2. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Our customers are comprised of public utilities, municipalities, gas marketers and producers, direct industrial users, and electrical generators.

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service (or integrated package of goods or services) to the customer. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue, when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. A performance obligation is distinct if the service is separately identifiable from other items in the integrated package of products or services and if a customer can benefit from it on its own or with other resources that are readily available to the customer. Service revenue contracts contain a series of distinct services, with the majority of our contracts having a single performance obligation that is satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by our performance.

Certain customers reimburse us for costs we incur associated with construction of property, plant, and equipment utilized in our operations. As a rate-regulated entity applying ASC 980 "Regulated Operations" (Topic 980), we follow Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) guidelines with respect to reimbursement of construction costs. FERC tariffs only allow for cost reimbursement and are non-negotiable in nature; thus, the construction activities do not represent an ongoing major and central operation of our gas pipelines business and are not within the scope of ASC 606. Accordingly, cost reimbursements are treated as a reduction to the cost of the constructed assets.

Service Revenues

We are subject to regulation by certain state and federal authorities, including the FERC, with revenue derived from both firm and interruptible transportation and storage contracts. Firm transportation and storage agreements provide for a reservation charge based on the pipeline or storage capacity reserved, and a commodity charge based on the volume of natural gas scheduled, each at rates specified in our FERC tariffs or as negotiated with our customers, with contract terms that are generally long-term in nature. Most of our long-term contracts contain an evergreen provision, which allows the contracts to be extended beyond the specified contract term and until terminated generally by either us or the customer, but in certain cases unilaterally by the customer, with advance notice of termination ranging from one to five years. Interruptible transportation and storage agreements provide for a volumetric charge based on actual commodity transportation or storage utilized in the period in which those services are provided, and the contracts are generally limited to one month periods or less. Our performance obligations include the following:


•	Guaranteed transportation or storage under firm transportation and storage contracts - an integrated package of services typically constituting a single performance obligation, which includes standing ready to provide such services and receiving, transporting or storing (as applicable), and redelivering commodities;


•	Interruptible transportation and storage under interruptible transportation and storage contracts - an integrated package of services typically constituting a single performance obligation, which includes receiving, transporting or storing (as applicable), and redelivering commodities upon nomination by the customer.

In situations where we consider the integrated package of services a single performance obligation, which represents a majority of our contracts with customers, we do not consider there to be multiple performance obligations because the nature of the overall promise in the contract is to stand ready (with regard to firm transportation and storage contracts), receive, transport or store, and redeliver natural gas to the customer; therefore, revenue is recognized at the completion of the integrated package of services and represents a single performance obligation.

We recognize revenues for reservation charges over the performance obligation period, which is the contract term, regardless of the volume of natural gas that is transported or stored. Revenues for commodity charges from both firm and interruptible transportation services and storage services are recognized based on volumes of natural gas scheduled for delivery at the agreed upon delivery point or based on volumes of natural gas scheduled for injection or withdrawn from the storage facility because they specifically relate to our efforts to transfer these distinct services. Generally, reservation charges and commodity charges are recognized as revenue in the same period they are invoiced to our customers. As a result of the ratemaking process, certain amounts collected by us may be subject to refunds upon the issuance of final orders by the FERC in pending rate proceedings. We record estimates of rate refund liabilities considering our and other third-party regulatory proceedings, advice of counsel, and other risks.

In the course of providing transportation services to customers, we may receive different quantities of natural gas from customers than the quantities delivered on behalf of those customers. The resulting imbalances are typically settled through the receipt or delivery of gas in the future. Customer imbalances to be repaid or recovered in-kind are recorded as Exchange gas due from others or Exchange gas due to others in our Balance Sheet. The difference between exchange gas due to us from customers and the exchange gas that we owe to customers is included in the Exchange gas offset in our Balance Sheet. These imbalances are valued at the average of the spot market rates at the Canadian border and the Rocky Mountain market as published in the SNL Financial "Bidweek Index - Spot Rates." Settlement of imbalances requires agreement between the pipelines and shippers as to allocations of volumes to specific transportation contracts and timing of delivery of gas based on operational conditions.

Revenue by Category

Our revenue disaggregation by major service line includes Natural gas transportation, Natural gas storage, and Other, which are separately presented on the Statement of Comprehensive Income.

We do not have any contract assets or material contract liabilities.

Remaining Performance Obligations

The following table presents the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations under certain contracts as of June 30, 2018. These primarily include reservation charges on contracted capacity on our firm transportation and storage contracts with customers. Amounts from certain contracts included in the table below reflect the rates from such services, which are subject to the periodic review and approval by the FERC, for the life of the related contracts; however, these rates may change based on future rate cases or settlements approved by the FERC and the amount and timing of these changes is not currently known. As a practical expedient permitted by ASC 606, this table excludes the variable consideration component for commodity charges that will be recognized in future periods. As noted above, certain of our contracts contain evergreen provisions for periods beyond the initial term of the contract. The remaining performance obligations as of June 30, 2018, does not consider potential future performance obligations for which the renewal has not been exercised. The table below also does not include contracts with customers for which the underlying facilities have not received FERC authorization to be placed into service.



	(Thousands)
2018 (remainder)	$	215,736
2019	426,863
2020	400,981
2021	377,760
2022	371,918
2023	326,571
Thereafter	1,772,655
Total	$	3,892,484

Accounts Receivable

We do not offer extended payment terms and typically receive payment within one month. We consider receivables past due if full payment is not received by the contractual due date. Our credit risk exposure in the event of nonperformance by the other parties is limited to the face value of the receivables. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers' financial condition and require collateral from our customers, if necessary. Due to our customer base, we have not historically experienced recurring credit losses in connection with our receivables.

Receivables from contracts with customers are included within Receivables - Trade and Receivables - Affiliated companies and receivables that are not related to contracts with customers comprise the balance of Receivables - Advances to affiliate and Receivables - Other in our Balance Sheet.