Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

The Company measures its cash equivalents at fair value based on an expected exit price as defined by the authoritative guidance on fair value measurements, which represents the amount that would be received on the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability, as the case may be, in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis whereby inputs, used in valuation techniques, are assigned a hierarchical level. The following are the hierarchical levels of inputs to measure fair value:

•Level 1: Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•Level 2: Inputs reflect: quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

•Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to determine fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available.

Financial Assets and Liabilities

The carrying amount of cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature. The Company's assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by level, within the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, are summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	488,260	$	—	$	—	$	488,260
Total assets	$	488,260	$	—	$	—	$	488,260

Liabilities:
Contingent earn-out	$	—	$	—	$	6,026	$	6,026
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	6,026	$	6,026


	December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	328,195	$	—	$	—	$	—
Total assets	$	328,195	$	—	$	—	$	—

Liabilities:
Contingent earn-out	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

In determining fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as considers counterparty credit risk in its assessment of fair value. Observable or market inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect its assumptions based on the best information available.

The Company's money market funds are measured at fair value on a recurring basis based on quoted market prices in active markets and are classified as level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. The Company's contingent earn-out liability is measured at fair value on a recurring basis and is classified as level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. On a nonrecurring basis, the Company uses fair value measures when analyzing asset impairment. Long-lived tangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If it is determined such indicators are present and the review indicates that the assets will not be fully recoverable, based on undiscounted estimated cash flows over the remaining amortization periods, their carrying values are reduced to estimated fair value. The Company uses an income approach and inputs that constitute level 3.

As of September 30, 2021, the fair value of the Notes, as further described in Note 8 – Convertible Senior Notes and Capped Call Transactions above, was approximately $905.8 million. Management determines the fair value by utilizing an independent valuation specialist using the antithetic variable technique which is considered a level 2 fair value measurement.

The Company recorded a contingent earn-out of $2.4 million in December 2018 in connection with the acquisitions of Conversable, Inc. and AdvantageTec. The contingent earn-out is based on achieving certain targeted financial, strategic, and integration objectives. The unobservable inputs considered are probability factors and the time value of money. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the contingent earn-out decreased by $0.6 million due to a decrease in re-measurement to fair value of AdvantageTec, of approximately $0.3 million and payments of approximately $0.3 million in shares. During the first six months of 2021, the contingent earn-out increased by $0.1 million and then subsequently paid out in shares during the second quarter. During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the contingent earn-out of $6.0 million was added as a result of the acquisition of e-bot7. The earn-out is contingent upon achieving certain targeted objectives and milestones.

The changes in fair value of the level 3 liabilities are as follows:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
	(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of period	$	—	$	557
e-bot7 acquisition (Note 9)	6,026		—
AdvantageTec Inc. fair value adjustment	132		(263)
Payments	(132)		(294)
Balance, end of period	$	6,026	$	—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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