Licensing Agreements

The Company is subject to a number of licensing agreements with respect to certain of the technologies that underlie its intellectual property. Unless otherwise noted, these agreements typically provide that the Company has exclusive rights to the use and sublicensing of the technologies in question for the duration of the intellectual property patent protection in question, subject to the Company meeting its financial and other contractual obligations under the agreements. The Company expenses all payments made under the following agreements in the period the payments occurred. For additional information regarding how the Company records payments under these agreements, see note 2(i) above. Certain of the key licensing agreements include the following:

Central Iowa Health Systems. The Company is a party to a license agreement, or the CIHS Agreement, dated August 2, 2001, with the Central Iowa Health System, or CIHS. The CIHS Agreement grants the Company an exclusive, worldwide license to make, have made, use, import, sell and offer for sale products that are covered by certain CIHS patent rights, proprietary information and know-how relating to the Company’s HyperAcute immunotherapy technology. In partial consideration of the license under the CIHS Agreement, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement with CIHS, under which the Company issued to CIHS shares of its common stock and granted CIHS certain rights related to ownership of such shares.

In addition, the Company must reimburse CIHS for out-of-pocket costs incurred for patent prosecution and maintenance. If the Company commercializes a licensed product, it also has the obligation to pay CIHS royalties as a low single-digit percentage of net sales of the licensed product, subject to annual minimum royalties and a reduction for any royalty payments the Company must make to third parties. If the Company grants a sublicense under the licenses granted by CIHS, it must pay to CIHS a percentage of certain consideration paid by the sublicensee to the Company. Under the CIHS Agreement, the Company must use commercially reasonable efforts to develop and commercialize licensed products, to obtain necessary regulatory approvals and to launch and market such products in specified markets.

Unless terminated earlier, the CIHS Agreement shall remain in effect until the expiration of all of the Company’s royalty obligations under the agreement. The Company may terminate the agreement, or specific patents covered by the agreement, on written notice to CIHS or for CIHS’ uncured material breach of the agreement. CIHS has the right to terminate for the Company’s uncured material breach of the agreement after written notice. Upon termination of the agreement the Company may sell its existing inventory of licensed products for a period of three months after such termination.

Drexel University. The Company is party to a license agreement, or the Drexel Agreement, dated October 13, 2004 with Drexel University, or Drexel. The Drexel Agreement grants the Company, and its affiliates, an exclusive, worldwide license, under specified Drexel patent rights relating to compositions and methods for vaccines based on alpha-galactosyl epitopes, to make, have made, use, import, sell and offer for sale vaccine products that are covered by such patent rights, or that use related Drexel technical information, for use in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, viral and other infectious disease.

In consideration of the Company’s license under the Drexel Agreement, it has paid and is obligated to continue to pay specified license fees, potential milestone payments in an aggregate amount up to approximately $1 million for each licensed product, annual license maintenance fees, reimbursement of patent prosecution costs, and royalty payments as a low single-digit percentage of “net sales” of any licensed product that is commercialized, subject to minimum royalty payments. Royalty rates vary depending on the type of licensed product, the territory where it is sold and whether the licensed product is combined with other technologies. In addition, if the Company grants a sublicense under the license granted by Drexel, it must pay Drexel a percentage of the consideration paid by the sublicensee to the Company. In accordance with a development plan included in the Drexel Agreement, the Company is obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop and market products covered by the license as soon as practicable.

Unless terminated earlier, the Drexel Agreement shall remain in effect until the expiration or abandonment of all the licensed Drexel patents. The Company may terminate the Drexel Agreement on written notice to Drexel. Drexel has the right to terminate for the uncured breach of the Company’s obligations under the agreement or for certain other reasons. If the Drexel Agreement terminates the Company may, in certain circumstances, sell any remaining inventory of licensed products for a period of six months after termination.

Lankenau Institute for Medical Research—IDO-1. The Company is a party to a license agreement dated July 7, 2005, as amended May 22, 2006 and September 11, 2007, or the IDO-1 Agreement, with Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, or LIMR. The IDO-1 Agreement grants the Company an exclusive, worldwide license, under specified LIMR patent rights relating to inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, or IDO-1, and related LIMR technology, to make, have made, use, import, sell and offer for sale products that are covered by such patent rights for use in the field of animal and human therapeutics and diagnostics.

In consideration of the license grant, the Company is obligated to pay to LIMR specified license fees, annual license maintenance fees, reimbursement of past patent prosecution costs, potential milestone payments in an aggregate amount up to approximately $1.36 million for each licensed product, and royalties as a low single-digit percentage of net sales of the licensed products if a licensed product is commercialized. In addition, if the Company grants a sublicense under the IDO-1 Agreement, it must to pay to LIMR a percentage of the consideration received by the Company from the sublicensee. Under the IDO-1 Agreement, the Company is obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop and market the licensed products, and to achieve certain milestones by agreed-upon deadlines.

