-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Ku54VI1kK/QHCI/r52U4AqyceoNBNWM0VQKAmhPkWpaggxwB8p/sBlMXWtApWkXq 2R69sTMQlBW0dgpldXGY9Q== 0001144204-08-002074.txt : 20080114 0001144204-08-002074.hdr.sgml : 20080114 20080114142005 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001144204-08-002074 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10QSB PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 5 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20071130 FILED AS OF DATE: 20080114 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20080114 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: KAL ENERGY INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001162895 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: METAL MINING [1000] IRS NUMBER: 980360062 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0531 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10QSB SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-97201 FILM NUMBER: 08528243 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 93-95 GLOUCESTER PLACE CITY: LONDON STATE: X0 ZIP: W1U 6JQ BUSINESS PHONE: 44 (0) 20 7935-4440 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 93-95 GLOUCESTER PLACE CITY: LONDON STATE: X0 ZIP: W1U 6JQ FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: PATRIARCH INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20011129 10QSB 1 v099475_10qsb.htm Unassociated Document
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-QSB

x QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended November 30, 2007

o TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____ to _____

KAL Energy, Inc.
(Formerly Patriarch, Inc.)
(Exact name of small business issuer as specified in its charter)

     
Delaware
333-97201
98-0360062
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(Commission File Number)
(IRS Employer Identification Number)

93-95 Gloucester Place London, United Kingdom
W1U 6JQ
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)

Issuer’s telephone number:  (44) 20 7487 8426

Check whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o   No x

State the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common equity, as of the latest practicable date: 99,182,772 at December 31, 2007.

Transitional Small Business Disclosure Format (Check one):  Yes o No x


 
         
 
 
 
 
Page No 
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
   
         
Item 1 
 
Financial Statements (unaudited)
  3
         
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet — November 30, 2007
  3
         
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations — Three and Six Month Periods Ended November 30, 2007 and 2006 and the Period From February 21, 2001 (Inception) to November 30, 2007
  4
         
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — Three and Six Month Periods Ended November 30, 2007 and 2006 and the Period From February 21, 2001 (Inception) to November 30, 2007
  5
         
 
 
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
  6
         
Item 2 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation
  17
         
Item 3 
 
Controls and Procedures
  25
     
PART II OTHER INFORMATION  
   
         
Item 2 
 
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
  27
         
Item 5
 
Other Information
  27
         
Item 6
 
Exhibits
  27
         
 
 
Signatures
  28
         
 

 
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Financial Statements
 
KAL ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(FORMERLY PATRIARCH INC.)
 (An Exploration Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
NOVEMBER 30, 2007
(Unaudited)

ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
692,735
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
121,429
 
Total Current Assets
   
814,164
 
         
Notes receivable
   
349,115
 
Intangible assets, net
   
6,790,468
 
         
Total Assets
 
$
7,953,747
 
 
     
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
     
 
     
Current Liabilities
     
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
 
$
651,765
 
Accrued exploration expenses
   
1,144,464
 
Shares to be issued
   
1,239,010
 
Notes payable - related parties
   
75,000
 
  Total Current Liabilities
   
3,110,239
 
 
     
Stockholders’ Equity
     
Common Stock
     
Authorized:
     
500,000,000 voting common shares, par value $0.0001
     
Issued and outstanding:
     
98,932,772 common shares
   
9,893
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
15,300,183
 
Subscription receivable 
   
(40,000
)
Deficit Accumulated During The Exploration Stage
   
(10,426,568
)
Total Stockholders' Equity
   
4,843,508
 
 
     
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
 
$
7,953,747
 
 
-  
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

3


KAL ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(FORMERLY PATRIARCH INC.)
 (An Exploration Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
FOR THE THREE MONTH AND SIX MONTH PERIODS ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 2007 AND 2006
AND FOR THE PERIOD FROM FEBRUARY 21, 2001 (INCEPTION) TO NOVEMBER 30, 2007
(Unaudited)

 
 
 
 
 
         
CUMULATIVE
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
PERIOD FROM
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
INCEPTION
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
FEBRUARY 21
 
 
 
THREE MONTH PERIODS ENDED
 
SIX MONTH PERIODS ENDED
 
2001 TO
 
 
 
NOVEMBER 30
 
NOVEMBER 30
 
NOVEMBER 30
 
 
 
2007
 
2006
 
2007
 
2006
 
2007
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
 
 
Net Revenue
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
 
                         
Operating Expenses
                         
Exploration expenditures
   
946,506
   
-
   
2,372,251
         
3,621,069
 
Stock based compensation expense
   
1,551,245
         
3,078,640
         
4,380,313
 
Professional and consulting fees
   
164,793
   
10,628
   
375,070
   
14,977
   
1,065,291
 
General and administrative expenditures
   
475,374
   
490
   
851,461
   
560
   
1,413,991
 
Total Operating Expenses
   
3,137,918
   
11,118
   
6,677,422
   
15,537
   
10,480,364
 
 
                         
Other income:
                               
Interest Income
   
9,074
   
-
   
21,908
   
-
   
53,796
 
 
                     
Net Loss
 
$
(3,128,844
)
$
(11,118
)
$
(6,655,514
)
$
(15,537
)
$
(10,426,568
)
 
                         
 
                         
Net Loss Per Common Share, basic and diluted
 
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.00
)
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.00
)
   
Basic and Diluted Weighted Average Number Of Common Shares Outstanding
   
98,286,413
   
11,732,554
   
98,038,614
   
11,725,649
       

Weighted average number of shares for dilutive securities has not been taken since the effect of dilutive securities is anti dilutive
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements 

4


KAL ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(FORMERLY PATRIARCH INC.)
 (An Exploration Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE SIX MONTH PERIODS ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 2007 AND 2006
AND THE PERIOD FROM FEBRUARY 21, 2001 (INCEPTION) TO NOVEMBER 30, 2007
(Unaudited)
(Stated in US Dollars)
 
 
         
CUMULATIVE
 
 
         
PERIOD FROM
 
 
         
INCEPTION
 
 
         
FEBRUARY 21
 
 
 
SIX MONTH PERIODS ENDED
 
2001 TO
 
 
 
NOVEMBER 30
 
NOVEMBER 30
 
 
 
2007
 
2006
 
2007
 
Cash Flows In Operating Activities:
         
 
 
           
 
 
Net loss for the period
 
$
(6,655,514
)
$
(15,537
)
$
(10,426,568
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                   
Stock based compensation expense
   
3,078,641
   
-
   
4,380,013
 
Stock issued for consulting services
   
-
   
-
   
222,500
 
Amortization expense
   
177,143
   
-
   
295,238
 
Increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
(42,431
)
 
-
   
(153,212
)
Increase in  accounts payable and accrued liabilities
   
1,468,011
   
(2,830
)
 
1,552,881
 
Net cash used in operating activities
   
(1,974,150
)
 
(9,210
)
 
(4,129,148
)
 
                 
Cash Flows In Investing Activities:
                   
Cash of acquired subsidiary
   
-
   
-
   
201,054
 
Cash investment in subsidiary
   
-
   
-
   
(10,000
)
Net cash provided by investing activities
   
-
   
-
   
191,054
 
                     
Cash Flows In Financing Activities:
                   
Advances from shareholder
   
75,000
   
-
   
117,820
 
Payments to shareholders
   
-
   
-
   
(42,820
)
Debt repayments
   
-
   
-
   
(198,000
)
Advances on notes receivable
   
(50,000
)
 
-
   
(753,995
)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
   
1,912,259
   
-
   
5,507,824
 
  Net cash provided by financing activities
   
1,937,259
   
-
   
4,630,829
 
                     
Decrease In Cash & cash equivalents
   
(36,891
)
 
(9,210
)
 
(692,735
)
                     
Cash And Cash Equivalents, Beginning Of Period
   
729,626
   
9,018
   
-
 
                     
Cash And Cash Equivalents, End Of Period
 
$
692,735
 
$
(192
)
$
692,735
 
 
                 
