EQUITY COMPENSATION |
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Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EQUITY COMPENSATION | 13. EQUITY COMPENSATION Equity Incentive Plan Equity-based compensation is granted under the Company’s 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “Equity Incentive Plan”). The total number of shares available to be issued under the Equity Incentive Plan resets based on a formula defined in the Equity Incentive Plan and may increase on January 1 of each year. On January 1, 2022, the total number of shares available for issuance under the Equity Incentive Plan reset to 49,293,000 shares and as of December 31, 2022, 44,488,640 shares remained available for issuance. Generally, unvested restricted units are forfeited upon termination of employment in accordance with the Equity Incentive Plan. The Company recognizes forfeitures as a reversal of previously recognized compensation expense in the period the forfeiture occurs. Equity-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures, recorded by the Company is presented in the following table:
Restricted Units Each restricted unit represents an unfunded, unsecured right of the holder to receive a share of the Company’s Class A common stock on a specific date. The restricted units generally vest and are settled in shares of Class A common stock either (i) at a rate of one-third per year, beginning on the third anniversary of the grant date, (ii) at a rate of one quarter per year, beginning on the second anniversary of the grant date or the holder’s employment commencement date, or (iii) at a rate of one-third per year, beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date, in each case generally subject to the holder’s continued employment as of the applicable vesting date (subject to accelerated vesting upon certain qualifying terminations of employment or retirement eligibility provisions). Compensation expense associated with restricted units is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. Restricted units are delivered net of the holder’s payroll related taxes upon vesting. For the year ended December 31, 2022, 5.5 million restricted units vested and 3.1 million shares of Class A common stock were delivered to the holders. For the year ended December 31, 2021, 8.3 million restricted units vested and 4.5 million shares of Class A common stock were delivered to the holders. The holders of restricted units, other than awards that have not yet been issued as described in the subsequent sections, generally have the right to receive as current compensation an amount in cash equal to (i) the amount of any dividend paid with respect to a share of Class A common stock multiplied by (ii) the number of restricted units held at the time such dividends are declared (“Dividend Equivalent”). During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company declared dividends of $0.61 per share to Class A common stockholders at the close of business on March 17, 2022, June 16, 2022, September 16, 2022 and December 16, 2022. For the year ended December 31, 2022, Dividend Equivalents were made to the holders of restricted units in the aggregate amount of $31.8 million, which are presented as dividends within the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity. When units are forfeited, the cumulative amount of Dividend Equivalents previously paid is reclassified to compensation and benefits expense within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company approved the future grant of restricted units to certain senior executives in each of 2023, 2024 and 2025, subject to the holder’s continued employment and acceleration in certain instances. The vesting period of these awards are at a rate of 25% per year, beginning on the second anniversary of the grant date. Given that these future restricted units have been communicated to the recipient, the Company accounts for these awards as if they have been granted and recognizes the compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the service period. The restricted units that have been approved and communicated but not yet granted are not eligible to receive a Dividend Equivalent until the grant date. The following table presents unvested restricted units’ activity:
The total compensation expense expected to be recognized in all future periods associated with the restricted units is approximately $545.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average period of 3.4 years. Options Upon exercise, each option entitles the holders to purchase from the Company one share of Class A common stock at the stated exercise price. The term of the options is generally 10 years, beginning on the grant date. A summary of options activity during the year ended December 31, 2022 is presented below:
Net cash proceeds from exercises of stock options were $21.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company realized tax benefits of approximately $9.1 million from those exercises. Aggregate intrinsic value represents the value of the Company’s closing share price of Class A common stock on the last trading day of the period in excess of the weighted-average exercise price multiplied by the number of options exercisable or expected to vest.
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