Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Orchid Cellmark Inc.:

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-60582, No. 333-85550, No. 333-98825, No.333-105732, No. 333-111892, and No. 333-113981) and on Form S-8 (No. 333-126197, No. 333-53118, and No. 333-76744) of Orchid Cellmark Inc. of our reports dated May 19, 2006, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of Orchid Cellmark Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive loss, and cash flows for each of the years in the three–year period ended December 31, 2005, and the related financial statement schedule, management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, which reports appear in the December 31, 2005 annual report on Form 10-K of Orchid Cellmark Inc.

Our report dated May 19, 2006, on management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, expresses our opinion that Orchid Cellmark Inc. did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 because of the effect of material weaknesses on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria and contains an explanatory paragraph that states that material weaknesses were identified in the following areas: inadequate information and communication and inadequate policies and procedures to ensure that accurate and reliable interim and annual consolidated financial statements were prepared and reviewed on a timely basis.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Princeton, New Jersey

May 19, 2006