UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from              to             

Commission File Number 001-16707

Prudential Financial, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

New Jersey	22-3703799
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

751 Broad Street

Newark, New Jersey 07102

(973) 802-6000

(Address and Telephone Number of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of the Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	x		Accelerated filer	¨
Non-accelerated filer	¨	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
			Smaller reporting company	¨
			Emerging growth company	¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of July 31, 2018, 417 million shares of the registrant’s Common Stock (par value $0.01) were outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements:
	Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017	1
	Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017	2
	Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017	3
	Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Equity for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017	4
	Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017	5
	Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements	6
	1. Business and Basis of Presentation	6
	2. Significant Accounting Policies and Pronouncements	7
	3. Investments	13
	4. Variable Interest Entities	28
	5. Derivative Instruments	29
	6. Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities	37
	7. Closed Block	63
	8. Income Taxes	65
	9. Short-Term and Long-Term Debt	66
	10. Employee Benefit Plans	68
	11. Equity	69
	12. Earnings Per Share	73
	13. Segment Information	75
	14. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities	79
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	83
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	159
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	159
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	160
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	160
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	160
Item 6.	Exhibits	161
GLOSSARY		162
SIGNATURES		164

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain of the statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “includes,” “plans,” “assumes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “should,” “will,” “shall” or variations of such words are generally part of forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects upon Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries will be those anticipated by management. These forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and there are certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ, possibly materially, from expectations or estimates reflected in such forward-looking statements, including, among others: (1) losses on investments or financial contracts due to deterioration in credit quality or value, or counterparty default; (2) losses on insurance products due to mortality experience, morbidity experience or policyholder behavior experience that differs significantly from our expectations when we price our products; (3) changes in interest rates, equity prices and foreign currency exchange rates that may (a) adversely impact the profitability of our products, the value of separate accounts supporting these products or the value of assets we manage, (b) result in losses on derivatives we use to hedge risk or increase collateral posting requirements and (c) limit opportunities to invest at appropriate returns; (4) guarantees within certain of our products, in particular our variable annuities, which are market sensitive and may decrease our earnings or increase the volatility of our results of operations or financial position; (5) liquidity needs resulting from (a) derivative collateral market exposure, (b) asset/liability mismatches, (c) the lack of available funding in the financial markets or (d) unexpected cash demands due to severe mortality calamity or lapse events; (6) financial or customer losses, or regulatory and legal actions, due to inadequate or failed processes or systems, human error or misconduct, and external events, such as (a) disruption of our systems and data, (b) an information security breach, (c) a failure to protect the privacy of sensitive data or (d) reliance on third-parties, including to distribute our products; (7) changes in the regulatory landscape, including related to (a) regulation under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, (b) changes in tax laws, (c) fiduciary rule developments, (d) U.S. state insurance laws and developments regarding group-wide supervision, capital and reserves, (e) insurer capital standards outside the U.S. and (f) privacy and cybersecurity regulation; (8) technological changes which may adversely impact companies in our investment portfolio or cause insurance experience to deviate from our assumptions; (9) ratings downgrades; (10) market conditions that may adversely affect the sales or persistency of our products; (11) competition; and (12) reputational damage. Prudential Financial, Inc. does not undertake to update any particular forward-looking statement included in this document. See “Risk Factors” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for discussion of certain risks relating to our businesses and investment in our securities.

i

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.Financial Statements

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 (in millions, except share amounts)

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
ASSETS
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost: 2018-$317,548; 2017-$312,385)(1)	$	341,151		$	346,780
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value: 2018-$2,388; 2017-$2,430)(1)	2,020			2,049
Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value (amortized cost: 2018-$2,980; 2017-$3,509)(1)(2)	2,916			3,507
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value(1)(2)	21,497			22,097
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: 2018-$5,374; 2017-$5,154)(1)(2)	7,191			7,329
Commercial mortgage and other loans (includes $330 and $593 measured at fair value under the fair value option at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)(1)	58,622			56,045
Policy loans	11,935			11,891
Other invested assets (includes $5,138 and $3,159 measured at fair value at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)(1)(2)	13,459			13,373
Short-term investments(2)	5,728			6,800
Total investments	464,519			469,871
Cash and cash equivalents(1)	14,918			14,490
Accrued investment income(1)	3,235			3,325
Deferred policy acquisition costs	19,643			18,992
Value of business acquired	2,027			1,591
Other assets(1)	16,860			17,250
Separate account assets	298,658			306,617
TOTAL ASSETS	$	819,860		$	832,136
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Future policy benefits	$	260,435		$	257,317
Policyholders’ account balances	149,359			148,189
Policyholders’ dividends	4,858			6,411
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	9,540			8,400
Cash collateral for loaned securities	4,307			4,354
Income taxes	7,888			9,648
Short-term debt	2,056			1,380
Long-term debt	16,732			17,172
Other liabilities(1)	16,498			16,619
Notes issued by consolidated variable interest entities (includes $609 and $1,196 measured at fair value under the fair value option at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)(1)	937			1,518
Separate account liabilities	298,658			306,617
Total liabilities	771,268			777,625
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES (See Note 14)
EQUITY
Preferred Stock ($.01 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued)	0			0
Common Stock ($.01 par value; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized; 660,111,339 shares issued at both June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017)	6			6
Additional paid-in capital	24,763			24,769
Common Stock held in treasury, at cost (242,400,008 and 230,537,166 shares at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)	(16,905		)	(16,284		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	11,655			17,074
Retained earnings	28,713			28,671
Total Prudential Financial, Inc. equity	48,232			54,236
Noncontrolling interests	360			275
Total equity	48,592			54,511
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	$	819,860		$	832,136

__________

(1) See Note 4 for details of balances associated with variable interest entities.

(2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. See “Adoption of ASU 2016-01” in Note 2 for details.

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

1

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations

Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions, except per share amounts)

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
REVENUES
Premiums	$	7,438		$	8,326		$	14,749		$	14,807
Policy charges and fee income	1,480			725			2,984			2,258
Net investment income	4,096			4,089			8,094			8,150
Asset management and service fees	1,010			973			2,036			1,924
Other income (loss)	(54		)	420			(561		)	637
Realized investment gains (losses), net:
Other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity securities	(58		)	(53		)	(97		)	(110		)
Other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity securities transferred to Other comprehensive income	0			7			0			10
Other realized investment gains (losses), net	743			(1,046		)	1,207			(565		)
Total realized investment gains (losses), net	685			(1,092		)	1,110			(665		)
Total revenues	14,655			13,441			28,412			27,111
BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
Policyholders’ benefits	9,512			8,328			17,187			15,353
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	894			947			1,444			1,887
Dividends to policyholders	540			491			868			1,106
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	613			84			1,201			523
General and administrative expenses	2,846			2,983			5,769			5,892
Total benefits and expenses	14,405			12,833			26,469			24,761
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF OPERATING JOINT VENTURES	250			608			1,943			2,350
Total income tax expense (benefit)	68			125			420			520
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF OPERATING JOINT VENTURES	182			483			1,523			1,830
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, net of taxes	18			13			41			38
NET INCOME (LOSS)	200			496			1,564			1,868
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	3			5			4			8
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.	$	197		$	491		$	1,560		$	1,860
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share-Common Stock:
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	0.46		$	1.13		$	3.66		$	4.28
Diluted earnings per share-Common Stock:
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	0.46		$	1.12		$	3.62		$	4.21
Dividends declared per share of Common Stock	$	0.90		$	0.75		$	1.80		$	1.50

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

2

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions)

	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017		2018			2017
NET INCOME (LOSS)	$	200		$	496	$	1,564		$	1,868
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments for the period	(703		)	45		(41		)	597
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	(3,326		)	2,491		(7,992		)	1,682
Defined benefit pension and postretirement unrecognized periodic benefit (cost)	75			55		129			99
Total	(3,954		)	2,591		(7,904		)	2,378
Less: Income tax expense (benefit) related to other comprehensive income (loss)	(838		)	872		(1,682		)	656
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	(3,116		)	1,719		(6,222		)	1,722
Comprehensive income (loss)	(2,916		)	2,215		(4,658		)	3,590
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(7		)	5		7			(11		)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	(2,909	)	$	2,210	$	(4,665	)	$	3,601

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

3

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Equity

Six Months EndedJune 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions)

	Prudential Financial, Inc. Equity
	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			Common Stock Held In Treasury			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total Prudential Financial, Inc. Equity			Noncontrolling Interests			Total Equity
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	6	$	24,769		$	28,671		$	(16,284	)	$	17,074		$	54,236		$	275		$	54,511
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-01						904						(847		)	57						57
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2018-02						(1,653		)				1,653			0						0
Common Stock acquired									(750		)				(750		)				(750		)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests																		99			99
Distributions to noncontrolling interests																		(21		)	(21		)
Consolidations (deconsolidations) of noncontrolling interests																		0			0
Stock-based compensation programs			(6		)				129						123						123
Dividends declared on Common Stock						(769		)							(769		)				(769		)
Comprehensive income:
Net income (loss)						1,560									1,560			4			1,564
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax												(6,225		)	(6,225		)	3			(6,222		)
Total comprehensive income (loss)															(4,665		)	7			(4,658		)
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	6	$	24,763		$	28,713		$	(16,905	)	$	11,655		$	48,232		$	360		$	48,592
	Prudential Financial, Inc. Equity
	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			Common Stock Held In Treasury			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total Prudential Financial, Inc. Equity			Noncontrolling Interests			Total Equity
Balance, December 31, 2016	$	6	$	24,606		$	21,946		$	(15,316	)	$	14,621		$	45,863		$	225		$	46,088
Cumulative effect of adoption of accounting changes			5			(5		)							0						0
Elimination of Gibraltar Life reporting lag						167									167						167
Common Stock acquired									(625		)				(625		)				(625		)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests																		8			8
Distributions to noncontrolling interests																		(27		)	(27		)
Consolidations (deconsolidations) of noncontrolling interests																		1			1
Stock-based compensation programs			60						200						260						260
Dividends declared on Common Stock						(655		)							(655		)				(655		)
Comprehensive income:
Net income (loss)						1,860									1,860			8			1,868
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax												1,741			1,741			(19		)	1,722
Total comprehensive income (loss)															3,601			(11		)	3,590
Balance, June 30, 2017	$	6	$	24,671		$	23,313		$	(15,741	)	$	16,362		$	48,611		$	196		$	48,807

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

4

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Six Months EndedJune 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions)

	2018			2017
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)	$	1,564		$	1,868
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Realized investment (gains) losses, net	(1,110		)	665
Policy charges and fee income	(1,058		)	(1,263		)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	1,444			1,887
Depreciation and amortization	48			107
(Gains) losses on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net(1)	596			(245		)
Change in:
Deferred policy acquisition costs	(203		)	(957		)
Future policy benefits and other insurance liabilities	5,762			3,949
Income taxes	(96		)	559
Derivatives, net	(1,041		)	(1,490		)
Other, net(1)	769			(369		)
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities(1)	6,675			4,711
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from the sale/maturity/prepayment of:
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale	30,599			28,990
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	56			89
Fixed maturities, trading(1)	410			897
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities(1)	9,650			17,636
Equity securities(1)	1,965			1,984
Commercial mortgage and other loans	2,572			2,630
Policy loans	1,176			1,309
Other invested assets(1)	908			591
Short-term investments(1)	18,190			17,329
Payments for the purchase/origination of:
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale	(34,922		)	(34,153		)
Fixed maturities, trading(1)	(483		)	(1,080		)
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities(1)	(9,560		)	(17,580		)
Equity securities(1)	(1,826		)	(1,646		)
Commercial mortgage and other loans	(5,525		)	(4,494		)
Policy loans	(1,002		)	(915		)
Other invested assets	(1,154		)	(769		)
Short-term investments(1)	(17,138		)	(13,348		)
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired	0			(64		)
Derivatives, net	(271		)	244
Other, net(1)	(134		)	(297		)
Cash flows from (used in) investing activities(1)	(6,489		)	(2,647		)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Policyholders’ account deposits	14,826			13,648
Policyholders’ account withdrawals	(14,076		)	(12,706		)
Net change in securities sold under agreements to repurchase and cash collateral for loaned securities	1,094			914
Cash dividends paid on Common Stock	(769		)	(653		)
Net change in financing arrangements (maturities 90 days or less)	(103		)	46
Common Stock acquired	(739		)	(612		)
Common Stock reissued for exercise of stock options	74			161
Proceeds from the issuance of debt (maturities longer than 90 days)	1,194			321
Repayments of debt (maturities longer than 90 days)	(848		)	(216		)
Other, net	(244		)	(451		)
Cash flows from (used in) financing activities	409			452
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash balances	(71		)	110
NET INCREASE IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS RESTRICTED CASH AND RESTRICTED CASH EQUIVALENT(1)	524			2,626
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS RESTRICTED CASH AND RESTRICTED CASH EQUIVALENT, BEGINNING OF YEAR(1)	14,536			14,181
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS RESTRICTED CASH AND RESTRICTED CASH EQUIVALENT, END OF PERIOD(1)	$	15,060		$	16,807
NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS DURING THE PERIOD
Treasury Stock shares issued for stock-based compensation programs	$	132		$	98
Significant Pension Risk Transfer transactions:
Assets received, excluding cash and cash equivalents	$	0		$	1,294
Liabilities assumed	977			1,685
Net cash received	$	977		$	391
Acquisition:
Assets acquired, excluding cash and cash equivalents	$	0		$	196
Liabilities assumed	0			132
Net cash paid on acquisition	$	0		$	64
RECONCILIATION TO STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
Cash and cash equivalents	$	14,918		$	16,605
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents (included in “Other assets”)	142			202
Total cash, cash equivalents restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents	$	15,060		$	16,807

__________

(1) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. See Note 2 for details.

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

5

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

1. BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Prudential Financial, Inc. (“Prudential Financial”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Prudential” or the “Company”) provide a wide range of insurance, investment management, and other financial products and services to both individual and institutional customers throughout the United States and in many other countries. Principal products and services provided include life insurance, annuities, retirement-related services, mutual funds and investment management.

The Company’s principal operations are comprised of five divisions, which together encompass seven segments, and its Corporate and Other operations. The U.S. Individual Solutions division consists of the Individual Annuities and Individual Life segments. The U.S. Workplace Solutions division consists of the Retirement and Group Insurance segments. The PGIM division is comprised of the PGIM segment, the global investment management businesses of the Company (retitled from the “Investment Management division” and the “Investment Management segment” effective in the second quarter of 2018). The International Insurance division is comprised of the International Insurance segment, and the Closed Block division is comprised of the Closed Block segment. The Closed Block division is accounted for as a divested business that is reported separately from the divested businesses that are included in the Company’s Corporate and Other operations. The Company’s Corporate and Other operations include corporate items and initiatives that are not allocated to business segments and businesses that have been or will be divested, excluding the Closed Block division.

Basis of Presentation

The Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) on a basis consistent with reporting interim financial information in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Prudential Financial, entities over which the Company exercises control, including majority-owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary. See Note 4 for more information on the Company’s consolidated variable interest entities.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position and results of operations have been made. All such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Elimination of Gibraltar Life Reporting Lag

Prior to January 1, 2018, the Company’s Gibraltar Life Insurance Company, Ltd. (“Gibraltar Life”) consolidated operations used a November 30 fiscal year end for purposes of inclusion in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. The result of this reporting date difference was a one-month reporting lag for Gibraltar Life. As a result, the Company’s unaudited interim consolidated balance sheet as of June 30 previously included the assets and liabilities of Gibraltar Life as of May 31, and the Company’s unaudited interim consolidated income statement previously included Gibraltar Life’s results of operations for the three and six months ended May 31.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company converted its Gibraltar Life operations to a December 31 fiscal year end. This action eliminated the one-month reporting lag so that the reporting dates and periods of financial balances and results of Gibraltar Life are consistent with those of the Company. The establishment of a new fiscal year end for Gibraltar Life is considered a change in accounting principle to a preferable method and requires retrospective application. The Company believes this change in accounting principle is preferable given that it aligns the reporting dates of Prudential Financial and its subsidiaries which allows for more timely and consistent basis of reporting the financial position and results of Gibraltar Life. In order to effect this elimination, the Company restated prior periods’ equity which increased “Retained Earnings” by approximately $167 million as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017. The impact to the Statements of Operations, Statements of Cash Flows, Statements of Comprehensive Income and other balance sheet captions, as a result of the elimination of the reporting lag, was not material for any of the periods presented.

6

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The most significant estimates include those used in determining deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”) and related amortization; value of business acquired (“VOBA”) and its amortization; amortization of deferred sales inducements (“DSI”); measurement of goodwill and any related impairment; valuation of investments including derivatives and the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments (“OTTI”); future policy benefits including guarantees; pension and other postretirement benefits; provision for income taxes and valuation of deferred tax assets; and accruals for contingent liabilities, including estimates for losses in connection with unresolved legal and regulatory matters.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRONOUNCEMENTS

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of accounting standards updates (“ASU”) to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASU. ASU listed below include those that have been adopted during the current fiscal year and/or those that have been issued but not yet adopted as of the date of this filing. ASU not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or not material.

Adoption of ASU 2016-01

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Liabilities using a modified retrospective method. Adoption of this ASU impacted the Company’s accounting and presentation related to equity investments. The most significant impact is that the changes in fair value of equity securities previously classified as “available for sale” are to be reported in net income within “Other income” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Prior to this, the changes in fair value on equity securities classified as “available for sale” were reported in “Accumulated other comprehensive income.”

The impacts of this ASU on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements can be categorized as follows: (1) Changes to the presentation within the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position; (2) Cumulative-effect Adjustment Upon Adoption; and (3) Changes to Accounting Policies. Each of these components is described below. This section is meant to serve as an update to, and should be read in conjunction with, Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

(1) Changes to the presentation within the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

Because of the fundamental accounting changes as described in section “—(3) Changes to Accounting Policies” below, the Company determined that changes to the presentation of certain balances in the investment section of the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Position were also necessary to maintain clarity and logical presentation. The table below illustrates these changes by presenting the balances as previously reported in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 and the reclassifications that were made, along with a footnote explanation of each reclassification.

7

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	December 31, 2017
	As previously reported		Reclassifications												As currently reported
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position Line Items			(1)			(2)			(3)			(4)
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value	$	346,780													$	346,780
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	2,049														2,049
* Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value	0								3,507						3,507
Trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities, at fair value	22,097		(22,097		)										0
* Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value	0		22,097												22,097
Other trading account assets, at fair value	5,752								(5,752		)				0
Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value	6,174					(6,174		)							0
* Equity securities, at fair value	0					6,174			1,155						7,329
Commercial mortgage and other loans	56,045														56,045
Policy loans	11,891														11,891
Other long-term investments	12,308											(12,308		)	0
* Other invested assets	0								1,065			12,308			13,373
Short-term investments	6,775								25						6,800
Total investments	$	469,871	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0		$	469,871

* — New line item effective January 1, 2018.

Strikethrough— Eliminated line item effective January 1, 2018.

________

(1) Retitled “Trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities, at fair value” to “Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value” as equity securities are included in this line item, and they can no longer be described as trading.

(2) Retitled “Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value” to “Equity securities, at fair value” as equity securities can no longer be described as available-for-sale.

(3) Eliminated the line item “Other trading account assets, at fair value” and reclassified each component to another line item.

(4) Retitled “Other long-term investments” to “Other invested assets.”

(2) Cumulative-effect Adjustment Upon Adoption

The provisions of ASU 2016-01 require that the Company apply the amendments through a cumulative-effect adjustment to the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The following table illustrates the impact on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as a result of recording this cumulative-effect adjustment on January 1, 2018.

Summary of ASU 2016-01 Transition Impacts on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position upon Adoption on January 1, 2018
(in millions)
	Increase / (Decrease)
Other invested assets	$	229
Total assets	$	229
Policyholders’ dividends	$	157
Income taxes	15
Total liabilities	172
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(847		)
Retained earnings	904
Total equity	57
Total liabilities and equity	$	229

8

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

(3) Changes to Accounting Policies

This section summarizes the changes in our accounting policies resulting from the adoption of ASU 2016-01 as well as an update to the components of the financial statement line items impacted by the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Position presentation changes described above.

ASSETS

Fixed maturities, trading is a new financial statement line item comprised of fixed maturities that are carried at fair value. Prior to the adoption of the standard, these fixed maturities were reported in “Other trading account assets, at fair value.” These fixed maturities are primarily related to assets associated with consolidated variable interest entities for which the Company is the investment manager and the realized and unrealized gains and losses activity are generally offset by changes in the corresponding liabilities. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on these investments are reported in “Other income,” and interest and dividend income from these investments is reported in “Net investment income.”

Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair valueis the new title of the financial statement line item formerly titled “Trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities, at fair value.” This financial statement line item includes invested assets that consist of fixed maturities, equity securities, and short-term investments and cash equivalents, that support certain products included in the Retirement and International Insurance segments which are experience-rated, meaning that the investment results associated with these products are expected to ultimately accrue to contractholders. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on these investments are reported in “Other income,” and interest and dividend income from these investments is reported in “Net investment income.”

Equity securities, at fair value is the new title of the financial statement line item formerly titled “Equity securities, available for sale, at fair value.” As a result of the adoption of the standard, equity securities previously reported in “Other trading account asset, at fair value” were reclassified to “Equity securities, at fair value.” The retitled financial statement line item is comprised of common stock, mutual fund shares and non-redeemable preferred stock, which are carried at fair value. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on these investments are reported in “Other income,” and dividend income is reported in “Net investment income” on the ex-dividend date. Prior to the adoption of the standard, for the equity securities reported in the financial statement line item formerly titled “Equity securities, available for sale, at fair value,” the associated net realized gains and losses were included in “Realized investment gains (losses), net” and the associated net unrealized gains and losses were included in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” (“AOCI”). In addition, with the adoption of the standard, the identification of OTTI for these investments is no longer needed as all of these investments are now measured at fair value with changes in fair value reported in earnings.

Other invested assets is the new title of the financial statement line item formerly titled “Other long-term investments.” Investments previously reported in “Other long-term investments” were reclassified to “Other invested assets.” The retitled financial statement line item consists of the Company’s non-coupon investments in Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies (“LPs/LLCs”) (other than operating joint ventures), wholly-owned investment real estate, derivative assets and other investments. LPs/LLCs interests are accounted for using either the equity method of accounting, or at fair value with changes in fair value reported in “Other income.” Prior to the adoption of the standard, the Company applied the cost method of accounting for certain LPs/LLCs interests when its partnership interest was considered minor. The standard effectively eliminated the cost method of accounting for these equity investments. The Company’s income from investments in LPs/LLCs accounted for using the equity method, other than the Company’s investments in operating joint ventures, is included in “Net investment income.” The carrying value of these investments is written down, or impaired, to fair value when a decline in value is considered to be other-than-temporary. In applying the equity method (including assessment for OTTI), the Company uses financial information provided by the investee, generally on a one to three-month lag. For the investments reported at fair value with changes in fair value reported in current earnings, the associated realized and unrealized gains and losses are reported in “Other income.” The Company consolidates LPs/LLCs in certain other instances where it is deemed to exercise control, or is considered the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. See Note 4 for additional information about VIEs.

REVENUES AND BENEFITS AND EXPENSES

Other income includes realized and unrealized gains or losses from investments reported as “Fixed maturities, trading,” “Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value,” “Equity securities, at fair value,” and “Other invested assets” that are measured at fair value.

9

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Adoption of ASU 2014-09

This section is meant to serve as an update to, and should be read in conjunction with, Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), using a modified retrospective method. The core principle of this ASU is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This core principle is assessed via application of a five-step revenue recognition model that is detailed within the ASU.

There was no material impact to the financial statements at the date of adoption of this ASU. The prospective impact primarily affects revenue recognition policies pertaining to the Company’s investment management business. This revenue is classified within the “Asset management and service fees” line item in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Adoption of this standard has no impact on revenues related to financial instruments and insurance contracts (some of which may be reflected within “Asset management and service fees”) given that these types of revenues were specifically scoped out of this ASU.

“Asset management and service fees” principally includes asset-based asset management fees (which continue to be recognized in the period in which the services are performed) and performance-based incentive fees. Under the previously existing guidance, the Company recorded performance-based incentive fee revenue when the contractual terms of the asset management fee arrangement were satisfied such that the performance fee was no longer subject to clawback or contingency. Under the new guidance, the Company will record this revenue when the contractual terms of the asset management fee arrangement have been satisfied and it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the fee will not occur. Under this principle the Company will continue to record a deferred performance-based incentive fee liability to the extent it receives cash related to the performance-based incentive fee prior to meeting the revenue recognition criteria delineated above.

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, asset management and service fee revenues included $855 million and $1,717 million of asset-based management fees, $6 million and $11 million of performance-based incentive fees, and $149 million and $308 million of other fees. For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, asset management and service fee revenues included $816 million and $1,612 million of asset-based management fees, $5 million and $12 million of performance-based incentive fees, and $152 million and $300 million of other fees. These fees predominantly relate to investment management activities but also include certain asset-based fees associated with insurance contracts. In accordance with the provisions of the ASU, the comparative information for the prior period was not restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for that period.

Other ASU adopted during the six months ended June 30, 2018

10

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Standard	Description	Effective date and method of adoption	Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a Consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force)	This ASU addresses diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The standard provides clarity on the treatment of eight specifically defined types of cash inflows and outflows.	January 1, 2018 using the retrospective method (with early adoption permitted provided that all amendments are adopted in the same period).	Adoption of the ASU did not have a significant impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash	In November 2016, the FASB issued this ASU to address diversity in practice from entities classifying and presenting transfers between cash and restricted cash as operating, investing, or financing activities, or as a combination of those activities in the Statement of Cash Flows. The ASU requires entities to show the changes in the total of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the Statement of Cash Flows. As a result, transfers between such categories will no longer be presented in the Statement of Cash Flows.	January 1, 2018 using the retrospective method (with early adoption permitted).	Adoption of the ASU did not have a significant impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	In February 2018, this ASU was issued following the enactment of the Tax Act of 2017. This ASU allows an entity to elect a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded effects resulting from the Tax Act of 2017.	January 1, 2019 with early adoption permitted. The ASU should be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act of 2017 is recognized.	The Company early adopted the ASU effective January 1, 2018 and elected to apply the ASU in the period of adoption subsequent to recording the adoption impacts of ASU 2016-01 as described above. As a result, the Company reclassified stranded effects resulting from the Tax Act of 2017 by increasing accumulated other comprehensive income and decreasing retained earnings, each by $1,653 million. Stranded effects unrelated to the Tax Act of 2017 are generally released from accumulated other comprehensive income when an entire portfolio of the type of item related to the stranded effect is liquidated, sold or extinguished (i.e., portfolio approach).

ASU issued but not yet adopted as of June 30, 2018

11

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Standard	Description	Effective date and method of adoption	Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)	This ASU ensures that assets and liabilities from all outstanding lease contracts are recognized on the balance sheet (with limited exception). The ASU substantially changes a Lessee’s accounting for leases and requires the recording on balance sheet of a “right-of-use” asset and liability to make lease payments for most leases. A Lessee will continue to recognize expense in its income statement in a manner similar to the requirements under the current lease accounting standard. For Lessors, the standard modifies classification criteria and accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases and requires a Lessor to derecognize the carrying value of the leased asset that is considered to have been transferred to a Lessee and record a lease receivable and residual asset (“receivable and residual” approach). The standard also eliminates the real estate specific provisions of the current standard (i.e., sale-leaseback).	January 1, 2019 using either the modified retrospective method with a cumulative effect adjustment as of the earliest period presented or the optional transition method with a cumulative effect adjustment recorded as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. Early adoption is permitted.	The Company is currently assessing the impact of the ASU on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Upon adoption, we expect to apply the optional transition method and record a right-of-use asset and liability on our balance sheet related to existing operating leases. Any new lease arrangements and/or significant modifications entered into subsequent to the adoption date will be accounted for in accordance with the new standard.
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments	This ASU provides a new current expected credit loss model to account for credit losses on certain financial assets and off-balance sheet exposures (e.g., loans held for investment, debt securities held to maturity, reinsurance receivables, net investments in leases and loan commitments). The model requires an entity to estimate lifetime credit losses related to such financial assets and exposures based on relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. The standard also modifies the current OTTI standard for available-for-sale debt securities to require the use of an allowance rather than a direct write down of the investment, and replaces the existing standard for purchased credit deteriorated loans and debt securities.	January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective method which will include a cumulative-effect adjustment on the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. However, prospective application is required for purchased credit deteriorated assets previously accounted for under ASU 310-30 and for debt securities for which an OTTI was recognized prior to the date of adoption. Early adoption is permitted beginning January 1, 2019.	The Company is currently assessing the impact of the ASU on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment	This ASU simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test in current U.S. GAAP, which measures a goodwill impairment by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of the goodwill. Under the ASU, a goodwill impairment should be recorded for the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value (capped by the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit).	January 1, 2020 using the prospective method (with early adoption permitted).	The Company does not expect the adoption of the ASU to have a significant impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

12

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Standard	Description	Effective date and method of adoption	Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
ASU 2017-08, Receivables -Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20) Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities	This ASU requires certain premiums on callable debt securities to be amortized to the earliest call date.	January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method (with early adoption permitted) which will include a cumulative-effect adjustment on the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption.	The Company does not expect the adoption of the ASU to have a significant impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities	This ASU makes targeted changes to the existing hedge accounting model to better portray the economics of an entity’s risk management activities and to simplify the use of hedge accounting.	January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method (with early adoption permitted) which will include a cumulative-effect adjustment on the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption.	The Company does not expect the adoption of the ASU to have a significant impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

3. INVESTMENTS

Fixed Maturity Securities

The following tables set forth information relating to fixed maturity securities (excluding investments classified as trading), as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		OTTI in AOCI(4)
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	$	22,471	$	2,987	$	613	$	24,845	$	0
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions	9,548		771		40		10,279		0
Foreign government bonds	93,464		15,787		414		108,837		0
U.S. corporate public securities	79,744		4,674		2,058		82,360		(4		)
U.S. corporate private securities(1)	32,171		1,269		556		32,884		(11		)
Foreign corporate public securities	26,949		2,290		355		28,884		(5		)
Foreign corporate private securities	24,099		622		760		23,961		0
Asset-backed securities(2)	12,860		195		24		13,031		(172		)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	13,093		58		305		12,846		0
Residential mortgage-backed securities(3)	3,149		118		43		3,224		(1		)
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1)	$	317,548	$	28,771	$	5,168	$	341,151	$	(193	)

13

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	June 30, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity:
Foreign government bonds	$	878	$	271	$	0	$	1,149
Foreign corporate public securities	662		67		0		729
Foreign corporate private securities(5)	85		3		0		88
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	0		0		0		0
Residential mortgage-backed securities(3)	395		27		0		422
Total fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(5)	$	2,020	$	368	$	0	$	2,388

__________

(1) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $3,666 million (fair value, $3,666 million), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement.

(2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.

(3) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.

(4) Represents the amount of unrealized losses remaining in AOCI, from the impairment measurement date. Amount excludes $409 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities and $1 million of net unrealized gains on impaired held-to-maturity securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.

(5) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $4,753 million (fair value, $4,754 million), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement.

	December 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		OTTI in AOCI(4)
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	$	22,837	$	3,647	$	346	$	26,138	$	0
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions	9,366		1,111		6		10,471		0
Foreign government bonds	88,062		15,650		293		103,419		0
U.S. corporate public securities	81,967		8,671		414		90,224		(10		)
U.S. corporate private securities(1)	31,852		2,051		169		33,734		(13		)
Foreign corporate public securities	26,389		3,118		99		29,408		(5		)
Foreign corporate private securities	23,322		1,242		337		24,227		0
Asset-backed securities(2)	11,965		278		10		12,233		(237		)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	13,134		238		91		13,281		0
Residential mortgage-backed securities(3)	3,491		165		11		3,645		(2		)
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1)	$	312,385	$	36,171	$	1,776	$	346,780	$	(267	)

14

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	December 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity:
Foreign government bonds	$	865	$	265	$	0	$	1,130
Foreign corporate public securities	654		82		0		736
Foreign corporate private securities(5)	84		2		0		86
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	0		0		0		0
Residential mortgage-backed securities(3)	446		32		0		478
Total fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(5)	$	2,049	$	381	$	0	$	2,430

__________

(1) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $2,660 million (fair value, $2,660 million), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement.

(2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.

(3) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.

(4) Represents the amount of unrealized losses remaining in AOCI, from the impairment measurement date. Amount excludes $553 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities and $2 million of net unrealized gains on impaired held-to-maturity securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.

(5) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $4,627 million (fair value, $4,913 million), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement.

The following tables set forth the fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018
	Less Than Twelve Months				Twelve Months or More				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities(1):
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	$	5,105	$	125	$	4,940	$	488	$	10,045	$	613
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions	1,514		25		252		15		1,766		40
Foreign government bonds	5,039		221		2,737		193		7,776		414
U.S. corporate public securities	36,466		1,451		5,579		607		42,045		2,058
U.S. corporate private securities	14,045		382		2,242		174		16,287		556
Foreign corporate public securities	7,626		242		1,348		113		8,974		355
Foreign corporate private securities	9,568		357		3,161		403		12,729		760
Asset-backed securities	6,825		19		285		5		7,110		24
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	6,705		165		2,057		140		8,762		305
Residential mortgage-backed securities	1,149		29		292		14		1,441		43
Total	$	94,042	$	3,016	$	22,893	$	2,152	$	116,935	$	5,168

__________ 

(1) Includes $13 million of fair value and less than $1 million of gross unrealized losses, which are not reflected in AOCI, on securities classified as held-to-maturity, as of June 30, 2018.

15

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	December 31, 2017
	Less Than Twelve Months				Twelve Months or More				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities(1):
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	$	3,450	$	28	$	6,391	$	318	$	9,841	$	346
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions	44		0		287		6		331		6
Foreign government bonds	4,417		55		2,937		238		7,354		293
U.S. corporate public securities	7,914		110		6,831		304		14,745		414
U.S. corporate private securities	4,596		76		2,009		93		6,605		169
Foreign corporate public securities	2,260		21		1,678		78		3,938		99
Foreign corporate private securities	1,213		20		5,339		317		6,552		337
Asset-backed securities	564		2		366		8		930		10
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	2,593		17		2,212		74		4,805		91
Residential mortgage-backed securities	584		4		286		7		870		11
Total	$	27,635	$	333	$	28,336	$	1,443	$	55,971	$	1,776

__________ 

(1) Includes $12 million of fair value and less than $1 million of gross unrealized losses, which are not reflected in AOCI, on securities classified as held-to-maturity, as of December 31, 2017.

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities were composed of $4,639 million and $1,470 million, respectively, related to “1” highest quality or “2” high quality securities based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) or equivalent rating and $529 million and $306 million, respectively, related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. As of June 30, 2018, the $2,152 million of gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities of twelve months or more were concentrated in U.S. government bonds and in the Company’s corporate securities within the consumer non-cyclical and utility sectors. As of December 31, 2017, the $1,443 million of gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities of twelve months or more were concentrated in U.S. government bonds, foreign government bonds and in the Company’s corporate securities within the energy, utility and consumer non-cyclical sectors. In accordance with its policy described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for OTTI for these fixed maturity securities was not warranted at either June 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017. These conclusions were based on a detailed analysis of the underlying credit and cash flows on each security. Gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to general credit spread widening, increases in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rate movements. As of June 30, 2018, the Company did not intend to sell these securities, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost basis.

The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities, as of the date indicated:

16

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	June 30, 2018
	Available-for-Sale				Held-to-Maturity
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities:
Due in one year or less	$	10,769	$	11,156	$	7	$	7
Due after one year through five years	50,932		53,917		171		176
Due after five years through ten years	63,671		66,989		572		636
Due after ten years(1)	163,074		179,988		875		1,147
Asset-backed securities	12,860		13,031		0		0
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	13,093		12,846		0		0
Residential mortgage-backed securities	3,149		3,224		395		422
Total	$	317,548	$	341,151	$	2,020	$	2,388

__________ 

(1) Excludes available-for-sale notes with amortized cost of $3,666 million (fair value, $3,666 million) and held-to-maturity notes with amortized cost of $4,753 million (fair value, $4,754 million), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement.

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they do not havea single maturity date.

The following table sets forth the sources of fixed maturity proceeds and related investment gains (losses), as well as losses on impairments of fixed maturities, for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
Proceeds from sales(1)	$	9,489		$	8,157		$	19,074		$	15,887
Proceeds from maturities/prepayments	6,553			7,546			11,779			13,420
Gross investment gains from sales and maturities	410			410			784			801
Gross investment losses from sales and maturities	(187		)	(135		)	(444		)	(298		)
OTTI recognized in earnings(2)	(58		)	(46		)	(97		)	(100		)
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity:
Proceeds from maturities/prepayments(3)	$	23		$	39		$	59		$	89

__________ 

(1) Includes $254 million and $317 million of non-cash related proceeds due to the timing of trade settlements for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

(2) Excludes the portion of OTTI amounts remaining in “Other comprehensive income (loss)” (“OCI”), representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment.

(3) Includes $3 million and $0 million of non-cash related proceeds due to the timing of trade settlements for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The following table sets forth a rollforward of pre-tax amounts remaining in OCI related to fixed maturity securities with credit loss impairments recognized in earnings, for the periods indicated:

17

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018			Six Months Ended June 30, 2018			Three Months Ended June 30, 2017			Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	(in millions)
Credit loss impairments:
Balance, beginning of period	$	203		$	319		$	350		$	359
New credit loss impairments	0			0			7			7
Additional credit loss impairments on securities previously impaired	0			0			0			1
Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses	4			6			4			7
Reductions for securities which matured, paid down, prepaid or were sold during the period	(42		)	(155		)	(7		)	(16		)
Reductions for securities impaired to fair value during the period(1)	0			(4		)	(11		)	(14		)
Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected to be collected	(2		)	(3		)	(2		)	(3		)
Balance, end of period	$	163		$	163		$	341		$	341

__________ 

(1) Represents circumstances where the Company determined in the current period that it intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost.

Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities

The following table sets forth the composition of “Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities,” as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost or Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost or Cost		Fair Value
	(in millions)
Short-term investments and cash equivalents	$	340	$	340	$	245	$	245
Fixed maturities:
Corporate securities	13,263		13,140		13,816		14,073
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	2,390		2,350		2,294		2,311
Residential mortgage-backed securities(1)	888		867		961		966
Asset-backed securities(2)	1,470		1,493		1,363		1,392
Foreign government bonds	1,063		1,061		1,050		1,057
U.S. government authorities and agencies and obligations of U.S. states	579		619		357		410
Total fixed maturities	19,653		19,530		19,841		20,209
Equity securities	1,367		1,627		1,278		1,643
Total assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities	$	21,360	$	21,497	$	21,364	$	22,097

__________ 

(1) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.

(2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.

The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $(198) million and $183 million during the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $(596) million and $229 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

18

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Equity Securities

The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from equity securities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $(80) million and $11 million during the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from equity securities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $(271) million and $54 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Concentrations of Financial Instruments

The Company monitors its concentrations of financial instruments and mitigates credit risk by maintaining a diversified investment portfolio which limits exposure to any one issuer.

As of the dates indicated, the Company’s exposure to concentrations of credit risk of single issuers greater than 10% of the Company’s stockholders’ equity included securities of the U.S. government and certain U.S. government agencies and securities guaranteed by the U.S. government, as well as the securities disclosed below:

	June 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(in millions)
Investments in Japanese government and government agency securities:
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale	$	69,248	$	81,731	$	64,628	$	76,311
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	857		1,122		844		1,103
Fixed maturities, trading	23		23		23		23
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities	676		686		657		667
Total	$	70,804	$	83,562	$	66,152	$	78,104

	June 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(in millions)
Investments in South Korean government and government agency securities:
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale	$	9,646	$	10,988	$	9,425	$	10,989
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	0		0		0		0
Fixed maturities, trading	0		0		0		0
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities	15		15		15		15
Total	$	9,661	$	11,003	$	9,440	$	11,004

19

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans

The following table sets forth the composition of “Commercial mortgage and other loans,” as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018					December 31, 2017
	Amount (in millions)			% of Total		Amount (in millions)			% of Total
Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type:
Office	$	13,435		23.2	%	$	12,670		22.9	%
Retail	8,707			15.1		8,543			15.5
Apartments/Multi-Family	16,194			28.0		15,465			28.0
Industrial	10,609			18.3		9,451			17.1
Hospitality	1,965			3.4		2,067			3.7
Other	3,784			6.5		3,888			7.0
Total commercial mortgage loans	54,694			94.5		52,084			94.2
Agricultural property loans	3,206			5.5		3,203			5.8
Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type	57,900			100.0	%	55,287			100.0	%
Valuation allowance	(119		)			(100		)
Total net commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type	57,781					55,187
Other loans:
Uncollateralized loans	666					663
Residential property loans	176					196
Other collateralized loans	4					5
Total other loans	846					864
Valuation allowance	(5		)			(6		)
Total net other loans	841					858
Total commercial mortgage and other loans(1)	$	58,622				$	56,045

__________ 

(1) Includes loans held for sale which are carried at fair value and are collateralized primarily by apartment complexes. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the net carrying value of these loans was $330 million and $593 million, respectively.

As of June 30, 2018, the commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans were secured by properties geographically dispersed throughout the United States (with the largest concentrations in California (28%), Texas (9%) and New York (8%) and included loans secured by properties in Europe (6%), Australia (1%) and Asia (1%).

20

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The following tables set forth the activity in the allowance for credit losses for commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018
	Commercial Mortgage Loans		Agricultural Property Loans		Residential Property Loans		Other Collateralized Loans		Uncollateralized Loans			Total
	(in millions)
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance, beginning of year	$	97	$	3	$	1	$	0	$	5		$	106
Addition to (release of) allowance for losses	19		0		0		0		(1		)	18
Charge-offs, net of recoveries	0		0		0		0		0			0
Change in foreign exchange	0		0		0		0		0			0
Total ending balance	$	116	$	3	$	1	$	0	$	4		$	124

	December 31, 2017
	Commercial Mortgage Loans			Agricultural Property Loans		Residential Property Loans			Other Collateralized Loans		Uncollateralized Loans			Total
	(in millions)
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance, beginning of year	$	96		$	2	$	2		$	0	$	6		$	106
Addition to (release of) allowance for losses	2			1		(1		)	0		(1		)	1
Charge-offs, net of recoveries	(1		)	0		0			0		0			(1		)
Change in foreign exchange	0			0		0			0		0			0
Total ending balance	$	97		$	3	$	1		$	0	$	5		$	106

The following tables set forth the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018
	Commercial Mortgage Loans		Agricultural Property Loans		Residential Property Loans		Other Collateralized Loans		Uncollateralized Loans		Total
	(in millions)
Allowance for credit losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	20	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	20
Collectively evaluated for impairment	96		3		1		0		4		104
Total ending balance(1)	$	116	$	3	$	1	$	0	$	4	$	124
Recorded investment(2):
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	70	$	35	$	0	$	0	$	2	$	107
Collectively evaluated for impairment	54,624		3,171		176		4		664		58,639
Total ending balance(1)	$	54,694	$	3,206	$	176	$	4	$	666	$	58,746

__________ 

(1) As of June 30, 2018, there were no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.

(2) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance.

21

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	December 31, 2017
	Commercial Mortgage Loans		Agricultural Property Loans		Residential Property Loans		Other Collateralized Loans		Uncollateralized Loans		Total
	(in millions)
Allowance for credit losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	7	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	7
Collectively evaluated for impairment	90		3		1		0		5		99
Total ending balance(1)	$	97	$	3	$	1	$	0	$	5	$	106
Recorded investment(2):
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	75	$	39	$	0	$	0	$	2	$	116
Collectively evaluated for impairment	52,009		3,164		196		5		661		56,035
Total ending balance(1)	$	52,084	$	3,203	$	196	$	5	$	663	$	56,151

__________

(1) As of December 31, 2017, there were no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.

(2) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance.