Supplemental Disclosure Of Cash Flow Information
                 
Cash paid during the period
                 
Interest
             
$
-
 
Income Taxes
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
                     
Supplemental Disclosure of Non Cash Transactions
                   
                     
Shares issued to acquire subsidiary
   
-
   
-
   
6,400,000
 

5


KAL ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(FORMERLY PATRIARCH INC.)
 (An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND GOING CONCERN

a)  Organization and Change of Name

Kal Energy, Inc. (formerly, Patriarch, Inc.) (“the Company” or “We”) was incorporated on February 21, 2001 in the State of Delaware. On November 14, 2006 of the Company’s stockholders voted to amend the Company’s Articles of incorporation to change the Company’s name to KAL Energy, Inc. This amendment took effect on December 20, 2006. The Company was formed for the purpose of acquiring exploration and exploration stage natural resource properties and is in the pre-exploration stage. The Company’s operations are performed by its wholly owned subsidiary, Thatcher Mining Pte. Ltd, a corporation formed under the laws of the Republic of Singapore on June 8, 2006 (“Thatcher”) and acquired by the Company on February 9, 2007. The Company formed PT Kubar Resources (Kubar), a limited liability foreign investment (PMA) company corporation under the laws of the Republic of Indonesia on April 12, 2007, and completed its registration on June 6, 2007. Kubar is owned 99% by Thatcher and 1% by the Company, making it a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The Company acquired Finchley Resources Pte. Ltd. (Finchley), a corporation formed under the laws of the Republic of Singapore on September 12, 2007.

b)  Exploration Activities

The Company has been in the exploration stage since its formation and has not yet realized any revenues from its planned operations.  The Company is currently seeking opportunities for profitable operations. Costs related to locating coal deposits and determining the extractive feasibility of such deposits are expensed as incurred.

c) Going Concern

The Company’s interim financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplate the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.

As shown in the accompanying financial statements, the Company has incurred a net loss of $10,426,568 for the period from February 21, 2001 (inception) to November 30, 2007, its current liabilities exceed its cash balance by $2,296,075, of which $1,239,010 are non cash stock based liabilities, and has no revenue.  The Company's ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the continued financial support of its stockholders, its ability to generate sufficient cash flow to meet its obligations on a timely basis and, ultimately, to attain cash flow from profitable operations.

Recurring losses from operations and operating cash constraints are potential factors, which, among others, may indicate that the Company will be unable to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time.  These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.  

The interim financial statements do not include adjustments relating to recoverability and classification of recorded assets amounts, or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
 
6


Management has taken the following steps to revise its operating and financial requirements, which it believes are sufficient to provide the Company with the ability to continue as a going concern. Management devoted considerable effort from inception through the quarter ended November 30, 2007, towards (i) additional working capital through the issuance of the Company’s equity securities, (ii) management of accrued expenses and accounts payable, and (iii) searching for a suitable strategic partner. Management believes that the above actions will allow the Company to continue operations through the next fiscal year.

2.  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Basis of presentation

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with rules set forth in Regulation SB promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, these statements do not include all disclosures required under generally accepted accounting principles and should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in the Company's Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2007. In the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting of normal recurring accruals have been made to the financial statements. The results of operation for the three months ended November 30, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2008.

Principles of consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Kal Energy, Inc. the accounts of its wholly owned subsidiaries, Thatcher, PT Kubar and Finchley, and the accounts of the variable interest entities, PT. Bunyut Bara Mandiri and PT. Graha Panca Karsa (Note 8), collectively “the Company”. All significant inter-company transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles which requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Basic and diluted net loss per share

Net loss per share is calculated in accordance with the Statement of financial accounting standards No. 128 (SFAS No. 128), "Earnings per share". SFAS No. 128 superseded Accounting Principles Board Opinion No.15 (APB 15). Net loss per share for all periods presented has been restated to reflect the adoption of SFAS No. 128. Basic net loss per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net loss per share is based on the assumption that all dilutive convertible shares and stock options were converted or exercised. Dilution is computed by applying the treasury stock method. Under this method, options and warrants are assumed to be exercised at the beginning of the period (or at the time of issuance, if later), and as if funds obtained thereby were used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period.
 
Intangible Assets
 
The Company evaluates intangible assets, goodwill and other long-lived assets for impairment, at least on an annual basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable from its estimated future cash flows. Recoverability of intangible assets, other long-lived assets and, goodwill is measured by comparing their net book value to the related projected undiscounted cash flows from these assets, considering a number of factors including past operating results, budgets, economic projections, market trends and product development cycles. If the net book value of the asset exceeds the related undiscounted cash flows, the asset is considered impaired, and a second test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss. Potential impairment of goodwill after July 1, 2002 is being evaluated in accordance with SFAS No. 142. The SFAS No. 142 is applicable to the financial statements of the Company beginning July 1, 2002.
 
7


Recent pronouncements

In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 ("FIN 48"). FIN 48 seeks to reduce the diversity in practice associated with certain aspects of measuring and recognition in accounting for income taxes. In addition, FIN 48 requires expanded disclosure with respect to the uncertainty in income taxes and is effective as of the beginning of the 2008 fiscal year. Management is currently evaluating the effect of this pronouncement on financial statements.
 

In September 2006, FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans - an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)” (“SFAS No. 158”). SFAS No. 158 improves financial reporting by requiring an employer to recognize the over funded or under funded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan (other than a multiemployer plan) as an asset or liability in its statement of financial position and to recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income of a business entity or changes in unrestricted net assets of a not-for-profit organization. SFAS No. 158 also improves financial reporting by requiring an employer to measure the funded status of a plan as of the date of its year-end statement of financial position, with limited exceptions. An employer with publicly traded equity securities is required to initially recognize the funded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan and to provide the required disclosures as of the end of the fiscal year ending after December 15, 2006. An employer without publicly traded equity securities is required to recognize the funded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan and to provide the required disclosures as of the end of the fiscal year ending after June 15, 2007. However, an employer without publicly traded equity securities is required to disclose the following information in the notes to financial statements for a fiscal year ending after December 15, 2006, but before June 16, 2007, unless it has applied the recognition provisions of SFAS No. 158 in preparing those financial statements:
 
·  
A brief description of the provisions of SFAS No. 158.
 
·  
The date that adoption is required.
 
·  
The date the employer plans to adopt the recognition provisions of SFAS No. 158, if earlier.
 
The requirement to measure plan assets and benefit obligations as of the date of the employer’s fiscal year-end statement of financial position is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008. Management is currently evaluating the effect of this pronouncement on financial statements.
 
In February 2007, FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“FAS 159”). FAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Early adoption is permitted subject to specific requirements outlined in FAS 159. Therefore, calendar-year companies may be able to adopt FAS 159 for their first quarter 2007 financial statements.
 
FAS 159 allows entities to choose, at specified election dates, to measure eligible financial assets and liabilities at fair value that are not otherwise required to be measured at fair value. If a company elects the fair value option for an eligible item, changes in that item's fair value in subsequent reporting periods must be recognized in current earnings. FAS 159 also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to draw comparison between entities that elect different measurement attributes for similar assets and liabilities. Management is currently evaluating the effect of this pronouncement on financial statements.
 
8

 
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 160 amends ARB 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling (minority) interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. SFAS No. 160 is effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning June 1, 2009. Management is currently evaluating the effect of this pronouncement on financial statements.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141(R), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141(R)”). SFAS No. 141(R) replaces SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations”. SFAS No. 141(R) retains the fundamental requirements in Statement 141 that the acquisition method of accounting (which Statement 141 called the purchase method) be used for all business combinations and for an acquirer to be identified for each business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) also establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer: a) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree; b) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase and c) determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) will apply prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after Company’s fiscal year beginning October 1, 2009. While the Company has not yet evaluated this statement for the impact, if any, that SFAS No. 141(R) will have on its consolidated financial statements, the Company will be required to expense costs related to any acquisitions after May 31, 2009.
 
3.   NOTES RECEIVABLE
 
As of November 30, 2007, the Company has two note receivables of $150,000 and $175,000 from two unrelated parties. The note receivables are both pledged by the shares to be purchased by the notes, with an interest rate of twelve month LIBOR plus 5%, and due on demand. The Company has recorded $24,115 of interest receivable against these notes. (Refer to note 8).

