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Intangible Assets and Goodwill
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets and Goodwill INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL
Intangible assets consisted of the following at December 31, 2023 and 2022: 
 20232022
(in millions)Assigned ValueAccumulated
Amortization
Net Book
Value
Assigned ValueAccumulated
Amortization
Net Book
Value
Amortizable Intangible Assets:
Clearing firm, market data and other customer relationships $4,694.4 $(2,124.9)$2,569.5 $4,685.8 $(1,909.7)$2,776.1 
Technology-related intellectual property62.5 (62.2)0.3 62.5 (55.8)6.7 
Other71.6 (41.2)30.4 69.5 (32.6)36.9 
Total Amortizable Intangible Assets$4,828.5 $(2,228.3)$2,600.2 $4,817.8 $(1,998.1)$2,819.7 
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets:
Trade names450.0 450.0 
Total Intangible Assets—Other, Net$3,050.2 $3,269.7 
Trading products (1)
$17,175.3 $17,175.3 
 _______________
(1)Trading products represent futures and options products acquired in our business combinations with CBOT Holdings, Inc., NYMEX Holdings, Inc. and The Board of Trade of Kansas City, Missouri, Inc. Clearing and transaction fees are generated through the trading of these products. These trading products, most of which have traded for decades, require authorization from the CFTC. Product authorizations from the CFTC have no term limits.
The originally assigned useful lives for the amortizable intangible assets as of December 31, 2023 are as follows:
Clearing firm, market data and other customer relationships5 - 30 years
Technology-related intellectual property5 - 9 years
Other3 - 24.5 years
Total amortization expense for intangible assets was $226.6 million, $227.7 million and $237.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the future estimated amortization expense related to amortizable intangible assets is expected to be as follows:  
(in millions) 
2024$222.2 
2025222.2 
2026222.2 
2027220.9 
2028214.5 
Thereafter1,498.2 
Goodwill activity consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:
(in millions)Balance at December 31, 2022
Other
Activity (1)
Balance at December 31, 2023
CBOT Holdings$5,066.4 $— $5,066.4 
NYMEX Holdings2,462.2 — 2,462.2 
NEX2,913.5 17.3 2,930.8 
Other40.4 (4.5)35.9 
Total Goodwill$10,482.5 $12.8 $10,495.3 
(in millions)Balance at December 31, 2021
Other
Activity (1)
Balance at December 31, 2022
CBOT Holdings$5,066.4 $— $5,066.4 
NYMEX Holdings2,462.2 — 2,462.2 
NEX2,959.0 (45.5)2,913.5 
Other40.4 — 40.4 
Total Goodwill$10,528.0 $(45.5)$10,482.5 
 _______________
1) Other activity includes currency translation adjustments.