The following tables set forth certain key credit quality indicators based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as of the date indicated:

Commercial mortgage loans

	June 30, 2018
	Debt Service Coverage Ratio
	>1.2X		1.0X to <1.2X		< 1.0X		Total
	(in millions)
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%	$	29,292	$	520	$	281	$	30,093
60%-69.99%	16,737		579		155		17,471
70%-79.99%	6,047		807		11		6,865
80% or greater	60		182		23		265
Total commercial mortgage loans	$	52,136	$	2,088	$	470	$	54,694

Agricultural property loans

	June 30, 2018
	Debt Service Coverage Ratio
	>1.2X		1.0X to <1.2X		< 1.0X		Total
	(in millions)
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%	$	2,955	$	176	$	0	$	3,131
60%-69.99%	75		0		0		75
70%-79.99%	0		0		0		0
80% or greater	0		0		0		0
Total agricultural property loans	$	3,030	$	176	$	0	$	3,206

22

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans

	June 30, 2018
	Debt Service Coverage Ratio
	>1.2X		1.0X to <1.2X		< 1.0X		Total
	(in millions)
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%	$	32,247	$	696	$	281	$	33,224
60%-69.99%	16,812		579		155		17,546
70%-79.99%	6,047		807		11		6,865
80% or greater	60		182		23		265
Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans	$	55,166	$	2,264	$	470	$	57,900

The following tables set forth certain key credit quality indicators based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as of the date indicated:

Commercial mortgage loans

	December 31, 2017
	Debt Service Coverage Ratio
	>1.2X		1.0X to <1.2X		< 1.0X		Total
	(in millions)
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%	$	30,082	$	639	$	251	$	30,972
60%-69.99%	13,658		530		121		14,309
70%-79.99%	5,994		514		29		6,537
80% or greater	93		54		119		266
Total commercial mortgage loans	$	49,827	$	1,737	$	520	$	52,084

Agricultural property loans

	December 31, 2017
	Debt Service Coverage Ratio
	>1.2X		1.0X to <1.2X		< 1.0X		Total
	(in millions)
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%	$	2,988	$	170	$	5	$	3,163
60%-69.99%	40		0		0		40
70%-79.99%	0		0		0		0
80% or greater	0		0		0		0
Total agricultural property loans	$	3,028	$	170	$	5	$	3,203

Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans

	December 31, 2017
	Debt Service Coverage Ratio
	>1.2X		1.0X to <1.2X		< 1.0X		Total
	(in millions)
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%	$	33,070	$	809	$	256	$	34,135
60%-69.99%	13,698		530		121		14,349
70%-79.99%	5,994		514		29		6,537
80% or greater	93		54		119		266
Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans	$	52,855	$	1,907	$	525	$	55,287

23

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The following tables set forth an aging of past due commercial mortgage and other loans based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as well as the amount of commercial mortgage and other loans on non-accrual status, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018
	Current		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due(1)		Total Past Due		Total Loans		Non-Accrual Status(2)
	(in millions)
Commercial mortgage loans	$	54,694	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	54,694	$	70
Agricultural property loans	3,190		0		0		16		16		3,206		23
Residential property loans	172		1		1		2		4		176		2
Other collateralized loans	4		0		0		0		0		4		0
Uncollateralized loans	666		0		0		0		0		666		0
Total	$	58,726	$	1	$	1	$	18	$	20	$	58,746	$	95

__________

(1) As of June 30, 2018, there were no loans in this category accruing interest.

(2) For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

	December 31, 2017
	Current		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due(1)		Total Past Due		Total Loans		Non-Accrual Status(2)
	(in millions)
Commercial mortgage loans	$	52,084	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	52,084	$	71
Agricultural property loans	3,201		0		0		2		2		3,203		23
Residential property loans	191		3		0		2		5		196		2
Other collateralized loans	5		0		0		0		0		5		0
Uncollateralized loans	663		0		0		0		0		663		0
Total	$	56,144	$	3	$	0	$	4	$	7	$	56,151	$	96

__________

(1) As of December 31, 2017, there were no loans in this category accruing interest.

(2) For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

24

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Other Invested Assets

The following table sets forth the composition of “Other invested assets,” as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
LPs/LLCs:
Equity method:
Private equity	$	2,927	$	2,954
Hedge funds	1,021		803
Real estate-related	1,171		972
Subtotal equity method	5,119		4,729
Fair value:
Private equity	1,608		1,325
Hedge funds	2,307		2,419
Real estate-related	293		247
Subtotal fair value(1)	4,208		3,991
Total LPs/LLCs	9,327		8,720
Real estate held through direct ownership(2)	2,278		2,409
Derivative instruments	820		1,214
Other(3)	1,034		1,030
Total other invested assets(4)	$	13,459	$	13,373

_________ 

(1) As of December 31, 2017, $1,572 million was accounted for using the cost method.

(2) As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, real estate held through direct ownership had mortgage debt of $751 million and $799 million, respectively.

(3) Primarily includes strategic investments made by investment management operations, leveraged leases and member and activity stock held in the Federal Home Loan Banks of New York and Boston. For additional information regarding the Company’s holdings in the Federal Home Loan Banks of New York and Boston, see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

(4) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. For additional information, see Note 2.

25

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Net Investment Income

The following table sets forth “Net investment income” by investment type, for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1)	$	3,001		$	2,856		$	5,955		$	5,651
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(1)	57			54			112			108
Fixed maturities, trading	30			45			61			87
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value	181			177			372			372
Equity securities, at fair value	59			114			94			204
Commercial mortgage and other loans	594			583			1,163			1,120
Policy loans	156			155			308			307
Other invested assets	163			248			304			580
Short-term investments and cash equivalents	82			46			154			90
Gross investment income	4,323			4,278			8,523			8,519
Less: investment expenses	(227		)	(189		)	(429		)	(369		)
Net investment income(2)	$	4,096		$	4,089		$	8,094		$	8,150

__________ 

(1) Includes income on credit-linked notes which are reported on the same financial statement line item as related surplus notes, as conditions are met for right to offset.

(2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net

The following table sets forth “Realized investment gains (losses), net,” by investment type, for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities(1)	$	165	$	229		$	243		$	403
Equity securities(2)	0		164			0			420
Commercial mortgage and other loans	5		14			17			28
Investment real estate	60		6			62			12
LPs/LLCs	10		(10		)	16			(21		)
Derivatives(3)	445		(1,496		)	773			(1,507		)
Other	0		1			(1		)	0
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	685	$	(1,092	)	$	1,110		$	(665	)

__________ 

(1) Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading.

(2) Effective January 1, 2018, realized gains (losses) on equity securities are recorded within “Other income.”

(3) Includes the hedged items offset in qualifying fair value hedge accounting relationships.

Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments within AOCI

The following table sets forth net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, as of the dates indicated:

26

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale—with OTTI	$	216		$	286
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale—all other	23,387			34,109
Equity securities, available-for-sale(1)	0			2,027
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(2)	99			(39		)
Other investments(3)	(9		)	15
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments	$	23,693		$	36,398

__________ 

(1) Effective January 1, 2018, unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities are recorded within “Other income.”

(2) For more information on cash flow hedges, see Note 5.

(3) As of June 30, 2018, there were no net unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities that were previously transferred from available-for-sale. Includes net unrealized gains on certain joint ventures that are strategic in nature and are included in “Other assets.”

Repurchase Agreements and Securities Lending

In the normal course of business, the Company sells securities under agreements to repurchase and enters into securities lending transactions. The following table sets forth the composition of “Securities sold under agreements to repurchase,” as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018						December 31, 2017
	Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements						Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements
	Overnight & Continuous		Up to 30 Days		Total		Overnight & Continuous		Up to 30 Days		Total
	(in millions)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	$	8,394	$	775	$	9,169	$	911	$	7,349	$	8,260
U.S. corporate public securities	20		0		20		1		0		1
Foreign corporate public securities	0		0		0		0		0		0
Residential mortgage-backed securities	351		0		351		0		139		139
Equity securities	0		0		0		0		0		0
Total securities sold under agreements to        repurchase(1)	$	8,765	$	775	$	9,540	$	912	$	7,488	$	8,400

__________ 

(1) The Company did not have any agreements with remaining contractual maturities of thirty days or greater, as of the dates indicated.

27

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The following table sets forth the composition of “Cash collateral for loaned securities” which represents the liability to return cash collateral received for the following types of securities loaned, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018						December 31, 2017
	Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements						Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements
	Overnight & Continuous		Up to 30 Days		Total		Overnight & Continuous		Up to 30 Days		Total
	(in millions)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	$	142	$	161	$	303	$	87	$	35	$	122
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions	139		0		139		103		0		103
Foreign government bonds	368		0		368		335		0		335
U.S. corporate public securities	2,749		0		2,749		2,961		0		2,961
Foreign corporate public securities	612		0		612		655		0		655
Residential mortgage-backed securities	0		0		0		0		0		0
Equity securities	136		0		136		178		0		178
Total cash collateral for loaned securities(1)	$	4,146	$	161	$	4,307	$	4,319	$	35	$	4,354

__________ 

(1) The Company did not have any agreements with remaining contractual maturities of thirty days or greater, as of the dates indicated.

4. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

In the normal course of its activities, the Company enters into relationships with various special-purpose entities and other entities that are deemed to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”). For additional information, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities

The table below reflects the carrying amount and balance sheet caption in which the assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs are reported. The liabilities primarily comprise obligations under debt instruments issued by the VIEs. The creditors of these VIEs do not have recourse to the Company in excess of the assets contained within the VIEs.

	Consolidated VIEs for which the Company is the Investment Manager(1)(2)				Other Consolidated VIEs(1)
	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale	$	75	$	69	$	279	$	275
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	85		83		824		810
Fixed maturities, trading	1,071		1,623		0		0
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities	0		0		9		9
Equity securities	38		28		0		0
Commercial mortgage and other loans	652		617		0		0
Other invested assets	1,316		1,390		84		97
Cash and cash equivalents	130		164		0		0
Accrued investment income	5		7		4		4
Other assets	445		440		141		150
Total assets of consolidated VIEs	$	3,817	$	4,421	$	1,341	$	1,345
Other liabilities	$	288	$	433	$	8	$	0
Notes issued by consolidated VIEs(3)	937		1,518		0		0
Total liabilities of consolidated VIEs	$	1,225	$	1,951	$	8	$	0

28

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

__________

(1) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. See Note 2 for additional information.

(2) Total assets of consolidated VIEs reflect $1,796 million and $1,716 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, related to VIEs whose beneficial interests are wholly-owned by consolidated subsidiaries.

(3) Recourse is limited to the assets of the respective VIE and does not extend to the general credit of the Company. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the maturities of these obligations were greater than five years.

Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities

The Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of certain VIEs for which it is the investment manager. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss resulting from its relationship with unconsolidated VIEs for which it is the investment manager is limited to its investment in the VIEs, which was $858 million and $1,013 million at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. These investments are reflected in “Fixed maturities, available-for-sale,” “Fixed maturities, trading,” “Equity securities” and “Other invested assets.” There are no liabilities associated with these unconsolidated VIEs on the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

In the normal course of its activities, the Company will invest in LPs/LLCs, which include hedge funds, private equity funds and real estate-related funds and may or may not be VIEs. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss on these investments, both VIEs and non-VIEs, is limited to the amount of its investment. The Company classifies these investments as “Other invested assets” and its maximum exposure to loss associated with these entities was $9,327 million and $8,720 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

In addition, in the normal course of its activities, the Company will invest in structured investments including VIEs for which it is not the investment manager. These structured investments typically invest in fixed income investments and are managed by third-parties and include asset-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities and residential mortgage-backed securities. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss on these structured investments, both VIEs and non-VIEs, is limited to the amount of its investment. See Note 3 for details regarding the carrying amounts and classification of these assets. The Company has not provided material financial or other support that was not contractually required to these structures. The Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of these structures due to the fact that it does not control these entities.

5. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Types of Derivative Instruments and Derivative Strategies

The Company utilizes various derivatives instruments and strategies to manage its risk. Commonly used derivative instruments include, but are not necessarily limited to:

•Interest rate contracts: futures, swaps, options, swaptions, caps and floors

•Equity contracts: futures, options and total return swaps

•Foreign exchange contracts: futures, options, forwards and swaps

•Credit contracts: single and index reference credit default swaps

• Other contracts: to-be-announced (“TBA”) forward contracts, loan commitments, embedded derivatives and synthetic guaranteed investment contracts (“GICs”).

For detailed information on these contracts and the related strategies, see Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Primary Risks Managed by Derivatives

The table below provides a summary of the gross notional amount and fair value of derivatives contracts by the primary underlying risks, excluding embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables. Many derivative instruments contain multiple underlying risks. The fair value amounts below represent the gross fair value of derivative contracts prior to taking into account the netting effects of master netting agreements, cash collateral and non-performance risk (“NPR”). This netting impact results in total derivative assets of $812 million and $1,205 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and total derivative liabilities of $676 million and $643 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, reflected in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

29

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Primary Underlying Risk /Instrument Type	June 30, 2018							December 31, 2017
			Gross Fair Value							Gross Fair Value
	Notional		Assets		Liabilities			Notional		Assets		Liabilities
	(in millions)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate
Interest Rate Swaps	$	2,925	$	155	$	(74	)	$	3,204	$	271	$	(88	)
Foreign Currency
Foreign Currency Forwards	574		8		0			545		0		(8		)
Currency/Interest Rate
Foreign Currency Swaps	19,272		946		(645		)	17,732		766		(735		)
Total Qualifying Hedges	$	22,771	$	1,109	$	(719	)	$	21,481	$	1,037	$	(831	)
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate
Interest Rate Swaps	$	150,392	$	5,891	$	(3,856	)	$	158,552	$	7,958	$	(3,509	)
Interest Rate Futures	18,311		2		(2		)	23,792		25		(1		)
Interest Rate Options	22,424		170		(259		)	18,456		167		(203		)
Interest Rate Forwards	2,628		10		0			1,498		6		(2		)
Foreign Currency
Foreign Currency Forwards	23,197		284		(182		)	23,905		164		(254		)
Foreign Currency Options	46		0		0			59		0		0
Currency/Interest Rate
Foreign Currency Swaps	13,537		740		(449		)	13,777		822		(414		)
Credit
Credit Default Swaps	1,390		18		(6		)	1,314		21		(5		)
Equity
Equity Futures	1,031		1		(9		)	710		2		(2		)
Equity Options	53,838		535		(534		)	36,007		588		(364		)
Total Return Swaps	19,712		254		(197		)	15,558		17		(369		)
Other
Other (2)	504		0		0			0		0		0
Synthetic GICs	77,495		2		0			77,290		0		(1		)
Total Non-Qualifying Derivatives	$	384,505	$	7,907	$	(5,494	)	$	370,918	$	9,770	$	(5,124	)
Total Derivatives(1)	$	407,276	$	9,016	$	(6,213	)	$	392,399	$	10,807	$	(5,955	)

__________

(1) Excludes embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables which contain multiple underlying risks. The fair value of these embedded derivatives was a net liability of $6,651 million and $8,748 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, primarily included in “Future policy benefits.”

(2) “Other” primarily includes derivative contracts used to balance the Company’s tail longevity and mortality risk. Under these contracts, the Company’s gain/loss is capped at the notional amount.

Most of the Company’s derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting for various reasons. For example: (i) derivatives that economically hedge embedded derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting because changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives are already recorded in net income; (ii) derivatives that are utilized as macro hedges of the Company’s exposure to various risks typically do not qualify for hedge accounting because they do not meet the criteria required under portfolio hedge accounting rules; and (iii) synthetic GIC, which are product standalone derivatives, do not qualify as hedging instruments under hedge accounting rules.

30

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents recognized derivative instruments (excluding embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables), and repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements that are offset in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, and/or are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, irrespective of whether they are offset in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

	June 30, 2018
	Gross Amounts of Recognized Financial Instruments		Gross Amounts Offset in the Statements of Financial Position			Net Amounts Presented in the Statements of Financial Position		Financial Instruments/ Collateral(1)			Net Amount
	(in millions)
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
Derivatives(1)	$	8,933	$	(8,204	)	$	729	$	(457	)	$	272
Securities purchased under agreement to resell	2,339		0			2,339		(2,339		)	0
Total assets	$	11,272	$	(8,204	)	$	3,068	$	(2,796	)	$	272
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
Derivatives(1)	$	6,205	$	(5,537	)	$	668	$	(452	)	$	216
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase	9,540		0			9,540		(9,540		)	0
Total liabilities	$	15,745	$	(5,537	)	$	10,208	$	(9,992	)	$	216

	December 31, 2017
	Gross Amounts of Recognized Financial Instruments		Gross Amounts Offset in the Statements of Financial Position			Net Amounts Presented in the Statements of Financial Position		Financial Instruments/ Collateral(1)			Net Amount
	(in millions)
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
Derivatives(1)	$	10,710	$	(9,600	)	$	1,110	$	(625	)	$	485
Securities purchased under agreement to resell	240		0			240		(240		)	0
Total assets	$	10,950	$	(9,600	)	$	1,350	$	(865	)	$	485
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
Derivatives(1)	$	5,948	$	(5,312	)	$	636	$	(588	)	$	48
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase	8,400		0			8,400		(8,400		)	0
Total liabilities	$	14,348	$	(5,312	)	$	9,036	$	(8,988	)	$	48

__________

(1) Amounts exclude the excess of collateral received/pledged from/to the counterparty.

For information regarding the rights of offset associated with the derivative assets and liabilities in the table above, see “—Counterparty Credit Risk” below. For securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Company monitors the value of the securities and maintains collateral, as appropriate, to protect against credit exposure. Where the Company has entered into repurchase and resale agreements with the same counterparty, in the event of default, the Company would generally be permitted to exercise rights of offset. For additional information on the Company’s accounting policy for securities repurchase and resale agreements, see Note 2 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

31

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Cash Flow, Fair Value and Net Investment Hedges

The primary derivative instruments used by the Company in its fair value, cash flow and net investment hedge accounting relationships are interest rate swaps, currency swaps and currency forwards. These instruments are only designated for hedge accounting in instances where the appropriate criteria are met. The Company does not use futures, options, credit, equity or embedded derivatives in any of its fair value, cash flow or net investment hedge accounting relationships.

The following table provides the financial statement classification and impact of derivatives used in qualifying and non-qualifying hedge relationships, excluding the offset of the hedged item in an effective hedge relationship. 

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Realized Investment Gains (Losses)			Net Investment Income			Other Income			Interest Expense		Interest Credited To Policyholders’ Account Balances			AOCI(1)
	(in millions)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Fair value hedges
Interest Rate	$	5		$	(2	)	$	0		$	0	$	(28	)	$	0
Currency	1			0			0			0		0			0
Total fair value hedges	6			(2		)	0			0		(28		)	0
Cash flow hedges
Interest Rate	0			0			0			0		0			(1		)
Currency	0			0			0			0		0			18
Currency/Interest Rate	0			52			209			0		0			704
Total cash flow hedges	0			52			209			0		0			721
Net investment hedges
Currency	2			0			0			0		0			5
Currency/Interest Rate	0			0			0			0		0			0
Total net investment hedges	2			0			0			0		0			5
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate	(432		)	0			0			0		0			0
Currency	(130		)	0			(1		)	0		0			0
Currency/Interest Rate	606			0			2			0		0			0
Credit	(1		)	0			0			0		0			0
Equity	(258		)	0			0			0		0			0
Other	(1		)	0			0			0		0			0
Embedded Derivatives	658			0			0			0		0			0
Total non-qualifying hedges	442			0			1			0		0			0
Total	$	450		$	50		$	210		$	0	$	(28	)	$	726

32

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Realized Investment Gains (Losses)			Net Investment Income			Other Income		Interest Expense			Interest Credited to Policyholders’ Account Balances			AOCI(1)
	(in millions)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Fair value hedges
Interest Rate	$	22		$	(6	)	$	0	$	0		$	(111	)	$	0
Currency	3			0			0		0			0			0
Total fair value hedges	25			(6		)	0		0			(111		)	0
Cash flow hedges
Interest Rate	0			0			0		(1		)	0			6
Currency	0			0			0		0			0			9
Currency/Interest Rate	0			100			118		0			0			123
Total cash flow hedges	0			100			118		(1		)	0			138
Net investment hedges
Currency	0			0			0		0			0			3
Currency/Interest Rate	0			0			0		0			0			0
Total net investment hedges	0			0			0		0			0			3
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate	(1,947		)	0			0		0			0			0
Currency	279			0			0		0			0			0
Currency/Interest Rate	52			0			1		0			0			0
Credit	(5		)	0			0		0			0			0
Equity	(248		)	0			0		0			0			0
Other	(1		)	0			0		0			0			0
Embedded Derivatives	2,637			0			0		0			0			0
Total non-qualifying hedges	767			0			1		0			0			0
Total	$	792		$	94		$	119	$	(1	)	$	(111	)	$	141

33

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Realized Investment Gains (Losses)			Net Investment Income			Other Income			Interest Expense			Interest Credited To Policyholders’ Account Balances		AOCI(1)
	(in millions)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Fair value hedges
Interest Rate	$	0		$	(5	)	$	0		$	0		$	0	$	0
Currency	(5		)	0			0			0			0		0
Total fair value hedges	(5		)	(5		)	0			0			0		0
Cash flow hedges
Interest Rate	0			0			0			(1		)	0		1
Currency/Interest Rate	0			49			(125		)	0			0		(340		)
Total cash flow hedges	0			49			(125		)	(1		)	0		(339		)
Net investment hedges
Currency	0			0			0			0			0		(3		)
Currency/Interest Rate	0			0			0			0			0		0
Total net investment hedges	0			0			0			0			0		(3		)
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate	1,110			0			0			0			0		0
Currency	(46		)	0			(2		)	0			0		0
Currency/Interest Rate	(53		)	0			0			0			0		0
Credit	6			0			0			0			0		0
Equity	(453		)	0			0			0			0		0
Other	0			0			0			0			0		0
Embedded Derivatives	(2,059		)	0			0			0			0		0
Total non-qualifying hedges	(1,495		)	0			(2		)	0			0		0
Total	$	(1,500	)	$	44		$	(127	)	$	(1	)	$	0	$	(342	)

34

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

_

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Realized Investment Gains (Losses)			Net Investment Income			Other Income			Interest Expense			Interest Credited to Policyholders’ Account Balances		AOCI(1)
	(in millions)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Fair value hedges
Interest Rate	$	7		$	(11	)	$	0		$	0		$	0	$	0
Currency	(2		)	0			0			0			0		0
Total fair value hedges	5			(11		)	0			0			0		0
Cash flow hedges
Interest Rate	0			0			0			(1		)	0		4
Currency/Interest Rate	0			93			(164		)	0			0		(540		)
Total cash flow hedges	0			93			(164		)	(1		)	0		(536		)
Net investment hedges
Currency	0			0			0			0			0		(7		)
Currency/Interest Rate	0			0			0			0			0		0
Total net investment hedges	0			0			0			0			0		(7		)
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate	964			0			0			0			0		0
Currency	(8		)	0			(1		)	0			0		0
Currency/Interest Rate	(141		)	0			(2		)	0			0		0
Credit	16			0			0			0			0		0
Equity	(1,157		)	0			0			0			0		0
Other	0			0			0			0			0		0
Embedded Derivatives	(1,182		)	0			0			0			0		0
Total non-qualifying hedges	(1,508		)	0			(3		)	0			0		0
Total	$	(1,503	)	$	82		$	(167	)	$	(1	)	$	0	$	(543	)

_________

(1) Amounts deferred in AOCI.

For the six months endedJune 30, 2018, the ineffective portion of derivatives accounted for using hedge accounting was a loss of $12 million and for the six months endedJune 30, 2017, the ineffective portion of derivatives accounted for using hedge accounting was de minimis to the Company’s results of operations. Also, there were no material amounts reclassified into earnings relating to instances in which the Company discontinued cash flow hedge accounting because the forecasted transaction did not occur by the anticipated date or within the additional time period permitted by the authoritative guidance for the accounting for derivatives and hedging. In addition, there were no instances in which the Company discontinued fair value hedge accounting due to a hedged firm commitment no longer qualifying as a fair value hedge.

Presented below is a rollforward of current period cash flow hedges in AOCI before taxes:

	(in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	(39	)
Net deferred gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges from January 1 to June 30, 2018	385
Amount reclassified into current period earnings	(247		)
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	99

35

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The changes in fair value of cash flow hedges are deferred in AOCI and are included in “Net unrealized investment gains (losses)” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; these amounts are then reclassified to earnings when the hedged item affects earnings. Using June 30, 2018 values, it is estimated that a pre-tax gain of approximately $194 million will be reclassified from AOCI to earnings during the subsequent twelve months ending June 30,2019, offset by amounts pertaining to the hedged items.

The Company’s exposure from the qualifying cash flow hedges reflects variability of future cash flows in foreign currency amounts related to both the forecasted transactions and the receipt or payment of interest on existing financial instruments. As of June 30, 2018, the maximum length of time over which these cash flow hedges are outstanding were 5 years and 40 years respectively.

For effective net investment hedges, the amounts, before applicable taxes, recorded in the cumulative translation adjustment account within AOCI were $529 million and $526 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Credit Derivatives

Credit derivatives, where the Company has written credit protection on a single name reference, had outstanding notional amounts of $110 million and $114 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. These credit derivatives are reported at fair value as an asset of $1 million and $2 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. As of June 30, 2018, the notional amount of these credit derivatives had the following NAIC ratings: $37 million in NAIC 1; $62 million in NAIC 2; $5 million in NAIC 3; $1 million in NAIC 4; $1 million in NAIC 5; and $4 million in NAIC 6. The Company has also written credit protection on certain index references with notional amounts of $1,135 million and $1,022 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. These credit derivatives are reported at fair value as an asset of $14 million and $18 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. As of June 30, 2018, the notional amount of these credit derivatives had the following NAIC ratings: $50 million in NAIC 1; $970 million in NAIC 3; and $115 million NAIC 6. NAIC designations are based on the lowest rated single name reference included in the index.

The Company’s maximum amount at risk under these credit derivatives equals the aforementioned notional amounts and assumes the value of the underlying referenced securities become worthless. These single name credit derivatives have maturities of less than 3 years, while the credit protection on the index references have maturities of less than 29 years.

In addition to writing credit protection, the Company has purchased credit protection using credit derivatives in order to hedge specific credit exposures in the Company’s investment portfolio. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had $145 million and $178 million of outstanding notional amounts reported at fair value as a liability of $2 million and $5 million, respectively. 

Counterparty Credit Risk

The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to financial derivative transactions with a positive fair value. The Company manages credit risk by: (i) entering into derivative transactions with highly rated major international financial institutions and other creditworthy counterparties governed by master netting agreements, as applicable; (ii) trading through central clearing and over-the-counter (“OTC”) parties; (iii) obtaining collateral, such as cash and securities, when appropriate; and (iv) setting limits on single party credit exposures which are subject to periodic management review.

Substantially all of the Company’s derivative agreements have zero thresholds which require daily full collateralization by the party in a liability position. In addition, certain of the Company’s derivative agreements contain credit-risk related contingent features; if the credit rating of one of the parties to the derivative agreement is to fall below a certain level, the party with positive fair value could request termination at the then fair value or demand immediate full collateralization from the party whose credit rating fell and is in a net liability position.

As of June 30, 2018, there were no net liability derivative positions with counterparties with credit risk-related contingent features; as such, all derivatives have been appropriately collateralized by the Company or the counterparty in accordance with the terms of the derivative agreements.

36

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

6. FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Fair Value Measurement—Fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The authoritative fair value guidance establishes a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1—Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Company for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Fair value is based on significant inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability through corroboration with observable market data. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted market prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, and other market observable inputs.

 Level 3—Fair value is based on at least one significant unobservable input for the asset or liability. The assets and liabilities in this category may require significant judgment or estimation in determining the fair value.

For a discussion of Company’s valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy, see Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Assets and Liabilities by Hierarchy Level—The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the dates indicated.

37

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	As of June 30, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Netting(1)			Total
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	$	0	$	24,778	$	67	$			$	24,845
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions	0		10,274		5					10,279
Foreign government bonds	0		108,700		137					108,837
U.S. corporate public securities	0		82,244		116					82,360
U.S. corporate private securities(2)	0		31,067		1,817					32,884
Foreign corporate public securities	0		28,819		65					28,884
Foreign corporate private securities	0		23,268		693					23,961
Asset-backed securities(3)	0		11,742		1,289					13,031
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	0		12,562		284					12,846
Residential mortgage-backed securities	0		3,133		91					3,224
Subtotal	0		336,587		4,564					341,151
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	0		420		0					420
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions	0		199		0					199
Foreign government bonds	0		840		221					1,061
Corporate securities	0		12,652		488					13,140
Asset-backed securities(3)	0		1,386		107					1,493
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	0		2,350		0					2,350
Residential mortgage-backed securities	0		867		0					867
Equity securities	1,356		267		4					1,627
All other(5)	0		39		5					44
Subtotal	1,356		19,020		825					21,201
Fixed maturities trading	0		2,743		173					2,916
Equity securities	5,617		654		783					7,054
Commercial mortgage and other loans	0		330		0					330
Other invested assets(6)	3		9,009		122		(8,204		)	930
Short-term investments	2,342		1,789		1					4,132
Cash equivalents	1,141		4,423		2					5,566
Other assets	0		3		0					3
Separate account assets(7)(8)	43,335		228,246		1,816					273,397
Total assets	$	53,794	$	602,804	$	8,286	$	(8,204	)	$	656,680
Future policy benefits(9)	$	0	$	0	$	6,585	$			$	6,585
Other liabilities	15		6,204		60		(5,537		)	742
Notes issued by consolidated VIEs	0		0		609					609
Total liabilities	$	15	$	6,204	$	7,254	$	(5,537	)	$	7,936

38

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	As of December 31, 2017
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Netting(1)			Total
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	$	0	$	26,086	$	52	$			$	26,138
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions	0		10,466		5					10,471
Foreign government bonds	0		103,271		148					103,419
U.S. corporate public securities	0		90,115		109					90,224
U.S. corporate private securities(2)	0		31,845		1,889					33,734
Foreign corporate public securities	0		29,329		79					29,408
Foreign corporate private securities	0		23,528		699					24,227
Asset-backed securities(3)	0		5,629		6,604					12,233
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	0		13,268		13					13,281
Residential mortgage-backed securities	0		3,547		98					3,645
Subtotal	0		337,084		9,696					346,780
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities(4):
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies	0		201		0					201
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions	0		208		0					208
Foreign government bonds	0		834		223					1,057
Corporate securities	0		13,611		462					14,073
Asset-backed securities(3)	0		670		722					1,392
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	0		2,311		0					2,311
Residential mortgage-backed securities	0		965		1					966
Equity securities	1,381		258		4					1,643
All other(5)	25		105		7					137
Subtotal	1,406		19,163		1,419					21,988
Fixed maturities trading(4)	0		3,351		156					3,507
Equity securities(4)	5,978		556		795					7,329
Commercial mortgage and other loans	0		593		0					593
Other invested assets(4)(6)	32		10,768		137		(9,600		)	1,337
Short-term investments(4)	3,931		1,850		8					5,789
Cash equivalents(4)	1,900		6,398		0					8,298
Other assets	0		1		13					14
Separate account assets(7)(8)	45,397		232,874		2,122					280,393
Total assets	$	58,644	$	612,638	$	14,346	$	(9,600	)	$	676,028
Future policy benefits(9)	$	0	$	0	$	8,720	$			$	8,720
Other liabilities	4		5,946		50		(5,312		)	688
Notes issued by consolidated VIEs	0		0		1,196					1,196
Total liabilities	$	4	$	5,946	$	9,966	$	(5,312	)	$	10,604

__________

(1) “Netting” amounts represent cash collateral of $2,667 million and $4,288 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and the impact of offsetting asset and liability positions held with the same counterparty, subject to master netting arrangements.

(2) Excludes notes with both fair value and carrying amount of $3,666 million and $2,660 million, as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement.

(3) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by syndicated bank loans, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.

(4) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. See Note 2 for details.

(5) All other represents cash equivalents and short-term investments.

39

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

(6) Other invested assets excluded from the fair value hierarchy include certain hedge funds, private equity funds and other funds for which fair value is measured at net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the fair values of such investments were $4,208 million and $1,969 million respectively.

(7) Separate account assets included in the fair value hierarchy exclude investments in entities that calculate NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. Such investments excluded from the fair value hierarchy include investments in real estate, hedge funds and other invested assets. At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the fair value of such investments was $25,261 million and $26,224 million, respectively.

(8) Separate account assets represent segregated funds that are invested for certain customers. Investment risks associated with market value changes are borne by the customers, except to the extent of minimum guarantees made by the Company with respect to certain accounts. Separate account liabilities are not included in the above table as they are reported at contract value and not fair value in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

(9) As of June 30, 2018, the net embedded derivative liability position of $6.6 billion includes $1.0 billion of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $7.6 billion of embedded derivatives in a liability position. As of December 31, 2017, the net embedded derivative liability position of $8.7 billion includes $0.9 billion of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $9.6 billion of embedded derivatives in a liability position.

Transfers between Levels 1 and 2—Transfers between levels are made to reflect changes in observability of inputs and market activity. Transfers into or out of any level are generally reported at the value as of the beginning of the quarter in which the transfers occur for any such assets still held at the end of the quarter. Periodically there are transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for assets held in the Company’s Separate account. The fair value of foreign common stock held in the Company’s Separate account may reflect differences in market levels between the close of foreign trading markets and the close of U.S. trading markets for the respective day. Dependent on the existence of such a timing difference, the assets may move between Level 1 and Level 2. The following table presents the transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for dates indicated below:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in millions)
Transferred from Level 1 to Level 2	$	10	$	17	$	180	$	63
Transferred from Level 2 to Level 1	$	3	$	27	$	10	$	83

Quantitative Information Regarding Internally-Priced Level 3 Assets and Liabilities—The tables below present quantitative information on significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities.

	As of June 30, 2018
	Fair Value		Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Inputs	Minimum		Maximum	Weighted Average	Impact of Increase in Input on Fair Value(1)
	(in millions)
Assets:
Corporate securities(2)	$	1,359	Discounted  cash flow	Discount rate	0.63%	-	20.82%	7.20%	Decrease
			Market comparables	EBITDA multiples(3)	4.5X		8.0X	6.6X	Increase
			Liquidation	Liquidation value	6.40%	-	17.80%	15.24%	Increase
Separate account assets-commercial mortgage loans(4)	$	790	Discounted cash flow	Spread	1.05%	-	2.73%	1.15%	Decrease
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(5)	$	6,585	Discounted cash flow	Lapse rate(6)	1%	-	13%		Decrease
				Spread over LIBOR(7)	0.19%	-	1.28%		Decrease
				Utilization rate(8)	54%	-	97%		Increase
				Withdrawal rate	See table footnote (9) below.
				Mortality rate(10)	0%	-	15%		Decrease
				Equity volatility curve	15%	-	22%		Increase

40

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	As of December 31, 2017
	Fair Value		Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Inputs	Minimum		Maximum	Weighted Average	Impact of Increase in Input on Fair Value(1)
	(in millions)
Assets:
Corporate securities(2)	$	1,352	Discounted  cash flow	Discount rate	0.65%	-	22%	7.20%	Decrease
			Market comparables	EBITDA multiples(3)	7.4X	-	7.4X	7.4X	Increase
			Liquidation	Liquidation value	13.10%	-	25.00%	14.68%	Increase
Separate account assets-commercial mortgage loans(4)	$	821	Discounted cash flow	Spread	1.08%	-	2.78%	1.20%	Decrease
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(5)	$	8,720	Discounted cash flow	Lapse rate(6)	1%	-	12%		Decrease
				Spread over LIBOR(7)	0.12%	-	1.10%		Decrease
				Utilization rate(8)	52%	-	97%		Increase
				Withdrawal rate	See table footnote (9) below.
				Mortality rate(10)	0%	-	14%		Decrease
				Equity volatility curve	13%	-	24%		Increase

__________ 

(1) Conversely, the impact of a decrease in input would have the opposite impact on fair value as that presented in the table.

(2) Includes assets classified as fixed maturities available-for-sale, assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities and fixed maturities trading.

(3) Represents multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), and are amounts used when the Company has determined that market participants would use such multiples when valuing the investments.

(4) Changes in the fair value of separate account assets are borne by customers and thus are offset by changes in separate account liabilities on the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. As a result, changes in value associated with these investments are not reflected in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations.

(5) Future policy benefits primarily represent general account liabilities for the living benefit features of the Company’s variable annuity contracts which are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Since the valuation methodology for these liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.

(6) Lapse rates are adjusted at the contract level based on the in-the-moneyness of the living benefit and reflect other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. Lapse rates are reduced when contracts are more in-the-money. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower for the period where surrender charges apply.

(7) The spread over the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) swap curve represents the premium added to the proxy for the risk-free rate (LIBOR) to reflect our estimates of rates that a market participant would use to value the living benefit contracts in both the accumulation and payout phases. This spread includes an estimate of NPR, which is the risk that the obligation will not be fulfilled by the Company. NPR is primarily estimated by utilizing the credit spreads associated with issuing funding agreements, adjusted for any illiquidity risk premium. In order to reflect the financial strength ratings of the Company, credit spreads associated with funding agreements, as opposed to credit spread associated with debt, are utilized in developing this estimate because both funding agreements and living benefit contracts are insurance liabilities and are therefore senior to debt.

(8) The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contracts that will utilize the benefit during the contract duration, and begin lifetime withdrawals at various time intervals from contract inception. The remaining contractholders are assumed to either begin lifetime withdrawals immediately or never utilize the benefit. Utilization assumptions may vary by product type, tax status and age. The impact of changes in these assumptions is highly dependent on the product type, the age of the contractholder at the time of the sale and the timing of the first lifetime income withdrawal. Range reflects the utilization rate for the vast majority of business with living benefits.

(9) The withdrawal rate assumption estimates the magnitude of annual contractholder withdrawals relative to the maximum allowable amount under the contract. These assumptions vary based on the age of the contractholder, the tax status of the contract and the duration since the contractholder began lifetime withdrawals. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the minimum withdrawal rate assumption is 78% and the maximum withdrawal rate assumption may be greater than 100%. The fair value of the liability will generally increase the closer the withdrawal rate is to 100% and decrease as the withdrawal rate moves further away from 100%.

(10) Range reflects the mortality rate for the vast majority of business with living benefits, with policyholders ranging from 35 to 90 years old. While the majority of living benefits have a minimum age requirement, certain benefits do not have an age restriction. This results in contractholders for certain benefits with mortality rates approaching 0%. Based on historical experience, the Company applies a set of age and duration specific mortality rate adjustments compared to standard industry tables. A mortality improvement assumption is also incorporated into the overall mortality table.

41

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Interrelationships Between Unobservable Inputs—In addition to the sensitivities of fair value measurements to changes in each unobservable input in isolation, as reflected in the table above, interrelationships between these inputs may also exist, such that a change in one unobservable input may give rise to a change in another or multiple inputs. For the discussion of the relationships between unobservable inputs as well as market factors that may affect the range of inputs used in the valuation of Level 3 assets and liabilities, see Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Changes in Level 3 Assets and Liabilities—The following tables describe changes in fair values of Level 3 assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods. When a determination is made to classify assets and liabilities within Level 3, the determination is based on significance of the unobservable inputs in the overall fair value measurement. All transfers are based on changes in the observability of the valuation inputs, including the availability of pricing service information that the Company can validate. All transfers are generally reported at the value as of the beginning of the quarter in which transfers occur for any such assets still held at the end of the quarter. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, $5,078 million of investments in collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) reported as “Asset-backed securities” were transferred from Level 3 to Level 2 as market activity, liquidity and overall observability of valuation inputs of CLOs have increased. For further information on valuation processes, see Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Fixed Maturities Available-For-Sale
	U.S. government		U.S. states		Foreign government			Corporate securities(2)			Structured securities(3)
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	59	$	5	$	128		$	2,735		$	6,899
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0		0		0			(20		)	1
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		(2		)	(11		)	(12		)
Net investment income	0		0		0			2			2
Purchases	8		0		0			257			441
Sales	0		0		0			(3		)	(278		)
Issuances	0		0		0			0			0
Settlements	0		0		0			(286		)	(668		)
Foreign currency translation	0		0		(4		)	(9		)	(25		)
Other(6)	0		0		0			(22		)	1
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0		0		15			69			62
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0		0		0			(21		)	(4,759		)
Fair Value, end of period	$	67	$	5	$	137		$	2,691		$	1,664
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0	$	0	$	0		$	(21	)	$	0

42

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities
	Foreign government			Corporate securities(2)			Structured securities(3)			Equity securities			All other activity
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	220		$	468		$	664		$	5		$	7
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0			0			0			0			0
Other income	2			(11		)	(2		)	0			0
Net investment income	2			1			0			0			0
Purchases	0			41			16			0			24
Sales	0			0			0			(1		)	0
Issuances	0			0			0			0			0
Settlements	(3		)	(51		)	(129		)	0			(26		)
Foreign currency translation	0			0			0			0			0
Other(6)	0			0			0			0			0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0			40			5			0			0
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0			0			(447		)	0			0
Fair Value, end of period	$	221		$	488		$	107		$	4		$	5
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0
Other income	$	2		$	(10	)	$	(1	)	$	0		$	0

43

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Fixed maturities trading			Equity securities			Other invested assets			Short-term investments			Cash equivalents
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	204		$	785		$	144		$	10		$	0
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	1			0			(4		)	0			0
Other income	4			(12		)	0			0			0
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	0			0			0			0			0
Net investment income	0			0			0			0			0
Purchases	9			35			0			8			9
Sales	(38		)	(15		)	(12		)	0			0
Issuances	0			0			0			0			0
Settlements	(3		)	(2		)	0			(14		)	(7		)
Foreign currency translation	(2		)	(15		)	0			(1		)	0
Other(6)	0			4			(6		)	(2		)	0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	1			3			0			0			0
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	(3		)	0			0			0			0
Fair Value, end of period	$	173		$	783		$	122		$	1		$	2
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0		$	0		$	(3	)	$	0		$	0
Other income	$	0		$	(15	)	$	0		$	0		$	0

44

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Other assets		Separate account assets(4)			Future policy benefits			Other liabilities			Notes issued by consolidated VIEs
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	0	$	2,360		$	(6,981	)	$	(56	)	$	(612	)
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0		0			683			(18		)	3
Other Income	0		0			0			0			0
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	0		22			0			0			0
Net investment income	0		0			0			0			0
Purchases	0		253			0			8			0
Sales	0		(14		)	0			0			0
Issuances	0		0			(287		)	0			0
Settlements	0		(140		)	0			6			0
Foreign currency translation	0		0			0			0			0
Other(6)	0		0			0			0			0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0		29			0			0			0
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0		(694		)	0			0			0
Fair Value, end of period	$	0	$	1,816		$	(6,585	)	$	(60	)	$	(609	)
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/liabilities still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0	$	0		$	612		$	(18	)	$	3
Other income	$	0	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	$	0	$	21		$	0		$	0		$	0

45

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018(1)
	Fixed Maturities Available-For-Sale
	U.S. government		U.S. states		Foreign government			Corporate securities(2)			Structured securities(3)
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	52	$	5	$	148		$	2,776		$	6,716
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0		0		0			(27		)	14
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		(2		)	5			(42		)
Net investment income	0		0		0			4			4
Purchases	15		0		0			375			1,988
Sales	0		0		0			(4		)	(344		)
Issuances	0		0		0			0			0
Settlements	0		0		0			(455		)	(1,317		)
Foreign currency translation	0		0		(3		)	3			1
Other(6)	0		0		0			(22		)	5
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0		0		20			129			1,133
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0		0		(26		)	(93		)	(6,494		)
Fair Value, end of period	$	67	$	5	$	137		$	2,691		$	1,664
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0	$	0	$	0		$	(30	)	$	0

46

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018(1)
	Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities
	Foreign government			Corporate securities(2)			Structured securities(3)			Equity securities			All other activity
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	223		$	462		$	722		$	4		$	7
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0			0			0			0			0
Other income	(2		)	(10		)	(2		)	1			0
Net investment income	3			1			0			0			0
Purchases	0			65			19			0			43
Sales	0			0			0			(1		)	0
Issuances	0			0			0			0			0
Settlements	(3		)	(69		)	(142		)	0			(45		)
Foreign currency translation	0			0			0			0			0
Other(6)	0			0			0			0			0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0			40			33			0			0
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0			(1		)	(523		)	0			0
Fair Value, end of period	$	221		$	488		$	107		$	4		$	5
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0
Other income	$	(2	)	$	(9	)	$	(1	)	$	1		$	0

47

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018(1)
	Fixed maturities trading			Equity securities			Other invested assets			Short-term investments			Cash equivalents
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	156		$	795		$	137		$	8		$	0
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	1			0			4			(1		)	0
Other income	2			2			0			0			0
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	0			0			0			0			0
Net investment income	0			0			0			0			0
Purchases	49			42			1			22			9
Sales	(42		)	(32		)	(12		)	0			0
Issuances	0			0			0			0			0
Settlements	(3		)	(39		)	0			(26		)	(7		)
Foreign currency translation	3			6			0			0			0
Other(6)	0			9			(8		)	(2		)	0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	12			3			0			0			0
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	(5		)	(3		)	0			0			0
Fair Value, end of period	$	173		$	783		$	122		$	1		$	2
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0		$	0		$	2		$	(1	)	$	0
Other income	$	4		$	(1	)	$	0		$	0		$	0

48

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018(1)
	Other assets			Separate account assets(4)			Future policy benefits			Other liabilities			Notes issued by consolidated VIEs
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	13		$	2,122		$	(8,720	)	$	(50	)	$	(1,196	)
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(13		)	0			2,709			(37		)	0
Other Income	0			0			0			0			0
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	0			(11		)	0			0			0
Net investment income	0			0			0			0			0
Purchases	0			490			0			18			0
Sales	0			(22		)	0			0			0
Issuances	0			0			(574		)	0			0
Settlements	0			(261		)	0			8			0
Foreign currency translation	0			0			0			0			0
Other(6)	0			0			0			1			587
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0			224			0			0			0
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0			(726		)	0			0			0
Fair Value, end of period	$	0		$	1,816		$	(6,585	)	$	(60	)	$	(609	)
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/liabilities still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	(13	)	$	0		$	2,529		$	(36	)	$	0
Other income	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	$	0		$	(5	)	$	0		$	0		$	0

49

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Fixed Maturities Available-For-Sale
	U.S. government		U.S. states		Foreign government			Corporate securities(2)			Structured securities(3)
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	10	$	5	$	136		$	2,111		$	5,911
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0		0		0			(17		)	57
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		2			(16		)	(13		)
Net investment income	0		0		0			2			2
Purchases	22		0		(1		)	88			1,659
Sales	0		0		0			(3		)	(385		)
Issuances	0		0		0			0			0
Settlements	0		0		0			(388		)	(994		)
Foreign currency translation	0		0		(4		)	0			13
Other(6)	0		0		0			0			0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0		0		11			28			998
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0		0		(1		)	(143		)	(504		)
Fair Value, end of period	$	32	$	5	$	143		$	1,662		$	6,744
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0	$	0	$	0		$	(31	)	$	0

50

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities(5)
	Foreign government			Corporate securities(2)			Structured securities(3)
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	227		$	174		$	676
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0			0			0
Other income	1			(1		)	2
Net investment income	2			1			1
Purchases	0			28			28
Sales	0			0			(9		)
Issuances	0			0			0
Settlements	(2		)	(55		)	(113		)
Foreign currency translation	0			0			0
Other(6)	0			0			0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0			1			165
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0			0			(129		)
Fair Value, end of period	$	228		$	148		$	621
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0		$	0		$	0
Other income	$	2		$	(2	)	$	2

51

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Fixed maturities trading(5)			Equity securities(5)			Other invested assets (5)			Short-term investments		Cash equivalents
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	106		$	811		$	79		$	1	$	6
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0			4			(1		)	0		0
Other income	5			(1		)	0			0		0
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	0			(2		)	0			0		0
Net investment income	0			0			0			0		0
Purchases	16			10			0			0		0
Sales	(7		)	(6		)	0			0		0
Issuances	0			0			0			0		0
Settlements	(2		)	(1		)	0			0		(6		)
Foreign currency translation	2			5			0			0		0
Other(6)	3			(4		)	(1		)	0		(4		)
Transfers into Level 3(7)	1			0			0			1		4
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	(27		)	0			0			0		0
Fair Value, end of period	$	97		$	816		$	77		$	2	$	0
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/liabilities still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0		$	3		$	(2	)	$	0	$	0
Other income	$	4		$	12		$	0		$	0	$	0

52

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Other assets		Separate account assets(4)			Future policy benefits			Other liabilities			Notes issued by consolidated VIEs
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	0	$	1,975		$	(7,640	)	$	(27	)	$	(1,854	)
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	30		0			(2,112		)	(6		)	1
Other Income	0		0			0			0			0
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	0		22			0			0			0
Net investment income	0		1			0			0			0
Purchases	9		383			0			0			0
Sales	0		(68		)	0			0			0
Issuances	0		0			(279		)	0			0
Settlements	0		(175		)	0			(1		)	0
Foreign currency translation	0		0			0			0			0
Other(6)	0		0			0			0			0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0		63			0			0			0
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0		(94		)	0			0			0
Fair Value, end of period	$	39	$	2,107		$	(10,031	)	$	(34	)	$	(1,853	)
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/liabilities still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	30	$	0		$	(2,173	)	$	(4	)	$	1
Other Income	$	0	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	$	0	$	16		$	0		$	0		$	0

53

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Fixed Maturities Available-For-Sale
	U.S. government		U.S. states		Foreign government			Corporate securities(2)			Structured securities(3)
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	0	$	5	$	124		$	2,173		$	4,555
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0		0		0			27			59
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		2			(3		)	(13		)
Net investment income	0		0		0			11			5
Purchases	22		0		0			122			2,441
Sales	0		0		0			(144		)	(395		)
Issuances	0		0		0			0			0
Settlements	0		0		0			(447		)	(1,414		)
Foreign currency translation	0		0		1			9			25
Other(6)	10		0		0			(10		)	(1		)
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0		0		18			126			2,645
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0		0		(2		)	(202		)	(1,163		)
Fair Value, end of period	$	32	$	5	$	143		$	1,662		$	6,744
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0	$	0	$	0		$	(40	)	$	0

54

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities(5)
	Foreign government			Corporate securities(2)			Structured securities(3)
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	227		$	154		$	290
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0			0			0
Other income	0			3			2
Net investment income	3			1			1
Purchases	0			59			218
Sales	0			(2		)	(9		)
Issuances	0			0			0
Settlements	(2		)	(85		)	(121		)
Foreign currency translation	0			0			0
Other(6)	0			0			0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0			22			398
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0			(4		)	(158		)
Fair Value, end of period	$	228		$	148		$	621
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0		$	0		$	0
Other income	$	0		$	0		$	2

55

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Fixed maturities trading(5)			Equity securities(5)			Other invested assets (5)			Short-term investments		Cash equivalents
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	76		$	752		$	8		$	1	$	0
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0			4			(1		)	0		0
Other income	4			20			0			0		0
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	0			9			0			0		0
Net investment income	0			0			0			0		2
Purchases	31			32			0			0		0
Sales	(8		)	(34		)	0			0		0
Issuances	0			0			0			0		0
Settlements	(12		)	(7		)	0			0		(6		)
Foreign currency translation	3			14			0			0		0
Other(6)	4			(4		)	70			0		0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	27			31			0			1		4
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	(28		)	(1		)	0			0		0
Fair Value, end of period	$	97		$	816		$	77		$	2	$	0
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/liabilities still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0		$	3		$	(5	)	$	0	$	0
Other income	$	5		$	33		$	0		$	0	$	0

56

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Other assets		Separate account assets(4)			Future policy benefits			Other liabilities			Notes issued by consolidated VIEs
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	0	$	1,849		$	(8,238	)	$	(22	)	$	(1,839	)
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	22		0			(1,237		)	(12		)	(14		)
Other Income	0		0			0			0			0
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	0		46			0			0			0
Net investment income	0		1			0			0			0
Purchases	17		538			0			0			0
Sales	0		(72		)	0			0			0
Issuances	0		0			(554		)	0			0
Settlements	0		(381		)	0			0			0
Foreign currency translation	0		0			(2		)	0			0
Other(6)	0		0			0			0			0
Transfers into Level 3(7)	0		254			0			0			0
Transfers out of Level 3(7)	0		(128		)	0			0			0
Fair Value, end of period	$	39	$	2,107		$	(10,031	)	$	(34	)	$	(1,853	)
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/liabilities still held(8):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	22	$	0		$	(1,365	)	$	(12	)	$	(14	)
Other Income	$	0	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	$	0	$	40		$	0		$	0		$	0

__________

(1) Current period amounts include one additional month of activity related to the elimination of Gibraltar Life’s reporting lag.

