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NATURE OF ACTIVITIES AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
NATURE OF ACTIVITIES AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  
Basis of Presentation

The Company prepares its unaudited consolidated financial statements on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

Correction of an Error

The derivative liability in the Company’s December 31, 2022 balance sheet presented herein has been corrected to $2,172,417 from $2,334,377 from the Company’s Form 10-K which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 17, 2023. The error was a typographical error made in that single line item and it did not impact any other financial statement balances including total liabilities, net income, earnings per share, or management compensation.

Use of Estimates

In order to prepare unaudited consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, management must make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the unaudited consolidated financial statements and determines whether contingent assets and liabilities, if any, are disclosed in the unaudited consolidated financial statements. The ultimate resolution of issues requiring these estimates and assumptions could differ significantly from resolution currently anticipated by management and on which the financial statements are based.

Principles of Consolidation

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DynaResource, Inc., as well as DynaResource de México, S.A. de C.V. (100% ownership), DynaResource Operaciones S.A. de C.V. (100% ownership) and Mineras de DynaResource S.A. de C.V. (100% ownership). All significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated. All amounts are presented in U.S. Dollars unless otherwise stated.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At times, cash balances may be in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. As of June 30, 2023, the Company has $14,388,760 in deposits in U.S. banks in excess of the FDIC limit. The Company reduces this risk by maintaining such deposits at high quality financial institutions that management believes are creditworthy.

Accounts Receivable and Allowances for Doubtful Accounts

The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon its customers’ financial condition and payment history, and its historical collection experience and expected collectability. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, no allowance has been deemed necessary.

Foreign Tax Receivable

Foreign Tax Receivable is comprised of recoverable value-added taxes (“IVA”) charged by the Mexican government on goods and services rendered. Under certain circumstances, these taxes are recoverable by filing a tax return. Amounts paid for IVA are tracked and held as receivables until the funds are remitted.

Inventory

Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value and consist of mined tonnage, gravity and flotation concentrates, and gravity tailings or flotation feed material.

Exploration Stage Issuer

The definitions of Measured Mineral Resource, Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource are set forth in SEC Regulation S-K, Item 1300 (“Reg. S-K, Item 1300”).

 

Measured mineral resource is that part of a mineral resource for which quantity and grade or quality are estimated on the basis of conclusive geological evidence and sampling. The level of geological certainty associated with a measured mineral resource is sufficient to allow a qualified person to apply modifying factors in sufficient detail to support detailed mine planning and final evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. Because a measured mineral resource has a higher level of confidence than the level of confidence of either an indicated mineral resource or an inferred mineral resource, a measured mineral resource may be converted to a proven mineral reserve or to a probable mineral reserve.

Mineral reserve is an estimate of tonnage and grade or quality of indicated and measured mineral resources that, in the opinion of the qualified person, can be the basis of an economically viable project. More specifically, it is the economically mineable part of a measured or indicated mineral resource, which includes diluting materials and allowances for losses that may occur when the material is mined or extracted.

 

Mineral resource is a concentration or occurrence of material of economic interest in or on the Earth’s crust in such form, grade or quality, and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for economic extraction. A mineral resource is a reasonable estimate of mineralization, taking into account relevant factors such as cut-off grade, likely mining dimensions, location or continuity, that, with the assumed and justifiable technical and economic conditions, is likely to, in whole or in part, become economically extractable. It is not merely an inventory of all mineralization drilled or sampled.

 

As of June 30, 2023, the Company meets the definition of an exploration stage issuer which is defined as an issuer that has no material property with established proven and probable mineral reserves as defined by Regulation S-K, Item 1300.

Property, Plant & Equipment

Substantially all property, plant and equipment at the Company’s mines, including design, engineering, mine construction, and installation of equipment are expensed as incurred, as the Company has not established proven and probable reserves on any of its properties. Only certain types of mining equipment which have alternative uses or significant salvage value, may be capitalized without proven and probable reserves.

 

Office furniture and equipment are depreciated on a straight-line method over estimated economic lives ranging from 3 to 5 years. Leasehold improvements, which relate to the Company’s corporate office, are being amortized over the term of the lease of 10 years. As of June 30, 2023, all property, plant and equipment are fully depreciated or amortized.

 

Design, Construction, and Development Costs: Mine development costs include engineering and metallurgical studies, drilling and other related costs to delineate an ore body, the removal of overburden to initially expose an ore body at open pit surface mines, and the building of access ways, shafts, lateral access, drifts, ramps and other infrastructure at underground mines.