4.  PREPAID EXPENSES AND DEPOSITS
 
Prepaid expenses and deposits at November 30, 2007 are as follows:
 
Prepaid expenses
 
$
60,797
 
Funds in transit
   
40,000
 
Deposits
   
20,632
 
Total Prepaid expenses
 
$
121,429
 

Prepaid expenses include $14,353 prepayments for insurance policies, $5,968 prepayments for advertisement, $15,226 prepayments for services, $9,681 for employee advances of other prepayments and $15,569 of withholding tax receivable.
 
Deposits include $10,842 rent deposit and $9,790 security deposits.
 
9

 
5.   ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses at November 30, 2007 are as follows:
 
Accounts payable
 
$
367,678
 
Accrued expenses
   
364,087
 
Total Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
$
731,765
 

6.  INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The Company entered into two Investment and Cooperation agreements with PT Graha Panca Karsa (“PT GPK”) and PT Bunyut Bara Mandiri (“PT BBM”). Pursuant to these agreements, the Company will provide mining services in exchange for a share of revenues derived from any coal sales. The Company shall be entitled to all net proceeds from the sale of minerals arising out of the project, save for a 1% net smelter royalty. The Company has recorded this asset at its fair value of $7,085,706 and is amortizing it over 20 years.

Gross Value of Agreements
 
$
7,085,706
 
Amortization
   
(295,238
)
Net Intangible assets
 
$
6,790,468
 

7.   RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
        The Company uses the services of Mining House Ltd. for IT and administrative services. These also include travel and other administrative expenses. Two of the Company’s directors and the Company’s previous chief executive officer, who is also the sole shareholder of Mining House Ltd., are directors in Mining House Ltd. Payments for such services during the three month and six month periods ended November 30, 2007 amounted to $81,003 and $128,374, respectively. Payments for such services during the three month and six month periods ended November 30, 2006 amounted to $0 and $0, respectively
 
The Company has a rental and services agreements with PB Commodities (“PBC”) for office space in Singapore. “PBC” is owned by Concord International (“Concord”), a stockholder of the Company. Rental and service payments made under this agreement totaled $20,190 and $34,600, respectively for the three month and six month periods ended November 30, 2007. Rental payments made under this agreement totaled $0 and $0, respectively for the three month and six month periods ended November 30, 2006.
 
The Company uses Asia Consultancy Group Pte Ltd. (“ACG”) for exploration consulting services. These also include travel and other administrative expenses. ACG is owned by Concord. Total payments made for the three month and six month periods ended November 30, 2007 totaled $184,291 and $443,493, respectively. Total payments made for the three month and six month periods ended November 30, 2006 totaled $0 and $0, respectively.
 
The Company entered into a Loan Agreement with Concord on September 28, 2007, for $50,000. The loan carries no interest and is payable in full upon demand by Concord. Concord will provide notice of up to 90 days, after which time payment will be made.
 
10

 
The Company entered into a Loan Agreement with Laith Reynolds, the Company’s Chairman of the Board and a stockholder of the Company, on November 28, 2007, for $25,000. The loan carries no interest and is payable in full upon demand by Mr. Reynolds, after completion of the first US$ 3,000,000 in the most recent private placement.
 
8.  SHAREHOLDER’S EQUITY
 
During the quarter ended November 30, 2007, the Company raised $1,232,510 at a price of per $0.15 share, representing 8,216,733 voting common shares to be issued. There are an additional 6,500 shares to be issued as finders fees related to this raise. Year to date, the Company has raised 1,982,510, for a total of 9,191,733 shares.

During the quarter ended August 31, 2007, the Company raised $750,000 at a price of $0.80 shares, representing 937,500 voting common shares. As part of this private placement, the Company also issued 937,500 warrants at a price of $1.42.

During the quarter ended August 31, 2007, the company issued 80,000 shares against exercise of options at an exercise price of $0.5 per share. The Company has not received the exercise price as of November 30, 2007. As of November 30, 2007, $40,000 has been recorded as subscription receivable on the accompanying financials.

During the year ended May 31, 2007 the Company issued 17,615,000 voting common shares for total of $3,523,000. The issuance is recorded net of the expenses and payments of the fund raising expenses. The direct costs related to this stock sale, including legal and professional fees, were deducted from the related proceeds and the net amount in excess of par value was recorded as additional paid-in capital. In conjunction with the completion of the private placement offering, the Company paid legal expenses of $20,000 in cash The Company also issued 1,112,500 shares of restricted stock valued at $222,500 as consulting fees.

The Company also affected a 4 for 1 stock split on December 20, 2006. The stock split resulted in an additional 35,341,454 voting common shares, resulting in 47,375,272 post-split shares outstanding (11,843,818 pre-split shares). All of the shares have been retroactively restated.

On January 18, 2007, the board of directors approved an amendment to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation increasing the number of authorized shares off common stock from 100,000,000 to 500,000,000. On January 19, 2007, shareholders of record holding a majority of the currently issued and outstanding common stock approved the amendment. The amendment became effective on March 2, 2007. 
 
On April 12, 2007, the board of directors approved a stock compensation plan for employees and outside contractors. The Company authorized 12,000,000 shares for use in such plan. As of November 30, 2007, 825,833 shares and 2,737,500 options had vested under such plan. See note 9.
 
9.  BUSINESS COMBINATION
 
On September 12, 2007, the Company acquired the operations of Finchley. The transaction was transfer from the shareholder of Finchley to the Company. Finchley had no assets and only had expenses from its incorporation. The entity was acquired for the purpose of transacting exploration in Mongolia.
 
On December 29, 2006, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Reorganization Agreement”) with Thatcher Mining Pte., Ltd., a privately held Singapore corporation (“Thatcher”). Upon the closing under the Reorganization Agreement on February 9, 2007, the shareholders of Thatcher delivered all of their equity interests in Thatcher to the Company in exchange for shares of common stock in the Company, as a result of which Thatcher became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Reorganization”).
 
Pursuant to the Reorganization Agreement, at the closing, shareholders of Thatcher received 4,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for each issued and outstanding common share of Thatcher. As a result, at the closing, the Company issued 32,000,000 shares of its common stock to the former shareholders of Thatcher.
 
11

 
In addition, simultaneously with closing under the Reorganization Agreement, the Company completed a private placement offering of a total of 17,615,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for aggregate proceeds to the Company of $3,523,000 (the “Private Placement”). As of February 28, 2007, 17,115,000 shares were issued and $3,423,000 cash was received. In conjunction with completion of the Private Placement offering, the Company paid consulting fees of $68,000 and legal expenses of $20,000 in cash, and also issued a total of 1,112,500 shares of restricted stock as compensation for certain legal services and as payment of consulting fees.
 
The acquisition was accounted under the Purchase method of accounting. The results of the Company include the results of Thatcher as of February 9, 2007, through the closing of the Reorganization Agreement. The cost of the acquisition was $6,400,000 and goodwill $6,421,929 is recorded.
 
The following table presents the allocation of the acquisition cost to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

Cash
 
$
201,054
 
Notes receivable
   
187,424
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
19,907
 
Intangible assets
   
12,718,168
 
Total Assets
 
$
13,126,553
 
 
     
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
 
$
271,091
 
Notes payable
   
198,000
 
Total liabilities
 
$
469,091
 
         
Net asset acquired
 
$
12,657,462
 
         
Consideration paid:
       
Total cost of investment
 
$
7,025,000
 
Total Acquisition cost
 
$
12,657,462
 
Negative goodwill
 
$
(5,632,462
)
         

The Company has reduced the recorded value of the non-current assets acquired, by the negative goodwill of $5,632,462. The purchase price allocation for Thatcher acquisition is based on the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Immediately after the execution of the definitive agreement, the Company obtained effective control over Thatcher. Accordingly, the operating results of Thatcher have been consolidated with those of the Company starting February 9, 2007.