(2) Includes U.S. corporate public, U.S. corporate private, foreign corporate public and foreign corporate private securities. Prior period amounts were aggregated to conform to current period presentation.

(3) Includes asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities. Prior period amounts were aggregated to conform to current period presentation.

(4) Separate account assets represent segregated funds that are invested for certain customers. Investment risks associated with market value changes are borne by the customers, except to the extent of minimum guarantees made by the Company with respect to certain accounts. Separate account liabilities are not included in the above table as they are reported at contract value and not fair value in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

(5) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. See Note 2 for details.

(6) Other, for the period ended June 30, 2018, primarily represents deconsolidation of a VIE and reclassifications of certain assets between reporting categories. Other, for the period ended June 30, 2017, primarily represents consolidations of VIE and reclassifications of certain assets between reporting categories.

(7) Transfers into or out of Level 3 are generally reported at the value as of the beginning of the quarter in which the transfers occur for any such assets still held at the end of the quarter.

(8) Unrealized gains or losses related to assets still held at the end of the period do not include amortization or accretion of premiums and discounts.

Derivative Fair Value Information

The following tables present the balances of derivative assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the date indicated, by primary underlying risk. These tables include NPR and exclude embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables. The derivative assets and liabilities shown below are included in “Other invested assets” or “Other liabilities” in the tables contained within the sections “—Assets and Liabilities by Hierarchy Level” and “—Changes in Level 3 Assets and Liabilities,” above.

57

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	As of June 30, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Netting(1)			Total
	(in millions)
Derivative Assets:
Interest Rate	$	2	$	6,225	$	2	$			$	6,229
Currency	0		293		0					293
Credit	0		18		0					18
Currency/Interest Rate	0		1,686		0					1,686
Equity	1		787		2					790
Other	0		0		0					0
Netting(1)							(8,204		)	(8,204		)
Total derivative assets	$	3	$	9,009	$	4	$	(8,204	)	$	812
Derivative Liabilities:
Interest Rate	$	2	$	4,189	$	0	$			$	4,191
Currency	0		181		0					181
Credit	0		6		0					6
Currency/Interest Rate	0		1,095		0					1,095
Equity	9		731		0					740
Other	0		0		0					0
Netting(1)							(5,537		)	(5,537		)
Total derivative liabilities	$	11	$	6,202	$	0	$	(5,537	)	$	676

	As of December 31, 2017
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Netting(1)			Total
	(in millions)
Derivative Assets:
Interest Rate	$	25	$	8,399	$	0	$			$	8,424
Currency	0		165		0					165
Credit	0		21		0					21
Currency/Interest Rate	0		1,588		0					1,588
Equity	2		595		10					607
Other	0		0		0					0
Netting(1)							(9,600		)	(9,600		)
Total derivative assets	$	27	$	10,768	$	10	$	(9,600	)	$	1,205
Derivative Liabilities:
Interest Rate	$	1	$	3,800	$	3	$			$	3,804
Currency	0		262		0					262
Credit	0		5		0					5
Currency/Interest Rate	0		1,149		0					1,149
Equity	2		733		0					735
Other	0		0		0					0
Netting(1)							(5,312		)	(5,312		)
Total derivative liabilities	$	3	$	5,949	$	3	$	(5,312	)	$	643

__________ 

(1) “Netting” amounts represent cash collateral and the impact of offsetting asset and liability positions held with the same counterparty, subject to master netting agreement.

Changes in Level 3 derivative assets and liabilities—The following tables provide a summary of the changes in fair value of Level 3 derivative assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income, attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods.

58

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018						Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Net Derivative- Equity			Net Derivative- Interest Rate			Net Derivative- Equity			Net Derivative- Interest Rate
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	6		$	6		$	10		$	(3	)
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0			(4		)	1			5
Other income	0			0			0			0
Purchases	0			0			0			0
Sales	0			0			0			0
Issuances	0			0			0			0
Settlements	0			0			0			0
Foreign currency translation	0			0			0			0
Other(1)	(4		)	0			(9		)	0
Transfers into Level 3(2)	0			0			0			0
Transfers out of Level 3(2)	0			0			0			0
Fair Value, end of period	$	2		$	2		$	2		$	2
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held:
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0		$	4		$	0		$	5
Other income	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017					Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Net Derivative- Equity		Net Derivative- Interest Rate			Net Derivative- Equity		Net Derivative- Interest Rate
	(in millions)
Fair Value, beginning of period	$	0	$	3		$	0	$	4
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	0		0			0		(1		)
Other income	0		0			0		0
Purchases	0		0			0		0
Sales	0		0			0		0
Issuances	0		0			0		0
Settlements	0		0			0		0
Other	0		0			0		0
Transfers into Level 3(2)	0		0			0		0
Transfers out of Level 3(2)	0		0			0		0
Fair Value, end of period	$	0	$	3		$	0	$	3
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held:
Included in earnings:
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$	0	$	(1	)	$	0	$	(1	)
Other income	$	0	$	0		$	0	$	0

__________ 

(1) Represents conversion of warrants to equity shares.

59

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

(2) Transfers into or out of Level 3 are generally reported at the value as of the beginning of the quarter in which the transfers occur for any such positions still held at the end of the quarter.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements—The following table represents information for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The fair value measurement is nonrecurring as these assets are measured at fair value only when there is a triggering event (e.g., an evidence of impairment). Assets included in the table are those that were impaired during the respective reporting periods and that are still held as of the reporting date. The estimated fair values for these amounts were determined using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Realized investment gains (losses) net:
Commercial mortgage loans(1)	$	(13	)	$	0		$	(13	)	$	0
Mortgage servicing rights(2)	$	2		$	4		$	4		$	6
Cost method investments(3)	$	0		$	(7	)	$	0		$	(17	)

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Carrying value after measurement as of period end:
Commercial mortgage loans(1)	$	51	$	64
Mortgage servicing rights(2)	$	68	$	60
Cost method investments(3)	$	0	$	150

__________ 

(1) Commercial mortgage loans are valued based on discounted cash flows utilizing market rates or the fair value of the underlying real estate collateral.

(2) Mortgage servicing rights are valued using a discounted cash flow model. The model incorporates assumptions for servicing revenues, which are adjusted for expected prepayments, delinquency rates, escrow deposit income and estimated loan servicing expenses. The discount rates incorporated into the model are determined based on the estimated returns a market participant would require for this business plus a liquidity and risk premium. This estimate includes available relevant data from any active market sales of mortgage servicing rights.

(3) Due to the adoption of ASU 2016-01 effective January 1, 2018, LPs/LLCs (formerly accounted for under the cost method) are carried at fair value at each reporting date with changes in fair value reported in “Other income.” Therefore, these assets are no longer reported in this table because they are no longer carried at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

Fair Value Option

The fair value option allows the Company to elect fair value as an alternative measurement for selected financial assets and financial liabilities not otherwise reported at fair value. Such elections have been made by the Company to help mitigate volatility in earnings that result from different measurement attributes. Electing the fair value option also allows the Company to achieve consistent accounting for certain assets and liabilities. Changes in fair value are reflected in “Realized investment gains (losses), net” for commercial mortgage and other loans and “Other income” for other invested assets and notes issued by consolidated VIEs. Changes in fair value due to instrument-specific credit risk are estimated using changes in credit spreads and quality ratings for the period reported. Interest income on commercial mortgage and other loans is included in “Net investment income.” Interest income on these loans is recorded based on the effective interest rates as determined at the closing of the loan.

The following tables present information regarding assets and liabilities where the fair value option has been elected.

60

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018		2017
	(in millions)
Assets:
Other invested assets(2):
Changes in fair value	$	0		$	23		$	0	$	77
Liabilities:
Notes issued by consolidated VIEs:
Changes in fair value	$	(3	)	$	(1	)	$	0	$	14

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in millions)
Commercial mortgage and other loans:
Interest income	$	4	$	3	$	6	$	5
Notes issued by consolidated VIEs:
Interest expense	$	9	$	22	$	18	$	44

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Commercial mortgage and other loans(1):
Fair value as of period end	$	330	$	593
Aggregate contractual principal as of period end	$	327	$	582
Other invested assets(2):
Fair value as of period end	$	0	$	1,945
Notes issued by consolidated VIEs:
Fair value as of period end	$	609	$	1,196
Aggregate contractual principal as of period end	$	632	$	1,233

__________ 

(1) As of June 30, 2018, for loans for which the fair value option has been elected, there were no loans in non-accrual status and none of the loans were more than 90 days past due and still accruing.

(2) Effective January 1, 2018,LPs/LLCs are reported at fair value due to adoption of ASU 2016-01, which in prior period were reported at fair value option. See Note 2 for details.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The table below presents the carrying amount and fair value by fair value hierarchy level of certain financial instruments that are not reported at fair value. The financial instruments presented below are reported at carrying value on the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. In some cases, as described below, the carrying amount equals or approximates fair value.

61

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	June 30, 2018(1)
	Fair Value								Carrying Amount(2)
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Total
	(in millions)
Assets:
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(3)	$	0	$	1,481	$	907	$	2,388	$	2,020
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholders liabilities	111		185		0		296		296
Commercial mortgage and other loans	0		128		57,928		58,056		58,292
Policy loans	0		0		11,935		11,935		11,935
Other invested assets	0		49		0		49		49
Short-term investments	1,573		23		0		1,596		1,596
Cash and cash equivalents	7,189		2,163		0		9,352		9,352
Accrued investment income	0		3,235		0		3,235		3,235
Other assets	143		2,538		551		3,232		3,232
Total assets	$	9,016	$	9,802	$	71,321	$	90,139	$	90,007
Liabilities:
Policyholders’ account balances—investment contracts	$	0	$	31,938	$	66,840	$	98,778	$	99,783
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	0		9,540		0		9,540		9,540
Cash collateral for loaned securities	0		4,307		0		4,307		4,307
Short-term debt	0		2,047		41		2,088		2,056
Long-term debt(5)	1,310		14,852		1,822		17,984		16,732
Notes issued by consolidated VIEs	0		0		328		328		328
Other liabilities	0		6,359		579		6,938		6,938
Separate account liabilities—investment contracts	0		72,450		26,148		98,598		98,598
Total liabilities	$	1,310	$	141,493	$	95,758	$	238,561	$	238,282

62

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	December 31, 2017(1)
	Fair Value								Carrying Amount(2)
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Total
	(in millions)
Assets:
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(3)	$	0	$	1,484	$	946	$	2,430	$	2,049
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholders liabilities(4)	58		51		0		109		109
Commercial mortgage and other loans	0		129		56,619		56,748		55,452
Policy loans	1		0		11,890		11,891		11,891
Short-term investments	989		22		0		1,011		1,011
Cash and cash equivalents	5,997		195		0		6,192		6,192
Accrued investment income	0		3,325		0		3,325		3,325
Other assets	45		2,385		685		3,115		3,115
Total assets	$	7,090	$	7,591	$	70,140	$	84,821	$	83,144
Liabilities:
Policyholders’ account balances—investment contracts	$	0	$	33,045	$	67,141	$	100,186	$	99,948
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	0		8,400		0		8,400		8,400
Cash collateral for loaned securities	0		4,354		0		4,354		4,354
Short-term debt	0		1,384		0		1,384		1,380
Long-term debt(5)	1,296		16,369		2,095		19,760		17,172
Notes issued by consolidated VIEs	0		0		322		322		322
Other liabilities	0		6,002		715		6,717		6,717
Separate account liabilities—investment contracts	0		71,336		30,490		101,826		101,826
Total liabilities	$	1,296	$	140,890	$	100,763	$	242,949	$	240,119

__________ 

(1) The information presented as of December 31, 2017, excludes certain hedge funds, private equity funds and other funds that were accounted for using the cost method and for which the fair value was measured at NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. The fair value and the carrying value of these cost method investments were $1,795 million and $1,571 million, respectively. Due to the adoption of ASU 2016-01 effective January 1, 2018, these assets are carried at fair value at each reporting date with changes in fair value reported in “Other income.” Therefore, as of June 30, 2018, these assets are excluded from this table but are reported in the fair value recurring measurement table.

(2) Carrying values presented herein differ from those in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position because certain items within the respective financial statement captions are not considered financial instruments or are out of scope under authoritative guidance relating to disclosures of the fair value of financial instruments.

(3) As of June 30, 2018, excludes notes with fair value and carrying amount of $4,754 million and $4,753 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, excludes notes with fair value and carrying amount of $4,913 million and $4,627 million, respectively. These amounts have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement.

(4) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. See Note 2 for details.

(5) As of June 30, 2018, includes notes with fair value and carrying amount of $8,420 million and $8,419 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, includes notes with fair value and carrying amount of $7,577 million and $7,287 million, respectively. These amounts have been offset with the associated receivables under a netting agreement.

7. CLOSED BLOCK

On December 18, 2001, the date of demutualization, Prudential Insurance established a closed block for certain in force participating insurance policies and annuity products, along with corresponding assets used for the payment of benefits and policyholders’ dividends on these products, (collectively the “Closed Block”), and ceased offering these participating products. The recorded assets and liabilities were allocated to the Closed Block at their historical carrying amounts. The Closed Block forms the principal component of the Closed Block division. For more information on the Closed Block, see Note 12 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

63

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company recognized a policyholder dividend obligation of $2,685 million and $1,790 million, respectively, to Closed Block policyholders for the excess of actual cumulative earnings over expected cumulative earnings. Additionally, accumulated net unrealized investment gains that have arisen subsequent to the establishment of the Closed Block have been reflected as a policyholder dividend obligation of $1,170 million and $3,656 million at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, to be paid to Closed Block policyholders unless offset by future experience, with a corresponding amount reported in AOCI.

Closed Block liabilities and assets designated to the Closed Block, as well as maximum future earnings to be recognized from these liabilities and assets, are as follows:

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Closed Block liabilities
Future policy benefits	$	48,518		$	48,870
Policyholders’ dividends payable	835			829
Policyholders’ dividend obligation	3,855			5,446
Policyholders’ account balances	5,097			5,146
Other Closed Block liabilities	4,712			5,070
Total Closed Block liabilities	63,017			65,361
Closed Block assets
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value	39,170			41,043
Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value(1)	190			339
Equity securities, at fair value(1)	2,149			2,340
Commercial mortgage and other loans	8,898			9,017
Policy loans	4,469			4,543
Other invested assets(1)	3,335			3,159
Short-term investments	364			632
Total investments	58,575			61,073
Cash and cash equivalents	803			789
Accrued investment income	469			474
Other Closed Block assets	424			249
Total Closed Block assets	60,271			62,585
Excess of reported Closed Block liabilities over Closed Block assets	2,746			2,776
Portion of above representing accumulated other comprehensive income:
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	1,132			3,627
Allocated to policyholder dividend obligation	(1,170		)	(3,656		)
Future earnings to be recognized from Closed Block assets and Closed Block liabilities	$	2,708		$	2,747

__________

(1) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. See Note 2 for details.

Information regarding the policyholder dividend obligation is as follows:

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	(in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	5,446
Cumulative-effect adjustment from the adoption of ASU 2016-01(1)	157
Impact from earnings allocable to policyholder dividend obligation	(75		)
Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) allocated to policyholder dividend obligation	(1,673		)
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	3,855

__________

(1) See Note 2 for details.

64

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Closed Block revenues and benefits and expenses are as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Revenues
Premiums	$	602		$	670		$	1,152		$	1,275
Net investment income	593			676			1,190			1,326
Realized investment gains (losses), net	110			81			108			354
Other income (loss)	85			26			107			60
Total Closed Block revenues	1,390			1,453			2,557			3,015
Benefits and Expenses
Policyholders’ benefits	778			855			1,506			1,644
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	33			32			66			65
Dividends to policyholders	508			473			816			1,066
General and administrative expenses	92			97			184			194
Total Closed Block benefits and expenses	1,411			1,457			2,572			2,969
Closed Block revenues, net of Closed Block benefits and expenses, before income taxes	(21		)	(4		)	(15		)	46
Income tax expense (benefit)	(36		)	(17		)	(45		)	20
Closed Block revenues, net of Closed Block benefits and expenses and income taxes	$	15		$	13		$	30		$	26

8. INCOME TAXES

The Company uses a full year projected effective tax rate approach to calculate year-to-date taxes. In addition, certain items impacting total income tax expense are recorded in the periods in which they occur. The projected effective tax rate is the ratio of projected “Total income tax expense” divided by projected “Income before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures.” Taxes attributable to operating joint ventures are recorded within “Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, net of taxes.” The interim period tax expense (or benefit) is the difference between the year-to-date income tax provision and the amounts reported for the previous interim periods of the fiscal year.

The Company’s income tax provision, on a consolidated basis, amounted to an income tax expense of $420 million, or 21.6% of income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, in the first six months of 2018, compared to $520 million, or 22.1%, in the first six months of 2017. The Company’s current effective tax rates differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to non-taxable investment income, tax credits and foreign earnings taxed at higher rates than the U.S. statutory rate. The Company’s prior effective tax rates differed from the U.S statutory rate in effect at that time of 35% primarily due to non-taxable investment income, tax credits and foreign earnings taxed at lower rates than the U.S. statutory rate.

U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Act of 2017”). On December 22, 2017, the Tax Act of 2017 was enacted into U.S. law. As a result, the Company recognized a $2,880 million tax benefit in “Total income tax expense (benefit)” in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2017. In accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin 118, the Company recorded the effects of the Tax Act of 2017 as reasonable estimates due to the need for further analysis of the provisions within the Tax Act of 2017 and collection, preparation and analysis of relevant data necessary to complete the accounting. The Company has not fully completed its accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act of 2017. As the Company completes the collection, preparation and analysis of data relevant to the Tax Act of 2017, and interprets any additional guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), U.S. Department of the Treasury, or other standard-setting organizations, the Company may make adjustments to these provisional amounts. These adjustments may materially impact the Company’s provision for income taxes in the period in which the adjustments are made. During the first six months of 2018, the Company recognized additional refinements of our provisional estimates.

The cumulative financial statement impact related to the Tax Act of 2017 as of June 30, 2018 was as follows:

65

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2017			Six Months Ended June 30, 2018			Total
	(in millions)
Deferred tax revaluation from 35% to 21%	$	(1,592	)	$	(3	)	$	(1,595	)
Adoption of modified territorial system	(1,785		)	(24		)	(1,809		)
Deemed repatriation	497			0			497
Total provision for income tax expense (benefit)	$	(2,880	)	$	(27	)	$	(2,907	)

9. SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM DEBT

Short-term Debt

The table below presents the Company’s short-term debt as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	($ in millions)
Commercial paper:
Prudential Financial	$	19		$	50
Prudential Funding, LLC	516			500
Subtotal commercial paper	535			550
Current portion of long-term debt(1)	1,521			830
Total short-term debt(2)	$	2,056		$	1,380
Supplemental short-term debt information:
Portion of commercial paper borrowings due overnight	$	122		$	277
Daily average commercial paper outstanding	$	1,389		$	1,110
Weighted average maturity of outstanding commercial paper, in days	16			22
Weighted average interest rate on outstanding short-term debt(3)	1.65		%	0.99		%

__________

(1) Includes $41 million that has recourse only to real estate investment property at June 30, 2018.

(2) Includes Prudential Financial debt of $1,499 million and $880 million at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

(3) Excludes the current portion of long-term debt.

Prudential Financial and certain subsidiaries have access to other sources of liquidity, including: membership in the Federal Home Loan Banks, commercial paper programs and a contingent financing facility in the form of a put option agreement. The Company also maintains syndicated, unsecured committed credit facilities as an alternative source of liquidity. At June 30, 2018, no amounts were drawn on the credit facilities. For additional information on these alternative sources of liquidity, see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Long-term Debt

The table below presents the Company’s long-term debt as of the dates indicated:

66

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Fixed-rate notes:
Surplus notes	$	841	$	840
Surplus notes subject to set-off arrangements(1)	6,319		5,187
Senior notes	9,126		8,882
Mortgage debt(2)	240		226
Floating-rate notes:
Surplus notes	0		0
Surplus notes subject to set-off arrangements(1)	2,100		2,100
Senior notes	29		29
Mortgage debt(3)	470		573
Junior subordinated notes(4)	6,026		6,622
Subtotal	25,151		24,459
Less: assets under set-off arrangements(1)	8,419		7,287
Total long-term debt(5)	$	16,732	$	17,172

 __________    

(1) The surplus notes have corresponding assets where rights to set-off exist, thereby reducing the amount of surplus notes included in long-term debt.

(2) Includes $105 million and $107 million of debt denominated in foreign currency at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

(3) Includes $213 million and $245 million of debt denominated in foreign currency at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

(4) Includes Prudential Financial debt of $5,970 million and subsidiary debt of $56 million denominated in foreign currency at June 30, 2018.

(5) Includes Prudential Financial debt of $14,953 million and $15,304 million at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants related to the borrowings in the table above.

Surplus Notes

During the first quarter of 2018, the Company established a new $1.6 billion captive financing facility to finance non-economic reserves required under Regulation XXX. Similar to the Company’s other captive financing facilities, a captive reinsurance subsidiary issues surplus notes under the facility in exchange for credit-linked notes issued by a special-purpose affiliate that are held to support non-economic reserves. The credit-linked notes are redeemable for cash upon the occurrence of a liquidity stress event affecting the captive and external counterparties have agreed to fund these payments. As of June 30, 2018, $100 million of surplus notes were outstanding under the facility and no credit-linked note payments have been required.

During the second quarter of 2018, the Company amended its captive financing facility initially established in March 2017 for the financing of non-economic reserves required under Guideline AXXX to increase the maximum potential size of the facility to $2 billion. The Company also increased the principal amount of surplus notes outstanding under the facility by $820 million. As of June 30, 2018, an aggregate of $1.5 billion of surplus notes were outstanding under this facility and no credit-linked note payments have been required.

Under each of the above transactions, because valid rights of set-off exist, interest and principal payments on the surplus notes and on the credit-linked notes are settled on a net basis, and the surplus notes are reflected in the Company’s total consolidated borrowings on a net basis.

Senior Notes

Medium-Term Notes. Prudential Financial maintains a medium-term notes program under its shelf registration statement with an authorized issuance capacity of $20.0 billion. As of June 30, 2018, the outstanding balance of the Company’s medium-term notes was $8.7 billion, an increase of $1 billion from December 31, 2017. The increase was due to the issuance in the first quarter of $600 million of notes with an interest rate of 3.878% maturing in March 2028 and $400 million of notes with an interest rate of 4.418% maturing in March 2048.

67

Mortgage Debt. As of June 30, 2018, the Company’s subsidiaries had mortgage debt of $751 million that has recourse only to real estate property held for investment by those subsidiaries. This represents a decrease of $48 million from December 31, 2017, due to $77 million of prepayment activity and $6 million from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, partially offset by new borrowings of $35 million.

Junior Subordinated Notes. In April 2018, the Company redeemed all of its $600 million8.875% junior subordinated notes due 2068 and incurred a make-whole fee of $6 million.

10. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Pension and Other Postretirement Plans

The Company has funded and non-funded non-contributory defined benefit pension plans (“Pension Benefits”), which cover substantially all of its employees. For some employees, benefits are based on final average earnings and length of service, while benefits for other employees are based on an account balance that takes into consideration age, service and earnings during their career.

The Company provides certain health care and life insurance benefits for its retired employees, their beneficiaries and covered dependents (“Other Postretirement Benefits”). The health care plan is contributory; the life insurance plan is non-contributory. Substantially all of the Company’s U.S. employees may become eligible to receive Other Postretirement Benefits if they retire after age 55 with at least 10 years of service or under certain circumstances after age 50 with at least 20 years of continuous service.

Net periodic (benefit) cost included in “General and administrative expenses” includes the following components:

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	Pension Benefits						Other Postretirement Benefits
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Components of net periodic (benefit) cost
Service cost	$	79		$	71		$	6		$	5
Interest cost	112			119			17			21
Expected return on plan assets	(205		)	(195		)	(27		)	(26		)
Amortization of prior service cost	(1		)	(1		)	0			0
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss, net	54			48			5			9
Settlements	0			0			0			0
Special termination benefits	1			0			0			0
Net periodic (benefit) cost	$	40		$	42		$	1		$	9
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	Pension Benefits						Other Postretirement Benefits
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Components of net periodic (benefit) cost
Service cost	$	158		$	142		$	12		$	10
Interest cost	224			238			35			41
Expected return on plan assets	(409		)	(390		)	(54		)	(51		)
Amortization of prior service cost	(2		)	(2		)	0			0
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss, net	107			96			9			18
Settlements	0			0			0			0
Special termination benefits	1			3			0			0
Net periodic (benefit) cost	$	79		$	87		$	2		$	18

68

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

11. EQUITY

The changes in the number of shares of Common Stock issued, held in treasury and outstanding, are as follows for the periods indicated:

	Common Stock
	Issued	Held In Treasury		Outstanding
	(in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2017	660.1	237.5		422.6
Common Stock issued	0.0	0.0		0.0
Common Stock acquired	0.0	7.0		(7.0	)
Stock-based compensation programs(1)	0.0	(2.1	)	2.1
Balance, June 30, 2018	660.1	242.4		417.7

__________ 

(1) Represents net shares issued from treasury pursuant to the Company’s stock-based compensation programs.

In December 2017, Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase at management’s discretion up to $1.5 billion of its outstanding Common Stock during the period from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, 7.0 million shares of the Company’s Common Stock were repurchased under this authorization at a total cost of $750 million.

The timing and amount of share repurchases are determined by management based upon market conditions and other considerations, and repurchases may be effected in the open market, through derivative, accelerated repurchase and other negotiated transactions and through prearranged trading plans complying with Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Numerous factors could affect the timing and amount of any future repurchases under the share repurchase authorization, including increased capital needs of the Company due to changes in regulatory capital requirements, opportunities for growth and acquisitions, and the effect of adverse market conditions on the segments.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The balance of and changes in each component of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.” for the six months endedJune 30, 2018 and 2017, are as follows:

	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.
	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)(1)			Pension and Postretirement Unrecognized Net Periodic Benefit (Cost)			Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	(in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	(269	)	$	19,968		$	(2,625	)	$	17,074
Change in OCI before reclassifications	(44		)	(7,502		)	15			(7,531		)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0			(490		)	114			(376		)
Income tax benefit (expense)	6			1,704			(28		)	1,682
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-01	0			(847		)	0			(847		)
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2018-02	(231		)	2,282			(398		)	1,653
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	(538	)	$	15,115		$	(2,922	)	$	11,655

69

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.
	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)(1)			Pension and Postretirement Unrecognized Net Periodic Benefit (Cost)			Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	(in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2016	$	(973	)	$	18,171		$	(2,577	)	$	14,621
Change in OCI before reclassifications	614			2,502			(13		)	3,103
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	2			(820		)	112			(706		)
Income tax benefit (expense)	(77		)	(544		)	(35		)	(656		)
Balance, June 30, 2017	$	(434	)	$	19,309		$	(2,513	)	$	16,362

__________

(1) Includes cash flow hedges of $99 million and $(39) million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and $780 million and $1,316 million as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Affected line item in Consolidated Statements of Operations
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(1)(2):
Foreign currency translation adjustment:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	0		$	(2	)	$	0		$	(3	)	Realized investment gains (losses), net
Foreign currency translation adjustments	0			1			0			1			Other income
Total foreign currency translation adjustment	0			(1		)	0			(2		)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses):
Cash flow hedges—Interest rate	2			(1		)	2			(2		)	(3)
Cash flow hedges—Currency	3			0			0			0			(3)
Cash flow hedges—Currency/Interest rate	294			(62		)	245			(1		)	(3)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities	165			393			243			823
Total net unrealized investment gains (losses)	464			330			490			820			(4)
Amortization of defined benefit pension items:
Prior service cost	1			1			2			2			(5)
Actuarial gain (loss)	(59		)	(57		)	(116		)	(114		)	(5)
Total amortization of defined benefit pension items	(58		)	(56		)	(114		)	(112		)
Total reclassifications for the period	$	406		$	273		$	376		$	706

__________

(1) All amounts are shown before tax.

(2) Positive amounts indicate gains/benefits reclassified out of AOCI. Negative amounts indicate losses/costs reclassified out of AOCI.

(3) See Note 5 for additional information on cash flow hedges.

(4) See table below for additional information on unrealized investment gains (losses), including the impact on deferred policy acquisition and other costs, future policy benefits and policyholders’ dividends.

(5) See Note 10 for information on employee benefit plans.

70

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)

Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on securities classified as available-for-sale and certain other invested assets and other assets are included in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as a component of AOCI. Changes in these amounts include reclassification adjustments to exclude from “Other comprehensive income (loss)” those items that are included as part of “Net income” for a period that had been part of “Other comprehensive income (loss)” in earlier periods. The amounts for the periods indicated below, split between amounts related to fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized, and all other net unrealized investment gains (losses), are as follows:

Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) on Fixed Maturity Securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized

	Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments			DAC, DSI, VOBA and Reinsurance Recoverables			Future Policy Benefits, Policyholders’ Account Balances and Reinsurance Payables		Policyholders’ Dividends			Deferred Income Tax (Liability) Benefit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
	(in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	286		$	(2	)	$	3	$	(46	)	$	(94	)	$	147
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period	(13		)									6			(7		)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income	(56		)									25			(31		)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(1)	(1		)									0			(1		)
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on DAC, DSI, VOBA and reinsurance recoverables				0								0			0
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances and reinsurance payables							0					0			0
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on policyholders’ dividends									22			(9		)	13
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	216		$	(2	)	$	3	$	(24	)	$	(72	)	$	121

__________

(1) Represents “transfers in” related to the portion of OTTI losses recognized during the period that were not recognized in earnings for securities with no prior OTTI loss.

All Other Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) in AOCI

71

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments(1)			DAC, DSI, VOBA and Reinsurance Recoverables			Future Policy Benefits, Policyholders’ Account Balances and Reinsurance Payables			Policyholders’ Dividends			Deferred Income Tax (Liability) Benefit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
	(in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	36,112		$	(1,580	)	$	(1,243	)	$	(3,631	)	$	(9,837	)	$	19,821
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period	(10,160		)										2,857			(7,303		)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income	(434		)										196			(238		)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(2)	1												0			1
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on DAC, DSI, VOBA and reinsurance recoverables				825									(118		)	707
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances and reinsurance payables							165						(265		)	(100		)
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on policyholders’ dividends										1,659			(818		)	841
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-01	(2,042		)							813			212			(1,017		)
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2018-02													2,282			2,282
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	23,477		$	(755	)	$	(1,078	)	$	(1,159	)	$	(5,491	)	$	14,994

__________

(1) Includes cash flow hedges. See Note 5 for information on cash flow hedges.

(2) Represents “transfers out” related to the portion of OTTI losses recognized during the period that were not recognized in earnings for securities with no prior OTTI loss.

72

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

12. EARNINGS PER SHARE

A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted per share computations of Common Stock based on the consolidated earnings of Prudential Financial for the periods indicated, is as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2018					2017
	Income		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount		Income		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount
	(in millions, except per share amounts)
Basic earnings per share
Net income (loss)	$	200				$	496
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	3					5
Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards	4					6
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial available to holders of Common Stock	$	193	419.5	$	0.46	$	485	428.3	$	1.13
Effect of dilutive securities and compensation programs
Add: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards—Basic	$	4				$	6
Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards—Diluted	4					7
Stock options			1.5					2.1
Deferred and long-term compensation programs			1.1					1.0
Exchangeable Surplus Notes	6		5.9			5		5.8
Diluted earnings per share
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial available to holders of Common Stock	$	199	428.0	$	0.46	$	489	437.2	$	1.12

73

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018					2017
	Income		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount		Income		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount
	(in millions, except per share amounts)
Basic earnings per share
Net income (loss)	$	1,564				$	1,868
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	4					8
Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards	18					23
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial available to holders of Common Stock	$	1,542	420.8	$	3.66	$	1,837	429.1	$	4.28
Effect of dilutive securities and compensation programs
Add: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards—Basic	$	18				$	23
Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards—Diluted	18					23
Stock options			1.7					2.2
Deferred and long-term compensation programs			1.1					1.0
Exchangeable Surplus Notes	11		5.9			9		5.8
Diluted earnings per share
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial available to holders of Common Stock	$	1,553	429.5	$	3.62	$	1,846	438.1	$	4.21

Unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends are participating securities and included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Under this method, earnings attributable to Prudential Financial are allocated between Common Stock and the participating awards, as if the awards were a second class of stock. During periods of net income available to holders of Common Stock, the calculation of earnings per share excludes the income attributable to participating securities in the numerator and the dilutive impact of these securities from the denominator. In the event of a net loss available to holders of Common Stock, undistributed earnings are not allocated to participating securities and the denominator excludes the dilutive impact of these securities as they do not share in the losses of the Company. Undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, as applicable, were based on 4.9 million and 5.3 million of such awards, respectively, weighted for the period they were outstanding.

Stock options and shares related to deferred and long-term compensation programs that are considered antidilutive are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share. Stock options are considered antidilutive based on application of the treasury stock method or in the event of a net loss available to holders of Common Stock. Shares related to deferred and long-term compensation programs are considered antidilutive in the event of a net loss available to holders of Common Stock. For the periods indicated, the number of stock options and shares related to deferred and long-term compensation programs that were considered antidilutive and were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, weighted for the portion of the period they were outstanding, are as follows:

74

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017
	Shares	Exercise Price Per Share		Shares	Exercise Price Per Share
	(in millions, except per share amounts, based on weighted average)
Antidilutive stock options based on application of the treasury stock method	0.8	$	108.61	0.4	$	110.26
Antidilutive stock options due to net loss available to holders of Common Stock	0.0			0.0
Antidilutive shares based on application of the treasury stock method	0.0			0.0
Antidilutive shares due to net loss available to holders of Common Stock	0.0			0.0
Total antidilutive stock options and shares	0.8			0.4

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017
	Shares	Exercise Price Per Share		Shares	Exercise Price Per Share
	(in millions, except per share amounts, based on weighted average)
Antidilutive stock options based on application of the treasury stock method	0.5	$	108.35	0.3	$	110.32
Antidilutive stock options due to net loss available to holders of Common Stock	0.0			0.0
Antidilutive shares based on application of the treasury stock method	0.0			0.3
Antidilutive shares due to net loss available to holders of Common Stock	0.0			0.0
Total antidilutive stock options and shares	0.5			0.6

In September 2009, the Company issued $500 million of surplus notes with an interest rate of 5.36% per annum which are exchangeable at the option of the note holders for shares of Common Stock. The initial exchange rate for the surplus notes was 10.1235 shares of Common Stock per each $1,000 principal amount of surplus notes. This was equivalent to 5.1 million shares and an initial exchange price per share of Common Stock of $98.78. The exchange rate is subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments and is accordingly revalued during the fourth quarter of each year. As of June 30, 2018, the exchange rate is equal to 11.7643 shares of Common Stock per each $1,000 principal amount of surplus notes. This is equivalent to 5.88 million shares and an exchange price per share of Common Stock of $85.00. In calculating diluted earnings per share under the if-converted method, the potential shares that would be issued assuming a hypothetical exchange, weighted for the period the notes are outstanding, are added to the denominator, and the related interest expense, net of tax, is excluded from the numerator, if the overall effect is dilutive.

13. SEGMENT INFORMATION

Segments

The Company’s principal operations are comprised of five divisions, which together encompass seven segments, and its Corporate and Other operations. The U.S. Individual Solutions division consists of the Individual Annuities and Individual Life segments. The U.S. Workplace Solutions division consists of the Retirement and Group Insurance segments. The PGIM division consists of the PGIM segment. The International Insurance division consists of the International Insurance segment. The Closed Block division consists of the Closed Block segment. The Closed Block division is accounted for as a divested business that is reported separately from the divested businesses that are included in Corporate and Other operations. The Company’s Corporate and Other operations include corporate items and initiatives that are not allocated to business segments and businesses that have been or will be divested.

75

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Adjusted Operating Income

The Company analyzes the operating performance of each segment using “adjusted operating income.” Adjusted operating income does not equate to “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures” or “Net income (loss)” as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP but is the measure of segment profit or loss used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources, and consistent with authoritative guidance, is the measure of segment performance presented below. Adjusted operating income is calculated by adjusting each segment’s “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures” for the following items:

• realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments;

• charges related to realized investment gains (losses), net;

• net investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities and changes in experience-rated contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes;

• divested businesses; and

• equity in earnings of operating joint ventures and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests.

These items are important to an understanding of overall results of operations. Adjusted operating income is not a substitute for income determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and the Company’s definition of adjusted operating income may differ from that used by other companies. The Company, however, believes that the presentation of adjusted operating income as measured for management purposes enhances the understanding of results of operations by highlighting the results from ongoing operations and the underlying profitability factors of its businesses. For more information on these reconciling items, see Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Beginning in the first quarter of 2018, as a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-01 (see Note 2), changes in the fair value of equity securities are included in net income, but are excluded from adjusted operating income. These changes in fair value are classified as related adjustments within “realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments” reconciling item in the tables below.

Reconciliation of adjusted operating income and net income (loss)

The table below reconciles “adjusted operating income before income taxes” to “income before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures”:

76

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Adjusted operating income before income taxes by segment:
Individual Annuities	$	507		$	612		$	1,026		$	1,080
Individual Life	43			(557		)	79			(439		)
Total U.S. Individual Solutions division(1)	550			55			1,105			641
Retirement	277			308			594			705
Group Insurance	82			136			137			170
Total U.S. Workplace Solutions division(1)	359			444			731			875
PGIM	254			218			486			414
Total PGIM division(1)	254			218			486			414
International Insurance	784			823			1,640			1,622
Total International Insurance division	784			823			1,640			1,622
Corporate and Other operations	(286		)	(312		)	(580		)	(664		)
Total Corporate and Other	(286		)	(312		)	(580		)	(664		)
Total segment adjusted operating income before income taxes	1,661			1,228			3,382			2,888
Reconciling items:
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	393			(1,377		)	480			(1,443		)
Charges related to realized investment gains (losses), net	(116		)	698			(139		)	802
Investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net	(193		)	201			(596		)	245
Change in experience-rated contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes	85			(145		)	503			(157		)
Divested businesses:
Closed Block division	(31		)	(18		)	(40		)	16
Other divested businesses	(1,526		)	35			(1,598		)	41
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	(23		)	(14		)	(49		)	(42		)
Consolidated income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	250		$	608		$	1,943		$	2,350

__________

(1) Prior period divisional subtotals are presented on a basis consistent with the Company’s new organizational structure effective in the fourth quarter of 2017. Individual segment results and consolidated totals remain unchanged. See Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The Individual Annuities segment results reflect DAC as if the individual annuity business is a stand-alone operation. The elimination of intersegment costs capitalized in accordance with this policy is included in consolidating adjustments within Corporate and Other operations.

