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Stock Plans
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock Plans
Note 11. Stock Plans

Stock Options:
Stock option activity is reflected below:
 Shares Subject
to Option
Weighted-
Average
Exercise or
Grant Price
Per Share
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Balance at January 1, 202127,751,894 $39.515 years$527  million
Annual grant to eligible employees2,412,710 56.13
Additional options issued154,400 58.17
Total options granted2,567,110 56.25
Options exercised (1)
(4,880,357)34.41$124  million
Options canceled(461,521)48.89
Balance at September 30, 202124,977,126 42.065 years$405  million

(1)Cash received from options exercised was $21 million in the three months and $161 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The actual tax benefit realized and recorded in the provision for income taxes for the tax deductions from the option exercises totaled $2 million in the three months and $16 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Performance Share Units and Other Stock-Based Awards:
Our performance share unit, deferred stock unit and historically granted restricted stock activity is reflected below:
Number
of Shares
Grant Date
Weighted-Average
Fair Value
Per Share (3)
Weighted-Average
Aggregate
Fair Value (3)
Balance at January 1, 20214,896,990 $53.80
Annual grant to eligible employees:Feb 18, 2021
Performance share units903,250 59.35
Deferred stock units550,090 56.13
Additional shares granted (1)
1,144,950 Various53.68
Total shares granted2,598,290 56.17$146  million
Vested (2)
(2,372,833)49.75$118  million
Forfeited(304,382)57.32
Balance at September 30, 20214,818,065 56.85

(1)Includes performance share units and deferred stock units.
(2)The actual tax benefit/(expense) realized and recorded in the provision for income taxes for the tax deductions from the shares vested totaled less than $1 million in the three months and $6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
(3)The grant date fair value of performance share units is determined based on the Monte Carlo simulation model for the market-based total shareholder return component and the closing market price of the Company’s stock on the grant date for performance-based components. The Monte Carlo simulation model incorporates the probability of achieving the total shareholder return market condition. Compensation expense is recognized using the grant date fair values regardless of whether the market condition is achieved, so long as the requisite service has been provided.

Share Repurchase Program:
Between 2013 and 2017, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of a total of $13.7 billion of our Common Stock through December 31, 2018. On January 31, 2018, our Finance Committee, with authorization delegated from our Board of Directors, approved an increase of $6.0 billion in the share repurchase program, raising the authorization to $19.7 billion of Common Stock repurchases, and extended the program through December 31, 2020. On December 2, 2020, our Board of Directors approved an increase of $4.0 billion in the share repurchase program, raising the authorization to $23.7 billion of Common Stock repurchases, and extended the program through December 31, 2023. Repurchases under the program are determined by management and are wholly discretionary. Prior to January 1, 2021, we had repurchased approximately $18.0 billion of Common Stock pursuant to this authorization. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we repurchased approximately 31 million shares of Common Stock at an average cost of $58.72 per share, or an aggregate cost of approximately $1.8 billion, all of which was paid during the period. All share repurchases were funded through available cash and commercial paper issuances. As of September 30, 2021, we have approximately $4.0 billion in remaining share repurchase capacity.