SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. Joint ventures which are not majority controlled are accounted for by the equity method of accounting with earnings of $2.6 million, $2.5 million, and $2.1 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010 respectively, included in other operating (income) expense, net, on the accompanying consolidated statement of income. Investments in joint ventures are included in deferred charges and other assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

In connection with the implementation of an enterprise resource planning system during 2012, the Company recorded adjustments primarily to cost of goods sold during the fourth quarter in order to align the application of certain accounting practices among the business segments. These adjustments substantially offset one another in the Company's consolidated financial statements. The $2.1 million consolidated expense is disaggregated by reportable segment in Note 21.

Estimates and assumptions required: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Translation of foreign currencies: The Company considers the local currency to be the functional currency for substantially all foreign subsidiaries. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate as of the balance sheet date. All revenue and expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates in effect during the year. Translation gains or losses are recorded in the foreign currency translation component in accumulated other comprehensive loss in shareholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction losses of $1.7 million, $1.9 million, and $0.9 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010 respectively, are included as a component of other operating (income) expense, net. Additionally in 2011 and 2010, foreign currency transaction losses of $1.8 million and $2.6 million, respectively, are included as a component of other non-operating (income) expense, net. There were no foreign currency transaction losses in 2012.

Revenue recognition: Sales and related costs of products sold are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title and risk of ownership have been transferred to the customer, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. These conditions are typically fulfilled upon shipment of products. All costs associated with revenue, including customer volume discounts, are recognized at the time of sale. Customer volume discounts are accrued in accordance with current authoritative accounting guidance and recorded as a reduction to sales. Shipping and handling costs are classified as a component of costs of products sold while amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling are classified as a component of sales. The Company accrues for estimated warranty costs when specific issues are identified and the amounts are determinable.

Environmental cost: The Company is involved in a number of environmental related disputes and claims. The Company accrues environmental costs when it is probable that these costs will be incurred and can be reasonably estimated. The Company’s reserve for environmental liabilities at December 31, 2012 and 2011 was $7.9 million and $7.5 million, respectively. The Company made no adjustments to the reserve accounts and costs which were directly expensed for environmental remediation matters resulted in charges to the income statements for each of the years 2012, 2011, and 2010. There were no third party reimbursements for any of the years presented.

Research and development: Research and development expenditures are expensed as incurred.

Facility consolidation and other costs: Facility consolidation and other costs are recognized when the liability is incurred. The Company calculates severance obligations based on its standard customary practices. Accordingly, the Company records provisions for severance when probable and estimable and the Company has committed to the facility consolidation plan. In the absence of a standard customary practice or established local practice for locations outside the U.S., liabilities for severance are recognized when incurred. If fixed assets are to be disposed of as a result of the Company’s facility consolidation efforts, the assets are written off when the Company commits to dispose of them and they are no longer in use. Depreciation is accelerated on fixed assets for the period of time the asset continues to be used until the asset ceases to be used. Other facility consolidation costs, including costs to relocate equipment, are generally recorded as the service is provided.

Estimates of facility consolidation and other program costs and related cash charges are based on the Company’s best estimates at December 31, 2012. Although the Company does not anticipate significant changes, the actual costs may differ from estimates due to subsequent events. As such, additional costs and further fixed asset write-downs may be required in future periods.

Cash and cash equivalents: The Company considers all highly liquid temporary investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents include certificates of deposit that can be readily liquidated without penalty at the Company’s option. Cash equivalents are carried at cost which approximates fair market value.

Accounts receivable: Trade accounts receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect, which is net of an allowance for sales returns and the estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The following factors are considered when determining the collectability of specific customer accounts: customer creditworthiness, past transaction history with the customer, and changes in customer payment terms or practices. In addition, overall historical collection experience, current economic industry trends, and a review of the current status of trade accounts receivable are considered when determining the required allowance for doubtful accounts. Based on management’s assessment, the Company provides for estimated uncollectible amounts through a charge to earnings and a credit to allowance for doubtful accounts. Balances that remain outstanding after the Company has used reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the allowance for doubtful accounts and a credit to accounts receivable. Accounts receivable are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $29.6 million and $30.5 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Inventory valuation: Inventories are valued at the lower of cost, as determined by the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, or market. Inventory values using the FIFO method of accounting approximate replacement cost. Inventories are summarized at December 31, as follows:



(in millions)	2012		2011
Raw materials and supplies	$	210.7	$	225.2
Work in process and finished goods	451.2		420.8
Total inventories	$	661.9	$	646.0

Property and equipment: Property and equipment are stated at cost. Maintenance and repairs that do not improve efficiency or extend economic life are expensed as incurred. Plant and equipment are depreciated for financial reporting purposes principally using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of assets as follows: land improvements, 15-30 years; buildings, 15-45 years; leasehold and building improvements, the lesser of the lease term or 8-20 years; and machinery and equipment, 3-16 years. For tax purposes, the Company generally uses accelerated methods of depreciation. The tax effect of the difference between book and tax depreciation has been provided as deferred income taxes. Depreciation expense was $187.6 million, $203.1 million, and $191.6 million for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. On sale or retirement, the asset cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any related gain or loss is reflected in income. Interest costs, which are capitalized during the construction of major capital projects, totaled $0.1 million in 2012, $0.1 million in 2011, and zero in 2010.

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. If impairment indicators are present and the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets, the carrying values are reduced to the estimated fair value.

The Company capitalizes direct costs (internal and external) of materials and services used in the development and purchase of internal-use software. Amounts capitalized are amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of three to twelve years and are reported as a component of machinery and equipment within property and equipment.

The Company is in the process of developing and implementing a new Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. Certain costs incurred during the application development stage have been capitalized in accordance with authoritative accounting guidance related to accounting for costs of computer software developed or obtained for internal use. These costs are amortized over the system’s estimated useful life as the ERP system is placed in service. Capitalized costs for this new ERP system were approximately $90 million as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.

Goodwill: Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but are reviewed for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an impairment indicator, using a fair-value based approach. The Company conducts its annual impairment evaluation in the fourth quarter of each year. No impairment was indicated for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, or 2010, nor does the Company have any accumulated impairment losses. The recoverability of goodwill is measured using a two step process. Step one of the test compared the fair value of each reporting unit to its book value. Step two, which compares the book value of the goodwill to its implied fair value, was not necessary since there were no indicators of potential impairment from step one.

Intangible assets: Contractual or separable intangible assets that have finite useful lives are amortized against income using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, with original periods ranging from one to thirty years. The straight-line method of amortization reflects an appropriate allocation of the costs of the intangible assets to earnings in proportion to the amount of economic benefits obtained by the Company in each reporting period. The Company tests finite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever there is an impairment indicator. Intangible assets are tested for impairment by comparing anticipated undiscounted future cash flows from operations to net book value.

Financial instruments: The Company recognizes all derivative instruments on the balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are adjusted to fair value through income. Depending on the nature of derivatives designated as hedging instruments, changes in the fair value are either offset against the change in fair value of the hedged assets, liabilities, or firm commitments through earnings or recognized in shareholders’ equity through other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized. Gains or losses, if any, related to the ineffective portion of any hedge are recognized through earnings in the current period.

Note 8 contains expanded details relating to specific derivative instruments included on the Company’s balance sheet, such as forward foreign currency exchange contracts, currency swap contracts, and interest rate swap arrangements.

Other liabilities and deferred credits: Other liabilities and deferred credits balances include non-current pension and other postretirement liability amounts of $218.9 million and $243.4 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Treasury stock: Treasury stock purchases are stated at cost and presented as a separate reduction of shareholders’ equity. The Company did not purchase any shares of common stock during 2012. During 2011, the Company purchased 5.0 million shares of common stock in the open market for $161.1 million. During 2010, the Company purchased 1.5 million shares of common stock in the open market for $45.7 million. At December 31, 2012, 4.5 million common shares can be repurchased, at management’s discretion, under authority granted by the Company’s Board of Directors in 2011.

Reclassifications: Certain prior year amounts in the prior year were reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. In particular, other current liabilities are now presented as a separate line item within the consolidated balance sheet. This reclassification also changed amounts within operating activities in the 2011 and 2010 consolidated statement of cash flows. Previously reported amounts for total current liabilities and cash provided by operating activities did not change as a result of this reclassification.