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Revenues
 9 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenues Revenues
Disaggregation of Revenue
Subscription and Support Revenue by the Company's Service Offerings
Subscription and support revenues consisted of the following (in millions):
 Three Months Ended October 31,Nine Months Ended October 31,
 2024202320242023
Sales $2,119 $1,906 $6,188 $5,611 
Service 2,288 2,074 6,727 6,087 
Platform and Other 1,825 1,686 5,329 4,891 
Marketing and Commerce1,334 1,230 3,924 3,638 
Integration and Analytics (1) 1,313 1,245 4,060 3,562 
$8,879 $8,141 $26,228 $23,789 
(1) In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024, the Company renamed the service offering previously referred to as Data to Integration and Analytics, which includes Mulesoft and Tableau.
Total Revenue by Geographic Locations
Revenues by geographical region consisted of the following (in millions):
 Three Months Ended October 31,Nine Months Ended October 31,
 2024202320242023
Americas$6,220 $5,862 $18,483 $17,113 
Europe2,228 1,998 6,557 5,923 
Asia Pacific996 860 2,862 2,534 
$9,444 $8,720 $27,902 $25,570 
Revenues by geography are determined based on the region of the Company's contracting entity, which may be different than the region of the customer. Americas revenue attributed to the United States was approximately 93 percent during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023. No other country represented more than ten percent of total revenue during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.
Contract Balances
Contract Assets
The Company records a contract asset when revenue recognized on a contract exceeds the billings. Contract assets were $948 million as of October 31, 2024 as compared to $758 million as of January 31, 2024, and are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and deferred tax assets and other assets, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Unearned Revenue
Unearned revenue represents amounts that have been invoiced in advance of revenue recognition and is recognized as revenue when transfer of control to customers has occurred or services have been provided. The unearned revenue balance does not represent the total contract value of annual or multi-year, noncancellable subscription agreements. The unearned revenue balance is influenced by several factors, including seasonality, the compounding effects of renewals, invoice duration, invoice timing, dollar size and new business linearity within the quarter.
The change in unearned revenue was as follows (in millions):
Three Months Ended October 31,Nine Months Ended October 31,
2024202320242023
Unearned revenue, beginning of period$15,222 $14,237 $19,003 $17,376 
Billings and other (1)7,620 6,876 22,158 20,536 
Contribution from contract asset63 167 189 218 
Revenue recognized over time(9,023)(8,249)(26,446)(24,264)
Revenue recognized at a point in time(421)(471)(1,456)(1,306)
Unearned revenue from business combinations11 4 24 4 
Unearned revenue, end of period$13,472 $12,564 $13,472 $12,564 
(1) Other includes, for example, the impact of foreign currency translation.
The majority of revenue recognized for these services is from the beginning of period unearned revenue balance.
Revenue recognized over time primarily includes Cloud Services subscription and support revenue, which is generally recognized ratably over time, and professional services and other revenue, which is generally recognized ratably or as delivered.
Revenue recognized at a point in time substantially consists of term software licenses.
Remaining Performance Obligation
Remaining performance obligation represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized and includes unearned revenue and unbilled amounts that will be recognized as revenue in future periods. The transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligation is based on SSP. Remaining performance obligation is influenced by several factors, including seasonality, the timing of renewals, the timing of term license deliveries, average contract terms and foreign currency exchange rates. Remaining performance obligation is also impacted by acquisitions. Unbilled portions of the remaining performance obligation denominated in foreign currencies are revalued each period based on the period end exchange rates. Remaining performance obligation is subject to future economic risks, including bankruptcies, regulatory changes and other market factors.
The Company excludes amounts related to performance obligations from professional services contracts that are billed and recognized on a time and materials basis.
The majority of the Company's noncurrent remaining performance obligation is expected to be recognized in the next 13 to 36 months.
Remaining performance obligation consisted of the following (in billions):
 CurrentNoncurrentTotal
As of October 31, 2024$26.4 $26.7 $53.1 
As of January 31, 2024$27.6 $29.3 $56.9