In accordance with paragraph 44 of SFAS 142, any excess of cost over net assets acquired shall be allocated as a pro rata reduction of the amounts that otherwise would have been assigned to all of the acquired assets except financial assets other then investments accounted for by the equity method, assets to be disposed of by sale, deferred tax assets, prepaid assets relating to pension or other postretirement benefit plans and any other current assets.

The value of the shares issued by the Company in connection with this acquisition exceeded the fair market value of the net assets acquired. Thus, “negative goodwill” generated was allocated to reduce the cost of the non-current assets acquired.
 
12

 
The pro forma information below shows the impact of Thatcher’s operations on the Company’s results as if it had been combined at the beginning of the three month period ended August 31, 2006 and period from inception to November 30, 2007, respectively.

Statement of Operations
 
Six Months Ended November 30, 2006
 
Cumulative Period From Inception February 21, 2001 to November 30, 2007
 
 
 
(unaudited)
 
(unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
 
         
Expenses
         
Exploration expenditures
   
228,884
   
4,123,323
 
Stock based compensation expense
   
-
   
4,380,013
 
Professional and consulting fees
   
13,625.30
   
1,158,359
 
General and administrative expenditures
   
5,031
   
1,338,138
 
Total Expenses
   
(247,540
)
 
(10,999,833
)
 
         
Interest Income
   
1
   
55,448
 
 
         
Net Loss
 
$
(247,539
)
$
(10,944,385
)
 
         
Earnings Per Share
         
Basic
 
$
(0.01
)
   
 
10.  VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITY

The Company has adopted FASB Interpretation No. 46R "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities" ("FIN 46R"), an Interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51. FIN 46R requires a Variable Interest Entity (VIE) to be consolidated by a company if that company is subject to a majority of the risk of loss for the VIE or is entitled to receive a majority of the VIE's residual returns. VIEs are those entities in which the Company, through contractual arrangements, bears the risks of, and enjoys the rewards normally associated with ownership of the entities, and therefore the company is the primary beneficiary of these entities. Acquisitions of subsidiaries or variable interest entities are accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. The results of subsidiaries or variable interest entities acquired during the year are included in the consolidated income statements from the effective date of acquisition.

ACCOUNTING AFTER INITIAL MEASUREMENT OF VIE - Subsequent accounting for the assets, liabilities, and non-controlling interest of a consolidated variable interest entity are accounted for as if the entity were consolidated based on voting interests and the usual accounting rules for which the VIE operates are applied as they would to a consolidated subsidiary as follows:
 
·
carrying amounts of the VIE are consolidated into the financial statements of the Company as the primary beneficiary (referred to as "Primary Beneficiary" or "PB");
 
13


·
inter-company transactions and balances, such as revenues and costs, receivables and payables between or among the Primary Beneficiary and the VIE(s) are eliminated in their entirety; and

·
because there is no direct ownership interest by the Primary Beneficiary in the VIE, equity of the VIE is eliminated with an offsetting credit to minority interest.

INITIAL MEASUREMENT OF VIE- The Company initially measures the assets, liabilities, and non-controlling interests of the VIEs at their fair values at the date of the acquisitions.
 
At February 28, 2007, the company provided funds to two individuals for their purchase of 1,000,000 or 100% of the 1,000,000 outstanding shares of PT Graha Panca Karsa (“PT GPK”) and 1,000,000 or 100% of the 1,000,000 outstanding shares of PT Bunyut Bara Mandiri (“PT BBM”), exploration stage companies involved in the exploration of coal concessions in East Kalimantan, Indonesia.   The Company has been the sole source of funding to the shareholders of PT GPK since 2006 to acquire the shares in PT GPK through advances made under a loan agreement.  Such advances totaled $175,000 for the shareholders of PT GPK and $150,000 for the shareholders of PT BBM, at November 30, 2007. The Company is considered the primary beneficiary as it stands to it stands to absorb the majority of the VIE’s expected losses.

As of November 30, 2007, the Company has consolidated PT GPK and PT BBM’s financial statements for the three month period and six month periods then ended in the accompanying financial statements. PT GPK and PT BBM did not have any operations through November 30, 2007.

11.  EXPLORATION EXPENDITURES

In 2006, Thatcher commenced exploration in properties in Kalimantan, Indonesia. Exploration expenses were performed by outside contractors, who billed all resources used individually between manpower, travel, equipment rentals, phone and other expenses. The bulk of all expenditures was manpower, including the chief geologist, operations manager, site manager and site personnel from various contractors, and were utilized to make preliminary assessments of the properties providing mining services for initial property assessment and preparing for the phase I drilling program. The initial measurements of the quantity and quality of coal seams were made on two properties in East Kalimantan, Indonesia as well as study the logistics for processing the coal in site and delivering it to customers. Additionally, the Company has performed due diligence exploration in Mongolia, on a property for potential acquisition.

 
 
Three Months Ended November 30, 2007
 
Six Months Ended November 30, 2007
 
Manpower
 
$
477,643
 
$
932,883
 
Site Expenses
   
228,086
   
766,966
 
Equipment
   
121,515
   
436,016
 
Travel
   
119,261
   
236,386
 
 
 
$
946,506
 
$
2,372,251
 
 
12. STOCK BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE
 
Description of Stock-Based Compensation Plan
 
Stock Incentive Plan (SIP) Effective April 27, 2007, we adopted the SIP. Under the provisions of the SIP, the Company may grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and stock awards to our officers, directors and key employees, as well as to consultants and other persons who provide services to us. The SIP has a maximum contractual term of ten years. As of November 30, 2007, securities authorized and available for issuance in connection with our SIP were 8,436,667. Under the terms of the SIP, in no event shall the number of shares authorized for issuance in connection with the SIP exceed 12 million shares.
 
14

 
Valuation Assumptions
 
For all periods presented, the fair value of stock-based compensation made under the SIP was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
 
The weighted average assumptions used for options granted, ESPP purchases and the LTPP in 2007 was as follows:
 
   
2007
 
Stock Option Plan
     
Risk-free interest rate
   
4.39
%
Dividend yield
   
0
%
Volatility
   
94
%
Expected life
   
10 years
 
         
 
We used a historical volatility assumption to derive our expected volatility assumption. We also considered that this is an exploration phase enterprise and as such, the expected volatility should be higher than that of established mining companies. The same applies to our assumption regarding the expected life of our options. The early stage of our Company makes us assume a conservative position that it will take longer for the options to achieve their value.
 
Stock-Based Payment Award Activity
 
The following table summarizes equity share-based payment award activity in 2007:

 
 
 
 
Warrants
 
 
 
Shares
 
 
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding at May 31, 2006
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Plan
       
12,000,000
       
-
     
$
0.94
 
Granted
       
(10,775,000
)
     
10,775,000
     
$
1.19
 
Exercised
       
-
       
(125,000
)
   
$
1.37
 
Cancelled
       
-
       
-
       
-
 
Plan Shares Expired
       
-
       
-
       
-
 
Outstanding at May 31, 2007
       
1,225,000
       
10,650,000
   
$
1.44
 
Plan
       
-
       
-
     
$
0.94
 
Granted
       
(1,865,000
)
     
-
     
$
1.19
 
Exercised
       
-
       
(205,000
)
   
$
1.37
 
Cancelled
       
1,325,000
       
-
       
-
 
Plan Shares Expired
       
-
       
-
       
-
 
Outstanding at November 30, 2007
       
685,000
       
10,570,000
   
$
1.44
 
 
15

 
No stock or options were forfeited, cancelled or expired during the three month period ended November 30, 2007.
 
   
Options Outstanding
 
Options Exercisable
 
Range of
Exercise Prices
 
Number
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
 
Number
Exercisable
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
 
$0.30-$0.50
   
8,301,667
   
9.9
       
$
0.46
       
$
2,491
   
2,657,500
   
9.9
       
$
0.50
       
$
532
 
 
The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value, based on the company's closing stock price of $0.30 on November 30, 2007, which would have been received by award holders had all award holders exercised their awards that were in-the-money as of that date. The total number of in-the-money stock option awards exercisable on November 30, 2007 was 2,657,500. The Company has not received any cash under the plan.
 