Unless terminated earlier, the IDO-1 Agreement shall remain in effect until the expiration of the last licensed LIMR patents. LIMR may terminate the agreement for the Company’s failure to achieve specified milestones, failure to make payments due, bankruptcy or similar proceedings. Upon termination of the agreement, the Company may sell its current inventory of licensed products and those licensed products in the process of manufacture, subject to the terms of the agreement.

Georgia Health Sciences University. The Company is a party to a License Agreement dated September 13, 2005, or the GHS Agreement, with Georgia Health Sciences University, formerly known as the Medical College of Georgia Research Institute, or GHS, which was amended on April 27, 2006 and February 13, 2007. The GHS Agreement grants the Company, including its affiliates, an exclusive, worldwide license, under specified GHS patent rights and related technology to make, have made, use, import, sell and offer for sale products that are covered by licensed patent rights or incorporates or uses licensed technology in all medical applications.

In consideration of such license grant, the Company is obligated to pay to GHS specified license fees (including issuing shares of its common stock), annual license maintenance fees, reimbursement of patent prosecution costs, potential milestone payments in an aggregate amount up to approximately $2.8 million per licensed product, and royalties as a single-digit percentage of net sales of the licensed products, subject to minimum royalty payments and royalty rates depending on the type of license product. In addition, if the Company grants a sublicense under the license granted by GHS, it must pay to GHS a percentage of the consideration it receives from the sublicensee. Under the agreement, the Company is obligated to make certain investments toward the further development of licensed products within specified time periods.

Unless terminated earlier, the GHS Agreement will remain in effect until the expiration of the last licensed GHS patents. GHS may terminate this agreement for the Company’s uncured material breach, bankruptcy or similar proceedings. The Company may terminate this agreement for the uncured material breach of GHS. For a period of one year following the termination of the agreement, the Company may sell its licensed products that are fully manufactured and part of its normal inventory at the date of termination.

LIMR—IDO-2. The Company is a party to a license agreement, or the LIMR IDO-2 Agreement, executed December 21, 2007 with LIMR. The LIMR IDO-2 Agreement grants the Company an exclusive, worldwide license, under specified LIMR patent rights relating to inhibitors of the target Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase-2, or IDO-2, and under related LIMR know-how or technology, to make, have made, use, import, sell and offer for sale products and services that are covered by such patent rights, for all uses.

In consideration of the license grant, the Company has paid to LIMR an upfront license fee and annual license maintenance fees, and is obligated to pay LIMR annual license maintenance fees, potential milestone payments in an aggregate amount up to approximately $1.52 million per licensed product, subject to reductions if milestones also qualify under the IDO-1 Agreement, and, if a licensed product is commercialized, royalties as a low single-digit percentage of “net sales” of the licensed product, subject to reduction for the Company’s royalty payments to third parties. In addition, if the Company grants a sublicense under the licenses granted by LIMR, it must pay to LIMR a percentage of the consideration paid by the sublicensee to the Company. Under the LIMR IDO-2 Agreement, the Company has agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts to develop and exploit products covered by the license.

Unless terminated earlier, the LIMR IDO-2 Agreement shall continue until the expiration of the last valid LIMR patent licensed under the agreement. The Company may terminate the Agreement on written notice to LIMR. LIMR has the right to terminate for the Company’s uncured material breach, failure to pay, or bankruptcy or similar proceedings. Upon termination of the agreement, the Company may sell its current inventory of licensed products and those licensed products in the process of manufacture, subject to the terms of the agreement.

2009 LIMR Exclusive License Agreement. The Company is a party to a license agreement, or the 2009 LIMR Agreement, dated April 23, 2009 with LIMR. The 2009 LIMR Agreement grants the Company an exclusive, worldwide license, under specified LIMR patent rights relating to IDO inhibitors, and under related LIMR know-how or technology, to make, have made, use, import, sell and offer for sale products and services that are covered by such patent rights, for all uses. In consideration of such license grant, the Company is obligated to pay LIMR potential milestone payments in an aggregate amount up to approximately $610,000 per licensed product, subject to reductions if milestones also qualify under the IDO-1 Agreement or LIMR IDO-2 Agreement, and royalties as a low single-digit percentage of “net sales” of the licensed product, subject to reduction for the Company’s royalty payments to third parties and to LIMR under the IDO-1 Agreement or LIMR IDO-2 Agreement. In addition, if the Company grants a sublicense under the licenses granted by LIMR, it must pay to LIMR a percentage of the consideration paid by the sublicensee to us.

Unless terminated earlier, the LIMR IDO Agreement shall continue until the expiration of the last valid LIMR patent licensed under the agreement. The Company may terminate the Agreement on written notice to LIMR. LIMR has the right to terminate for the Company’s uncured material breach, failure to pay, or bankruptcy or similar proceedings. Upon termination of the agreement, the Company may sell its current inventory of licensed products and those licensed products in the process of manufacture, subject to the terms of the agreement.

