Revenue Recognition |
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Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition Adoption of ASC 606 On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606 and applied this guidance to those contracts which were not completed at the date of adoption using the modified retrospective method. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying ASC 606 as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods (ASC 605). The adoption did not have a significant impact to the nature and timing of the Company's revenues, results of operations, cash flows and statement of financial position. The majority of sales revenue continues to be recognized when control of the product transfers to a customer upon shipment or delivery. The primary impact of adopting ASC 606 relates to the establishment of liability estimates for channel rebates and discounts upon revenue recognition on the basis of customary business practice. Under ASC 606, the Company is required to estimate for rebates and discounts ahead of commitment date if customary business practice creates an implied expectation that such activities will occur in the future. The Company utilizes channel rebates and discounts to stimulate end user demand. Consequently, this change in guidance results in an adjustment to the statement of financial position to accelerate the recording of a liability for yet to be committed channel marketing rebates and discounts upon adoption. Further, under ASC 606, deferred revenue balances are to be booked at an amount that reflects only the amounts expected to be received for future obligations. As such, an adjustment was made to allocate variable consideration to deferred revenue. Additionally, the balance sheet presentation of certain reserve balances previously shown net within accounts receivable are now presented as refund liabilities within current liabilities and deferrals for undelivered shipments with destination shipping terms are now removed from receivables and deferred revenue. The following table summarizes the impacts of adopting ASC 606 on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2018 as an adjustment to the opening balances:
The following table summarizes the impacts of adopting ASC 606 on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2018:
The following tables summarize the impacts of adopting ASC 606 on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018:
Revenue Recognition Accounting Policy Revenue Recognition Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration, the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The majority of revenue comes from product sales, consisting of sales of Arlo, Connected Home and Small and Medium Business ("SMB") hardware products to customers (retailers, distributors and service providers). Revenue is recognized at a point in time when control of the goods are transferred to the customer, generally occurring upon shipment or delivery dependent upon the terms of the underlying contract. The amount recognized reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for the transferred goods. The Company sells subscription paid services, such as to its Arlo end user customers where it provides customers access to its cloud services. Revenue for subscription sales is generally recognized over time on a ratable basis over the contract term beginning on the date that the service is made available to the customers at the time of registration. The subscription contracts are generally for 30 days or 12 months in length, billed in advance. Additionally, the Company sells technical support services and extended warranty which consist of telephone and internet access to technical support personnel, hardware replacement and updates to software features. All such service or support sales are typically recognized using an output measure of progress by looking at the time elapsed as the contracts generally provide the customer equal benefit throughout the contract period because the Company transfers control evenly by providing a stand-ready service. The Company also sells services bundled with hardware products and accounts for these sales in line with the multiple performance obligations guidance. Revenue from all sales types is recognized at transaction price, the amount the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Transaction price is calculated as selling price net of variable consideration which may include estimates for future returns, sales incentives and price protection related to current period product revenue. The Company’s standard obligation to its direct customers generally provides for a full refund in the event that such product is not merchantable or is found to be damaged or defective. In determining estimates for future returns, the Company estimates variable consideration at the expected value amounts which is based on management's analysis of historical data, channel inventory levels, current economic trends and changes in customer demand for the Company's products. Sales incentives and price protection are determined based on a combination of the actual amounts committed and through estimating future expenditure based upon historical customary business practice. Typically variable consideration does not need to be constrained as estimates are based on predictive historical data or future commitments that are planned and controlled by the Company. However, the Company continues to assess variable consideration estimates such that it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur. Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations Some of the Company's contracts with customers contain multiple promised goods or services. Such contracts include hardware products with bundled services, networking hardware with embedded software, various software subscription services, and support. For these contracts, the Company accounts for the promises separately as individual performance obligations if they are distinct. Performance obligations are determined to be considered distinct if they are both capable of being distinct and distinct within the context of the contract. In determining whether performance obligations meet the criteria for being distinct, the Company considers a number of factors, such as the degree of interrelation and interdependence between obligations, and whether or not the good or service significantly modifies or transforms another good or service in the contract. The embedded software on most of the hardware products is not considered distinct and therefore the combined hardware and incidental software are treated as one performance obligation and recognized at the point in time when control of product transfers to the customer. Service that is included with certain hardware products, mainly Arlo systems, is considered distinct and therefore the hardware and service are treated as separate performance obligations. After identifying the separate performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Standalone selling prices are generally determined based on the prices charged to customers or using an adjusted market assessment. For Arlo systems, standalone selling price of the hardware is directly observable from add-on camera and base station sales. Standalone selling price of the service is estimated using an adjusted market approach. Revenue is then recognized for each distinct performance obligation as control is transferred to the customer. In general, the hardware is recognized at time of shipping or delivery, while services and support are delivered over the stated service or support period or the estimated useful life. For Arlo systems, the hardware is recognized at the time control of the product transfers to the customer and the transaction price allocated to service is recognized over the estimated useful life of the system, beginning when the customer is expected to activate their account. Useful life of the systems is determined by industry norms, frequency of new model releases, and user history. Warranties Hardware products regularly include warranties to the end customers that consist of bug fixes, minor updates such that the product continues to function according to published specs in a dynamic environment, and phone support. These standard warranties are assurance type warranties and do not offer any services in addition to the assurance that the product will continue working as specified. Therefore, warranties are not considered separate performance obligations in the arrangement. Instead, the expected cost of warranty is accrued as expense in accordance with authoritative guidance. Extended warranties are sold separately and include additional support services. The transaction price for extended warranties is accounted for as service revenue and recognized over the life of the contract. Shipping and Handling Shipping and handling fees billed to customers are included in Net revenue. Shipping and handling costs associated with inbound freight are included in Cost of revenue. In cases where the Company gives a freight allowance to the customer for their own inbound freight costs, such costs are appropriately recorded as a reduction in net revenue. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight are included in Sales and marketing expenses. The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill the promise to transfer the associated products. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight totaled $2.6 million and $7.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, and $2.4 million and $6.9 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2017, respectively. Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price allocated to performances obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of the end of the reporting period. Unsatisfied and partially unsatisfied performance obligations consist of contract liabilities, in-transit orders with destination terms, and non-cancellable backlog. Non-cancellable backlog includes goods and services for which customer purchase orders have been accepted and that are scheduled or in the process of being scheduled for shipment. The following table includes estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of September 30, 2018:
Contract Costs Costs to fulfill a contract are capitalized when they relate directly to an existing contract or specific anticipated contract, generate or enhance resources that will be used to fulfill performance obligations and are recoverable. These costs include direct cost incurred at inception of a contract which enables the fulfillment of the performance obligation and totaled $5.4 million as of September 30, 2018. There was no impairment of capitalized contract costs in the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Applying the practical expedient, the Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that otherwise would have been recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in Sales and marketing and General and administrative expenses. If the incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract, which consist of sales commissions, relate to a service recognized over a period longer than one year, costs are deferred and amortized in line with the related services over the period of benefit. Deferred commissions are classified as non-current based on the original amortization period of over one year. As of September 30, 2018 deferred commissions were not significant. Contract Balances The Company records accounts receivable when it has an unconditional right to consideration. Contract liabilities are recorded when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance. Contract liabilities consist of advance payments and deferred revenue, where the Company has unsatisfied performance obligations. Contract liabilities are classified as Deferred revenue on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Payment terms vary by customer. The time between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. For certain products or services and customer types, payment is required before the products or services are delivered to the customer. The following table reflects the changes in contract balances for the nine months ended September 30, 2018:
_________________________ * Includes the adjustments made to the contracts which were not completed at the date of ASC 606 adoption using the modified retrospective method. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, contract liabilities increased primarily as a result of increased sales of products containing multiple performance obligations, where cash payments were received or due in advance of satisfying the service related performance obligation. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, $46.2 million of revenue was deferred due to unsatisfied performance obligations, primarily relating to over time service revenue. During the nine months, $34.5 million of revenue was recognized for the satisfaction of performance obligations over time. $24.1 million of this recognized revenue was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period. There were no significant changes in estimates during the period that would affect the contract balances. Disaggregation of Revenue In the following tables, net revenue is disaggregated by geographic region and sales channel. The Company conducts business across three geographic regions: Americas; Europe, Middle-East and Africa (“EMEA”); and Asia Pacific ("APAC"). The tables also include reconciliations of the disaggregated revenue by reportable segment. The Company operates and reports in three segments: Arlo, Connected Home, and Small and Medium Business ("SMB"). Sales and usage-based taxes are excluded from net revenue.
_________________________ * As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method.
_________________________ * As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method. |