13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 
Office space is rented under a non-cancelable operating lease agreements expiring through September 2008. Rent expense was $13,963 for the three month periods ended November 30, 2007, and $62,844 from inception (February 21, 2001) to November 30, 2007.
 
Future minimum rental payments are as follows:
 
Years Ending November 30, 2008
 
$
64,000
 
 
The Company is subject to legal proceedings, claims, and litigation arising in the normal course of business. While the outcome of these matters is currently not determinable, the Company does not expect the resolutions of any such matters to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. As of November 30, 2007, there are no pending litigations.
 
16

 
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation
 
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB contains forward-looking statements that have been made pursuant to the provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and concern matters that involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Discussions containing forward-looking statements may be found in the material set forth under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation” and other sections of this Quarterly Report. Words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue” or similar words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Although we believe that our opinions and expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date of this Quarterly Report, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and our actual results may differ substantially from the views and expectations set forth in this Quarterly Report. We expressly disclaim any intent or obligation to update any forward-looking statements after the date hereof to conform such statements to actual results or to changes in our opinions or expectations. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us, which attempt to advise interested parties of the risks, uncertainties, and other factors that affect our business, including without limitation the disclosures made under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation” in this Quarterly Report and the audited financial statements and the notes thereto and disclosures made under the captions “Management’s Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation” and “Financial Statements” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2007. We obtained the market data and industry information contained in this Quarterly Report from internal surveys, estimates, reports and studies, as appropriate, as well as from market research, publicly available information and industry publications. Although we believe our internal surveys, estimates, reports, studies and market research, as well as industry publications, are reliable, we have not independently verified such information, and, as such, we do not make any representation as to its accuracy.
 
Plan of Operation
 
Our plan of operation for the twelve months following the date of this interim report is to continue the move into exploration of our PT Bunyut Bara Mandiri (“Bunyut”) concession in Kalimantan, Indonesia. We expect this program to run through the second half of the 2008 calendar year. This program will cost approximately $3,000,000. The program is designed to define the concession to Joint Ore Reserves Committee, or JORC, Compliant measured status, determine its mineability and to explore other prospective areas of our concessions for additional resources.
 
As of November 30, 2007, we had $692,735 in cash and cash equivalents in our accounts. We will be seeking to raise additional working capital of approximately US$10,000,000 by the third quarter of our 2007 fiscal year to fund capital and operational costs to get us through the exploration phase and from there raise the necessary funding to complete all feasibility and pre production costs to get us to early production.
 
Results of Operations
 
Three-month period ended November 30, 2007 compared to the three-month period ended November 30, 2006
 
Revenues
 
We have not earned any revenue from our operations from the date of our inception on February 21, 2001 through November 30, 2007. Our activities have been financed from the proceeds of private placement offerings of our common stock. We do not anticipate earning any revenue until we have obtained additional capital to fund early production from our coal concessions.
 
17

 
Expenses
 
We incurred $946,506 of exploration expenses related to our exploration activities. We spent $593,393 in our coal concessions in Indonesia and $353,113 on due diligence exploration in Mongolia. These funds were incurred in continuing the Phase II drilling programme on the PT Graha Panca Karsa, or Graha, property to get further definition of the resource, including its quality and mineability. The due diligence costs were incurred to evaluate a potential property in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Stock based compensation expense increased to $1,551,245 from the prorated expense of the granted options and restricted shares. Professional and consulting fees for the three month period ended November 30, 2007 increased to $164,793, as compared to $10,628 for the three month period ended November 30, 2006. We incurred significant consulting expenses related to our business planning efforts, as well as legal expenses related to our current financing activities. General and administrative expenses for the three month period ended November 30, 2007 increased to $475,374, as compared to $490 for the three month period ended November 30, 2006. The increased costs resulted from salaries and directors fees, facilities expense, travel, investor relations and amortization of intangibles. We instituted a new travel policy during the quarter ended November 30, 2007 to further curtail travel expenditures going forward. The Company’s expenses totaled $3,137,918 for the three months ended November 30, 2007 versus proforma expenses of $161,708 for the comparable prior year period. This increase in the rate of expenditure is due our initiation of significant exploration activities in February 2007 following the reorganization transaction.
 
Loss
 
Net loss for the three month period ended November 30, 2007 increased to $3,128,844, as compared to $11,118 for the three month period ended November 30, 2006. The increased loss was due to an increase in expenses, as discussed above. We have not attained profitable operations and are dependent upon obtaining additional financing to move from our exploration activities to our initial production. Our proforma losses increased to $10,944,385, due primarily to continued spending on our exploration of the Graha property.
 
Six-month period ended November 30, 2007 compared to the Six-month period ended November 30, 2006
 
Revenues
 
We have not earned any revenue from our operations from the date of our inception on February 21, 2001 through November 30, 2007. Our activities have been financed from the proceeds of private placement offerings of our common stock. We do not anticipate earning any revenue until we have obtained additional capital to fund early production from our coal concessions.
 
Expenses
 
We incurred $2,372,251 of exploration expenses related to our exploration activities. We spent $2,019,138 in our coal concessions in Indonesia and $353,113 in due diligence exploration in Mongolia. These funds were incurred to conclude the Phase I drilling programme that resulted in a JORC compliant measured resource of 204 million tones and to embark on the Phase II drilling programme on the Graha property to further define the resource, including its quality and mineability. The due diligence costs were incurred to evaluate a potential property in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Stock based compensation expense increased to $3,078,640 from the prorated expense of the granted options and restricted shares. Professional and consulting fees for the six month period ended November 30, 2007 increased to $375,070, as compared to $14,977 for the six month period ended November 30, 2006. We incurred significant consulting expenses related to our business planning efforts, as well as legal expenses related to our current financing activities. General and administrative expenses for the six month period ended November 30, 2007 increased to $851,461, as compared to $560 for the six month period ended November 30, 2006. The increased costs resulted from salaries and directors fees, facilities expense, travel, investor relations and amortization of intangibles. Our expenses totaled $6,677,422 versus proforma expenses of $255,698 in the previous year. This increase in the rate of expenditure is due to our initiation of significant exploration activities in February 2007 following the reorganization transaction.
 
18

Loss
 
Net loss for the six month period ended November 30, 2007 increased to $6,655,514, as compared to $15,537 for the six month period ended November 30, 2006. The increased loss was due to an increase in expenses, as discussed above. We have not attained profitable operations and are dependent upon obtaining additional financing to move from our exploration activities to our initial production. Our proforma losses increased to $10,944,385, due primarily to, continued spending on our exploration of the Graha property.
 
Capital Resources
 
As of November 30, 2007, we had current assets of $814,164, consisting of $692,735 in cash and cash equivalents and $121,429 in prepaid expenses and deposits.
 
Liabilities
 
As of November 30, 2007, we had liabilities of $3,110,239, consisting of accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $1,796,229, notes payable of $75,000 and shares to be issued of $1,239,010.  This increase in liabilities puts us in a position where liabilities exceed cash reserves as of November 30, 2007.
 
Risk Factors
 
The following risks could affect our business, financial results and results of operations. These risk factors should be considered in connection with evaluating the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB because these factors could cause the actual results and conditions to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements.   
 
Risks Related to Us
 
We are in the exploration stage and have yet to establish our mining operations, which makes it difficult to evaluate our business. There can be no assurance that we will ever generate revenues from operations or ever operate profitably.
 
We are currently in the exploration stage and have yet to establish our mining operations. Our limited history makes it difficult for potential investors to evaluate our business. We need to complete a drilling program and obtain feasibility studies on the properties in which we have an interest in order to establish the existence of commercially viable coal deposits and proven and probable reserves on such properties. Therefore, our proposed operations are subject to all of the risks inherent in the unforeseen costs and expenses, challenges, complications and delays frequently encountered in connection with the formation of any new business, as well as those risks that are specific to the coal industry in general. Despite our best efforts, we may never overcome these obstacles to financial success. There can be no assurance that our efforts will be successful or result in revenue or profit, or that investors will not lose their entire investment.
 
If we do not obtain financing when needed, our business will fail.
 