Bresagen Patent License Agreement. The Company is a party to a license agreement, or the Bresagen Agreement, dated March 1, 2006 with Bresagen Xenograft Marketing Ltd, or Bresagen. The Bresagen Agreement grants the Company a non-exclusive, non-sublicensable license to specified Bresagen patent rights for use in testing microbial and cancer vaccines. In consideration of such license grant, the Company is obligated to pay Bresagen an up front license fee and an annual license fee.

Unless terminated earlier, the Bresagen Agreement shall continue for an initial period of eight years, which may be extended an additional five years upon agreement of the parties. Either party may terminate the Agreement at any time by agreement in writing, each party not to unreasonably withhold its consent for termination. Bresagen has the right to terminate for the Company’s uncured breach, insolvency, change of control without consent or similar proceedings. Upon termination of the agreement, all of the Company’s rights under the license are terminated.

Regents of the University of California License Agreement. The Company is a party to a license agreement dated July 29, 2008, or the California License, with the Regents of the University of California, or California. The California License grants the Company an exclusive, worldwide license, under specified California patent rights relating to technology based on yellow fever virus, to make, use, import, sell and offer for sale products that are covered by licensed patent rights in the field of human healthcare.

In consideration of the license grant, the Company must pay to California a specified license issue fee, annual license maintenance fees, patent prosecution costs, potential milestone payments in an aggregate amount up to approximately $285,000 per licensed product, and royalties as a low single-digit percentage of net sales of the licensed product, which royalty rate varies depending on the territory. The Company is obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop and market the licensed products, and to achieve certain milestones by agreed-upon deadlines.

Unless terminated earlier, the California License will remain in effect until the expiration or abandonment of the last of the California patent rights. This agreement will terminate automatically upon the filing, by or against the Company, for relief under the United States Bankruptcy Code or upon the filing of a legal action, by or on behalf of the Company, claiming that any portion of the California License is invalid or unenforceable. California may terminate this agreement for the Company's uncured material breach. The Company may terminate this agreement upon written notice to California. Upon termination of the agreement, the Company may sell any previously made licensed product for a period of 120 days after termination.

Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada License Agreement. The Company is a party to a license agreement dated May 4, 2010, or the Canada License, with the Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, or Canada. The Canada License grants the Company a worldwide, personal, non-transferable, sole, revocable, royalty-bearing license for commercialization of specified Canada patent rights relating to technology based on rVSV. The license is subject to Canada's retained right to use the Canada patent rights and technology to improve the patent rights, carryout educational purposes, and development of the patent rights where BPS cannot obtain regulatory approval or meet demand.

In consideration of the license grant, the Company must pay to Canada specified patent and signing fees, annual license maintenance fees, patent prosecution costs, potential milestone payments in an aggregate amount up to approximately C$205,000 per licensed product, and royalties as a low single-digit percentage of the sales price of the licensed products sold by it, which royalty rate varies depending on the type of licensed product.

Unless terminated earlier, the Canada License will remain in effect until the expiration of the last of the Canada patent rights. Canada may terminate this agreement for BPS's failure to use commercially reasonable efforts to commercialize, failure to pay, breach of confidentiality, cessation of business, criminal conviction or other breach of its obligations under the agreement. BPS may not assign the Canada License to a third party without the prior written consent of Canada, not to be unreasonably withheld. This agreement will terminate automatically if BPS assigns the Canada License without prior written consent or if BPS files for bankruptcy or similar proceedings.

During 2010, the Company issued 23,810 shares to Reconstitute, LLC as consideration for terminating a licensing agreement and for performance of certain provisions of the license agreement prior to termination. The fair value of the shares issued was approximately $201,000.

Under the above license agreements we are obligated to make potential milestone payments as listed in the following table. These obligations are contingent upon achieving the applicable milestone event, the timing of which cannot presently be determined.



Licensor		Aggregate potential milestone payments
Drexel University		$1 million per licensed product

Lankenau Institute for Medical Research under the IDO-1 Agreement (1)		$1.36 million per licensed product

Lankenau Institute for Medical Research under the LIMR IDO-2 Agreement (1)		$1.52 million per licensed product, subject to reductions if milestones also qualify under the IDO-1 Agreement

Lankenau Institute for Medical Research under the 2009 LIMR Agreement (1)		$610,000 per licensed product, subject to reductions if milestones also qualify under the IDO-1 Agreement or LIMR IDO-2 Agreement

Georgia Health Sciences University		$2.8 million per licensed product

Regents of the University of California		$285,000 per licensed product

Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada		C$205,000 per licensed product

We have made payments of approximately $255,000, $89,000, $391,000, and $2.8 million under all of the in-licensing agreements for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, 2010, and from inception, respectively, which is recorded as a component of general and administrative expenses.