Pay vs Performance Disclosure

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2021

USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2020

USD ($)

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Pay vs Performance [Table Text Block]

Pay Versus Performance

Our Pay Versus Performance disclosure has been prepared in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K. The “Compensation Actually Paid” (“CAP”) values shown in the required table below are calculated in accordance with SEC rules and do not reflect the actual amount of compensation realized during the applicable year by our Principal Executive Officer (“PEO”) and our other Non-PEO Named Executive Officers (“Other NEOs”) or how we evaluate compensation decisions in light of Company or individual performance. For information on our executive compensation objectives, philosophy and design, please refer to our Compensation Discussion and Analysis beginning on page 39.

Pay Versus Performance Table

The following tables and related disclosures provide information about the total compensation of our PEO and our Other NEOs as presented in the Summary Compensation Table on pages 65-66, the “CAP” to our PEO and our Other NEOs, as calculated in accordance with SEC rules, certain financial performance measures, and the relationship of the CAP to those financial performance measures.

Year	Summary Compensation Total for PEO ($) (a)(1)		Compensation Actually Paid to PEO ($) (b)(3)		Average Summary Compensation Table Total For Other NEOs ($) (c)(2)		Average Compensation Actually Paid to Other NEOs ($) (d)(3)		Value of Initial Fixed $100 Investment Based on:				Net Income (in $M) ($) (g)(6)		ROE    (%) (h)(7)
									Total Shareholder Return ($) (e)(4)		Peer Group Total Shareholder Return ($) (f)(5)
2022		16,706,862		22,607,003		6,358,409		8,465,219		165.25		135.10		1,381		20.80
2021		14,147,305		18,033,553		5,466,938		6,846,425		123.39		116.45		1,022		16.20
2020		9,982,728		9,120,114		4,039,710		3,714,259		96.86		101.07		531		8.70

(1) This column reflects the amounts reported in the “Total” column of the Summary Compensation Table for our PEO, Mr. Rob Berkley, for each of the years presented, which include amounts representing (i) the maximum potential values of the performance-based RSU awards, and (ii) amounts contingently earned during 2022 from LTIP awards granted prior to 2023.

(2) This column reflects the average of the respective amounts reported in the “Total” column of the Summary Compensation Table for our Other NEOs, Messrs. Wm. Berkley, Baio and Shiel and Ms. Sgaglione for each of the years presented, which include amounts representing (i) the maximum potential values of the performance-based RSU awards, and (ii) amounts contingently earned during 2022 from LTIP awards granted prior to 2023.

(3)  “Compensation Actually Paid” and “Average Compensation Actually Paid” as set forth in the respective columns is calculated in accordance with rules prescribed by the SEC and does not reflect the actual amounts realized or that may be realized by the PEO or the Other NEOs, as applicable. The amounts set forth may be more or less than the amount actually realized by the PEO or the Other NEOs based upon, among other things, whether the Company achieves certain performance goals with respect to performance-based RSUs and LTIP awards and the value of our common stock underlying mandatorily deferred performance-based RSUs. Furthermore, all of the stock awards included in the above table are performance-based RSUs. Performance-based RSUs are earned over a five-year period. In addition, the issuance of vested shares underlying performance-based RSUs are mandatorily deferred until separation from service. To promote long-term alignment with our stockholders, our executives have no ability to monetize their vested shares prior to their separation from the Company. Accordingly, the potential value of the mandatorily deferred RSUs that the executive realizes remains at risk to a decline in the value of the Company’s stock.

The amounts deducted or added in calculating the equity award adjustments required under the rules prescribed by the SEC are as set forth in the following table. For the periods covered, no individual awards were granted and vested in the same year, no individual awards were forfeited, and no dividends or other earnings were paid on unvested awards. The Company does not have any pension benefits.