 

When proven and probable reserves (as defined by Reg. S-K, Item 1300) exist, development costs are capitalized. Mine development costs incurred either to develop new ore deposits, expand the capacity of operating mines, or to develop mine areas substantially in advance of current production would also be capitalized. Costs of start-up activities and costs incurred to maintain current production or to maintain assets on a standby basis are charged to operations as incurred. Costs of abandoned projects are charged to operations upon abandonment. All capitalized costs would be amortized using the units of production method over the estimated life of the ore body based on recoverable ounces to be mined from proven and probable reserves.

 

Certain costs to design and construct mining and processing facilities may be incurred prior to establishing proven and probable reserves. As no proven and probable reserves have been established on any of the Company’s properties, the design, construction and development costs are not capitalized at any of the Company’s properties, and accordingly, substantially all such costs are expensed as incurred, resulting in the Company reporting higher operating costs than if such expenditures had been capitalized. Additionally, the Company does not have a corresponding depreciation or amortization of these costs going forward since such costs were expensed as incurred as opposed to being capitalized. As a result of these and other differences, the Company’s financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of mining companies that have established reserves.

Mineral Properties Interests

Mineral property interests include acquired interests in development and exploration stage properties and are considered tangible assets. The amount capitalized relating to a mineral property interest represents its fair value at the time of acquisition. Mining properties consist of 33 mining concessions covering approximately 9,920 hectares at the San José de Gracia property.  If it is determined that the deferred costs related to a property are not recoverable over its productive life, those costs will be written down to fair value as a charge to operations in the period in which the determination is made. The amounts at which mineral properties and the related costs are recorded do not necessarily reflect present or future values.

Impairment of Assets: The Company reviews and evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Mineral properties are monitored for impairment based on factors such as mineral prices, government regulation and taxation, the Company’s continued right to explore the area, exploration reports, assays, technical reports, drill results and its continued plans to fund exploration programs on the property.

 

For operating mines, recoverability is measured by comparing the undiscounted future net cash flows to the net book value. When the net book value exceeds future net undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is measured and recorded based on the excess of the net book value over fair value. Fair value for operating mines is determined using a combined approach, which uses a discounted cash flow model for the existing operations and a market approach for the fair value assessment of exploration land claims. Future cash flows are estimated based on quantities of recoverable mineralized material, expected gold and silver prices (considering current and historical prices, trends and related factors), production levels, operating costs, capital requirements and reclamation costs, all based on life-of-mine plans. The term “recoverable mineralized material” refers to the estimated amount of gold or other commodities that will be obtained after considering losses during processing and treatment of mineralized material. In estimating future cash flows, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of future cash flows from other asset groups. The Company’s estimates of future cash flows are based on numerous assumptions, and it is possible that actual future cash flows will be significantly different than the estimates, as actual future quantities of recoverable minerals, gold, and silver, commodity prices, production levels and costs and capital are each subject to significant risks and uncertainties.

 

The recoverability of the book value of each property will be assessed annually for indicators of impairment such as adverse changes to any of the following:

 

·

estimated recoverable ounces of gold, silver or other precious minerals;

·

estimated future commodity prices;

·

estimated expected future operating costs, capital expenditures and reclamation expenditures.

 

A write-down to fair value will be recorded when the expected future cash flow is less than the net book value of the property, or when events or changes in the property indicate that carrying amounts are not recoverable. This analysis will be completed as needed. As of the date of this filing, no events have occurred that would require the write-down of any assets. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, no indications of impairment existed.

Asset Retirement Obligation

As the Company is not obligated to remediate the mining properties, no Asset Retirement Obligation (“ARO”) has been established. Changes in regulations or laws, any instances of non-compliance with laws or regulations that result in fines, or any unforeseen environmental contamination could result in a material impact to the amounts charged to operations for reclamation and remediation. Significant judgments and estimates are made when estimating the fair value of AROs. Expected cash flows relating to AROs could occur over long periods of time and the assessment of the extent of environmental remediation work is highly subjective. Considering all of these factors that go into the determination of an ARO, the fair value of the AROs can materially change over time.

Property Holding Costs

Holding costs to maintain a property on a care and maintenance basis are expensed in the period they are incurred. These costs include security and maintenance expenses, lease and claim fees and payments, and environmental monitoring and reporting costs.

Exploration Costs

Exploration costs, including exploration, development, direct field costs and related administrative costs are expensed in the period incurred.

Leases

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842, which requires recognition of a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all leases at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding the Company’s leasing arrangements are also required. The Company adopted ASC 842 prospectively and elected the package of transition practical expedients that does not require reassessment of (1) whether any existing or expired contracts are or contain leases, (2) lease classification and (3) initial direct costs. In addition, the Company has elected other available practical expedients to not separate lease and non-lease components, which consist principally of common area maintenance charges, for all classes of underlying assets and to exclude leases with an initial term of 12 months or less.