Reconciliation of select financial information

The table below presents revenues and total assets for the Company’s reportable segments for the periods or as of the dates indicated:

77

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

	Revenues												Total Assets
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Individual Annuities	$	1,266		$	1,306		$	2,518		$	2,521		$	176,798	$	183,666
Individual Life	1,451			654			2,876			2,099			84,320		83,985
Total U.S. Individual Solutions division(1)	2,717			1,960			5,394			4,620			261,118		267,651
Retirement	2,988			3,607			5,077			5,544			177,753		183,629
Group Insurance	1,424			1,362			2,840			2,745			40,940		41,575
Total U.S. Workplace Solutions division(1)	4,412			4,969			7,917			8,289			218,693		225,204
PGIM	816			787			1,642			1,543			47,253		49,944
Total PGIM division(1)	816			787			1,642			1,543			47,253		49,944
International Insurance	5,288			5,483			11,328			10,892			217,537		211,647
Total International Insurance division	5,288			5,483			11,328			10,892			217,537		211,647
Corporate and Other operations	(190		)	(171		)	(363		)	(309		)	14,476		14,556
Total Corporate and Other	(190		)	(171		)	(363		)	(309		)	14,476		14,556
Total	13,043			13,028			25,918			25,035			759,077		769,002
Reconciling items:
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	393			(1,377		)	480			(1,443		)
Charges related to realized investment gains (losses), net	(92		)	(69		)	(163		)	(91		)
Investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net	(193		)	201			(596		)	245
Divested businesses:
Closed Block division	1,388			1,449			2,551			3,006			60,783		63,134
Other divested businesses	143			228			275			409
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	(27		)	(19		)	(53		)	(50		)
Total per Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements	$	14,655		$	13,441		$	28,412		$	27,111		$	819,860	$	832,136

__________

(1) Prior period divisional subtotals are presented on a basis consistent with the Company’s new organizational structure effective in the fourth quarter of 2017. Individual segment results and consolidated totals remain unchanged. See Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Management has determined the intersegment revenues with reference to market rates. Intersegment revenues are eliminated in consolidation in Corporate and Other. The PGIM segment revenues include intersegment revenues, primarily consisting of asset-based management and administration fees, as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in millions)
PGIM segment intersegment revenues	$	185	$	181	$	369	$	353

Segments may also enter into internal derivative contracts with other segments. For adjusted operating income, each segment accounts for the internal derivative results consistent with the manner in which that segment accounts for other similar external derivatives.

78

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Commitments and Guarantees

Commercial Mortgage Loan Commitments

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Total outstanding mortgage loan commitments	$	3,101	$	2,772
Portion of commitment where prearrangement to sell to investor exists	$	1,151	$	435

In connection with the Company’s commercial mortgage operations, it originates commercial mortgage loans. Commitments for loans that will be held for sale are recognized as derivatives and recorded at fair value. In certain of these transactions, the Company pre-arranges that it will sell the loan to an investor, including to government sponsored entities as discussed below, after the Company funds the loan.

Commitments to Purchase Investments (excluding Commercial Mortgage Loans)

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Expected to be funded from the general account and other operations outside the separate accounts	$	6,507	$	6,319
Expected to be funded from separate accounts	$	118	$	141

The Company has other commitments to purchase or fund investments, some of which are contingent upon events or circumstances not under the Company’s control, including those at the discretion of the Company’s counterparties. The Company anticipates a portion of these commitments will ultimately be funded from its separate accounts.

Indemnification of Securities Lending Transactions

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Indemnification provided to certain securities lending clients	$	5,440	$	4,619
Fair value of related collateral associated with above indemnifications	$	5,568	$	4,722
Accrued liability associated with guarantee	$	0	$	0

In the normal course of business, the Company may facilitate securities lending transactions on behalf of certain client accounts (collectively, “the accounts”) for which the Company is also the investment advisor and/or the asset manager. In certain of these arrangements, the Company has provided an indemnification to the accounts to hold them harmless against losses caused by counterparty (i.e., borrower) defaults associated with the securities lending activity facilitated by the Company. Collateral is provided by the counterparty to the accounts at the inception of the loan equal to or greater than 102% of the fair value of the loaned securities and the collateral is maintained daily at 102% or greater of the fair value of the loaned securities. The Company is only at risk if the counterparty to the securities lending transaction defaults and the value of the collateral held is less than the value of the securities loaned to such counterparty. The Company believes the possibility of any payments under these indemnities is remote.

Credit Derivatives Written

As discussed further in Note 5, the Company writes credit derivatives under which the Company is obligated to pay the counterparty the referenced amount of the contract and receive in return the defaulted security or similar security.

79

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Guarantees of Asset Values

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Guaranteed value of third-parties’ assets	$	77,495	$	77,290
Fair value of collateral supporting these assets	$	76,469	$	77,651
Asset (liability) associated with guarantee, carried at fair value	$	2	$	(1	)

Certain contracts underwritten by the Retirement segment include guarantees related to financial assets owned by the guaranteed party. These contracts are accounted for as derivatives and carried at fair value. The collateral supporting these guarantees is not reflected on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

Indemnification of Serviced Mortgage Loans

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Maximum exposure under indemnification agreements for mortgage loans serviced by the Company	$	1,674	$	1,609
First-loss exposure portion of above	$	501	$	483
Accrued liability associated with guarantees	$	15	$	14

As part of the commercial mortgage activities of the Company’s PGIM segment, the Company provides commercial mortgage origination, underwriting and servicing for certain government sponsored entities, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The Company has agreed to indemnify the government sponsored entities for a portion of the credit risk associated with certain of the mortgages it services through a delegated authority arrangement. Under these arrangements, the Company originates multi-family mortgages for sale to the government sponsored entities based on underwriting standards they specify, and makes payments to them for a specified percentage share of losses they incur on certain loans serviced by the Company. The Company’s percentage share of losses incurred generally varies from 2% to 20% of the loan balance, and is typically based on a first-loss exposure for a stated percentage of the loan balance, plus a shared exposure with the government sponsored entity for any losses in excess of the stated first-loss percentage, subject to a contractually specified maximum percentage. The Company determines the liability related to this exposure using historical loss experience, and the size and remaining life of the asset. The Company services $13,168 million and $12,892 million of mortgages subject to these loss-sharing arrangements as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, all of which are collateralized by first priority liens on the underlying multi-family residential properties. As of June 30, 2018, these mortgages had a weighted-average debt service coverage ratio of 1.88 times and a weighted-average loan-to-value ratio of 60%. As of December 31, 2017, these mortgages had a weighted average debt service coverage ratio of 1.82 times and a weighted-average loan-to-value ratio of 59%. The Company had no losses related to indemnifications that were settled for the six months endedJune 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Other Guarantees

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Other guarantees where amount can be determined	$	84	$	31
Accrued liability for other guarantees and indemnifications	$	0	$	0

The Company is also subject to other financial guarantees and indemnity arrangements. The Company has provided indemnities and guarantees related to acquisitions, dispositions, investments and other transactions that are triggered by, among other things, breaches of representations, warranties or covenants provided by the Company. These obligations are typically subject to various time limitations, defined by the contract or by operation of law, such as statutes of limitation. In some cases, the maximum potential obligation is subject to contractual limitations, while in other cases such limitations are not specified or applicable. Included above is $31 million for both June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 of yield maintenance guarantees related to certain investments the Company sold. The Company does not expect to make any payments on these guarantees and is not carrying any liabilities associated with these guarantees.

Since certain of these obligations are not subject to limitations, it is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount due under these guarantees. The accrued liabilities identified above do not include retained liabilities associated with sold businesses.

80

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Contingent Liabilities

On an ongoing basis, the Company’s internal supervisory and control functions review the quality of sales, marketing and other customer interface procedures and practices and may recommend modifications or enhancements. From time to time, this review process results in the discovery of product administration, servicing or other errors, including errors relating to the timing or amount of payments or contract values due to customers or other parties. In certain cases, if appropriate, the Company may offer customers or other parties remediation and may incur charges, including the cost of such remediation, administrative costs and regulatory fines.

The Company is subject to the laws and regulations of states and other jurisdictions concerning the identification, reporting and escheatment of unclaimed or abandoned funds, and is subject to audit and examination for compliance with these requirements. For additional discussion of these matters, see “—Litigation and Regulatory Matters” below.

It is possible that the results of operations or the cash flow of the Company in a particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected as a result of payments in connection with the matters discussed above or other matters depending, in part, upon the results of operations or cash flow for such period. Management believes, however, that ultimate payments in connection with these matters, after consideration of applicable reserves and rights to indemnification, should not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position.

Litigation and Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to legal and regulatory actions in the ordinary course of its businesses. Pending legal and regulatory actions include proceedings relating to aspects of the Company’s businesses and operations that are specific to it and proceedings that are typical of the businesses in which it operates, including in both cases businesses that have been either divested or placed in wind down status. Some of these proceedings have been brought on behalf of various alleged classes of complainants. In certain of these matters, the plaintiffs are seeking large and/or indeterminate amounts, including punitive or exemplary damages. The outcome of litigation or a regulatory matter, and the amount or range of potential loss at any particular time, is often inherently uncertain.

The Company establishes accruals for litigation and regulatory matters when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of that loss can be reasonably estimated. For litigation and regulatory matters where a loss may be reasonably possible, but not probable, or is probable but not reasonably estimable, no accrual is established but the matter, if potentially material, is disclosed, including matters discussed below. The Company estimates that as of June 30, 2018, the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses in excess of accruals established for those litigation and regulatory matters for which such an estimate currently can be made is less than $250 million. Any estimate is not an indication of expected loss, if any, or the Company’s maximum possible loss exposure on such matters. The Company reviews relevant information with respect to its litigation and regulatory matters on a quarterly and annual basis and updates its accruals, disclosures and estimates of reasonably possible loss based on such reviews.

The following discussion of litigation and regulatory matters provides an update of those matters discussed in Note 23 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, and should be read in conjunction with the complete descriptions provided in the Form 10-K.

Individual Annuities, Individual Life and Group Insurance

Huffman v. The Prudential Insurance Company of America

In April 2018, the Third Circuit Court of Appeals denied Prudential Insurance’s request for leave to appeal the class certification decision.

Escheatment Litigation

Total Asset Recovery Services, LLC v. MetLife, Inc., et al., Prudential Financial, Inc., The Prudential Insurance Company of America, and Prudential Insurance Agency, LLC

In May 2018, defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Second Amended Complaint.

Other Matters

Rosen v. PRIAC, et al.

81

PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

In March 2018, plaintiff’s time to appeal the decision of the Court of Appeals expired. This case is now closed.

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Trustee Litigation

PICA et al. v. Citibank N.A.

In March 2018, the federal court granted Citibank’s motion for summary judgment. In April 2018, plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from the March 2018 decision granting summary judgment.

PICA et al. v. Deutsche Bank, et al.

In May 2018, plaintiffs’ motion for class certification was denied in the state court action. In June 2018, plaintiffs filed a Notice of Appeal to the California Court of Appeal of the denial of their class certification motion.

PICA et al. v. HSBC, et al.

In February 2018, the court denied plaintiffs’ motion for class certification and plaintiffs filed a petition with the Second Circuit Court of Appeals seeking permission to appeal the class certification decision. In May 2018, the Second Circuit denied plaintiffs’ request for permission to appeal the denial of their class certification motion.

PICA et al. v. U.S. Bank N.A.

In February 2018, the federal court entered a stipulated order: (i) dismissing all claims involving three trusts with prejudice; (ii) with respect to twenty trusts, dismissing with prejudice the Trust Indenture Act (“TIA”) claims for lack of standing, and the breach of contract claims without prejudice; and (iii) dismissing without prejudice the TIA and breach of contract claims concerning the four remaining trusts. In February 2018, U.S. Bank filed an appeal from the state court’s order concerning U.S. Bank’s motion to dismiss the amended complaint. In March 2018, plaintiffs filed a cross-appeal of the state court’s order concerning the motion to dismiss.

Summary

The Company’s litigation and regulatory matters are subject to many uncertainties, and given their complexity and scope, their outcome cannot be predicted. It is possible that the Company’s results of operations or cash flow in a particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by an ultimate unfavorable resolution of pending litigation and regulatory matters depending, in part, upon the results of operations or cash flow for such period. In light of the unpredictability of the Company’s litigation and regulatory matters, it is also possible that in certain cases an ultimate unfavorable resolution of one or more pending litigation or regulatory matters could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position. Management believes, however, that, based on information currently known to it, the ultimate outcome of all pending litigation and regulatory matters, after consideration of applicable reserves and rights to indemnification, is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
Overview	84
Regulatory Developments	84
Impact of a Low Interest Rate Environment	85
Results of Operations	88
Consolidated Results of Operations	88
Segment Results of Operations	89
Segment Measures	93
Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates	93
Accounting Policies & Pronouncements	96
Results of Operations by Segment	98
Individual Annuities	98
Individual Life	103
Retirement	106
Group Insurance	108
PGIM	110
International Insurance	115
Corporate and Other	120
Divested Businesses	121
Closed Block Division	121
Income Taxes	123
Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities, Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities and Other Related Investments	123
Valuation of Assets and Liabilities	124
Realized Investment Gains and Losses	127
General Account Investments	132
Liquidity and Capital Resources	149
Ratings	158
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements	159

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) addresses the consolidated financial condition of Prudential Financial, Inc. (“Prudential,” “Prudential Financial,” “PFI,” or “the Company”) as of June 30, 2018, compared with December 31, 2017, and its consolidated results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. You should read the following analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the MD&A, the “Risk Factors” section, and the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as well as the statements under “Forward-Looking Statements” and the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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Overview

Prudential Financial, a financial services leader with approximately $1.388 trillion of assets under management as of June 30, 2018, has operations primarily in the United States, Asia, Europe and Latin America. Through our subsidiaries and affiliates, we offer a wide array of financial products and services, including life insurance, annuities, retirement-related services, mutual funds and investment management. We offer these products and services to individual and institutional customers through one of the largest distribution networks in the financial services industry.

Our principal operations are comprised of five divisions, which together encompass seven segments, and our Corporate and Other operations. The U.S. Individual Solutions division consists of our Individual Annuities and Individual Life segments. The U.S. Workplace Solutions division consists of our Retirement and Group Insurance segments. The PGIM division is comprised of the PGIM segment, our global investment management businesses (retitled from the “Investment Management division” and the “Investment Management segment” effective in the second quarter of 2018). The International Insurance division consists of our International Insurance segment. The Closed Block division consists of our Closed Block segment. The Closed Block division is accounted for as a divested business that is reported separately from the divested businesses that are included in Corporate and Other operations. Our Corporate and Other operations include corporate items and initiatives that are not allocated to business segments and businesses that have been or will be divested.

We attribute financing costs to each segment based on the amount of financing used by each segment, excluding financing costs associated with corporate debt which are reflected in Corporate and Other operations. The net investment income of each segment includes earnings on the amount of capital that management believes is necessary to support the risks of that segment.

Regulatory Developments

Fiduciary Rules

In March 2018, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals vacated the fiduciary rules adopted by the U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) in April 2016. The decision became effective in June 2018. We cannot predict how the decision will impact our businesses, including in view of other pending regulatory developments regarding enhanced standards of care.

In April 2018, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) proposed a package of rulemakings and interpretative guidance that would, among other things, require broker-dealers to act in the best interest of retail customers when recommending securities transactions or investment strategies to them. The proposals would also clarify the SEC’s views of the fiduciary duty that investment advisers owe to their clients. If enacted in their current form, we believe the primary impact of the proposals would be in our Individual Annuities, Retirement, PGIM and Individual Life segments and our Prudential Advisors distribution system, which we include in the results of our Individual Life segment. Given the uncertainty of the ultimate outcome of these proposals, we cannot predict the timing of any final rules or interpretations or their expected effects on our businesses.

In July 2018, the New York Department of Financial Services issued an amendment to its suitability regulations which will impose a best-interest standard on the sale of annuity and life insurance products in New York. We cannot predict what impact the New York regulation will have on our businesses.

State Insurance Exam

In June 2018, the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance, along with the insurance regulators of Arizona, Connecticut and Indiana, completed their first global consolidated group-wide examination of Prudential and its subsidiaries for the five-year period ended December 31, 2016 and had no reportable findings.

Risk-Based Capital

In June 2018, the Capital Adequacy Task Force of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (the “NAIC”) approved revisions to the NAIC’s risk-based capital (“RBC”) framework in respect of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act of 2017”). The revisions are subject to approval by the NAIC’s Financial Condition Committee and, if approved, will apply to our domestic life insurance companies’ RBC ratios as of December 31, 2018. For a discussion of the impact of the Tax Act of 2017 and these changes on our RBC ratios, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital—Insurance Regulatory Capital.”

For additional information on the potential impacts of regulation on the Company, see “Business—Regulation” and “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

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Impact of a Low Interest Rate Environment

As a global financial services company, market interest rates are a key driver of our results of operations and financial condition. Changes in interest rates can affect our results of operations and/or our financial condition in several ways, including favorable or adverse impacts to:

• investment-related activity, including: investment income returns, net interest margins, net investment spread results, new money rates, mortgage loan prepayments and bond redemptions;

• insurance reserve levels, market experience true-ups and amortization of both deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”) and value of business acquired (“VOBA”);

• customer account values, including their impact on fee income;

• fair value of, and possible impairments on, intangible assets such as goodwill;

• product offerings, design features, crediting rates and sales mix; and

• policyholder behavior, including surrender or withdrawal activity.

For more information on interest rate risks, see “Risk Factors—Market Risk” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

See below for discussions related to the current interest rate environments in our two largest markets, the United States and Japan; the composition of our insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances; and the hypothetical impacts to our results if these interest rate environments are sustained.

U.S. Operations excluding the Closed Block Division

Interest rates in the U.S. continue to remain lower than historical levels, despite the Federal Reserve Board’s action in June 2018 to further raise short-term interest rates by a total of 25 basis points (“bps”). Market conditions and events make uncertain the timing, amount and impact of any further monetary policy decisions by the Federal Reserve. Given this continued low rate environment, our current reinvestment yields remain lower than the overall portfolio yield, primarily for our investments in fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans and, as a result, our overall portfolio yields are expected to continue to decline.

For the general account supporting our U.S. Individual Solutions division, U.S. Workplace Solutions division, PGIM division and our Corporate and Other operations, we expect annual scheduled payments and prepayments to be approximately 6.0% of the fixed maturity security and commercial mortgage loan portfolios through 2019. The portion of the general account attributable to these operations has approximately $190 billion of such assets (based on net carrying value) as of June 30, 2018. As these assets mature, the average portfolio yield for fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans of approximately 4.2% as of June 30, 2018, is expected to decline due to reinvesting in a lower interest rate environment.

Included in the $190 billion of fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans are approximately $110 billion that are subject to call or redemption features at the issuer’s option and have a weighted average interest rate of approximately 4%. Of this $110 billion, approximately 65% contain provisions for prepayment premiums. The reinvestment of scheduled payments or prepayments (not subject to a prepayment fee) at rates below the current portfolio yield, including in some cases at rates below those guaranteed under our insurance contracts, will impact future operating results to the extent we do not, or are unable to, reduce crediting rates on in force blocks of business, or effectively utilize other asset/liability management strategies described below, in order to maintain current net interest margins.

The following table sets forth the insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances of our U.S. Operations excluding the Closed Block Division, by type, for the date indicated:

	As of June 30, 2018
	(in billions)
Long-duration insurance products with fixed and guaranteed terms	$	114
Contracts with adjustable crediting rates subject to guaranteed minimums	56
Participating contracts where investment income risk ultimately accrues to contractholders	15
Total	$	185

The $114 billion above relates to long-duration products such as group annuities, structured settlements and other insurance products that have fixed and guaranteed terms, for which underlying assets may have to be reinvested at interest rates that are lower than portfolio rates. We seek to mitigate the impact of a prolonged low interest rate environment on these contracts through asset/liability management, as discussed further below.

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The $56 billion above relates to contracts with crediting rates that may be adjusted over the life of the contract, subject to guaranteed minimums. Although we may have the ability to lower crediting rates for those contracts above guaranteed minimums, our willingness to do so may be limited by competitive pressures. The following table sets forth the related account values by range of guaranteed minimum crediting rates and the related range of the difference, in bps, between rates being credited to contractholders as of June 30, 2018, and the respective guaranteed minimums.

	Account Values with Adjustable Crediting Rates Subject to Guaranteed Minimums:
	At guaranteed minimum			1-49 bps above guaranteed minimum			50-99 bps above guaranteed minimum			100-150 bps above guaranteed minimum			Greater than 150 bps above guaranteed minimum			Total
	($ in billions)
Range of Guaranteed Minimum Crediting Rates:
Less than 1.00%	$	0.5		$	1.1		$	0.5		$	0.0		$	0.0		$	2.1
1.00% - 1.99%	1.0			9.1			6.5			1.7			0.3			18.6
2.00% - 2.99%	1.3			0.7			0.4			2.5			0.5			5.4
3.00% - 4.00%	26.7			2.0			0.2			0.1			0.0			29.0
Greater than 4.00%	1.0			0.0			0.0			0.0			0.0			1.0
Total(1)	$	30.5		$	12.9		$	7.6		$	4.3		$	0.8		$	56.1
Percentage of total	54		%	23		%	14		%	8		%	1		%	100		%

__________

(1) Includes approximately $0.85 billion related to contracts that impose a market value adjustment if the invested amount is not held to maturity.

The remaining $15 billion of insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances in these operations relates to participating contracts for which the investment income risk is expected to ultimately accrue to contractholders. The crediting rates for these contracts are periodically adjusted based on the return earned on the related assets.

Assuming a hypothetical scenario where the average 10-year U.S. Treasury rate is 2.90% for the period from July 1, 2018 through December 31, 2019, and credit spreads remain unchanged from levels as of June 30, 2018, we estimate that the unfavorable impact to pre-tax adjusted operating income of reinvesting in such an environment, compared to reinvesting at current average portfolio yields, would be approximately $1 million in 2018 and $10 million in 2019. This impact is most significant in the Retirement and Individual Annuities segments. This hypothetical scenario only reflects the impact related to the approximately $56 billion of contracts shown in the table above, and does not reflect: any benefit from potential changes to the crediting rates on the corresponding contractholder liabilities where the Company has the contractual ability to do so, or other potential mitigants such as changes in investment mix that we may implement as funds are reinvested; any impact related to assets that do not directly support our liabilities; any impact from other factors, including but not limited to, new business, contractholder behavior, product modifications, changes in product offerings, changes in competitive conditions or changes in capital markets; or any impact from other factors described below. See “—Segment Measures” for a discussion of adjusted operating income and its use as a measure of segment operating performance.

In order to mitigate the unfavorable impact that the current interest rate environment has on our net interest margins, we employ a proactive asset/liability management program, which includes strategic asset allocation and hedging strategies within a disciplined risk management framework. These strategies seek to match the characteristics of our products, and to closely approximate the interest rate sensitivity of the assets with the estimated interest rate sensitivity of the product liabilities. Our asset/liability management program also helps manage duration gaps, currency and other risks between assets and liabilities through the use of derivatives. We adjust this dynamic process as products change, as customer behavior changes and as changes in the market environment occur. As a result, our asset/liability management process has permitted us to manage the interest rate risk associated with our products through several market cycles. Our interest rate exposure is also mitigated by our business mix, which includes lines of business for which fee-based and insurance underwriting earnings play a more prominent role in product profitability.

Closed Block Division

Substantially all of the $59 billion of general account assets in the Closed Block division support obligations and liabilities relating to the Closed Block policies only. See Note 7 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the Closed Block.

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International Insurance Operations

While our international insurance operations have experienced a low interest rate environment for many years, the current reinvestment yields for certain blocks of business in our international insurance operations are generally lower than the current portfolio yield supporting these blocks of business. In recent years, the Bank of Japan’s monetary policy has resulted in even lower and, at times, negative yields for certain tenors of government bonds. Our international insurance operations employ a proactive asset/liability management program in order to mitigate, to the extent possible, the unfavorable impact that the current interest rate environment has on our net interest margins. In conjunction with this program, we have not purchased negative yielding assets to support the portfolio and we continue to purchase long-term bonds with tenors of 30 years or greater. Additionally, our diverse product portfolio in terms of currency mix and premium payment structure allows us to further mitigate the negative impact from this low interest rate environment. We regularly examine our product offerings and their profitability. As a result, we have repriced certain products, adjusted commissions for certain products and have discontinued sales of other products that do not meet our profit expectations. The impact of these actions, coupled with the strengthening of the yen against the U.S. dollar and introduction of certain new products, has resulted in an increase in sales of U.S. dollar-denominated products relative to products denominated in other currencies. For additional information on sales within our international insurance operations, see “—International Insurance Division—International Insurance—Sales Results,” below.

The following table sets forth the insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances of our Japanese operations, by type, for the date indicated:

	As of June 30, 2018
	(in billions)
Long-duration insurance products with fixed and guaranteed terms	$	129
Contracts with a market value adjustment if invested amount is not held to maturity	26
Contracts with adjustable crediting rates subject to guaranteed minimums	10
Total	$	165

The $129 billion above is predominantly comprised of long-duration insurance products that have fixed and guaranteed terms, for which underlying assets may have to be reinvested at interest rates that are lower than current portfolio yields. The remaining insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances include $26 billion related to contracts that impose a market value adjustment if the invested amount is not held to maturity and $10 billion related to contracts with crediting rates that may be adjusted over the life of the contract, subject to guaranteed minimums. Most of the current crediting rates on these contracts, however, are at or near contractual minimums. Although we have the ability in some cases to lower crediting rates for those contracts that are above guaranteed minimum crediting rates, the majority of this business has interest crediting rates that are determined by formula.

Assuming a hypothetical scenario within our Japanese and Korean operations where 2018 new money yields would be 25 bps lower than projected, and applying these lower new money yields to annualized investment of renewal premiums, proceeds from investment disposition and reinvestment of investment income, we estimate that the unfavorable impact would reduce adjusted operating income in 2018 by approximately $10 to $15 million. This hypothetical scenario excludes first-year premium, single pay premium, multi-currency fixed annuity cash flows, any potential benefit from repricing products and any impact from other factors, including but not limited to new business, contractholder behavior, changes in competitive conditions, changes in capital markets and the effect of derivative instruments.

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Results of Operations

Consolidated Results of Operations

The following table summarizes net income (loss) for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in millions)
Revenues	$	14,655	$	13,441	$	28,412	$	27,111
Benefits and expenses	14,405		12,833		26,469		24,761
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	250		608		1,943		2,350
Income tax expense (benefit)	68		125		420		520
Income (loss) before equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	182		483		1,523		1,830
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, net of taxes	18		13		41		38
Net income (loss)	200		496		1,564		1,868
Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interests	3		5		4		8
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	197	$	491	$	1,560	$	1,860

Three Month Comparison. The $294 milliondecrease in “Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.” for the second quarter of 2018 compared to the second quarter of 2017 reflected the following notable items:

• $1,302 million unfavorable variance from adjustments to reserves as well as DAC and other costs, reflecting updates to the estimated profitability of our businesses, including the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. This excludes the impact associated with the variable annuity hedging program discussed below (see “—Results of Operations by Segment—U.S. Individual Solutions Division—Individual Annuities” for additional information); and

• $181 million net unfavorable variance, on a pre-tax basis, primarily from a higher loss in the current period from our Divested Businesses compared to the prior period, excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above.

Partially offsetting these decreases in “Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.” were the following items:

• $1,088 million favorable variance, on a pre-tax basis, reflecting the net impact from changes in the value of our embedded derivatives and related hedge positions associated with certain variable annuities (see “—Results of Operations by Segment—U.S. Individual Solutions Division—Individual Annuities—Variable Annuity Risks and Risk Mitigants” for additional information); and

• $101 million favorable variance from net pre-tax realized investment gains and losses for PFI excluding the Closed Block division, and excluding the impact of the hedging program associated with certain variable annuities discussed above (see “—Realized Investment Gains and Losses” for additional information).

Six Month Comparison. The $300 milliondecrease in “Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.” for the first six months of 2018 compared to the first six months of 2017 reflected the following notable items:

• $1,305 million unfavorable variance from adjustments to reserves as well as DAC and other costs, reflecting updates to the estimated profitability of our businesses, including the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. This excludes the impact associated with the variable annuity hedging program discussed below (see “—Results of Operations by Segment—U.S. Individual Solutions Division—Individual Annuities” for additional information);

• $260 million net unfavorable variance, on a pre-tax basis, primarily from a loss in the current period from our Divested Businesses compared to income in the prior period, excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above; and

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• $183 million unfavorable variance from net pre-tax realized investment gains and losses for PFI excluding the Closed Block division, and excluding the impact of the hedging program associated with certain variable annuities discussed below (see “—Realized Investment Gains and Losses” for additional information).

Partially offsetting these decreases in “Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.” were the following item:

• $1,448 million favorable variance, on a pre-tax basis, reflecting the net impact from changes in the value of our embedded derivatives and related hedge positions associated with certain variable annuities (see “—Results of Operations by Segment—U.S. Individual Solutions Division—Individual Annuities—Variable Annuity Risks and Risk Mitigants” for additional information).

Segment Results of Operations

We analyze the performance of our segments and Corporate and Other operations using a measure of segment profitability called adjusted operating income. See “—Segment Measures” for a discussion of adjusted operating income and its use as a measure of segment operating performance.

Annual Reviews and Update of Assumptions and Other Refinements

Annually during the second quarter of each year, we perform a comprehensive review of actuarial assumptions utilized in measuring insurance liabilities and expected gross profits used in amortizing deferred acquisition costs, sales inducement costs and unearned revenue reserves. The assumptions reviewed include, but are not necessarily limited to, inputs such as mortality, morbidity, contractholder behavior and expected future rates of returns on investments. As part of this review, we may update these assumptions and make refinements to our models based upon emerging experience, future expectations and other data, including any observable market data. These assumptions are generally updated annually during the second quarter of each year, unless a material change in experience that we feel is indicative of a long-term trend is observed during an interim period.

Shown below are the impacts on our adjusted operating income from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. The information below is presented by each segment and Corporate and Other operations and includes a reconciliation of these impacts to the impacts within income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures.

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	Three and Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017
	(in millions)
Favorable (unfavorable) impact to adjusted operating income before income taxes by segment:
Individual Annuities	$	10		$	46
Individual Life	(65		)	(653		)
Total U.S. Individual Solutions division(1)	(55		)	(607		)
Retirement	(68		)	(20		)
Group Insurance	31			55
Total U.S. Workplace Solutions division(1)	(37		)	35
International Insurance	(81		)	(46		)
Total International Insurance division	(81		)	(46		)
Corporate and Other operations	3			(4		)
Total Corporate and Other	3			(4		)
Total segment favorable (unfavorable) impact to adjusted operating income before income taxes	(170		)	(622		)
Reconciling items:
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	(229		)	(195		)
Charges related to realized investment gains (losses), net	4			325
Divested businesses:
Closed Block division	(1		)	(2		)
Other divested businesses	(1,458		)	(26		)
Favorable (unfavorable) impact to consolidated income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	(1,854	)	$	(520	)

__________

(1) Prior period divisional subtotals are presented on a basis consistent with the Company’s new organizational structure effective in the fourth quarter of 2017. Individual segment results and consolidated totals remain unchanged. For additional information, see Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

See “—Results of Operations by Segment” for a discussion of the impacts of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements.

Summary of Results of Operations by Segment

Shown below are the adjusted operating income contributions of each segment and Corporate and Other operations for the periods indicated and a reconciliation of this segment measure of performance to “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures” as presented in our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Adjusted operating income before income taxes by segment:
Individual Annuities	$	507		$	612		$	1,026		$	1,080
Individual Life	43			(557		)	79			(439		)
Total U.S. Individual Solutions division(1)	550			55			1,105			641
Retirement	277			308			594			705
Group Insurance	82			136			137			170
Total U.S. Workplace Solutions division(1)	359			444			731			875
PGIM	254			218			486			414
Total PGIM division(1)	254			218			486			414
International Insurance	784			823			1,640			1,622
Total International Insurance division	784			823			1,640			1,622
Corporate and Other operations	(286		)	(312		)	(580		)	(664		)
Total Corporate and Other	(286		)	(312		)	(580		)	(664		)
Total segment adjusted operating income before income taxes	1,661			1,228			3,382			2,888
Reconciling items:
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments(2)	393			(1,377		)	480			(1,443		)
Charges related to realized investment gains (losses), net(3)	(116		)	698			(139		)	802
Investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net(4)	(193		)	201			(596		)	245
Change in experience-rated contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes(5)	85			(145		)	503			(157		)
Divested businesses(6):
Closed Block division	(31		)	(18		)	(40		)	16
Other divested businesses	(1,526		)	35			(1,598		)	41
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests(7)	(23		)	(14		)	(49		)	(42		)
Consolidated income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	250		$	608		$	1,943		$	2,350

__________

(1) Prior period divisional subtotals are presented on a basis consistent with the Company’s new organizational structure effective in the fourth quarter of 2017. Individual segment results and consolidated totals remain unchanged. For additional information, see Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

(2) Represents “Realized investment gains (losses), net,” and related adjustments. See “—Realized Investment Gains and Losses” and Note 13 to our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

(3) Includes charges that represent the impact of realized investment gains (losses), net, on the amortization of DAC and other costs, and on changes in reserves. Also includes charges resulting from payments related to market value adjustment features of certain of our annuity products and the impact of realized investment gains (losses), net, on the amortization of unearned revenue reserves.

(4) Represents net investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities. See “—Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities, Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities and Other Related Investments.”

(5) Represents changes in contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes in the pool of investments supporting these experience-rated contracts. See “—Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities, Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities and Other Related Investments.”

(6) Represents the contribution to income (loss) of divested businesses that have been or will be sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind down, but that did not qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). See “—Divested Businesses.”

(7) Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures are included in adjusted operating income but excluded from income before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures as they are reflected on an after-tax U.S. GAAP basis as a separate line item in our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations. Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests are excluded from adjusted operating income but included in income before taxes and equity earnings of operating joint ventures as they are reflected on a U.S. GAAP basis as a separate line in our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations. Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests represent the portion of earnings from consolidated entities that relates to the equity interests of minority investors.

Results for the periods presented above reflect the following:

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Individual Annuities. Segment results for both the second quarter of 2018 and the first six months of 2018 decreased in comparison to the prior year periods, primarily reflecting less favorable comparative net impacts from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other reserve refinements. Excluding these impacts, segment results for the second quarter of 2018 decreased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting lower net investment spread results and higher capital hedge costs, partially offset by higher fee income attributable to higher average account values. Segment results for the first six months of 2018 increased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily driven by higher asset-based fee income, net of associated costs, as well as lower amortization costs and reserve provisions, partially offset by lower net investment spread results and higher capital hedge costs.

Individual Life. Segment results for both the second quarter of 2018 and the first six months of 2018 increased in comparison to the prior year periods, primarily reflecting favorable comparative net impacts from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these impacts, results for the second quarter of 2018 increased driven by business growth and lower expenses, partially offset by the unfavorable ongoing impact from the assumption updates on current period results and an unfavorable impact from mortality experience, while results for the first six months of 2018 decreased driven by the ongoing impact of our second quarter of 2017 assumption updates on current period results.

Retirement. Segment results for both the second quarter of 2018 and the first six months of 2018 decreased in comparison to the prior year periods, primarily reflecting a net unfavorable comparative impact from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, lower net investment spread results and higher general and administrative expenses, partially offset by higher gains on mortality experience for pension risk transfer contracts.

Group Insurance. Segment results for both the second quarter of 2018 and the first six months of 2018 decreased in comparison to the prior year periods, reflecting less favorable comparative net impacts from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other reserve refinements. Excluding these impacts, segment results for the second quarter of 2018 decreased in comparison to the prior year period, reflecting higher expenses and less favorable underwriting results in our group life business, partially offset by more favorable underwriting results in our group disability business. Segment results for the first six months of 2018 decreased in comparison to the prior year period, reflecting higher expenses and a lower contribution from net investment spread results, partially offset by more favorable underwriting results in our group life and group disability businesses.

PGIM. Segment results for the second quarter of 2018increased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting higher asset management fees, net of related expenses, partially offset by lower other related revenues, net of associated expenses. Results for the first six months of 2018 increased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting higher asset management fees, net of related expenses, and higher other related revenues, net of associated expenses, partially offset by higher other expenses.

International Insurance. Segment results for the second quarter of 2018 decreased compared to the prior year period, while segment results for the first six months of 2018 increased in comparison to the prior year period, inclusive of favorable net impacts from foreign currency exchange rates and comparatively unfavorable net impacts from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Results for the second quarter of 2018, in comparison to the prior year period, reflected a lower contribution from net investment results, an unfavorable impact from a shift in earnings seasonality resulting from the elimination of the one-month reporting lag for Gibraltar Life and Other operations (see Note 1 to our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for more information) and unfavorable comparative policyholder experience, partially offset by business growth and lower expenses. Results for the first six months of 2018, in comparison to the prior year period, reflected business growth, lower expenses and a favorable impact from mortality experience, partially offset by a lower contribution from net investment results and unfavorable comparative policyholder experience.

Corporate and Other operations. The results for the second quarter of 2018 and the first six months of 2018 reflected decreased losses in comparison to the prior year periods, driven by lower levels of corporate expenses, higher income from our qualified pension plan and lower interest expense, partially offset by lower net investment income.

Closed Block Division. The Closed Block division results for the second quarter of 2018 decreased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily driven by a decrease in net investment income and an increase in the policyholder dividend obligation, partially offset by an increase in net realized investment gains and related activity. The Closed Block division results for the first six months of 2018 decreased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily driven by a decrease in net realized investment gains and related activity as well as lower net investment income, partially offset by a decrease in the policyholder dividend obligation.

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Segment Measures

Adjusted Operating Income. In managing our business, we analyze our segments’ operating performance using “adjusted operating income.” Adjusted operating income does not equate to “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures” or “Net income (loss)” as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, but is the measure of segment profit or loss we use to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources, and consistent with authoritative guidance, is our measure of segment performance. The adjustments to derive adjusted operating income are important to an understanding of our overall results of operations. Adjusted operating income is not a substitute for income determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and our definition of adjusted operating income may differ from that used by other companies. However, we believe that the presentation of adjusted operating income as we measure it for management purposes enhances the understanding of our results of operations by highlighting the results from ongoing operations and the underlying profitability of our businesses.

See Note 13 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the presentation of segment results and our definition of adjusted operating income.

Annualized New Business Premiums. In managing our Individual Life, Group Insurance and International Insurance businesses, we analyze annualized new business premiums, which do not correspond to revenues under U.S. GAAP. Annualized new business premiums measure the current sales performance of the business, while revenues primarily reflect the renewal persistency of policies written in prior years and net investment income, in addition to current sales. Annualized new business premiums include 10% of first year premiums or deposits from single pay products. No other adjustments are made for limited pay contracts.

The amount of annualized new business premiums for any given period can be significantly impacted by several factors, including but not limited to: addition of new products, discontinuation of existing products, changes in credited interest rates for certain products and other product modifications, changes in premium rates, changes in tax laws, changes in regulations or changes in the competitive environment. Sales volume may increase or decrease prior to certain of these changes becoming effective, and then fluctuate in the other direction following such changes.

Assets Under Management. In managing our PGIM business, we analyze assets under management (which do not correspond directly to U.S. GAAP assets) because the principal source of revenues is fees based on assets under management. Assets under management represents the fair market value or account value of assets which we manage directly for institutional clients, retail clients, and for our general account, as well as assets invested in our products that are managed by third-party managers.

Account Values. In managing our Individual Annuities and Retirement businesses, we analyze account values, which do not correspond to U.S. GAAP assets. Net sales (redemptions) in our Individual Annuities business and net additions (withdrawals) in our Retirement business do not correspond to revenues under U.S. GAAP, but are used as a relevant measure of business activity.

Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates

Foreign currency exchange rate movements and related hedging strategies

As a U.S.-based company with significant business operations outside the U.S., particularly in Japan, we are subject to foreign currency exchange rate movements that could impact our U.S. dollar-equivalent earnings and shareholder return on equity. We seek to mitigate this impact through various hedging strategies, including the use of derivative contracts and by holding U.S. dollar-denominated assets in certain of our foreign subsidiaries.

The operations of certain of our businesses are subject to currency fluctuations that could materially affect our U.S. dollar-equivalent earnings from period to period, even if earnings on a local currency basis are relatively constant. We enter into forward currency derivative contracts as part of our strategy to effectively fix the currency exchange rates for a portion of our prospective non-U.S. dollar-denominated earnings streams, thereby reducing earnings volatility from foreign currency exchange rate movements. The forward currency hedging program is primarily associated with our insurance operations in Japan and Korea.

For further information on the hedging strategies used to mitigate the risks of foreign currency exchange rate movements on earnings as well as the U.S. GAAP earnings impact from products denominated in non-local currencies, see “—Impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on earnings,” below.

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We utilize a yen hedging strategy that calibrates the hedge level to preserve the relative contribution of our yen-based business to the Company’s overall return on equity on a leverage neutral basis. We implement this hedging strategy utilizing a variety of instruments, including foreign currency derivative contracts, as discussed above, as well as U.S. dollar-denominated assets and, to a lesser extent, “dual currency” and “synthetic dual currency” assets held locally in our Japanese insurance subsidiaries. We may also hedge using instruments held in our U.S. domiciled entities, such as U.S. dollar-denominated debt that has been swapped to yen. The total hedge level may vary based on our periodic assessment of the relative contribution of our yen-based business to the Company’s overall return on equity.

The table below presents the aggregate amount of instruments that serve to hedge the impact of foreign currency exchange movements on our U.S. dollar-equivalent shareholder return on equity from our Japanese insurance subsidiaries as of the dates indicated.

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in billions)
Instruments hedging foreign currency exchange rate exposure on U.S. dollar-equivalent earnings:
Forward currency hedging program(1)	$	1.5	$	1.6
Instruments hedging foreign currency exchange rate exposure on U.S. dollar-equivalent equity:
U.S. dollar-denominated assets held in yen-based entities(2):
U.S. dollar-denominated investments(3)	13.5		13.7
Other	0.1		0.1
Subtotal	13.6		13.8
Dual currency and synthetic dual currency investments(4)	0.6		0.6
Total instruments hedging foreign currency exchange rate exposure on U.S. dollar-equivalent equity	14.2		14.4
Total hedges	$	15.7	$	16.0

__________

(1) Represents the notional amount of forward currency contracts outstanding.

(2) Excludes $45.7 billion and $41.2 billion as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, of U.S. dollar-denominated assets supporting U.S. dollar-denominated liabilities related to U.S. dollar-denominated products issued by our Japanese insurance operations.

(3) Includes U.S. dollar-denominated fixed maturities at amortized cost and U.S. dollar notional amount of foreign currency derivative contracts outstanding.

(4) Dual currency and synthetic dual currency investments are held by our yen-based entities in the form of fixed maturities and loans with a yen-denominated principal component and U.S. dollar-denominated interest income. The amounts shown represent the present value of future U.S. dollar-denominated cash flows.

The U.S. dollar-denominated investments that hedge the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on U.S. dollar-equivalent earnings and shareholder return on equity from our Japanese insurance operations are reported within yen-based entities and, as a result, foreign currency exchange rate movements will impact their value reported within our yen-based Japanese insurance entities. We seek to mitigate the risk that future unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate movements will decrease the value of these U.S. dollar-denominated investments reported within our yen-based Japanese insurance entities, and therefore negatively impact their equity and regulatory solvency margins, by having our Japanese insurance operations enter into currency hedging transactions. Those hedges are with a subsidiary of Prudential Financial. These hedging strategies have the economic effect of moving the change in value of these U.S. dollar-denominated investments due to foreign currency exchange rate movements from our Japanese yen-based entities to our U.S. dollar-based entities.

These U.S. dollar-denominated investments also pay a coupon which is generally higher than what a similar yen-denominated investment would pay. The incremental impact of this higher yield on our U.S. dollar-denominated investments, as well as our dual currency and synthetic dual currency investments, will vary over time, and is dependent on the duration of the underlying investments as well as interest rate environments in both the U.S. and Japan at the time of the investments. See “—General Account Investments—Investment Results” for a discussion of the investment yields generated by our Japanese insurance operations.

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Impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on earnings

The financial results of our International Insurance and PGIM segments reflect the impact of intercompany arrangements with our Corporate and Other operations pursuant to which certain of these segments’ non-U.S. dollar-denominated earnings are translated at fixed currency exchange rates. The financial results of our Retirement segment reflected the impact of an intercompany foreign currency exchange arrangement with our Corporate and Other operations in 2016 and 2017 prior to its termination effective January 1, 2018. This foreign currency exchange risk is now managed within our Retirement segment using a strategy that may include external hedges. Results of our Corporate and Other operations include any differences between the translation adjustments recorded by the segments at the fixed currency exchange rate versus the actual average rate during the period. In addition, specific to our International Insurance segment where we hedge certain currencies, as further discussed below, the results of our Corporate and Other operations also include the impact of any gains or losses recorded from the forward currency contracts that settled during the period, which include the impact of any over or under hedging of actual earnings that differ from projected earnings.

For International Insurance, the fixed currency exchange rates are generally determined in connection with a foreign currency income hedging program designed to mitigate the impact of exchange rate changes on the segment’s U.S. dollar-equivalent earnings. Pursuant to this program, our Corporate and Other operations execute forward currency contracts with third-parties to sell the net exposure of projected earnings for certain currencies in exchange for U.S. dollars at specified exchange rates. The maturities of these contracts correspond with the future periods (typically on a three-year rolling basis) in which the identified non-U.S. dollar-denominated earnings are expected to be generated. In establishing the level of non-U.S. dollar-denominated earnings that will be hedged through this program, we exclude the anticipated level of U.S. dollar-denominated earnings that will be generated by U.S. dollar-denominated products and investments. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, approximately 19% of the segment’s earnings were yen-based and, as of June 30, 2018, we have hedged 100% of expected yen-based earnings for 2018, and 93% and 53% of expected yen-based earnings for 2019 and 2020, respectively. To the extent currently unhedged, our International Insurance segment’s future expected U.S. dollar-equivalent of yen-based earnings will be impacted by yen exchange rate movements.

As a result of these arrangements, our International Insurance segment’s results for 2018 and 2017 reflect the impact of translating yen-denominated earnings at fixed currency exchange rates of 111 and 112 yen per U.S. dollar, respectively, and Korean won-denominated earnings at fixed currency exchange rates of 1150 and 1130 Korean won per U.S. dollar, respectively. Since determination of the fixed currency exchange rates for a given year is impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates over time, the segment’s future earnings will ultimately be impacted by these changes in exchange rates.

As a result of these arrangements, for PGIM and certain currencies within International Insurance, the fixed currency exchange rates for the current year are predetermined during the third quarter of the prior year using forward currency exchange rates.

The table below presents, for the periods indicated, the increase (decrease) to revenues and adjusted operating income for the International Insurance, Retirement and PGIM segments and for Corporate and Other operations, reflecting the impact of these intercompany arrangements.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Segment impacts of intercompany arrangements:
International Insurance	$	(6	)	$	1		$	(21	)	$	3
Retirement(1)	0			1			0			2
PGIM	0			0			(1		)	1
Impact of intercompany arrangements(2)	(6		)	2			(22		)	6
Corporate and Other operations:
Impact of intercompany arrangements(2)	6			(2		)	22			(6		)
Settlement gains (losses) on forward currency contracts(3)	(7		)	0			(30		)	2
Net benefit (detriment) to Corporate and Other operations	(1		)	(2		)	(8		)	(4		)
Net impact on consolidated revenues and adjusted operating income	$	(7	)	$	0		$	(30	)	$	2

__________ 

(1) Effective January 1, 2018 the intercompany arrangement between our Corporate and Other operations and Retirement was terminated and this risk is now managed within our Retirement segment using a strategy that may include external hedges.

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(2) Represents the difference between non-U.S. dollar-denominated earnings translated on the basis of weighted average monthly currency exchange rates versus fixed currency exchange rates determined in connection with the foreign currency income hedging program.

(3) As of June 30, 2018 and 2017, the notional amounts of these forward currency contracts within our Corporate and Other operations were $2.8 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively, of which $1.5 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, were related to our Japanese insurance operations.

Impact of products denominated in non-local currencies on U.S. GAAP earnings

While our international insurance operations offer products denominated in local currency, several also offer products denominated in non-local currencies, most notably our Japanese operations, which offer U.S. and Australian dollar-denominated products. The non-local currency-denominated insurance liabilities related to these products are supported by investments denominated in corresponding currencies, including a significant portion designated as available-for-sale. While the impact from foreign currency exchange rate movements on these non-local currency-denominated assets and liabilities is economically matched, differences in the accounting for changes in the value of these assets and liabilities due to changes in foreign currency exchange rate movements have historically resulted in volatility in U.S. GAAP earnings.

In the first quarter of 2015, we implemented a structure in Gibraltar Life’s operations that disaggregated the U.S. and Australian dollar-denominated businesses into separate divisions, each with its own functional currency that aligns with the underlying products and investments. The result of this alignment was to reduce differences in the accounting for changes in the value of these assets and liabilities that arise due to changes in foreign currency exchange rate movements. For the U.S. and Australian dollar-denominated assets that were transferred under this structure, the net cumulative unrealized investment gains associated with foreign exchange remeasurement that were recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” (“AOCI”) totaled $3.5 billion and $3.9 billion as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and will be recognized in earnings within “Realized investment gains (losses), net” over time as these assets mature or are sold. Absent the sale of any of these assets prior to their stated maturity, approximately 4% of the $3.5 billion balance as of June 30, 2018 will be recognized throughout the remainder of 2018, approximately 9% will be recognized in 2019, and a majority of the remaining balance will be recognized from 2020 through 2024.

Accounting Policies & Pronouncements

Application of Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the application of accounting policies that often involve a significant degree of judgment. Management reviews estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of financial statements on an ongoing basis. If management determines that modifications in assumptions and estimates are appropriate given current facts and circumstances, the Company’s results of operations and financial position as reported in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements could change significantly.

Management believes the accounting policies relating to the following areas are most dependent on the application of estimates and assumptions and require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments:

• DAC, deferred sales inducements (“DSI”) and VOBA;

• Policyholder liabilities;

• Goodwill;

• Valuation of investments, including derivatives, and the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments (“OTTI”);

• Pension and other postretirement benefits;

• Taxes on income; and

• Reserves for contingencies, including reserves for losses in connection with unresolved legal matters.

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DAC, DSI and VOBA

DAC, DSI and VOBA associated with the variable and universal life policies of our Individual Life and International Insurance segments and the variable and fixed annuity contracts of our Individual Annuities and International Insurance segments are generally amortized over the expected lives of these policies in proportion to total gross profits. Total gross profits include both actual gross profits and estimates of gross profits for future periods. The quarterly adjustments for market performance reflect the impact of changes to our estimate of total gross profits to reflect actual fund performance and market conditions. A significant portion of gross profits for our variable annuity contracts and, to a lesser degree, our variable life policies are dependent upon the total rate of return on assets held in separate account investment options. This rate of return influences the fees we earn, costs we incur associated with the guaranteed minimum death and guaranteed minimum income benefit features related to our variable annuity contracts, as well as other sources of profit. Returns that are higher than our expectations for a given period produce higher than expected account balances, which increase the future fees we expect to earn and decrease the future costs we expect to incur associated with the guaranteed minimum death and guaranteed minimum income benefit features related to our variable annuity contracts. The opposite occurs when returns are lower than our expectations. The changes in future expected gross profits are used to recognize a cumulative adjustment to all prior periods’ amortization.

The weighted average rate of return assumptions used in developing estimated gross profits consider many factors specific to each business, including asset durations, asset allocations and other factors. With regard to equity market assumptions, the near-term future rate of return assumption used in evaluating DAC, DSI and VOBA for our domestic variable annuity and variable life insurance products is generally updated each quarter and is derived using a reversion to the mean approach, a common industry practice. Under this approach, we consider historical equity returns and adjust projected equity returns over an initial future period of five years (the “near-term”) so that equity returns converge to the long-term expected rate of return. If the near-term projected future rate of return is greater than our near-term maximum future rate of return of 15.0%, we use our maximum future rate of return. As of June 30, 2018, our variable annuities and variable life insurance businesses assume an 8.0% long-term equity expected rate of return and a 4.1% near-term mean reversion equity expected rate of return.

With regard to interest rate assumptions, we generally update the future interest rates used to project fixed income returns annually and in any quarter when interest rates vary significantly from these assumptions. As a result of our 2018 annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, we kept our long-term expectation of the 10-year U.S. Treasury rate unchanged from last year and continue to grade to 3.75% over ten years. In Japan, we reduced the long-term expected return on Japanese Government Bonds by 20 basis points and now grade to 1.30% over ten years. This market performance related adjustment to our estimate of total gross profits results in a cumulative adjustment to prior amortization, reflecting the application of the new required rate of amortization to all prior periods’ gross profits.

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of newly adopted accounting pronouncements and accounting pronouncements issued but not yet adopted.

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Results of Operations by Segment

U.S. Individual Solutions Division

Individual Annuities

Operating Results

The following table sets forth the Individual Annuities segment’s operating results for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Operating results:
Revenues	$	1,266		$	1,306		$	2,518		$	2,521
Benefits and expenses	759			694			1,492			1,441
Adjusted operating income	507			612			1,026			1,080
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	(70		)	(1,716		)	528			(1,732		)
Related charges	(95		)	662			(221		)	759
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	342		$	(442	)	$	1,333		$	107

Adjusted Operating Income

Three Months comparison. Adjusted operating income decreased $105 million. Excluding the impacts of changes in the estimated profitability of the business, discussed below, adjusted operating income decreased $13 million. The decrease was primarily driven by lower net investment spread results and higher capital hedge costs, partially offset by higher asset-based fee income, net of associated costs. The decrease in net investment spread results primarily reflects lower investment income on non-coupon investments. The increase in asset-based fee income, net of a related increase in asset-based commission expense, primarily reflects higher average variable annuity account values due to market appreciation.

The impacts of changes in the estimated profitability of the business include adjustments to the amortization of DAC and other costs as well as to the reserves for certain living and/or death benefit features of our variable annuity products. These adjustments resulted in a net benefit of $8 million and $100 million in the second quarter of 2018 and 2017, respectively. The net benefit in the second quarter of 2018 primarily reflected a net positive impact from our annual reviews and update on assumptions and other refinements. The net benefit in the second quarter of 2017 primarily reflected the net impact of equity market performance on contractholder accounts and our hedge effectiveness relative to our assumptions. The remaining net benefit included a $46 million net benefit resulting from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements.

Six Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income decreased $54 million. Excluding the impacts of changes in the estimated profitability of the business, discussed below, adjusted operating income increased $41 million. The increase was primarily driven by higher asset-based fee income, net of associated costs, as well as lower amortization costs and reserve provisions, partially offset by lower net investment spread results and higher capital hedge costs. The increase in asset-based fee income, net of a related increase in asset-based commission expense, primarily reflects higher average variable annuity account values due to market appreciation. The lower reserve provisions are also attributable to market appreciation of account values in comparison to the prior year period. The decrease in net investment spread results primarily reflects lower investment income on non-coupon investments.

Adjustments to the amortization of DAC and other costs as well as to the reserves for certain living and/or death benefit features of our variable annuity products resulted in a net benefit of $24 million and $119 million in the first six months of 2018 and 2017, respectively. The net benefit for both the first six months of 2018 and 2017 primarily reflected the net impact of equity market performance on contractholder accounts and our hedge effectiveness relative to our assumptions, and the net benefit resulting from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above.

98

Revenues, Benefits and Expenses

Three Month Comparison. Revenues, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” decreased $40 million. Excluding an $18 million net decrease related to the impacts of certain changes in our estimated profitability of the business, as discussed above, revenues decreased $22 million. The decrease is primarily due to a decrease in asset management and service fees and other income where the higher capital hedge costs more than offset an increase in policy charges and fee income driven by higher average variable annuity account values due to market appreciation; and a decrease in net investment income driven by lower income on non-coupon investments.

Benefits and expenses, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” increased $65 million. Excluding a $74 million net increase related to the impacts of certain changes in our estimated profitability of the business, as discussed above, benefits and expenses decreased $9 million. Policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, decreased $14 million, partially offset by an $8 million increase in general and administrative expense, net of capitalization, driven by higher commissions due to higher average account values and higher sales.

Six Month Comparison. Revenues decreased $3 million. Excluding a $32 million net decrease related to the impacts of certain changes in our estimated profitability of the business, as discussed above, revenues increased $29 million. Policy charges and fee income increased by $78 million due to higher variable annuity account values from market appreciation, partially offset by a $31 million decrease in net investment income driven by lower income on non-coupon investments and a $10 million decrease in asset management and service fees and other income due to higher capital hedge costs.

Benefits and expenses increased $51 million. Excluding a $63 million net increase related to the impacts of certain changes in our estimated profitability of the business, as discussed above, benefits and expenses decreased $12 million. Policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, decreased by $17 million, interest credited to policyholders’ account balance decreased by $11 million, and amortization of DAC decreased by $8 million, primarily driven by favorable markets. These decreases were partially offset by a $21 million increase in general and administrative expenses, net of capitalization, driven by higher commissions due to higher average account values and higher sales.

Account Values

Account values are a significant driver of our operating results. Since most fees are determined by the level of separate account assets, fee income varies according to the level of account values. Additionally, fee income can be impacted by fee rate structures within certain products that contain predetermined fee rate changes over the life of the contract or by the mix of sales reflecting the varying fee rate structures within our product lines. Our fee income generally drives other items such as the pattern of amortization of DAC and other costs. Account values are driven by net flows from new business sales, surrenders, withdrawals and benefit payments, the impact of market value changes, which can be either positive or negative, and policy charges. The macro environment and the annuity industry’s competitive and regulatory landscapes, which have been dynamic over the last few years, have impacted, and may continue to impact, our net flows, including new business sales. The following table sets forth account value information for the periods indicated.

99

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Twelve Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2018
	(in millions)
Total Individual Annuities(1):
Beginning total account value	$	164,651		$	160,319		$	168,626		$	156,783		$	162,694
Sales	2,067			1,507			3,791			2,947			6,738
Surrenders and withdrawals	(2,957		)	(2,407		)	(5,852		)	(4,760		)	(10,913		)
Net sales	(890		)	(900		)	(2,061		)	(1,813		)	(4,175		)
Benefit payments	(556		)	(473		)	(1,093		)	(970		)	(1,996		)
Net flows	(1,446		)	(1,373		)	(3,154		)	(2,783		)	(6,171		)
Change in market value, interest credited and other activity	1,369			4,674			40			10,525			10,870
Policy charges	(929		)	(926		)	(1,867		)	(1,831		)	(3,748		)
Ending total account value	$	163,645		$	162,694		$	163,645		$	162,694		$	163,645

__________

(1) Includes variable and fixed annuities sold as retail investment products. Investments sold through defined contribution plan products are included with such products within the Retirement segment. Variable annuity account values were $160.1 billion and $159.2 billion as of June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Fixed annuity account values were $3.5 billion as of both June 30, 2018 and 2017.

Net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2018 increased reflecting higher sales attributable to pricing actions and enhanced distribution partially offset by higher surrenders and withdrawals. Net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2018 decreased reflecting higher surrender and withdrawals partially offset by higher sales.

The increase in account values for the twelve months ended June 30, 2018 was largely driven by favorable changes in the market value of contractholder funds, largely offset by contract charges on contractholder accounts and net sales and benefit payments.

Variable Annuity Risks and Risk Mitigants

The following is a summary of: (i) certain risks associated with Individual Annuities’ products; (ii) certain strategies in mitigating those risks, including any updates to those strategies since the previous year end; and (iii) the related financial results. For a more detailed description of these items and their related accounting treatment, refer to the complete descriptions provided in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The primary risk exposures of our variable annuity contracts relate to actual deviations from, or changes to, the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products, including capital markets assumptions such as equity market returns, interest rates and market volatility, along with actuarial assumptions such as contractholder mortality, the timing and amount of annuitization and withdrawals, and contract lapses. For these risk exposures, achievement of our expected returns and profitability is subject to the risk that actual experience will differ from the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products. We currently manage our exposure to certain risks driven by fluctuations in capital markets primarily through a combination of Product Design Features, an Asset Liability Management Strategy, a Capital Hedge Program and External Reinsurance.

Product Design Features

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A portion of the variable annuity contracts that we offer include an automatic rebalancing feature, also referred to as an asset transfer feature. This feature is implemented at the contract level, and transfers assets between certain variable investment sub-accounts selected by the annuity contractholder and, depending on the benefit feature, a fixed-rate account in the general account or a bond fund sub-account within the separate accounts. The objective of the automatic rebalancing feature is to reduce our exposure to equity market risk and market volatility. Other product design features we utilize include, among others, asset allocation restrictions, minimum issuance age requirements and certain limitations on the amount of contractholder deposits, as well as a required minimum allocation to our general account for certain of our products. We continue to introduce products that diversify our risk profile and have incorporated provisions in product design allowing frequent revisions of key pricing elements for certain of our products. In addition, there is diversity in our fee arrangements, as certain fees are primarily based on the benefit guarantee amount, the contractholder account value and/or premiums, which helps preserve certain revenue streams when market fluctuations cause account values to decline.

Asset Liability Management (“ALM”) Strategy (including fixed income instruments and derivatives)

Our current ALM strategy utilizes a combination of both traditional fixed income instruments and derivatives to defray potential claims associated with our variable annuity living benefit guarantees. The economic liability we manage with this ALM strategy consists of expected living benefit claims under less severe market conditions, which are managed using a traditional ALM strategy through the accumulation of fixed income and derivative instruments, and potential living benefit claims resulting from more severe market conditions, which are hedged using derivative instruments. For the portion of our ALM strategy executed with derivatives, we enter into a range of exchange-traded, cleared, and over-the-counter (“OTC”) equity and interest rate derivatives, including, but not limited to: equity and treasury futures; total return and interest rate swaps; and options including equity options, swaptions, and floors and caps.

The valuation of the economic liability we seek to defray excludes certain items that are included within the U.S. GAAP liability, such as non-performance risk (“NPR”) (in order to maximize protection irrespective of the possibility of our own default), as well as risk margins (required by U.S. GAAP but different from our best estimate) and valuation methodology differences. The following table provides a reconciliation between the liability reported under U.S. GAAP and the economic liability we intend to manage through our ALM strategy.

	As of June 30, 2018			As of December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
U.S. GAAP liability (including non-performance risk)	$	6,559		$	8,663
Non-performance risk adjustment	3,311			3,228
Subtotal	9,870			11,891
Adjustments including risk margins and valuation methodology differences	(2,533		)	(2,742		)
Economic liability managed through the ALM strategy	$	7,337		$	9,149

As of June 30, 2018, our fixed income instruments and derivative assets exceed the economic liability within the entities in which the risks reside.

The following table illustrates the net impact of our Consolidated Statements of Operations from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative liability and hedge positions under the ALM strategy, and the related amortization of DAC and other costs, that are excluded from adjusted operating income.

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	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)(1)
Excluding impact of assumption updates and other refinements:
Net hedging impact(2)	$	10		$	353		$	(140	)	$	401
Change in portions of U.S. GAAP liability, before NPR(3)	127			(340		)	497			292
Change in the NPR adjustment	(53		)	(1,500		)	131			(2,253		)
Net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions—reported in Individual Annuities	84			(1,487		)	488			(1,560		)
Related benefit (charge) to amortization of DAC and other costs	(61		)	334			(167		)	345
Net impact of assumption updates and other refinements	(173		)	(85		)	(173		)	(85		)
Net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions, after the impact of NPR, DAC and other costs—reported in Individual Annuities	$	(150	)	$	(1,238	)	$	148		$	(1,300	)

__________

(1) Positive amount represents income; negative amount represents a loss.

(2) Net hedging impact represents the difference between the change in fair value of the risk we seek to hedge using derivatives and the change in fair value of the derivatives utilized with respect to that risk.

(3) Represents risk margins and valuation methodology differences between the economic liability managed by the ALM strategy and the U.S. GAAP liability, as well as the portion of the economic liability managed with fixed income instruments.

For the three months ended June 30, 2018, the net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions, after the impact of NPR, DAC and other costs was a charge of $150 million which primarily reflected the impact of a $173 million net charge from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, including updates to expected withdrawal rates, as well as economic assumptions. The impact also included $61 million of related charges to amortization of DAC and other costs. These charges were partially offset by a net benefit of $84 million from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions as a result of a widening credit spreads used in measuring our living benefit contracts. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions, after the impact of NPR, DAC and other costs was a benefit of $148 million which primarily reflected a $488 million net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions as a result of a widening of credit spreads used in measuring our living benefit contracts. The benefit was partially offset by the impact of a $173 million net charge from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, including updates to expected withdrawal rates, as well as economic assumptions; and by the impact of $167 million of related charges to amortization of DAC and other costs.

The net charges of $1,238 million and $1,300 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, predominantly reflected the impact from changes in the NPR adjustment as a result of tightening credit spreads. Partial offsets are included in the $334 million and $345 million related benefits to amortization of DAC and other costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively.

For information regarding the Capital Protection Framework we use to evaluate and support the risks of the ALM strategy, see “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital.”

Capital Hedge Program

During 2017, we commenced a capital hedge program within the Individual Annuities segment to further hedge equity market impacts. The program is intended to protect a portion of the overall capital position of the variable annuities business against its exposure to the equity markets. The capital hedge program is conducted using equity derivatives which include equity call and put options, total return swaps and futures contracts. The changes in value of these derivatives are recognized in adjusted operating income over the expected duration of the capital hedge program.

External Reinsurance

As of June 30, 2018, $3.1 billion of Highest Daily Lifetime Income (“HDI”) v.3.0 account values are reinsured to Union Hamilton Reinsurance Ltd., an external counterparty, pursuant to a quota share agreement that covered approximately 50% of new business between April 1, 2015 and December 31, 2016. HDI v.3.0 is the current version of our “highest daily” living benefits guarantee that is available with our Prudential Premier® Retirement Variable Annuity. New sales of HDI v.3.0 subsequent to December 31, 2016 are not covered by this external reinsurance agreement.

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Product Specific Risks and Risk Mitigants

As noted above, the risks associated with our products are mitigated through product design features, including automatic rebalancing, as well as through our ALM strategy and external reinsurance. The following table sets forth the risk management profile of our living benefit guarantees and guaranteed minimum death benefit (“GMDB”) features as of the periods indicated.

	June 30, 2018				December 31, 2017				June 30, 2017
	Account Value		% of Total		Account Value		% of Total		Account Value		% of Total
	($ in millions)
Living benefit/GMDB features(1):
Both ALM strategy and automatic rebalancing(2)	$	111,146	69	%	$	114,686	69	%	$	110,676	69	%
ALM strategy only	8,676		5	%	9,317		6	%	9,310		6	%
Automatic rebalancing only	909		1	%	1,003		1	%	1,074		1	%
External reinsurance(3)	3,146		2	%	3,227		2	%	3,084		2	%
Prudential Defined Income Variable Annuity	10,142		6	%	9,996		5	%	8,964		5	%
Other products	2,651		2	%	2,791		2	%	2,755		2	%
Total living benefit/GMDB features	$	136,670			$	141,020			$	135,863
GMDB features and other(4)	23,473		15	%	24,133		15	%	23,339		15	%
Total variable annuity account value	$	160,143			$	165,153			$	159,202

__________

(1) All contracts with living benefit guarantees also contain GMDB features, which cover the same insured contract.

(2) Contracts with living benefits that are included in the ALM strategy and have an automatic rebalancing feature.

(3) Represents contracts subject to a reinsurance transaction with an external counterparty that covered certain new HDI business from April 1, 2015 through December 31, 2016. These contracts with living benefits also have an automatic rebalancing feature.

(4) Includes contracts that have a GMDB feature and do not have an automatic rebalancing feature.

Individual Life

Operating Results

The following table sets forth the Individual Life segment’s operating results for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Operating results:
Revenues	$	1,451		$	654		$	2,876		$	2,099
Benefits and expenses	1,408			1,211			2,797			2,538
Adjusted operating income	43			(557		)	79			(439		)
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	(84		)	102			(272		)	59
Related charges	(8		)	63			93			82
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	(49	)	$	(392	)	$	(100	)	$	(298	)

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Adjusted Operating Income

Three Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income increased$600 million, primarily reflecting favorable comparative net impacts from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Results for the second quarter of 2018 included a $65 million net charge from this annual review, mainly driven by unfavorable impacts related to lapse and mortality rate assumptions. Results for the second quarter of 2017 included a $653 million net charge from this annual review, mainly driven by a charge related to the unfavorable impacts for universal life and variable life products from modeling enhancements and other refinements related to a valuation systems conversion, including a net charge related to a change in the method of accounting for reinsurance associated with certain long-duration insurance contracts, as well as unfavorable impacts related to lapse rate assumptions primarily for universal life products. Excluding these impacts, adjusted operating income increased$12 million, primarily reflecting business growth and lower expenses, partially offset by the unfavorable ongoing impact from the assumption updates on current quarter results. This net increase was also partially offset by an unfavorable impact from mortality experience, net of reinsurance.

Six Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income increased$518 million, primarily reflecting unfavorable comparative net impacts from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above. Excluding these impacts, adjusted operating income decreased$70 million, primarily reflecting lower underwriting results driven by the unfavorable ongoing impact of our second quarter 2017 assumption updates on current period results.

Revenues, Benefits and Expenses

Three Month Comparison. Revenues, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” increased$797 million. Excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above, revenues increased$20 million. This increase was driven primarily by an increase in net investment income from higher average invested assets resulting from continued business growth, higher investment income from unaffiliated reserve financing activity, which resulted in a corresponding increase in interest expense, as discussed below, and higher prepayment fee income.

Benefits and expenses, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” increased$197 million. Excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above, benefits and expenses increased$8 million. This increase was primarily related to higher reserve financing costs, as discussed above, partially offset by decreased DAC amortization.

Six Month Comparison. Revenues increased$777 million. Excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above, revenues remained unchanged. An increase in net investment income from higher average invested assets resulting from continued business growth and higher investment income from unaffiliated reserve financing activity, which resulted in a corresponding increase in interest expense, as discussed below, was offset by lower revenues reflecting higher ceded net reinsurance premiums, as a result of the unfavorable ongoing impact of the second quarter 2017 change in the method of accounting for reinsurance, which was partially offset by related lower benefits and expenses, as discussed below.

Benefits and expenses increased$259 million. Excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above, benefits and expenses increased$70 million. This increase was primarily related to higher reserve financing costs, as discussed above, increased DAC amortization and higher policy benefits attributable to business growth, partially offset by the favorable ongoing impact of the second quarter 2017 change in the method of accounting for reinsurance, which was more than offset by the related unfavorable impact in revenues, as discussed above.

104

Sales Results

The following table sets forth individual life insurance annualized new business premiums, as defined under “—Results of Operations—Segment Measures” above, by distribution channel and product, for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018						Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Prudential Advisors		Third Party		Total		Prudential Advisors		Third Party		Total
	(in millions)
Term Life	$	7	$	47	$	54	$	8	$	46	$	54
Guaranteed Universal Life(1)	2		22		24		4		36		40
Other Universal Life(1)	11		18		29		9		24		33
Variable Life	13		22		35		8		18		26
Total	$	33	$	109	$	142	$	29	$	124	$	153
	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018						Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Prudential Advisors		Third Party		Total		Prudential Advisors		Third Party		Total
	(in millions)
Term Life	$	14	$	89	$	103	$	15	$	88	$	103
Guaranteed Universal Life(1)	5		40		45		10		83		93
Other Universal Life(1)	20		35		55		17		37		54
Variable Life	24		40		64		14		35		49
Total	$	63	$	204	$	267	$	56	$	243	$	299

__________

(1) Single pay life premiums and excess (unscheduled) premiums are included in annualized new business premiums based on a 10% credit and represented approximately 5% and 17% of Guaranteed Universal Life and 0% and 1% of Other Universal Life annualized new business premiums for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and approximately 14% and 14% of Guaranteed Universal Life and 0% and 1% of Other Universal Life annualized new business premiums for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Total annualized new business premiums for the second quarter and the first six months of 2018 decreased $11 million and $32 million, respectively, compared to the prior year periods, primarily driven by lower guaranteed universal life sales, partially offset by higher sales of variable life products. Overall lower guaranteed universal life sales are primarily attributable to certain distribution and product design and pricing actions implemented to enhance product mix diversification and in response to the adoption in 2017 of the principles-based reserving method for new guaranteed universal life products.

105

U.S. Workplace Solutions Division

Retirement

Operating Results

The following table sets forth the Retirement segment’s operating results for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Operating results(1):
Revenues	$	2,988		$	3,607		$	5,077		$	5,544
Benefits and expenses	2,711			3,299			4,483			4,839
Adjusted operating income	277			308			594			705
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	122			67			(33		)	67
Related charges	(15		)	2			(16		)	(2		)
Investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net	(219		)	134			(508		)	190
Change in experience-rated contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes	111			(78		)	415			(102		)
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	276		$	433		$	452		$	858

__________

(1) Certain of our Retirement segment’s non-U.S. dollar-denominated earnings are from longevity reinsurance contracts, which are denominated in British pounds sterling, and are therefore subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk. From January 1, 2016 through December 31, 2017, the financial results of our Retirement segment included the impact of an intercompany arrangement with our Corporate and Other operations designed to mitigate the impact of exchange rate changes on the segment’s U.S. dollar-equivalent earnings. Effective January 1, 2018 this intercompany arrangement was terminated and the foreign currency exchange rate risk is now managed within our Retirement segment using a strategy that may include external hedges. The impact of the agreement and the termination was not significant to the segment’s results. For more information related to this intercompany arrangement, see “—Results of Operations—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates,” above.

Adjusted Operating Income

Three Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income decreased$31 million. Results for the second quarter of 2018 reflected a net charge of $68 million from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, primarily driven by updates to our assumptions for benefit payments. Results for the second quarter of 2017 reflected a net charge of $20 million from these updates. Excluding these impacts, adjusted operating income increased $17 million, primarily driven by a higher contribution from reserve experience, partially offset by lower net investment spread results and higher general and administrative expenses. The higher contribution from reserve experience primarily reflected higher mortality gains on a comparative basis for pension risk transfer contracts in the current year period. The decrease in net investment spread results primarily reflected lower net prepayment fee income and lower reinvestment rates net of crediting rate actions on full service account values, partially offset by growth in average account values.

Six Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income decreased$111 million. Results for the second quarter of 2018 reflected a net charge of $68 million from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, primarily driven by updates to our assumptions for benefit payments. Results for the second quarter of 2017 reflected a net charge of $20 million from these updates. Excluding these impacts, adjusted operating income decreased $63 million, primarily driven by lower net investment spread results and higher general and administrative expenses, partially offset by more favorable reserve experience. The decrease in net investment spread results primarily reflected lower income on non-coupon investments, lower net prepayment fee income and lower reinvestment rates net of crediting rate actions on full service account values, partially offset by growth in average account values. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily driven by higher operating expenses, including expenses supporting business growth initiatives. The higher contribution from reserve experience primarily reflected higher mortality gains on a comparative basis within our pension risk transfer business.

Revenues, Benefits and Expenses

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Three Month Comparison. Revenues, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” decreased$619 million. Premiums decreased$636 million, primarily driven by more significant pension risk transfer transactions in the prior year period. This decrease in premiums resulted in a corresponding decrease in policyholders’ benefits, as discussed below. Investment income increased$8 million, primarily reflecting higher asset balances, including higher pension risk transfer account value balances, partially offset by lower net prepayment fee income and lower reinvestment rates.

Benefits and expenses, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” decreased$588 million. Excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions, as discussed above, benefits and expenses decreased $636 million. Policyholders’ benefits, including the change in policy reserves, decreased $645 million, primarily related to the decrease in premiums discussed above, partially offset by an increase in interest credited to policyholders.

Six Month Comparison. Revenues decreased$467 million. Premiums decreased$413 million, primarily driven by more significant pension risk transfer transactions in the prior year period. This decrease in premiums resulted in a corresponding decrease in policyholders’ benefits, as discussed below. Net investment income decreased $57 million, primarily reflecting lower income on non-coupon investments, lower net prepayment fee income and lower reinvestment rates, partially offset by higher asset balances, including growth in our pension risk transfer business.

Benefits and expenses decreased$356 million. Excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions, as discussed above, benefits and expenses decreased $404 million. Policyholders’ benefits, including the change in policy reserves, decreased $413 million, primarily related to the decrease in premiums discussed above. Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances decreased $28 million, primarily driven by lower income credited to experience-rated account balances.

Account Values

Account values are a significant driver of our operating results, and are primarily driven by net additions (withdrawals) and the impact of market changes. The income we earn on most of our fee-based products varies with the level of fee-based account values, since many policy fees are determined by these values. The investment income and interest we credit to policyholders on our spread-based products varies with the level of general account values. To a lesser extent, changes in account values impact our pattern of amortization of DAC and VOBA and general and administrative expenses. The following table shows the changes in the account values and net additions (withdrawals) of Retirement segment products for the periods indicated. Net additions (withdrawals) are plan sales and participant deposits or additions, as applicable, minus plan and participant withdrawals and benefits. Account values include both internally- and externally-managed client balances as the total balances drive revenue for the Retirement segment. For more information on internally-managed balances, see “—PGIM.”

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Twelve Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2018
	(in millions)
Full Service:
Beginning total account value	$	236,120		$	210,400		$	234,616		$	202,802		$	214,731
Deposits and sales	7,712			4,771			17,634			11,507			35,654
Withdrawals and benefits	(6,470		)	(5,786		)	(14,624		)	(12,476		)	(26,959		)
Change in market value, interest credited and interest income and other activity	3,560			5,346			3,296			12,898			17,496
Ending total account value	$	240,922		$	214,731		$	240,922		$	214,731		$	240,922
Net additions (withdrawals)	$	1,242		$	(1,015	)	$	3,010		$	(969	)	$	8,695
Institutional Investment Products:
Beginning total account value	$	191,518		$	185,115		$	194,492		$	183,376		$	186,610
Additions(1)	5,461			2,557			6,149			6,599			21,180
Withdrawals and benefits	(3,851		)	(4,171		)	(8,740		)	(8,412		)	(17,734		)
Change in market value, interest credited and interest income	1,198			1,673			984			2,902			3,272
Other(2)	(2,604		)	1,436			(1,163		)	2,145			(1,606		)
Ending total account value	$	191,722		$	186,610		$	191,722		$	186,610		$	191,722
Net additions (withdrawals)	$	1,610		$	(1,614	)	$	(2,591	)	$	(1,813	)	$	3,446

107

__________

(1) Additions primarily include: group annuities calculated based on premiums received; longevity reinsurance contracts calculated as the present value of future projected benefits; and investment-only stable value contracts calculated as the fair value of customers’ funds held in a client-owned trust.

(2) “Other” activity includes the effect of foreign exchange rate changes associated with our British pounds sterling denominated longevity reinsurance business and changes in asset balances for externally-managed accounts. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, “other” activity also includes $1,031 million in receipts offset by $1,024 million in payments and $2,231 million in receipts offset by $2,189 million in payments, respectively, related to funding agreements backed by commercial paper which typically have maturities of less than 90 days.

The increase in full service account values for the twelve months ended June 30, 2018, primarily reflected the favorable changes in the market value of customer funds and net additions from positive net plan sales. The net additions for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the net withdrawals for the prior year period, were primarily driven by higher large plan sales in the current year period. The net additions for the six months endedJune 30, 2018, compared to the net withdrawals for the prior year period, were primarily driven by higher large plan sales in the current year period.

The increase in institutional investment products account values for the twelve months ended June 30, 2018, primarily reflected net additions resulting from pension risk transfer transactions and interest credited to customer funds. These increases were partially offset by net withdrawals primarily from investment-only stable value accounts. The net additions for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the net withdrawals for the prior year period, were primarily driven by net additions from both pension risk transfer transactions and investment-only stable value accounts in the current year period compared to net withdrawals for both in the prior year period. The increase in net withdrawals for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the prior year period, was primarily driven by higher benefit payments related to pension risk transfer transactions in the current year period.

Group Insurance

Business Update

During the second quarter of 2018, we entered into a yearly renewable term reinsurance agreement with certain external counterparties to reinsure a portion of the mortality risk associated with our group life business. The result is a reduction in risk-based capital required to be held in the segment. Under U.S. GAAP, this agreement will be accounted for under deposit accounting. Going forward, we expect this transaction to have a modest negative impact on the segment’s adjusted operating income as a result of risk charge expenses associated with the reinsurance arrangement and lost investment income on capital released as a result of the transaction.

108

Operating Results

The following table sets forth the Group Insurance segment’s operating results and benefits and administrative operating expense ratios for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Operating results:
Revenues	$	1,424		$	1,362		$	2,840		$	2,745
Benefits and expenses	1,342			1,226			2,703			2,575
Adjusted operating income	82			136			137			170
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	21			(7		)	(9		)	(12		)
Related charges	0			(1		)	0			(1		)
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	103		$	128		$	128		$	157
Benefits ratio(1):
Group life(2)	87.5		%	86.9		%	87.3		%	89.6		%
Group disability(2)	64.0		%	47.5		%	71.4		%	61.0		%
Total Group Insurance(2)	82.8		%	80.0		%	84.2		%	84.5		%
Administrative operating expense ratio(3):
Group life	12.6		%	10.5		%	12.1		%	10.6		%
Group disability	26.4		%	29.0		%	26.7		%	29.2		%
Total Group Insurance	15.3		%	13.9		%	14.9		%	14.1		%

__________ 

(1) Ratio of policyholder benefits to earned premiums plus policy charges and fee income.

(2) Benefits ratios reflect the impacts of our annual reviews and updates of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these impacts, the group life, group disability and total group insurance benefits ratios were 88.6%, 71.6% and 85.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, 87.9%, 75.3% and 85.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, 86.3%, 76.7% and 84.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and 89.3%, 75.5% and 86.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively.

(3) Ratio of general and administrative expenses (excluding commissions) to gross premiums plus policy charges and fee income.

Adjusted Operating Income

Three Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income decreased $54 million, including an unfavorable comparative net impact from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Results for the second quarter of 2018 included a $31 million net benefit from these updates while results for the second quarter of 2017 included a $55 million net benefit from these updates. The net benefit in both periods was primarily driven by favorable experience related to our group disability business. Excluding the effect of these items, adjusted operating income decreased $30 million, primarily reflecting higher expenses, including expenses related to business growth initiatives and the termination of a third-party underwriting service provider contract, and less favorable underwriting results in our group life business, partially offset by more favorable underwriting results in our group disability business. The underwriting results in our group life business primarily reflect an unfavorable impact from claim experience on both non-experience-rated and experience-rated contracts. The underwriting results in our group disability business primarily reflect a favorable impact from claim experience on long-term coverage.

Six Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income decreased $33 million, including an unfavorable comparative net impact from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding the effect of these items, adjusted operating income decreased $9 million, primarily reflecting higher expenses, including expenses related to business growth initiatives and the termination of a third-party underwriting service provider contract, and a lower contribution from net investment spread results driven by lower income on non-coupon investments. These decreases were partially offset by more favorable underwriting results in our group life and group disability businesses. The underwriting results in our group life business primarily reflect more favorable experience on non-experience-rated contracts, while the underwriting results in our group disability business primarily reflect a favorable impact from experience on long-term coverage.

109

Revenues, Benefits and Expenses

Three Month Comparison. Revenues, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” increased $62 million. Excluding an unfavorable comparative impact of $5 million resulting from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above, revenues increased $67 million. The increase primarily reflected higher premiums and policy charges and fee income driven by business growth in both our group life and group disability businesses.

Benefits and expenses, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” increased $116 million. Excluding an unfavorable comparative impact of $19 million resulting from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above, benefits and expenses increased $97 million. The increase primarily reflected higher policyholders’ benefits and changes in reserves driven by higher benefits on non-experience-rated contracts in our group life business, and an increase in general and administrative expenses driven by higher operating expenses supporting business growth and the termination of a third-party underwriting service provider contract.

Six Month Comparison. Revenues increased $95 million. Excluding an unfavorable comparative impact of $5 million resulting from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above, revenues increased $100 million. The increase primarily reflected higher premiums and policy charges and fee income driven by business growth in both our group life and group disability businesses.

Benefits and expenses increased $128 million. Excluding an unfavorable comparative impact of $19 million resulting from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above, benefits and expenses increased $109 million. The increase primarily reflected higher policyholders’ benefits and changes in reserves, and an increase in general and administrative expenses driven by higher operating expenses supporting business growth and the termination of a third-party underwriting service provider contract.

Sales Results

The following table sets forth the Group Insurance segment’s annualized new business premiums, as defined under “—Segment Measures” above, for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in millions)
Annualized new business premiums(1):
Group life	$	46	$	56	$	289	$	242
Group disability	14		14		154		129
Total	$	60	$	70	$	443	$	371

__________ 

(1) Amounts exclude new premiums resulting from rate changes on existing policies, from additional coverage under our Servicemembers’ Group Life Insurance contract and from excess premiums on group universal life insurance that build cash value but do not purchase face amounts.

Total annualized new business premiums for the three months ended June 30, 2018 decreased $10 million compared to the prior year period, reflecting lower sales in our group life business, partially offset by higher sales in our group disability business. Total annualized new business premiums for the six months ended June 30, 2018 increased $72 million compared to the prior year period, reflecting continued growth through sales to new and existing clients in both our group life and group disability businesses.

PGIM Division

PGIM

Business Update

We regularly review our existing businesses and may seek to deploy capital in support of our strategy or to exit an operation if it is determined that it no longer aligns with our broader strategy. In the second quarter of 2018, we exited our PGIM Brazil operations including the sale of our minority interest in a Brazilian asset management joint venture. The results of this divested business and impact of the sale are reflected in our Corporate and Other operations (see “—Results of Operations by Segment—Divested Businesses—Divested Businesses Included in Corporate and Other” for additional information).

110

Operating Results

The following table sets forth the PGIM segment’s operating results for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Operating results(1):
Revenues	$	816		$	787		$	1,642		$	1,543
Expenses	562			569			1,156			1,129
Adjusted operating income	254			218			486			414
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	0			1			(12		)	0
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	(11		)	(3		)	(19		)	0
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	243		$	216		$	455		$	414

__________

(1) Certain of our PGIM segment’s investment activities are based in currencies other than the U.S. dollar and are therefore subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk. The financial results of our PGIM segment include the impact of an intercompany arrangement with our Corporate and Other operations designed to mitigate the impact of exchange rate changes on the segment’s U.S. dollar-equivalent earnings. For more information related to this intercompany arrangement, see “—Results of Operations—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates,” above.

Adjusted Operating Income

Three Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income increased$36 million. The increase primarily reflected higher asset management fees, net of related expenses, driven by an increase in average assets under management as a result of net fixed income inflows and equity market appreciation, partially offset by net equity outflows. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in other related revenues, net of associated expenses, primarily driven by lower transaction fees as well as lower strategic investing results.

Six Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income increased$72 million. The increase primarily reflected higher asset management fees, net of related expenses, driven by an increase in average assets under management as a result of net fixed income inflows and equity market appreciation, partially offset by net equity outflows. Also contributing to the increase were higher other related revenues, net of associated expenses, primarily reflecting higher strategic investing results driven by favorable investment performance and growth in the strategic investments portfolio, and higher transaction fees. These increases were partially offset by higher expenses, including expenses supporting business growth.

Revenues and Expenses

The following table sets forth the PGIM segment’s revenues, presented on a basis consistent with the table above under “—Operating Results,” by type.

111

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in millions)
Revenues by type:
Asset management fees by source:
Institutional customers	$	295	$	279	$	591	$	554
Retail customers(1)	219		194		436		379
General account	115		119		235		234
Total asset management fees	629		592		1,262		1,167
Other related revenues by source:
Incentive fees	6		7		11		14
Transaction fees	4		9		18		16
Strategic investing	19		21		53		43
Commercial mortgage(2)	36		32		56		54
Total other related revenues(3)	65		69		138		127
Service, distribution and other revenues(4)	122		126		242		249
Total revenues	$	816	$	787	$	1,642	$	1,543

__________

(1) Consists of fees from: individual mutual funds and variable annuities and variable life insurance separate account assets; funds invested in proprietary mutual funds through our defined contribution plan products; and third-party sub-advisory relationships. Revenues from fixed annuities and the fixed-rate accounts of variable annuities and variable life insurance are included in the general account.

(2) Includes mortgage origination and spread lending revenues from our commercial mortgage origination and servicing business.

(3) Future revenues will be impacted by the level and diversification of our strategic investments, the commercial real estate market, and other domestic and international markets.

(4) Includes payments from Wells Fargo under an agreement dated as of July 30, 2004, implementing arrangements with respect to money market mutual funds in connection with the combination of our retail securities brokerage and clearing operations with those of Wells Fargo. The agreement extends for ten years after termination of the Wachovia Securities joint venture, which occurred on December 31, 2009. The revenue from Wells Fargo under this agreement was $18 million and $21 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $37 million and $42 million for the six months endedJune 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Three Month Comparison. Revenues, as shown in the table above, increased$29 million. Total asset management fees increased$37 million, primarily due to the increase in assets under management driven by net fixed income inflows, equity market appreciation and strong investment performance. This increase was partially offset by modest decreases in other related revenues and service, distribution and other revenues.

Expenses, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” decreased$7 million, primarily reflecting a decrease in non-compensation related expenses.

Six Month Comparison. Revenues increased$99 million. Total asset management fees increased$95 million, primarily due to the increase in assets under management driven by net fixed income inflows, equity market appreciation and strong investment performance. Other related revenues increased$11 million reflecting higher strategic investing results, driven by favorable investment performance and growth in the strategic investments portfolio, higher transaction fees and an increase in commercial mortgage agency loan originations.

Expenses increased$27 million, primarily reflecting higher compensation attributable to higher earnings and higher non-compensation related expenses due to business growth.

Assets Under Management

The following table sets forth assets under management by asset class and source as of the dates indicated.