As of November 30, 2007, we had approxiamtely $692,735 in cash and cash equivalents in our accounts. We estimate that we will need approximately US$10,000,000 in working capital to fund capital and operational costs required to get us through the exploration phase and will need additional working capital following the exploration phase to complete all feasibility and pre-production costs to get us to early production. We currently do not have any arrangements for additional financing and we may not be able to obtain financing when required. Obtaining additional financing would be subject to a number of factors, including the market prices for our products, production costs, the availability of credit, prevailing interest rates and the market prices for our common stock.
 
Future sales of our equity securities will dilute existing stockholders.
 
To fully execute our long-term business plan, we may need to raise additional working capital through future sales of our equity securities. Any such future sales of our equity securities, when and if issued, would result in dilution to our existing stockholders.
 
19

 
We face numerous uncertainties in confirming the existence of economically recoverable coal reserves and in estimating the size of such reserves, and inaccuracies in our estimates could result in lower than expected revenues, higher than expected costs or failure to achieve profitability.
 
We have not established the existence of commercially viable coal deposits on all of the properties in which we have an interest. Further exploration will be required in order to establish the existence of economically recoverable coal reserves and in estimating the size of those reserves. However, estimates of the economically recoverable quantities and qualities attributable to any particular group of properties, classifications of reserves based on risk of recovery and estimates of net cash flows expected from particular reserves prepared by different engineers or by the same engineers at different times may vary substantially. Actual coal tonnage recovered from identified reserve areas or properties and revenues and expenditures with respect to such reserves may vary materially from estimates. Inaccuracies in any estimates related to our reserves could materially affect our ability to successfully commence profitable mining operations.  
 
Our future success depends upon our ability to acquire and develop coal reserves that are economically recoverable and to raise the capital necessary to fund mining operations.
 
Our future success depends upon our conducting successful exploration and development activities and acquiring properties containing economically recoverable coal deposits. In addition, we must also generate enough capital, either through our operations or through outside financing, to mine these reserves. Our current strategy includes completion of exploration activities on our current properties and, in the event we are able to establish the existence of commercially viable coal deposits on such properties, continuing to develop our existing properties. Our ability to develop our existing properties and to commence mining operations will be dependent on our ability to obtain sufficient working capital through financing activities.  
 
Our ability to implement our planned development and exploration projects is dependent on many factors, including the ability to receive various governmental permits.
 
In the event our planned exploration activities confirm the existence of significant coal deposits on our properties, we will then be required to renew our rights in the properties in order to continue with development and mining operations. This may include renewing the existing exploration Kuasa Pertambangan, or KP, on each property, or applying for exploitation KP’s in order to have the right to commence mining operations. We currently intend to maintain interests in the properties described herein by making timely application for renewal of the existing KP’s or by filing applications to obtain the required forms of KP to commence exploitation of the properties. Although we believe that absent unusual circumstances, such as failure to pay rent or fees or the existence of excessive environmental damage, it is common practice for the Indonesian government to approve requests for issuance or renewal of KP’s, there can be no assurance that our applications will be approved. In the event our applications are not approved, we will no longer have any interest in the properties and will be unable to continue with exploration, development or exploitation of such properties.
 
We do not own a direct interest in the mining concessions in which we claim to have an interest. Our interests are based upon contractual arrangements which give us rights in the properties without any direct ownership. If it is determined that the contractual arrangements we have established do not satisfy legal requirements or do not give us necessary rights in the properties, we may be unable to proceed with exploration, development or exploitation activities on the properties described herein.
 
Indonesian mining regulations do not currently permit KP’s to be held by non-Indonesian companies or by Indonesian companies which are wholly or partly owned by non-Indonesian persons or entities. Therefore, in order for a non-Indonesian entity such as us to have mining rights on properties in Indonesia, it is necessary to establish special contractual arrangements. We believe that the contractual arrangements we have established, which involve selecting and entering into agreements with Indonesian individuals who act as our nominees in acquiring ownership interests in the KP’s, represent a well established and accepted shed procedure which has been used by many other foreign companies which are currently conducting mining operations in Indonesia. However, there is no assurance that the contractual arrangements we have established are adequate to give us rights to explore, develop and exploit the properties or that our rights in such properties would be upheld in the event of a legal challenge by governmental officials or by a third party. Any challenge to the contractual arrangements we have established could delay the exploration or development of the properties and could ultimately result in the loss of any right or interest in such properties.    
 
20

 
Due to variability in coal prices and in our cost of producing coal, as well as certain contractual commitments, we may be unable to sell coal at a profit.
 
In the event we are able to commence coal production from our properties, we will plan to sell any coal we produce for a specified tonnage amount and at a negotiated price pursuant to short-term and long-term contracts. Price adjustment, "price reopener" and other similar provisions in long-term supply agreements may reduce the protection from short-term coal price volatility traditionally provided by such contracts. Any adjustment or renegotiation leading to a significantly lower contract price would result in decreased revenues and lower our gross margins. Coal supply agreements also typically contain force majeure provisions allowing temporary suspension of performance by us or our customers during the duration of specified events beyond the control of the affected party. Most coal supply agreements contain provisions requiring us to deliver coal meeting quality thresholds for certain characteristics such as Btu, sulfur content, ash content, hardness and ash fusion temperature. Failure to meet these specifications could result in economic penalties, including price adjustments, the rejection of deliveries or, in the extreme, termination of the contracts. Consequently, due to the risks mentioned above with respect to long-term supply agreements, we may not achieve the revenue or profit we expect to achieve from any such future sales commitments. In addition, we may not be able to successfully convert these future sales commitments into long-term supply agreements.
 
The coal industry is highly competitive and includes many large national and international resource companies. There is no assurance that we will be able to effectively compete in this industry and our failure to compete effectively could cause our business to fail or could reduce our revenue and margins and prevent us from achieving profitability.
 
In the event we are able to produce coal, we will be in competition for sale of our coal with numerous large producers and hundreds of small producers who operate globally. The markets in which we may seek to sell our coal are highly competitive and are affected by factors beyond our control. There is no assurance of demand for any coal we are able to produce, and the prices that we may be able to obtain will depend primarily on global coal consumption patterns, which in turn are affected by the demand for electricity, coal transportation costs, environmental and other governmental regulations and orders, technological developments and the availability and price of competing alternative energy sources such as oil, natural gas, nuclear energy and hydroelectric energy. In addition, during the mid-1970s and early 1980s, a growing coal market and increased demand for coal attracted new investors to the coal industry and spurred the development of new mines and added production capacity throughout the industry. Although demand for coal has grown over the recent past, the industry has since been faced with overcapacity, which in turn has increased competition and lowered prevailing coal prices. Moreover, because of greater competition for electricity and increased pressure from customers and regulators to lower electricity prices, public utilities are lowering fuel costs and requiring competitive prices on their purchases of coal. Accordingly, there is no assurance that we will be able to produce coal at competitive prices or that we will be able to sell any coal we produce for a profit. Our inability to compete effectively in the global market for coal would cause our business to fail.
 
Our inability to diversify our operations may subject us to economic fluctuations within our industry.
 
Our limited financial resources reduce the likelihood that we will be able to diversify our operations. Our probable inability to diversify our activities into more than one business area will subject us to economic fluctuations within the coal industry and therefore increase the risks associated with our operations.
 
We rely heavily on our senior management, the loss of which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
Our future success is dependent on having capable seasoned executives with the necessary business knowledge and relationships to execute our business plan. Accordingly, the services of our management team, specifically, Martin Hurley, our Chief Executive Officer, who serves pursuant to an employment agreement, and Jorge Nigaglioni, our Chief Financial Officer, who serves pursuant to an employment agreement, and our board of directors are deemed essential to maintaining the continuity of our operations. If we were to lose their services, our business could be materially adversely affected. Our performance will also depend on our ability to find, hire, train, motivate and retain other executive officers and key employees, of which there can be no assurance.
 
21

 
Because our assets and operations are located outside the United States and a majority of our officers and directors are non-United States citizens living outside of the United States, investors may experience difficulties in attempting to enforce judgments based upon United States federal securities laws against us and our directors. United States laws and/or judgments might not be enforced against us in foreign jurisdictions.
 
