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Share Based Compensation
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Share Based Compensation [Abstract]  
Share Based Compensation

4. Share Based Compensation

The Company has Stock Incentive Plans (the Plans) pursuant to which the Company's board of directors may grant stock options or restricted stock to employees. The Company is authorized to issue grants of restricted stock and stock options to purchase up to 26,963,150 shares as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. There were 2,099,349 additional shares remaining available for grant under the Plans at March 31, 2012.

 

The table below summarizes the expense recognized related to share-based payments recognized for the three month periods ended March 31 (in thousands):

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2012      2011  

Stock options

   $ 2,277       $ 2,460   

Restricted stock

     1,557         1,681  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation

   $ 3,834       $ 4,141   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The tax benefits recorded on stock based compensation were $1.2 million and $0.7 million for the three month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

The following table summarizes the Company's total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock-based compensation as of March 31, 2012 (in thousands):

 

     Unrecognized
Compensation
Cost
     Weighted Average
Period  of Expense
Recognition
(in Years)
 

Stock options

   $ 23,368         2.18   

Restricted stock

     11,503         1.60   
  

 

 

    

Total

   $ 34,871      
  

 

 

    

Stock Options

Stock options are granted with an exercise price estimated to be equal to the fair market value on the date of grant as authorized by the Company's board of directors. Options granted have vesting provisions ranging from one to six years. Stock option grants are generally subject to forfeiture if employment terminates prior to vesting.

The following summarizes the changes in the number of shares of common stock under option for the three month period ended March 31, 2012 (shares and aggregate intrinsic value in thousands):

 

     Shares     Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
     Options
Exercisable
at End of
Period
     Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price of
Exercisable
Options
     Weighted
Average Fair
Value of
Options
Granted During
the Period
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 

Outstanding at December 31, 2011

     8,341      $ 15.51         4,394       $ 10.13          $ 119,802   

Exercised

     (1,019     7.77                  31,607   

Forfeited

     (30     10.00               
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

       

 

 

 

Outstanding at March 31, 2012

     7,292      $ 16.61         3,716       $ 11.09          $ 161,530   
  

 

 

   

 

 

             

Expected to vest as of March 31, 2012

     7,292      $ 16.61               
  

 

 

   

 

 

             

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2012 was $31.6 million.

The fair value of stock option awards granted was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model during the three months ended March 31, 2011, with the following weighted-average assumptions for grants during the period.

 

Risk-free interest rate

     1.76

Dividend yield

     —     

Expected volatility

     39.27

Expected life (in years)

     4.0   

There were no stock option awards granted in the three months ended March 31, 2012.

The Company considered the retirement and forfeiture provisions of the options and utilized its historical experience to estimate the expected life of the options.

 

The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield of a zero coupon U.S. Treasury security with a maturity equal to the expected life of the option from the date of the grant. The Company estimates the volatility of the share price of the Company's common stock by considering the historical volatility of the stock of similar public entities. In determining the appropriateness of the public entities included in the volatility assumption the Company considered a number of factors, including the entity's life cycle stage, size, financial leverage, and products offered.

The weighted-average remaining contractual life for options outstanding was 7.08 and 7.00 years at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

Restricted Stock

Awards of restricted stock and restricted stock units are independent of stock option grants and are generally subject to forfeiture if employment terminates prior to vesting. Prior to the Company's initial public offering, the vesting of the shares granted in 2010 were contingent on the sale of the Company or a public offering of the Company's common stock, subject to certain other conditions. The vesting of the shares granted in 2012 and 2011 are generally based on the passage of time, performance or market conditions. Shares vesting based on the passage of time have vesting provisions ranging from one to six years.

There were no restricted stock shares granted based on market conditions during the three months ended March 31, 2012. The fair value of restricted stock shares granted based on market conditions during the three months ended March 31, 2011 was estimated using the Monte Carlo option pricing model at the grant date, with the following assumptions.

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31, 2011
 

Risk-free interest rate

     1.25

Dividend yield

     —     

Expected volatility

     37.00

Expected life (in years)

     0.63   

The risk-free interest rate and volatility assumptions were calculated consistently with those applied in the Black-Scholes options pricing model utilized in determining the fair value of the stock option awards.

The following table summarizes the changes in the number of shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units for the three months ended March 31, 2012 (shares in thousands):

 

     Shares     Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 

Unvested at December 31, 2011

     840      $ 23.15   

Granted

     41        34.35   

Vested

     (22     29.59   

Cancelled

     —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Unvested at March 31, 2012

     859      $ 23.52