112

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		June 30, 2017
	(in billions)
Assets Under Management (at fair value):
Institutional customers:
Equity	$	62.2	$	68.0	$	62.1
Fixed income	386.1		379.4		357.1
Real estate	42.5		42.1		42.0
Institutional customers(1)	490.8		489.5		461.2
Retail customers:
Equity	133.4		132.4		124.2
Fixed income	117.1		111.5		105.5
Real estate	1.5		1.7		1.5
Retail customers(2)	252.0		245.6		231.2
General account:
Equity	5.5		5.8		6.5
Fixed income	405.9		412.5		404.0
Real estate	1.9		1.9		1.8
General account	413.3		420.2		412.3
Total assets under management	$	1,156.1	$	1,155.3	$	1,104.7

__________

(1) Consists of third-party institutional assets and group insurance contracts.

(2) Consists of individual mutual funds and variable annuities and variable life insurance separate account assets; funds invested in proprietary mutual funds through our defined contribution plan products; and third-party sub-advisory relationships. Fixed annuities and the fixed-rate accounts of variable annuities and variable life insurance are included in the general account.

The following table sets forth the component changes in assets under management by asset source for the periods indicated.

113

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Twelve Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2018
	(in billions)
Institutional Customers:
Beginning assets under management	$	489.6		$	445.2		$	489.5		$	431.5		$	461.2
Net additions (withdrawals), excluding money market activity:
Third-party	5.5			6.5			5.3			7.0			9.9
Third-party via affiliates(1)	0.3			(0.4		)	(0.4		)	(0.8		)	2.8
Total	5.8			6.1			4.9			6.2			12.7
Market appreciation (depreciation)(3)	(4.0		)	12.0			(5.2		)	22.8			14.9
Other increases (decreases)(2)	(0.6		)	(2.1		)	1.6			0.7			2.0
Ending assets under management	$	490.8		$	461.2		$	490.8		$	461.2		$	490.8
Retail Customers:
Beginning assets under management	$	246.2		$	217.6		$	245.6		$	209.2		$	231.2
Net additions (withdrawals), excluding money market activity:
Third-party	1.8			1.2			2.8			1.3			5.6
Third-party via affiliates(1)	(1.0		)	5.7			(1.2		)	3.8			(7.0		)
Total	0.8			6.9			1.6			5.1			(1.4		)
Market appreciation (depreciation)(3)	4.8			6.7			5.0			16.9			22.7
Other increases (decreases)(2)	0.2			0.0			(0.2		)	0.0			(0.5		)
Ending assets under management	$	252.0		$	231.2		$	252.0		$	231.2		$	252.0
General Account:
Beginning assets under management	$	420.0		$	406.1		$	420.2		$	399.4		$	412.3
Net additions (withdrawals), excluding money market activity:
Third-party	0.0			0.0			0.0			0.0			0.0
Affiliated	(0.6		)	0.4			1.4			3.4			1.9
Total	(0.6		)	0.4			1.4			3.4			1.9
Market appreciation (depreciation)(3)	(1.6		)	6.2			(6.7		)	8.9			(0.6		)
Other increases (decreases)(2)	(4.5		)	(0.4		)	(1.6		)	0.6			(0.3		)
Ending assets under management	$	413.3		$	412.3		$	413.3		$	412.3		$	413.3

__________

(1) Represents assets that our PGIM segment manages for the benefit of other reporting segments within the Company. Additions and withdrawals of these assets are attributable to third-party product inflows and outflows in other reporting segments.

(2) Includes the effect of foreign exchange rate changes, net money market activity and the impact of acquired business. The impact from foreign currency fluctuations, which primarily impact the general account, resulted in losses of $4.9 billion and $0.7 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, gains of $0.5 billion and $4.6 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and a gain of $0.7 billion for the twelve months ended June 30, 2018.

(3) Includes income reinvestment, where applicable.

Strategic Investments

The following table sets forth the strategic investments of the PGIM segment at carrying value (including the value of derivative instruments used to mitigate equity market and currency risk) by asset class and source as of the dates indicated.

114

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Co-Investments:
Real estate	$	187	$	185
Fixed income	407		584
Seed Investments:
Real estate	50		50
Public equity	707		658
Fixed income	275		309
Total	$	1,626	$	1,786

The decrease in strategic investments was primarily driven by sale of investments in U.S. collateralized loan obligations due to risk retention rules that were vacated in April 2018. This decrease was partially offset by investments in new collateralized loan obligations and seed investments in new mutual funds.

International Insurance Division

International Insurance

Business Update

We regularly review our existing international businesses and may seek to deploy capital in support of our strategy or to exit an operation if it is determined that it no longer aligns with our broader international strategy. In June 2018, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Pramerica of Italy subsidiary. The transaction is expected to close by early 2019, subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions. The results of this divested business and the impact of the anticipated sale are reflected in our Corporate and Other operations (see “—Results of Operations by Segment—Divested Businesses—Divested Businesses Included in Corporate and Other” for additional information).

Operating Results

The results of our International Insurance operations are translated on the basis of weighted average monthly exchange rates, inclusive of the effects of the intercompany arrangement discussed in “—Results of Operations—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates” above. To provide a better understanding of operating performance within the International Insurance segment, where indicated below, we have analyzed our results of operations excluding the effect of the year over year change in foreign currency exchange rates. Our results of operations, excluding the effect of foreign currency fluctuations, were derived by translating foreign currencies to U.S. dollars at uniform exchange rates for all periods presented, including for constant dollar information discussed below. The exchange rates used were Japanese yen at a rate of 111 yen per U.S. dollar and Korean won at a rate of 1150 won per U.S. dollar, both of which were determined in connection with the foreign currency income hedging program discussed in “—Results of Operations—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates” above. In addition, for constant dollar information discussed below, activity denominated in U.S. dollars is generally reported based on the amounts as transacted in U.S. dollars. Annualized new business premiums presented on a constant exchange rate basis in the “Sales Results” section below reflect translation based on these same uniform exchange rates.

The following table sets forth the International Insurance segment’s operating results for the periods indicated.

115

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Operating results:
Revenues:
Life Planner operations	$	2,687		$	2,577		$	5,765		$	5,355
Gibraltar Life and Other operations	2,601			2,906			5,563			5,537
Total revenues	5,288			5,483			11,328			10,892
Benefits and expenses:
Life Planner operations	2,311			2,248			4,973			4,618
Gibraltar Life and Other operations	2,193			2,412			4,715			4,652
Total benefits and expenses	4,504			4,660			9,688			9,270
Adjusted operating income:
Life Planner operations	376			329			792			737
Gibraltar Life and Other operations	408			494			848			885
Total adjusted operating income	784			823			1,640			1,622
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	205			238			50			450
Related charges	1			(2		)	1			(9		)
Investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net	26			67			(88		)	55
Change in experience-rated contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes	(26		)	(67		)	88			(55		)
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	(16		)	(9		)	(33		)	(34		)
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	974		$	1,050		$	1,658		$	2,029

Adjusted Operating Income

Three Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income from our Life Planner operations increased$47 million, including a net favorable impact of $1 million from currency fluctuations, inclusive of the currency hedging program discussed above. Both periods also include the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, which resulted in a $49 million net charge in the second quarter of 2018 compared to a $67 million net charge in the second quarter of 2017. The net charge in both 2018 and 2017 was primarily driven by the impact from unfavorable economic assumption updates driven by a lower long-term interest rate assumption in Japan.

Excluding the effect of these items, adjusted operating income increased$28 million, primarily reflecting the growth of business in force in our Japan and Brazil operations and lower expenses, including lower legal costs. These increases were partially offset by lower net investment results, driven by the impact of lower reinvestment rates, lower prepayment fee income and lower income on non-coupon investments, and an unfavorable impact from mortality experience.

Adjusted operating income from our Gibraltar Life and Other operations decreased$86 million, including a net favorable impact of $1 million from currency fluctuations, inclusive of the currency hedging program discussed above. Both periods also include the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, which resulted in a $32 million net charge in the second quarter of 2018 compared to a $21 million net benefit in the second quarter of 2017.

Excluding the effect of these items, adjusted operating income from our Gibraltar Life and Other operations decreased$34 million, primarily reflecting a shift in earnings seasonality resulting from the elimination of the one-month reporting lag for Gibraltar Life and Other operations (see Note 1 to our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for more information) and unfavorable comparative policyholder experience. The decrease also reflected a lower contribution from net investment results driven by the impact of lower reinvestment rates and lower prepayment fee income, partially offset by higher average invested assets resulting from continued business growth. These unfavorable impacts were partially offset by growth of business in force, driven by higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated products, and more favorable comparative mortality experience.

116

Six Month Comparison. Adjusted operating income from our Life Planner operations increased$55 million, including a net favorable impact of $2 million from currency fluctuations, inclusive of the currency hedging program discussed above. Excluding the impact of currency fluctuations, as well as the impact from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements as discussed above, adjusted operating income increased$35 million, primarily reflecting the growth of business in force in our Japan and Brazil operations and lower expenses, including lower legal costs, partially offset by lower net investment results, driven by the impact of lower reinvestment rates, lower income on non-coupon investments and lower prepayment fee income.

Adjusted operating income from our Gibraltar Life and Other operations decreased$37 million, including a net favorable impact of $2 million from currency fluctuations, inclusive of the currency hedging program discussed above. Excluding the impact of currency fluctuations, as well as the impact from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements as discussed above, adjusted operating income from our Gibraltar Life and Other operations increased $14 million, primarily reflecting the growth of business in force, driven by higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated products, and more favorable comparative mortality experience. These favorable impacts were partially offset by a lower contribution from net investment results driven by the impact of lower prepayment fee income, lower reinvestment rates and lower income on non-coupon investments, partially offset by higher average invested assets resulting from continued business growth.

Revenues, Benefits and Expenses

Three Month Comparison. Revenues from our Life Planner operations increased$110 million, including a net favorable impact of $16 million from currency fluctuations and a net benefit of $3 million from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these items, revenues increased $91 million, primarily driven by higher premiums and policy charges and fee income related to the growth of business in force, as discussed above.

Benefits and expenses of our Life Planner operations increased$63 million, including a net unfavorable impact of $15 million from currency fluctuations and a net benefit of $15 million from our annual review and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these items, benefits and expenses increased $63 million. This increase primarily reflects higher policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, driven by business growth, partially offset by lower general and administrative expenses, net of capitalization, driven by lower expenses, including lower legal costs.

Revenues from our Gibraltar Life and Other operations decreased$305 million, including a net favorable impact of $24 million from currency fluctuations and a net charge of $13 million from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these items, revenues decreased $316 million, primarily reflecting a shift in earnings seasonality resulting from the elimination of the one-month reporting lag for Gibraltar Life and Other operations, as discussed above.

Benefits and expenses of our Gibraltar Life and Other operations decreased$219 million, including a net unfavorable impact of $23 million from currency fluctuations and a net charge of $40 million from our annual review and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these items, benefits and expenses decreased $282 million, driven by a decrease in policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, related to a shift in earnings seasonality as discussed above, and more favorable comparative mortality experience.

Six Month Comparison. Revenues from our Life Planner operations increased$410 million, including a net favorable impact of $116 million from currency fluctuations and a net benefit of $3 million from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these items, revenues increased $291 million, primarily driven by higher premiums and policy charges and fee income related to the growth of business in force, as discussed above.

Benefits and expenses of our Life Planner operations increased$355 million, including a net unfavorable impact of $114 million from currency fluctuations and a net benefit of $15 million from our annual review and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these items, benefits and expenses increased $256 million. This increase primarily reflects higher policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, driven by business growth, partially offset by lower general and administrative expenses, net of capitalization, driven by lower expenses, including lower legal costs.

Revenues from our Gibraltar Life and Other operations increased$26 million, including a net favorable impact of $105 million from currency fluctuations and a net charge of $13 million from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these items, revenues decreased $66 million, primarily driven by lower premiums and policy charges and fee income.

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Benefits and expenses of our Gibraltar Life and Other operations increased$63 million, including a net unfavorable impact of $103 million from currency fluctuations and a net charge of $40 million from our annual review and update of assumptions and other refinements. Excluding these items, benefits and expenses decreased $80 million, primarily driven by a decrease in policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, related to more favorable comparative mortality experience, as discussed above.

Sales Results

The following table sets forth annualized new business premiums, as defined under “—Results of Operations—Segment Measures” above, on an actual and constant exchange rate basis for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in millions)
Annualized new business premiums:
On an actual exchange rate basis:
Life Planner operations	$	296	$	357	$	647	$	821
Gibraltar Life(1)	399		413		806		840
Total(1)	$	695	$	770	$	1,453	$	1,661
On a constant exchange rate basis:
Life Planner operations	$	292	$	353	$	632	$	817
Gibraltar Life(1)	399		413		804		843
Total(1)	$	691	$	766	$	1,436	$	1,660

__________

(1) Prior period amounts are presented on a basis consistent with the current period presentation, reflecting the elimination of the one-month reporting lag for Gibraltar and Other operations.

The amount of annualized new business premiums and the sales mix in terms of types and currency denomination of products for any given period can be significantly impacted by several factors, including but not limited to: the addition of new products, discontinuation of existing products, changes in credited interest rates for certain products and other product modifications, changes in premium rates, changes in interest rates or fluctuations in currency markets (as described below), changes in tax laws, changes in life insurance regulations or changes in the competitive environment. Sales volume may increase or decrease prior to certain of these changes becoming effective, and then fluctuate in the other direction following such changes.

Our diverse product portfolio in Japan, in terms of currency mix and premium payment structure, allows us to adapt to changing market and competitive dynamics, including the extremely low interest rate environment. We regularly examine our product offerings and their related profitability and, as a result, we have repriced or discontinued sales of certain products that do not meet our profit expectations. The impact of these actions, coupled with the introduction of certain new products, has generally resulted in an increase in sales of products denominated in U.S. dollars relative to products denominated in other currencies.

The table below presents annualized new business premiums on a constant exchange rate basis, by product and distribution channel, for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018										Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Life		Accident & Health		Retirement(1)		Annuity		Total		Life		Accident & Health		Retirement(1)		Annuity		Total
	(in millions)
Life Planner	$	164	$	27	$	76	$	25	$	292	$	217	$	28	$	90	$	18	$	353
Gibraltar Life(2):
Life Consultants	$	71	$	11	$	25	$	127	$	234	$	96	$	13	$	25	$	76	$	210
Banks(3)	89		0		5		10		104		113		0		7		13		133
Independent Agency	32		4		18		7		61		37		9		17		7		70
Subtotal	192		15		48		144		399		246		22		49		96		413
Total(2)	$	356	$	42	$	124	$	169	$	691	$	463	$	50	$	139	$	114	$	766

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__________

(1) Includes retirement income, endowment and savings variable universal life.

(2) Prior period amounts are presented on a basis consistent with the current period presentation, reflecting the elimination of the one-month reporting lag for Gibraltar Life and Other operations.

(3) Single pay life annualized new business premiums, which include 10% of first year premiums, and 3-year limited pay annualized new business premiums, which include 100% of new business premiums, represented 0% and 75%, respectively, of total Japanese bank distribution channel annualized new business premiums, excluding annuity products, for the three months ended June 30, 2018, and 8% and 65%, respectively, of total Japanese bank distribution channel annualized new business premiums, excluding annuity products, for the three months ended June 30, 2017.

Three Month Comparison. Annualized new business premiums, on a constant exchange rate basis, from our Life Planner operations decreased $61 million, primarily reflecting accelerated sales in our Japan operations in the prior year period in advance of premium rate increases on yen-based products in the second quarter of 2017 and lower sales of these yen-based products post repricing. The decrease was partially offset by higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated products in our Japan operations.

Annualized new business premiums, on a constant exchange rate basis, from our Gibraltar Life operations decreased $14 million. Life Consultants sales increased $24 million, primarily reflecting higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated annuity products, partially offset by lower sales of yen-denominated life products after the second quarter of 2017 repricing discussed above. Bank channel sales decreased $29 million, primarily from lower sales of U.S. dollar-denominated life products due to increased competition in recurring pay life products and the discontinuation of a single pay life product in the fourth quarter of 2017. Independent Agency sales decreased $9 million, primarily reflecting lower sales of yen-denominated life products after the second quarter of 2017 repricing discussed above and increased competition, partially offset by higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated life products.

The table below presents annualized new business premiums on a constant exchange rate basis, by product and distribution channel, for the periods indicated.

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018										Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Life		Accident & Health		Retirement(1)		Annuity		Total		Life		Accident & Health		Retirement(1)		Annuity		Total
	(in millions)
Life Planner	$	345	$	57	$	183	$	47	$	632	$	495	$	64	$	214	$	44	$	817
Gibraltar Life(2):
Life Consultants	$	147	$	22	$	54	$	206	$	429	$	202	$	27	$	57	$	112	$	398
Banks(3)	224		0		14		24		262		249		0		16		36		301
Independent Agency	58		7		33		15		113		83		15		34		12		144
Subtotal	429		29		101		245		804		534		42		107		160		843
Total(2)	$	774	$	86	$	284	$	292	$	1,436	$	1,029	$	106	$	321	$	204	$	1,660

_____

(1) Includes retirement income, endowment and savings variable universal life.

(2) Prior period amounts are presented on a basis consistent with the current period presentation, reflecting the elimination of the one-month reporting lag for Gibraltar Life and Other operations.

(3) Single pay life annualized new business premiums, which include 10% of first year premiums, and 3-year limited pay annualized new business premiums, which include 100% of new business premiums, represented 0% and 73%, respectively, of total Japanese bank distribution channel annualized new business premiums, excluding annuity products, for the six months ended June 30, 2018, and 6% and 60%, respectively, of total Japanese bank distribution channel annualized new business premiums, excluding annuity products, for the six months ended June 30, 2017.

Six Month Comparison. Annualized new business premiums, on a constant exchange rate basis, from our Life Planner operations decreased $185 million, primarily reflecting accelerated sales in our Japan operations in the prior year period in advance of premium rate increases on yen-based products in the second quarter of 2017 and lower sales of these yen-based products post repricing. The decrease was partially offset by higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated products in our Japan operations.

Annualized new business premiums, on a constant exchange rate basis, from our Gibraltar Life operations decreased $39 million. Life Consultants sales increased $31 million, primarily reflecting higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated annuity products, and higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated life products resulting from the introduction of a new recurring pay life product in the second quarter of 2017. The increase was partially offset by lower sales of yen-denominated life products after the second quarter of 2017 repricing discussed above. Bank channel sales decreased $39 million, primarily from lower sales of U.S. dollar- and Australian dollar-denominated annuity products due to increased competition, lower sales of U.S. dollar-denominated single pay life products due to the discontinuation of a product in the fourth quarter of 2017, partially offset by higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated recurring pay life products. Independent Agency sales decreased $31 million, primarily reflecting lower sales of yen-

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denominated life products after the second quarter of 2017 repricing discussed above and increased competition, partially offset by higher sales of U.S. dollar-denominated life and annuity products.

Corporate and Other

Corporate and Other includes corporate operations, after allocations to our business segments, and divested businesses other than those that qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Operating results:
Capital debt interest expense	$	(172	)	$	(172	)	$	(353	)	$	(344	)
Investment income, net of operating debt interest expense	9			14			36			43
Pension and employee benefits	56			44			96			73
Other corporate activities(1)	(179		)	(198		)	(359		)	(436		)
Adjusted operating income	(286		)	(312		)	(580		)	(664		)
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	199			(62		)	228			(275		)
Related charges	1			(26		)	4			(27		)
Divested businesses	(1,526		)	35			(1,598		)	41
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	4			(3		)	3			(9		)
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	(1,608	)	$	(368	)	$	(1,943	)	$	(934	)

__________ 

(1) Includes consolidating adjustments.

Three Month Comparison. The loss from Corporate and Other operations, on an adjusted operating income basis, decreased $26 million. Net charges from other corporate activities decreased $19 million, including lower costs for employee compensation plans tied to Company stock performance and decreases in other corporate costs, partially offset by increased expenses related to corporate initiatives. Results from pension and employee benefits increased $12 million, including higher income from our qualified pension plan from higher expected earnings on plan assets and lower interest costs on the plan obligation driven by a decline in interest rates in 2017. Results for investment income, net of operating debt interest expense, decreased $5 million, including lower net investment income driven by transfers of investments to support higher capital requirements in the Long-Term Care divested business. This decrease was partially offset by higher income on highly liquid assets and lower operating debt interest expense.

Six Month Comparison. The loss from Corporate and Other operations, on an adjusted operating income basis, decreased $84 million. Net charges from other corporate activities decreased $77 million, including lower costs for employee compensation plans tied to Company stock performance and decreases in other corporate costs, partially offset by increased expenses related to corporate initiatives. Results from pension and employee benefits increased $23 million, including higher income from our qualified pension plan from higher expected earnings on plan assets and lower interest costs on the plan obligation driven by a decline in interest rates in 2017. Capital debt interest expense increased $9 million, reflecting higher debt balances driven by debt issuances in the third quarter of 2017 and the first quarter of 2018, partially offset by the extinguishment of junior subordinated debt in the second quarter of 2018. Results for investment income, net of operating debt interest expense, decreased $7 million, including lower net investment income driven by transfers of investments to support higher capital requirements in the Long-Term Care divested business and the absence of a non-coupon investment gain in the prior year period. This decrease was partially offset by higher income on highly liquid assets and lower operating debt interest expense.

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Divested Businesses

Divested Businesses Included in Corporate and Other

Income from our divested businesses includes results from several businesses that have been or will be sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind down status that do not qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP. The results of these divested businesses are reflected in our Corporate and Other operations, but are excluded from adjusted operating income. A summary of the results of the divested businesses reflected in our Corporate and Other operations is as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017		2018			2017
	(in millions)
Long-Term Care	$	(1,425	)	$	35	$	(1,498	)	$	43
Other	(101		)	0		(100		)	(2		)
Total divested businesses income (loss) excluded from adjusted operating income	$	(1,526	)	$	35	$	(1,598	)	$	41

Long-Term Care. Results for the second quarter of 2018 and the first six months of 2018 decreased compared to the prior year periods primarily reflecting unfavorable comparative net impacts from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements. Results for the current period included a $1,458 million net charge from these updates including the removal of our assumption of expected future morbidity improvement, reflecting unfavorable morbidity experience relative to prior expectations. Excluding these impacts, results for the second quarter of 2018 and the first six months of 2018 decreased compared to the prior year periods, primarily reflecting net realized investment losses in the current periods compared to net realized investment gains in the prior year periods driven by the change in market values of derivatives used for duration management.

As of June 30, 2018, reserve balances for the Long-Term Care business totaled $6.6 billion which represents approximately 2.5% of our total reported liability for future policy benefits. While we discontinued sales of long-term care products in 2012, we currently have approximately 211,000 policies in-force including approximately 65% of those policies written as part of group insurance contracts with the remaining 35% written as individual policies. Approximately 2% of our total policies in-force are currently in claim status and the average age of our covered individuals not currently on claim status is 65. Our book of business, as well as the industry as a whole, is relatively young in terms of experience. As new experience and additional data emerges, further updates to assumptions for this book of business may be necessary.

Other. Results for the second quarter and the first six months of 2018 decreased compared to the prior year periods primarily reflecting losses related to the anticipated sale of our Pramerica of Italy subsidiary and the exit of our PGIM Brazil operations (see “—Results of Operations by Segment—International Insurance Division—International Insurance” and “—Results of Operations by Segment—PGIM Division—PGIM” for additional information).

Closed Block Division

The Closed Block division includes certain in force traditional domestic participating life insurance and annuity products and assets that are used for the payment of benefits and policyholder dividends on these policies (collectively the “Closed Block”), as well as certain related assets and liabilities. We no longer offer these traditional domestic participating policies. See Note 7 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

Each year, the Board of Directors of Prudential Insurance determines the dividends payable on participating policies for the following year based on the experience of the Closed Block, including investment income, net realized and unrealized investment gains, mortality experience and other factors. Although Closed Block experience for dividend action decisions is based upon statutory results, at the time the Closed Block was established, we developed, as required by U.S. GAAP, an actuarial calculation of the timing of the maximum future earnings from the policies included in the Closed Block. If actual cumulative earnings in any given period are greater than the cumulative earnings we expected, we record this excess as a policyholder dividend obligation. We will subsequently pay this excess to Closed Block policyholders as an additional dividend unless it is otherwise offset by future Closed Block performance that is less favorable than we originally expected. The policyholder dividends we charge to expense within the Closed Block division will include any change in our policyholder dividend obligation that we recognize for the excess of actual cumulative earnings in any given period over the cumulative earnings we expected in addition to the actual policyholder dividends declared by the Board of Directors of Prudential Insurance.

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As of June 30, 2018, the excess of actual cumulative earnings over the expected cumulative earnings was $2,685 million, which was recorded as a policyholder dividend obligation. Actual cumulative earnings, as required by U.S. GAAP, reflect the recognition of realized investment gains and losses in the current period, as well as changes in assets and related liabilities that support the Closed Block policies. Additionally, the accumulation of net unrealized investment gains that have arisen subsequent to the establishment of the Closed Block have been reflected as a policyholder dividend obligation of $1,170 million at June 30, 2018, to be paid to Closed Block policyholders unless offset by future experience, with a corresponding amount reported in AOCI.

Operating Results

The following table sets forth the Closed Block division’s results for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
U.S. GAAP results:
Revenues	$	1,388		$	1,449		$	2,551		$	3,006
Benefits and expenses	1,419			1,467			2,591			2,990
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	(31	)	$	(18	)	$	(40	)	$	16

Income (loss) Before Income Taxes and Equity in Earnings of Operating Joint Ventures

Three Month Comparison. Income before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures decreased$13 million. Net investment income decreased$81 million, primarily driven by lower income on non-coupon investments, lower prepayment income and lower reinvestment rates. Results for the second quarter of 2018 reflected a $90 millionincrease in net realized investment gains and related activity, primarily due to favorable changes in the value of derivatives used in risk management activities, partially offset by losses from sales of fixed maturities and unfavorable changes in the value of equity securities. Net insurance activity results increased $9 million, primarily due to the runoff of policies in force. As a result of the above and other variances, a $64 millionincrease in the policyholder dividend obligation was recorded in the second quarter of 2018, compared to a $22 millionreduction in the second quarter of 2017. If actual cumulative earnings fall below expected cumulative earnings in future periods, earnings volatility in the Closed Block division, which is primarily due to changes in investment results, may not be offset by changes in the cumulative earnings policyholder dividend obligation. For a discussion of Closed Block division realized investment gains (losses), net, see “—Realized Investment Gains and Losses.”

Six Month Comparison. Income before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures decreased$56 million. Results for the first six months of 2018 reflected a $199 million decrease in net realized investment gains and related activity, primarily due to lower gains on equity securities and lower gains from sales of fixed maturities, partially offset by favorable changes in the value of derivatives used in risk management activities. Net investment income decreased$133 million, primarily driven by lower income on non-coupon investments, lower reinvestment rates and lower prepayment income. As a result of the above and other variances, a $75 millionreduction in the policyholder dividend obligation was recorded in the second quarter of 2018, compared to a $77 millionincrease in the second quarter of 2017. If actual cumulative earnings fall below expected cumulative earnings in future periods, earnings volatility in the Closed Block division, which is primarily due to changes in investment results, may not be offset by changes in the policyholder dividend obligation. For a discussion of Closed Block division realized investment gains (losses), net, see “—Realized Investment Gains and Losses.”

Revenues, Benefits and Expenses

Three Month Comparison. Revenues, as shown in the table above under “—U.S. GAAP results,” decreased $61 million, primarily due to an $81 million decrease in net investment income, as discussed above, and a $70 million decrease in premiums due to a runoff of policies in force. Partially offsetting these decreases were increases of $62 million in other revenue and $28 million in net realized investment gains, as discussed above.

Benefits and expenses, as shown in the table above under “—U.S. GAAP results,” decreased $48 million, primarily due to a decrease of $76 million in policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, due to the runoff of policies in force, as discussed above. This decrease was partially offset by a $36 million increase in policyholder dividend obligation expense due to changes in cumulative earnings.

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Six Month Comparison. Revenues decreased$455 million, primarily due to decreases of $247 million in net realized investment gains and a $133 million decrease in net investment income, as discussed above, as well as a $123 milliondecrease in premiums due to the runoff of policies in force.

Benefits and expenses decreased$399 million, primarily due to a $248 milliondecrease in dividends to policyholders, reflecting a decrease in the policyholder dividend obligation expense due to changes in cumulative earnings. In addition, policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, decreased$137 million, primarily due to the runoff of policies in force, as discussed above.

Income Taxes

For information regarding income taxes, see Note 8 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities,

Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities and Other Related Investments

Certain products included in the Retirement and International Insurance segments are experience-rated in that investment results associated with these products are expected to ultimately accrue to contractholders. The majority of investments supporting these experience-rated products are carried at fair value. These investments are reflected on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as “Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value.” Realized and unrealized gains (losses) for these investments are reported in “Other income.” Interest and dividend income for these investments is reported in “Net investment income.” To a lesser extent, these experience-rated products are also supported by derivatives and commercial mortgage and other loans. The derivatives that support these experience-rated products are reflected on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as “Other invested assets” and are carried at fair value, and the realized and unrealized gains (losses) are reported in “Realized investment gains (losses), net.” The commercial mortgage and other loans that support these experience-rated products are carried at unpaid principal, net of unamortized discounts and an allowance for losses, and are reflected on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as “Commercial mortgage and other loans.” Gains (losses) on sales and changes in the valuation allowance for commercial mortgage and other loans are reported in “Realized investment gains (losses), net.”

Our Retirement segment has two types of experience-rated products that are supported by assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities and other related investments. Fully participating products are those for which the entire return on underlying investments is passed back to the policyholders through a corresponding adjustment to the related liability, primarily classified in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as “Policyholders’ account balances.” The adjustment to the liability is based on changes in the fair value of all of the related assets, including commercial mortgage and other loans, which are carried at amortized cost, less any valuation allowance. Partially participating products are those for which only a portion of the return on underlying investments is passed back to the policyholders over time through changes to the contractual crediting rates. The crediting rates are typically reset semiannually, often subject to a minimum crediting rate, and returns are required to be passed back within ten years.

In our International Insurance segment, the experience-rated products are fully participating. As a result, the entire return on the underlying investments is passed back to policyholders through a corresponding adjustment to the related liability.

Adjusted operating income excludes net investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, related derivatives and commercial mortgage and other loans. This is consistent with the exclusion of realized investment gains (losses) with respect to other investments supporting insurance liabilities managed on a consistent basis. In addition, to be consistent with the historical treatment of charges related to realized investment gains (losses) on investments, adjusted operating income also excludes the change in contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes in the pool of investments (including changes in the fair value of commercial mortgage and other loans) supporting these experience-rated contracts, which are reflected in “Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances.” The result of this approach is that adjusted operating income for these products includes net fee revenue and interest spread we earn on these experience-rated contracts, and excludes changes in fair value of the pool of investments, both realized and unrealized, that we expect will ultimately accrue to the contractholders.

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The following table sets forth the impact on results for the periods indicated of these items that are excluded from adjusted operating income:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Retirement Segment:
Investment gains (losses) on:
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net	$	(219	)	$	134		$	(508	)	$	190
Derivatives	77			(64		)	40			(85		)
Commercial mortgages and other loans	1			0			3			(1		)
Change in experience-rated contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes(1)(2)	111			(78		)	415			(102		)
Net gains (losses)	$	(30	)	$	(8	)	$	(50	)	$	2
International Insurance Segment:
Investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net	$	26		$	67		$	(88	)	$	55
Change in experience-rated contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes	(26		)	(67		)	88			(55		)
Net gains (losses)	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0
Total:
Investment gains (losses) on:
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net	$	(193	)	$	201		$	(596	)	$	245
Derivatives	77			(64		)	40			(85		)
Commercial mortgages and other loans	1			0			3			(1		)
Change in experience-rated contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes(1)(2)	85			(145		)	503			(157		)
Net gains (losses)	$	(30	)	$	(8	)	$	(50	)	$	2

__________ 

(1) Decreases to contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes are limited by certain floors and therefore do not reflect cumulative declines in recorded asset values of $122 million and $7 million as of June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. We have recovered and expect to recover in future periods these declines in recorded asset values through subsequent increases in recorded asset values or reductions in crediting rates on contractholder liabilities.

(2) Included in the amounts above related to the change in the liability to contractholders as a result of commercial mortgage and other loans are a decrease of $13 million and an increase of $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and a decrease of $30 million and an increase of $5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As prescribed by U.S. GAAP, changes in the fair value of commercial mortgage and other loans held for investment in our general account, other than when associated with impairments, are not recognized in income in the current period, while the impact of these changes in fair value are reflected as a change in the liability to fully participating contractholders in the current period.

The net impacts, for the Retirement segment, of changes in experience-rated contractholder liabilities and investment gains (losses) on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities and other related investments reflect timing differences between the recognition of the mark-to-market adjustments and the recognition of the recovery of these adjustments in future periods through subsequent increases in asset values or reductions in crediting rates on contractholder liabilities for partially participating products. These impacts also reflect the difference between the fair value of the underlying commercial mortgages and other loans and the amortized cost, less any valuation allowance, of these loans, as described above.

Valuation of Assets and Liabilities

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

The authoritative guidance related to fair value measurement establishes a framework that includes a three-level hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The level in the hierarchy within which the fair value falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the measurement. The fair values of assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 include at least one significant unobservable input in the measurement. See Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for an additional description of the valuation hierarchy levels as well as for the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by hierarchy level presented on a consolidated basis.

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The table below presents the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the periods indicated, and the portion of such assets and liabilities that are classified in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. The table also provides details about these assets and liabilities excluding those held in the Closed Block division. We believe the amounts excluding the Closed Block division are most relevant to an understanding of our operations that are pertinent to investors in Prudential Financial because substantially all Closed Block division assets support obligations and liabilities relating to the Closed Block policies only. See Note 7 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the Closed Block.

	As of June 30, 2018								As of December 31, 2017
	PFI excluding Closed Block Division				Closed Block Division				PFI excluding Closed Block Division				Closed Block Division
	Total at Fair Value		Total Level 3(1)		Total at Fair Value		Total Level 3(1)		Total at Fair Value		Total Level 3(1)		Total at Fair Value		Total Level 3(1)
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for- sale	$	301,772	$	3,607	$	39,379	$	957	$	305,518	$	7,557	$	41,262	$	2,139
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities:
Fixed maturities	19,530		816		0		0		20,209		1,408		0		0
Equity securities	1,627		4		0		0		1,643		4		0		0
All other(2)	44		5		0		0		137		7		0		0
Subtotal	21,201		825		0		0		21,989		1,419		0		0
Fixed maturities trading	2,726		172		190		1		3,307		155		200		1
Equity securities	4,905		702		2,149		81		4,855		712		2,479		83
Commercial mortgage and other loans	330		0		0		0		593		0		0		0
Other invested assets(3)	930		122		0		0		1,330		137		2		0
Short-term investments	3,939		1		193		0		5,351		8		436		0
Cash equivalents	5,096		2		470		0		7,722		0		577		0
Other assets	3		0		0		0		14		13		0		0
Separate account assets	273,397		1,816		0		0		280,393		2,122		0		0
Total assets	$	614,299	$	7,247	$	42,381	$	1,039	$	631,072	$	12,123	$	44,956	$	2,223
Future policy benefits	$	6,585	$	6,585	$	0	$	0	$	8,720	$	8,720	$	0	$	0
Other liabilities(3)	742		60		0		0		688		50		0		0
Notes issued by consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”)	609		609		0		0		1,196		1,196		0		0
Total liabilities	$	7,936	$	7,254	$	0	$	0	$	10,604	$	9,966	$	0	$	0

__________

(1) Level 3 assets expressed as a percentage of total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for PFI excluding the Closed Block division and for the Closed Block division totaled 1.2% and 2.5%, respectively, as of June 30, 2018, and 1.9% and 4.9%, respectively, as of December 31, 2017.

(2) “All other” represents cash equivalents and short-term investments.

(3) “Other invested assets” and “Other liabilities” primarily include derivatives. The amounts include the impact of netting subject to master netting agreements.

The determination of fair value, which for certain assets and liabilities is dependent on the application of estimates and assumptions, can have a significant impact on our results of operations and may require the application of a greater degree of judgment depending on market conditions, as the ability to value assets and liabilities can be significantly impacted by a decrease in market activity or a lack of transactions executed in an orderly manner. The following sections provide information regarding certain assets and liabilities which are valued using Level 3 inputs and could have a significant impact on our results of operations.

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Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities

Fixed maturity securities included in Level 3 in our fair value hierarchy are generally priced based on internally-developed valuations or indicative broker quotes. For certain private fixed maturity and equity securities, the internal valuation models use significant unobservable inputs and, accordingly, such securities are included in Level 3 in our fair value hierarchy. Level 3 fixed maturity securities for PFI excluding the Closed Block division included approximately $2.1 billion of public fixed maturities as of June 30, 2018, with values primarily based on indicative broker quotes, and approximately $2.5 billion of private fixed maturities, with values primarily based on internally-developed models. Significant unobservable inputs used included: issue specific spread adjustments, material non-public financial information, management judgment, estimation of future earnings and cash flows, default rate assumptions, liquidity assumptions and indicative quotes from market makers. These inputs are usually considered unobservable, as not all market participants have access to this data.

The Company’s determination to classify assets and liabilities within Level 3 is based on significance of the unobservable inputs in the overall fair value measurement. Periodically, transfers between levels are made to reflect changes in observability of inputs and market activity. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, $5,078 million of investments in collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) reported as “Asset-backed securities” were transferred from Level 3 to Level 2 as market activity, liquidity and overall observability of valuation inputs of CLOs has increased. All transfers are generally reported at the value as of the beginning of the quarter in which transfers occur for any such assets still held at the end of the quarter.

The impact that fair value changes of fixed maturity securities (and equity securities prior to January 1, 2018) have on the results of operations is dependent on the classification of the security as trading, available-for-sale, or held-to-maturity. For investments classified as trading, changes in fair value are recorded within “Other income.” For investments classified as available-for-sale, changes in fair value are recorded as an unrealized gain or loss in AOCI, a separate component of equity. Investments classified as held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost and the changes in fair value have no impact on the results of operations. Effective January 1, 2018, as a result of the adoption of accounting standards updates (“ASU”) 2016-01, the classifications above no longer apply to equity securities and changes in fair value are recorded within “Other Income.”

Separate Account Assets

Separate account assets included in Level 3 primarily include corporate securities and commercial mortgage loans. The valuation of corporate securities is determined as described above for fixed maturity and equity securities. See Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the valuation of commercial mortgage loans. Separate account liabilities are reported at contract value and not at fair value.

Variable Annuity Living Benefit Features

Future policy benefits classified in Level 3 primarily include liabilities related to guarantees associated with the living benefit features of certain variable annuity contracts offered by our Individual Annuities segment, including guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits (“GMAB”), guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”) and guaranteed minimum income and withdrawal benefits (“GMIWB”). These benefits are accounted for as embedded derivatives and carried at fair value with changes in fair value included in “Realized investment gains (losses), net.” The fair values of the GMAB, GMWB and GMIWB liabilities are calculated as the present value of future expected benefit payments to customers less the present value of future rider fees attributable to the embedded derivative feature. This methodology could result in either a liability or contra-liability balance, based on capital market conditions and various policyholder behavior assumptions. Since there is no observable active market for the transfer of these obligations, the valuations are calculated using internally-developed models with option pricing techniques. These models utilize significant assumptions that are primarily unobservable, including assumptions as to lapse rates, NPR, utilization rates, withdrawal rates, mortality rates and equity market volatility. Future policy benefits classified as Level 3 for PFI excluding the Closed Block division were a net liability of $6.6 billion as of June 30, 2018. For additional information, see “—Results of Operations by Segment—U.S. Individual Solutions Division—Individual Annuities.”

Notes Issued by Consolidated VIEs

As discussed in Note 4 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements, notes issued by consolidated VIEs represent non-recourse notes issued by certain asset-backed investment vehicles, primarily collateralized loan obligations, which we are required to consolidate. We have elected the fair value option for these notes, which are valued based on corresponding bank loan collateral.

For additional information about the key estimates and assumptions used in our determination of fair value, see Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Realized Investment Gains and Losses

Realized investment gains and losses are generated from numerous sources, including the following significant items:

• sales of investments;

• maturities of foreign-denominated investments;

• adjustments to the cost basis of investments for OTTI;

• recognition of OTTI in earnings for foreign-denominated securities that are approaching maturity and are in an unrealized loss position due to foreign currency exchange rate movements;

• net changes in the allowance for losses, certain restructurings and foreclosures on commercial mortgage and other loans; and

• fair value changes on embedded derivatives and free-standing derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment.

The level of OTTI generally reflects economic conditions and is expected to increase when economic conditions worsen and to decrease when economic conditions improve. Historically, the causes of OTTI have been specific to each individual issuer and have not directly resulted in impairments to other securities within the same industry or geographic region. We may also realize additional credit and interest rate-related losses through sales of investments pursuant to our credit risk and portfolio management objectives. For additional information regarding our OTTI policies for fixed maturity securities, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

We use interest rate and currency derivatives to manage interest and currency exchange rate exposures arising from mismatches between assets and liabilities, including duration mismatches. We also use derivative contracts to mitigate the risk that unfavorable changes in currency exchange rates will materially affect U.S. dollar-equivalent earnings generated by certain of our non-U.S. businesses. In addition, equity-based and interest rate derivatives hedge a portion of the risks embedded in certain variable annuity products with optional living benefit guarantees. Many of these derivative contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting; and consequently, we recognize the changes in fair value of such contracts from period to period in current earnings, although the required accounting for associated assets and liabilities may or may not be similar.

Accordingly, realized investment gains and losses from our derivative activities can contribute significantly to fluctuations in net income. For a further discussion of living benefit guarantees and related hedge positions in our Individual Annuities segment, see “—Results of Operations by Segment—U.S. Individual Solutions Division—Individual Annuities” above.

Adjusted operating income generally excludes “Realized investment gains (losses), net,” subject to certain exceptions. These exceptions primarily include realized investment gains or losses within certain of our businesses for which such gains or losses are a principal source of earnings, gains or losses associated with terminating hedges of foreign currency earnings and current period yield adjustments and related charges and adjustments. OTTI, interest rate-related losses and credit-related losses on sales (other than those related to certain of our businesses which primarily originate investments for sale or syndication to unrelated investors) are excluded from adjusted operating income. Additionally, adjusted operating income generally excludes realized investment gains and losses from products that contain embedded derivatives and from associated derivative portfolios that are part of an asset-liability management program related to the risk of those products. However, the effectiveness of the hedging program will ultimately be reflected in adjusted operating income over time. For additional details regarding adjusted operating income, see Note 13 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Liabilities which impacted the Company’s accounting and presentation related to equity investments. For additional details regarding the adoption of ASU 2016-01, see Note 2 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

The following table sets forth “Realized investment gains (losses), net,” by investment type as well as related charges and adjustments, for the periods indicated:

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	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Realized investment gains (losses), net:
PFI excluding Closed Block division	$	575		$	(1,174	)	$	1,002		$	(1,020	)
Closed Block division	110			82			108			355
Consolidated realized investment gains (losses), net	$	685		$	(1,092	)	$	1,110		$	(665	)
PFI excluding Closed Block Division:
Realized investment gains (losses), net:
Fixed maturity securities(1)	$	198		$	180		$	249		$	314
Equity securities(2)	0			48			0			74
Commercial mortgage and other loans	8			13			19			26
Derivative instruments	303			(1,415		)	661			(1,435		)
Other	66			0			73			1
Total	$	575		$	(1,174	)	$	1,002		$	(1,020	)
Related adjustments	(182		)	(203		)	(522		)	(423		)
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments	393			(1,377		)	480			(1,443		)
Related charges	(116		)	698			(139		)	802
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments	$	277		$	(679	)	$	341		$	(641	)
Closed Block Division:
Realized investment gains (losses), net:
Fixed maturity securities(1)	$	(33	)	$	49		$	(6	)	$	89
Equity securities(2)	0			116			0			346
Commercial mortgage and other loans	(3		)	1			(2		)	2
Derivative instruments	142			(81		)	112			(72		)
Other	4			(3		)	4			(10		)
Total	$	110		$	82		$	108		$	355

__________

(1) Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading.

(2) Effective January 1, 2018, realized gains (losses) on equity securities are recorded within “Other income.”

PFI excluding Closed Block Division—Realized Investments Gains (Losses)

The following table sets forth net realized gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities (excluding securities classified as trading), for the periods indicated:

128

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(in millions)
Gross realized investment gains:
Gross gains on sales and maturities	$	390		$	341		$	691		$	651
Gross realized investment losses:
Net OTTI recognized in earnings(1)	(35		)	(34		)	(66		)	(65		)
Gross losses on sales and maturities	(154		)	(120		)	(373		)	(264		)
Credit-related losses on sales	(3		)	(7		)	(3		)	(8		)
Total gross realized investment losses	(192		)	(161		)	(442		)	(337		)
Realized investment gains (losses), net—Fixed Maturity Securities	$	198		$	180		$	249		$	314
Net gains (losses) on sales and maturities—Fixed Maturity Securities(2)	$	236		$	221		$	318		$	387

 __________

(1) Excludes the portion of OTTI recorded in OCI, representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment.

(2) Amounts exclude OTTI and credit-related losses through sales of investments due to expected near-term credit conditions of an underlying issuer.

2018 to 2017 Three Month Comparison

Net gains on sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities were $236 million and $221 million for the second quarter of 2018 and 2017, respectively, primarily driven by sales and maturities of U.S. and Australian dollar-denominated securities within our International Insurance segment. See below for additional information regarding OTTI of fixed maturity securities.

Net realized gains on equity securities were $48 million for the second quarter of 2017, primarily driven by net gains on sales of $51 million, offset by OTTI of $3 million.

Net realized gains on commercial mortgage and other loans were $8 million in the second quarter of 2018 primarily driven by net gains on originated mortgage servicing rights in our investment management business of $20 million, partially offset by an increase in the allowance for losses of $13 million. Net realized gains on commercial mortgage and other loans were $13 million in the second quarter of 2017 primarily driven by net gains on originated mortgage servicing rights in our investment management business. For additional information regarding our allowance for losses, see “—General Account Investments—Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans—Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans Quality.”

Net realized gains on derivatives were $303 million in the second quarter of 2018, compared to net realized losses of $1,415 million in the second quarter of 2017. The net derivative gains in the second quarter of 2018 reflected gains of $528 million on foreign currency derivatives used to hedge foreign-denominated investments as the U.S. dollar strengthened against various currencies; and net gains of $33 million primarily representing the fees earned on fee-based synthetic guaranteed investment contracts (“GICs”), which are accounted for as derivatives. Partially offsetting these gains were net losses of $181 million on foreign currency derivatives primarily in our Japanese insurance operations used to hedge non-yen denominated investments as the Japanese yen weakened against various currencies; and net losses of $73 million on interest rate derivatives used to manage duration as swap rates and U.S. Treasury rates increased. The net derivative losses for the second quarter of 2017 primarily reflected $1,730 million of losses on product-related embedded derivatives and related hedge positions associated with certain variable annuity contracts predominantly as a result of changes in the NPR adjustment related to tightening credit spreads. Partially offsetting these losses were net gains of $273 million on interest rate derivatives used to manage duration as swap rates and U.S. Treasury rates decreased and $40 million of gains primarily representing the fees earned on fee-based synthetic GICs.

Related adjustments include the portions of “Realized investment gains (losses), net” that are included in adjusted operating income and the portions of “Other income” and “Net investment income” that are excluded from adjusted operating income. These adjustments are made to arrive at “Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments” which are excluded from adjusted operating income. Results for the second quarter of 2018 and 2017 included net negative related adjustments of $182 million and $203 million, respectively. Both periods’ results were primarily driven by settlements and changes in values related to interest rate and currency derivatives. Additionally, the second quarter of 2018 result was also driven by the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on certain non-local currency denominated assets and liabilities within the International Insurance segment, for which the majority of the foreign currency exposure is hedged and offset in “Realized Investment gains (losses), net,”

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Charges that relate to “Realized investment gains (losses), net” are also excluded from adjusted operating income and may be reflected as net charges or net benefits. Results for the second quarter of 2018 included a net related charge of $116 million, compared to a net related benefit of $698 million for the second quarter of 2017. Both periods’ results were driven by the impact of derivative activity on the amortization of DAC, other costs and certain policyholder reserves.

2018 to 2017 Six Month Comparison

Net gains on sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities were $318 million and $387 million in the first six months of 2018 and 2017, respectively, primarily driven by sales and maturities of U.S. and Australian dollar-denominated securities within our International Insurance segment. See below for additional information regarding OTTI of fixed maturity securities.

Net realized gains on equity securities were $74 million in the first six months of 2017, primarily driven by net gains on sales of $82 million, offset by OTTI of $8 million.

Net realized gains on commercial mortgage and other loans were $19 million in the first six months of 2018, primarily driven by net gains on originated mortgage servicing rights in our investment management business of $31million, partially offset by an increase in the allowance for losses of $15 million. Net realized gains on commercial mortgage and other loans in the first six months of 2017 were $26 million, primarily driven by net gains on originated mortgage servicing rights in our investment management business. For additional information regarding our allowance for losses, see “—General Account Investments—Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans—Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans Quality.”

Net realized gains on derivatives were $661 million in the first six months of 2018, compared to net realized losses of $1,435 million in the first six months of 2017. The net derivative gains in the first six months of 2018 reflected gains of $800 million on product-related embedded derivatives and related hedges mainly associated with certain variable annuity contracts; net gains of $180 million on foreign currency derivatives used to hedge foreign-denominated investments as the U.S. dollar strengthened against various currencies; net gains of $61 million on foreign currency derivatives primarily in our Japanese insurance operations used to hedge non-yen denominated investments as the Japanese yen strengthened against various currencies; and net gains of $76 million primarily representing the fees earned on fee-based synthetic GICs, which are accounted for as derivatives. Partially offsetting these gains were net losses of $451 million on interest rate derivatives used to manage duration as swap rates and U.S. Treasury rates increased. The net derivative losses in the first six months of 2017 primarily reflected $1,738 million of losses on product-related embedded derivatives and related hedges mainly associated with certain variable annuity contracts and $184 million of losses on foreign currency derivatives used to hedge foreign-denominated investments as the U.S. dollar weakened against various currencies. Partially offsetting these losses were net gains of $268 million on interest rate derivatives used to manage duration as swap rates and U.S. Treasury rates decreased, net gains of $105 million on currency derivatives primarily in Japan insurance operations used to hedge non-yen denominated investments as the Japanese yen strengthened against various currencies, and net gains of $79 million primarily representing the fees earned on fee-based synthetic GICs.

Results for the first six months of 2018 and 2017 included net negative related adjustments of $522 million and $423 million, respectively. Both periods’ results were driven by the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on certain non-local currency denominated assets and liabilities within the International Insurance segment, for which the majority of the foreign currency exposure is hedged and offset in “Realized Investment gains (losses), net,” as well as settlements on interest rate and currency derivatives.

Results for the first six months of 2018 included a net related charge of $139 million, compared to a net related benefit of $802 million in the first six months of 2017. Both periods’ results were driven by the impact of derivative activity on the amortization of DAC, and other costs and certain policyholder reserves.

130

PFI excluding Closed Block Division—OTTI

The following tables set forth the composition of OTTI recorded in earnings attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division by investment type and for fixed maturity securities by reason, for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in millions)
Public fixed maturity securities	$	13	$	11	$	28	$	15
Private fixed maturity securities	22		23		38		50
Total fixed maturity securities(1)	35		34		66		65
Equity securities(2)	0		3		0		8
Other invested assets(3)	3		4		6		8
Total(4)	$	38	$	41	$	72	$	81

__________

(1) Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading.

(2) Effective January 1, 2018, the identification of OTTI for equity securities is no longer needed as all of these investments are now measured at fair value with changes in fair value reported in earnings.

(3) Primarily includes OTTI related to investments in limited partnerships and limited liability companies and real estate held through direct ownership.

(4) Excludes amounts remaining in OCI from previously impaired investments, representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in millions)
Due to foreign exchange rate movements on securities approaching maturity	$	8	$	3	$	16	$	24
Due to securities actively marketed for sale	3		5		11		6
Due to credit events or adverse conditions of the respective issuer(1)	24		26		39		35
Total fixed maturity securities(2)(3)	$	35	$	34	$	66	$	65

__________

(1) Represents circumstances where we believe credit events or other adverse conditions of the respective issuers have caused or will lead to a deficiency in the contractual cash flows related to the investment. The amount of the impairment recorded in earnings is the difference between the amortized cost of the debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit in the debt security prior to impairment.

(2) Excludes amounts remaining in OCI from previously impaired investments, representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment.

(3) Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading.

2018 to 2017 Three Month Comparison

Fixed maturity security OTTI in the second quarter of 2018 were concentrated in the utility, energy and consumer cyclical sectors within corporate securities and were primarily related to securities with liquidity concerns, downgrades in credit, bankruptcy or other adverse financial conditions of the respective issuers and securities approaching maturity with losses from foreign currency exchange rate movements which were primarily hedged with derivatives that had an offsetting realized gain. Fixed maturity security OTTI in the second quarter of 2017 were concentrated in the energy and utility sectors within corporate securities and were related to securities with liquidity concerns, downgrades in credit, bankruptcy or other adverse financial conditions of the respective issuers.

Equity security OTTI in the second quarter of 2017 were primarily driven by the extent and duration of declines in values.

2018 to 2017 Six Month Comparison

131

Fixed maturity security OTTI in the first six months of 2018 were concentrated in the energy, utility and consumer cyclical sectors within corporate securities and were primarily related to securities with liquidity concerns, downgrades in credit, bankruptcy or other adverse financial conditions of the respective issuers and securities approaching maturity with losses from foreign currency exchange rate movements which were primarily hedge with derivatives that had an offsetting realized gain. Fixed maturity security OTTI in the first six months of 2017 were concentrated in the energy, finance and utility sectors within corporate securities and were related to securities with credit events or other adverse conditions of the respective issuers as well as securities approaching maturity with losses from foreign currency exchange rate movements which were primarily hedged with derivatives that had an offsetting realized gain.

Equity security OTTI in the first six months of 2017 were primarily driven by the extent and duration of declines in values.

Closed Block Division—Realized Investments Gains (Losses) and OTTI

Net realized losses on fixed maturity securities were $33 million in the second quarter of 2018, primarily due to OTTI of $23 million and net losses of $10 million on sales and maturities. Net realized gains on fixed maturity securities of $49 million in the second quarter of 2017 were primarily due to net gains of $61 million on sales and maturities offset by OTTI of $12 million. Net realized losses on fixed maturity securities were $6 million in the first six months of 2018, primarily due to OTTI of $31 million offset by net gains of $25 million on sales and maturities. Net realized gains on fixed maturity securities of $89 million in the first six months of 2017 were primarily due to net gains of $124 million on sales and maturities offset by OTTI of $35 million.

Net realized gains on equity securities were $116 million in the second quarter of 2017, primarily driven by net gains on sales of $118 million, offset by OTTI of $2 million. Net realized gains on equity securities were $346 million in the first six months of 2017, primarily driven by net gains on sales of $349 million, offset by OTTI of $3 million.

Net realized gains on derivatives were $142 million in the second quarter of 2018, compared to net realized losses of $81 million in the second quarter of 2017. The net derivative gains in the second quarter of 2018 primarily reflected gains of $133 million on foreign currency derivatives used to hedge foreign-denominated investments as the U.S. dollar strengthened against various currencies. The net derivative losses in the second quarter of 2017 primarily reflected losses of $75 million on currency derivatives used to hedge foreign-denominated investments as the U.S. dollar weakened against various currencies. Net realized gains on derivatives were $112 million in the first six months of 2018, compared to net realized losses of $72 million in the first six months of 2017. The net derivative gains in the first six months of 2018 primarily reflected gains of $90 million on foreign currency derivatives used to hedge foreign-denominated investments as the U.S. dollar strengthened against various currencies and gains of $22 million on net short interest rate derivatives used to manage duration as swap rates increased. The net derivative losses in the first six months of 2017 primarily reflected losses of $74 million on currency derivatives used to hedge foreign-denominated investments as the U.S. dollar weakened against various currencies.

General Account Investments

Portfolio Composition

Our investment portfolio consists of public and private fixed maturity securities, commercial mortgage and other loans, policy loans and non-coupon investments, which include equity securities and other invested assets such as LPs/LLCs, real estate held through direct ownership, derivative instruments and seed money investments in separate accounts. The composition of our general account reflects, within the discipline provided by our risk management approach, our need for competitive results and the selection of diverse investment alternatives available primarily through our PGIM segment. The size of our portfolio enables us to invest in asset classes that may be unavailable to the typical investor.

The following tables set forth the composition of the investments of our general account apportioned between PFI excluding the Closed Block division and the Closed Block division, as of the dates indicated:

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	June 30, 2018
	PFI Excluding Closed Block Division				Closed Block Division		Total
	($ in millions)
Fixed maturities:
Public, available-for-sale, at fair value	$	257,231	64.2	%	$	26,291	$	283,522
Public, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	1,747		0.4		0		1,747
Private, available-for-sale, at fair value	44,090		11.0		13,088		57,178
Private, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	273		0.1		0		273
Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value	1,584		0.4		190		1,774
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value	21,497		5.4		0		21,497
Equity securities, at fair value	4,428		1.1		2,149		6,577
Commercial mortgage and other loans, at book value	49,354		12.2		8,898		58,252
Policy loans, at outstanding balance	7,466		1.9		4,469		11,935
Other invested assets(1)	7,883		2.0		3,335		11,218
Short-term investments	5,337		1.3		364		5,701
Total general account investments	400,890		100.0	%	58,784		459,674
Invested assets of other entities and operations(2)	4,845				0		4,845
Total investments	$	405,735			$	58,784	$	464,519

	December 31, 2017
	PFI Excluding Closed Block Division				Closed Block Division		Total
	($ in millions)
Fixed maturities:
Public, available-for-sale, at fair value	$	260,430	64.7	%	$	27,448	$	287,878
Public, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	1,747		0.4		0		1,747
Private, available-for-sale, at fair value	44,479		11.1		13,814		58,293
Private, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	302		0.1		0		302
Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value	1,589		0.4		200		1,789
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value	22,097		5.5		0		22,097
Equity securities, at fair value	4,276		1.1		2,479		6,755
Commercial mortgage and other loans, at book value	46,394		11.5		9,017		55,411
Policy loans, at outstanding balance	7,348		1.8		4,543		11,891
Other invested assets(1)	7,510		1.9		3,159		10,669
Short-term investments	6,103		1.5		631		6,734
Total general account investments	402,275		100.0	%	61,291		463,566
Invested assets of other entities and operations(2)	6,305				0		6,305
Total investments(3)	$	408,580			$	61,291	$	469,871

__________

(1) Other invested assets consist of investments in LPs/LLCs, investment real estate held through direct ownership, derivative instruments and other miscellaneous investments. For additional information regarding these investments, see “—Other Invested Assets” below.

(2) Includes invested assets of our investment management and derivative operations. Excludes assets of our investment management operations that are managed for third-parties and those assets classified as “Separate account assets” on our balance sheet. For additional information regarding these investments, see “—Invested Assets of Other Entities and Operations” below.

(3) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. For additional information, see Note 2 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

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The decrease in general account investments attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division in the first six months of 2018 was primarily due to an increase in U.S. interest rates and credit spread widening, partially offset by the reinvestment of net investment income. For information regarding the methodology used in determining the fair value of our fixed maturities, see Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, 43% and 42%, respectively, of our general account investments attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division related to our Japanese insurance operations. The following table sets forth the composition of the investments of our Japanese insurance operations’ general account, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities:
Public, available-for-sale, at fair value	$	130,921	$	128,332
Public, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	1,747		1,747
Private, available-for-sale, at fair value	15,185		14,538
Private, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	273		302
Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value	180		257
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value	2,570		2,586
Equity securities, at fair value	2,191		2,151
Commercial mortgage and other loans, at book value	16,287		14,268
Policy loans, at outstanding balance	2,613		2,545
Other invested assets(1)	1,577		2,021
Short-term investments	416		244
Total Japanese general account investments(2)	$	173,960	$	168,991

__________ 

(1) Other invested assets consist of investments in LPs/LLCs, investment real estate held through direct ownership, derivative instruments and other miscellaneous investments.

(2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. For additional information, see Note 2 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

The increase in general account investments related to our Japanese insurance operations in the first six months of 2018 was primarily attributable to the reinvestment of net investment income, net business inflows and the translation impact of the yen strengthening against the U.S. dollar.

As of June 30, 2018, our Japanese insurance operations had $63.3 billion, at carrying value, of investments denominated in U.S. dollars, including $3.8 billion that were hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts and $46.9 billion that support liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars, with the remainder hedging our foreign currency exchange rate exposure on U.S. dollar-equivalent equity. As of December 31, 2017, our Japanese insurance operations had $62.6 billion, at carrying value, of investments denominated in U.S. dollars, including $5.8 billion that were hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts and $43.8 billion that support liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars, with the remainder hedging our foreign currency exchange rate exposure on U.S. dollar-equivalent equity. The $0.7 billion increase in the carrying value of U.S. dollar-denominated investments from December 31, 2017 was primarily attributable to portfolio growth as a result of net business inflows and the reinvestment of net investment income, partially offset by the reduction of the U.S. dollar investments hedged back to yen through third-party derivatives.

Our Japanese insurance operations had $10.8 billion and $11.4 billion, at carrying value, of investments denominated in Australian dollars that support liabilities denominated in Australian dollars as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The $0.6 billion decrease in the carrying value of Australian dollar-denominated investments from December 31, 2017 was primarily attributable to the translation impact of the Australian dollar weakening against the U.S. dollar. For additional information regarding U.S. and Australian dollar investments held in our Japanese insurance operations and a discussion of our yen hedging strategy, see “—Results of Operations by Segment—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates” above.

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Investment Results

The following tables set forth the investment results of our general account apportioned between PFI excluding the Closed Block division and the Closed Block division, for the periods indicated. The yields are based on net investment income as reported under U.S. GAAP and as such do not include certain interest-related items, such as settlements of duration management swaps which are included in “Realized investment gains (losses), net.”

2018 to 2017 Three Month Comparison

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	PFI Excluding Closed Block Division and Japanese Operations					Japanese Insurance Operations					PFI Excluding Closed Block Division					Closed Block Division			Total(4)
	Yield(1)		Amount			Yield(1)		Amount			Yield(1)		Amount			Amount			Amount
	($ in millions)
Fixed maturities(2)	4.68	%	$	1,747		2.87	%	$	922		3.84	%	$	2,669		$	433		$	3,102
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities	3.69		174			1.14		7			3.38		181			0			181
Equity securities	1.56		9			5.48		30			3.50		39			14			53
Commercial mortgage and other loans	3.98		328			3.93		156			3.97		484			105			589
Policy loans	5.35		65			3.83		25			4.81		90			66			156
Short-term investments and cash equivalents	2.02		61			1.92		10			2.01		71			9			80
Other invested assets(2)	3.60		66			6.47		33			4.21		99			16			115
Gross investment income	4.32		2,450			3.04		1,183			3.80		3,633			643			4,276
Investment expenses	(0.15	)	(99		)	(0.12	)	(60		)	(0.14	)	(159		)	(52		)	(211		)
Investment income after investment expenses	4.17	%	2,351			2.92	%	1,123			3.66	%	3,474			591			4,065
Investment results of other entities and operations(3)			31					0					31			0			31
Total investment income			$	2,382				$	1,123				$	3,505		$	591		$	4,096

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	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
	PFI Excluding Closed Block Division and Japanese Operations					Japanese Insurance Operations					PFI Excluding Closed Block Division					Closed Block Division			Total(4)
	Yield(1)		Amount			Yield(1)		Amount			Yield(1)		Amount			Amount			Amount
	($ in millions)
Fixed maturities(2)	4.53	%	$	1,601		3.05	%	$	910		3.85	%	$	2,511		$	441		$	2,952
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities	3.50		171			1.11		6			3.25		177			0			177
Equity securities	5.83		74			2.86		21			4.71		95			14			109
Commercial mortgage and other loans	4.06		321			4.26		133			4.12		454			124			578
Policy loans	5.35		62			3.95		25			4.87		87			68			155
Short-term investments and cash equivalents	1.26		35			1.44		4			1.27		39			6			45
Other invested assets(2)	5.87		94			8.24		39			6.41		133			63			196
Gross investment income	4.34		2,358			3.20		1,138			3.89		3,496			716			4,212
Investment expenses	(0.13	)	(73		)	(0.12	)	(44		)	(0.13	)	(117		)	(44		)	(161		)
Investment income after investment expenses	4.21	%	2,285			3.08	%	1,094			3.76	%	3,379			672			4,051
Investment results of other entities and operations(3)			38					0					38			0			38
Total investment income			$	2,323				$	1,094				$	3,417		$	672		$	4,089

__________ 

(1) Yields are annualized, for interim periods, and are based on quarterly average carrying values except for fixed maturities and securities lending activity. Yields for fixed maturities are based on quarterly average amortized cost. Yields for fixed maturities, short-term investments and cash equivalents are calculated net of liabilities and rebate expenses corresponding to securities lending activity. Yields exclude investment income on assets other than those included in invested assets. Prior period yields have been revised to conform to current period presentation.

(2) Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading, which are included in Other invested assets.

(3) Includes net investment income of our investment management operations and derivative operations.

(4) The total yield was 3.75% and 3.92% for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The decrease in net investment income yield attributable to our general account investments, excluding both the Closed Block division and the Japanese insurance operations’ portfolio, for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2017, was primarily the result of lower yields from non-coupon investments.

The decrease in net investment income yield on the Japanese insurance operations’ portfolio, for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2017, was primarily attributable to lower fixed income reinvestment rates and lower fixed maturity prepayment fees and call premiums.

Both the U.S. dollar-denominated and Australian dollar-denominated fixed maturities that are not hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts provide a yield that is substantially higher than the yield on comparable yen-denominated fixed maturities. The average amortized cost of U.S. dollar-denominated fixed maturities that are not hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts was approximately $43.6 billion and $41.2 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The majority of U.S. dollar-denominated fixed maturities support liabilities that are denominated in U.S. dollars. The average amortized cost of Australian dollar-denominated fixed maturities that are not hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts was approximately $10.0 billion and $10.2 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Australian dollar-denominated fixed maturities support liabilities that are denominated in Australian dollars. For additional information regarding U.S. and Australian dollar investments held in our Japanese insurance operations, see “—Results of Operations by Segment—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates” above.

2018 to 2017 Six Month Comparison

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	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	PFI Excluding Closed Block Division and Japanese Operations					Japanese Insurance Operations					PFI Excluding Closed Block Division					Closed Block Division			Total(4)
	Yield(1)		Amount			Yield(1)		Amount			Yield(1)		Amount			Amount			Amount
	($ in millions)
Fixed maturities(2)	4.65	%	$	3,449		2.92	%	$	1,845		3.86	%	$	5,294		$	857		$	6,151
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities	3.66		347			1.94		25			3.45		372			0			372
Equity securities	1.68		19			3.54		38			2.61		57			24			81
Commercial mortgage and other loans	3.99		647			3.92		299			3.97		946			208			1,154
Policy loans	5.34		128			3.86		50			4.82		178			130			308
Short-term investments and cash equivalents	1.81		115			1.91		17			1.82		132			17			149
Other invested assets(2)	3.36		120			5.62		60			3.87		180			49			229
Gross investment income	4.28		4,825			3.06		2,334			3.79		7,159			1,285			8,444
Investment expenses	(0.14	)	(185		)	(0.12	)	(113		)	(0.14	)	(298		)	(101		)	(399		)
Investment income after investment expenses	4.14	%	4,640			2.94	%	2,221			3.65	%	6,861			1,184			8,045
Investment results of other entities and operations(3)			49					0					49			0			49
Total investment income			$	4,689				$	2,221				$	6,910		$	1,184		$	8,094

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	PFI Excluding Closed Block Division and Japanese Operations					Japanese Insurance Operations					PFI Excluding Closed Block Division					Closed Block Division			Total(4)
	Yield(1)		Amount			Yield(1)		Amount			Yield(1)		Amount			Amount			Amount
	($ in millions)
Fixed maturities(2)	4.55	%	$	3,182		3.05	%	$	1,786		3.87	%	$	4,968		$	869		$	5,837
Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities	3.61		351			1.88		21			3.43		372			0			372
Equity securities	5.34		131			2.45		36			4.24		167			28			195
Commercial mortgage and other loans	4.04		630			4.11		250			4.06		880			231			1,111
Policy loans	5.36		125			3.94		48			4.88		173			135			308
Short-term investments and cash equivalents	1.19		67			1.34		7			1.20		74			13			87
Other invested assets(2)	8.92		285			8.60		73			8.85		358			126			484
Gross investment income	4.42		4,771			3.19		2,221			3.94		6,992			1,402			8,394
Investment expenses	(0.14	)	(143		)	(0.12	)	(87		)	(0.13	)	(230		)	(85		)	(315		)
Investment income after investment expenses	4.28	%	4,628			3.07	%	$	2,134		3.81	%	6,762			1,317			8,079
Investment results of other entities and operations(3)			71					0					71			0			71
Total investment income			$	4,699				$	2,134				$	6,833		$	1,317		$	8,150

__________ 

(1) Yields are annualized, for interim periods, and are based on quarterly average carrying values except for fixed maturities and securities lending activity. Yields for fixed maturities are based on quarterly average amortized cost. Yields for fixed maturities, short-term investments and cash equivalents are calculated net of liabilities and rebate expenses corresponding to securities lending activity. Yields exclude investment income on assets other than those included in invested assets. Prior period yields have been revised to conform to current period presentation.

(2) Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading, which are included in Other invested assets.

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(3) Includes net investment income of our investment management operations and derivative operations.

(4) The total yield was 3.74% and 3.95% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Prior period yield has been revised to conform to current period presentation.

The decrease in net investment income yield attributable to our general account investments, excluding both the Closed Block division and the Japanese insurance operations’ portfolio, for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017, was primarily the result of lower yields from non-coupon investments.

The decrease in net investment income yield on the Japanese insurance operations’ portfolio, for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017, was primarily attributable to lower fixed income reinvestment rates; lower yields from non-coupon investments and lower fixed maturity prepayment fees and call premiums.

Both the U.S. dollar-denominated and Australian dollar-denominated fixed maturities that are not hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts provide a yield that is substantially higher than the yield on comparable yen-denominated fixed maturities. The average amortized cost of U.S. dollar-denominated fixed maturities that are not hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts was approximately $43.6 billion and $40.8 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The majority of U.S. dollar-denominated fixed maturities support liabilities that are denominated in U.S. dollars. The average amortized cost of Australian dollar-denominated fixed maturities that are not hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts was approximately $10.1 billion and $10.1 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Australian dollar-denominated fixed maturities support liabilities that are denominated in Australian dollars. For additional information regarding U.S. and Australian dollar investments held in our Japanese insurance operations, see “—Results of Operations by Segment—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates” above.

Retail-Related Investments

As of June 30, 2018, PFI excluding the Closed Block division had retail-related investments of approximately $14 billion consisting primarily of $6 billion of corporate fixed maturities of which 88% were considered investment grade; $7 billion of commercial mortgage loans with a weighted-average loan-to-value ratio of approximately 49% and weighted-average debt service coverage ratio of 2.39 times; and $1 billion of real estate held through direct ownership and real estate-related LPs/LLCs.

In addition, we held approximately $9 billion of commercial mortgage-backed securities, of which approximately 89% and 11% were rated AAA (super-senior) and AA, respectively, and comprised of diversified collateral pools. Approximately 30% of the collateral pools were comprised of retail-related investments, with no pools solely collateralized by retail-related investments. For additional information regarding commercial mortgage-backed securities, see “—Fixed Maturity Securities—Fixed Maturity Securities Credit Quality” below.

General Account Investments of PFI excluding Closed Block Division

In the following sections, we provide details about our investment portfolio, excluding investments held in the Closed Block division. We believe the details of the composition of our investment portfolio excluding the Closed Block division are most relevant to an understanding of our operations that are pertinent to investors in Prudential Financial, Inc. because substantially all Closed Block division assets support obligations and liabilities relating to the Closed Block policies only. See Note 7 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the Closed Block.

Fixed Maturity Securities

In the following sections, we provide details about our fixed maturity securities portfolio, which excludes fixed maturity securities classified as assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities and classified as trading.

Fixed Maturity Securities and Unrealized Gains and Losses by Industry Category

The following table sets forth the composition of the portion of our fixed maturity securities portfolio by industry category attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division and the associated gross unrealized gains and losses, as of the dates indicated:

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	June 30, 2018								December 31, 2017
Industry(1)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains(2)		Gross Unrealized Losses(2)		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains(2)		Gross Unrealized Losses(2)		Fair Value
	(in millions)
Corporate securities:
Finance	$	27,402	$	794	$	628	$	27,568	$	25,906	$	1,646	$	84	$	27,468
Consumer non-cyclical	24,171		1,385		575		24,981		24,812		2,359		140		27,031
Utility	21,924		1,269		545		22,648		22,265		2,196		118		24,343
Capital goods	10,972		651		251		11,372		11,232		1,076		52		12,256
Consumer cyclical	10,507		513		213		10,807		11,011		972		77		11,906
Foreign agencies	5,621		840		58		6,403		5,619		996		17		6,598
Energy	10,895		611		310		11,196		10,621		998		137		11,482
Communications	6,287		478		217		6,548		6,266		782		77		6,971
Basic industry	5,808		331		122		6,017		6,061		590		37		6,614
Transportation	8,287		498		161		8,624		8,179		777		28		8,928
Technology	3,949		204		68		4,085		4,373		318		33		4,658
Industrial other	4,004		208		89		4,123		3,866		348		23		4,191
Total corporate securities	139,827		7,782		3,237		144,372		140,211		13,058		823		152,446
Foreign government(3)	93,847		16,014		403		109,458		88,539		15,848		291		104,096
Residential mortgage-backed(4)	3,433		141		42		3,532		3,801		191		10		3,982
Asset-backed	9,512		144		20		9,636		8,389		214		7		8,596
Commercial mortgage-backed	8,831		52		184		8,699		8,850		188		64		8,974
U.S. Government	16,191		2,561		529		18,223		16,591		3,005		306		19,290
State & Municipal	9,130		698		39		9,789		8,945		1,016		6		9,955
Total(5)	$	280,771	$	27,392	$	4,454	$	303,709	$	275,326	$	33,520	$	1,507	$	307,339

__________ 

(1) Investment data has been classified based on standard industry categorizations for domestic public holdings and similar classifications by industry for all other holdings.

(2) Includes $368 million of gross unrealized gains and less than $1 million of gross unrealized losses, as of June 30, 2018, compared to $381 million of gross unrealized gains and less than $1 million of gross unrealized losses, as of December 31, 2017, on securities classified as held-to-maturity.

(3) As of both June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, based on amortized cost, 75% represent Japanese government bonds held by our Japanese insurance operations with no other individual country representing more than 10% and 11% of the balance, respectively.

(4) As of both June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, based on amortized cost, more than 99% were rated A or higher.

(5) Excluded from the table above are securities held outside the general account in other entities and operations. For additional information regarding investments held outside the general account, see “—Invested Assets of Other Entities and Operations” below.

The decrease in net unrealized gains from December 31, 2017 to June 30, 2018 was primarily due to an increase in U.S. interest rates and credit spread widening.

Fixed Maturity Securities Credit Quality

The Securities Valuation Office (“SVO”) of the NAIC evaluates the investments of insurers for statutory reporting purposes and assigns fixed maturity securities to one of six categories called “NAIC Designations.” In general, NAIC Designations of “1” highest quality, or “2” high quality, include fixed maturities considered investment grade, which include securities rated Baa3 or higher by Moody’s or BBB- or higher by Standard & Poor’s. NAIC Designations of “3” through “6” generally include fixed maturities referred to as below investment grade, which include securities rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s and BB+ or lower by Standard & Poor’s. The NAIC Designations for commercial mortgage-backed securities and non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, including our asset-backed securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, are based on security level expected losses as modeled by an independent third-party (engaged by the NAIC) and the statutory carrying value of the security, including any purchase discounts or impairment charges previously recognized.

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As a result of time lags between the funding of investments, the finalization of legal documents, and the completion of the SVO filing process, the fixed maturity portfolio includes certain securities that have not yet been designated by the SVO as of each balance sheet date. Pending receipt of SVO designations, the categorization of these securities by NAIC Designation is based on the expected ratings indicated by internal analysis.

Investments of our international insurance companies are not subject to NAIC guidelines. Investments of our Japanese insurance operations are regulated locally by the Financial Services Agency (“FSA”), an agency of the Japanese government. The FSA has its own investment quality criteria and risk control standards. Our Japanese insurance companies comply with the FSA’s credit quality review and risk monitoring guidelines. The credit quality ratings of the investments of our Japanese insurance companies are based on ratings assigned by nationally recognized credit rating agencies, including Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s, or rating equivalents based on ratings assigned by Japanese credit ratings agencies.

The following table sets forth our fixed maturity portfolio by NAIC Designation or equivalent ratings attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018								December 31, 2017
NAIC Designation(1)(2)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains(3)		Gross Unrealized Losses(3)(4)		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains(3)		Gross Unrealized Losses(3)(4)		Fair Value
	(in millions)
1	$	211,514	$	23,911	$	2,621	$	232,804	$	207,791	$	27,550	$	925	$	234,416
2	52,050		2,585		1,379		53,256		50,751		4,560		335		54,976
Subtotal High or Highest Quality Securities(5)	263,564		26,496		4,000		286,060		258,542		32,110		1,260		289,392
3	10,629		359		282		10,706		10,201		670		79		10,792
4	4,906		375		127		5,154		4,681		501		105		5,077
5	1,457		152		41		1,568		1,666		225		57		1,834
6	215		10		4		221		236		14		6		244
Subtotal Other Securities(6)(7)	17,207		896		454		17,649		16,784		1,410		247		17,947
Total Fixed Maturities	$	280,771	$	27,392	$	4,454	$	303,709	$	275,326	$	33,520	$	1,507	$	307,339

__________ 

(1) Reflects equivalent ratings for investments of the international insurance operations.

(2) Includes, as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, 1,018 securities with amortized cost of $4,209 million (fair value, $4,178 million) and 982 securities with amortized cost of $6,022 million (fair value, $6,217 million), respectively, that have been categorized based on expected NAIC Designations pending receipt of SVO ratings.

(3) Includes $368 million of gross unrealized gains and less than $1 million of gross unrealized losses, as of June 30, 2018, compared to $381 million of gross unrealized gains and less than $1 million of gross unrealized losses, as of December 31, 2017, on securities classified as held-to-maturity.

(4) As of June 30, 2018, includes gross unrealized losses of $295 million on public fixed maturities and $159 million on private fixed maturities considered to be other than high or highest quality and, as of December 31, 2017, includes gross unrealized losses of $156 million on public fixed maturities and $91 million on private fixed maturities considered to be other than high or highest quality.

(5) On an amortized cost basis, as of June 30, 2018, includes $226,345 million of public fixed maturities and $37,219 million of private fixed maturities and, as of December 31, 2017, includes $222,763 million of public fixed maturities and $35,779 million of private fixed maturities.

(6) On an amortized cost basis, as of June 30, 2018, includes $10,525 million of public fixed maturities and $6,682 million of private fixed maturities and, as of December 31, 2017, includes $9,975 million of public fixed maturities and $6,809 million of private fixed maturities.

(7) On an amortized cost basis, as of June 30, 2018, securities considered below investment grade based on lowest of external rating agency ratings total $18,013 million, or 6% of the total fixed maturities, and include securities considered high or highest quality by the NAIC based on the rules described above.

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The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of asset-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division by credit quality, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018								December 31, 2017
	Asset-Backed Securities(2)				Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities(3)				Asset-Backed Securities(2)				Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities(3)
Lowest Rating Agency Rating(1)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(in millions)
AAA	$	8,848	$	8,874	$	7,808	$	7,697	$	7,613	$	7,686	$	8,002	$	8,125
AA	418		445		1,011		989		419		442		816		818
A	31		36		2		3		40		46		23		22
BBB	27		27		9		9		42		43		9		9
BB and below	188		254		1		1		275		379		0		0
Total(4)	$	9,512	$	9,636	$	8,831	$	8,699	$	8,389	$	8,596	$	8,850	$	8,974

__________ 

(1) The table above provides ratings as assigned by nationally recognized rating agencies as of June 30, 2018, including Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s, Fitch and Morningstar.

(2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, based on amortized cost, 78% and 79%, respectively, were collateralized loan obligations rated A or higher.

(3) As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, based on amortized cost, 96% and 95%, respectively, were securities with vintages of 2013 or later.

(4) Excludes securities held outside the general account in other entities and operations.

Credit Derivative Exposure to Public Fixed Maturities

In addition to the public fixed maturities noted above, as part of investment portfolio repositioning, we may from time to time sell credit derivatives to manage credit exposure of our investment portfolio by synthetically creating investments similar to public fixed maturities.

In a credit derivative, we may sell credit protection on an identified name or a broad-based index, and in return receive a quarterly premium. The majority of the underlying reference names in single name and index credit derivatives where we have sold credit protection, as well as all the counterparties to these agreements, are investment grade credit quality, and our credit derivatives have a remaining term to maturity of twenty-nine years or less. The premium or credit spread generally corresponds to the difference between the yield on the reference name’s (or index’s underlying reference names) public fixed maturity cash instruments and swap rates at the time the agreement is executed. Credit derivative contracts are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value, including the premiums received, recorded in “Realized investment gains (losses), net.”

As of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, PFI excluding the Closed Block division had $1,245 million and $1,136 million of notional amounts of exposure where we have sold credit protection through credit derivatives, respectively, reported at fair value as an asset of $15 million and $20 million, respectively. “Realized investment gains (losses), net” from credit derivatives we sold were a gain of $3 million and less than $1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 and a gain of $5 million and $1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

In addition to selling credit protection, we have purchased credit protection using credit derivatives in order to hedge specific credit exposures in our investment portfolio. As of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, PFI excluding the Closed Block division had $72 million and $100 million of notional amounts, respectively, reported at fair value as a liability of $1 million for both periods. “Realized investment gains (losses), net” from credit derivatives we purchased were a loss of less than $1 million and $1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 and a loss of $1 million and $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

OTTI of Fixed Maturity Securities

We maintain separate monitoring processes for public and private fixed maturities and create watch lists to highlight securities that require special scrutiny and management. Our public fixed maturity investment managers review all public fixed maturity holdings on a quarterly basis and more frequently when necessary to identify potential credit deterioration whether due to ratings downgrades, unexpected price variances and/or company or industry-specific concerns.

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For private placements, our credit and portfolio management processes help ensure prudent controls over valuation and management. We have separate pricing and authorization processes to establish “checks and balances” for new investments. We apply consistent standards of credit analysis and due diligence for all transactions, whether they originate through our own in-house origination staff or through agents. Our regional offices closely monitor the portfolios in their regions. We set all valuation standards centrally, and we assess the fair value of all investments quarterly. Our private fixed maturity investment managers formally review all private fixed maturity holdings on a quarterly basis and more frequently when necessary to identify potential credit deterioration whether due to ratings downgrades, unexpected price variances and/or company or industry-specific concerns. For additional information regarding our OTTI policies for fixed maturity securities, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

OTTI of general account fixed maturity securities attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division that were recognized in earnings were $35 million and $34 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively and $66 million and $65 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. For a further discussion of OTTI, see “—Realized Investment Gains and Losses” above.

Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities (ASCL)

The following table sets forth the composition of the “ASCL” portfolio attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost or Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost or Cost		Fair Value
	(in millions)
Short-term investments and cash equivalents	$	340	$	340	$	245	$	245
Fixed maturities:
Corporate securities	13,263		13,140		13,816		14,073
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	2,390		2,350		2,294		2,311
Residential mortgage-backed securities	888		867		961		966
Asset-backed securities	1,470		1,493		1,363		1,392
Foreign government bonds	1,063		1,061		1,050		1,057
U.S. government authorities and agencies and obligations of U.S. states	579		619		357		410
Total fixed maturities(1)	19,653		19,530		19,841		20,209
Equity securities	1,367		1,627		1,278		1,643
Total assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities(2)	$	21,360	$	21,497	$	21,364	$	22,097

__________

(1) As a percentage of amortized cost, 92% of the portfolio was considered high or highest quality based on NAIC or equivalent ratings, as of both June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

(2) As a percentage of amortized cost, 78% and 80% of the portfolio consisted of public securities as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans

Investment Mix

The following table sets forth the composition of our commercial mortgage and other loans portfolio attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division, as of the dates indicated:

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	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans	$	48,617		$	45,623
Uncollateralized loans	663			661
Residential property loans	176			196
Other collateralized loans	4			5
Total recorded investment gross of allowance(1)	49,460			46,485
Valuation allowance	(106		)	(91		)
Total net commercial mortgage and other loans(2)	$	49,354		$	46,394

__________

(1) As a percentage of recorded investment gross of allowance, more than 99% of these assets were current as of both June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

(2) Excluded from the table above are commercial mortgage and other loans held outside the general account in other entities and operations. For additional information regarding commercial mortgage and other loans held outside the general account, see “—Invested Assets of Other Entities and Operations” below.

We originate commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans using a dedicated investment staff through our various regional offices in the U.S. and international offices primarily in London and Tokyo. All loans are underwritten consistently to our standards using a proprietary quality rating system that has been developed from our experience in real estate and mortgage lending.

Uncollateralized loans primarily represent corporate loans which do not meet the definition of a security under authoritative accounting guidance.

Residential property loans primarily include Japanese recourse loans. Upon default of these recourse loans, we can make a claim against the personal assets of the property owner, in addition to the mortgaged property. These loans are also backed by third-party guarantors.

Other collateralized loans include consumer loans.

Composition of Commercial Mortgage and Agricultural Property Loans

Our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loan portfolio strategy emphasizes diversification by property type and geographic location. The following tables set forth the breakdown of the gross carrying values of commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division by geographic region and property type, as of the dates indicated:

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	June 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
	Gross Carrying Value		% of Total		Gross Carrying Value		% of Total
	($ in millions)
Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by region:
U.S. Regions(1):
Pacific	$	16,312	33.6	%	$	14,965	32.8	%
South Atlantic	8,764		18.0		8,666		19.0
Middle Atlantic	6,020		12.4		5,776		12.7
East North Central	2,546		5.2		2,440		5.3
West South Central	5,220		10.7		4,671		10.2
Mountain	2,235		4.6		2,027		4.5
New England	1,903		3.9		1,774		3.9
West North Central	601		1.3		641		1.4
East South Central	645		1.3		612		1.3
Subtotal-U.S.	44,246		91.0		41,572		91.1
Europe	2,678		5.5		2,528		5.5
Asia	654		1.3		619		1.4
Other	1,039		2.2		904		2.0
Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans	$	48,617	100.0	%	$	45,623	100.0	%

__________

(1) Regions as defined by the United States Census Bureau.

	June 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
	Gross Carrying Value		% of Total		Gross Carrying Value		% of Total
	($ in millions)
Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type:
Industrial	$	9,531	19.6	%	$	8,444	18.5	%
Retail	6,722		13.8		6,595		14.5
Office	10,986		22.6		10,020		22.0
Apartments/Multi-Family	13,987		28.8		12,993		28.5
Other	3,255		6.7		3,336		7.3
Agricultural properties	2,521		5.2		2,526		5.5
Hospitality	1,615		3.3		1,709		3.7
Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans	$	48,617	100.0	%	$	45,623	100.0	%

Loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios are measures commonly used to assess the quality of commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans. The loan-to-value ratio compares the amount of the loan to the fair value of the underlying property collateralizing the loan and is commonly expressed as a percentage. A loan-to-value ratio less than 100% indicates an excess of collateral value over the loan amount. Loan-to-value ratios greater than 100% indicate that the loan amount exceeds the collateral value. The debt service coverage ratio compares a property’s net operating income to its debt service payments. Debt service coverage ratios less than 1.0 times indicate that property operations do not generate enough income to cover the loan’s current debt payments. A debt service coverage ratio greater than 1.0 times indicates an excess of net operating income over the debt service payments.

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As of June 30, 2018, our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division had a weighted-average debt service coverage ratio of 2.41 times and a weighted-average loan-to-value ratio of 55%. As of June 30, 2018, 97% of commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans were fixed rate loans. For those commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans that were originated in 2018, the weighted-average debt service coverage ratio was 2.31 times, and the weighted-average loan-to-value ratio was 64%.

The values utilized in calculating these loan-to-value ratios are developed as part of our periodic review of the commercial mortgage and agricultural property loan portfolio, which includes an internal evaluation of the underlying collateral value. Our periodic review also includes a quality re-rating process, whereby we update the internal quality rating originally assigned at underwriting based on the proprietary quality rating system mentioned above. As discussed below, the internal quality rating is a key input in determining our allowance for losses.

For loans with collateral under construction, renovation or lease-up, a stabilized value and projected net operating income are used in the calculation of the loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios. Our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loan portfolio included $1.4 billion and approximately $1.5 billion of such loans as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. All else being equal, these loans are inherently riskier than those collateralized by properties that have already stabilized. As of June 30, 2018, there were no loan-specific reserves related to these loans. In addition, these unstabilized loans are included in the calculation of our portfolio reserve as discussed below.

The following table sets forth the gross carrying value of our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division by loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios, as of the date indicated:

	June 30, 2018
	Debt Service Coverage Ratio
	> 1.2x		1.0x to < 1.2x		< 1.0x		Total Commercial Mortgage and Agricultural Property Loans
Loan-to-Value Ratio	(in millions)
0%-59.99%	$	26,079	$	612	$	230	$	26,921
60%-69.99%	14,499		501		146		15,146
70%-79.99%	5,733		646		0		6,379
80% or greater	55		116		0		171
Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans	$	46,366	$	1,875	$	376	$	48,617

The following table sets forth the breakdown of our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division by year of origination, as of the date indicated:

	June 30, 2018
Year of Origination	Gross Carrying Value		% of Total
	($ in millions)
2018	$	4,922	10.1	%
2017	7,919		16.3
2016	7,276		15.0
2015	7,096		14.6
2014	6,676		13.7
2013	6,359		13.1
2012	3,343		6.9
2011 & Prior	5,026		10.3
Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans	$	48,617	100.0	%

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Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans Quality

The commercial mortgage and other loans portfolio is reviewed on an ongoing basis. If certain criteria are met, loans are assigned to either of the following “watch list” categories:

(1) “Closely Monitored,” which includes a variety of considerations, such as when loan metrics fall below acceptable levels, the borrower is not cooperative or has requested a material modification, or the portfolio manager has directed a change in category; or

(2) “Not in Good Standing,” which includes loans in default or with a high probability of loss of principal, such as when the loan is in the process of foreclosure or the borrower is in bankruptcy.

Our workout and special servicing professionals manage the loans on the watch list.

We establish an allowance for losses to provide for the risk of credit losses inherent in the lending process. The allowance includes loan-specific reserves for loans that are determined to be impaired as a result of our loan review process and a portfolio reserve for probable incurred but not specifically identified losses for loans which are not on the watch list. We define an impaired loan as a loan for which we estimate it is probable that amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement will not be collected. The loan-specific portion of the valuation allowance is based on our assessment as to ultimate collectability of loan principal and interest. Valuation allowances for an impaired loan are recorded based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or based on the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. The portfolio reserve for incurred but not specifically identified losses considers the current credit composition of the portfolio based on the internal quality ratings mentioned above. The portfolio reserves are determined using past loan experience, including historical credit migration, loss probability and loss severity factors by property type. These factors are reviewed and updated as appropriate. The valuation allowance for commercial mortgage and other loans can increase or decrease from period to period based on these factors.

The following table sets forth the change in valuation allowances for our commercial mortgage and other loans portfolio, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Allowance, beginning of year	$	91	$	90
Addition to (release of) allowance for losses	15		1
Charge-offs, net of recoveries	0		0
Change in foreign exchange	0		0
Allowance, end of period	$	106	$	91
Loan-specific reserve	$	15	$	5
Portfolio reserve	$	91	$	86

The allowance for losses as of June 30, 2018 increased compared to December 31, 2017 primarily due to additions to the loan specific reserve from credit quality deterioration of certain loans in the portfolio.

Equity Securities

Investment Mix

The equity securities attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division consist principally of investments in common and preferred stock of publicly-traded companies, as well as mutual fund shares. The following table sets forth the composition of our equity securities portfolio and the associated gross unrealized gains and losses, as of the dates indicated:

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	June 30, 2018								December 31, 2017
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
	(in millions)
Mutual funds	$	1,069	$	256	$	2	$	1,323	$	778	$	157	$	0	$	935
Other common stocks	2,240		916		60		3,096		2,215		1,145		30		3,330
Non-redeemable preferred stocks	9		1		1		9		11		1		1		11
Equity securities, at fair value(1)(2)	$	3,318	$	1,173	$	63	$	4,428	$	3,004	$	1,303	$	31	$	4,276

__________  

(1) Amounts presented exclude investments in private equity and hedge funds and other investments which are reported in “Other invested assets.”

(2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. For additional information, see Note 2 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from equity securities attributable to PFI excluding Closed Block division still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $(34) million and $(111) million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

Other Invested Assets

The following table sets forth the composition of “Other invested assets” attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division, as of the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
LPs/LLCs:
Equity method:
Private equity	$	2,080	$	2,067
Hedge funds	577		400
Real estate-related	482		268
Subtotal equity method	3,139		2,735
Fair value:
Private equity	863		731
Hedge funds	1,374		1,361
Real estate-related	61		63
Subtotal fair value(1)	2,298		2,155
Total LPs/LLCs	5,437		4,890
Real estate held through direct ownership(2)	1,735		1,875
Derivative instruments	89		113
Other(3)	622		632
Total other invested assets(4)	$	7,883	$	7,510

__________ 

(1) As of December 31, 2017, $794 million was accounted for using the cost method.

(2) As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, real estate held through direct ownership had mortgage debt of $751 million and $799 million, respectively.

(3) Primarily includes leveraged leases and member and activity stock held in the Federal Home Loan Banks of New York and Boston. For additional information regarding our holdings in the Federal Home Loan Banks of New York and Boston, see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

(4) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. For additional information, see Note 2 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

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OTTI of Other Invested Assets

For LPs/LLCs accounted for using the equity method, the carrying value of these investments is written down or impaired to fair value when a decline in value is considered to be other-than-temporary. For additional information regarding our OTTI policies for LPs/LLCs as well as wholly-owned investment real estate and other investments, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

OTTI on other invested assets attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division that were recognized in earnings were $3 million and $4 million for three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $6 million and $8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. For a further discussion of OTTI, see “—Realized Investment Gains and Losses” above.

Invested Assets of Other Entities and Operations

“Invested Assets of Other Entities and Operations” presented below includes investments held outside the general account and primarily represents investments associated with our investment management operations and derivative operations. Our derivative operations act on behalf of affiliates primarily to manage interest rate, foreign currency, credit and equity exposures. Assets within our investment management operations that are managed for third-parties and those assets classified as “Separate account assets” on our balance sheet are not included.

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Fixed maturities:
Public, available-for-sale, at fair value	$	450	$	608
Private, available-for-sale, at fair value	1		1
Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value	1,142		1,718
Equity securities, at fair value	614		574
Commercial mortgage and other loans, at book value(1)	370		634
Other invested assets	2,241		2,704
Short-term investments	27		66
Total investments(2)	$	4,845	$	6,305

__________ 

(1) Book value is generally based on unpaid principal balance, net of any allowance for losses, or at fair value, when the fair value option has been elected.

(2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. For additional information, see Note 2 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

Fixed Maturities, Trading

“Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value” are primarily related to assets associated with consolidated variable interest entities for which the Company is the investment manager. The assets of the consolidated variable interest entities are generally offset by liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected. For further information on these consolidated variable interest entities, see Note 4 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans

Our investment management operations include our commercial mortgage operations, which provide mortgage origination, investment management and servicing for our general account, institutional clients, the Federal Housing Administration and government-sponsored entities such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

The mortgage loans of our commercial mortgage operations are included in “Commercial mortgage and other loans.” Derivatives and other hedging instruments related to our commercial mortgage operations are primarily included in “Other invested assets.”

Other Invested Assets

Other invested assets primarily include assets of our derivative operations used to manage interest rate, foreign currency, credit and equity exposures.

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Furthermore, other invested assets include strategic investments made as part of our investment management operations. We make these strategic investments in real estate, as well as fixed income, public equity and real estate securities, including controlling interests. Certain of these investments are made primarily for purposes of co-investment in our managed funds and structured products. Other strategic investments are made with the intention to sell or syndicate to investors, including our general account, or for placement in funds and structured products that we offer and manage (seed investments). As part of our investment management operations, we also make loans to our managed funds that are secured by equity commitments from investors or assets of the funds. Other invested assets also include certain assets in consolidated investment funds where the Company is deemed to exercise control over the funds.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Liquidity refers to the ability to generate sufficient cash resources to meet the payment obligations of the Company. Capital refers to the long-term financial resources available to support the operations of our businesses, fund business growth, and provide a cushion to withstand adverse circumstances. Our ability to generate and maintain sufficient liquidity and capital depends on the profitability of our businesses, general economic conditions and our access to the capital markets and the alternate sources of liquidity and capital described herein.

Effective and prudent liquidity and capital management is a priority across the organization. Management monitors the liquidity of Prudential Financial and its subsidiaries on a daily basis and projects borrowing and capital needs over a multi-year time horizon through our periodic planning process. We believe that cash flows from the sources of funds available to us are sufficient to satisfy the current liquidity requirements of Prudential Financial and its subsidiaries, including under reasonably foreseeable stress scenarios. We have a capital management framework in place that governs the allocation of capital and approval of capital uses. We also employ a Capital Protection Framework to ensure the availability of capital resources to maintain adequate capitalization on a consolidated basis and competitive RBC ratios and solvency margins for our insurance subsidiaries under various stress scenarios.

Prudential Financial is a Designated Financial Company under Dodd-Frank. As a Designated Financial Company, Prudential Financial is subject to supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and to stricter prudential regulatory standards, which include or will include requirements and limitations (many of which are the subject of ongoing rule-making) relating to capital, leverage, liquidity, stress-testing, overall risk management, resolution and recovery plans, credit exposure reporting, early remediation, management interlocks and credit concentration. They may also include standards regarding enhanced public disclosure, short-term debt limits and other related subjects. In addition, the Financial Stability Board has identified the Company as a global systemically important insurer (“G-SII”). For information on these regulatory initiatives and their potential impact on us, see “Business—Regulation” and “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

During the six months endedJune 30, 2018, we took the following significant actions that impacted our liquidity and capital position:

• We repurchased $750 million of shares of our Common Stock and declared aggregate Common Stock dividends of $769 million;

• We issued $1.0 billion of medium-term notes to be utilized for general corporate purposes, which may include refinancing portions of our medium-term notes maturing through 2018;

• We redeemed our $600 million 8.875% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Note due 2068;

• We obtained additional financing for Regulation XXX reserves by entering into a new captive financing facility for $1.6 billion, of which $100 million was outstanding as of June 30, 2018;

• We obtained additional financing for Guideline AXXX reserves by increasing an existing captive financing facility by $1 billion, for a total of $2 billion, of which $1,466 million was outstanding as of June 30, 2018; and

• We entered into a yearly renewable term reinsurance agreement which resulted in a reduction in risk-based capital required to be held in our Group Insurance segment.

Capital

The primary components of the Company’s capitalization consist of equity and outstanding capital debt, including junior subordinated debt. As shown in the table below, as of June 30, 2018, the Company had $48.4 billion in capital, all of which was available to support the aggregate capital requirements of its divisions and its Corporate and Other operations. Based on our assessment of these businesses and operations, we believe this level of capital is consistent with our ratings targets.

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	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Equity(1)(2)	$	36,577	$	37,162
Junior subordinated debt (including hybrid securities)	6,026		6,622
Other capital debt	5,799		5,402
Total capital	$	48,402	$	49,186

__________

(1) Amounts attributable to Prudential Financial, excluding AOCI.

(2) Prior period amount has been restated to conform to current period presentation. See Note 2 to our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for details.

We manage Prudential Insurance, The Prudential Life Insurance Company, Ltd. (“Prudential of Japan”), Gibraltar Life, and other significant insurance subsidiaries to regulatory capital levels consistent with our “AA” ratings targets. We utilize the RBC ratio as a primary measure of the capital adequacy of our domestic insurance subsidiaries and the solvency margin ratio as a primary measure of the capital adequacy of our Japanese insurance subsidiaries.

The table below presents the RBC ratios of our most significant domestic insurance subsidiaries as of December 31, 2017, the most recent statutory fiscal year-end and RBC reporting date for these subsidiaries.

	Ratio(1)
Prudential Insurance(2)	410	%
PALAC	1,034	%
Composite Major U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries(3)	529	%

__________ 

(1) The RBC ratio calculations are intended to assist insurance regulators in measuring an insurer’s solvency and ability to pay future claims. The reporting of RBC measures is not intended for the purpose of ranking any insurance company or for use in connection with any marketing, advertising or promotional activities, but is available to the public.

(2) Includes Prudential Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company (“PRIAC”), Pruco Life Insurance Company (“Pruco Life”), Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (“PLNJ”),which is a subsidiary of Pruco Life, and Prudential Legacy Insurance Company of New Jersey (“PLIC”).

(3) Includes Prudential Insurance and its subsidiaries, as noted above, and Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation (“PALAC”). Composite RBC is not reported to regulators and is based on the summation of total adjusted capital and risk charges for the included companies as determined under statutory accounting and RBC guidance to calculate a composite numerator and denominator, respectively, for purposes of calculating the composite ratio.

In June 2018, the Capital Adequacy Task Force of the NAIC approved revisions to the NAIC RBC framework as a result of the adoption of the Tax Act of 2017 and the corresponding reduction of the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. The revisions are subject to approval by the NAIC’s Financial Condition Committee and, if approved, will apply to the calculation of our domestic insurance life insurance companies’ RBC ratios as of December 31, 2018. While there is no impact on our ability to pay claims, the revisions to the RBC framework for the reduction of the corporate tax rate under the Tax Act of 2017 have the effect of increasing certain RBC factors, resulting in an overall decrease in insurers’ RBC ratios. Also, our statutory capital position will be adversely impacted by the increase in reserves for our Long-Term Care business resulting from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as discussed above.  The Company expects to have the necessary resources to maintain its “AA” ratings targets considering these impacts.

The table below presents the solvency margin ratios of our most significant international insurance subsidiaries as of March 31, 2018, the most recent date for which this information is available.

	Ratio
Prudential of Japan consolidated(1)	822	%
Gibraltar Life consolidated(2)	919	%

__________ 

(1) Includes Prudential Trust Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Prudential of Japan.

(2) Includes Prudential Gibraltar Financial Life Insurance Co., Ltd. (“PGFL”), a subsidiary of Gibraltar Life.

All of our domestic and significant international insurance subsidiaries have capital levels that substantially exceed the minimum level required by applicable insurance regulations. For further information on the calculation of RBC and solvency margin ratios, as well as regulatory minimums, see Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

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Capital Protection Framework

We employ a Capital Protection Framework (the “Framework”) to ensure that sufficient capital resources are available to maintain adequate capitalization on a consolidated basis for our insurance subsidiaries under various stress scenarios. The Framework incorporates the potential impacts from market related stresses, including equity markets, real estate, interest rates, credit losses and foreign currency exchange rates. In evaluating these potential impacts, we assess risk holistically at the enterprise level, recognizing that our business mix may produce results that partially offset on a net basis.

The Framework accommodates periodic volatility within ranges that we deem acceptable, while also providing for potential sources of capital, including on-balance sheet capital capacity and contingent sources of capital. We believe we currently have access to sufficient resources to maintain adequate capitalization under a range of potential stress scenarios.

Captive Reinsurance Companies

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital—Captive Reinsurance Companies” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, for a discussion of our use of captive reinsurance companies.

Shareholder Distributions

Share Repurchase Program and Shareholder Dividends

In December 2017, our Board of Directors (“the Board”) authorized the Company to repurchase at management’s discretion up to $1.5 billion of its outstanding Common Stock during the period from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2018.

The timing and amount of share repurchases are determined by management based on market conditions and other considerations, including any increased capital needs of our businesses due to, among other things, changes in regulatory capital requirements and opportunities for growth and acquisitions. Repurchases may be effected in the open market, through derivative, accelerated repurchase and other negotiated transactions and through plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). The following table sets forth information about declarations of Common Stock dividends, as well as repurchases of shares of Prudential Financial’s Common Stock, for the six months endedJune 30, 2018.

	Dividend Amount				Shares Repurchased
Three months ended:	Per Share		Aggregate		Shares	Total Cost
	(in millions, except per share data)
March 31, 2018	$	0.90	$	387	3.3	$	375
June 30, 2018	$	0.90	$	382	3.7	$	375

Liquidity

The principles of our liquidity management framework are described in an enterprise-wide Liquidity Management Policy that is reviewed and approved by the Board. Liquidity management and stress testing are performed on a legal entity basis as the ability to transfer funds between subsidiaries is limited due in part to regulatory restrictions. Liquidity needs are determined through daily and quarterly cash flow forecasting at the holding company and within our operating subsidiaries. A minimum balance of highly liquid assets of at least $1.3 billion is targeted to ensure that adequate liquidity is available at Prudential Financial to cover fixed expenses in the event that we experience reduced cash flows from our operating subsidiaries at a time when access to capital markets is also not available. This targeted minimum balance is reviewed and approved annually by the Board.

We seek to mitigate the risk of having limited or no access to financing due to stressed market conditions by generally pre-funding capital debt in advance of maturity. We mitigate the refinancing risk associated with our debt that is used to fund operating needs by matching the term of debt with the assets financed. To ensure adequate liquidity in stress scenarios, stress testing is performed for our major operating subsidiaries. We seek to further mitigate liquidity risk by maintaining our access to alternative sources of liquidity, as discussed below.

151

Liquidity of Prudential Financial

The principal sources of funds available to Prudential Financial, the parent holding company, are dividends, returns of capital and loans from subsidiaries, and proceeds from debt issuances and certain stock-based compensation activity. These sources of funds may be supplemented by Prudential Financial’s access to the capital markets as well as the “—Alternative Sources of Liquidity” described below.

The primary uses of funds at Prudential Financial include servicing debt, making capital contributions and loans to subsidiaries, paying declared shareholder dividends and repurchasing outstanding shares of Common Stock executed under authority from the Board.

As of June 30, 2018, Prudential Financial had highly liquid assets with a carrying value totaling $5,581 million, an increase of $391 million from December 31, 2017. Highly liquid assets predominantly include cash, short-term investments, U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of other U.S. government authorities and agencies, and/or foreign government bonds. We maintain an intercompany liquidity account that is designed to optimize the use of cash by facilitating the lending and borrowing of funds between Prudential Financial and its subsidiaries on a daily basis. Excluding the balance of this intercompany liquidity account, Prudential Financial had highly liquid assets of $4,697 million as of June 30, 2018, an increase of $321 million from December 31, 2017.

The following table sets forth Prudential Financial’s principal sources and uses of highly liquid assets, excluding net borrowings from our intercompany liquidity account, for the period indicated.

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	(in millions)
Sources:
Dividends and/or returns of capital from subsidiaries(1)	$	2,114
Proceeds from the issuance of senior debt	994
Proceeds from stock-based compensation and exercise of stock options	187
Net income tax receipts	65
Total sources	3,360
Uses:
Common stock dividends(2)	769
Share repurchases	739
Repayments on long-term external debt	705
Interest paid on external debt	441
Capital contributions to subsidiaries(3)	284
Other, net	101
Total uses	3,039
Net increase (decrease) in highly liquid assets	$	321

__________ 

(1) Includes dividends and/or returns of capital of $1,173 million from international insurance subsidiaries, $550 million from PALAC, $307 million from PGIM subsidiaries, $79 million from Prudential Annuities Holding Company, and $5 million from other subsidiaries.

(2) Includes cash payments made on dividends declared in prior periods.

(3) Reflects capital contributions of $194 million to international insurance subsidiaries and $90 million to PICA.

Restrictions on Dividends and Returns of Capital from Subsidiaries

Our insurance companies are subject to limitations on the payment of dividends and other transfers of funds to Prudential Financial and other affiliates under applicable insurance law and regulation. Also, more generally, the payment of dividends by any of our subsidiaries is subject to declaration by their Board of Directors and can be affected by market conditions and other factors. See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, for details on specific dividend restrictions.

152

Domestic insurance subsidiaries. Prudential Insurance is permitted to pay ordinary dividends based on calculations specified under New Jersey insurance law, subject to prior notification to the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance (“NJDOBI”). Any distributions above this amount in any twelve-month period are considered to be “extraordinary” dividends, and the approval of NJDOBI is required prior to payment. The laws regulating dividends of the states where our other domestic insurance companies are domiciled are similar, but not identical, to New Jersey’s. During the first six months of 2018, Prudential Financial received extraordinary dividends of $550 million from PALAC.

International insurance subsidiaries. Capital redeployment from our international insurance subsidiaries is subject to local regulatory requirements in the international jurisdictions in which they operate. Our most significant international insurance subsidiaries, Prudential of Japan and Gibraltar Life, are permitted to pay common stock dividends based on calculations specified by Japanese insurance law, subject to prior notification to the FSA. Dividends in excess of these amounts and other forms of capital distribution require the prior approval of the FSA. In addition to paying common stock dividends, international insurance operations may return capital to Prudential Financial through other means, such as the repayment of subordinated debt or preferred stock obligations held by Prudential Financial or other affiliates.

During the first six months of 2018, Prudential Financial received $942 million from Prudential International Insurance Holdings, the domestic parent of our international insurance subsidiaries, all of which was received from Prudential Holdings of Japan, Inc. (“PHJ”), the parent of the Company’s Japanese operations. Of this amount, $260 million was sent to PHJ from its subsidiaries in 2016 and had been retained at PHJ since that time. PHJ received the remaining $682 million as a common stock dividend from its subsidiaries in 2018.

Other subsidiaries. The ability of our PGIM subsidiaries and the majority of our other operating subsidiaries to pay dividends is largely unrestricted from a regulatory standpoint.

Liquidity of Insurance Subsidiaries

We manage the liquidity of our insurance operations to ensure stable, reliable and cost-effective sources of cash flows to meet all of our obligations. Liquidity within each of our insurance subsidiaries is provided by a variety of sources, including portfolios of liquid assets. The investment portfolios of our subsidiaries are integral to the overall liquidity of our insurance operations. We segment our investment portfolios and employ an asset/liability management approach specific to the requirements of each of our product lines. This enhances the discipline applied in managing the liquidity, as well as the interest rate and credit risk profiles, of each portfolio in a manner consistent with the unique characteristics of the product liabilities.

Liquidity is measured against internally-developed benchmarks that take into account the characteristics of both the asset portfolio and the liabilities that they support. We consider attributes of the various categories of liquid assets (for example, type of asset and credit quality) in calculating internal liquidity measures to evaluate our insurance operations’ liquidity under various stress scenarios, including company-specific and market-wide events. We continue to believe that cash generated by ongoing operations and the liquidity profile of our assets provide sufficient liquidity under reasonably foreseeable stress scenarios for each of our insurance subsidiaries.

The principal sources of liquidity for our insurance subsidiaries are premiums, investment and fee income, and investment maturities and sales associated with our insurance and annuity operations, as well as internal and external borrowings. The principal uses of that liquidity include benefits, claims and dividends paid to policyholders, and payments to policyholders and contractholders in connection with surrenders, withdrawals and net policy loan activity. Other uses of liquidity may include commissions, general and administrative expenses, purchases of investments, the payment of dividends to the parent holding company, hedging and reinsurance activity and payments in connection with financing activities.

The following table sets forth the fair value of certain of our domestic insurance operations’ portfolio of liquid assets, as of the dates indicated.

153

	June 30, 2018
	Prudential Insurance		PLIC		PRIAC		PALAC		Pruco Life		Total		December 31, 2017
	(in billions)
Cash and short-term investments	$	6.3	$	1.2	$	0.4	$	1.9	$	0.1	$	9.9	$	11.7
Fixed maturity investments(1):
High or highest quality	102.1		34.9		18.9		9.2		4.8		169.9		175.1
Other than high or highest quality	7.2		2.8		1.6		0.5		0.4		12.5		13.8
Subtotal	109.3		37.7		20.5		9.7		5.2		182.4		188.9
Public equity securities, at fair value	0.2		2.1		0.0		0.0		0.0		2.3		2.8
Total	$	115.8	$	41.0	$	20.9	$	11.6	$	5.3	$	194.6	$	203.4

__________ 

(1) Excludes fixed maturities designated as held-to-maturity. Classified by NAIC or equivalent rating.

The following table sets forth the fair value of our international insurance operations’ portfolio of liquid assets, as of the dates indicated.

	June 30, 2018
	Prudential of Japan		Gibraltar Life(1)		All Other(2)		Total		December 31, 2017
	(in billions)
Cash and short-term investments	$	1.1	$	2.8	$	1.2	$	5.1	$	4.2
Fixed maturity investments(3):
High or highest quality(4)	38.4		89.5		18.6		146.5		145.2
Other than high or highest quality	1.0		3.6		1.6		6.2		6.0
Subtotal	39.4		93.1		20.2		152.7		151.2
Public equity securities	1.8		1.8		0.9		4.5		4.5
Total	$	42.3	$	97.7	$	22.3	$	162.3	$	159.9

__________ 

(1) Includes PGFL.

(2) Represents our international insurance operations, excluding Japan.

(3) Excludes fixed maturities designated as held-to-maturity. Classified by NAIC or equivalent rating.

(4) As of June 30, 2018, $109.5 billion, or 75%, were invested in government or government agency bonds.

Liquidity associated with other activities

Hedging activities associated with Individual Annuities

For the portion of our Individual Annuities’ ALM strategy executed through hedging, as well as the capital hedge program, we enter into a range of exchange-traded, cleared and other OTC equity and interest rate derivatives in order to hedge certain capital market risks related to more severe market conditions. For a full discussion of our Individual Annuities’ risk management strategy, see “—Results of Operations by Segment—U.S. Individual Solutions Division—Individual Annuities.” This portion of our Individual Annuities’ ALM strategy and capital hedge program requires access to liquidity to meet payment obligations relating to these derivatives, such as payments for periodic settlements, purchases, maturities and terminations. These liquidity needs can vary materially due to, among other items, changes in interest rates, equity markets, mortality and policyholder behavior.

The hedging portion of our Individual Annuities’ ALM strategy and capital hedge program may also result in derivative related collateral postings to (when we are in a net pay position) or from (when we are in a net receive position) counterparties. The net collateral position depends on changes in interest rates and equity markets related to the amount of the exposures hedged. Depending on market conditions, the collateral posting requirements can result in material liquidity needs when we are in a net pay position. As of June 30, 2018, the derivatives comprising the hedging portion of our ALM strategy and capital hedge program were in a net receive position of $1.7 billion compared to a net receive position of $3.3 billion as of December 31, 2017. The change in collateral position was primarily driven by an increase in interest rates.

154

Foreign exchange hedging activities

We employ various hedging strategies to manage potential exposure to foreign currency exchange rate movements, particularly those associated with the yen. Our overall yen hedging strategy calibrates the hedge level to preserve the relative contribution of our yen-based business to the Company’s overall return on equity on a leverage neutral basis. The hedging strategy includes two primary components:

Income Hedges—We hedge a portion of our prospective yen-based earnings streams by entering into external forward currency derivative contracts that effectively fix the currency exchange rates for that portion of earnings, thereby reducing volatility from foreign currency exchange rate movements. As of June 30, 2018, we have hedged 100%, 93%, 53% and 10% of expected yen-based earnings for 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Equity Hedges—We hold both internal and external hedges primarily to hedge our U.S. dollar-equivalent equity. These hedges also mitigate volatility in the solvency margins of yen-based subsidiaries resulting from changes in the market value of their U.S. dollar-denominated investments hedging our U.S. dollar-equivalent equity attributable to changes in the yen-U.S. dollar exchange rate.

For additional information on our hedging strategy, see “—Results of Operations—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates.”

Cash settlements from these hedging activities result in cash flows between subsidiaries of Prudential Financial and either international-based subsidiaries or external parties. The cash flows are dependent on changes in foreign currency exchange rates and the notional amount of the exposures hedged. For example, a significant yen depreciation over an extended period of time could result in net cash inflows, while a significant yen appreciation could result in net cash outflows. The following tables set forth information about net cash settlements and the net asset or liability resulting from these hedging activities related to the yen and other currencies.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
Cash Settlements:	2018			2017
	(in millions)
Income Hedges (External)(1)	$	(30	)	$	1
Equity Hedges:
Internal(2)	14			(32		)
External	154			(115		)
Total Equity Hedges	168			(147		)
Total Cash Settlements	$	138		$	(146	)
	As of
	June 30,			December 31,
Assets (Liabilities):	2018			2017
	(in millions)
Income Hedges (External)(3)	$	50		$	(42	)
Equity Hedges:
Internal(2)	404			623
External	147			303
Total Equity Hedges(4)	551			926
Total Assets (Liabilities)	$	601		$	884

__________

(1) Includes non-yen related cash settlements of $(17) million, primarily denominated in Korean won, Chilean peso and Australian dollar and $(1) million, primarily denominated in Korean won and Brazilian real, for the six months endedJune 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

(2) Represents internal transactions between international-based and U.S.-based entities. Amounts noted are from the U.S.-based entities’ perspectives.

(3) Includes non-yen related assets of $28 million, primarily denominated in Brazilian real and Australian dollar, and liabilities of $(65) million, primarily denominated in Korean won and Australian dollar, as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

(4) As of June 30, 2018, approximately $172 million, $484 million and $(106) million of the net market value is scheduled to settle in 2018, 2019 and thereafter, respectively. The net market value of the assets (liabilities) will vary with changing market conditions to the extent there are no corresponding offsetting positions.

155

PGIM operations

The principal sources of liquidity for our fee-based PGIM businesses include asset management fees and commercial mortgage origination and servicing fees. The principal uses of liquidity include general and administrative expenses and distributions of dividends and returns of capital to Prudential Financial. The primary liquidity risks for our fee-based PGIM businesses relate to their profitability, which is impacted by market conditions and our investment management performance. We believe the cash flows from our fee-based PGIM businesses are adequate to satisfy the current liquidity requirements of these operations, as well as requirements that could arise under reasonably foreseeable stress scenarios, which are monitored through the use of internal measures.

The principal sources of liquidity for our strategic investments held in our PGIM businesses are cash flows from investments, the ability to liquidate investments, and available borrowing lines from internal sources, including Prudential Financial and Prudential Funding, LLC (“Prudential Funding”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Insurance. The primary liquidity risks include the inability to sell assets in a timely manner, declines in the value of assets and credit defaults. There have been no material changes to the liquidity position of our PGIM operations since December 31, 2017.

Alternative Sources of Liquidity

In addition to asset-based financing as discussed below, Prudential Financial and certain subsidiaries have access to other sources of liquidity, including syndicated, unsecured committed credit facilities, membership in the Federal Home Loan Banks, commercial paper programs and a put option agreement. For more information on these sources of liquidity, see Note 9 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein and Note 14 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Asset-based Financing

We conduct asset-based or secured financing within our insurance and other subsidiaries, including transactions such as securities lending, repurchase agreements and mortgage dollar rolls, to earn spread income, to borrow funds, or to facilitate trading activity. These programs are primarily driven by portfolio holdings of securities that are lendable based on counterparty demand for these securities in the marketplace. The collateral received in connection with these programs is primarily used to purchase securities in the short-term spread portfolios of our insurance entities. Investments held in the short-term spread portfolios include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments (primarily corporate bonds), mortgage loans and fixed maturities (primarily collateralized loan obligations and other structured securities), with a weighted average life at time of purchase by the short-term portfolios of four years or less. Floating rate assets comprise the majority of our short-term spread portfolio. These short-term portfolios are subject to specific investment policy statements, which among other things, do not allow for significant asset/liability interest rate duration mismatch.

The following table sets forth our liabilities under asset-based or secured financing programs as of the dates indicated.

	June 30, 2018						December 31, 2017
	PFI Excluding Closed Block Division		Closed Block Division		Consolidated		PFI Excluding Closed Block Division		Closed Block Division		Consolidated
	($ in millions)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	6,488	$	3,052	$	9,540	$	4,960	$	3,440	$	8,400
Cash collateral for loaned securities	3,371		936		4,307		3,203		1,151		4,354
Securities sold but not yet purchased	4		0		4		3		0		3
Total(1)	$	9,863	$	3,988	$	13,851	$	8,166	$	4,591	$	12,757
Portion of above securities that may be returned to the Company overnight requiring immediate return of the cash collateral	$	4,528	$	914	$	5,442	$	3,838	$	1,393	$	5,231
Weighted average maturity, in days(2)	10		4				12		3

__________ 

(1) The daily weighted average outstanding balance for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was $9,225 million and $9,052 million, respectively, for PFI excluding the Closed Block division, and $4,509 million and $4,628 million, respectively, for the Closed Block division.

(2) Excludes securities that may be returned to the Company overnight.

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As of June 30, 2018, our domestic insurance entities had assets eligible for the asset-based or secured financing programs of $111.8 billion, of which $13.9 billion were on loan. Taking into account market conditions and outstanding loan balances as of June 30, 2018, we believe approximately $15.1 billion of the remaining eligible assets are readily lendable, including approximately $10.7 billion relating to PFI excluding the Closed Block division, of which $3.0 billion relates to certain separate accounts and may only be used for financing activities related to those accounts, and the remaining $4.4 billion relating to the Closed Block division.

Financing Activities

As of June 30, 2018, total short-term and long-term debt of the Company on a consolidated basis was $18.8 billion, an increase of $236 million from December 31, 2017. The following table sets forth total consolidated borrowings of the Company as of the dates indicated. We may, from time to time, seek to redeem or repurchase our outstanding debt securities through open market purchases, individually negotiated transactions or otherwise. Any such actions will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity position and other factors.

	June 30, 2018						December 31, 2017
Borrowings:	Prudential Financial		Subsidiaries		Consolidated		Prudential Financial		Subsidiaries		Consolidated
	(in millions)
General obligation short-term debt:
Commercial paper	$	19	$	516	$	535	$	50	$	500	$	550
Current portion of long-term debt	1,480		0		1,480		830		0		830
Subtotal	1,499		516		2,015		880		500		1,380
General obligation long-term debt:
Senior debt	8,982		173		9,155		8,738		173		8,911
Junior subordinated debt	5,970		56		6,026		6,566		56		6,622
Surplus notes(1)	0		841		841		0		840		840
Subtotal	14,952		1,070		16,022		15,304		1,069		16,373
Total general obligations	16,451		1,586		18,037		16,184		1,569		17,753
Limited and non-recourse borrowings(2):
Current portion of long term debt	0		41		41		0		0		0
Long-term debt	0		710		710		0		799		799
Total limited and non-recourse borrowings	0		751		751		0		799		799
Total borrowings	$	16,451	$	2,337	$	18,788	$	16,184	$	2,368	$	18,552

__________ 

(1) Amounts are net of assets under set-off arrangements of $8,419 million and $7,287 million as of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, respectively.

(2) Limited and non-recourse borrowing represents mortgage debt of our subsidiaries that has recourse only to real estate investment property.

As of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, we were in compliance with all debt covenants related to the borrowings in the table above. For further information on our short- and long-term debt obligations, see Note 9 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein and Note 14 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Prudential Financial’s borrowings increased $267 million from December 31, 2017, driven by the issuance of $1 billion of senior debt, offset by the redemption of $600 million of junior subordinated notes, $101 million of retail note maturities, and a $31 million decrease in commercial paper outstanding. Borrowings of our subsidiaries decreased $31 million from December 31, 2017, primarily driven by a $50 million mortgage prepayment, partially offset by a $16 million increase in commercial paper outstanding.

Term and Universal Life Reserve Financing

We use captive reinsurance subsidiaries to finance the portion of the statutory reserves required to be held by our domestic life insurance companies under Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX that we consider to be non-economic. The financing arrangements involve the reinsurance of term and universal life business to our captive reinsurers and the issuance of surplus notes by those captives that are treated as capital for statutory purposes. These surplus notes are subordinated obligations, and the payment of principal on the surplus notes can be made with prior insurance regulatory approval.

157

We have entered into agreements with external counterparties providing for the issuance of surplus notes by our captive reinsurers in return for the receipt of credit-linked notes (“Credit-Linked Note Structures”). Under the agreements, the captive receives in exchange for the surplus notes one or more credit-linked notes issued by a special-purpose affiliate of the Company with an aggregate principal amount equal to the surplus notes outstanding. The captive holds the credit-linked notes as assets supporting Regulation XXX or Guideline AXXX non-economic reserves, as applicable. As of June 30, 2018, we had Credit-Linked Note Structures with an aggregate issuance capacity of $13,700 million, of which $10,619 million was outstanding, as compared to an aggregate issuance capacity of $11,100 million, of which $9,487 million was outstanding, as of December 31, 2017. For more information on our Credit-Linked Note Structures, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Financing Activities” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The following table summarizes our Credit-Linked Note Structures, which are reported on a net basis, as of June 30, 2018.

	Surplus Notes
Credit-Linked Note Structures:	Original Issue Dates	Maturity Dates	Outstanding as of June 30, 2018			Facility Size
	($ in millions)
XXX	2011-2014	2021-2024	$	1,750	(1)	$	2,000
AXXX	2013	2033	3,003			3,500
XXX	2014-2017	2022-2034	2,200		(2)	2,200
XXX	2014-2017	2024-2037	2,100			2,400
AXXX	2017	2037	1,466			2,000
XXX	2018	2038	$	100		$	1,600
Total Credit-Linked Note Structures			$	10,619		$	13,700

__________

(1) Prudential Financial has agreed to reimburse any amounts paid under the credit-linked notes issued in this structure.

(2) The $2.2 billion surplus note represents an intercompany transaction that eliminates upon consolidation. Prudential Financial has agreed to reimburse amounts paid under credit-linked notes issued in this structure up to $1.0 billion.

As of June 30, 2018, we also had outstanding an aggregate of $2.4 billion of debt issued for the purpose of financing Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX non-economic reserves, of which approximately $0.6 billion relates to Regulation XXX reserves and approximately $1.8 billion relates to Guideline AXXX reserves, all of which was issued by Prudential Financial. In addition, as of June 30, 2018, for purposes of financing Guideline AXXX reserves, our captives had outstanding approximately $4.0 billion of surplus notes that were issued to affiliates.

The NAIC’s actuarial guideline known as “AG 48” requires us to hold cash and rated securities in greater amounts than we previously held to support economic reserves for certain of our term and universal life policies reinsured to a captive. The total additional asset requirement from the inception of AG 48 through December 31, 2017 is approximately $1.8 billion, which we funded using a combination of existing assets and newly purchased assets sourced from affiliated financing. We believe we have sufficient internal resources to satisfy the additional asset requirement through 2018.

The Company adopted principles-based reserving for its guaranteed universal life products and introduced updated versions of these products in 2017. The updated products are expected to support the principles-based statutory reserve level without the need for financing through captive reinsurance. The Company is continuing to assess the impact of principles-based reserving on projected statutory reserve levels and product pricing for its remaining portfolio of individual life product offerings.

Ratings

The following is a summary of the significant changes or actions in ratings and ratings outlooks for our Company as well as the life insurance industry and sector, that have occurred subsequent to the filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

In April 2018, S&P revised the company outlook for Prudential of Japan, Gibraltar Life and PGFL from Stable to Positive. A rating agency company outlook generally indicates a medium- or long-term trend (generally six months to two years) in credit fundamentals, which if continued, may lead to a rating change. These indicators are not necessarily a precursor of a rating change nor do they preclude a rating agency from changing a rating at any time without notice.

158

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Guarantees, Other Contingencies and Other Contingent Commitments

In the course of our business, we provide certain guarantees and indemnities to third-parties pursuant to which we may be contingently required to make payments in the future. We also have other commitments, some of which are contingent upon events or circumstances not under our control, including those at the discretion of our counterparties. See “—Commitments and Guarantees” within Note 14 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. For further discussion of certain of these commitments that relate to our separate accounts, also see “—Liquidity—Liquidity associated with other activities—PGIM operations.”

Other Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In November 2013, we entered into a put option agreement with a Delaware trust that gives Prudential Financial the right, at any time over a ten-year period, to issue up to $1.5 billion of senior notes to the trust in return for principal and interest strips of U.S. Treasury securities that are held by the trust. In 2014, Prudential Financial entered into financing transactions, pursuant to which it issued $500 million of limited recourse notes and, in return, obtained $500 million of asset-backed notes from a Delaware master trust and ultimately contributed the asset-backed notes to its subsidiary, PRIAC. As of June 30, 2018, no principal payments have been received or are currently due on the asset-backed notes and, as a result, there was no payment obligation under the limited recourse notes. Accordingly, none of the notes are reflected in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements as of that date.

Other than as described above, we do not have retained or contingent interests in assets transferred to unconsolidated entities, or variable interests in unconsolidated entities or other similar transactions, arrangements or relationships that serve as credit, liquidity or market risk support, that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or our access to or requirements for capital resources. In addition, other than the agreements referred to above, we do not have relationships with any unconsolidated entities that are contractually limited to narrow activities that facilitate our transfer of or access to associated assets.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk of fluctuations in the value of financial instruments as a result of absolute or relative changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices or commodity prices. To varying degrees, our products and services, and the investment activities supporting them, generate exposure to market risk. The market risk incurred, and our strategies for managing this risk, vary by product. As of June 30, 2018, there have been no material changes in our economic exposure to market risk from December 31, 2017, a description of which may be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2017, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. See Item 1A, “Risk Factors” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, for a discussion of how difficult conditions in the financial markets and the economy generally may materially adversely affect our business and results of our operations.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

In order to ensure that the information we must disclose in our filings with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported on a timely basis, the Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), as of June 30, 2018. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of June 30, 2018, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. No change in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f), occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2018, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

See Note 14 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements under “—Litigation and Regulatory Matters” for a description of certain pending litigation and regulatory matters affecting us, and certain risks to our businesses presented by such matters, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. These risks could materially affect our business, results of operations or financial condition, cause the trading price of our Common Stock to decline materially or cause our actual results to differ materially from those expected or those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by, or on behalf of, the Company. These risks are not exclusive, and additional risks to which we are subject include, but are not limited to, the factors mentioned under “Forward-Looking Statements” and the risks of our businesses described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

(c) The following table provides information about purchases by the Company during the three months ended June 30, 2018, of its Common Stock:

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program(2)	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased under the Program(2)
April 1, 2018 through April 30, 2018	1,190,399	$	105.15	1,188,781
May 1, 2018 through May 31, 2018	1,249,799	$	100.37	1,245,300
June 1, 2018 through June 30, 2018	1,282,704	$	97.73	1,279,069
Total	3,722,902	$	100.99	3,713,150	$750,000,000

__________

(1) Includes shares of Common Stock withheld from participants for income tax withholding purposes whose shares of restricted stock units vested during the period. Such restricted stock units were originally issued to participants pursuant to the Prudential Financial Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan.

(2) In December 2017, Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase, at management’s discretion, up to $1.5 billion of its outstanding Common Stock during the period from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2018.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

EXHIBIT INDEX

12.1	Statement of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
31.1	Section 302 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer.
31.2	Section 302 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer.
32.1	Section 906 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer.
32.2	Section 906 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer.

101.INS - XBRL	Instance Document.
101.SCH - XBRL	Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL - XBRL	Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.LAB - XBRL	Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE - XBRL	Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF - XBRL	Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

Prudential Financial, Inc. will furnish upon request a copy of any exhibit listed above upon the payment of a reasonable fee covering the expense of furnishing the copy. Requests should be directed to:

Shareholder Services

Prudential Financial, Inc.

751 Broad Street, 21st Floor

Newark, New Jersey 07102

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GLOSSARY

Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company may use certain abbreviations, acronyms and terms which are defined below.

Prudential Entities
Company	Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries	PRIAC	Prudential Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company
Gibraltar Life	Gibraltar Life Insurance Company, Ltd.	Pruco Life	Pruco Life Insurance Company
PALAC	Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation	Prudential	Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries
PFI	Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries	Prudential Financial	Prudential Financial, Inc.
PGFL	Prudential Gibraltar Financial Life Insurance Co., Ltd.	Prudential Funding	Prudential Funding, LLC
PHJ	Prudential Holdings of Japan, Inc.	Prudential Insurance/PICA	The Prudential Insurance Company of America
PLIC	Prudential Legacy Insurance Company of New Jersey	Prudential of Japan	The Prudential Life Insurance Company, Ltd.
PLNJ	Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey	Registrant	Prudential Financial, Inc.

Defined Terms
Board	Prudential Financial's Board of Directors	Moody's	Moody's Investor Service, Inc.
Closed Block	Certain in force traditional domestic participating insurance and annuity products and corresponding assets that are used for the payment of benefits and policyholders' dividends on these products	Other Postretirement Benefits	Certain health care and life insurance benefits provided by the Company for retired employees, their beneficiaries and covered dependents
Designated Financial Company	A non-bank financial company that is subject to stricter standards and supervision	Pension Benefits	Funded and non-funded non-contributory defined benefit pension plans which cover substantially all of the Company’s employees
Dodd-Frank	Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act	PGIM	The Global Investment Management Businesses of Prudential Financial, Inc.
Exchange Act	The Securities Exchange Act of 1934	Regulation XXX	Valuation of Life Insurance Policies Model Regulation
Fitch	Fitch Ratings Inc.	S&P	Standard & Poor's Rating Services
Framework	Prudential's capital protection framework	Tax Act of 2017	The United States Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
Guideline AXXX	The Application of the Valuation of Life Insurance Policies Model Regulation	U.S. GAAP	Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America

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Acronyms
AG 48	Actuarial Guideline No. 48	IRS	Internal Revenue Service
ALM	Asset Liability Management	LIBOR	London Inter-Bank Offered Rate
AOCI	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	LPs/LLCs	Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies
ASCL	Assets Supporting Experience-rated Contractholder Liabilities	MD&A	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
ASU	Accounting Standards Updates	NAIC	National Association of Insurance Commissioners
bps	Basis Points	NAV	Net Asset Value
DAC	Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	NJDOBI	New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance
DOL	U.S. Department of Labor	NPR	Non-Performance Risk
DSI	Deferred Sales Inducements	OCI	Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
EBITDA	Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization	OTC	Over-The-Counter
FASB	Financial Accounting Standards Board	OTTI	Other-Than-Temporary Impairments
FSA	Financial Services Agency (an agency of the Japanese government)	RBC	Risk-Based Capital
GICs	Guaranteed Investment Contracts	SEC	Securities and Exchange Commission
GMAB	Guaranteed Minimum Accumulation Benefits	SVO	Securities Valuation Office
GMDB	Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefits	TIA	Trust Indenture Act
GMIWB	Guaranteed Minimum Income and Withdrawal Benefits	U.S.	The United States of America
GMWB	Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits	VIEs	Variable Interest Entities
G-SII	Global Systemically Important Insurer	VOBA	Value of Business Acquired
HDI	Highest Daily Lifetime Income

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Prudential Financial, Inc.
By:	/S/    ROBERT M. FALZON
	Robert M. Falzon Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Authorized signatory and principal financial officer)

Date: August 3, 2018

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