Income Taxes |
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Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Taxes | Income Taxes Federal Income Tax Reform In 2017, comprehensive changes in U.S. federal income taxes were enacted through legislation commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act made many significant modifications to the tax laws, including reducing the federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The Tax Act also eliminated federal bonus depreciation for utilities, limited interest deductibility for non-utility businesses and limited the deductibility of officer compensation. During 2020, the IRS issued final regulations related to certain officer compensation and, in January 2021, issued final regulations on interest deductibility that provide a 10% “de minimis” exception that allows entities with predominantly regulated activities to fully deduct interest expenses. In addition, in 2019, the IRS issued proposed regulations interpreting Tax Act amendments to depreciation provisions of the IRC that allow the Company to claim a bonus depreciation deduction on certain construction projects placed in service subsequent to the third quarter of 2017. As a result of the change in the federal income tax rate, the Company re-measured and adjusted its deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2017. The portion of that adjustment not related to PNM’s and TNMP’s regulated activities was recorded as a reduction in net deferred tax assets and an increase in income tax expense. The portion related to PNM’s and TNMP’s regulated activities was recorded as a reduction in net deferred tax liabilities and an increase in regulatory liabilities. Beginning February 2018, PNM’s NM 2016 Rate Case reflects the reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate, including amortization of excess deferred federal and state income taxes. In accordance with the order in that case, PNM is returning the protected portion of excess deferred federal income taxes to customers over the average remaining life of plant in service as of December 31, 2017, the unprotected portion of excess deferred federal income taxes to customers over a period of approximately twenty-three years, and excess deferred state income taxes to customers over a period of three years. The approved settlement in the TNMP 2018 Rate Case includes a reduction in customer rates to reflect the impacts of the Tax Act beginning on January 1, 2019. See additional discussion of PNM’s NM 2016 Rate Case and TNMP’s 2018 Rate Case in Note 17. In December 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”), which provided guidance to address the application of GAAP to reflect the Tax Act in circumstances where all information and analysis was not yet available or complete. This bulletin provided for a one-year period in which to complete the required analyses and accounting for the impacts of the Tax Act. In accordance with SAB 118, the Company completed its analysis of the impacts of the Tax Act in 2018. The adjustments to deferred income taxes resulting from completion of the Company’s analysis, which resulted primarily from differences between the estimated amounts recorded as of December 31, 2017 and the actual amounts reflected in the Company’s 2017 tax return filing, including adjustments resulting from additional guidance and interpretations to the Tax Act issued in 2018 related to bonus depreciation, certain incentive compensation, and other items are presented below:
As discussed in Note 17, the NM Supreme Court issued a decision in May 2019 on the appeal of the NM 2015 Rate Case resulting in pre-tax impairments of $150.6 million in the year ending December 31, 2019. The impairments were recognized as discrete items within regulatory disallowances and restructuring costs resulting in tax benefits of $45.7 million, which is reflected in income taxes on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the year ended December 31, 2019. PNMR PNMR’s income taxes (benefits) consist of the following components:
PNMR’s provision for income taxes (benefits) differed from the federal income tax computed at the statutory rate for each of the years shown. The differences are attributable to the following factors:
The components of PNMR’s net accumulated deferred income tax liability were:
The following table reconciles the change in PNMR’s net accumulated deferred income tax liability to the deferred income tax (benefit) included in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings:
PNM PNM’s income taxes (benefit) consist of the following components:
PNM’s provision for income taxes (benefit) differed from the federal income tax computed at the statutory rate for each of the years shown. The differences are attributable to the following factors:
The components of PNM’s net accumulated deferred income tax liability were:
The following table reconciles the change in PNM’s net accumulated deferred income tax liability to the deferred income tax (benefit) included in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings:
TNMP TNMP’s income taxes consist of the following components:
TNMP’s provision for income taxes differed from the federal income tax computed at the statutory rate for each of the periods shown. The differences are attributable to the following factors:
The components of TNMP’s net accumulated deferred income tax liability at December 31, were:
The following table reconciles the change in TNMP’s net accumulated deferred income tax liability to the deferred income tax (benefit) included in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings:
Other Disclosures The Company is required to recognize only the impact of tax positions that, based on their technical merits, are more likely than not to be sustained upon an audit by the taxing authority. A reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2020 are $10.7 million, $7.8 million, and $0.1 million that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate for PNMR, PNM, and TNMP. The Company does not anticipate that any unrecognized tax expenses or unrecognized tax benefits will be reduced or settled in 2021. PNMR, PNM, and TNMP had no estimated interest income or expense for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018. There was no accumulated accrued interest receivable or payable related to income taxes as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company files a federal consolidated and several consolidated and separate state income tax returns. The tax years prior to 2017 are closed to examination by either federal or state taxing authorities other than Arizona. The tax years prior to 2016 are closed to examination by Arizona taxing authorities. Other tax years are open to examination by federal and state taxing authorities and net operating loss carryforwards are open to examination for the years in which the carryforwards are utilized. At December 31, 2020, the Company has $222.1 million of federal net operating loss carryforwards that expire beginning in 2031 and $121.4 million of federal tax credit carryforwards that expire beginning in 2023. State net operating losses expire beginning in 2035 and vary from federal due to differences between state and federal tax law. The proposed Merger may impact the Company’s ability to utilize its federal net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. In 2008, fifty percent bonus tax depreciation was enacted as a temporary two-year stimulus measure as part of the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008. Bonus tax depreciation in various forms has been extended since that time, including by the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes Act of 2015. The 2015 act extended and phased-out bonus tax depreciation through 2019. As discussed above the Tax Act eliminated bonus depreciation for utilities effective September 28, 2017. However, in 2018 the IRS issued proposed regulations interpreting Tax Act amendments to depreciation provisions of the IRC which allowed the Company to claim a bonus depreciation deduction on certain construction projects placed in service after the third quarter of 2017. As a result of the net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes created by bonus depreciation, certain tax carryforwards were not expected to be utilized before their expiration. In addition, as a result of Tax Act changes to the deductibility of officer compensation, certain deferred tax benefits related to compensation are not expected to be realized. The Company has impaired the deferred tax assets for tax carryforwards which are not expected to be utilized and for compensation that is not expected to be deductible. The Company earns investment tax credits for construction or purchase of eligible property. The Company uses the deferral method of accounting for these investment tax credits. The impairments after reflecting the expiration of carryforwards under applicable tax laws, net of federal tax benefit, for 2018 through 2020 are as follows:
The impairments of unexpired state tax credits, state net operating loss, and charitable contribution carryforwards are reflected as a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets. The reserve balances, after reflecting expiration of carryforwards under applicable tax laws, at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
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