	2020				2021				2022
	PEO ($)		Average Other NEOs ($)		PEO ($)		Average Other NEOs ($)		PEO ($)		Average Other NEOs ($)
Total Compensation as reported in Summary Compensation Table (SCT Total)		9,982,728		4,039,710		14,147,305		5,466,938		16,706,862		6,358,409
Adjustments for stock awards
(Deduct): Aggregate value for stock awards included in SCT Total for the covered fiscal year		-3,575,058		-1,285,661		-3,850,030		-1,375,011		-3,850,038		-1,375,049
Add: Fair value at year end of awards granted during the covered fiscal year that were outstanding and unvested at the covered fiscal year end		3,875,873		1,393,840		4,266,649		1,523,803		4,247,450		1,516,985
Add (Deduct): Year-over-year change in fair value at covered fiscal year end of awards granted in any prior fiscal year that were outstanding and unvested at the covered fiscal year end		-544,669		-191,096		2,900,711		1,034,070		4,424,190		1,584,085
Add: Fair value at year end of awards granted during the covered fiscal year that vested during the covered fiscal year end		—		—		—		—		—		—
Add (Deduct): Change as of the vesting date (from the end of the prior fiscal year) in fair value of awards granted in any prior fiscal year for which vesting conditions were satisfied during the covered fiscal year		-618,760		-242,534		568,918		196,625		1,078,539		380,789
(Deduct): Fair value of awards granted in any prior fiscal year that failed to vest during the covered fiscal year		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Adjustments		-862,614		-325,451		3,886,248		1,379,487		5,900,141		2,106,810
Compensation Actually Paid (CAP)		9,120,114		3,714,259		18,033,553		6,846,425		22,607,003		8,465,219

(4) Assumes $100 invested in our common stock on December 31, 2019, the last trading day before the start of 2020, through the last trading day for the applicable year in the table, including reinvestment of dividends.

(5)  Assumes $100 invested in the peer group identified on page 50, on December 31, 2019, the last trading day before the start of 2020, through the last trading day for the applicable year in the table, including reinvestment of dividends. The peer group remained constant from 2020-2022, except that in 2021, the Compensation Committee removed The Progressive Corporation from the peer group and added The Allstate Corporation and Kemper Corporation, and in 2022 Alleghany Corporation was acquired on October 19, 2022. The peer group TSR is weighted according to the respective companies’ stock market capitalization at the beginning of each period for which a return is indicated.

(6)  Net income as reported for each year in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(7)  ROE (which represents net income expressed as a percentage of beginning of year common stockholders’ equity) was determined to be the most important financial performance measure for 2022 and therefore was selected as the 2022 “Company-Selected Measure.”

Company Selected Measure Name

ROE

Named Executive Officers, Footnote [Text Block]

This column reflects the average of the respective amounts reported in the “Total” column of the Summary Compensation Table for our Other NEOs, Messrs. Wm. Berkley, Baio and Shiel and Ms. Sgaglione for each of the years presented, which include amounts representing (i) the maximum potential values of the performance-based RSU awards, and (ii) amounts contingently earned during 2022 from LTIP awards granted prior to 2023.

Peer Group Issuers, Footnote [Text Block]

Assumes $100 invested in the peer group identified on page 50, on December 31, 2019, the last trading day before the start of 2020, through the last trading day for the applicable year in the table, including reinvestment of dividends. The peer group remained constant from 2020-2022, except that in 2021, the Compensation Committee removed The Progressive Corporation from the peer group and added The Allstate Corporation and Kemper Corporation, and in 2022 Alleghany Corporation was acquired on October 19, 2022. The peer group TSR is weighted according to the respective companies’ stock market capitalization at the beginning of each period for which a return is indicated.

