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Fair Value Disclosures and Reporting, the Fair Value Option and Fair Value Measurements
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2015
Fair Value Disclosures and Reporting, the Fair Value Option and Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]  
Fair Value Disclosures and Reporting, the Fair Value Option and Fair Value Measurements

Note 9 – Fair Value Disclosures and Reporting, the Fair Value Option and Fair Value Measurements

 

FASB's standards on financial instruments, and on fair value measurements and disclosures, require all entities to disclose in their financial statement footnotes the estimated fair values of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate fair values. In addition to disclosure requirements, FASB's standard on investments requires that our debt securities which are classified as available for sale and our equity securities that have readily determinable fair values be measured and reported at fair value in our statement of financial position. Certain impaired loans are also reported at fair value, as explained in greater detail below, and foreclosed assets are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. FASB's standard on financial instruments permits companies to report certain other financial assets and liabilities at fair value, but we have not elected the fair value option for any of those financial instruments.

 

Fair value measurement and disclosure standards also establish a framework for measuring fair values. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Further, the standards establish a fair value hierarchy that encourages an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and limit the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair values. The standards describe three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

 

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

 

Level 2: Significant observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

 

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company's own assumptions about the factors that market participants would likely consider in pricing an asset or liability.

 

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time based on relevant market data and information about the financial instruments. The estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering the Company's entire holdings of a particular financial instrument for sale at one time, nor do they attempt to estimate the value of anticipated future business related to the instruments. In addition, the tax ramifications related to realized gains and losses could have a significant effect on fair value estimates but have not been considered in any estimates. Because no active market exists for a significant portion of our financial instruments, fair value disclosures are based on judgments regarding current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments and other factors. The estimates are subjective and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly alter the fair values presented. The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company to estimate the fair value of its financial instruments disclosed at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

 

Cash and cash equivalents and fed funds sold: The carrying amount is estimated to be fair value.

 

Investment securities: Fair values are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges or by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities by relying on their relationship to other benchmark quoted securities when quoted prices for specific securities are not readily available.

 

Loans and leases: For variable-rate loans and leases that re-price frequently with no significant change in credit risk or interest rate spread, fair values are based on carrying values. Fair values for other loans and leases are estimated by discounting projected cash flows at interest rates being offered at each reporting date for loans and leases with similar terms, to borrowers of comparable creditworthiness. The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates its fair value.

  

Loans held for sale: Since loans designated by the Company as available-for-sale are typically sold shortly after making the decision to sell them, realized gains or losses are usually recognized within the same period and fluctuations in fair values are not relevant for reporting purposes. If available-for-sale loans are on our books for an extended period of time, the fair value of those loans is determined using quoted secondary-market prices.

 

Collateral-dependent impaired loans: Collateral-dependent impaired loans are carried at fair value when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the original loan agreement and the loan has been written down to the fair value of its underlying collateral, net of expected disposition costs where applicable.

 

Cash surrender value of life insurance policies: Fair values are based on net cash surrender values at each reporting date.

 

Investments in, and capital commitments to, limited partnerships: The fair values of our limited partner investments in low-income housing tax credit funds and other limited partnership investments are estimated using quarterly indications of value provided by the general partners. The fair values of undisbursed capital commitments are assumed to be the same as their book values.

 

Other investments: Certain investments for which no secondary market exists are carried at cost and the carrying amount for those investments typically approximates their estimated fair value, unless an impairment analysis indicates the need for adjustments.

 

Deposits: Fair values for non-maturity deposits are equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date, which is the carrying amount. Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a cash flow analysis, discounted at interest rates being offered at each reporting date by the Bank for certificates with similar remaining maturities. The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates its fair value.

 

Short-term borrowings: Current carrying amounts are used as an approximation of fair values for federal funds purchased, overnight advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”), borrowings under repurchase agreements, and other short-term borrowings maturing within ninety days of the reporting dates. Fair values of other short-term borrowings are estimated by discounting projected cash flows at the Company's current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.

 

Long-term borrowings: Fair values are estimated using projected cash flows discounted at the Company's current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.

 

Subordinated debentures: Fair values are determined based on the current market value for like instruments of a similar maturity and structure.

 

Commitments to extend credit and letters of credit: If funded, the carrying amounts for currently unused commitments would provide an equivalent measure of fair values for the newly created financial assets at the funding date. However, because of the high degree of uncertainty with regard to whether or not those commitments will ultimately be funded, fair values for loan commitments and letters of credit in their current undisbursed state cannot reasonably be estimated, and only notional values are disclosed in the table below.

 

Estimated fair values for the Company's financial instruments are as follows, as of the dates noted:

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments                    
(dollars in thousands, unaudited) September 30, 2015
Estimated Fair Value  
Carrying
Amount
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
    Total  
Financial assets:                                        
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 48,988     $ 48,988     $ -     $ -     $ 48,988  
Investment securities available for sale     509,600       1,296       508,304       -       509,600  
Loans and leases, net held for investment     1,035,731       -       1,056,516       -       1,056,516  
Collateral dependent impaired loans     9,943       -       9,943       -       9,943  
Cash surrender value of life insurance policies     43,675       -       43,675       -       43,675  
Other investments     7,546       -       7,546       -       7,546  
Investment in limited partnership     6,432       -       6,432       -       6,432  
Accrued interest receivable     5,662       -       5,662       -       5,662  
                                         
