Derivative Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Note 14. Derivative Instruments

Financial derivatives are reported at fair value in other assets or other liabilities. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship. For derivatives not designated as hedges, the gain or loss is recognized in current earnings.

Non-hedge derivatives

Pinnacle Financial enters into interest rate swaps (swaps) to facilitate customer transactions and meet their financing needs. Upon entering into these instruments to meet customer needs, Pinnacle Financial enters into offsetting positions in order to minimize the risk to Pinnacle Financial. These swaps qualify as derivatives, but are not designated as hedging instruments.

Interest rate swap contracts involve the risk of dealing with counterparties and their ability to meet contractual terms. When the fair value of a derivative instrument contract is positive, this generally indicates that the counter party or customer owes Pinnacle Financial, and results in credit risk to Pinnacle Financial. When the fair value of a derivative instrument contract is negative, Pinnacle Financial owes the customer or counterparty and therefore, Pinnacle Financial has no credit risk.

A summary of Pinnacle Financial's interest rate swaps to facilitate customer transactions as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 is included in the following table (in thousands):


	December 31, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Interest rate swap agreements:
Assets	$	1,296,389	$	43,507	$	1,059,724	$	22,273
Liabilities	1,296,389		(43,715)		1,059,724		(22,401)
Total	$	2,592,778	$	(208)	$	2,119,448	$	(128)


		Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
	Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income	Year ended December 31,
				2019			2018			2017
Interest rate swap agreements	Other noninterest income	$	(80)		$	(33)		$	39

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the aggregate fair value of the derivative instrument is recorded in other assets or other liabilities with any gain or loss related to changes in fair value recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax. The gain or loss is reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged asset or liability affects earnings and is presented in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged asset or liability. Pinnacle Financial uses forward cash flow hedge relationships in an effort to manage future interest rate exposure. The hedging strategy converts the LIBOR-based variable interest rate on forecasted borrowings to a fixed interest rate and is used in an effort to protect Pinnacle Financial from floating interest rate variability. During 2019, Pinnacle Financial paid $92.9 million to purchase interest rate floors with notional amounts totaling $2.8 billion to mitigate the impact of declining interest rates on LIBOR-based variable rate loans. A summary of Pinnacle Financial's cash flow hedge relationships as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows (in thousands):


					December 31, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Balance Sheet Location	Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (In Years)	Weighted Average Pay Rate	Receive Rate	Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value


Asset derivatives
Interest rate floor - loans	Other assets	3.50	N/A	2.25%-2.75% minus 1 month LIBOR	$	2,800,000	$	87,422	$	—	$	—
Liability derivatives
Interest rate swaps - borrowings	Other liabilities	2.34	3.09%	3 month LIBOR	$	99,000	$	(3,312)	$	99,000	$	(1,757)

The effects of Pinnacle Financial's cash flow hedge relationships on the statement of comprehensive income (loss) during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:


	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income
	Years ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Asset derivatives
Interest rate floor - loans	$	(1,432)	$	—	$	—
Liability derivatives
Interest rate swaps - borrowings	$	(1,149)	$	2,660	$	2,487
	$	(2,581)	$	2,660	$	2,487

The cash flow hedges were determined to be highly effective during the periods presented and as a result qualify for hedge accounting treatment. If a hedge was deemed to be ineffective, the amount included in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income would be reclassified into a line item within the statement of income that impacts operating results. The hedge would no longer be considered effective if a portion of the hedge becomes ineffective, the item hedged is no longer in existence or Pinnacle Financial discontinues hedge accounting. Pinnacle Financial expects the hedges to continue to be highly effective and qualify for hedge accounting during the remaining terms of the swaps. Losses on cash flow hedges totaling $1.6 million, net of tax, were reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into net income during the year ended December 31, 2019. Gains on cash flow hedges totaling $657,000 and $347,000, net of tax, were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income during the years ended Decemeber 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Approximately $826,000 in unrealized gains, net of tax, are expected to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income over the next twelve months related to previously terminated cash flow hedges. On October 24, 2018, cash flow swaps with a notional amount of $101.0 million were terminated resulting in a cash settlement equal to previously unrealized gains of $1.0 million. These gains are included in accumulated other comprehensive income and are being amortized into net income over the remaining contractual terms of the swaps.

Derivatives designated as fair value hedges

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. The gain or loss on the derivative instrument is presented on the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. Pinnacle Financial utilizes interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges to mitigate the effect of changing interest rates on the fair values of fixed rate callable securities available-for-sale. The hedging strategy on securities converts the fixed interest rates to LIBOR-based variable interest rates. These derivatives are designated as partial term hedges of selected cash flows covering specified periods of time prior to the call dates of the hedged securities.

A summary of Pinnacle Financial's fair value hedge relationships as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows (in thousands):


					December 31, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Balance Sheet Location	Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (In Years)	Weighted Average Pay Rate	Receive Rate	Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Liability derivatives
Interest rate swap agreements - securities	Other liabilities	7.04	3.08%	3 month LIBOR	$	477,905	$	(40,778)	$	477,905	$	(14,796)
Interest rate swap agreements - loans	Other liabilities	—	—%	3 month LIBOR	—		—		900,000		(7,037)
		7.04	3.08%		$	477,905	$	(40,778)	$	1,377,905	$	(21,833)

The effects of Pinnacle Financial's fair value hedge relationships on the income statement during the years end December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:


	Location of Gain on Derivative	Amount of Gain Recognized in Income
				Year ended December 31,
Liability derivatives				2019			2018			2017
Interest rate swap agreements - securities	Interest income on securities	$	(25,982)		$	(14,796)		$	—
Interest rate swap agreements - loans	Interest income on loans	$	(6,915)		$	(7,037)		$	—


	Location of Loss on Hedged Item	Amount of Loss Recognized in Income
				Years ended December 31,
Liability derivatives				2019			2018			2017
Interest rate swap agreements - securities	Interest income on securities	$	25,982		$	14,796		$	—
Interest rate swap agreements - loans	Interest income on loans	$	6,915		$	7,037		$	—

The following amounts were recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges at December 31, 2019 and 2018:


	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets						Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets
	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2018		December 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Line item on the balance sheet
Securities available-for-sale	$	551,789	$	529,859	$	40,778	$	14,796
Loans ⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	907,037	$	—	$	7,037

(1)The carrying amount as shown represents the designated last-of-layer. At December 31, 2018, the total amortized cost basis of the closed portfolio of loans designated in these hedging relationships was $2.7 billion.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, a fair value hedging relationship on loans was unwound resulting in a swap termination payment to the counterparty of approximately $14.0 million. The corresponding loan fair value hedging adjustment as of the date of termination is being amortized over the remaining lives of the designated loans. During the year ended December 31, 2019, amortization expense totaling $2.7 million was recognized as a reduction to interest income on loans.