PEO Total Compensation Amount

$ 16,706,862

$ 14,147,305

$ 9,982,728

PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount

$ 22,607,003

18,033,553

9,120,114

Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote [Text Block]

	2020				2021				2022
	PEO ($)		Average Other NEOs ($)		PEO ($)		Average Other NEOs ($)		PEO ($)		Average Other NEOs ($)
Total Compensation as reported in Summary Compensation Table (SCT Total)		9,982,728		4,039,710		14,147,305		5,466,938		16,706,862		6,358,409
Adjustments for stock awards
(Deduct): Aggregate value for stock awards included in SCT Total for the covered fiscal year		-3,575,058		-1,285,661		-3,850,030		-1,375,011		-3,850,038		-1,375,049
Add: Fair value at year end of awards granted during the covered fiscal year that were outstanding and unvested at the covered fiscal year end		3,875,873		1,393,840		4,266,649		1,523,803		4,247,450		1,516,985
Add (Deduct): Year-over-year change in fair value at covered fiscal year end of awards granted in any prior fiscal year that were outstanding and unvested at the covered fiscal year end		-544,669		-191,096		2,900,711		1,034,070		4,424,190		1,584,085
Add: Fair value at year end of awards granted during the covered fiscal year that vested during the covered fiscal year end		—		—		—		—		—		—
Add (Deduct): Change as of the vesting date (from the end of the prior fiscal year) in fair value of awards granted in any prior fiscal year for which vesting conditions were satisfied during the covered fiscal year		-618,760		-242,534		568,918		196,625		1,078,539		380,789
(Deduct): Fair value of awards granted in any prior fiscal year that failed to vest during the covered fiscal year		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Adjustments		-862,614		-325,451		3,886,248		1,379,487		5,900,141		2,106,810
Compensation Actually Paid (CAP)		9,120,114		3,714,259		18,033,553		6,846,425		22,607,003		8,465,219

Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount

$ 6,358,409

5,466,938

4,039,710

Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount

$ 8,465,219

6,846,425

3,714,259

Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote [Text Block]

	2020				2021				2022
	PEO ($)		Average Other NEOs ($)		PEO ($)		Average Other NEOs ($)		PEO ($)		Average Other NEOs ($)
Total Compensation as reported in Summary Compensation Table (SCT Total)		9,982,728		4,039,710		14,147,305		5,466,938		16,706,862		6,358,409
Adjustments for stock awards
(Deduct): Aggregate value for stock awards included in SCT Total for the covered fiscal year		-3,575,058		-1,285,661		-3,850,030		-1,375,011		-3,850,038		-1,375,049
Add: Fair value at year end of awards granted during the covered fiscal year that were outstanding and unvested at the covered fiscal year end		3,875,873		1,393,840		4,266,649		1,523,803		4,247,450		1,516,985
Add (Deduct): Year-over-year change in fair value at covered fiscal year end of awards granted in any prior fiscal year that were outstanding and unvested at the covered fiscal year end		-544,669		-191,096		2,900,711		1,034,070		4,424,190		1,584,085
Add: Fair value at year end of awards granted during the covered fiscal year that vested during the covered fiscal year end		—		—		—		—		—		—
Add (Deduct): Change as of the vesting date (from the end of the prior fiscal year) in fair value of awards granted in any prior fiscal year for which vesting conditions were satisfied during the covered fiscal year		-618,760		-242,534		568,918		196,625		1,078,539		380,789
(Deduct): Fair value of awards granted in any prior fiscal year that failed to vest during the covered fiscal year		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Adjustments		-862,614		-325,451		3,886,248		1,379,487		5,900,141		2,106,810
Compensation Actually Paid (CAP)		9,120,114		3,714,259		18,033,553		6,846,425		22,607,003		8,465,219

Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return [Text Block]

Relationship Between CAP and Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”)

The following chart sets forth the relationship between CAP to our PEO, the average of CAP to our Other NEOs, and the Company’s TSR over the three most recently completed fiscal years. During this period, CAP has been closely aligned with TSR.

Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income [Text Block]

Relationship Between CAP and Net Income

The following chart sets forth the relationship between CAP to our PEO, the average of CAP to our Other NEOs, and the Company’s net income to common stockholders over the three most recently completed fiscal years. During this period, CAP has been closely aligned with net income.

Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure [Text Block]

Relationship Between CAP and Return on Beginning Stockholders’ Equity (“ROE”)

The following chart sets forth the relationship between CAP to our PEO, the average of CAP to our Other NEOs, and the Company’s ROE over the three most recently completed fiscal years. During this period, CAP has been closely aligned with ROE.

Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group [Text Block]

Relationship Between CAP and Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”)

The following chart sets forth the relationship between CAP to our PEO, the average of CAP to our Other NEOs, and the Company’s TSR over the three most recently completed fiscal years. During this period, CAP has been closely aligned with TSR.

Tabular List [Table Text Block]

Most Important Performance Measures

As described in detail in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis on pages 38-58, the Company’s executive compensation program is based on a pay-for performance philosophy. While the Compensation Committee evaluates the Company’s performance across a number of measures, the primary performance measure considered for the Annual Cash Incentive Plan and performance-based RSUs is ROE, as it provides the most complete picture of the Company’s performance in a given year and across time periods, and is well aligned with stockholder interests. The performance measure for current outstanding LTIP awards is the average annual increase in book value per share, as adjusted, during a five-year performance period.

The following table lists the two financial performance measures that, in the Company’s assessment, represent the most important performance measures used to link CAP to Company performance for 2022.

  ROE

  Growth in Book Value Per Share, as adjusted

Total Shareholder Return Amount

$ 165.25

123.39

96.86

Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount

135.1

116.45

101.07

Net Income (Loss)

$ 1,381,000,000

$ 1,022,000,000

$ 531,000,000

Company Selected Measure Amount

0.208

0.162

0.087

PEO Name

Mr. Rob Berkley

Measure [Axis]: 1

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Measure Name

ROE

Non-GAAP Measure Description [Text Block]

ROE (which represents net income expressed as a percentage of beginning of year common stockholders’ equity) was determined to be the most important financial performance measure for 2022 and therefore was selected as the 2022 “Company-Selected Measure.”

Measure [Axis]: 2

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Measure Name

Growth in Book Value Per Share, as adjusted

PEO [Member] | Stock Awards [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

$ (3,850,038)

$ (3,850,030)

$ (3,575,058)

PEO [Member] | Fair Value At Year End Of Awards Granted During The Covered Fiscal Year That Were Outstanding And Unvested At The Covered Fiscal Year End [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

4,247,450

4,266,649

3,875,873

PEO [Member] | YearOverYear Change In Fair Value At Covered Fiscal Year End Of Awards Granted In Any Prior Fiscal Year That Were Outstanding And Unvested At The Covered Fiscal Year End [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

4,424,190

2,900,711

(544,669)

PEO [Member] | Fair Value Of Awards Granted In Any Prior Fiscal Year For Which Vesting Conditions Were Satisfied During The Covered Fiscal Year [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

1,078,539

568,918

(618,760)

PEO [Member] | Total Adjustments [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

5,900,141

3,886,248

(862,614)

Non-PEO NEO [Member] | Stock Awards [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

(1,375,049)

(1,375,011)

(1,285,661)

Non-PEO NEO [Member] | Fair Value At Year End Of Awards Granted During The Covered Fiscal Year That Were Outstanding And Unvested At The Covered Fiscal Year End [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

1,516,985

1,523,803

1,393,840

Non-PEO NEO [Member] | YearOverYear Change In Fair Value At Covered Fiscal Year End Of Awards Granted In Any Prior Fiscal Year That Were Outstanding And Unvested At The Covered Fiscal Year End [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

1,584,085

1,034,070

(191,096)

Non-PEO NEO [Member] | Fair Value Of Awards Granted In Any Prior Fiscal Year For Which Vesting Conditions Were Satisfied During The Covered Fiscal Year [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

380,789

196,625

(242,534)

Non-PEO NEO [Member] | Total Adjustments [Member]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]

Adjustment to Compensation Amount

$ 2,106,810

$ 1,379,487

$ (325,451)