Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

Schedule of Share-based Compensation Expense

The following table reflects the impact of total compensation expense related to stock-based equity plans on the reported operating results for the respective periods (in millions):

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Effect on income (loss) before income taxes	$	(5	)	$	(3	)	$	(13	)	$	(5	)
Effect on net income (loss)	$	(4	)	$	(2	)	$	(10	)	$	(4	)

Schedule of Share-based Payment Awards, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions

The fair value of stock options was estimated using the Black Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions and weighted-average fair values during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:

	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
	2021	2020	2021		2020
Expected volatility	N/A	N/A	84.3% - 88.9%			73.5	%
Expected dividends	N/A	N/A		—		—
Expected term	N/A	N/A	3 - 6 years		6 years
Risk-free interest rate	N/A	N/A	0.3% - 0.9%			1.0	%

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity

Options outstanding and exercisable under the 2009 Plan as of June 30, 2021, and changes during each of the three-month periods following December 31, 2020, was as follows (in millions, except share and per share data):

						Weighted-	Aggregate
				Weighted-		Average	Intrinsic
				Average		Remaining	Value as of
				Exercise		Contractual	June 30,
	Shares			Price		Term	2021
Outstanding at December 31, 2020		1,817,525			8.77
Granted		749,250			8.81
Exercised		(65,165	)		4.97
Forfeited and cancelled		(173,189	)		34.66
Outstanding at March 31, 2021		2,328,421			6.96
Granted		—			—
Exercised		—			—
Forfeited and cancelled		(22,334	)		24.23
Outstanding at June 30, 2021		2,306,087		$	6.79	8.5 years	$	20
Exercisable at June 30, 2021		735,162		$	6.82	7.2 years	$	7

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Restricted Stock, Activity

Restricted stock outstanding under the 2009 Plan as of June 30, 2021, and changes during each of the three-month periods following December 31, 2020, was as follows:

				Weighted-
				Average Grant
	Shares			Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2020		4,555,735		$	4.84
Granted		2,829,250			7.97
Vested		(2,264,992	)		4.70
Forfeited		(37,334	)		4.94
Unvested at March 31, 2021		5,082,659			6.65
Granted		30,000			16.18
Vested		(17,335	)		3.48
Forfeited		(47,670	)		6.81
Unvested at June 30, 2021		5,047,654			6.72

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Restricted Stock Units, Activity

RSUs outstanding under the 2009 Plan as of June 30, 2021, and changes during each of the three-month periods following December 31, 2020, was as follows:

				Weighted-
				Average Grant
	Shares			Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2020		613,739		$	4.89
Granted		173,664			8.81
Vested		(247,164	)		4.81
Forfeited		—			—
Unvested at March 31, 2021		540,239			6.19
Granted		—			—
Vested		—			—
Forfeited		—			—
Unvested at June 30, 2021		540,239			6.19