Financial liabilities:                                        
Deposits:                                        
Noninterest-bearing   $ 423,449     $ 423,449     $ -     $ -     $ 423,449  
Interest-bearing     1,005,665       -       1,005,827       -       1,005,827  
Fed funds purchased and repurchase agreements     10,115       -       10,115       -       10,115  
Short-term borrowings     41,500       -       41,500       -       41,500  
Long-term borrowings     2,000       -       2,004       -       2,004  
Subordinated debentures     30,928       -       12,008       -       12,008  
Limited partnership capital commitment     795       -       795       -       795  
Accrued interest payable     115       -       115       -       115  



Notional Amount                                  
Off-balance-sheet financial instruments:                                    
Commitments to extend credit $ 370,787                                  
Standby letters of credit   16,881                                  

 

December 31, 2014
Estimated Fair Value  
Carrying
Amount
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
    Total  
Financial assets:                                
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 50,095     $ 50,095     $ -     $ -     $ 50,095  
Investment securities available for sale     511,883       2,222       509,661       -       511,883  
Loans and leases, net held for investment     956,265       -       966,599       -       966,599  
Collateral dependent impaired loans     4,791       -       4,791       -       4,791  
Cash surrender value of life insurance policies     42,989       -       42,989       -       42,989  
Other Investments     7,042       -       7,042       -       7,042  
Investment in limited partnership     7,276       -       7,276       -       7,276  
Accrued interest receivable     5,852       -       5,852       -       5,852  
                                         
Financial liabilities:                                        
Deposits:                                        
Noninterest-bearing   $ 390,897     $ 390,897     $ -     $ -     $ 390,897  
Interest-bearing     975,798       -       976,002       -       976,002  
Fed funds purchased and repurchase agreements     7,251       -       7,251       -       7,251  
Short-term borrowings     18,200       -       18,200       -       18,200  
Long-term borrowings     6,000       -       6,000       -       6,000  
Subordinated debentures     30,928       -       11,428       -       11,428  
Limited partnership capital commitment     914       -       914       -       914  
Accrued interest payable     137       -       137       -       137  

 


Notional Amount                                  
Off-balance-sheet financial instruments:                                    
Commitments to extend credit $ 366,909                                  
Standby letters of credit   14,389                                  


For financial asset categories that were actually reported at fair value as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company used the following methods and significant assumptions:

 

Investment securities: Fair values are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges or by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities by relying on their relationship to other benchmark quoted securities.

 

Collateral-dependent impaired loans: Collateral-dependent impaired loans are carried at fair value when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the original loan agreement and the loan has been written down to the fair value of its underlying collateral, net of expected disposition costs where applicable.

 

Foreclosed assets: Repossessed real estate (known as other real estate owned, or “OREO”) and other foreclosed assets are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Fair value is the appraised value less expected selling costs for OREO and some other assets such as mobile homes, and fair values for any other foreclosed assets are represented by estimated sales proceeds as determined using reasonably available sources. Foreclosed assets for which appraisals can be feasibly obtained are periodically measured for impairment using updated appraisals. Fair values for other foreclosed assets are adjusted as necessary, subsequent to a periodic re-evaluation of expected cash flows and the timing of resolution. If impairment is determined to exist, the book value of a foreclosed asset is immediately written down to its estimated impaired value through the income statement, thus the carrying amount is equal to the fair value and there is no valuation allowance.

 

Assets reported at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:

 

Fair Value Measurements - Recurring

(dollars in thousands, unaudited)


Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2015, using      
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
  Significant
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
    Total     Realized
Gain/(Loss)
 
Investment securities                                  
US Government agencies $ -     $ 29,741     $ -     $ 29,741     $ -  
Mortgage-backed securities     -       377,308       -       377,308       -  
State and poltical subdivisions     -       101,255       -       101,255       -  
Other securities     1,296       -       -       1,296       -  
                                         
Total available-for-sale securities   $ 1,296     $ 508,304     $ -     $ 509,600     $ -  

 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2014, using      
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
  Significant
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
    Total     Realized
Gain/(Loss)
 
Investment securities                                  
US Government agencies $ -     $ 27,270     $ -     $ 27,270     $ -  
Mortgage-backed securities     -       381,442       -       381,442       -  
State and poltical subdivisions     -       100,949       -       100,949       -  
Other securities     2,222       -       -       2,222       -  
                                         
Total available-for-sale securities   $ 2,222     $ 509,661     $ -     $ 511,883     $ -  


Assets reported at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are summarized below:

 

Fair Value Measurements - Nonrecurring

(dollars in thousands, unaudited)

Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2015, using  
Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets (Level 1)
    Significant
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
    Total  
Collateral dependent impaired loans $ -     $ 9,943     $ -     $ 9,943  
Foreclosed assets $ -     $ 3,003     $ -     $ 3,003  

 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2014, using  
Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets (Level 1)
    Significant
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
    Total  
Collateral dependent impaired loans $ -     $ 4,791     $ -     $ 4,791  
Foreclosed assets $ -     $ 3,991     $ -     $ 3,991  

 

The table above includes collateral-dependent impaired loan balances for which a specific reserve has been established or on which a write-down has been taken. Information on the Company's total impaired loan balances and specific loss reserves associated with those balances is included in Note 11 below, and in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation in the “Nonperforming Assets” and “Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses” sections.

 

The unobservable inputs are based on Management's best estimates of appropriate discounts in arriving at fair market value. Increases or decreases in any of those inputs could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. For example, an increase or decrease in actual loss rates would have a directionally opposite change in the calculation of the fair value of unsecured impaired loans.