GOODWILL

In accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 350-20, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other”, goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year or more frequently if certain indicators arise. If business conditions or other factors cause the operating results and cash flows of a reporting unit to decline, the company may be required to record impairment charges for goodwill at that time. The company tests goodwill for impairment at a level of reporting referred to as a reporting unit, which is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment (referred to as a component). A component of an operating segment is a reporting unit if the component constitutes a business for which discrete financial information is available and segment management regularly reviews the operating results of that component. When two or more components of an operating segment have similar economic characteristics, the components are aggregated and deemed a single reporting unit. An operating segment is deemed to be a reporting unit if all of its components are similar, if none of its components are a reporting unit, or if the segment comprises only a single component.

Annual Impairment Analysis

In September 2011, the FASB issued revised guidance which allows entities to perform an initial qualitative evaluation to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The results of this qualitative assessment determine whether it is necessary to perform step one of the required two-step impairment test. As allowed by the revised guidance, the company has elected to bypass the qualitative assessment for fiscal year 2015 and proceed directly to the two-step impairment test.

Excluding the qualitative evaluation discussed above, the goodwill impairment review is a two-step process. Step one consists of a comparison of the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment loss may be recognized if the review indicates that the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value. Estimates of fair value are primarily determined by using discounted cash flows and market multiples on earnings. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, step two requires the fair value of the reporting unit to be allocated to the underlying assets and liabilities of that reporting unit, resulting in an implied fair value of goodwill. If the carrying amount of the goodwill of the reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value, an impairment charge is recorded equal to the excess.

The impairment review is highly judgmental and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions have a significant impact on the amount of any impairment charge recorded. Discounted cash flow methods are dependent upon assumptions of future sales trends, market conditions and cash flows of each reporting unit over several years. Actual cash flows in the future may differ significantly from those previously forecasted.

Sales of the company’s primary military program wound down to insignificant levels in 2015. Additionally, the U.S. Army awarded a new contract for the production of the Joint Light Tactical Vehicle to Oshkosh for which the company will supply wheel-ends. Revenue will be significantly less than if the program had been awarded differently and the company was supplying its ProTec independent suspension. The company continues to work toward securing participation in additional military programs; however based on sales expectations for currently awarded programs, the company's fair value of the Defense business did not exceed its carrying value. Since the fair value of the business did not exceed the implied fair value of its net assets without goodwill enough to support the full amount of goodwill, the company's Defense reporting unit, which is included in the Commercial Truck and Industrial segment, recorded a goodwill impairment of $15 million in the fourth quarter of 2015. The fair value of the other reporting units exceeded their carrying values. For fiscal years 2014 and 2013, the fair value of all of the company’s reporting units exceeded their carrying values.

A summary of the changes in the carrying value of goodwill is presented below (in millions):



	Commercial Truck & Industrial			Aftermarket & Trailer			Total
Balance at September 30, 2013	$	262		$	172		$	434
Foreign currency translation	(1		)	(2		)	(3		)
Balance at September 30, 2014	261			170			431
Impairment	(15		)	—			(15		)
Foreign currency translation	(7		)	(7		)	(14		)
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	239		$	163		$	402

Reorganization of Reporting Units

As discussed in Note 24, the company reorganized its management reporting structure during fiscal year 2015, resulting in three operating segments. As a result of the change in operating segments, the company's goodwill reporting units changed. The Commercial Truck and Industrial segment now contains three reporting units. The Aftermarket and Trailer segment remains a single reporting unit. Goodwill was reassigned to the goodwill reporting units using a relative fair value allocation. Goodwill was tested again after allocation and no additional impairment was required.