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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Note 14. Income Taxes

As of the third quarter of 2023, our estimated annual effective tax rate, which excludes discrete tax impacts, was 25.9%. This rate reflected the impact of unfavorable foreign provisions under U.S. tax laws as well as both favorable and unfavorable impacts from the mix of pre-tax income in various non-U.S. jurisdictions. Our 2023 third quarter effective tax rate was 26.6% and includes those same impacts. Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 of 27.1% was high due to a $127 million net tax expense incurred in connection with the KDP share sale during the first quarter (the earnings were reported separately on our statement of earnings and thus not included in earnings before income taxes). Excluding this impact, our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was 24.4%. The 24.4% rate included a $151 million net tax expense related to pre-tax gains and losses on KDP marketable securities ($201 million net tax expense in Q1 and $50 million net tax benefit in Q2).

As of the third quarter of 2022, our estimated annual effective tax rate, which excluded discrete tax impacts, was 24.0%. This rate reflected the impact of unfavorable foreign provisions under U.S. tax laws and our tax related to earnings from equity method investments (the earnings were reported separately on our statement of earnings and thus not included in earnings before income taxes), partially offset by favorable impacts from the mix of pre-tax income in various non-U.S. jurisdictions. The estimated annual effective tax rate also considered the impact of the establishment of a valuation allowance related to a deferred tax asset arising from the anticipated 2022 Ukraine loss as well as the expense related to the buyout of the Clif Bar ESOP that was recorded to third quarter earnings before income taxes with no associated income tax benefit, as any tax impacts are included in the tax purchase price. Our 2022 third quarter effective tax rate of 28.8% was high due to the Clif Bar ESOP expense. Excluding this impact, our third quarter effective tax rate of 19.9% was favorably impacted by discrete net tax benefits of $28 million. The discrete net tax benefit primarily consisted of a $43 million net benefit from the release of liabilities for uncertain tax positions due to expirations of statutes of limitations and audit settlements in several jurisdictions, partially offset by a $13 million expense from U.S. state tax law changes. Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 of 24.2% considered the unfavorable impacts of the Ukraine loss and the Clif Bar ESOP expense as well as favorable discrete net tax benefits of $92 million. The discrete net tax benefit primarily consisted of a $75 million net benefit from the release of liabilities for uncertain tax positions due to expirations of statutes of limitations and audit settlements in several jurisdictions and a $43 million net benefit from the Chipita acquisition, partially offset by $22 million expense from tax law changes in various jurisdictions.