All of our operations are conducted through a subsidiary corporation organized and located outside of the United States, and all the assets of such subsidiary corporation are located outside the United States. In addition, all of our officers and directors, other than our Chief Financial Officer, Jorge Nigaglioni, are foreign citizens. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for United States investors to enforce judgments of United States courts for civil liabilities against us or against any of our individual directors or officers. In addition, United States investors should not assume that courts in the countries in which our subsidiary is incorporated or where the assets of our subsidiary are located would enforce judgments of United States courts obtained in actions against us or our subsidiary based upon the civil liability provisions of applicable United States federal and state securities laws or would enforce, in original actions, liabilities against us or our subsidiary based upon these laws.
 
Risks Related to the Coal Business
 
The international coal industry is highly cyclical, which will subject us to fluctuations in prices for any coal we produce.
 
In the event we are able to produce coal, we will be exposed to swings in the demand for coal, which will have an impact on the prices for our coal. The demand for coal products and, thus, the financial condition and results of operations of companies in the coal industry, including us, are generally affected by macroeconomic fluctuations in the world economy and the domestic and international demand for energy. In recent years, the price of coal has been at historically high levels, but these price levels may not continue. Any material decrease in demand for coal could have a material adverse effect on our operations and profitability.
 
The price of coal is driven by the global market. It is affected by changing requirements of customers based on their needs and the price of alternative sources of energy such as natural gas and oil.
 
In the event that we are able to begin producing coal, our success will depend upon maintaining a consistent margin on our coal sales to pay our costs of mining and capital expenditures. We intend to seek to control our costs of operations, but pressures by government policies and the price of substitutes could drive the price of coal down to make it unprofitable for us. The price of coal is controlled by the global market and we will be dependent on both economic and government policies to maintain the price above our future cost structure.
 
Logistics costs could increase and limit our ability to sell coal to end customers economically.
 
Logistics costs represent a significant portion of the total cost of coal and, as a result, the cost of transportation is a critical factor in a customer’s purchasing decision. Increases in transportation costs could make coal a less competitive source of energy or could make some of our operations less competitive than other sources of coal. Our future coal production, if any, will depend upon barge, trucking, pipeline and ocean-going vessels to deliver coal to markets. While coal customers typically arrange and pay for transportation of coal from the mine or port to the point of use, disruption of these transportation services because of weather-related problems, infrastructure damage, capacity restraints, strikes, lock-outs, lack of fuel or maintenance items, transportation delays or other events could temporarily impair our ability to supply coal to our customers and thus could adversely affect our results of operations.  
 
Operating a mine has hazardous risks that can delay and increase the costs of production.
 
Our mining operations, if any, will be subject to conditions that can impact the safety of the workforce, or delay production and deliveries or increase the full cost of mining. These conditions include fires and explosions from methane gas or coal dust; accidental discharges; weather, flooding and natural disasters; unexpected maintenance problems; key equipment failures; variations in coal seam thickness; variations in the amount of rock and soil overlying the coal deposit; variations in rock and other natural materials and variations in geologic conditions. Despite our efforts, once operational, significant mine accidents could occur and have a substantial impact.
 
22

 
A shortage of skilled labor in the mining industry could pose a risk to achieving optimal labor productivity and competitive costs, which could adversely affect our profitability.
 
Efficient coal mining using modern techniques and equipment requires skilled laborers, preferably with at least a year of experience and proficiency in multiple mining tasks. In order to support our planned production opportunities, we intend to sponsor both in-house and vocational coal mining programs at the local level in order to train additional skilled laborers. In the event the shortage of experienced labor continues or worsens or we are unable to train the necessary amount of skilled laborers, there could be an adverse impact on our future labor productivity and costs and our ability to commence production and therefore have a material adverse effect on our earnings.
 
The coal industry could have overcapacity which would affect the price of coal and in turn, would impact our ability to realize a profit from future coal sales.
 
Current prices of alternative fuels such as oil are at high levels, spurring demand and investment in coal. This can lead to over investment and over capacity in the sector, dropping the price of coal to unprofitable levels. Such an occurrence would adversely affect our ability to commence mining operations or to realize a profit from any future coal sales we may seek to make.
 
Environmental pressures could increase and accelerate requirements for cleaner coal or coal processing.
 
Environmental pressures could drive potential purchasers of coal to either push the price of coal down in order to compete in the energy market or move to alternative energy supplies therefore reducing demand for coal. Requirements to have cleaner mining operations could lead to higher costs for us which could hamper our ability to make future sales at a profitable level. Coal plants emit carbon dioxide, sulfur and nitrate particles to the air. Various countries have imposed cleaner air legislations in order to minimize those emissions. Some technologies are available to do so, but also increase the price of energy derived by coal. Such an increase will drive customers to make a choice on whether or not to use coal as their driver for energy production.
 
Risks Related to Doing Business in Indonesia
 
We face the risk that changes in the policies of the Indonesian government could have a significant impact upon the business we may be able to conduct in Indonesia and the profitability of such business.
 
Indonesia’s economy as it relates to coal is in a transition. Indonesia has recently reduced taxation on the import of mining equipment and on the export of coal. Those changes make doing business in Indonesia more favorable, but such regulations can change in the future, and could have the effect of limiting the financial viability of our operations. Other-in country regulations could increase costs of operations, limit export quotas or net trade.
 
Inflation in Indonesia could negatively affect our profitability and growth.
 
Indonesia’s rapid climb amongst the world exporters of coal can drive increased competition and access to resources can lead to higher costs. Indonesia has kept inflation in the 6% range per annum, but constant interest rate cuts by the central bank to spur investment can lead to quicker inflation hikes. We will monitor inflation and adjust cost structures as necessary, but market pressures on resources could possibly result in operating delays.
 
We may experience currency fluctuation and longer exchange rate payment cycles.
 
The local currencies in the countries in which we intend to seek to sell our products may fluctuate in value in relation to other currencies. Such fluctuations may affect the cost of our product sold and the value of our local currency profits. While we are not conducting any operations in countries other than Indonesia at the present time, we may expand to other countries and may then have an increased risk of exposure of our business to currency fluctuation.
 
23

 
Terrorist threats and civil unrest in Indonesia may negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
Our business is affected by general economic conditions, fluctuations in consumer confidence and spending, and market liquidity, which can decline as a result of numerous factors outside of our control,  such as terrorist attacks and acts of war. Our business also may be affected by civil unrest and individuals who engage in activities intended to disrupt our business operations. Future terrorist attacks against Indonesia or the interests of the United Kingdom or other Western nations in Indonesia, rumors or threats of war, actual conflicts involving Indonesia, the United Kingdom, or their allies, or military or trade disruptions affecting our customers may materially adversely affect our operations. As a result, there could be delays or losses in future transportation and deliveries of coal to our customers, decreased future sales of our coal and extension of time for payment of accounts receivable from our customers. Strategic targets such as energy-related assets may be at greater risk of future terrorist attacks than other targets in Indonesia. In addition, disruption or significant increases in energy prices could result in government-imposed price controls. It is possible that any, or a combination, of these occurrences could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
Environmental disasters like earthquakes and tsunamis in Indonesia may negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
The coal concessions which we intend to operate in Indonesia are subject to natural disasters that can delay our drilling efforts to get certified measurements of the properties coal reserves, destroy infrastructure required for production and create delays in delivering product to our end customers. These impacts will require us to adjust our operations and may be financially detrimental to our success.
 
Risks Relating to Public Company Compliance Requirements
 
Public company compliance may make it more difficult to attract and retain officers and directors.
 
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and new rules subsequently implemented by the Commission have required changes in corporate governance practices of public companies. As a public entity, we expect these new rules and regulations to increase compliance costs and to make certain activities more time consuming and costly. As a public entity, we also expect that these new rules and regulations may make it more difficult and expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance in the future and it may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve as directors or as executive officers.
 
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock
 
Our stock price may be volatile.
 
The market price of our common stock is likely to be highly volatile and could fluctuate widely in price in response to various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including the following:
 
·  
technological innovations or new products and services by us or our competitors;
 
·  
additions or departures of key personnel;
 
·  
limited “public float” following the reorganization transaction, in the hands of a small number of persons whose sales or lack of sales could result in positive or negative pricing pressure on the market price for the common stock;
 
24

 
·  
our ability to execute our business plan;
 
·  
operating results that fall below expectations;
 
·  
loss of any strategic relationship;
 
·  
industry developments;
 
·  
economic and other external factors; and
 
·  
period-to-period fluctuations in our financial results.  
 
In addition, the securities markets have from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
 
There is currently no liquid trading market for our common stock and we cannot ensure that one will ever develop or be sustained.
 
Our common stock is currently approved for quotation on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board maintained by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., or the OTC Bulletin Board, trading under the symbol “KALG.OB.” However, there is limited trading activity and not currently a liquid trading market. There is no assurance as to when or whether a liquid trading market will develop, and if such a market does develop, there is no assurance that it will be maintained. Furthermore, for companies whose securities are quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, it is more difficult to obtain accurate quotations, to obtain coverage for significant news events because major wire services generally do not publish press releases about such companies, and to obtain needed capital. As a result, purchasers of our common stock may have difficulty selling their shares in the public market, and the market price may be subject to significant volatility.
 
Offers or availability for sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock may cause the price of our common stock to decline or could affect our ability to raise additional working capital
 
If our current stockholders seek to sell substantial amounts of common stock in the public market either upon expiration of any required holding period under Rule 144 or pursuant to an effective registration statement, it could create a circumstance commonly referred to as “overhang,” in anticipation of which the market price of our common stock could fall substantially. The existence of an overhang, whether or not sales have occurred or are occurring, also could make it more difficult for us to raise additional financing in the future through sale of securities at a time and price that we deem acceptable.    
 
Our common stock is currently deemed to be “penny stock”, which makes it more difficult for investors to sell their shares.
 
Our common stock is currently subject to the “penny stock” rules adopted under Section 15(g) of the Securities Exchange Act or 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. The penny stock rules apply to companies whose common stock is not listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market or other national securities exchange and trades at less than $5.00 per share or that have tangible net worth of less than $5,000,000 ($2,000,000 if the company has been operating for three or more years). These rules require, among other things, that brokers who trade penny stock to persons other than “established customers” complete certain documentation, make suitability inquiries of investors and provide investors with certain information concerning trading in the security, including a risk disclosure document and quote information under certain circumstances. Many brokers have decided not to trade penny stocks because of the requirements of the penny stock rules and, as a result, the number of broker-dealers willing to act as market makers in such securities is limited. If we remain subject to the penny stock rules for any significant period, it could have an adverse effect on the market, if any, for our securities. If our securities are subject to the penny stock rules, investors will find it more difficult to dispose of our securities.
 
25

 
The elimination of monetary liability against our directors, officers and employees under Delaware law and the existence of indemnification rights to our directors, officers and employees may result in substantial expenditures by us and may discourage lawsuits against our directors, officers and employees.
 
Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, does not contain any specific provisions that eliminate the liability of our directors for monetary damages to us and our stockholders. However, we are prepared to give such indemnification to our directors and officers to the fullest extent provided by Delaware law. We may also have contractual indemnification obligations under its employment agreements with its executive officers. The foregoing indemnification obligations could result in us incurring substantial expenditures to cover the cost of settlement or damage awards against directors and officers, which we may be unable to recoup. These provisions and resultant costs may also discourage us from bringing a lawsuit against directors and officers for breaches of their fiduciary duties and may similarly discourage the filing of derivative litigation by our stockholders against our directors and officers even though such actions, if successful, might otherwise us and our stockholders.
Item 3. Controls and Procedures
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that any system of controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as ours are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures.
 
Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB. Based upon their evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, and to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) that occurred during the quarterly period ended November 30, 2007 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Section 404 Compliance
 
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires management's review and evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting beginning with our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2008, and an attestation of the effectiveness of these controls by our independent registered public accounting firm beginning with our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2009. We plan to dedicate significant resources, including management time and effort, and to incur substantial costs in connection with our Section 404 assessment. We will continue to work to improve our controls and procedures, and to educate and train our employees on our existing controls and procedures in connection with our efforts to maintain an effective controls infrastructure.
 
26

 
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
 
Since October 18, 2007, we have entered into subscription agreements with 11 investors pursuant to which we agreed to sell an aggregate of 8,216,733 shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $0.15 per share, which will result in net proceeds to us of approximately $1,232,510. The closing of the private placement transaction is expected to occur in January 2008.
 
The shares of common stock sold in the private placement were offered and sold in reliance upon exemptions from registration pursuant to Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act. The shares of our common stock were offered and sold in “offshore transactions,” as defined in Regulation S, and no “directed selling efforts,” as defined in Regulation S, were made in the United States by us, a distributor of our shares of common stock, any of their or our respective affiliates, or any person acting on behalf of any of the foregoing. In addition, the subscription agreements contain representations to support our reasonable belief that the investors in the private placement were non-“U.S. persons,” as defined by Regulation S.
 
We intend to use the proceeds from the private placement to proceed with Phase II drilling in the coal concessions with the remainder being applied towards general corporate purposes, including acquisitions, marketing, office expansion and working capital.
 
Item 5. Other Information.
 
On September 12, 2007, we acquired Finchley Resources Pte. Ltd., or Finchley, by assuming its liabilities and expenses, via a transfer of stock from its sole owner. Finchley is a corporation that was formed under the laws of the Republic of Singapore on August 13, 2007. The only expenditures incurred by Finchley were those in association with its formation. We assumed a total of $209 in liabilities from this transaction.
 
ITEM 6. Exhibits.
 
The exhibits set forth below are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB:
 
Exhibit
Number
 
 
Description
     
31.1
 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.*
     
31.2
 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.*
     
32.1
 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b)/15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.*
     
32.2
 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b)/15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.*

* Filed herewith

27

 
SIGNATURES

In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
KAL ENERGY, INC.
     
Dated: January 14, 2008
 
/s/ Martin Hurley
 
 
Martin Hurley
Chief Executive Officer
     
     
Dated: January 14, 2008
 
/s/ Jorge Nigaglioni
 
 
Jorge Nigaglioni
Chief Financial Officer
 
28

EX-31.1 2 v099475_ex31-1.htm
EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Martin Hurley, certify that:

 
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB of KAL Energy, Inc.;
 
 
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statement made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
 
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
 
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:
 
 
(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
 
(b)
[Paragraph omitted pursuant to SEC Release Nos. 33-8760 and 34-54942]
 
 
(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
 
(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
 
 
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
 
(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
 
(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
     
Date: January 14, 2008   /s/ Martin Hurley
 
Martin Hurley
 
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 

 
EX-31.2 3 v099475_ex31-2.htm
EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Jorge Nigaglioni, certify that:
 
 
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB of KAL Energy, Inc.;
 
 
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statement made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
 
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
 
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:
 
 
(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
 
(b)
[Paragraph omitted pursuant to SEC Release Nos. 33-8760 and 34-54942]
 
 
(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
 
(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
 
 
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
 
(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
 
(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
     
Date: January 14, 2008    /s/ Jorge Nigaglioni
 
Jorge Nigaglioni
 
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
 
 

 
EX-32.1 4 v099475_ex32-1.htm
EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULE 13a-14(b)/15d-14(b) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 AND
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
 
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB of KAL Energy, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2007 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Martin Hurley, certify, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. 1350, that to the best of my knowledge:

 
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 
(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

     
Date: January 14, 2008   /s/ Martin Hurley
 
Martin Hurley
 
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)


This certification accompanies this Report pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or 15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and shall not be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 
 
 
 

 
EX-32.2 5 v099475_ex32-2.htm

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULE 13a-14(b)/15d-14(b) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 AND
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB of KAL Energy, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2007 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jorge Nigaglioni, certify, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. 1350, that to the best of my knowledge:

 
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 
(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
     
Date: January 14, 2008   /s/ Jorge Nigaglioni
 
Jorge Nigaglioni
 
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

 
This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or 15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and shall not be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 
 
 

 
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