Transactions in and Translations of Foreign Currency

The functional currency for the subsidiaries of the Company is the Mexican Peso. As a result, the financial statements of the subsidiaries have been translated from Mexican Pesos into U.S. dollars using (i) year-end exchange rates for balance sheet accounts, and (ii) the weighted average exchange rate of the reporting period for all income statement accounts. Foreign currency translation gains and losses are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss).

 

The unaudited financial statements of the subsidiaries should not be construed as representations that Mexican Pesos have been, could have been or may in the future be converted into U.S. dollars at such rates or any other rates.

 

Relevant exchange rates used in the preparation of the unaudited financial statements for the subsidiaries are as follows for the periods ended June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022 (Mexican Pesos per one U.S. dollar):

 

 

 

June 30,

2023

 

 

December

31, 2022

 

Current Exchange Rate

 

 

17.12

 

 

 

19.48

 

 

Relevant exchange rates used in the preparation of the income statement portion of unaudited financial statements for the subsidiaries are as follows for the periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (Mexican Pesos per one U.S. dollar):

 

 

 

June 30,

2023

 

 

June 30,

2022

 

Weighted Average Exchange Rate for the Six Months Ended     

 

 

18.17

 

 

 

20.27

 

 

The Company recorded currency transaction gains of $34,227 and $37,790 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740 “Income Taxes” using the liability method, recognizing certain temporary differences between the financial reporting basis of liabilities and assets and the related income tax basis for such liabilities and assets. This method generates either a net deferred income tax liability or asset for the Company, as measured by the statutory tax rates in effect. The Company derives the deferred income tax charge or benefit by recording the change in either the net deferred income tax liability or asset balance for the year. The Company records a valuation allowance against any portion of those deferred income tax assets when it believes, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax asset will not be realized.

 

Income from the Company’s subsidiaries in México is taxed in accordance with applicable Mexican tax law and enacted rates.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

ASC 220 “Comprehensive Income” establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components in a full set of general-purpose financial statements. The Company’s comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), consisting of unrealized net gains and losses on the translation of the assets and liabilities of its foreign operations.

Revenue Recognition

The Company follows ASC 606 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. The Company generates revenue by selling gold and silver concentrate material produced from its mining operations. The Company recognizes revenue for gold and silver concentrate production, net of treatment and refining costs, when it satisfies the performance obligation of transferring control of the concentrate to the customer. This is generally when the material is delivered to the customer facility for treatment and processing, as the customer has the ability (upon such delivery) to direct the use of and obtain substantially all the remaining benefits from the material and the customer has the risk of loss.

 

The amount of revenue recognized is initially recorded on a provisional basis based on the contract price and the estimated metal quantities based on assay data. The revenue is adjusted upon final settlement of the sale. The chief risk associated with the recognition of sales on a provisional basis is the fluctuation (if any) between the estimated quantities of precious metals base on the initial assay and the actual recovery from treatment and processing.

 

As of June 30, 2023, there are $10,000,000 in customer deposit liabilities for payments received in advance, all of which are expected to be settled, by the delivery of product, in the third quarter of 2023.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, and the year ended December 31, 2022, there was $9,350,000 and $9,250,000, respectively of revenue recognized during the period from customer deposit liabilities (deferred contract revenue) from prior periods, and no customer deposits were refunded to the customer due to order cancellation.

 

Shipping and handling costs are considered fulfillment costs after the customer obtains control of the goods.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, receivables, payables and long-term debt. Cash, receivables and payables approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these items.   As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no long-term assets or liabilities, measured at their estimated fair value.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Earnings (loss) per share, attributable to the common equity holders of DynaResource, are calculated in accordance with ASC 260 “Earnings per Share”. The weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period is used to compute basic earnings (loss) per share. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding. Potentially dilutive common shares are additional common shares assumed to be exercised. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of stock warrants and convertible preferred shares and are excluded from diluted earnings (loss) per share computation in periods where the Company has incurred a net loss attributable to the common equity holders or where the average stock price was below the exercise price of the respective potentially dilutive common share, as their effect would be considered anti-dilutive.   For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company had 3,518,540 of potentially dilutive common shares that have been excluded from diluted earnings per share, as their effect would be considered anti-dilutive due to the net loss for the quarter attributable to the common equity holders.

Related Party Transactions

ASC 850, “Related Party Disclosures” requires companies to include in their financial statements, disclosures of material related party transactions. The Company discloses all material related party transactions. A party is considered to be related to the Company if the party directly or indirectly or through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. A party is also a related party if it can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or if it has an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests.