-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, UeOG7/JzNJbJj9bCyWb+YL1QryDe1xjTTSmaKZNBlGsGn1jfFTRLAyFj8Oh8CvbX TVlAG4bAt/hHzNbdBWeDxA== 0000109758-97-000003.txt : 19970325 0000109758-97-000003.hdr.sgml : 19970325 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000109758-97-000003 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K405 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 18 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 19961231 FILED AS OF DATE: 19970324 SROS: CSE SROS: NYSE SROS: PSE FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CERIDIAN CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000109758 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS [3571] IRS NUMBER: 520278528 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K405 SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-01969 FILM NUMBER: 97561210 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 8100 34TH AVE S CITY: MINNEAPOLIS STATE: MN ZIP: 55425 BUSINESS PHONE: 6128538100 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: CONTROL DATA CORP /DE/ DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920703 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: COMMERCIAL CREDIT CO DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19680910 10-K405 1 10-K405 12/31/96 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, DC 20549 FORM 10-K Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996 Commission File Number 1-1969 CERIDIAN CORPORATION (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 52-0278528 (State or other jurisdiction of (IRS Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) 8100 34th Avenue South Minneapolis, Minnesota 55425 (Address of principal executive offices) Telephone No.: (612) 853-8100 Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class: Name of each exchange on which registered: Common Stock, par value $.50 ......... New York Stock Exchange, Inc.; The Chicago Stock Exchange; and Pacific Stock Exchange Has the Registrant (1) filed all reports required by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [X] The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of February 28, 1997 was $3,127,182,491. The shares of Common Stock outstanding as of February 28, 1997 were 80,311,416. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders of Registrant: Parts I & II Portions of the Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders, May 14, 1997: Parts III and IV CERIDIAN CORPORATION PART I The information contained in this Report includes forward- looking statements, based on current expectations and assumptions, that involve risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Various important factors known to Ceridian Corporation that could cause such material differences are identified in the "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition" under the caption "1997 Financial Outlook" on page 24 of Ceridian's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders, which is incorporated by reference into Part II, Item 7 of this Report. Item 1. Business. Ceridian Corporation ("Ceridian" or the "Company"), known as Control Data Corporation until June 1992, was founded in 1957 and is incorporated in Delaware. The principal executive office of Ceridian is located at 8100 34th Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55425, telephone (612) 853-8100. Ceridian is comprised of two business segments: Information Services and Defense Electronics. Information Services Segment The Information Services segment, which consists of the Human Resources Group ("HRG"), Comdata Holdings Corporation and Arbitron, provides products and services to customers in the human resources, trucking, gaming and electronic media markets. The Information Services businesses collect, manage and analyze data and process transactions on behalf of customers, report information resulting from such activities to customers, and provide customers with related software applications and services. The products and services provided by the Information Services businesses address specific information management and transaction processing needs of other businesses to enable them to operate more efficiently. The technology-based products and services of the Information Services businesses are typically provided through long-term customer relationships that result in a high level of recurring revenue. Information regarding Information Services' revenue, operating profit or loss and identifiable assets for the years 1994-1996 is in Note K, Segment Data, on page 44 of the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders, which is incorporated herein by reference. Human Resources Group. The businesses comprising HRG offer a broad range of services and software designed to help employers more effectively manage their work forces and information that is integral to human resource processes. Services provided by HRG include payroll processing, payroll tax filing, consulting, training, employee assistance and work-life effectiveness. HRG also provides human resources management, skills management, time and attendance, payroll processing, benefits administration and decision support software. HRG's revenue for the years 1994, 1995 and 1996 was $321.5 million, $412.2 million and $490.3 million, respectively. Markets. The human resource services market covers a comprehensive range of information management, decision support and employer/employee assistance services and software. These products and services are utilized by human resource organizations and line management to assist them in planning, managing and performing tasks in areas such as compensation and benefits, staffing, employee relations, compliance and employee training and development. The products and services provided range from more transaction-oriented administrative services and software products, in areas such as payroll processing, tax filing and benefits administration; to management support software and services, in areas such as skills management, 2 regulatory compliance, employee training and employee assistance; to planning and decision support software and services, in areas such as organizational development and compensation and benefits. The market for these products and services is expected to continue to grow as organizations seek to reduce costs and improve productivity by outsourcing administrative services and further automating internal processes, and by availing themselves of external expertise and new types of human resource products and services to increase organizational and individual effectiveness, and to adapt to the increasing scope and complexity of laws and regulations governing businesses and the increasingly complicated work-life issues faced by employers and employees. As the technological needs in the human resources area increase, organizations are increasingly demanding open, distributed processing systems based on industry standard architectures that are flexible and easy to integrate with other in-house and third-party systems and applications. HRG believes that demand for human resource products and services will often vary depending on the size of the employer. Small employers are relatively more price sensitive, tend to focus more narrowly on transaction-oriented administrative services, have little need for customized products and services and consequently incur lower costs in switching from one provider to another. Medium and large employers tend to require more complex, customized administrative services, tend to have a greater need for additional services in the management support and planning areas, and tend to incur higher costs in switching from one provider to another. HRG believes that the ability to provide a variety of these additional services can be an important factor in customer attraction and retention, particularly for providers targeting medium and large employers, because it tends to provide customers with a stronger connection to a human resource services provider. Services. HRG's transaction-based products and services include payroll processing services and software, as well as products and services that are closely linked to payroll processing such as tax filing services, human resource information management systems, benefits administration software, and time and attendance systems. Payroll processing and payroll tax filing services accounted for about three-fourths of HRG's 1996 revenue. Payroll processing consists primarily of preparing and furnishing employee payroll checks, direct deposit advices and supporting journals, summaries and other reports, but does not involve the handling or transmission of customer payroll funds. Payroll tax filing consists primarily of collecting funds for federal, state and local employment taxes from customers based on payroll information provided, remitting funds collected to the appropriate taxing authorities, filing applicable returns, and handling regulatory correspondence and amendments. These payroll-related services are typically priced on a fee-per-item- processed basis, and quarterly revenue consequently fluctuates with the volume of items processed. Revenue from payroll tax filing services also includes investment income received from tax filing deposits temporarily held pending remittance on behalf of customers to taxing authorities. These funds are held in a tax filing trust established by Ceridian to more clearly evidence the fiduciary capacity in which such funds are held. The trust invests primarily in high quality collateralized short-term investments and top tier commercial paper. The trust also invests in U.S. Treasury and Agency securities, AAA rated asset-backed securities and corporate securities rated A3/A- or better. The trust may not use leverage for investment purposes or purchase highly structured securities of any kind. The duration of investments is carefully managed to meet the liquidity needs of the trust. About two-thirds of the 1996 payroll tax filing revenue and about 13% of HRG's 1996 revenue was attributable to such investment income. Due to the significance of this investment income, HRG's quarterly revenue and profitability vary as a result of changes in interest rates and in the amount of tax filing deposits held. Because the volume of payroll items processed increases in the 3 first and fourth quarters of each year in connection with employers' year-end reporting requirements, and because the amount of tax filing deposits also tends to be greatest in the first quarter, HRG's revenue and profitability tend to be greater in those quarters. Payroll processing is currently conducted using the Company's proprietary "Signature" software at 31 district offices located throughout the United States, all of which are linked in a nationwide network. Ceridian's payroll system allows customers to input their own payroll data via personal computers, transmit the data on-line to Ceridian for processing, retrieve reports and data files from Ceridian and print reports and, in certain instances, payroll checks or direct deposit advices on site. Customers can also input payroll data by telephone or batch transmittal, with payroll checks and related reports prepared by Ceridian at one of its district processing centers. Ceridian's payroll processing system also interfaces with both customer and third-party transaction processing systems to facilitate services such as direct deposit of payroll checks. Ceridian's payroll tax filing services are provided by its Systems Tax Service ("STS") division located in Fountain Valley, California. STS was acquired by the Company in 1993, and its acquisition expanded Ceridian's tax filing customer base beyond employers who utilize Ceridian's payroll processing service to include local and regional payroll processors who utilize STS' tax filing service for their customers. In June 1994, the Company acquired Tesseract Corporation ("Tesseract"), which provides mainframe-based payroll processing, benefits administration and human resources management software offerings for large customers with complex information management needs that prefer to handle such tasks in-house. The Company then began an internal development effort to adapt Tesseract's proprietary payroll processing software to run in a multi- customer data center environment. This adaptation of the Tesseract software, referred to as "CII", is expected to provide payroll processing customers with increased functionality and flexibility and to be well suited for larger payroll processing customers with more complex processing needs. Completion of the CII development project and general release of the software has been delayed, and an assessment of the status of this development project was conducted with the assistance of an outside consultant during the fourth quarter 1996. The assessment confirmed that the CII software is a viable base for use as a high volume service bureau processor, and also verified a number of areas in which additional development efforts would be required to enable the CII software to operate cost effectively in such an environment. The Company is proceeding with these development efforts as well as the beta testing of version 1.5 of this software, and expects that the CII software will be available for general release during 1998. Payroll processing utilizing the CII software will be conducted in centralized facilities operated by IBM Global Services (formerly Integrated Systems Solutions Corporation) pursuant to a ten-year technology services agreement that commenced in January 1995. Ceridian will continue, for the foreseeable future, to make payroll processing utilizing its existing Signature software available to customers who do not wish to upgrade to the CII software. Ceridian expects to continue to invest in updates and enhancements to the Signature software and to focus on efforts, such as increasing installation and production center efficiencies, to reduce costs associated with its current payroll processing system. Ceridian is also assessing the degree to which existing data processing centers can be consolidated, and the benefits that could reasonably be expected from such consolidation. To a degree, this analysis will be affected by the timing of the general release of the CII software and the extent to which existing payroll customers opt to transition to centralized processing on the CII software. The extent to which existing customers elect to make this transition will also affect the amount of incremental costs, such as system conversion and customer training efforts, the Company expects to incur in connection with such transitions. The impact of these incremental costs is, however, expected to be offset to a significant degree by upgrade fees to be paid by customers electing to make the transition. 4 The Company's Centre-file Limited subsidiary provides payroll processing services and human resource management software in the United Kingdom. The Centre-file business was purchased by the Company in October 1995, and was augmented by the Company's purchase of the assets of the Compower Limited payroll processing business in June 1996. Ceridian's Minidata Services, Inc. subsidiary provides payroll processing services to small customers in the mid-Atlantic states. Ceridian also provides human resource management software that runs in a Windows* or DOS environment and enables customers to combine their payroll and human resource information databases and can serve as a "front-end" to Ceridian's Signature payroll processing system. This enables the customer to create a single database of employee information for on-line inquiry, updating and reporting in areas important to human resource administration and management. Ceridian has also developed a client/server version of its human resource/payroll information management software for use in connection with the CII software. In February 1997, Ceridian acquired FLX Corporation, which provides, through a network of value added resellers, Windows-based human resources management and benefits software developed on open, industry standard technology. At the time of its acquisition by Ceridian, FLX was in the process of beta testing a client/server version of this software. The Company expects to be able to provide the FLX software with an existing interface to Ceridian's payroll processing and tax filing services, and to develop a payroll module for the FLX software to enable it to serve as a fully integrated front end to the Signature payroll processing system. Ceridian's EAS Technologies, Inc. subsidiary, acquired in February 1996, provides advanced time and attendance software. HRG also provides a variety of employee assistance, work- life balance, management support and training products and services to help companies maximize individual and organizational effectiveness. Ceridian Performance Partners includes the Employee Advisory Resource ("EAR"), which provides confidential, around-the-clock assessment and referral services to customers' employees to help them address legal and financial problems, workplace issues, substance abuse, child care, eldercare and other personal problems. EAR maintains a network of professional counselors who are available to work with employees to solve problems and to provide referrals to specialists if such referrals are warranted by the circumstances. EAR's service offerings were augmented by the August 1996 acquisition of Employee Assistance Associates, Inc., which provides employee assistance counseling, workplace training and consultation and managed care assessment services in the Great Lakes region. Ceridian Performance Partners also includes The Partnership Group, Inc., which was acquired by Ceridian in November 1996 and provides various consultative, referral and convenience services to help customers' employees balance work and family demands and address dependent care needs. Ceridian's User Technology, Inc. subsidiary ("UserTech") provides custom user training, reference documentation and on- line employee communications systems to facilitate customers' implementation and utilization of human resources and other business information management systems. UserTech's product and service offerings were expanded by the Company's January 1996 purchase of the business and assets of Information Learning Inc., which provides expert systems that enable employers to address employee and retiree questions about benefits, payroll and other human resources policies and programs through personal computers and kiosks. Ceridian's Resumix, Inc. subsidiary, which was acquired in August 1995, provides skills management software (and related hardware) that employs image processing, knowledge base and database technologies to enable organizations to manage large volumes of incoming resume data to identify qualified candidates for hire and match them with available staffing needs, and to * "Windows" is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. 5 manage the skills of an existing work force by placing current employees in new jobs or projects. Resumix also offers its software on a service bureau basis to support smaller and medium- sized organizations, and provides a software product that enables customers to link their Resumix systems with commercial recruiting sites on the Internet. In November 1996, Ceridian acquired Washington Consulting Services & Technologies, Inc. ("WCST"), which provides decision support and workforce assessment software to assist managers in addressing personnel issues, as well as consulting and training on various aspects of human resources strategy and management. WCST's products and services are provided to federal, state and local government agencies. Sales and Marketing. Payroll processing, tax filing and human resource management software and services are marketed in the U.S. through a direct sales force operating through about three dozen offices located throughout the U.S. Marketing relationships have been established with banks, accounting firms and insurance companies pursuant to which these products and services are offered to the business clients of these entities. The most significant source of customer leads for these transaction-based products and services are referrals from existing customers and from the marketing relationships previously noted. The other HRG businesses, including the payroll processing operations conducted by Centre-file and Minidata, utilize their own direct sales forces. Customer leads for the products and services of these businesses are generally obtained through referrals, trade shows, product demonstration seminars and direct sales efforts. HRG's base of approximately 44,000 customers, including approximately 40 percent of the Fortune* 1000, covers a wide range of industries and markets, with no single customer currently representing more than 1% of HRG's 1996 revenue. In 1996, Employer Services entered into a contract with Kmart Corporation to provide payroll processing and tax filing services. Under this contract, the annual revenue from which is ultimately expected to exceed 1% of HRG's annual revenue, the Company expects to begin payroll processing on the Signature system for substantially all Kmart employees in the second quarter 1997, and will begin to install Kmart on the STS tax filing system during 1997. The HRG businesses have utilized cooperative marketing relationships with other companies offering products or services that complement those of the HRG businesses as well as informal marketing alliances with human resource consulting firms, and are exploring similar cooperative arrangements with other software and human resource services providers. Toward that end, HRG's decision to emphasize products and services based on open, industry standard technologies is expected to increase its ability to work cooperatively with other software providers and to coordinate HRG's product and service offerings with customers' existing information management systems. Such coordination is believed to be of increasing importance in the sales process, as information technology personnel increasingly become involved with human resources personnel in decisions regarding human resource systems and applications. HRG is increasingly orienting sales and marketing efforts toward medium and large employers, which tend to have more complex information management and human resource services needs, purchase a greater variety of products and services, and require more flexibility and customization in service offerings. HRG is also seeking to further integrate and coordinate the sales and marketing efforts of its businesses and to sell a greater variety of its products and services to the customers of its various businesses. Competition. The human resource services industry is characterized by intense competition. Competition comes from national, regional and local third party transaction processors, * "Fortune" is a registered trademark of Time Warner, Inc. 6 as well as from software companies, consulting firms and internally developed and operated systems and software. A substantial portion of the overall payroll processing and tax filing in both the U.S. and the United Kingdom is supported in-house with the remainder supported by third party providers. In the U.S., Automatic Data Processing, Inc. ("ADP") is the largest third party provider, with Ceridian and Paychex, Inc. ("Paychex") comprising the other two large, national providers. ADP serves all sizes of employers, while Paychex focuses on small employers. Other third party payroll and tax filing providers are generally smaller regional and local competitors, although larger providers of benefits administration or 401(k) processing services may contemplate expansion into outsourced payroll processing. In the United Kingdom, the Company's Centre-file subsidiary is the largest outsourced payroll processing business in terms of revenue, competing with several other national providers, including a subsidiary of ADP, and smaller, local providers. Competition in both the payroll processing and human resource information management areas also comes from a number of large software companies that provide both payroll processing software for in-house processing as well as human resource management software applications, often in conjunction with other enterprise management software applications. Apart from transaction-based products and services, HRG's businesses generally compete with a variety of application software companies, training companies, consulting firms and human resource services providers, some of which are national in scope. Generally, the market for these products and services is evolving and is not dominated by a small number of competitors. Currently, the principal competitive factors in the human resource services industry are performance, price, functionality, ease and flexibility of use, customer support and industry standard technology architecture. HRG believes that the ability to integrate human resource software applications with customers' other in-house applications, and the ability to provide client/server-based solutions are becoming increasingly important competitive factors. While HRG believes its businesses are able to compete effectively in the overall human resource services market, their continued ability to compete effectively will depend in large measure on their ability to timely develop and implement new technology, particularly that which incorporates industry standard architecture and client/server-based solutions, and to offer additional products and services that address management support, planning and organizational development needs. HRG intends to seek additional strategic acquisition and partnering opportunities that would better enable it to achieve these objectives. Comdata. Comdata Holdings Corporation ("Comdata Holdings") is the parent corporation of Comdata Network, Inc. ("Network"), and Comdata Holdings' investment in Network and Network's subsidiaries represents Comdata Holdings' only material asset. In this report, the term "Comdata" refers to Comdata Holdings, Network and its subsidiaries. Comdata's revenue for the years 1994, 1995 and 1996 was $243.3 million, $274.1 million and $299.2 million, respectively. Comdata is a leading provider of transaction processing and decision support services to the trucking and gaming industries. For trucking companies and drivers, Comdata provides funds transfer, fuel purchase, cash advance, regulatory permit and telecommunications services, as well as fleet optimization and routing software. For truck stops, Comdata provides point-of- sale and data collection services. For the gaming industry, Comdata provides cash advance services to gaming patrons in casinos, racetracks and other gaming locations through the use of credit cards and debit services employing automated teller machines and similar devices. Markets. Trucking Industry. The trucking industry encompasses both long haul fleets and local fleets. Private fleets, which are part of larger companies that have significant 7 shipping needs, predominate in the local fleet segment, but play a lesser role in the long haul fleet segment. Common carriers, which provide trucking services to companies that do not have fleets of their own, predominate in the long haul fleet segment, which is comprised of less-than-truckload and truckload components. The less-than-truckload component, which involves trucks that make multiple stops to load and unload, is characterized by large capital requirements and a relatively high degree of consolidation. The truckload component, which involves the transportation of full loads directly from shipper to final destination without going through any sorting terminals, is highly fragmented and, Comdata believes, is growing at the expense of private fleets and the less-than- truckload component. The majority of Comdata's trucking company customers are common carriers serving the truckload component of the long haul segment. Many of these carriers do not employ their drivers, but instead contract with individual owner-operators. Such owner-operators usually settle their expenses with the common carrier after the completion of each trip. Drivers for truckload carriers often spend weeks on the road at a time, creating a number of unique conditions and business opportunities. Truckload carriers are challenged to monitor and control fuel purchases, provide driver services to aid in recruitment and improve retention, obtain necessary licenses and permits, and effectively manage the routing and logistics of such long-distance trips. A variety of trends has affected the trucking industry in recent years and is expected to have an ongoing impact. Outsourcing of fleets has occurred and is expected to continue since the costs of common carriers are generally less than the costs of operating a private fleet. Demand for the services of truckload carriers is expected to continue to increase at the expense of the more capital intensive less-than-truckload carriers. Competitive pressures are expected to result in continuing consolidation of carriers to achieve economies of scale, and in increased efficiencies and productivity through efforts such as increased automation, improved information management systems and greater outsourcing of information management and logistics. Reducing driver turnover is expected to continue to be a significant industry focus. The challenges and expense of complying with environmental regulations governing fuel storage tanks is expected to result in a shift from private terminal fueling to truck stop fueling. Demand for legalization services has declined as a result of industry deregulation and increased permit and license reciprocity among states. Gaming Industry. In recent years, the gaming industry has expanded significantly, with an increasing number of states having acted to permit casino gaming and other forms of wagering, often on Native American reservations and in non- traditional locations such as riverboats. It is estimated that some form of legalized gaming is now available within a one-half day drive of virtually all Americans. Increasing competition among gaming providers has resulted in consolidation within the industry, a major expansion of gaming facilities in mature markets (with such facilities tending to be included in larger entertainment complexes), efforts by gaming providers to expand internationally, and increasing demand for improved transaction processing and information management systems, as gaming providers seek to better identify, evaluate and retain their customer base. Demand for cash advance services in gaming locations, which can be provided in a variety of ways, has grown commensurately with the growth in overall wagering. Services. Trucking Industry. Revenue from Comdata's services to the trucking industry represented 58% of Comdata's total revenue in 1996. Comdata's services to the trucking industry include fuel purchase services, driver services, legalization services and logistics services. During 1996, Comdata acquired Transportation Communication Consulting, Inc., which provides permit and vehicle escort services to trucking companies, and TIC Financial Systems, Inc., which provides funds transfer, fuel purchase and related services to trucking companies. 8 Fuel Purchase Services. Comdata uses its proprietary network to provide a service that allows customers to purchase fuel through the use of a Comchek(Registered Trademark) draft, which is a draft payable through a Comdata bank account. Comdata funds the fueling transaction when the truck stop negotiates the draft by depositing it in its bank account. Comdata bills the trucking company for the amount of the draft plus a portion of the service fee, and collects from the truck stop the balance of the service fee. The trucking company and truck stop remit payment of their respective amounts to Comdata by wire transfer or check, typically within six days, although trucking companies may be billed by Comdata in advance for all funds transfers authorized for any purpose in connection with a particular trip. The vast majority of these fuel purchase transactions are initiated through the use of Comdata's proprietary Comchek card in a manner similar to an ordinary credit card transaction. Use of the Comchek card allows the trucking company customer greater control over its expenses by setting limits on the use of the cards such as by designating locations where the cards may be used and the frequency with which they may be used. Use of a Comchek card also enables Comdata to capture and provide to trucking company customers transaction and trip-related information that greatly enhances a customer's ability to track and plan fuel purchases and settle with drivers. Comdata provides similar information gathering and processing services in connection with fueling transactions which Comdata does not fund, but instead are billed directly by the truck stop to the trucking company. Fees for these "direct bill" transactions are substantially lower. Some trucking companies have access to such information on Comdata's computer system and may promptly obtain information on recent transactions by their independent owner-operators or employees. Comdata also provides fuel price tracking reports and management within a network of truck stops, including cost/plus fuel purchase programs. Driver Services. Comdata provides a variety of services designed to address the specific needs of long haul drivers who spend significant periods of time on the road, including cash advance and funds transfer services, direct deposit of payrolls or settlements (for non-employee owner-operators), ATM and point of sale debit card services using the Comchek card, long distance telephone services using the Comchek card and driver relations services such as a monthly audio magazine for drivers. Comdata's funds transfer system is designed to enable truck drivers to obtain funding for purchases (in addition to fuel) at truck stops and other locations en route to their destination, and to enable trucking companies to maintain control over expenditures made by either their independent owner-operators or their employees. In connection with these services, Comdata is typically able to provide an accounting to the trucking company of trip expenses (including fuel purchases) within 24 hours after the completion of a given trip. In 1996, Comdata processed approximately 38.5 million funds transfer transactions (including fuel purchase programs) involving approximately $6.7 billion for the trucking industry. Comdata maintains a national network of 24-hour independent truck stop service centers which have point-of-sale devices and other computer equipment to facilitate communication with Comdata's database and operations centers. The service centers act as Comdata's agents pursuant to a service center agreement, and typically also offer the funds transfer services of other companies. When a truck driver makes a request at a service center for a funds transfer, Comdata verifies that the driver's company has established sufficient credit. Upon presentation of valid identification, the service center obtains an authorization number from Comdata and issues a Comchek draft, which is handled in the manner described earlier in connection with fuel purchase transactions. Approximately 90% of the basic funds transfer system (including funded fuel purchases) has been automated to utilize the Comchek card, which has significantly enhanced efficiency by eliminating the need for call center involvement and by reducing the amount of time necessary to complete transactions. The Comchek card may also be used to 9 obtain cash advances at Cirrus* system ATMs. In addition, Comdata maintains four 24-hour call centers to handle transactions that require operator assistance. In the first quarter 1997, Comdata announced an agreement in principle with Concord EFS, Inc. that will enable truck drivers to obtain cash advances using the Comchek card at the approximately 400 locations nationwide in the proprietary Concord ATM network. These ATMs are all located in truck stops. The arrangement is expected to increase the convenience and efficiency of obtaining cash advances at truck stops by moving the transaction from the truck stop fuel desk to the ATM. Comdata is exploring additional cooperative arrangements with Concord EFS. The long distance telephone services available to drivers through the Comchek card enable Comdata's trucking company customers to maintain greater control over the billable telephone use by their drivers by allowing the trucking company to determine which locations the driver may call and to preprogram those numbers into Comdata's voice response unit. The trucking company can also limit the availability of the service to an independent driver by dollar amount or number of calls. Legalization Services. Comdata, through its Transceiver (Registered Trademark)division, can determine the permits needed for a designated trip, truck, and load, purchase those permits on behalf of the customer and deliver them by facsimile machine to a truck stop where they can be picked up by the driver. In many instances, a trucking company customer will order permits directly from the issuing authority and Comdata will deliver these permits by facsimile machine to their designated location. In addition to charging its customers for the costs imposed by the state authority, Comdata receives a fee for each permit delivered. In addition to providing permits to trucking companies, Comdata also provides certain regulatory compliance services, such as processing and auditing of driver trip logs, reporting of fuel taxes, annual licensing and motor vehicle registration verification. Logistics and Other Services. Comdata designed and operates a computerized shipment interchange system to help trucking companies find loads for their return trips, thereby reducing empty backhauls. By making specific shipment information available to customers on a subscription basis, available shipments can be matched with available cargo space on a nationwide basis. Comdata also develops and markets software designed to assist in routing, scheduling and other services for companies with private and for-hire delivery fleets. As a result of agreements with two major long-distance telecommunications providers, Comdata also offers to its trucking company customers long distance telecommunications services at volume discount rates that might not otherwise be available to such customers. As a result of the March 1995 purchase of Trendar Corporation, Comdata provides fueling centers with systems which automate the various transactions that occur at a fuel purchase desk and systems which enable customers to transact card-based fuel purchases at the fuel pump. These systems accept many fuel purchase cards currently used by drivers. Comdata also introduced during 1996 a Windows-based software application that enables trucking companies to access real-time data on fuel purchases and facilitates pre- and post- trip planning functions. Future modules of this application are expected to provide ready access to other Comdata product and service offerings such as legalization services. Comdata also provides a service to expedite the transfer of bills of lading and freight bills utilizing its imaging storage and retrieval capabilities. In March 1996, the Company acquired a minority equity interest in International Automated Energy Systems, Inc. ("IAES"), a provider of fuel management and payment systems for * "Cirrus" is a registered trademark of Cirrus System, Inc. 10 local transportation fleets. The Company did not exercise its option to acquire the remaining equity of IAES during the first quarter 1997. Gaming Industry. Revenue from Comdata's services to the gaming industry represented 42% of Comdata's total revenue in 1996. Comdata processed approximately 7.6 million credit card- based funds transfer transactions aggregating approximately $3.5 billion for the gaming industry during 1996. Gaming patrons may utilize MasterCard, Visa, Discover or JCB credit cards to obtain cash through Comdata terminals primarily located in gaming locations. These cash advances differ from standard credit card cash advances in that no personal identification number is required, and differ from ATM withdrawals in that there is no pre-set daily withdrawal limit. Instead, after a gaming patron runs his or her credit card through a Comchek terminal and the transaction is authorized, a Comchek draft drawn on a Comdata bank account in the amount requested by the patron at the terminal is generated at the gaming establishment's cashier cage. The gaming patron immediately negotiates the draft for cash or chips, and the gaming establishment presents the draft for payment. Concurrently, the amount of the Comchek draft, along with Comdata's service fee, is charged to the individual's MasterCard, Visa, Discover or JCB account. Comdata pays an agent commission to the gaming establishment in connection with cash advance transactions. Comdata's cash advance services are currently available in many casinos in Las Vegas, Reno and Lake Tahoe, Nevada; and Atlantic City, New Jersey, and many other gaming locations, including riverboat casinos, cruise ships and casinos on Native American reservations and in Canada and the Caribbean. Comdata's credit card cash advance services are subject to policies and regulations adopted from time to time by the major credit card associations, including policies which currently preclude Comdata from expanding its cash advance services to nongaming locations and prescribe the applicable merchant discount to which such transactions are subject. These policies are subject to change from time to time, and Comdata must comply with changes to these policies and regulations, some of which could have an adverse effect on Comdata. In addition to credit card cash advances, Comdata also provides electronic funds transfers through Comdata's ATMs and other point of sale devices located in gaming establishments, as well as check acceptance services and Western Union money transfers as Western Union's exclusive agent for such transfers to the gaming industry in the U.S. Because of the lower risk associated with these transactions, the fees are much lower than fees for credit card cash advances. Comdata continues to expand its ATM network, which in 1996 accounted for about 3.8 million funds transfer transactions in the gaming area. As this aspect of Comdata's funds transfer business grows, there is a corresponding increase in the amount of available cash required to keep the ATMs adequately supplied. Comdata also provides market information to gaming establishments to assist in marketing and promotional activities. Comdata is beta testing its cashier operations and information system ("COINS") for gaming establishments, which is a transaction processing system designed to interface with third-party funds transfer systems and gaming establishments' in-house data processing systems to integrate the processing of all types of funds transfer transactions that occur at gaming establishment cashier cages. Comdata is also working to develop a system to make debit and credit card cash advances available to gaming customers while seated at a gaming table and, in a cooperative venture, a system to permit "cashless" slot machine play through the use of a debit card. Sales and Marketing. Trucking Industry. Comdata markets its services to the trucking industry through a direct sales force operating in various cities throughout the U.S., and through a tele-sales operation in Comdata's Brentwood, Tennessee headquarters. Comdata has contracts with approximately 17,000 long haul trucking companies, ranging in size from those with several thousand trucks to those with fewer than five trucks. 11 Comdata also has relationships with approximately 8,000 fueling locations. Contracts with trucking companies generally range up to three years in duration, while contracts with service centers are typically one or two years in duration. No single customer represented more than 2% of Comdata's 1996 revenue from services to the trucking industry. Gaming Industry. Comdata markets its services to the gaming industry through a direct sales force operating in Reno and Las Vegas, Nevada, Atlantic City, New Jersey, Brentwood, Tennessee and in certain other cities in the U.S. Comdata has relationships with approximately 840 gaming establishments. Competition. The principal competitive factors relevant to funds transfers in both the trucking and gaming industries are marketing efforts, pricing, sophistication and reliability of computer and communications systems, the provision of new techniques in basic funds transfer services, reduction of the time required to effect transactions, and payment and security terms of customer agreements. The major credit card companies and vendors of traveler's checks are competitors of Comdata in that they make cash available to holders of their cards and checks on a nationwide basis. Comdata also faces increasing competition from lower fee ATMs that participate in national networks. In the trucking industry, several other companies offer similar funds transfer services. Although these competitors are generally smaller than Comdata, one is owned by a company significantly larger than Ceridian. In addition, truckstops may negotiate directly with trucking companies for a direct billing relationship. Comdata also competes with several credit and debit card services with respect to its fuel purchase program, some of which are larger and have greater resources than Comdata. Certain of Comdata's competitors also operate or franchise nationwide truckstop chains. In addition, Comdata competes with some of its service centers (such as truckstops) that offer similar products and services. While the majority of permitting and legalization services continue to be performed in-house, there is at least one other nationwide company and several regional companies providing permit services similar to those provided by Comdata. Competition in this market is influenced by price, the expertise of personnel and the ease with which permits may be ordered and received. In the gaming industry, Comdata competes with numerous sources and potential sources of cash, including Bank of America and at least three other providers of credit card cash advance services, certain smaller regional competitors and the large gaming establishments themselves. Competition in this market is also influenced by the pricing of agent commissions and the increasing sophistication of ATM networks and other funds delivery mechanisms. Comdata believes that its competitive strengths include (i) its ability to provide services at a large number of locations in the continental United States and Canada, (ii) its ability to offer a variety of services, frequently tailored to an individual customer's needs, (iii) its large proprietary databases regarding funds transfers and fuel purchases, and (iv) its long-term experience and concomitant relationships in the trucking and gaming industries. Network and Data Processing Operations. Comdata's principal communications center for its funds transfer business is located near its corporate headquarters in Brentwood, Tennessee with secondary centers located in Dallas, Texas and Newberry, South Carolina. Worldcom is the primary supplier of telecommunications services to Comdata pursuant to an agreement whose term expires in January 2003. Under this agreement, Comdata is to purchase at least 80% of its internal and external resale telecommunications requirements from Worldcom. Substantially all of Comdata's internal data processing functions, including its payment processing systems, are provided by IBM Global Services pursuant to an agreement for systems operations services whose term expires in April 2005. The processing center is connected to Comdata-owned and 12 customer-owned computers installed in customer locations and to terminals and computers located in Comdata's headquarters. Regulation. Many of the states in which Comdata operates require persons engaged in the business of selling or issuing payment instruments (such as the Comchek draft) or in the business of transmitting funds to obtain a license from the appropriate state agency. In certain states, Comdata is required to post bonds or other collateral to secure its obligations to its customers in those states. Some state agencies have the authority to deny licenses to, or revoke the license of, financially weak companies. For its cash advance services in Atlantic City, New Jersey casinos, Comdata is required to hold a Casino Service Industry License issued by the State of New Jersey Casino Control Commission. Comdata believes that it is currently in compliance in all material respects with the regulatory requirements applicable to its business. The failure to comply with the requirements of any particular state could have a material adverse effect on Comdata's business in that state. Arbitron. Arbitron is the leading provider of radio audience measurement information in terms of revenue, and also provides electronic media and marketing information to radio broadcasters, cable operators, advertising agencies and advertisers. Through its Scarborough Research Partnership joint venture, Arbitron provides quantitative and qualitative measurements to television broadcasters and newspaper and magazine publishers. Arbitron's proprietary data regarding radio audience size and demographics is provided to customers through multi-year license agreements. In addition, Arbitron has obtained access to or developed services that provide qualitative data regarding product purchasing decisions. Arbitron's revenue for the years 1994, 1995 and 1996 was $121.3 million, $137.2 million and $153.1 million, respectively. Markets. Consolidation of radio station ownership has been accelerating in recent years, due largely to industry economics and the relaxation of governmental restrictions on station ownership, particularly as a result of federal telecommunications legislation enacted in late 1995. This consolidation has tended to intensify competition within the radio industry, and to intensify competition between radio and other forms of media for advertising dollars. At the same time, audiences have become more fragmented as a result of greatly increased programming choices and entertainment/media options. As a result, advertisers increasingly seek to tailor advertising strategies to target specific demographic groups through specific media, and the audience information needs of radio broadcasters, advertising agencies and advertisers have become more complex. Increasingly, more detailed information regarding the demographics and buying behavior of audiences is required. Increased competition and more complex information requirements have heightened the need of radio broadcasters for improved information management systems and more sophisticated means to analyze such information. In addition, there is a growing demand for quality radio audience information internationally from global advertisers, U.S. broadcasters who have acquired broadcasting interests in other countries, and an increasing number of private commercial broadcasters in other countries. These trends are not confined to the radio broadcast industry, but also affect other media. As the importance of reaching niche audiences with targeted marketing strategies increases, broadcasters, publishers, advertising agencies and advertisers increasingly require that information regarding exposure to advertising be provided on an individualized rather than a household basis and that such information be coupled with information regarding shopping patterns and purchaser behavior. The need for such qualitative information may create opportunities for innovative approaches to satisfy these information needs, particularly as technological advances increase the alternatives available to advertisers for reaching potential customers, including the possibilities of interactive communication. 13 Services. Arbitron estimates audience size and demographics in the U.S. for local radio stations, and reports this and related data to its customers. This information is used by radio stations to price and sell advertising time and by advertising agencies and large corporate advertisers in purchasing advertising time. Arbitron uses listener diaries to gather radio listener data from sample households in the 265 local markets for which it currently provides radio ratings. Respondents mail the diaries to Arbitron's processing center in Columbia, Maryland, where Arbitron compiles periodic audience measurement estimates. Arbitron is in the process of expanding the number of local markets it measures more than once each year, and expects that by the second half of 1997, it will provide ratings reports at least twice annually in virtually all the local markets its serves. Arbitron also provides software applications that give customers flexible access to Arbitron's database, and enable them to more effectively analyze and understand that information and develop sales strategies for maximum effectiveness. Arbitron is also developing applications that will enable customers to link information provided by Arbitron's database with information from other databases (such as product purchasing behavior) so as to enable customers to further refine sales strategies and compete more effectively for advertising dollars. The radio audience measurement service and related software represented somewhat more than 80% of Arbitron's revenue during 1996. Arbitron believes it will become increasingly important to address the more comprehensive information needs of the broadcast and cable industries by providing customers with services and technology that link audience measurement data with product purchasing data to enable customers to make more productive marketing decisions. Through the Scarborough Research Partnership, Arbitron has the exclusive right to market the Scarborough Report to radio broadcasters and cable systems. The Scarborough Report provides qualitative information regarding product/service usage and media usage in 60 of the largest U.S. markets, and measures products purchased based on a sample of consumers in the relevant markets. During 1996, issuance of the Scarborough Report was increased from once to twice per year. Arbitron has also developed and introduced in 44 mid-sized markets its RetailDirect service, which is a locally oriented, qualitative audience research service. The service, which utilizes diaries and telephone surveys, provides a profile of the broadcast audience in terms of local media, retail and consumer preferences so that local radio and television broadcasters and cable systems will have information that helps them develop targeted sales and programming strategies. Arbitron's Qualitative Diary service collects consumer and media usage information from Arbitron radio diary keepers in 132 smaller markets. Arbitron intends to further develop its capabilities and technologies through acquisitions, alliances and licensing arrangements that will enable it to provide the comprehensive information management services that broadcasters, cable systems, telecommunications companies, advertising agencies and advertisers will require to market their products and services more effectively. Arbitron is exploring possible cooperative arrangements that would facilitate the expansion of its radio audience measurement service into selected international markets. Arbitron is also involved in cooperative efforts to develop a passive, personalized electronic measurement device to record broadcast listening or viewing, and to develop measurement products for the Internet and interactive television. Arbitron also holds a minority equity interest in a developer of hardware and software technology to provide electronic audience measurement systems to the cable industry. Sales and Marketing. As of December 31, 1996, Arbitron provided its radio audience measurement and related services to approximately 2,600 radio stations and almost 2,400 advertising agencies nationwide under contracts that vary in length from one to seven years. Arbitron markets its products and services through a direct sales force operating through offices in six cities around the U.S. Reflecting the consolidation that has occurred in the radio broadcasting industry, during 1996 Arbitron's ten largest customers represented 34% of its total 1996 revenue. 14 Although the industry consolidation that has led to the increased concentration of Arbitron's customer base could tend to put pressure on the pricing of Arbitron's radio ratings service, it has also contributed to an increase in the number of stations subscribing for the ratings service, as stations have become Arbitron customers upon their acquisition by a larger broadcasting group. It has also been Arbitron's experience during the latter part of 1996 and in early 1997 that stations which are part of a larger broadcasting group may be somewhat more likely to purchase analytical software applications and other services in addition to the ratings service. Competition. Arbitron competes with two smaller providers of radio audience measurement services, one of which utilizes a different survey methodology than Arbitron and the other of which is a relatively new entrant into the market. Arbitron also competes with other providers of applications software, qualitative data and proprietary qualitative studies used by broadcasters, cable systems, advertising agencies and advertisers. Defense Electronics Segment - Computing Devices International The Defense Electronics segment, consisting of Computing Devices International ("Computing Devices"), provides mission- critical electronics, software, systems integration and information management for defense and other government agencies and commercial customers in selected markets. Computing Devices' revenue for the years 1994, 1995 and 1996 was $486.3 million, $509.5 million and $553.0 million, respectively. Information regarding Computing Devices' operating profit and identifiable assets for the years 1994-1996 is in Note K, Segment Data, on page 44 of the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders, which is incorporated herein by reference. Markets. Because of government budgetary constraints and the end of the Cold War, defense spending has decreased worldwide and is expected to continue to decline. As a result, overcapacity developed in the defense industry which has resulted in significant consolidation among defense contractors, a trend that is expected to continue. At the same time, the defense market focus has shifted from strategic defense (nuclear) to tactical defense (non-nuclear), as the threat of military conflicts shifts toward regional and ethnic conflicts. The factors noted earlier, coupled with advances in commercially-available technologies, are contributing to a shift in the focus of defense procurement spending. The defense electronics area is expected to be less affected by the financial constraints discussed than other defense procurement areas, in large measure because of the ability to extend the service life and increase the sophistication of existing military equipment by providing electronic upgrades to such equipment, and the ability to enhance the deterrent effect of armed forces through advanced information processing technology. Armed forces are expected to increasingly emphasize incorporating lower cost commercial off- the-shelf technology and components into military equipment, thereby permitting continued technological innovation in defense systems with significantly reduced development costs. More generally, government agencies, including the military, are beginning to recognize that efficiencies and cost savings may be attainable through outsourcing many of the agencies' non-core functions, paralleling a trend that has already developed in the private sector. Computing Devices believes that this growing recognition may result in significant future opportunities for providers of outsourced services, such as payroll processing, and comprehensive information management solutions. 15 Products and Services. About 93% of Computing Devices' 1996 revenue was attributable to defense programs, principally involving Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom. Computing Devices maintains operations in all three of these countries, and its Canadian subsidiary is the largest defense contractor in Canada. Computing Devices' products and services provided to defense department customers feature its capabilities in signal processing, digital image manipulation, "ruggedized" subsystems for harsh environments and real-time software systems. About 21% of Computing Devices' 1996 revenue was attributable to products and services relating to avionics systems, including the AN/AYK-14 standard Navy airborne mission computer systems; about 32% to communications systems, primarily the Iris contract described below; about 23% to shipboard subsystems, anti- submarine warfare subsystems, ground subsystems, display subsystems and tactical reconnaissance systems, including a light armored vehicle reconnaissance system for the Canadian military; and about 17% to intelligence and surveillance systems, advanced parallel processing, reconnaissance systems and imaging software. The 7% of Computing Devices' 1996 revenue not involving defense programs was attributable to contract manufacturing, document and data management services to governmental entities and commercial aviation information systems. During 1991, Computing Devices secured, through its Canadian subsidiary, a contract to modernize the tactical command, control and communications system used by the Canadian Department of National Defence. This system, called Iris, incorporates a broad range of technologies, including satellite, fiber optic and microwave communication. During 1995 and 1996, Computing Devices recorded revenue from this contract of $163.9 million and $172.1 million, respectively, representing 32.2% and 31.1%, respectively, of Computing Devices' revenue in those years. This contract has a remaining term of approximately four years and estimated total remaining revenue of $405 million over the life of the contract. Although Computing Devices' Canadian subsidiary is the prime contractor under this contract, a significant portion of the contract has been subcontracted to other communications technology companies. Computing Devices continues to seek contracts to provide comprehensive information management solutions, as evidenced by its 1996 selection by the U.S. Department of Defense as the prime contractor for its Battlefield Awareness and Data Dissemination program, which is expected to incorporate advanced battlefield visualization and direct broadcast transmission technologies. Computing Devices is also seeking to expand the scope of its product offerings and the markets it serves, including the application of defense developed technologies to business opportunities in civilian and civil government markets, and the exploitation of commercial off-the-shelf technologies. In so doing, Computing Devices may, from time to time, establish cooperative arrangements with other entities where their expertise or familiarity with other markets, products or technologies would prove beneficial. For example, in January 1995, the Company obtained a minority equity investment in ViA, Inc. (formerly Key Idea Development, LLC), which has developed a lightweight, voice-activated wearable computer. In connection therewith, the Company obtained an exclusive license to sell and develop applications for this computer in the military and airline maintenance markets. In August 1995, the Company entered into the DigitalXpress partnership formed to operate a satellite- based data distribution system to provide point to multi-point distribution of multimedia data for military and large commercial customers. Sales and Marketing. Computing Devices markets its products and services through a direct sales force operating in the U.S., Canada, the United Kingdom, France and Malaysia. Sales of products and services are made principally through competitive proposals in response to requests for bids from government agencies and prime contractors. In addition, Computing Devices has independent sales agents who represent Computing Devices' products and services in a number of European and Asian markets. 16 Competition. Computing Devices faces intense competition with respect to all of its products and services. Competition has increased in recent years, largely reflecting factors such as reduced defense spending, consolidation among defense contractors, increasing vertical integration (and a corresponding decrease in subcontracting) on the part of larger defense contractors, and procurement reform efforts (such as an increasing emphasis on the use of commercial off-the-shelf technology). Although many of Computing Devices' competitors are companies (or divisions or subsidiaries of companies) that are larger and have substantially greater financial resources, Computing Devices believes that smaller companies within the defense contracting industry may at times be able to adjust more quickly to changes in the defense contracting environment. The principal competitive factors include price, compliance with technical specifications, service and ability to perform in accordance with the established schedule. Due to the diversity and specialized nature of the products and services provided and the governmental security restrictions applicable to certain of Computing Devices' activities, it is difficult to generalize as to Computing Devices' market position in certain segments of its business. Computing Devices does believe, however, that it is able to compete effectively in each of its market segments with respect to these competitive factors. In particular, Computing Devices believes that its high rate of schedule adherence and demonstrated technological capabilities are two of its principal competitive advantages. In light of market conditions such as decreases in defense spending, increasing price sensitivity from government customers, and over-capacity and consolidation among defense contractors, Computing Devices believes that the ability to become a low cost provider of products and services will be an increasingly important competitive factor. Government Contracts. Approximately 94% and 93% of Computing Devices' revenue for 1995 and 1996, respectively, was derived from contracts with governmental entities or with prime contractors to governmental entities which typically pass through government contracting requirements to their subcontractors. Companies which do business with governments are subject to certain unique business risks. Among these are dependence on annual government appropriations, changing procurement policies and regulations, complexity of design and possible cost overruns. In addition, government efforts to detect and eliminate irregularities in defense procurement programs have increased the complexity and cost of doing business for government contractors. Moreover, any government contractor determined to be in noncompliance with applicable laws and regulations may be subject to penalties and debarment or suspension from receiving additional U.S. Government contracts. Any government contract may also be terminated by the government at any time it believes that such termination would be in its best interests. In such event, Computing Devices would generally be entitled to receive payments for its allowable costs and, in general, a proportionate share of its fee or profit for the work actually performed. Approximately 91% of Computing Devices' 1996 revenue came from government contracts that were fixed price contracts, including the Iris contract. Under this type of contract, the price paid to Computing Devices is not subject to adjustment by reason of the costs incurred by the Company in the performance of the contract, except for costs incurred due to contract changes ordered by the government. Thus, under fixed price contracts, the Company bears the risk of cost overruns, which may result from factors such as the need to bid on programs in advance of design completion, unforeseen technological difficulties, design complexity and uncertain cost factors, particularly in connection with multi-year contracts. Multi-year fixed price contracts in Canada and the United Kingdom do, however, normally allow for price revision based on government price indices. 17 Computing Devices is usually entitled to invoice governments monthly on fixed price and cost reimbursable contracts. Computing Devices does not normally acquire inventory in advance of contract award, and does not maintain significant stocks of finished products for sale. Moreover, Computing Devices obtains advance funding from customers in connection with certain of its contracts. The amount of progress payments and customer advances and the amount of the holdback from such payments and advances affect the amount of working capital necessary for Computing Devices to finance work-in-process costs in the performance of these contracts. Governments typically do not recognize interest or other costs associated with the use of capital and, therefore, the timing of payments may affect Computing Devices' profitability either positively or negatively. Computing Devices also performs work under cost reimbursable and incentive type contracts. Cost reimbursable contracts provide for reimbursement of costs incurred, to the extent such costs are allowable under applicable government regulations, plus a fee. Under incentive type contracts, the amount of profit or fee realized varies with the attainment of incentive goals such as costs incurred, delivery schedule, quality and other criteria. Fixed price contracts normally carry a higher profit rate than cost reimbursable and incentive type contracts to compensate for higher business risk. In addition, laws and regulations applicable to government contracting provide that certain types of costs may not be included in either the directly-billed cost or the indirect overheads for which the government is responsible. Many of these so-called "unallowable" costs include ordinary costs of doing business in a commercial context. These costs must be borne out of the pretax profit of the Company and, thus, tend to reduce margins on government work. Recognition of profits is based upon estimates of final performance, which may change as contracts progress. Work may be performed prior to formal authorization or adjustment of contract price for increased work scope, change orders and other funding adjustments. Because of the complexity of government contracts and applicable regulations, contract disputes may occur. The resolution of such disputes may affect the profitability of Computing Devices in performing these contracts. The Company believes that adequate provision has been made in its financial statements for these and other normal uncertainties incident to the Computing Devices business. International Sales. International sales of Computing Devices' products and services totaled approximately 56% and 59% of Computing Devices' total revenue in 1995 and in 1996, respectively. About 79% of these products and services were produced by the Company's Canadian or United Kingdom subsidiaries for customers in those countries. Because most of Computing Devices' sales involve technologically advanced products, services and expertise, export control regulations can limit the type of products and services that may be offered and the countries and governments to which sales may be made. Computing Devices' international sales are subject to risks inherent in foreign commerce, including currency fluctuations, changes in foreign governments and their policies, differences in foreign laws and difficulties in negotiating and litigating with foreign governments. Computing Devices believes that the location of its international operations tends to minimize certain of these risks, and that it has mitigated other of these risks by obtaining letters of credit and advance payments, by contractual protections on currency fluctuations and by denominating contracts in U.S. dollars where possible. Additional Information Patents and Trademarks. The Company owns or is licensed under a number of patents which relate to its products and are of importance to its business. Certain of the Company's products and services are marketed under federally registered trademarks which are helpful in creating recognition in the marketplace. However, the Company believes that none of its businesses is materially dependent upon any particular patent, license or 18 trademark, or any particular group of patents, licenses or trademarks. Instead, the Company believes that its success and growth are far more dependent, among other things, on the quality of its services and products and its reputation with its customers. Backlog. The Company's reported backlog is attributable to the Defense Electronics segment. Backlog as reported does not include those portions of government contracts for which funding has not yet been approved, but does include the remaining value of the Iris contract. As of December 31, 1996, the backlog of the Company's orders was $851 million, of which $405 million related to the Iris contract and $446 million related to other contracts and programs. At December 31, 1995, the comparable total backlog was $1,004 million, of which Iris represented $557 million and other contracts and programs represented $447 million. The portion of the backlog at the end of 1996 expected to be reflected in 1997 revenue is $418 million (49%), of which Iris represents $161 million and other contracts and programs represent $257 million. The portion of the total backlog under government prime contracts and subcontracts was 85% at December 31, 1996 and 88% at December 31, 1995, while the portion of government contract backlog under fixed-price contracts was 92% and 97% at December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively. In each case, these percentages include the Iris contract, which is a fixed-price contract with the Canadian government. Although the Information Services businesses are typically characterized by long-term customer relationships that result in a high level of recurring revenue, a substantial portion of the customer contracts utilized by these businesses are terminable by the customers upon relatively short notice periods, including contracts that have been extended beyond their original terms. Principally for this reason, the Company does not believe that meaningful backlog information can generally be provided for the Information Services segment. Research and Development. The table below sets forth the amount of the Company's research and development expenses for the periods indicated. Year ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 (Dollars in millions) Research and development $69.4 $54.5 $40.5 Percent of revenues 4.6% 4.1% 3.4% Customer sponsored research and development $61.7 $71.7 $78.2
The Company's research and development efforts, including those sponsored cooperatively by the Company and other participants, are generally described earlier in this Item in the descriptions of the Company's business segments, and in Part II, Item 7 of this report. The amounts shown above as customer sponsored research and development primarily represent government funded product development efforts. Geographic Segment Data. For financial information regarding the Company's U.S. and international operations, see Note K, Segment Data, on page 45 of the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders, which is incorporated herein by reference. Employees. As of December 31, 1996, the Company and its subsidiaries employed approximately 10,800 people on a full- or part-time basis. None of the Company's U.S. employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement, but certain employees in Canadian and United Kingdom subsidiaries are unionized. 19 Item 2. Properties. At February 14, 1997, the Company's principal production and office facilities were located in the metropolitan areas of Minneapolis, Minnesota; Nashville, Tennessee; Atlanta, Georgia; Columbia, Maryland; New York, New York; Fountain Valley and San Francisco, California; St. Louis, Missouri; Ottawa and Calgary, Canada; and London and Hastings, England. The following table summarizes the usage and location of the Company's facilities as of February 14, 1997. FACILITIES (In thousands of square feet) Type of Property Interest U.S. Non-U.S. Worldwide Owned 29 405 434 Leased 3,508 247 3,755 Total Square Feet 3,537 652 4,189 Utilization Manufacturing & Warehousing 252 449 701 Office, Computer Center & Other 2,423 203 2,626 Vacant/Idle 95 -- 95 Leased or Subleased to 767 -- 767 Others Total Square Feet 3,537 652 4,189
The 4.2 million square feet of aggregate space represents a small decrease from February 29, 1996, reflecting an increase in office and computer center space during 1996 that was more than offset by a decrease in vacant and idle space. Space subject to assigned leases is not included in the table above, and the Company remains secondarily liable under all such leases. As of December 31, 1996, these assigned leases involve 1.4 million square feet of space and future rental obligations totaling $23.7 million. The principal elements of these amounts are 0.4 million square feet and $3.7 million related to the spin-off of Control Data Systems, Inc. and 0.8 million square feet and $18.4 million related to the 1989 sale of Imprimis Technology Incorporated to Seagate Technology, Inc. The Company does not anticipate any material nonperformance by the assignees of these leases. Except for one building utilized by Computing Devices' Canadian subsidiary (which is subject to a mortgage securing $5.9 million in debt obligations), no facilities owned by the Company or its subsidiaries are subject to any major encumbrances. The Company believes that all of the facilities it currently utilizes in its continuing operations are adequate for their intended purposes and are adequately maintained. Utilization of those facilities varies among the Company's operations. Generally, most of the facilities relating to the Company's Information Services segment are reasonably necessary for current and anticipated output levels of those businesses, but there is excess production capacity in the Defense Electronics segment. Efforts are ongoing to identify operations and facilities that can be consolidated and to dispose of excess or idle space. 20 Item 3. Legal Proceedings. Information regarding legal proceedings involving the Company and its subsidiaries is contained in Note N, Legal Matters, on page 47 of the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders, which is incorporated herein by reference. Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders. None. 21 Executive Officers of the Registrant The executive officers of Ceridian as of March 1, 1997, are as follows: Executive Name (Age) Position Officer Since Lawrence Perlman (58) Chairman, President and 1980 Chief Executive Officer John R. Eickhoff (56) Executive Vice President 1989 and Chief Financial Officer Loren D. Gross (51) Vice President and 1993 Corporate Controller Ronald James (46) Executive Vice President, and 1996 President and Chief Executive Officer of the Human Resources Group Michael E. Kotten (49) Vice President, 1995 Organization Resources George L. McTavish (55) Executive Vice President, 1995 and Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Comdata Holdings Corporation Stephen B. Morris (53) Executive Vice President, 1992 and President and Chief Executive Officer of Arbitron Steven J. Olson (56) Vice President and General 1994 Counsel Ronald L. Turner (50) Executive Vice President, and 1993 President and Chief Executive Officer of Computing Devices International The executive officers of the Company are elected by the Board of Directors and serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors and the Chief Executive Officer. They are customarily elected each year at the meeting of the Board of Directors held in conjunction with the annual meeting of stockholders. Lawrence Perlman has been President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since January 1990, and was appointed Chairman in November 1992. He is a director of Seagate Technology, Inc., The Valspar Corporation and Computer Network Technology Corporation. Mr. Perlman has been a director of the Company since 1985. John R. Eickhoff has been Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company since May 1995, and was Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company from June 1993 to May 1995. Mr. Eickhoff was Vice President and Corporate Controller of the Company from July 1989 to June 1993. Loren D. Gross has been Vice President and Corporate Controller of the Company since July 1993. Mr. Gross was Assistant Corporate Controller of the Company from March 1987 to July 1993. 22 Ronald James has been Executive Vice President of the Company and President and Chief Executive Officer of its Human Resources Group since January 1996. He was Vice President- Minnesota of US WEST Communications, Inc. from January 1990 to December 1995. Mr. James was a director of the Company from May 1991 through December 1995, and is a director of St. Paul Companies, Inc. and Great Hall Investment Funds, Inc. Michael E. Kotten has been Vice President, Organization Resources of the Company since July 1995. Mr. Kotten was Vice President, Human Resource Services of the Company from September 1994 to July 1995, and Vice President, Compensation and Benefits of the Company from August 1991 to August 1994. George L. McTavish has been Executive Vice President of the Company and Chairman and Chief Executive Officer its Comdata Holdings subsidiary since it was acquired by the Company in December 1995. Mr. McTavish was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Comdata Holdings from March 1992 to December 1995, and was President and Chief Executive Officer of Comdata Holdings from November 1987 to March 1992. Mr. McTavish is a director of Broadway & Seymour, Inc. and Seer Technology Corporation. Stephen B. Morris has been Executive Vice President of the Company and President and Chief Executive Officer of its Arbitron division since January 1996. Mr. Morris was Vice President of the Company and President of Arbitron from December 1992 to January 1996. He was President and Chief Executive Officer of Vidcode, Inc., which electronically monitors, verifies and reports the broadcast of television commercials, from August 1990 to December 1992; and Director and co-founder of Spectra Marketing Systems, a micro-marketing firm, from March 1987 to March 1992. Prior to that time, he spent seventeen years at General Foods Corporation, the last three as General Manager/President of the Maxwell House Division. Steven J. Olson has been Vice President and General Counsel of the Company since October 1994. From October 1984 to October 1994, Mr. Olson was Vice President and Associate General Counsel for the Company. Ronald L. Turner has been Executive Vice President of the Company and President and Chief Executive Officer of its Computing Devices International division since January 1996. Mr. Turner was Vice President of the Company and President of Computing Devices International from January 1993 to January 1996. Mr. Turner was President and Chief Executive Officer, GEC- Marconi Electronics Systems Corporation, a defense electronics company, from March 1987 to January 1993. Mr. Turner is a director of FLIR Systems, Inc. and BTG, Inc. 23 PART II All information incorporated by reference into Items 5 through 8 below is contained in the financial portion of the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders, which is filed with this Report as Exhibit 13. Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters. The Company's common stock, par value $.50 per share ("Common Stock"), is listed and trades on the New York Stock Exchange as well as on the Chicago and Pacific Stock Exchanges. The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices for a share of Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange. 1996 1995 High Low High Low 1st Quarter $46.875 $37.00 $34.50 $26.125 2nd Quarter 54.875 42.50 37.625 31.625 3rd Quarter 51.375 41.625 46.875 36.75 4th Quarter 53.125 39.00 47.50 36.625 The number of holders of record of Common Stock on March 19, 1997 was 14,805. No dividends have been declared or paid on the Common Stock since 1985. Although the Company is not contractually precluded from paying dividends on its Common Stock, it has no present intention of paying such dividends. Item 6. Selected Financial Data. See "Selected Five-Year Data" on the inside front cover, which is incorporated herein by reference. Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" on pages 18 through 25, which is incorporated herein by reference. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. The financial statements described in Item 14(a)1 of this Report are incorporated herein by reference. See "Supplementary Quarterly Data (Unaudited)" on page 49, which is incorporated herein by reference. Item 9. Disagreements on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. None. 24 PART III Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant. See information regarding the directors and nominees for director of Ceridian under the heading "Nominees for Director" on pages 2 and 3 of the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders, May 14, 1997 (the "Proxy Statement"), which is incorporated herein by reference. See the information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 under the heading " Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" on page 23 of the Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference. Information regarding the executive officers of Ceridian is on pages 22 and 23 of this Report, and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 11. Executive Compensation. See information under the headings "Directors' Compensation" on page 4 of the Proxy Statement and "Executive Compensation" on pages 15 through 20 of the Proxy Statement, all of which is incorporated herein by reference. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management. See information under the heading "Share Ownership Information" on pages 21 and 22 of the Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions. None. 25 PART IV Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K. (a) 1. Financial Statements of Registrant Incorporated by reference from the pages indicated in the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders into Part II, Item 8, of this Report: Page Report of Management........................................ 26 Independent Auditors' Report................................ 27 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994............................ 28 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1996 and 1995.................................. 29 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994............................ 30 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the three years ended December 31, 1996..................... 31-48 26 (a) 2. Financial Statement Schedules of Registrant INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT ON FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS CERIDIAN CORPORATION: Under date of January 23, 1997, except as to Note N - Age Discrimination Litigation, which is as of March 5, 1997, we reported on the consolidated balance sheets of Ceridian Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the related consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1996, as contained in the 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders. These consolidated financial statements and our report thereon are incorporated by reference in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year 1996. In connection with our audits of the aforementioned consolidated financial statements, we also audited the related consolidated financial statement schedule as listed in the accompanying index (see Item 14.(a)2.). This financial statement schedule is the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this financial statement schedule based on our audits. In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of other auditors, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. /s/ KPMG Peat Marwick LLP KPMG Peat Marwick LLP Minneapolis, Minnesota January 23, 1997 27 SCHEDULE II CERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Dollars in millions) Restructure and Discontinued Operations Reserves
Employer Computing Arbitron Services Devices TV Consolidation Severance Other Total Reserve Balance 12/31/93 $ 26.1 $ 20.9 $ 0.5 $ 60.5 $ 108.0 1994 Restructure Loss (1) 15.0 15.0 Sale of TeleMoney (2) 14.1 14.1 Cash Payments (17.4) (8.5) (0.5) (27.3) (53.7) Other Non-cash Items 2.4 2.5 4.9 Reserve Balance 12/31/94 $ 11.1 $ 12.4 $ - $ 64.8 $ 88.3 Cash Payments (3.9) (0.7) (13.6) (18.2) Other Non-cash Items 0.3 0.3 Reserve Balance 12/31/95 $ 7.5 $ 11.7 $ - $ 51.2 $ 70.4 Cash Payments (1.6) (2.6) (10.7) (14.9) Other Non-cash Items (3) (0.5) 0.2 1.7 1.4 Reserve Balance 12/31/96 $ 5.4 $ 9.3 $ - $ 42.2 $ 56.9
(1) Does not include a restructure gain $15.0 in 1994. (2) Represents obligations undertaken in connection with the sale of TeleMoney. (3) Primarily proceeds from sale of idled assets which have been reclassified as cash inflow from investing activities. 28 SCHEDULE II (CONT.) CERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Dollars in millions) Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable Year Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 Balance at beginning of year $ 12.4 $ 12.2 $ 11.8 Additions charged to costs and expenses 5.5 6.1 6.3 Write-offs and other adjustments* (6.5) (5.9) (5.9) Balance at end of year $ 11.4 $ 12.4 $ 12.2
(*) Other adjustments include balances removed as a result of sales of businesses. All other financial statement schedules are omitted as the required information is inapplicable or the information is presented in the consolidated financial statements or related notes. 29 (a) 3. Exhibits The following is a complete list of Exhibits filed or incorporated by reference as part of this report. Exhibit Description 2.01 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of August 23, 1995 by and among Ceridian Corporation, Convoy Acquisition Corp. and Comdata Holdings Corporation (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Prospectus contained in the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 33- 64089)) 2.02 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of May 25, 1994, among Tesseract Corporation, Braemar Acquisition Corp. and Ceridian Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 24, 1994, as amended (File No. 1-1969)) 3.01 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Ceridian Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.01 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-54379)) 3.02 Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Ceridian Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996 (File No. 1-1969)) 3.03 Bylaws of Ceridian Corporation, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.01 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1993 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.01* Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement between Ceridian Corporation and Lawrence Perlman, dated as of November 8, 1996 10.02* Executive Employment Agreement between Ceridian Corporation and Ronald L. Turner, dated February 3, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.02 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.03* Executive Employment Agreement between Ceridian Corporation and Stephen B. Morris, dated February 3, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.04 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.04* Executive Employment Agreement between Ceridian Corporation and John R. Eickhoff, dated February 3, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.05 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1069)) 10.05* Executive Employment Agreement between Ceridian Corporation and Ronald James, dated January 1, 1996 * Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit to this Report. 30 10.06* Form of Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement (applicable to agreements between the Company and Ronald L. Turner, Stephen B. Morris, John R. Eickhoff and Ronald James) 10.07* Ceridian Corporation 1993 Non-Employee Director Stock Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2 to the Company's Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders, May 12, 1993 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.08* Ceridian Corporation 1996 Director Performance Incentive Plan, as amended through December 31, 1996 10.09* Ceridian Corporation Amended and Restated 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan (as amended through January 30, 1997) 10.10* Ceridian Corporation 1990 Long-Term Incentive Plan (1992 Restatement) (as amended through October 21, 1994) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.11* Description of the Ceridian Corporation Annual Executive Incentive Plan 10.12* Ceridian Corporation Benefit Equalization Plan, as amended (effective generally as of January 1, 1994) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.13* Ceridian Corporation Employees' Benefit Protection Trust Agreement, dated as of December 1, 1994, between Ceridian Corporation and First Trust National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.14* Ceridian Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File N. 1-1969)) 10.15* First Declaration of Amendment to Ceridian Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan 10.16* Form of Indemnification Agreement between Ceridian Corporation and its Directors 10.17* Form of Ceridian Corporation Performance Restricted Stock Award Agreement 10.18 Agreement for Information Technology Services, dated as of January 10, 1995, between Ceridian Corporation and Integrated Systems Solutions Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.19 Amended and Restated Agreement for Systems Operations Services, dated May 1, 1995, between Comdata Network, Inc. and Integrated Systems Solutions Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 (File No. 1-1969)) * Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit to this Report. 31 10.20 Telecommunications Services Agreement, dated as of December 1, 1994, among Worldcom, Inc., Comdata Network, Inc. and Comdata Telecommunications Services, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.21 Credit Agreement, dated as of December 12, 1995, among Ceridian Corporation, Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association as Agent, and the Financial Institutions Parties Thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 (File No. 1-1969)) 11. Statement Regarding Computation of Per Share Earnings 12. Statements Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Dividends 13. 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders of the Company 21. Subsidiaries of the Company 23.01 Consent of Independent Auditors - KPMG Peat Marwick LLP 23.02 Consent of Independent Auditors - Arthur Andersen LLP 24. Power of Attorney 27. Financial Data Schedule If requested, the Company will provide copies of any of the exhibits listed above upon payment of its reasonable expenses in furnishing such exhibits. The Company will provide to the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, any schedule to any of the foregoing exhibits which has not been filed. Securities authorized pursuant to long-term debt instruments of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries do not exceed 1% of the total assets of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries. The Company will furnish copies of instruments under which such securities are authorized to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request. (b) Reports on Form 8-K The Company filed no reports on Form 8-K during the quarter ended December 31, 1996. The Company did file a report on Form 8-K on January 23, 1997, reporting under Item 5 thereof important factors known to the Company that could cause the Company's actual results in 1997 to differ materially from forward-looking statements made in Company filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and in press releases and other Company publications, and made orally by Company management. This filing was made for purposes of the safe harbor provided for forward- looking statements by Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. 32 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, as of March 24, 1997. CERIDIAN CORPORATION By /s/Lawrence Perlman Lawrence Perlman Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated as of March 24, 1997. /s/Lawrence Perlman /s/J R Eickhoff Lawrence Perlman J. R. Eickhoff Chairman, President and Chief Executive Vice President Executive Officer (Principal and Chief Executive Officer) and Director Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) /s/Loren Gross Loren D. Gross Vice President and Corporate Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) */s/Ruth M. Davis */s/George R. Lewis Ruth M. Davis, Director George R. Lewis, Director */s/Allen W. Dawson */s/Charles Marshall* Allen W. Dawson, Director Charles Marshall, Director */s/Richard G. Lareau */s/Carole J. Uhrich Richard G. Lareau, Director Carole J. Uhrich, Director */s/Richard W. Vieser* Ronald T. LeMay, Director Richard W. Vieser, Director */s/Paul S. Walsh* Paul S. Walsh, Director /s/John A. Haveman *By: John A. Haveman, Attorney-in-fact 33 EXHIBIT INDEX Exhibit Description 2.01 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of August 23, 1995 IBR by and among Ceridian Corporation, Convoy Acquisition Corp. and Comdata Holdings Corporation (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Prospectus contained in the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 33- 64089)) 2.02 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of May 25, IBR 1994, among Tesseract Corporation, Braemar Acquisition Corp. and Ceridian Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 24, 1994, as amended (File No. 1-1969)) 3.01 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Ceridian IBR Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.01 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-54379)) 3.02 Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of IBR Incorporation of Ceridian Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996 (File No. 1-1969)) 3.03 Bylaws of Ceridian Corporation, as amended (incorporated IBR by reference to Exhibit 3.01 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1993 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.01* Amended and Restated Executive Employment E Agreement between Ceridian Corporation and Lawrence Perlman, dated as of November 8, 1996 10.02* Executive Employment Agreement between Ceridian Corporation and Ronald L. Turner, dated February 3, 1995 IBR (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.02 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.03* Executive Employment Agreement between Ceridian IBR Corporation and Stephen B. Morris, dated February 3, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.04 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.04* Executive Employment Agreement between Ceridian IBR Corporation and John R. Eickhoff, dated February 3, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.05 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1069)) 10.05* Executive Employment Agreement between Ceridian E Corporation and Ronald James, dated January 1, 1996 10.06* Form of Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement E (applicable to agreements between the Company and Ronald L. Turner, Stephen B. Morris, John R. Eickhoff and Ronald James) 10.07* Ceridian Corporation 1993 Non-Employee Director Stock Plan IBR (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2 to the Company's Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders, May 12, 1993 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.08* Ceridian Corporation 1996 Director Performance Incentive E Plan, as amended through December 31, 1996 10.09* Ceridian Corporation Amended and Restated 1993 Long-Term E Incentive Plan (as amended through January 30, 1997) 10.10* Ceridian Corporation 1990 Long-Term Incentive Plan (1992 IBR Restatement) (as amended through October 21, 1994) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.11* Description of the Ceridian Corporation Annual Executive E Incentive Plan 10.12* Ceridian Corporation Benefit Equalization Plan, as amended IBR (effective generally as of January 1, 1994) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.13* Ceridian Corporation Employees' Benefit Protection Trust IBR Agreement, dated as of December 1, 1994, between Ceridian Corporation and First Trust National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.14* Ceridian Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan IBR (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File N. 1-1969)) 10.15* First Declaration of Amendment to Ceridian Corporation E Deferred Compensation Plan 10.16* Form of Indemnification Agreement between Ceridian E Corporation and its Directors 10.17* Form of Ceridian Corporation Performance Restricted Stock E Award Agreement 10.18 Agreement for Information Technology Services, dated as of IBR January 10, 1995, between Ceridian Corporation and Integrated Systems Solutions Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.19 Amended and Restated Agreement for Systems Operations IBR Services, dated May 1, 1995, between Comdata Network, Inc. and Integrated Systems Solutions Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.20 Telecommunications Services Agreement, dated as of IBR December 1, 1994, among Worldcom, Inc., Comdata Network, Inc. and Comdata Telecommunications Services, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 (File No. 1-1969)) 10.21 Credit Agreement, dated as of December 12, 1995, among IBR Ceridian Corporation, Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association as Agent, and the Financial Institutions Parties Thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 (File No. 1-1969)) 11. Statement Regarding Computation of Per Share Earnings E 12. Statements Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to E Fixed Charges and Preferred Dividends 13. 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders of the Company E 21. Subsidiaries of the Company E 23.01 Consent of Independent Auditors - KPMG Peat Marwick LLP E 23.02 Consent of Independent Auditors - Arthur Andersen LLP E 24. Power of Attorney E 27. Financial Data Schedule E IBR - Incorporated by reference E - Electronically filed
EX-10.01 2 EXHIBIT 10.01 EXHIBIT 10.01 CERIDIAN CORPORATION AMENDED AND RESTATED EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT PARTIES: CERIDIAN CORPORATION (a Delaware Corporation) 8100 34th Avenue South Minneapolis, Minnesota 55425-1640 and LAWRENCE PERLMAN ("Executive") Dated as of November 8, 1996 RECITALS A. Ceridian Corporation and Executive are parties to an Executive Employment Agreement dated December 13, 1993, which was amended in accordance with an Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement dated June 20, 1996 (as so amended, the "1993 Agreement"). B. Ceridian Corporation wishes to obtain the services of Executive for a period extending beyond the term of the 1993 Agreement, and the Executive wishes to provide his or her services for such period, on the terms and conditions contained in this Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (the "Agreement"). C. Ceridian Corporation desires reasonable protection of the Company's Confidential Information (as defined below). D. Ceridian Corporation desires assurance that Executive will not compete with the Company (as defined below) or engage in recruitment of the Company's employees for a reasonable period of time after termination of employment, and Executive is willing to refrain from competition and recruitment. E. Executive desires to be assured of a minimum Base Salary (as defined below) from Ceridian (as defined below) for Executive's services for the term of this Agreement (unless terminated earlier pursuant to the terms of this Agreement). F. It is expressly recognized by the parties that Executive's acceptance of, and continuance in, Executive's position with Ceridian and agreement to be bound by the terms of this Agreement represents a substantial commitment to Ceridian in terms of 1 Executive's personal and professional career and a foregoing of present and future career options by Executive, for all of which Ceridian receives substantial value. G. The parties recognize that a Change of Control (as defined below) may result in material alteration or diminishment of Executive's position and responsibilities and substantially frustrate the purpose of Executive's commitment to Ceridian and forbearance of options. H. The parties recognize that in light of the above- described commitment and forbearance of options, it is essential that, for the benefit of Ceridian and its stockholders, provision be made for a Change in Control Termination in order to enable Executive to accept and effectively continue in Executive's position in the face of inherently disruptive circumstances arising from the possibility of a Change of Control of Ceridian, although no such change is now contemplated or foreseen. I. The parties wish to replace any and all prior agreements and undertakings with respect to the Executive's employment and Change of Control occurrences and compensation. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of Executive's acceptance of and continuance in Executive's employment for the term of this Agreement and the parties' agreement to be bound by the terms contained herein, the parties agree as follows: ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS 1.01 "Base Salary" shall mean regular cash compensation paid on a periodic basis, before withholding for federal, state and local taxes, exclusive of benefits, bonuses or incentive payments. "Base Salary" shall not be reduced by salary reduction contributions made by Ceridian on behalf of Executive to a cafeteria plan, 401(k) plan or other plan providing for the deferral of compensation. 1.02 "Board" shall mean the Board of Directors of Ceridian. 1.03 "Cause" shall mean (a) fraud, (b) misrepresentation, (c) theft or embezzlement of Company assets, (d) intentional violations of law involving moral turpitude, (e) the continued failure by Executive to satisfactorily perform his or her duties as reasonably assigned to Executive pursuant to Section 2.02 of this Agreement for a period of 60 days after a written demand for such satisfactory performance which specifically identifies the manner in which it is alleged Executive has not satisfactorily performed such duties. 1.04 "Ceridian" shall mean Ceridian Corporation and any successor in interest by way of consolidation, operation of law, merger or otherwise. "Ceridian" shall not include any Subsidiary. 2 1.05 "Committee" shall mean the Compensation and Human Resources Committee of the Board. 1.06 "Company" shall mean Ceridian and any Subsidiary (as that term is defined in Section 1.09). 1.07 "Confidential Information" shall mean information or material which is not generally available to or used by others, or the utility or value of which is not generally known or recognized as standard practice, whether or not the underlying details are in the public domain, including: (a) information or material relating to the Company and its business as conducted or anticipated to be conducted; business plans; operations; past, current or anticipated software, products or services; customers or prospective customers; or research, engineering, development, manufacturing, purchasing, accounting, or marketing activities; (b) information or material relating to the Company's inventions, improvements, discoveries, "know-how," technological developments, or unpublished writings or other works of authorship, or to the materials, apparatus, processes, formulae, plans or methods used in the development, manufacture or marketing of the Company's software, products or services; (c) information which when received is marked as "proprietary," "private," or "confidential;" (d) trade secrets; (e) software in various stages of development, including computer programs in source code and binary code form, software designs, specifications, programming aids (including "library subroutines" and productivity tools), programming languages, interfaces, visual displays, technical documentation, user manuals, data files and databases; and (f) any similar information of the type described above which the Company obtained from another party and which the Company treats as or designates as being proprietary, private or confidential, whether or not owned or developed by the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, "Confidential Information" does not include any information which is properly published or in the public domain; provided, however, that information which is published by or with the aid of Executive outside the scope of employment or contrary to the requirements of this Agreement will not be considered to have been properly published, and therefore will not be in the public domain for purposes of this Agreement. 3 1.08 "Disability" shall mean the inability of Executive to perform his or her duties under this Agreement because of illness or incapacity for a continuous period of five (5) months. 1.09 "Subsidiary" shall mean: (a) any corporation at least a majority of whose securities having ordinary voting power for the election of directors (other than securities having such power only by reason of the occurrence of a contingency) is at the time owned by Ceridian and/or one or more Subsidiaries; and (b) any division or business unit (or portion thereof) of Ceridian or a corporation described in clause (a) of this Section 1.09. ARTICLE II EMPLOYMENT, DUTIES AND TERM 2.01 Employment. Upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, Ceridian hereby employs Executive, and Executive accepts such employment. Except as expressly provided herein, termination of this Agreement by either party shall also terminate Executive's employment by Ceridian. 2.02 Duties. Executive shall devote his full-time and best efforts to the Company and to fulfilling the duties of his position as Chief Executive Officer of Ceridian, which shall include such duties as may from time to time be assigned him by the Board, provided that such duties are reasonably consistent with Executive's education, experience, background and previous duties as Chief Executive Officer of Ceridian. Executive shall comply with Ceridian's policies and procedures to the extent they are not inconsistent with this Agreement, in which case the provisions of this Agreement prevail. 2.03 Term. Subject to the provisions of Articles IV and VII, Executive's employment pursuant to this Agreement shall continue until April 30, 2000. If employment is continued after April 30, 2000 by mutual agreement, such employment shall be terminable at will by either party and this Agreement shall expire. ARTICLE III COMPENSATION AND EXPENSES 3.01 Base Salary. For all services rendered under this Agreement during the term of Executive's employment, Ceridian shall pay Executive an annual Base Salary of $700,000 through December 31, 1997, and an annual Base Salary of $750,000 thereafter. 3.02 Annual Incentive Bonus. Executive shall participate during the term of this Agreement in an executive Annual Incentive Bonus Plan, whose annual payment at "target performance" shall be 65% of annual Base Salary. Terms for the Annual Incentive Bonus Plan, including the criteria for "target performance," shall be determined annually by the Committee, in its sole discretion. Any bonus payable to Executive pursuant to the Annual Incentive Bonus Plan for services rendered hereunder during calendar year 1999 will be paid to Executive on or before December 31, 1999. 4 3.03 Long-Term Incentive Awards. As of the date of this Agreement, Executive shall be granted under the Ceridian Corporation 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan (as amended through May 8, 1996) ("1993 LTIP") (i) an option to purchase 75,000 shares of Ceridian Corporation common stock pursuant to a Stock Option Award Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, and (ii) an option to purchase 150,000 shares of Ceridian Corporation common stock pursuant to a Stock Option Award Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B. Executive shall also be granted under the 1993 LTIP (as it then exists) an option to purchase 75,000 shares of Ceridian Corporation common stock on January 30, 1997 pursuant to a Stock Option Award Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C, and an option to purchase 75,000 shares of Ceridian Corporation common stock on each of April 30, 1997 and July 31, 1997, each such award to be made pursuant to a Stock Option Award Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D. 3.04 Business Expenses. Ceridian shall, in accordance with, and to the extent of, its policies in effect from time to time, bear all ordinary and necessary business expenses incurred by Executive in performing his or her duties as an employee of Ceridian during the term of this Agreement, provided that Executive accounts promptly for such expenses to Ceridian in the manner prescribed from time to time by Ceridian. 3.05 Post-Retirement Expenses. If Executive's employment with Ceridian terminates on or after April 30, 2000 or at an earlier date pursuant to Section 4.05 hereof, Ceridian shall make available to Executive a $200,000 allowance for post- retirement perquisites of Executive's choosing. Within 30 days of the date of such termination, Executive shall provide written notice to Ceridian of payments to be made on his behalf directly to third-party provider(s) of such perquisites, and of any Ceridian property such as office furnishings, artwork or equipment that Executive desires to purchase. Ceridian will debit against the allowance the total of payments to be made to such third-party providers and the fair market value (as determined by Ceridian) of any Ceridian property that it is willing to sell to Executive and will pay the balance of the allowance, less applicable withholding taxes, if any, to Executive within 20 days of its receipt of Executive's written notice. ARTICLE IV EARLY TERMINATION 4.01 Early Termination. Subject to the respective continuing obligations of the parties pursuant to Articles V, VI, and VIII, this Article sets forth the terms for early termination of this Agreement; provided, however, that this Article shall not apply to a Change of Control Termination which is governed solely by the provisions of Article VII. 4.02 Termination for Cause. The Board may terminate this Agreement immediately for Cause by resolution duly adopted by a majority vote of the entire membership of the Board. In the event of termination for Cause pursuant to this Section 4.02, Executive shall be paid at the usual rate of Executive's annual Base Salary through the date of termination specified in any notice of termination. 5 4.03 Termination By Board Without Cause. The Board, by resolution duly adopted by a majority vote of the entire membership of the Board, may terminate this Agreement and Executive's employment without Cause on at least 75 days' written notice. In the event of such termination, compensation shall be paid as follows: (a) Executive shall be paid at the usual rate of his annual Base Salary through the date of termination specified in the notice, provided, however, that the Board shall have the option of making termination of the Agreement and Executive's employment effective immediately upon notice in which case Executive shall be paid a lump sum representing the value of 75 days' worth of Base Salary; (b) Executive shall receive (1) within 15 days following termination, a lump sum payment equivalent to two times the annual Base Salary in effect for Executive immediately prior to the date of such notice of termination, and (2) upon execution and delivery to Ceridian of a release (in the form attached as Exhibit E) of all claims against Ceridian, an additional lump sum payment equivalent to the annual Base Salary in effect for Executive immediately prior to the date of such notice of termination. Executive's entitlement to the lump sum payments described in clauses (1) and (2) of the preceding sentence shall be unaffected by any waiver or limitation by Ceridian of the non-competition obligation contained in Section 6.02. (c) Executive shall be paid an amount equal to (1) the bonus, if any, to which Executive would otherwise have become entitled under the Annual Incentive Bonus Plan as in effect at the time of termination of this Agreement had Executive remained continuously employed for the full fiscal year in which termination occurred and continued to perform his duties in the same manner as they were performed immediately prior to termination, multiplied by (2) a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of whole months Executive was employed in the year in which termination occurred and the denominator of which is 12. The amount payable pursuant to this Section 4.03(c) shall be paid within 15 days after the date such bonus would have been paid had Executive remained employed for the full fiscal year. (d) Executive's rights and benefits under any stock option award granted prior to the date of this Agreement shall become fully vested at termination and all such stock options shall be immediately and fully exercisable. 4.04 Termination By Executive. Executive may terminate this Agreement and Executive's employment without Cause on at least 75 days' written notice to Ceridian. In the event of such termination, Executive shall be paid at the usual rate of his annual Base Salary through the date of termination specified in such notice (but not to exceed 75 days). The Board shall have the option, following receipt of such notice, of making termination of the Agreement and Executive's employment effective immediately, in which case Executive shall be paid a lump sum representing the value of 75 days' worth of Base Salary. 6 4.05 Termination to Retain Designated Successor. If the Committee makes a good faith determination during the term of this Agreement that a person who has been designated by the non- employee members of the Board as the intended successor to Executive as Chief Executive Officer of Ceridian (the "Successor") will accept such position only if his or her employment as Chief Executive Officer of Ceridian becomes effective immediately, the Committee shall so inform Executive and Executive shall promptly notify the Committee of his retirement as an officer and director of Ceridian. Upon the Committee's receipt of Executive's retirement notice, this Agreement and Executive's employment hereunder shall be terminated. In the event of such termination, compensation shall be paid as follows: (a) Executive shall be paid at the usual rate of his annual Base Salary until the later of (1) the end of the calendar year in which such termination occurs, or (2) 75 days after such termination occurs; (b) Executive shall be paid an amount equal to the bonus, if any, to which Executive would otherwise have become entitled under the Annual Incentive Bonus Plan as in effect at the time of termination of this Agreement had Executive remained continuously employed for the full fiscal year in which termination occurred and "target performance" goals had been achieved. The amount payable pursuant to this Section 4.05(b) shall ordinarily be paid at the time such bonus would have been paid had Executive remained employed for the full fiscal year, but will be paid immediately prior to the end of the calendar year in which such termination occurred if Executive so requests. (c) Executive shall be entitled to receive the payment specified in Section 3.05 hereof. (d) For purposes of any stock option or restricted stock award or any other employee benefit plan existing on the date of such termination, Executive's termination pursuant to this Section 4.05 shall be deemed a voluntary termination without Cause by Executive, and his rights and benefits under such awards or plans in light of such termination shall be determined in accordance with the terms of the related award agreements or plans. 4.06 Termination In The Event of Death or Disability. This Agreement shall terminate in the event of death or Disability of Executive. (a) In the event of Executive's death, Ceridian shall pay an amount equal to 12 months of Base Salary at the rate in effect at the time of Executive's death plus the amount Executive would have received under the Annual Incentive Bonus Plan for the year in which termination occurs had "target performance" goals been achieved. Such amount shall be paid (1) to the beneficiary or beneficiaries designated in writing to Ceridian by Executive, (2) in the absence of such designation to the surviving spouse, or (3) if there is no surviving spouse, or such surviving spouse disclaims all or any part, then the full amount, or such disclaimed portion, shall be paid to the executor, administrator or other personal representative of Executive's estate. The amount shall be paid as a 7 lump sum as soon as practicable following Ceridian's receipt of notice of Executive's death. All such payments shall be in addition to any payments due pursuant to Section 4.06(c) below. (b) In the event of Executive's Disability, Base Salary shall be terminated as of the end of the month in which the last day of the five-month period of Executive's inability to perform his duties occurs. (c) In the event of termination by reason of Executive's death or Disability, Ceridian shall pay to Executive an amount equal to (1) the amount Executive would have received under the Annual Incentive Bonus Plan for the year in which termination occurs had "target performance" goals been achieved, multiplied by (2) a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of whole months Executive was employed in the year in which the death or Disability occurred and the denominator of which is 12. The amount payable pursuant to this Section 4.04(c) shall be paid within 15 days after the date such bonus would have been paid had Executive remained employed for the full fiscal year. 4.07 Pension Supplement. If the Board terminates Executive's employment pursuant to Section 4.03, Ceridian shall provide to Executive, out of its general assets, a monthly supplemental retirement benefit in an amount equal to the actuarial equivalent of the difference, if any, between: (a) the monthly benefit to which Executive would have been entitled under the defined benefit pension plan or plans in which he participated immediately prior to his termination of employment if (1) an amount equivalent to three times the annual Base Salary were taken into account for purposes of determining his "final average pay" or similar term (as then defined under the terms of such plan or plans and determined without regard to the limitation on the total amount of compensation that can be taken into account under such plan or plans) for either (A) the year in which Executive's termination of employment occurred; or (B) the prior full year, whichever provides the highest total final average pay; and (2) Executive received one year of additional service credit under any such plan for each year of Base Salary to which Executive is entitled under clauses (1) and (2) of Section 4.03(b); (b) and the amount to which Executive is, in fact, entitled under such plan or plans. The benefit calculated under this Section 4.07 shall be paid at the same time and in the same form as the benefit under the plan with respect to which such calculation is made. 4.08 Entire Termination Payment. The compensation provided for in this Article IV for early termination of this Agreement shall constitute Executive's sole remedy for any such termination. Executive shall not be entitled to any other termination or severance payment which may be payable to Executive under any other agreement between Executive and Ceridian. 8 ARTICLE V CONFIDENTIALITY, DISCLOSURE AND ASSIGNMENT 5.01 Confidentiality. Executive will not, during the term or after the termination or expiration of this Agreement, publish, disclose, or utilize in any manner any Confidential Information obtained while employed by Ceridian. If Executive leaves the employ of Ceridian, Executive will not, without its prior written consent, retain or take away any drawing, writing or other record in any form containing any Confidential Information. 5.02 Business Conduct and Ethics. During the term of employment with Ceridian, Executive will engage in no activity or employment which may conflict with the interest of Ceridian, and will comply with Ceridian's policies and guidelines pertaining to business conduct and ethics. 5.03 Disclosure. Executive will disclose promptly in writing to Ceridian all inventions, discoveries, software, writings and other works of authorship which are conceived, made, discovered, or written jointly or singly on Ceridian time or on Executive's own time, providing the invention, improvement, discovery, software, writing or other work of authorship is capable of being used by Ceridian in the normal course of business, and all such inventions, improvements, discoveries, software, writings and other works of authorship shall belong solely to Ceridian. 5.04 Instruments of Assignment. Executive will sign and execute all instruments of assignment and other papers to evidence the vesting of Executive's entire right, title and interest in such inventions, improvements, discoveries, software, writings or other works of authorship in Ceridian, at the request and the expense of Ceridian, and Executive will do all acts and sign all instruments of assignment and other papers Ceridian may reasonably request relating to applications for patents, copyrights, and the enforcement and protection thereof. If Executive is needed, at any time, to give testimony, evidence, or opinions in any litigation or proceeding involving any patents or copyrights or applications for patents or copyrights, both domestic and foreign, relating to inventions, improvements, discoveries, software, writings or other works of authorship conceived, developed or reduced to practice by Executive, Executive agrees to do so, and if Executive leaves the employ of Ceridian, Ceridian shall pay Executive at a rate mutually agreeable to Executive and Ceridian, plus reasonable traveling or other expenses. 5.05 Inventions Developed on Executive's Own Time. The two immediately preceding sections entitled "Disclosure" and "Instruments of Assignment" do not apply to inventions in which a Ceridian claim of any rights will create a violation of Chapter 47 Minnesota Revised Statutes, Section 1-181.78, reproduced in the attached Exhibit F and constituting the written notification of its Subdivision 3. 5.06 Executive's Declaration. Executive has no inventions, improvements, discoveries, software, writings or other works of authorship useful to Ceridian in the normal course of 9 business, which were conceived, made or written prior to the date of this Agreement and which are excluded from this Agreement. 5.07 Survival. The obligations of this Article V shall survive the expiration or termination of this Agreement. ARTICLE VI NON-COMPETITION, NON-RECRUITMENT 6.01 General. The parties hereto recognize and agree that (a) Executive is a senior executive of Ceridian and is a key executive of Ceridian, (b) Executive has received, and will in the future receive, substantial amounts of Confidential Information, (c) the Company's business is conducted on a worldwide basis, and (d) provision for non-competition and non-recruitment obligations by Executive is critical to the Company's continued economic well-being and protection of the Company's Confidential Information. In light of these considerations, this Article VI sets forth the terms and conditions of Executive's obligations of non-competition and non-recruitment subsequent to the termination of this Agreement and/or Executive's employment for any reason. 6.02 Non-Competition. (a) Unless the obligation is waived or limited by Ceridian in accordance with subsection (b) of this Section 6.02, Executive agrees that for a period of two years following termination of employment for any reason, Executive will not directly or indirectly, alone or as a partner, officer, director, shareholder or executive of any other firm or entity, engage in any commercial activity in competition with any part of the Company's business as conducted as of the date of such termination of employment or with any part of the Company's contemplated business with respect to which Executive has Confidential Information as governed by Article V of this Agreement. For purposes of this subsection (a), "shareholder" shall not include beneficial ownership of less than 5% of the combined voting power of all issued and outstanding voting securities of a publicly held corporation whose stock is traded on a major stock exchange. Also for purposes of this subsection (a), "the Company's business" shall include business conducted by the Company or its affiliates and any partnership or joint venture in which the Company or its affiliates is a partner or joint venturer; provided that, "affiliate" as used in this sentence shall not include any corporation in which the Company has ownership of less than fifteen percent (15%) of the voting stock. (b) At its sole option, Ceridian may, by written notice to Executive within 30 days after the effective date of termination of Executive's employment, waive or limit the time and/or geographic area in which Executive cannot engage in competitive activity. (c) During the term of the non-competition obligation, prior to accepting employment with, or agreeing to provide consulting services to, any firm which offers products or 10 services in the fields of electronics or information processing, Executive shall give 30 days prior written notice to Ceridian. Such written notice shall describe the proposed employment or consulting services and the firm to which they will be rendered. Ceridian's failure to respond or object to such notice shall not in any way constitute acquiescence or waiver of Ceridian's rights under this Article VI. (d) During any period of non-competition pursuant to this Article VI, Ceridian shall pay Executive an amount equal to the usual rate of Executive's Base Salary in effect at the time of termination. There shall be credited against Ceridian's obligation to make such payments any other payments made by Ceridian to Executive pursuant to Article IV of this Agreement. In the event that Ceridian elects, pursuant to subsection (b) of this Section 6.02, to waive all or any portion of the non-competition obligation, no payment shall be required by Ceridian with respect to the portion of the non-competition period which has been waived. 6.03 Non-Recruitment. For a period of two years following termination of employment for any reason, Executive will not initiate or actively participate in any other employer's recruitment or hiring of the Company's executives. This provision shall not preclude Executive from responding to a request (other than by Executive's employer) for a reference with respect to an individual's employment qualifications. 6.04 Survival. The obligations of this Article VI shall survive the expiration or termination of this Agreement. ARTICLE VII CHANGE OF CONTROL 7.01 Definitions. For purposes of this Article VII, the following definitions shall be applied: (a) "Benefit Plan" means any formal or informal plan, program or other arrangement heretofore or hereafter adopted by the Company for the direct or indirect provision of compensation to the Executive (including groups or classes of participants or beneficiaries of which the Executive is a member), whether or not such compensation is deferred, is in the form of cash or other property or rights, or is in the form of a benefit to or for the Executive. (b) "Change of Control" shall mean any of the following events: (1) a merger or consolidation to which Ceridian is a party if the individuals and entities who were stockholders of Ceridian immediately prior to the effective date of such merger or consolidation have beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of less than 50% of the total combined voting power for election of directors of the surviving corporation immediately following the effective date of such merger or consolidation; or 11 (2) the direct or indirect beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) in the aggregate of securities of Ceridian representing 25% or more of the total combined voting power of Ceridian's then issued and outstanding securities by any person or entity, or group of associated persons or entities acting in concert; or (3) the sale of the properties and assets of Ceridian, substantially as an entirety, to any person or entity which is not a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ceridian; or (4) the stockholders of Ceridian approve any plan or proposal for the liquidation of Ceridian; or (5) a change in the composition of the Board at any time during any consecutive 24 month period such that the "Continuity Directors" cease for any reason to constitute at least a 70% majority of the Board. For purposes of this clause, "Continuity Directors" means those members of the Board who either (A) were directors at the beginning of such consecutive 24 month period, or (B) were elected by, or on the nomination or recommendation of, at least a two- thirds majority of the then-existing Board. (c) "Change of Control Compensation" means any payment or benefit (including any transfer of property) in the nature of compensation, to or for the benefit of Executive under this Agreement or any Other Agreement or Benefit Plan, which is considered to be contingent on a Change of Control for purposes of Section 280G of the Code. (d) "Change of Control Termination" means, with respect to Executive, either of the following events occurring within two years after a Change of Control: (1) Termination of Executive's employment by Ceridian for any reason other than (A) fraud, (B) theft or embezzlement of Ceridian assets, (C) intentional violations of law involving moral turpitude, or (D) the substantial and continuing failure by Executive to satisfactorily perform his or her duties as reasonably assigned to Executive pursuant to Section 2.02 of Article II of this Agreement for a period of 60 days after a written demand for such satisfactory performance which specifically identifies the manner in which it is alleged Executive has not satisfactorily performed such duties; or (2) Termination of employment with Ceridian by Executive pursuant to Section 7.02 of this Article VII. A Change of Control Termination by Executive shall not, however, include termination by reason of death or Disability. 12 (e) "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Any reference to a section of the Code shall include the corresponding section of such Code as from time to time amended. (f) "Excise Tax" means any applicable federal excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code. (g) "Good Reason" means a good faith determination by Executive, in Executive's sole and absolute judgment, that any one or more of the following events has occurred, without Executive's express written consent, after a Change of Control: (1) A change in Executive's reporting responsibilities, titles or offices as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control, or any removal of Executive from, or any failure to re-elect Executive to, any of such positions, which has the effect of materially diminishing Executive's responsibility or authority; (2) A reduction by Ceridian in Executive's Base Salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control or as the same may be increased from time to time thereafter; (3) Ceridian requiring Executive to be based anywhere other than within 25 miles of Executive's job location at the time of the Change of Control; (4) Without replacement by plans, programs, or arrangements which, taken as a whole, provide benefits to Executive at least reasonably comparable to those discontinued or adversely affected, (A) the failure by Ceridian to continue in effect, within its maximum stated term, any pension, bonus, incentive, stock ownership, purchase, option, life insurance, health, accident, disability, or any other employee compensation or benefit plan, program or arrangement, in which Executive is participating immediately prior to a Change of Control; or (B) the taking of any action by Ceridian that would materially adversely affect Executive's participation or materially reduce Executive's benefits under any of such plans, programs or arrangements; (5) The failure by Ceridian to provide office space, furniture, and secretarial support at least comparable to that provided Executive immediately prior to the Change of Control or the taking of any similar action by Ceridian that would materially adversely affect the working conditions in or under which Executive performs his or her employment duties; (6) If Executive's primary employment duties are with a Subsidiary, the sale, merger, contribution, transfer or any other transaction in conjunction with which Ceridian's ownership interest in such Subsidiary decreases below the level specified in Section 1.07 of Article I unless (A) this Agreement is assigned to the purchaser/transferee with the provisions of 13 Article VII in full force and effect and operative as if a Change of Control had occurred with respect to the purchaser/transferee immediately after the purchase/transfer becomes effective, and (B) such purchaser/transferee has a creditworthiness reasonably equivalent to Ceridian's; or (7) Any material breach of this Agreement by Ceridian. (g) "Other Agreements" means any agreement, contract or understanding heretofore or hereafter entered into between Executive and Ceridian for the direct or indirect provision of compensation to Executive. (h) "Reduced Amount" means the largest amount that could be received by a Participant as Change of Control Compensation such that no portion of such Change of Control Compensation would be subject to the Excise Tax. 7.02 Change of Control Termination Right. For a period of two years following a Change of Control, Executive shall have the right, at any time and within Executive's sole discretion, to terminate employment with Ceridian for Good Reason. Such termination shall be accomplished by, and effective upon, Executive giving written notice to Ceridian of Executive's decision to terminate. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, upon the exercise of said right, all obligations and duties of Executive under this Agreement shall be of no further force and effect. 7.03 Change of Control Termination Payment. In the event of a Change of Control Termination, and subject to the "Limitation on Change of Control Compensation" contained in Section 7.04, then, and without further action by the Board, Compensation Committee or otherwise, Ceridian shall, within five days of such termination, make a lump sum payment to Executive in an amount equal to one dollar ($1.00) less than three times the average annualized compensation, as defined by Section 280G of the Code, received by Executive from Ceridian and includible in Executive's gross income for federal income tax purposes for the five most recent taxable years of the Executive ending before the date upon which the Change in Control occurred (or such portion of such period during which Executive was an employee of Ceridian). 7.04 Limitation on Change of Control Compensation. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement or of any Other Agreement or Benefit Plan, if any Change of Control Compensation would be considered a "parachute payment" within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code and if, after reduction for any Excise Tax and federal income tax imposed by the Code, Executive's net proceeds of such Change of Control Compensation would be less than the amount of Executive's net proceeds resulting from the payment of the Reduced Amount after reduction for federal income taxes, then the Change of Control Compensation payable to Executive shall be limited to the Reduced Amount. The determinations required by the preceding sentence shall be made by the firm of independent certified public accountants serving as the outside auditor of Ceridian as of the date of the applicable Change of Control, and such determinations shall be binding upon Ceridian and 14 Executive. If Change of Control Compensation to Executive is limited to the Reduced Amount, then Executive shall have the right, in his or her sole discretion, to designate those payments or benefits under this Agreement, any Other Agreements and/or any Benefit Plans that should be reduced or eliminated so as to avoid having Executive's Change of Control Compensation be subject to the Excise Tax. If Executive fails to make such designation within 30 days of having received notification that such designation is required, Ceridian shall make such designations and shall promptly inform Executive of its actions in such regard. 7.05 Interest. In the event Ceridian does not make timely payment in full of the Change of Control Termination payment described in Section 7.03, Executive shall be entitled to receive interest on any unpaid amount at the lower of: (a) the prime rate of interest (or such comparable index as may be adopted) established from time to time by the First Bank National Association, Minneapolis, Minnesota; or (b) the maximum rate permitted under Section 280G(d)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code." 7.06 Attorneys' Fees. In the event Executive incurs any legal expense to enforce or defend his or her rights under this Article VII of this Agreement, or to recover damages for breach thereof, Executive shall be entitled to recover from Ceridian any expenses for attorneys' fees and disbursements incurred. 7.07 Benefits Continuation. In the event of a Change of Control Termination, Executive (and anyone entitled to claim under or through Executive) shall, until age 65, be entitled to receive from Ceridian the same or equivalent health, dental, accidental death and dismemberment, short and long-term disability, life insurance coverages, and all other insurance policies and health and welfare benefits programs, policies or arrangements, at the same levels and coverages as Executive was receiving on the day immediately prior to the Change of Control. To the extent that election of continuation of any of such coverages, programs, policies, or arrangements is at that time made available to employees terminating at age 55 with fifteen or more years of service, Executive shall be required to pay no more for continuation than is required of such employees on the day immediately prior to the Change of Control. If no such continuation program is available, Executive shall be required to pay no more than he paid as an active employee, or if provided by Ceridian at no cost to employees on the day immediately prior to the Change of Control, they shall continue to be made available to Executive on this basis. 7.08 Pension Supplement. (a) In the event of a Change of Control Termination, Ceridian shall, within five days, make a lump sum payment to Executive in an amount equal to the actuarial equivalent of the difference, if any, between: (1) the monthly benefit to which Executive would have been entitled under the defined benefit pension plan or plans in which he participated immediately prior to his Change of Control Termination if the amount of payment to which Executive is entitled under Section 7.03 were taken into account for purposes of 15 determining his "final average pay" or similar term (as then defined under the terms of such plan or plans and determined without regard to the limitation on the total amount of compensation that can be taken into account under such plan or plans) for either (A) the year in which the Change of Control Termination occurred; or (B) the prior full year, whichever provides the highest total final average pay; and (2) the amount to which Executive is, in fact, entitled under such plan or plans. For purposes of determining actuarial equivalencies for the preceding sentence, the actuarial factors specified in the particular plan or plans with respect to which the determination is being made shall be applied. (b) In the event of a Change of Control occurring after Executive has become entitled to receive a pension supplement under Section 4.07, Ceridian shall, within five days of the Change of Control, make a lump sum payment equivalent to the then present value of any such vested future benefits. Said lump sum payment shall constitute full satisfaction of Executive's entitlement under said Section 4.07. ARTICLE VIII GENERAL PROVISIONS 8.01 No Adequate Remedy. The parties declare that it is impossible to measure in money the damages which will accrue to either party by reason of a failure to perform any of the obligations under this Agreement. Therefore, if either party shall institute any action or proceeding to enforce the provisions hereof, such party against whom such action or proceeding is brought hereby waives the claim or defense that such party has an adequate remedy at law, and such party shall not urge in any such action or proceeding the claim or defense that such party has an adequate remedy at law. 8.02 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of Ceridian, whether by way of merger, consolidation, operation of law, assignment, purchase or other acquisition of substantially all of the assets or business of Ceridian, and any such successor or assign shall absolutely and unconditionally assume all of Ceridian's obligations hereunder. 8.03 Notices. All notices, requests and demands given to or made pursuant hereto shall, except as otherwise specified herein, be in writing and be delivered or mailed to any such party at its address shown below: (a) If to Ceridian: Ceridian Corporation 8100 34th Avenue South Minneapolis, Minnesota 55425-1640 16 Attention: Office of General Counsel (b) If to Executive: At the address listed on the last page of this Agreement. Either party may, by notice hereunder, designate a changed address. Any notice, if mailed properly addressed, postage prepaid, registered or certified mail, shall be deemed dispatched on the registered date or that stamped on the certified mail receipt, and shall be deemed received within the second business day thereafter or when it is actually received, whichever is sooner. 8.04 Captions. The various headings or captions in this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. 8.05 Governing Law. The validity, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Minnesota and any and every legal proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought in the appropriate courts of the State of Minnesota, each of the parties hereby consenting to the exclusive jurisdiction of said courts for this purpose. The parties hereto expressly recognize and agree that the implementation of this Governing Law provision is essential in light of the fact that Ceridian's corporate headquarters and its principal executive offices are located within the State of Minnesota, and there is a critical need for uniformity in the interpretation and enforcement of the employment agreements between Ceridian and its senior executives. 8.06 Construction. Wherever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective only to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. 8.07 Waivers. No failure on the part of either party to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right or remedy hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or remedy granted hereby or by any related document or by law. 8.08 Modification. This Agreement may not be and shall not be modified or amended except by written instrument signed by the parties hereto. 8.09 Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto in reference to all the matters herein agreed upon. This Agreement replaces in full all prior employment agreements or understandings of the parties hereto, and any and all such prior agreements or understandings are hereby rescinded by mutual agreement. 17 8.10 Arbitration. Because the parties recognize that resolving any future differences in the courts can require a long time and great expense, Ceridian and Executive agree that their only remedy for disputes either may have with the other and that arise out of Executive's employment, or any aspect of this Agreement, shall be to submit all disputes to final and binding arbitration in accordance with the Employment Dispute Resolution Rules of the American Arbitration Association. The aggrieved party must send a written notice of claim to the other party by certified mail, return receipt requested to the address listed in Section 8.03 of this Agreement. The arbitrator shall apply the law in accordance with this Agreement, or federal law, or both, as applicable to the claim(s) asserted. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, The parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the day and year first above written. LAWRENCE PERLMAN CERIDIAN CORPORATION /s/ Lawrence Perlman By: /s/ Paul S. Walsh Title:Chairman, Compensation Committee Date: Address: 18 EXHIBIT A CERIDIAN CORPORATION EMPLOYEE NON-STATUTORY STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan This Agreement is between Ceridian Corporation (the "Company") and Lawrence Perlman (the "Participant") as of November 8, 1996 (the "Date of Grant") pursuant to the 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan of the Company (the "Plan") to evidence the grant of a Non-Statutory Stock Option (the "Stock Option") to the Participant pursuant to the Plan. Any capitalized term used herein which is defined in the Plan shall have the same meaning as set forth therein. 1. Effective as of the Date of Grant, the Company has granted to the Participant the option to purchase from the Company, and the Company has agreed to sell to the Participant, 75,000 shares of Common Stock at a price of $49.00 per share (the "Option Shares"). 2. This Stock Option shall become void and expire at midnight (Minneapolis time) on the tenth anniversary of the Date of Grant and may not be exercised after that time. 3. Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 4, 5, 6 and 7, and provided the Participant has been continuously employed by the Company or a Subsidiary since the Date of Grant, on November 8, 1997, this Stock Option shall become exercisable with respect to one-third of the Option Shares, and upon each succeeding November 8 this Stock Option shall become exercisable with respect to an additional one-third of the Option Shares. 4. If Participant's employment should be terminated by the Company or any Subsidiary for Cause (as defined in Section 1.03 of the Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of November 8, 1996, between Executive and the Company (the "Employment Agreement")), this Stock Option may not be exercised after such termination of employment, and all rights of the Participant under the Plan and this Agreement will immediately terminate. 5. If the Participant's employment with the Company and all Subsidiaries should terminate by reason of death or Disability, the Stock Option shall become immediately exercisable in full and will remain exercisable for the period specified in paragraph 2 of this Agreement. 6. If the Participant's employment with the Company and all Subsidiaries should terminate by reason of Retirement, the Stock Option shall continue to become exercisable in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Plan, and may be exercised at any time before it becomes void and expires as set forth in paragraph 2 hereof. 7. Subject to paragraph 8 hereof, if the Participant's employment with the Company and all Subsidiaries should terminate for any reason other than as provided in paragraphs 4, 5 and 6 hereof, the Participant shall forfeit any portion of the Stock Option that has not yet become exercisable as of the employment termination date. To the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise the Stock Option as of the date of such termination, the Stock Option will remain exercisable for a period of 90 days after the date of such termination (but in no event after the time it becomes void and expires as set forth in paragraph 2 hereof). 8. If a Change of Control occurs, and if this Stock Option has been outstanding for at least three months from the Date of Grant, then the Participant shall have the rights, if any, to accelerated exercisability of this Stock Option as are specified in Section 12 of the Plan as in effect on the date of the Change of Control. 9. Nothing in the Plan or this Agreement shall confer upon the Participant any right with respect to continuance of employment by the Company or any Subsidiary, nor interfere in any way with the right of the Company or a Subsidiary to terminate the Participant's employment at any time. 10. (a) Except as provided in paragraph 10(b) below, this Option grant, the Stock Option forming a part thereof, and the Participant's rights under this Agreement shall be nontransferable (i.e., may not be sold, pledged, donated or otherwise assigned or transferred) by the Participant, either voluntarily or involuntarily, except by will or by applicable law, and any attempt to do so shall void this Stock Option grant and Agreement. Except as provided in paragraph 10(b) below, this Stock Option shall be exercisable during the Participant's lifetime only by the Participant or by the Participant's guardian or other legal representative. (b) This Stock Option and the Participant's rights under this Agreement may be transferred by the Participant to (i) the spouse, ex-spouse, children, step-children or grandchildren of the Participant (the "Family Members"), (ii) a trust or trusts for the exclusive benefit of such Family Members, (iii) a partnership in which such Family Members are the only partners, or (iv) such other persons or entities as the Committee, in its discretion, may permit, provided that (1) there may be no consideration for such a transfer (other than the possible receipt of an ownership interest in an entity to which such a transfer is made), (2) timely written notice of the transfer must be provided to the Company by the Participant, and (3) subsequent transfers of this Stock Option are prohibited except for those in accordance with paragraph 10(a) above. Following transfer, this Stock Option and the rights of any transferee with respect thereto shall continue to be subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable immediately prior to the transfer, including that the events of termination of employment as provided in this Agreement shall continue to be applied with respect to the Participant, with the transferee bound by the consequences of any such termination of employment as specified in this Agreement. The Company shall be under no obligation to provide notice of termination of the Participant's employment to any transferee of this Stock Option. Notwithstanding any transfer of this Stock Option, the Participant shall remain subject to and liable for any employment-related taxes in connection with the exercise of this Stock Option. 2 11. Neither the Participant nor any other person shall have any rights as a stockholder with respect to any Option Shares until the Participant or other person shall have become a holder of record of such shares and, except as otherwise provided in Section 4.4 of the Plan, no adjustments shall be made for dividends or other distributions or rights as to which there is a record date preceding the date the Participant becomes the holder of record of such shares. 12. This Agreement is subject to all of the terms and conditions of the Plan and, where any questions or interpretations arise, the terms and conditions of the Plan and the rules of the Committee administering the Plan shall control. 13. Any notice to be given with respect to this Stock Option, including without limitation a notice of exercise, shall be addressed to the Company, Attention: Corporate Treasury, at its principal executive office in Minneapolis, Minnesota and any notice to be given to the Participant shall be addressed to the Participant at the address given beneath the Participant's signature hereto, or at such other address as either party may hereafter designate in writing to the other. 14. Any notice of stock option exercise must specify the number of shares with respect to which the Stock Option is being exercised and be accompanied by either (i) payment in full of the purchase price for the shares exercised or (ii) a Broker Exercise Notice in form and substance satisfactory to the Company. The exercise of the Stock Option shall be deemed effective upon receipt by Corporate Treasury of such notice and payment of the exercise price from the Participant or the broker or dealer named in the Broker Exercise Notice. Any such notice will not be deemed given until actual receipt by Corporate Treasury. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Ceridian Corporation has executed this Agreement by duly authorized signature and the Participant has signed this Agreement effective as of the date first written above. CERIDIAN CORPORATION PARTICIPANT By Secretary Lawrence Perlman PARTICIPANT'S MAILING ADDRESS 3 EXHIBIT B CERIDIAN CORPORATION EMPLOYEE NON-STATUTORY STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan This Agreement is between Ceridian Corporation (the "Company") and Lawrence Perlman (the "Participant") as of November 8, 1996 (the "Date of Grant") pursuant to the Ceridian Corporation 1993 Long- Term Incentive Plan (the "Plan") to evidence the grant of a Non- Statutory Stock Option (the "Stock Option") to the Participant pursuant to the Plan. Any capitalized term used herein which is defined in the Plan shall have the same meaning as set forth in the Plan. 1. Effective as of the Date of Grant, the Company has granted to the Participant the option to purchase from the Company, and the Company has agreed to sell to the Participant, 150,000 shares of Common Stock at a price of $49.00 per share (the "Option Shares"). 2. This Stock Option shall become void and expire at midnight (Minneapolis time) on the tenth anniversary of the Date of Grant and may not be exercised after that time. 3. Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 4 through 8 of this Agreement, and provided the Participant has been continuously employed by the Company or a Subsidiary since the Date of Grant, this Stock Option shall become exercisable with respect to all of the Option Shares on November 8, 2003. 4. Subject to paragraphs 5 through 8 of this Agreement, the exercisability of all of the Option Shares shall be accelerated to April 30, 2000 if, in connection with Participant's Retirement, the conditions specified in subparagraphs 4(a) and (b) are satisfied on that date. (a) The successor to Participant as chief executive officer of the Company shall have been designated by a majority vote of the non-employee members of the Board and such person shall be employed by the Company (or one of its Subsidiaries). (b) The average closing price of a share of the Company's common stock on the New York Stock Exchange for any 20 consecutive trading days during the 180 day period ending April 28, 2000 must be greater than or equal to $70.00. The per share price specified in subparagraph 4(b) shall be subject to appropriate adjustment as provided in Section 3.2(a) of the Plan so as to prevent diminution or enlargement of Participant's rights hereunder if events of the type specified in Section 3.2(c)of the Plan (such as stock splits or stock dividends) occur. 5. If Participant's employment should be terminated by the Company or any Subsidiary for Cause (as defined in Section 1.03 of the Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of November 8, 1996, between Executive and the Company (the "Employment Agreement")), this Stock Option may not be exercised after such termination of employment, and all rights of the Participant under the Plan and this Agreement will immediately terminate. 6. (a) Subject to paragraph 8 hereof, if Participant's employment with the Company terminates pursuant to Section 4.05 of the Employment Agreement, and if the person specified in subparagraph 4(a) hereof is employed by the Company on such termination date, then the exercisability of some or all of the Option Shares may be accelerated. The portion of the Option Shares as to which exercisability shall be accelerated pursuant to this paragraph 6 (referred to herein as the "Accelerated Exercisability Shares") shall be determined in accordance with the following formula: Accelerated Exercisability Ratio x Option Shares = Accelerated Exercisability Shares where the Accelerated Exercisability Ratio shall be determined by dividing (a) the difference between (i) the average closing price of a share of the Company's common stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the 20 consecutive trading days ending the day before the date Participant's employment terminates pursuant to Section 4.05 of the Employment Agreement (the "Average Price") and (ii) the Stock Option exercise price specified in paragraph 1 hereof (the "Exercise Price") by (b) the difference between (i) $70.00 and (ii) the Exercise Price. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Accelerated Exercisability Ratio shall under no circumstances be more than 1.00, and shall be zero if the increase from the Exercise Price to the Average Price reflects a compound annualized rate of appreciation for the time period from the Date of Grant to Participant's employment termination date of less than 11%. (b) To illustrate the operation of subparagraph 6(a) hereof, if Participant's employment with the Company terminates on November 8, 1998 pursuant to Section 4.05 of the Employment Agreement, if the average closing price of a share of the Company's common stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the 20 consecutive trading days ending November 7, 1998 is $63.00 (which reflects a compound annualized rate of appreciation from the Date of Grant to November 8, 1998 of more than 11%), and if the condition set forth in subparagraph 4(a) is then satisfied, 100,000 of the Option Shares would be subject to accelerated exercisability, computed as follows: ($63.00 - $49.00) x 150,000 = 100,000 ($70.00 - $49.00) 7. Subject to paragraph 8 hereof, if the Participant's employment with the Company and all Subsidiaries terminates for any reason other than as provided in paragraphs 5 and 6 hereof, the Participant shall forfeit any portion of the Stock Option that has not yet become exercisable as of the employment termination date. To the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise the Stock Option as of the date of such termination, the Stock Option will remain exercisable for the period specified in paragraph 2 of this Agreement. The Participant expressly consents to any amendment of Sections 10.1(a) and 10.2(a) of the Plan that would permit the Committee to provide in an agreement evidencing the grant of an Option under the Plan for different treatment of such an Option upon termination of employment due to death, Disability or Retirement than is specified in Sections 10.1(a) and 10.2(a) of the Plan, and Participant further expressly consents to the treatment of the Stock Option granted hereunder in the manner specified in paragraphs 6 and 7 of this Agreement in the event of his death or under circumstances that would or could otherwise constitute "Disability" or "Retirement" as defined in the Plan. 8. If (i) a Change of Control occurs, (ii) this Stock Option has been outstanding for at least three months from the Date of Grant, and (iii) the average closing price of a share of the Company's common stock on the New York Stock Exchange during any 20 consecutive trading days during the 180 day period ending on the date of the Change of Control has been greater than or equal to $70.00, then and only then will the Participant have the rights, if any, to accelerated exercisability of this Stock Option as are specified in Section 12.2(a) of the Plan as in effect on the date of the Change of Control. 2 9. Nothing in the Plan or this Agreement shall confer upon the Participant any right with respect to continuance of employment by the Company or any Subsidiary, nor interfere in any way with the right of the Company or a Subsidiary to terminate the Participant's employment at any time. 10. (a) Except as provided in paragraph 10(b) below, this Option grant, the Stock Option forming a part thereof, and the Participant's rights under this Agreement shall be nontransferable (i.e., may not be sold, pledged, donated or otherwise assigned or transferred) by the Participant, either voluntarily or involuntarily, except by will or by applicable law, and any attempt to do so shall void this Stock Option grant and Agreement. Except as provided in paragraph 10(b) below, this Stock Option shall be exercisable during the Participant's lifetime only by the Participant or by the Participant's guardian or other legal representative. (b) This Stock Option and the Participant's rights under this Agreement may be transferred by the Participant to (i) the spouse, ex-spouse, children, step-children or grandchildren of the Participant (the "Family Members"), (ii) a trust or trusts for the exclusive benefit of such Family Members, (iii) a partnership in which such Family Members are the only partners, or (iv) such other persons or entities as the Committee, in its discretion, may permit, provided that (1) there may be no consideration for such a transfer (other than the possible receipt of an ownership interest in an entity to which such a transfer is made), (2) timely written notice of the transfer must be provided to the Company by the Participant, and (3) subsequent transfers of this Stock Option are prohibited except for those in accordance with paragraph 10(a) above. Following transfer, this Stock Option and the rights of any transferee with respect thereto shall continue to be subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable immediately prior to the transfer, including that the events of termination of employment as provided in this Agreement shall continue to be applied with respect to the Participant, with the transferee bound by the consequences of any such termination of employment as specified in this Agreement. The Company shall be under no obligation to provide notice of termination of the Participant's employment to any transferee of this Stock Option. Notwithstanding any transfer of this Stock Option, the Participant shall remain subject to and liable for any employment-related taxes in connection with the exercise of this Stock Option. 11. Neither the Participant nor any other person shall have any rights as a stockholder with respect to any Option Shares until the Participant or other person shall have become a holder of record of such shares and, except as otherwise provided in Section 4.4 of the Plan, no adjustments shall be made for dividends or other distributions or rights as to which there is a record date preceding the date the Participant becomes the holder of record of such shares. 12. Except as provided in paragraphs 7 and 8 of this Agreement, this Agreement is subject to all of the terms and conditions of the Plan and, where any questions or interpretations arise, the terms and conditions of the Plan and the rules of the Committee administering the Plan shall control. 13. Any notice to be given with respect to this Stock Option, including without limitation a notice of exercise, shall be addressed to the Company, Attention: Corporate Treasury, at its principal executive office in Minneapolis, Minnesota and any notice to be given to the Participant shall be addressed to the Participant at the address given beneath the Participant's signature hereto, or at such other address as either party may hereafter designate in writing to the other. 14. Any notice of stock option exercise must specify the number of shares with respect to which the Stock Option is being exercised and be accompanied by either (i) payment in full of the purchase price for the shares exercised or (ii) a Broker Exercise Notice in form and substance satisfactory to the 3 Company. The exercise of the Stock Option shall be deemed effective upon receipt by Corporate Treasury of such notice and payment of the exercise price from the Participant or the broker or dealer named in the Broker Exercise Notice. Any such notice will not be deemed given until actual receipt by Corporate Treasury. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Ceridian Corporation has executed this Agreement by duly authorized signature and the Participant has signed this Agreement effective as of the date first written above. CERIDIAN CORPORATION PARTICIPANT By Secretary Lawrence Perlman PARTICIPANT'S MAILING ADDRESS 4 EXHIBIT C CERIDIAN CORPORATION EMPLOYEE NON-STATUTORY STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan This Agreement is between Ceridian Corporation (the "Company") and Lawrence Perlman (the "Participant") as of January 30, 1997 (the "Date of Grant") pursuant to the 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan of the Company (the "Plan") to evidence the grant of a Non-Statutory Stock Option (the "Stock Option") to the Participant pursuant to the Plan. Any capitalized term used herein which is defined in the Plan shall have the same meaning as set forth therein. 1. Effective as of the Date of Grant, the Company has granted to the Participant the option to purchase from the Company, and the Company has agreed to sell to the Participant, 75,000 shares of Common Stock at a price of $37.00 per share (the "Option Shares"). 2. This Stock Option shall become void and expire at midnight (Minneapolis time) on the tenth anniversary of the Date of Grant and may not be exercised after that time. 3. Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 4, 5, 6 and 7, and provided the Participant has been continuously employed by the Company or a Subsidiary since the Date of Grant, on January 30, 1998 this Stock Option shall become exercisable with respect to one-third of the Option Shares, and upon each succeeding January 30 this Stock Option shall become exercisable with respect to an additional one-third of the Option Shares. 4. If Participant's employment should be terminated by the Company or any Subsidiary for Cause (as defined in Section 1.03 of the Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of November 8, 1996, between Executive and the Company (the "Employment Agreement")), this Stock Option may not be exercised after such termination of employment, and all rights of the Participant under the Plan and this Agreement will immediately terminate. 5. If the Participant's employment with the Company and all Subsidiaries should terminate by reason of death or Disability or pursuant to Section 4.05 of the Employment Agreement, the Stock Option shall become immediately exercisable in full and will remain exercisable for the period specified in paragraph 2 of this Agreement. 6. Subject to paragraph 7 hereof, if the Participant's employment with the Company and all Subsidiaries of the Company should terminate for any reason other than as provided in paragraphs 4 and 5 hereof, the Participant shall forfeit any portion of the Stock Option that has not yet become exercisable as of the employment termination date. To the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise the Stock Option as of the date of such termination, the Stock Option will remain exercisable for the period specified in paragraph 2 of this Agreement. The Participant expressly consents to any amendment of Section 10.2(a) of the Plan that would permit the Committee to provide in an agreement evidencing the grant of an Option under the Plan for different treatment of such an Option upon termination of employment due to Retirement than is specified in Section 10.2(a) of the Plan, and Participant further expressly consents to the treatment of the Stock Option granted hereunder in the manner specified in paragraphs 5 and 6 of this Agreement under circumstances that would or could otherwise constitute "Retirement" as defined in the Plan. 7. If a Change of Control occurs, and if this Stock Option has been outstanding for at least three months from the Date of Grant, then the Participant shall have the rights, if any, to accelerated exercisability of this Stock Option as are specified in Section 12 of the Plan as in effect on the date of the Change of Control. 8. Nothing in the Plan or this Agreement shall confer upon the Participant any right with respect to continuance of employment by the Company or any Subsidiary, nor interfere in any way with the right of the Company or a Subsidiary to terminate the Participant's employment at any time. 9. (a) Except as provided in paragraph 9(b) below, this Option grant, the Stock Option forming a part thereof, and the Participant's rights under this Agreement shall be nontransferable (i.e., may not be sold, pledged, donated or otherwise assigned or transferred) by the Participant, either voluntarily or involuntarily, except by will or by applicable law, and any attempt to do so shall void this Stock Option grant and Agreement. Except as provided in paragraph 9(b) below, this Stock Option shall be exercisable during the Participant's lifetime only by the Participant or by the Participant's guardian or other legal representative. (b) This Stock Option and the Participant's rights under this Agreement may be transferred by the Participant to (i) the spouse, ex-spouse, children, step-children or grandchildren of the Participant (the "Family Members"), (ii) a trust or trusts for the exclusive benefit of such Family Members, (iii) a partnership in which such Family Members are the only partners, or (iv) such other persons or entities as the Committee, in its discretion, may permit, provided that (1) there may be no consideration for such a transfer (other than the possible receipt of an ownership interest in an entity to which such a transfer is made), (2) timely written notice of the transfer must be provided to the Company by the Participant, and (3) subsequent transfers of this Stock Option are prohibited except for those in accordance with paragraph 9(a) above. Following transfer, this Stock Option and the rights of any transferee with respect thereto shall continue to be subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable immediately prior to the transfer, including that the events of termination of employment as provided in this Agreement shall continue to be applied with respect to the Participant, with the transferee bound by the consequences of any such termination of employment as specified in this Agreement. The Company shall be under no obligation to provide notice of termination of the Participant's employment to any transferee of this Stock Option. Notwithstanding any transfer of this Stock Option, the Participant shall remain subject to and liable for any employment-related taxes in connection with the exercise of this Stock Option. 10. Neither the Participant nor any other person shall have any rights as a stockholder with respect to any Option Shares until the Participant or other person shall have become a holder of record of such shares and, except as otherwise provided in Section 4.4 of the Plan, no adjustments shall be made for dividends or other distributions or rights as to which there is a record date preceding the date the Participant becomes the holder of record of such shares. 11. Except as provided in paragraph 6 of this Agreement, this Agreement is subject to all of the terms and conditions of the Plan and, where any questions or interpretations arise, the terms and conditions of the Plan and the rules of the Committee administering the Plan shall control. 12. Any notice to be given with respect to this Stock Option, including without limitation a notice of exercise, shall be addressed to the Company, Attention: Corporate Treasury, at its principal executive office in Minneapolis, Minnesota and any notice to be given to the Participant shall be addressed 2 to the Participant at the address given beneath the Participant's signature hereto, or at such other address as either party may hereafter designate in writing to the other. 13. Any notice of stock option exercise must specify the number of shares with respect to which the Stock Option is being exercised and be accompanied by either (i) payment in full of the purchase price for the shares exercised or (ii) a Broker Exercise Notice in form and substance satisfactory to the Company. The exercise of the Stock Option shall be deemed effective upon receipt by Corporate Treasury of such notice and payment of the exercise price from the Participant or the broker or dealer named in the Broker Exercise Notice. Any such notice will not be deemed given until actual receipt by Corporate Treasury. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Ceridian Corporation has executed this Agreement by duly authorized signature and the Participant has signed this Agreement effective as of the date first written above. CERIDIAN CORPORATION PARTICIPANT By Secretary Lawrence Perlman PARTICIPANT'S MAILING ADDRESS 3 EXHIBIT D CERIDIAN CORPORATION EMPLOYEE NON-STATUTORY STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan This Agreement is between Ceridian Corporation (the "Company") and Lawrence Perlman (the "Participant") as of [April 30, 1997] [July 31, 1997] (the "Date of Grant") pursuant to the 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan of the Company (the "Plan") to evidence the grant of a Non-Statutory Stock Option (the "Stock Option") to the Participant pursuant to the Plan. Any capitalized term used herein which is defined in the Plan shall have the same meaning as set forth therein. 1. Effective as of the Date of Grant, the Company has granted to the Participant the option to purchase from the Company, and the Company has agreed to sell to the Participant, 75,000 shares of Common Stock at a price of $[FMV on Date of Grant] per share (the "Option Shares"). 2. This Stock Option shall become void and expire at midnight (Minneapolis time) on the tenth anniversary of the Date of Grant and may not be exercised after that time. 3. Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 4, 5, 6 and 7, and provided the Participant has been continuously employed by the Company or a Subsidiary since the Date of Grant, on April 30, 2000 this Stock Option shall become exercisable with respect to all of the Option Shares. 4. If Participant's employment should be terminated by the Company or any Subsidiary for Cause (as defined in Section 1.03 of the Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of November 8, 1996, between Executive and the Company (the "Employment Agreement")), this Stock Option may not be exercised after such termination of employment, and all rights of the Participant under the Plan and this Agreement will immediately terminate. 5. If the Participant's employment with the Company and all Subsidiaries should terminate by reason of death or Disability or pursuant to Section 4.05 of the Employment Agreement, the Stock Option shall become immediately exercisable in full and will remain exercisable for the period specified in paragraph 2 of this Agreement. 6. Subject to paragraph 7 hereof, if the Participant's employment with the Company and all Subsidiaries of the Company should terminate for any reason other than as provided in paragraphs 4 and 5 hereof, the Participant shall forfeit any portion of the Stock Option that has not yet become exercisable as of the employment termination date. To the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise the Stock Option as of the date of such termination, the Stock Option will remain exercisable for the period specified in paragraph 2 of this Agreement. The Participant expressly consents to any amendment of Section 10.2(a) of the Plan that would permit the Committee to provide in an agreement evidencing the grant of an Option under the Plan for different treatment of such an Option upon termination of employment due to Retirement than is specified in Section 10.2(a) of the Plan, and Participant further expressly consents to the treatment of the Stock Option granted hereunder in the manner specified in paragraphs 5 and 6 of this Agreement under circumstances that would or could otherwise constitute "Retirement" as defined in the Plan. 7. If a Change of Control occurs, and if this Stock Option has been outstanding for at least three months from the Date of Grant, then the Participant shall have the rights, if any, to accelerated exercisability of this Stock Option as are specified in Section 12 of the Plan as in effect on the date of the Change of Control. 8. Nothing in the Plan or this Agreement shall confer upon the Participant any right with respect to continuance of employment by the Company or any Subsidiary, nor interfere in any way with the right of the Company or a Subsidiary to terminate the Participant's employment at any time. 9. (a) Except as provided in paragraph 9(b) below, this Option grant, the Stock Option forming a part thereof, and the Participant's rights under this Agreement shall be nontransferable (i.e., may not be sold, pledged, donated or otherwise assigned or transferred) by the Participant, either voluntarily or involuntarily, except by will or by applicable law, and any attempt to do so shall void this Stock Option grant and Agreement. Except as provided in paragraph 9(b) below, this Stock Option shall be exercisable during the Participant's lifetime only by the Participant or by the Participant's guardian or other legal representative. (b) This Stock Option and the Participant's rights under this Agreement may be transferred by the Participant to (i) the spouse, ex-spouse, children, step-children or grandchildren of the Participant (the "Family Members"), (ii) a trust or trusts for the exclusive benefit of such Family Members, (iii) a partnership in which such Family Members are the only partners, or (iv) such other persons or entities as the Committee, in its discretion, may permit, provided that (1) there may be no consideration for such a transfer (other than the possible receipt of an ownership interest in an entity to which such a transfer is made), (2) timely written notice of the transfer must be provided to the Company by the Participant, and (3) subsequent transfers of this Stock Option are prohibited except for those in accordance with paragraph 9(a) above. Following transfer, this Stock Option and the rights of any transferee with respect thereto shall continue to be subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable immediately prior to the transfer, including that the events of termination of employment as provided in this Agreement shall continue to be applied with respect to the Participant, with the transferee bound by the consequences of any such termination of employment as specified in this Agreement. The Company shall be under no obligation to provide notice of termination of the Participant's employment to any transferee of this Stock Option. Notwithstanding any transfer of this Stock Option, the Participant shall remain subject to and liable for any employment-related taxes in connection with the exercise of this Stock Option. 10. Neither the Participant nor any other person shall have any rights as a stockholder with respect to any Option Shares until the Participant or other person shall have become a holder of record of such shares and, except as otherwise provided in Section 4.4 of the Plan, no adjustments shall be made for dividends or other distributions or rights as to which there is a record date preceding the date the Participant becomes the holder of record of such shares. 11. Except as provided in paragraph 6 of this Agreement, this Agreement is subject to all of the terms and conditions of the Plan and, where any questions or interpretations arise, the terms and conditions of the Plan and the rules of the Committee administering the Plan shall control. 12. Any notice to be given with respect to this Stock Option, including without limitation a notice of exercise, shall be addressed to the Company, Attention: Corporate Treasury, at its principal executive office in Minneapolis, Minnesota and any notice to be given to the Participant shall be addressed 2 to the Participant at the address given beneath the Participant's signature hereto, or at such other address as either party may hereafter designate in writing to the other. 13. Any notice of stock option exercise must specify the number of shares with respect to which the Stock Option is being exercised and be accompanied by either (i) payment in full of the purchase price for the shares exercised or (ii) a Broker Exercise Notice in form and substance satisfactory to the Company. The exercise of the Stock Option shall be deemed effective upon receipt by Corporate Treasury of such notice and payment of the exercise price from the Participant or the broker or dealer named in the Broker Exercise Notice. Any such notice will not be deemed given until actual receipt by Corporate Treasury. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Ceridian Corporation has executed this Agreement by duly authorized signature and the Participant has signed this Agreement effective as of the date first written above. CERIDIAN CORPORATION PARTICIPANT By Secretary Lawrence Perlman PARTICIPANT'S MAILING ADDRESS 3 EXHIBIT E RELEASE I, Lawrence Perlman, in consideration of the payment of dollars ($ ), subject to appropriate withholding, which includes compensation to which I would not be otherwise entitled, do hereby fully and completely release and waive any and all claims, complaints, causes of action or demands of whatever kind which I have or may have against Ceridian Corporation, its predecessors, successors, subsidiaries and affiliates and all past and present members of the Board of Directors, officers, employees and agents of those persons and companies arising out of any actions, conduct, decisions, behavior or events occurring up to the date of my execution of this Release. I understand and accept that this Release specifically covers but is not limited to any and all claims, complaints, causes of action or demands which I have or may have against the above- referenced released parties relating in any way to the terms, conditions and circumstances of my employment up to the date of my signature below, any form of employment discrimination prohibited under the Minnesota Human Rights Act, Title VII of the Federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Federal Age Discrimination in Employment Act. I further understand that this Release extends to but is not limited to all claims which I may have based on statutory or common law claims for negligence or other breach of duty, wrongful discharge, breach of contract, breach of any express or implied promise, misrepresentation, fraud, retaliation, breach of public policy, infliction of emotional distress, defamation, promissory estoppel, failure to pay wages or any other theory, whether legal or equitable. This Release does not change any rights I have under presently existing employee benefit plans of Ceridian Corporation. My signature on this release represents the sole agreement between me and Ceridian Corporation. No prior promises, representations, or understandings relative to any terms or conditions of my employment are to be considered as part of this agreement unless expressed in writing in this release. I also understand that if I unsuccessfully dispute the enforceability of this release, I agree to pay Ceridian Corporation's attorneys' fees. I agree to return the severance payment I receive before any attempt is made to dispute the enforceability of this release. Because we recognize that resolving any future differences we may have in the courts can take a long time and be expensive, Ceridian Corporation and I agree that our only remedy for all disputes one of us may have with the other that are not released by this Agreement and arise out of my employment, the termination of my employment, or any aspect of this Agreement shall be to submit all disputes to final and binding arbitration in accordance with the Employment Dispute Resolution Rules of the American Arbitration Association. Ceridian Corporation and I agree that the aggrieved party must send written notice of any claim to the other party by certified mail, return receipt requested. Written notice to Ceridian Corporation shall be sent to its Secretary at 8100 34th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55425-1640, and to me at the most current address shown for me in Ceridian records. The arbitrator shall apply the law of the state in which the claim arose, or federal law, or both, as applicable to the claim(s) asserted. Date: Lawrence Perlman EXHIBIT F Minnesota Revised Statutes Section 1-181.78 181.78 Agreements; terms relating to inventions Subdivision 1. Any provision in an employment agreement which provides that an employee shall assign or offer to assign any of the employee's rights in an invention to the employer shall not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facility or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee's own time, and (1) which does not relate (a) directly to the business of the employer or (b) to the employer's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (2) which does not result from any work performed by the employee for the employer. Any provision which purports to apply to such an invention is to that extent against the public policy of this state and is to that extent void and unenforceable. Subdivision 2. No employer shall require a provision made void and unenforceable by subdivision 1 as a condition of employment or continuing employment. Subdivision 3. IF AN EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT ENTERED INTO AFTER AUGUST 1, 1977 CONTAINS A PROVISION REQUIRING THE EMPLOYEE TO ASSIGN OR OFFER TO ASSIGN ANY OF HIS RIGHTS IN ANY INVENTION TO AN EMPLOYER, THE EMPLOYER MUST ALSO, AT THE TIME THE AGREEMENT IS MADE, PROVIDE A WRITTEN NOTIFICATION TO THE EMPLOYEE THAT THE AGREEMENT DOES NOT APPLY TO AN INVENTION FOR WHICH NO EQUIPMENT, SUPPLIES, FACILITY OR TRADE SECRET INFORMATION OF THE EMPLOYER WAS USED AND WHICH WAS DEVELOPED ENTIRELY ON THE EMPLOYEE'S OWN TIME, AND (1) WHICH DOES NOT RELATE (a) DIRECTLY TO THE BUSINESS OF THE EMPLOYER OR (b) TO THE EMPLOYER'S ACTUAL OR DEMONSTRABLY ANTICIPATED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT, OR (2) WHICH DOES NOT RESULT FROM ANY WORK PERFORMED BY THE EMPLOYEE FOR THE EMPLOYER. EX-10.05 3 EXHIBIT 10.05 EXHIBIT 10.05 CERIDIAN CORPORATION EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT PARTIES Ceridian Corporation (a Delaware Corporation) 8100 34th Avenue South Minneapolis, Minnesota 55425-1640 and Ronald James ("Executive") Date: January 1, 1996 RECITALS A. Ceridian wishes to obtain the services of Executive for at least the duration of this Agreement, and the Executive wishes to provide his or her services for such period. B. Ceridian desires reasonable protection of Ceridian's Confidential Information (as defined below). C. Ceridian desires assurance that Executive will not compete with Ceridian or engage in recruitment of Ceridian's employees for a reasonable period of time after termination of employment, and Executive is willing to refrain from competition and recruitment. D. Executive desires to be assured of a minimum Base Salary (as defined below) from Ceridian for Executive's services for the term of this Agreement (unless terminated earlier pursuant to the terms of this Agreement). E. It is expressly recognized by the parties that Executive's acceptance of, and continuance in, Executive's position with Ceridian and agreement to be bound by the terms of this Agreement represents a substantial commitment to Ceridian in terms of Executive's personal and professional career and a foregoing of present and future career options by Executive, for all of which Ceridian receives substantial value. F. The parties recognize that a Change of Control (as defined below) may result in material alteration or diminishment of Executive's position and responsibilities and substantially frustrate the purpose of Executive's commitment to Ceridian and forebearance of options. 1 G. The parties recognize that in light of the above-described commitment and forebearance of options, it is essential that, for the benefit of Ceridian and its stockholders, provision be made for a Change of Control Termination (as defined below) in order to enable Executive to accept and effectively continue in Executive's position in the face of inherently disruptive circumstances arising from the possibility of a Change of Control of the Parent Corporation (as defined below), although no such change is now contemplated or foreseen. H. The parties wish to replace any and all prior agreements and undertakings with respect to the Executive's employment and Change of Control occurrences and compensation. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of Executive's acceptance of and continuance in Executive's employment for the term of this Agreement and the parties' agreement to be bound by the terms contained herein, the parties agree as follows: ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS 1.01 "Base Salary" shall mean regular cash compensation paid on a periodic basis exclusive of benefits, bonuses or incentive payments. 1.02 "Board" shall mean the Board of Directors of Ceridian Corporation (the "Parent Corporation"). 1.03 "Ceridian" shall mean Ceridian Corporation and, except as otherwise provided in Article VIII and Section 9.02 of Article IX, (a) any Subsidiary (as that term is defined in Section 1.07); and (b) any successor in interest by way of consolidation, operation of law, merger or otherwise. 1.04 "Confidential Information" shall mean information or material which is not generally available to or used by others, or the utility or value of which is not generally known or recognized as standard practice, whether or not the underlying details are in the public domain, including: (a) information or material relating to Ceridian and its business as conducted or anticipated to be conducted; business plans; operations; past, current or anticipated software, products or services; customers or prospective customers; or research, engineering, development, manufacturing, purchasing, accounting, or marketing activities; 2 (b) information or material relating to Ceridian's inventions, improvements, discoveries, "know-how," technological developments, or unpublished writings or other works of authorship, or to the materials, apparatus, processes, formulae, plans or methods used in the development, manufacture or marketing of Ceridian's software, products or services; (c) information which when received is marked as "proprietary," "private," or "confidential;" (d) trade secrets; (e) software in various stages of development, including computer programs in source code and binary code form, software designs, specifications, programming aids (including "library subroutines" and productivity tools), programming languages, interfaces, visual displays, technical documentation, user manuals, data files and databases; and (f) any similar information of the type described above which Ceridian obtained from another party and which Ceridian treats as or designates as being proprietary, private or confidential, whether or not owned or developed by Ceridian. Notwithstanding the foregoing, "Confidential Information" does not include any information which is properly published or in the public domain; provided, however, that information which is published by or with the aid of Executive outside the scope of employment or contrary to the requirements of this Agreement will not be considered to have been properly published, and therefore will not be in the public domain for purposes of this Agreement. 1.05 "Disability" shall mean the inability of Executive to perform his or her duties under this Agreement because of illness or incapacity for a continuous period of five months. 1.06 "Parent Corporation" shall mean Ceridian Corporation and, except as otherwise provided in Article VIII and Section 9.02 of Article IX, any successor in interest by way of consolidation, operation of law, merger or otherwise. "Parent Corporation" shall not include any Subsidiary. 1.07 "Subsidiary" shall mean: (a) any corporation at least a majority of whose securities having ordinary voting power for the election of directors (other than securities having such power only by reason of the occurrence of a contingency) is at the time owned by Parent Corporation and/or one or more Subsidiaries; and (b) any division or business unit (or portion thereof) of Parent Corporation or a corporation described in clause (a) of this Section 1.07. 3 ARTICLE II EMPLOYMENT, DUTIES AND TERM 2.01 Employment. Upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, Ceridian hereby employs Executive, and Executive accepts such employment. Except as expressly provided herein, termination of this Agreement by either party shall also terminate Executive's employment by Ceridian. 2.02 Duties. Executive shall devote his or her full-time and best efforts to Ceridian and to fulfilling the duties of his or her position which shall include such duties as may from time to time be assigned him or her by Ceridian, provided that such duties are reasonably consistent with Executive's education, experience and background. Executive shall comply with Ceridian's policies and procedures to the extent they are not inconsistent with this Agreement in which case the provisions of this Agreement prevail. 2.03 Term. Subject to the provisions of Articles IV, VII, and VIII, Executive's employment shall continue until the later of: (a)December 31, 1997; or (b) two years after a Change of Control which occurs prior to December 31, 1997. In any event, the Agreement shall automatically terminate without notice when Executive reaches 65 years of age. If employment is continued after the age of 65 by mutual agreement, it shall be terminable at will by either party. ARTICLE III COMPENSATION AND EXPENSES 3.01 Base Salary. For all services rendered under this Agreement during the term of Executive's employment, Ceridian shall pay Executive a minimum Base Salary at the annual rate currently being paid or, if Executive is not currently in Ceridian's employ, at the annual rate specified in the written offer of employment. If Executive's salary is increased from time to time during the term of this Agreement, the increased amount shall be the Base Salary for the remainder of the term and any extensions. 3.02 Bonus and Incentive. Bonus or incentive compensation shall be in the sole discretion of Ceridian. Except as otherwise provided in Article VII, Ceridian shall have the right in accordance with their terms to alter, amend or eliminate any bonus or incentive plans, or Executive's participation therein, without compensation to Executive. 4 3.03 Business Expenses. Ceridian shall, in accordance with, and to the extent of, its policies in effect from time to time, bear all ordinary and necessary business expenses incurred by Executive in performing his or her duties as an employee of Ceridian, provided that Executive accounts promptly for such expenses to Ceridian in the manner prescribed from time to time by Ceridian. ARTICLE IV EARLY TERMINATION 4.01 Early Termination. Subject to the respective continuing obligations of the parties pursuant to Articles V, VI, and IX, this Article sets forth the terms for early termination of this Agreement; provided, however, that this Article shall not apply to a Change of Control Termination which is governed solely by the provisions of Article VII. 4.02 Termination for Cause. Ceridian may terminate this Agreement immediately for cause. For the purpose hereof "cause" means (a) fraud, (b) misrepresentation, (c) theft or embezzlement of Ceridian assets, (d) intentional violations of law involving moral turpitude, (e) the continued failure by Executive to satisfactorily perform his or her duties as reasonably assigned to Executive pursuant to Section 2.02 of Article II of this Agreement for a period of 60 days after a written demand for such satisfactory performance which specifically identifies the manner in which it is alleged Executive has not satisfactorily performed such duties. In the event of termination for cause pursuant to this Section 4.02, Executive shall be paid at the usual rate of Executive's annual Base Salary through the date of termination specified in any notice of termination. 4.03 Termination Without Cause. Either Executive or Ceridian may terminate this Agreement and Executive's employment without cause on at least 75 days' written notice or payment in lieu of notice under (b) below. In the event of termination of this Agreement and of Executive's employment pursuant to this Section 4.03, compensation shall be paid as follows: (a) if the notice of termination is given by Executive at any time Executive shall be paid at the usual rate of his or her annual Base Salary through the date of termination specified in such notice (but not to exceed 75 days); (b) if the notice of termination is given by Ceridian and effective prior to Executive's 65th birthday, (1) Executive shall be paid at the usual rate of his or her annual Base Salary through the date of termination specified in the notice provided, however, that Ceridian shall have the option of making termination of the Agreement and Executive's employment effective immediately upon notice in which case Executive shall be paid a lump sum representing the value of 75 days worth of salary; and (2) Executive shall receive, within 15 days following termination, a lump sum payment equivalent to two years' Base Salary. 5 (c) If the notice of termination is given by Ceridian to be effective on or after Executive's 65th birthday Executive shall be paid at the usual rate of his or her annual Base Salary through the date of termination specified in any notice. (d) In the event that termination occurs pursuant to Sections 4.03(b) or 4.03(c), then, in addition to the payments specified in said Sections, Ceridian shall pay to Executive any amount equal to (1) the bonus, if any, to which Executive would otherwise have become entitled under all Ceridian bonus plans in effect at the time of termination of this Agreement had Executive remained continuously employed for the full fiscal year in which termination occurred and continued to perform his or her duties in the same manner as they were performed immediately prior to termination, multiplied by (2) a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of whole months Executive was employed in the year in which termination occurred and the denominator of which is 12. The amount payable pursuant to this Section 4.03(d) shall be paid within 15 days after the date such bonus would have been paid had Executive remained employed for the full fiscal year. 4.04 Termination In The Event of Death or Disability. This Agreement shall terminate in the event of death or disability of Executive. (a) In the event of Executive's death, Ceridian shall pay an amount equal to 12 months of Base Salary at the rate in effect at the time of Executive's death plus the amount Executive would have received in annual incentive plan bonus for the year in which termination occurs had "target" goals been achieved. Such amount shall be paid (1) to the beneficiary or beneficiaries designated in writing to Ceridian by Executive, (2) in the absence of such designation to the surviving spouse, or (3) if there is no surviving spouse, or such surviving spouse disclaims all or any part, then the full amount, or such disclaimed portion, shall be paid to the executor, administrator or other personal representative of Executive's estate. The amount shall be paid as a lump sum as soon as practicable following Ceridian's receipt of notice of Executive's death. All such payments shall be in addition to any payments due pursuant to Section 4.04(c) below. (b) In the event of disability, Base Salary shall be terminated as of the end of the month in which the last day of the five-month period of Executive's inability to perform his or her duties occurs. (c) In the event of termination by reason of Executive's death or disability, Ceridian shall pay to Executive any amount equal to (1) the amount Executive would have received in annual incentive plan bonus for the year in which termination occurs had "target" goals been achieved, multiplied by (2) a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of whole months Executive was employed in the year in which the death or disability occurred and the denominator of which is 12. The amount payable pursuant to this Section 4.04(c) shall be paid within 15 days after the date such bonus would have been paid had Executive remained employed for the full fiscal year. 6 4.05 Entire Termination Payment. The compensation provided for in this Article IV for early termination of this Agreement and termination pursuant to this Article IV shall constitute Executive's sole remedy for such termination. Executive shall not be entitled to any other termination or severance payment which may be payable to Executive under any other agreement between Executive and Ceridian. ARTICLE V CONFIDENTIALITY, DISCLOSURE AND ASSIGNMENT 5.01 Confidentiality. Executive will not, during the term or after the termination or expiration of this Agreement, publish, disclose, or utilize in any manner any Confidential Information obtained while employed by Ceridian. If Executive leaves the employ of Ceridian, Executive will not, without Ceridian's prior written consent, retain or take away any drawing, writing or other record in any form containing any Confidential Information. 5.02 Business Conduct and Ethics. During the term of employment with Ceridian, Executive will engage in no activity or employment which may conflict with the interest of Ceridian, and will comply with Ceridian's policies and guidelines pertaining to business conduct and ethics. 5.03 Disclosure. Executive will disclose promptly in writing to Ceridian all inventions, discoveries, software, writings and other works of authorship which are conceived, made, discovered, or written jointly or singly on Ceridian time or on Executive's own time, providing the invention, improvement, discovery, software, writing or other work of authorship is capable of being used by Ceridian in the normal course of business, and all such inventions, improvements, discoveries, software, writings and other works of authorship shall belong solely to Ceridian. 5.04 Instruments of Assignment. Executive will sign and execute all instruments of assignment and other papers to evidence vestiture of Executive's entire right, title and interest in such inventions, improvements, discoveries, software, writings or other works of authorship in Ceridian, at the request and the expense of Ceridian, and Executive will do all acts and sign all instruments of assignment and other papers Ceridian may reasonably request relating to applications for patents, patents, copyrights, and the enforcement and protection thereof. If Executive is needed, at any time, to give testimony, evidence, or opinions in any litigation or proceeding involving any patents or copyrights or applications for patents or copyrights, both domestic and foreign, relating to inventions, improvements, discoveries, software, writings or other works of authorship conceived, developed or reduced to practice by Executive, Executive agrees to do so, and if Executive leaves the employ of Ceridian, Ceridian shall pay Executive at a rate mutually agreeable to Executive and Ceridian, plus reasonable traveling or other expenses. 7 5.05 Inventions Developed on Executive's Own Time. The two immediately preceding sections entitled "Disclosure" and "Instruments of Assignment" do not apply to inventions in which a Ceridian claim of any rights will create a violation of Chapter 47 Minnesota Revised Statutes, Section 1-181.78, reproduced below and constituting the written notification of its Subdivision 3. 181.78 Agreements relating to inventions Subdivision 1. Any provision in an employment agreement which provides that an Executive shall assign or offer to assign any of his rights in an invention to his employer shall not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facility or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee's own time, and (1) which does not relate (a) directly to the business of the employer or (b) to the employer's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (2) which does not result from any work performed by the employee for the employer. Any provision which purports to apply to such an invention is to that extent against the public policy of this state and is to that extent void and unenforceable. Subdivision 2. No employer shall require a provision made void and unenforceable by subdivision 1 as a condition of employment or continuing employment. Subdivision 3. IF AN EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT ENTERED INTO AFTER AUGUST 1, 1977, CONTAINS A PROVISION REQUIRING THE EMPLOYEE TO ASSIGN OR OFFER TO ASSIGN ANY OF HIS RIGHTS IN ANY INVENTION TO HIS EMPLOYER, THE EMPLOYER MUST ALSO, AT THE TIME THE AGREEMENT IS MADE, PROVIDE A WRITTEN NOTIFICATION TO THE EMPLOYEE THAT THE AGREEMENT DOES NOT APPLY TO AN INVENTION FOR WHICH NO EQUIPMENT, SUPPLIES, FACILITY OR TRADE SECRET INFORMATION OF THE EMPLOYER WAS USED AND WHICH WAS DEVELOPED ENTIRELY ON THE EMPLOYEE'S OWN TIME, AND (1) WHICH DOES NOT RELATE (a) DIRECTLY TO THE BUSINESS OF THE EMPLOYER OR (b) TO THE EMPLOYER'S ACTUAL OR DEMONSTRABLY ANTICIPATED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT, OR (2) WHICH DOES NOT RESULT FROM ANY WORK PERFORMED BY THE EMPLOYEE FOR THE EMPLOYER. 5.06 Executive's Declaration. Executive has no inventions, improvements, discoveries, software, writings or other works of authorship useful to Ceridian in the normal course of business, which were conceived, made or written prior to the date of this Agreement and which are excluded from this Agreement. 8 5.07 Survival. The obligations of this Article V shall survive the expiration or termination of this Agreement. ARTICLE VI NON-COMPETITION, NON-RECRUITMENT 6.01 General. The parties hereto recognize and agree that (a) Executive is a senior executive of Ceridian and is a key Executive of Ceridian, (b) Executive has received, and will in the future receive, substantial amounts of Confidential Information, (c) Ceridian's business is conducted on a worldwide basis, and (d) provision for non-competition and non-recruitment obligations by Executive is critical to Ceridian's continued economic well-being and protection of Ceridian's Confidential Information. In light of these considerations, this Article VI sets forth the terms and conditions of Executive's obligations of non-competition and non-recruitment subsequent to the termination of this Agreement and/or Executive's employment for any reason. 6.02 Non-Competition. (a) Unless the obligation is waived or limited by Ceridian in accordance with subsection (b) of this Section 6.02, Executive agrees that for a period of two years following termination of employment for any reason, Executive will not directly or indirectly, alone or as a partner, officer, director, shareholder or employee of any other firm or entity, engage in any commercial activity in competition with any part of Ceridian's business as conducted as of the date of such termination of employment or with any part of Ceridian's contemplated business with respect to which Executive has Confidential Information as governed by Article V of this Agreement. For purposes of this subsection (a), "shareholder" shall not include beneficial ownership of less than five percent (5%) of the combined voting power of all issued and outstanding voting securities of a publicly held corporation whose stock is traded on a major stock exchange. Also for purposes of this subsection (a), "Ceridian's business" shall include business conducted by Ceridian or its affiliates and any partnership or joint venture in which Ceridian or its affiliates is a partner or joint venturer; provided that, "affiliate" as used in this sentence shall not include any corporation in which Ceridian has ownership of less than fifteen percent (15%) of the voting stock. (b) At its sole option Ceridian may, by written notice to Executive within 30 days after the effective date of termination of Executive's employment, waive or limit the time and/or geographic area in which Executive cannot engage in competitive activity. 9 (c) During the term of the non-competition obligation, prior to accepting employment with, or agreeing to provide consulting services to, any firm which offers products or services in the fields of electronics or information processing, Executive shall give 30 days prior written notice to Ceridian. Such written notice shall describe the proposed employment or consulting services and the firm to which they will be rendered. Ceridian's failure to respond or object to such notice shall not in any way constitute acquiescence or waiver of Ceridian's rights under this Article VI. (d) During any period of non-competition pursuant to this Article VI Ceridian shall pay Executive an amount equal to the usual rate of Executive's Base Salary in effect at the time of termination. There shall be credited against Ceridian's obligation to make such payments any other payments made by Ceridian to Executive pursuant to Article IV of this Agreement. In the event that Ceridian elects, pursuant to subsection (b) of this Section 6.02, to waive all or any portion of the non- competition obligation, no payment shall be required by Ceridian with respect to the portion of the non- competition period which has been waived. 6.03 Non-Recruitment. For a period of two years following termination of employment for any reason, Executive will not initiate or actively participate in any other employer's recruitment or hiring of Ceridian employees. This provision shall not preclude Executive from responding to a request (other than by Executive's employer) for a reference with respect to an individual's employment qualifications. 6.04 Survival. The obligations of this Article VI shall survive the expiration or termination of this Agreement. ARTICLE VII CHANGE OF CONTROL 7.01 Definitions. For purposes of this Article VII, the following definitions shall be applied: (a) "Change of Control" shall mean any of the following events: (1) a merger or consolidation to which Parent Corporation is a party if the individuals and entities who were stockholders of Parent Corporation immediately prior to the effective date of such merger or consolidation have beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of less than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power for election of directors of the surviving corporation immediately following the effective date of such merger or consolidation; or 10 (2) the direct or indirect beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) in the aggregate of securities of Parent Corporation representing twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total combined voting power of Parent Corporation's then issued and outstanding securities by any person or entity, or group of associated persons or entities acting in concert; or (3) the sale of the properties and assets of Parent Corporation, substantially as an entirety, to any person or entity which is not a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent Corporation. (4) the stockholders of Parent Corporation approve any plan or proposal for the liquidation of Parent Corporation; or (5) a change in the composition of the Board at any time during any consecutive 24 month period such that the "Continuity Directors" cease for any reason to constitute at least a seventy percent (70%) majority of the Board. For purposes of this clause, "Continuity Directors" means those members of the Board who either: (A) were directors at the beginning of such consecutive 24 month period; or (B) were elected by, or on the nomination or recommendation of, at least a two-thirds (2/3) majority of the then-existing Board. (b) "Change of Control Actions" shall mean any payment (including any benefit or transfer of property) in the nature of compensation, to or for the benefit of Executive under any arrangement, which is considered contingent on a Change of Control for purposes of Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code. As used in this definition, the term "arrangement" includes, without limitation, any agreement between Executive and Ceridian and any and all of Ceridian's salary, bonus, incentive, restricted stock, stock option, compensation or benefit plans, programs or arrangements, and shall include this Agreement. (c) "Change of Control Termination" shall mean, with respect to Executive, any of the following events occurring within two years after a Change of Control: (1) Termination of Executive's employment by Ceridian for any reason other than (A) fraud, (B) theft or embezzlement of Ceridian assets, (C) intentional violations of law involving moral turpitude, or (D) the substantial and continuing failure by Executive to satisfactorily perform his or her duties as reasonably assigned to Executive pursuant to Section 2.02 of Article II of this Agreement for a period of 60 days after a written demand for such satisfactory performance which specifically identifies the manner in which it is alleged Executive has not satisfactorily performed such duties. 11 (2) Termination of employment with Ceridian by Executive pursuant to Section 7.02 of this Article VII. A Change of Control Termination by Executive shall not, however, include termination by reason of death. (d) "Good Reason" shall mean a good faith determination by Executive, in Executive's reasonable judgment, that any one or more of the following events has occurred, without Executive's express written consent, after a Change of Control: (1) A change in Executive's reporting responsibilities, titles or offices as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control, or any removal of Executive from, or any failure to re- elect Executive to, any of such positions, which has the effect of materially diminishing Executive's responsibility or authority; (2) A reduction by Ceridian in Executive's Base Salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control or as the same may be increased from time to time; (3) Ceridian requiring Executive to be based anywhere other than within 25 miles of Executive's job location at the time of the Change of Control; (4) Without replacement by plans, programs, or arrangements which, taken as a whole, provide benefits to Executive at least reasonably comparable to those discontinued or adversely affected, (A) the failure by Ceridian to continue in effect, within its maximum stated term, any pension, bonus, incentive, stock ownership, purchase, option, life insurance, health, accident, disability, or any other employee compensation or benefit plan, program or arrangement, in which Executive is participating immediately prior to a Change of Control; or (B) the taking of any action by Ceridian that would materially adversely affect Executive's participation or materially reduce Executive's benefits under any of such plans, programs or arrangements; (5) The failure by Ceridian to provide office space, furniture, and secretarial support at least comparable to that provided Executive immediately prior to the Change of Control or the taking of any similar action by Ceridian that would materially adversely affect the working conditions in or under which Executive performs his or her employment duties; 12 (6) If Executive's primary employment duties are with a Subsidiary, the sale, merger, contribution, transfer or any other transaction in conjunction with which Parent Corporation's ownership interest in such Subsidiary decreases below the level specified in Section 1.07 of Article I unless (A) this Agreement is assigned to the purchaser/transferee with the provisions of Article VII in full force and effect and operative as if a Change of Control has occurred with respect to the purchaser/transferee as Parent Corporation immediately after the purchase/transfer becomes effective, and (B) such purchaser/transferee has a creditworthiness reasonably equivalent to Parent Corporation's; or (7) Any material breach of this Agreement by Ceridian. (e) "Internal Revenue Code" -- Any reference to a section of the Internal Revenue Code shall mean that section of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or to the corresponding section of such Code as from time to time amended. 7.02 Change of Control Termination Right. For a period of two years following a Change of Control, Executive shall have the right, at any time and within Executive's sole discretion, to terminate employment with Ceridian for Good Reason. Such termination shall be accomplished by, and effective upon, Executive giving written notice to Ceridian of Executive's decision to terminate. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, upon the exercise of said right, all obligations and duties of Executive under this Agreement shall be of no further force and effect. 7.03 Change of Control Termination Payment. In the event of a Change of Control Termination, and subject to the "Limitation on Change of Control Compensation" contained in Section 7.04, then, and without further action by the Board, Compensation Committee or otherwise, Parent Corporation shall, within five days of such termination, make a lump sum payment to Executive in an amount equal to one dollar ($1.00) less than three times the average annualized compensation as defined by Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code, received by Executive from Ceridian and includible in Executive's gross income for federal income tax purposes, for the five most recent taxable years of the Executive ending before the date upon which the Change in Control occurred (or such portion of such period during which Executive was an employee of Ceridian). 7.04 Limitation on Change of Control Compensation. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement or of any other agreement, contract or understanding heretofore or hereafter entered into between Ceridian and Executive, Executive shall not be entitled to receive any Change of Control Action which would, with respect to Executive, constitute a "parachute payment" for purposes of Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code. In the event any Change of Control Action would, with respect to Executive, constitute a "parachute payment", Executive shall have the right to designate those Change of Control Action(s) which would be reduced or eliminated so that Executive will not receive a "parachute payment". 13 7.05 Interest. In the event Parent Corporation does not make timely payment in full of the Change of Control Termination payment described in Section 7.03, Executive shall be entitled to receive interest on any unpaid amount at the lower of: (a) prime rate of interest (or such comparable index as may be adopted) established from time to time by the Norwest Bank Minneapolis, N.A., Minneapolis, Minnesota; or (b) the maximum rate permitted under Section 280G(d)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code. 7.06 Attorneys' Fees. In the event Executive incurs any legal expense to enforce or defend his or her rights under this Article VII of this Agreement, or to recover damages for breach thereof, Executive shall be entitled to recover from Ceridian any expenses for attorneys' fees and disbursements incurred. 7.07 Benefits Continuation. In the event of a Change of Control Termination, Executive (and anyone entitled to claim under or through Executive) shall, until age 65, be entitled to receive from Ceridian the same or equivalent health, dental, accidental death and dismemberment, short and long-term disability, life insurance coverages, and all other insurance policies and health and welfare benefits programs, policies or arrangements, at the same levels and coverages as Executive was receiving on the day immediately prior to the Change of Control. To the extent that election of continuation of any of such coverages, programs, policies, or arrangements is made available to employees terminating at age 55 with 15 or more years of service, Executive shall be required to pay no more for continuation than is required of such employees on the day immediately prior to the Change of Control. If no such continuation program is available, Executive shall be required to pay no more than he/she paid as an active employee, or if provided by Ceridian at no cost to employees on the day immediately prior to the Change of Control, they shall continue to be made available to Executive on this basis. ARTICLE VIII CHANGE OF SUBSIDIARY STATUS In the event that, prior to a Change of Control: (a) a Subsidiary is sold, merged, contributed, or in any other manner transferred, or if for any reason Parent Corporation's ownership interest in any such Subsidiary falls below the level specified in Section 1.07, (b) Executive's primary employment duties are with the Subsidiary at the time of the occurrence of such event, and (c) Executive does not, in conjunction therewith, transfer employment directly to Parent Corporation or another Subsidiary, then: (1) If Executive gives his or her written consent to the assignment of this Agreement to such Subsidiary, or to the purchaser or new majority interest holder of such Subsidiary, (and such assignment is accepted) this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect between Executive and the assignee, except that the provisions of Article VII of this Agreement shall become null and void; 14 (2) If such assignment is not accepted by the Subsidiary or purchaser, then this Agreement shall be deemed to have been terminated by Ceridian without cause pursuant to Section 4.03 of Article IV; and (3) In all other cases, this Agreement shall be deemed terminated for cause pursuant to Section 4.02 of Article IV. ARTICLE IX GENERAL PROVISIONS 9.01 No Adequate Remedy. The parties declare that it is impossible to measure in money the damages which will accrue to either party by reason of a failure to perform any of the obligations under this Agreement. Therefore, if either party shall institute any action or proceeding to enforce the provisions hereof, such party against whom such action or proceeding is brought hereby waives the claim or defense that such party has an adequate remedy at law, and such party shall not urge in any such action or proceeding the claim or defense that such party has an adequate remedy at law. 9.02 Successors and Assigns. Except as otherwise provided in Article VIII, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of Parent Corporation and each Subsidiary, whether by way of merger, consolidation, operation of law, assignment, purchase or other acquisition of substantially all of the assets or business of Ceridian, and any such successor or assign shall absolutely and unconditionally assume all of Ceridian's obligations hereunder. 9.03 Notices. All notices, requests and demands given to or made pursuant hereto shall, except as otherwise specified herein, be in writing and be delivered or mailed to any such party at its address: (a) Ceridian Corporation 8100 34th Avenue South Minneapolis, Minnesota 55425-1640 Attention: Office of General Counsel (b) In the case of Executive shall be: At the address listed on the last page of this Agreement. Either party may, by notice hereunder, designate a changed address. Any notice, if mailed properly addressed, postage prepaid, registered or certified mail, shall be deemed dispatched on the registered date or that stamped on the certified mail receipt, and shall be deemed received within the second business day thereafter or when it is actually received, whichever is sooner. 15 9.04 Captions. The various headings or captions in this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. 9.05 Governing Law. The validity, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Minnesota and any and every legal proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought in the appropriate courts of the State of Minnesota, each of the parties hereby consenting to the exclusive jurisdiction of said courts for this purpose. The parties hereto expressly recognize and agree that the implementation of this Governing Law provision is essential in light of the fact that Parent Corporation's corporate headquarters and its principal executive offices are located within the State of Minnesota, and there is a critical need for uniformity in the interpretation and enforcement of the employment agreements between Ceridian and its senior executives. 9.06 Construction. Wherever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective only to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. 9.07 Waivers. No failure on the part of either party to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right or remedy hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or remedy granted hereby or by any related document or by law. 9.08 Modification. This Agreement may not be and shall not be modified or amended except by written instrument signed by the parties hereto. 9.09 Arbitration. Because the parties recognize that resolving any future differences in the courts can require a long time and great expense, Company and Executive agree that their only remedy for disputes either may have with the other and that arise out of Executive's employment, or any aspect of this Agreement, shall be to submit all disputes to final and binding arbitration in accordance with the Employment Dispute Resolution Rules of the American Arbitration Association. The aggrieved party must send a written notice of claim to the other party by certified mail, return receipt requested to the address listed in Section 7.03 of this Agreement. The arbitrator shall apply the law in accordance with this Agreement, or federal law, or both, as applicable to the claim(s) asserted. 9.10 Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto in reference to all the matters herein agreed upon. This Agreement replaces in full all prior employment agreements or understandings of the parties hereto, and any and all such prior agreements or understandings are hereby rescinded by mutual agreement. 16 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, The parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the day and year first above written. EXECUTIVE CERIDIAN CORPORATION /s/ Ronald James By: /s/ Michael E. Kotten Title:Vice President, Organization Resources Address: 17 EX-10.06 4 EXHIBIT 10.06 EXHIBIT 10.06 AMENDMENT TO EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT This Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of May , 1996 (the "Amendment"), is between Ceridian Corporation and ("Executive"). Ceridian Corporation and Executive are parties to an Executive Employment Agreement dated , 199 (the "Agreement"), and desire to amend that Agreement in the manner provided in this Amendment. Unless otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms used in this Amendment have the meanings given to them in the Agreement. 1. In consideration of Executive's continuance in Executive's employment for the remaining term of the Agreement and the mutual promises and obligations contained in the Agreement as modified by this Amendment, the parties hereby agree to amend Sections 7.01 through 7.05 of the Agreement in their entirety to read as follows: "7.01Definitions. For purposes of this Article VII, the following definitions shall be applied: (a)"Benefit Plan" means any formal or informal plan, program or other arrangement heretofore or hereafter adopted by Ceridian for the direct or indirect provision of compensation to the Executive (including groups or classes of participants or beneficiaries of which the Executive is a member), whether or not such compensation is deferred, is in the form of cash or other property or rights, or is in the form of a benefit to or for the Executive. (b)"Change of Control" shall mean any of the following events: (1) a merger or consolidation to which Parent Corporation is a party if the individuals and entities who were stockholders of Parent Corporation immediately prior to the effective date of such merger or consolidation have beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of less than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power for election of directors of the surviving corporation immediately following the effective date of such merger or consolidation; or (2) the direct or indirect beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) in the aggregate of securities of Parent Corporation representing twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total combined voting power of Parent Corporation's then issued and outstanding securities by any person or entity, or group of associated persons or entities acting in concert; or (3) the sale of the properties and assets of Parent Corporation, substantially as an entirety, to any person or entity which is not a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent Corporation; or (4) the stockholders of Parent Corporation approve any plan or proposal for the liquidation of Parent Corporation; or (5) a change in the composition of the Board at any time during any consecutive 24 month period such that the "Continuity Directors" cease for any reason to constitute at least a seventy percent (70%) majority of the Board. For purposes of this clause, "Continuity Directors" means those members of the Board who either (A) were directors at the beginning of such consecutive 24 month period, or (B) were elected by, or on the nomination or recommendation of, at least a two-thirds (2/3) majority of the then- existing Board. (c)"Change of Control Compensation" means any payment or benefit (including any transfer of property) in the nature of compensation, to or for the benefit of a Participant under this Agreement or any Other Agreement or Benefit Plan, which is considered to be contingent on a Change of Control for purposes of Section 280G of the Code. (d)"Change of Control Termination" means, with respect to Executive, either of the following events occurring within two years after a Change of Control: (1) Termination of Executive's employment by Ceridian for any reason other than (A) fraud, (B) theft or embezzlement of Ceridian assets, (C) intentional violations of law involving moral turpitude, or (D) the substantial and continuing failure by Executive to satisfactorily perform his or her duties as reasonably assigned to Executive pursuant to Section 2.02 of Article II of this Agreement for a period of 60 days after a written demand for such satisfactory performance which specifically identifies the manner in which it is alleged Executive has not satisfactorily performed such duties; or (2) Termination of employment with Ceridian by Executive pursuant to Section 7.02 of this Article VII. A Change of Control Termination by Executive shall not, however, include termination by reason of death or Disability. (e)"Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Any reference to a section of the Code shall include the corresponding section of such Code as from time to time amended. (f)"Excise Tax" means any applicable federal excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code. (g)"Good Reason" means a good faith determination by Executive, in Executive's sole and absolute judgment, that any one or more of the following events has occurred, without Executive's express written consent, after a Change of Control: (1) A change in Executive's reporting responsibilities, titles or offices as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control, or any removal of Executive from, or any failure to re-elect Executive to, any of such positions, which has the effect of materially diminishing Executive's responsibility or authority; 2 (2) A reduction by Ceridian in Executive's Base Salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control or as the same may be increased from time to time thereafter; (3) Ceridian requiring Executive to be based anywhere other than within 25 miles of Executive's job location at the time of the Change of Control; (4) Without replacement by plans, programs, or arrangements which, taken as a whole, provide benefits to Executive at least reasonably comparable to those discontinued or adversely affected, (A) the failure by Ceridian to continue in effect, within its maximum stated term, any pension, bonus, incentive, stock ownership, purchase, option, life insurance, health, accident, disability, or any other employee compensation or benefit plan, program or arrangement, in which Executive is participating immediately prior to a Change of Control; or (B) the taking of any action by Ceridian that would materially adversely affect Executive's participation or materially reduce Executive's benefits under any of such plans, programs or arrangements; (5) The failure by Ceridian to provide office space, furniture, and secretarial support at least comparable to that provided Executive immediately prior to the Change of Control or the taking of any similar action by Ceridian that would materially adversely affect the working conditions in or under which Executive performs his or her employment duties; (6) If Executive's primary employment duties are with a Subsidiary, the sale, merger, contribution, transfer or any other transaction in conjunction with which Parent Corporation's ownership interest in such Subsidiary decreases below the level specified in Section 1.07 of Article I unless (A) this Agreement is assigned to the purchaser/transferee with the provisions of Article VII in full force and effect and operative as if a Change of Control has occurred with respect to the purchaser/transferee as Parent Corporation immediately after the purchase/transfer becomes effective, and (B) such purchaser/transferee has a creditworthiness reasonably equivalent to Parent Corporation's; or (7) Any material breach of this Agreement by Ceridian. (g)"Other Agreements" means any agreement, contract or understanding heretofore or hereafter entered into between Executive and Ceridian for the direct or indirect provision of compensation to Executive. (h)"Reduced Amount" means the largest amount that could be received by a Participant as Change of Control Compensation such that no portion of such Change of Control Compensation would be subject to the Excise Tax. 7.02 Change of Control Termination Right. For a period of two years following a Change of Control, Executive shall have the right, at any time and within Executive's sole discretion, to terminate employment with Ceridian for Good Reason. Such termination shall be accomplished by, and effective upon, Executive giving written notice to Ceridian 3 of Executive's decision to terminate. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, upon the exercise of said right, all obligations and duties of Executive under this Agreement shall be of no further force and effect. 7.03 Change of Control Termination Payment. In the event of a Change of Control Termination, and subject to the "Limitation on Change of Control Compensation" contained in Section 7.04, then, and without further action by the Board, Compensation Committee or otherwise, Parent Corporation shall, within five days of such termination, make a lump sum payment to Executive in an amount equal to one dollar ($1.00) less than three times the average annualized compensation, as defined by Section 280G of the Code, received by Executive from Ceridian and includible in Executive's gross income for federal income tax purposes for the five most recent taxable years of the Executive ending before the date upon which the Change in Control occurred (or such portion of such period during which Executive was an employee of Ceridian). 7.04 Limitation on Change of Control Compensation. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement or of any Other Agreement or Benefit Plan, if any Change of Control Compensation would be considered a "parachute payment" within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code and if, after reduction for any Excise Tax and federal income tax imposed by the Code, Executive's net proceeds of such Change of Control Compensation would be less than the amount of Executive's net proceeds resulting from the payment of the Reduced Amount after reduction for federal income taxes, then the Change of Control Compensation payable to Executive shall be limited to the Reduced Amount. The determinations required by the preceding sentence shall be made by the firm of independent certified public accountants serving as the outside auditor of Ceridian as of the date of the applicable Change of Control, and such determinations shall be binding upon Ceridian and Executive. If Change of Control Compensation to Executive is limited to the Reduced Amount, then Executive shall have the right, in his or her sole discretion, to designate those payments or benefits under this Agreement, any Other Agreements and/or any Benefit Plans that should be reduced or eliminated so as to avoid having Executive's Change of Control Compensation be subject to the Excise Tax. If Executive fails to make make such designation within 30 days of having received notification that such designation is required, Ceridian shall make such designations and shall promptly inform Executive of its actions in such regard. 7.05 Interest. In the event Parent Corporation does not make timely payment in full of the Change of Control Termination payment described in Section 7.03, Executive shall be entitled to receive interest on any unpaid amount at the lower of: (a) the prime rate of interest (or such comparable index as may be adopted) established from time to time by the First Bank National Association, Minneapolis, Minnesota; or (b) the maximum rate permitted under Section 280G(d)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code." 2. This Amendment shall become effective as of the date first written above. Following the effectiveness of this Amendment, each reference in the Agreement to "this Agreement," "hereunder," "herein," "hereof," or words of like import shall mean and be a reference to the Agreement as amended by this Amendment. 4 In Witness Whereof, the parties have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first written above. EXECUTIVE CERIDIAN CORPORATION By: [Typed Name] Title: Address: 5 EX-10.08 5 EXHIBIT 10.08 EXHIBIT 10.08 CERIDIAN CORPORATION 1996 DIRECTOR PERFORMANCE INCENTIVE PLAN (As amended through December 31, 1996) 1. Purpose of Plan. The purpose of the Ceridian Corporation 1996 Director Performance Incentive Plan (the "Plan") is to advance the interests of Ceridian Corporation (the "Company") and its stockholders by enabling the Company to attract and retain the services of experienced and knowledgeable non-employee directors, to increase the proprietary interests of such non-employee directors in the Company's long-term success and their identification with the interests of the Company's stockholders, and to serve as the source of transitional awards of Common Stock (as defined below) in connection with the termination of the Company's Directors Deferred Compensation Plan (the "Directors' Retirement Plan"), a retirement plan for non-employee directors. 2. Definitions. The following terms will have the meanings set forth below, unless the context clearly otherwise requires: 2.1 "Award" means an Option, Restricted Stock Award or Share Award granted to an Eligible Director pursuant to the Plan. 2.2 "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company. 2.3 "Broker Exercise Notice" means a written notice pursuant to which an Eligible Director, upon exercise of an Option, irrevocably instructs a broker or dealer to sell a sufficient number of shares or loan a sufficient amount of money to pay all or a portion of the exercise price of the Option and/or any related withholding tax obligations and remit such sums to the Company and directs the Company to deliver stock certificates to be issued upon such exercise directly to such broker or dealer. 2.4 "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. 2.5 "Committee" means the group of individuals administering the Plan, as provided in Section 3 of the Plan. 2.6 "Common Stock" means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.50 per share, or the number and kind of shares of stock or other securities into which such Common Stock may be changed in accordance with Section 4.3 of the Plan. 2.7 "Disability" means the disability of an Eligible Director such as would entitle the Eligible Director to receive disability income benefits pursuant to the long-term disability plan of the Company then covering the Eligible Director or, if no such plan exists or is applicable to the Eligible Director, the permanent and total disability of the Eligible Director within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code. 2.8 "Eligible Directors" means all directors of the Company who are not employees of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company. 2.9 "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. 2.10 "Fair Market Value" means, with respect to the Common Stock, as of any date (or, if no shares were traded or quoted on such date, as of the next preceding date on which there was such a trade or quote), the closing market price per share of the Common Stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape on that date. 2.11 "Option" means a right to purchase 1,500 shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3 of the Plan) granted to an Eligible Director pursuant to Section 6 of the Plan that does not qualify as an "incentive stock option" within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code. 2.12 "Restricted Shares" means shares of Common Stock that are the subject of a Restricted Stock Award, and therefore subject to the restrictions on transferability and the risk of forfeiture imposed by the provisions of Sections 5 and 8 of the Plan. 2.13 "Restricted Stock Award" means an award of Restricted Shares to an Eligible Director pursuant to Section 5 of the Plan. 2.14 "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. 2.15 "Share Award" means an award of shares of Common Stock granted to an Eligible Director pursuant to Section 7 of the Plan. 3. Plan Administration. The Plan will be administered by the Nominating and Board Governance Committee of the Board, or any successor committee thereto (the "Committee"). All questions of interpretation of the Plan will be determined by the Committee, each determination, interpretation or other action made or taken by the Committee pursuant to the provisions of the Plan will be conclusive and binding for all purposes and on all persons, and no member of the Committee will be liable for any action or determination made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any Award granted under the Plan. The Committee, however, will have no power to determine the eligibility for participation in the Plan, the number of shares of Common Stock to be subject to Awards, or the timing, pricing or other terms and conditions of the Awards. 4. Shares Available for Issuance. 4.1 Maximum Number of Shares Available. Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3 of the Plan, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that will be available for issuance under the Plan will be 125,000 shares. The shares available for issuance under the Plan may, at the election of the Committee, be either treasury shares or shares authorized but unissued, and, if treasury shares are used, all references in the Plan to the issuance of shares will, for corporate law purposes, be deemed to mean the transfer of shares from treasury. 4.2 Accounting for Awards. Shares of Common Stock that are issued under the Plan or that are subject to outstanding Awards will be applied to reduce the maximum number of shares of Common Stock remaining available for issuance under the Plan. Any shares of Common Stock that are subject to an Award that lapses, expires, or for any reason is terminated unexercised will automatically again become available for issuance under the Plan. 4.3 Adjustments to Shares and Awards. In the event of any reorganization, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, liquidation, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split, combination of shares, rights offering, divestiture or extraordinary dividend (including a spin-off) or any other change in the corporate structure or shares of the Company, the Committee (or, if the Company is not the surviving corporation in any such transaction, the board of directors of the surviving corporation) will make appropriate adjustment (which determination will be conclusive) as to the number and kind of securities available for issuance under the Plan and, in order to prevent dilution or enlargement of the rights of Eligible Directors, the number, kind and, where applicable, exercise price of securities subject to outstanding Incentive Awards. 5. Restricted Stock Awards. 5.1 Grants to New Directors. At such time on or after the effective date of this Plan as additional Eligible Directors are first elected or appointed to the Board to fill new directorships or to fill vacancies, each such Eligible Director will receive, on a one-time basis on the date of his or her first election or 2 appointment to the Board, a Restricted Stock Award. The number of Restricted Shares to be awarded to each such Eligible Director pursuant to such Restricted Stock Award shall be determined by first multiplying the dollar value of the then current annual retainer paid to Eligible Directors by four, then dividing that result by the average closing price of a share of Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the ten trading days immediately prior to the date of such Eligible Director's first election or appointment to the Board, and then rounding the result to the nearest 100 shares. 5.2 Transitional Grants to Existing Directors. A Restricted Stock Award will be granted, on a one-time basis as of the date the Plan is approved by the Company's stockholders, to each Eligible Director as of such date who has not yet completed 48 calendar quarters of service on the Board and who has consented to the termination of the Directors' Retirement Plan. The number of Restricted Shares to be awarded to each such Eligible Director pursuant to such Restricted Stock Award shall be determined by multiplying the number of Restricted Shares that would be awarded pursuant to Section 5.1 to a new director who was first elected to the Board on May 8, 1996 by a fraction, the denominator of which is 48 and the numerator of which is the number of whole and partial calendar quarters from July 1, 1996 through the earlier of (i) the twelfth anniversary of such director's initial election or appointment to the Board, or (ii) the date of the first annual meeting of the Company's stockholders occurring after the director reaches the age of 70. 5.3 Restrictions. Restricted Shares issued to an Eligible Director may not be sold, assigned or otherwise transferred, or subjected to any lien, either voluntarily or involuntarily, by operation of law or otherwise, until such time and only to the extent that such restrictions on transferability have lapsed as provided in this Section 5.3 or in Section 8. For purposes of this Plan, the lapsing of such transferability restrictions is referred to as "vesting," and Restricted Shares that are no longer subject to such transferability restrictions are referred to as "vested." Except as provided in Section 8, Restricted Shares will vest during the period of an Eligible Director's service on the Board as follows: (a) With respect to a Restricted Stock Award made pursuant to Section 5.1, 20% of the total number of Restricted Shares subject to such Award will vest on each of the first five anniversary dates of the date such Restricted Stock Award was first granted. (b) With respect to a Restricted Stock Award made pursuant to Section 5.2, a fraction of the total number of Restricted Shares subject to such Award will vest on each anniversary date of the date such Restricted Stock Award was first granted, the numerator of such fraction being 4 and the denominator being the number of whole and partial calendar quarters from July 1, 1996 through the earliest of (i) the twelfth anniversary of such director's initial election or appointment to the Board, (ii) the date of the first annual meeting of the Company's stockholders occurring after the director reaches the age of 70, or (iii) June 30, 2001. 5.4 Dividends and Distributions. Unless the Committee determines otherwise in its sole discretion (either in the agreement evidencing the Restricted Stock Award at the time of grant or at any time after the grant of the Restricted Stock Award), any dividends or distributions (including regular quarterly cash dividends) paid with respect to Restricted Shares will be currently paid to the Eligible Director and will not be subject to the same restrictions as the Restricted Shares to which such dividends or distributions relate. In the event the Committee determines not to pay such dividends or distributions currently, the Committee will determine in its sole discretion whether any interest will be paid on such dividends or distributions. 5.5 Rights as a Stockholder. Except as provided in this Section 5 and in Section 8, an Eligible Director will have all voting, dividend and other rights with respect to Restricted Shares issued to the Eligible Director upon the Eligible Director becoming the holder of record of such Restricted Shares as if such Eligible Director were a holder of record of shares of unrestricted Common Stock. 5.6 Enforcement of Restrictions. To enforce the restrictions referred to in this Section 5, the Committee will place a legend on the stock certificates referring to such restrictions and will require Eligible Directors, until the Restricted Shares vest, to keep the stock certificates, together with duly endorsed stock powers, in the custody of the Company or its transfer agent or to maintain evidence of stock ownership, 3 together with duly endorsed stock powers if required, in a certificateless book-entry stock account with the Company's transfer agent for its Common Stock. 6. Options. 6.1 Grant. Each Eligible Director will be granted on an annual basis, at such time as the Eligible Director is elected or re-elected to the Board by the stockholders of the Company, an Option. Such Option will be granted only upon such election or re-election of the Eligible Director, and no Option will be granted if the Eligible Director is not so elected or re-elected. 6.2 Exercise Price. The per share price to be paid by an Eligible Director upon exercise of an Option will be 100% of the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock on the date of grant. The total purchase price of the shares to be purchased upon exercise of an Option will be paid entirely in cash (including check, bank draft or money order), or such payment may be made, in whole or in part, by tender of a Broker Exercise Notice. 6.3 Exercisability and Duration. Other than as provided in Section 8 of the Plan, each Option will become exercisable in full six months following its date of grant and will expire and will no longer be exercisable 10 years from its date of grant. 6.4 Manner of Exercise. An Option may be exercised by an Eligible Director in whole or in part from time to time, subject to the conditions contained in the Plan and in the agreement evidencing such Option, by delivery in person, by facsimile or electronic transmission or through the mail of written notice of exercise to the Company, Attention: Corporate Treasury, at its principal executive office in Bloomington, Minnesota and by paying in full the total exercise price for the shares of Common Stock to be purchased in accordance with Section 6.2 of the Plan. 6.5 Rights as a Stockholder. As a holder of Options, an Eligible Director will have no rights as a stockholder unless and until such Options are exercised for shares of Common Stock and the Eligible Director becomes the holder of record of such shares. No adjustment will be made for dividends or distributions with respect to Options as to which there is a record date preceding the date the Eligible Director becomes the holder of record of such shares. 7. Share Awards. Share Awards pursuant to the Plan will take the form of either Retirement Plan Share Awards pursuant to Section 7.1 hereof, or Retainer Share Awards pursuant to Section 7.2 hereof. 7.1 In Lieu of Directors' Retirement Plan Benefits. A Retirement Plan Share Award will be granted, on a one-time basis as of the date the Plan is approved by the Company's stockholders, to each Eligible Director as of such date who has consented to the termination of the Directors' Retirement Plan and agreed to relinquish his or her accrued benefits thereunder. The number of shares of Common Stock to be awarded to each such Eligible Director pursuant to such a Retirement Plan Share Award shall be determined by dividing the present value, using an 8% discount rate, of such Eligible Director's accrued benefits (without regard to the satisfaction of the length of service eligibility requirement in Article III of the Directors' Retirement Plan) under the Directors' Retirement Plan (assuming commencement of such benefits immediately upon termination of the Directors' Retirement Plan) by the average closing price of a share of Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the ten trading days immediately prior to May 8, 1996, rounded to the nearest whole share. Shares subject to a Retirement Plan Share Award made pursuant to this Section 7.1 will not be subject to any contractual restrictions on transferability or to any contractual risk of forfeiture. 7.2 As Payment of a Portion of Annual Retainer. (a) A Retainer Share Award will be granted annually as of the first trading day of each calendar year, commencing January 2, 1997, to each Eligible Director as of such date. The number of shares of Common Stock to be awarded to each Eligible Director pursuant to a Retainer Share Award shall be determined 4 by dividing one-half of the dollar amount of the annual retainer (not to include any supplemental annual retainer payments payable to chairpersons of Board committees or for other purposes) to be paid to each Eligible Director for service as a member of the Board for the calendar year during which such award occurs (the "Issuance Year") by the average closing price of a share of Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the last ten trading days of the immediately preceding calendar year, rounded to the nearest whole share. The issuance of such a Retainer Share Award shall be in lieu of payment of that half of the annual retainer in cash. (b) Shares subject to a Retainer Share Award may not be sold, assigned or otherwise transferred, or subjected to any lien, either voluntarily or involuntarily, by operation of law or otherwise, until such time as the Eligible Director's service as a director of the Company ceases. In addition, a portion of the shares subject to an Eligible Director's most recent Retainer Share Award shall be forfeited if the Eligible Director's service as a director of the Company ceases for any reason prior to December 31 of the Issuance Year. The portion of the shares subject to a Retainer Share Award that shall be forfeited pursuant to this paragraph 7.2(b) shall be determined by multiplying the number of shares subject to such Retainer Share Award by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days remaining in the Issuance Year after the date of such Eligible Director's cessation of service as a director and the denominator of which is 365, rounded down to the nearest whole share. (c) Except as otherwise provided in this Section 7.2, an Eligible Director will have all voting, dividend, distribution and other rights with respect to shares subject to a Retainer Share Award upon the Eligible Director becoming the holder of record of such shares as if such Eligible Director were a holder of record of shares of unrestricted Common Stock. (d) To enforce the restrictions referred to in this Section 7.2, ownership of shares subject to a Retainer Share Award will be evidenced in a certificateless book-entry stock account in the name of each Eligible Director with the Company's transfer agent for its Common Stock. A certificate for the number of shares in such a book-entry account that are not subject to forfeiture pursuant to paragraph 7.2(b) hereof will be issued to the applicable Eligible Director when such director's term of service on the Company's Board ceases. [Section 7 as amended effective December 31, 1996.] 8. Effect of Termination of Service as Director. 8.1 Termination Due to Death or Disability. If an Eligible Director's service as a director of the Company is terminated by reason of death or Disability, all outstanding Options then held by the Eligible Director will become immediately exercisable in full and will remain exercisable for the remainder of their terms, and all Restricted Shares then held by such Eligible Director shall immediately and fully vest. 8.2 Voluntary Termination. If an Eligible Director voluntarily resigns from the Board (which does not include the submission of an offer not to stand for re-election as a director in accordance with Company policies), the Eligible Director shall forfeit all Restricted Shares not yet vested, and outstanding Options then held by the Eligible Director will remain exercisable for a period of three months after such termination (but in no event after the expiration date of any such Option) only to the extent they were exercisable as of such termination. 8.3 Termination for Other Reasons. If an Eligible Director's service as a director of the Company terminates for any reason other than those specified in Sections 8.1 and 8.2, the portion of such Eligible Director's Restricted Shares that were scheduled to vest on the next vesting date following the date of such termination shall immediately vest, but all remaining unvested Restricted Shares shall be forfeited, and outstanding Options then held by the Eligible Director will remain exercisable until the expiration date of each such Option only to the extent such Options were exercisable as of such termination. 8.4 Date of Termination of Service as a Director. An Eligible Director's service as a director of the Company will, for purposes of the Plan, be deemed to have terminated on the date recorded on the personnel or other records of the Company, as determined by the Committee based upon such records. 5 9. Rights of Eligible Directors; Transferability of Interests. 9.1 Service as a Director. Nothing in the Plan will interfere with or limit in any way the right of the Board or the stockholders of the Company to terminate an Eligible Director, and neither the Plan, nor the granting of an Award nor any other action taken pursuant to the Plan, will constitute or be evidence of any agreement or understanding, express or implied, that the Board or the stockholders of the Company will retain an Eligible Director for any period of time or at any particular rate of compensation. 9.2 Restrictions on Transfer of Interests. Except pursuant to testamentary will or the laws of descent and distribution or as otherwise expressly permitted by the Plan, no right or interest of any Eligible Director in an Award prior to the exercise of Options or the vesting of Restricted Shares will be assignable or transferable, or subjected to any lien, during the lifetime of the Eligible Director, either voluntarily or involuntarily, by operation of law or otherwise. An Eligible Director will, however, be entitled to designate a beneficiary to receive an Award upon such Eligible Director's death, and in the event of an Eligible Director's death, payment of any amounts due under the Plan will be made to, and exercise of any Options (to the extent permitted pursuant to Section 6 of the Plan) may be made by, the Eligible Director's legal representatives, heirs and legatees. 9.3 Non-Exclusivity of the Plan. Nothing contained in the Plan is intended to create any limitations on the power or authority of the Board to adopt such additional or other compensation arrangements for non-employee directors as the Board may deem necessary or desirable. 10. Securities Law and Other Restrictions. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or any agreements entered into pursuant to the Plan, the Company will not be required to issue any shares of Common Stock under this Plan, and an Eligible Director may not sell, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan, unless (a) there is in effect with respect to such shares a registration statement under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws or an exemption from such registration under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws, and (b) there has been obtained any other consent, approval or permit from any other regulatory body which the Committee, in its sole discretion, deems necessary or advisable. The Company may condition such issuance, sale or transfer upon the receipt of any representations or agreements from the parties involved, and the placement of any legends on certificates representing shares of Common Stock, as may be deemed necessary or advisable by the Company in order to comply with such securities law or other restrictions. 11. Plan Amendment, Modification and Termination. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan or any portion thereof at any time, and may amend the Plan from time to time in such respects as the Board may deem advisable in order that Awards under the Plan will conform to any change in applicable laws or regulations or in any other respect the Board may deem to be in the best interests of the Company; provided, however, that (a) no amendments to the Plan will be effective without approval of the stockholders of the Company if stockholder approval of the amendment is then required pursuant to Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act or the rules of the New York Stock Exchange, and (b) to the extent prohibited by Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act, the Plan may not be amended more than once every six months. No termination, suspension or amendment of the Plan may adversely affect any outstanding Award without the consent of the affected Eligible Director; provided, however, that this sentence will not impair the right of the Committee to take whatever action it deems appropriate under Section 4.3 of the Plan. 12. Effective Date and Duration of the Plan. The Plan will be effective as of May 8, 1996, the date it is to be approved by the Company's stockholders. The Plan will terminate at midnight on May 31, 2001, and may be terminated prior thereto by Board action, and no Award will be granted after such termination. Awards outstanding upon termination of the Plan may continue to be exercised or to vest in accordance with their terms. 6 13. Miscellaneous. 13.1 Governing Law. The validity, construction, interpretation, administration and effect of the Plan and any rules, regulations and actions relating to the Plan will be governed by and construed exclusively in accordance with the laws of the State of Minnesota. 13.2 Successors and Assigns. The Plan will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the Eligible Directors. 7 EX-10.09 6 EXHIBIT 10.09 EHHIBIT 10.09 CERIDIAN CORPORATION 1993 LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PLAN (Amended and Restated as of May 10, 1995) (As amended through January 30, 1997) 1. Purpose of Plan. The purpose of the Ceridian Corporation 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan (as amended and restated as of May 10, 1995) (the "Plan") is to advance the interests of Ceridian Corporation (the "Company") and its stockholders by enabling the Company and its Subsidiaries to attract and retain persons of ability to perform services for the Company and its Subsidiaries by providing an incentive to such individuals through equity participation in the Company and by rewarding such individuals who contribute to the achievement by the Company of its economic objectives. 2. Definitions. The following terms will have the meanings set forth below, unless the context clearly otherwise requires: 2.1 "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company. 2.2 "Broker Exercise Notice" means a written notice pursuant to which a Participant, upon exercise of an Option, irrevocably instructs a broker or dealer to sell a sufficient number of shares or loan a sufficient amount of money to pay all or a portion of the exercise price of the Option and/or any related withholding tax obligations and remit such sums to the Company and directs the Company to deliver stock certificates to be issued upon such exercise directly to such broker or dealer. 2.3 "Change of Control" means an event described in Section 12.1 of the Plan. 2.4 "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. 2.5 "Committee" means the group of individuals administering the Plan, as provided in Section 3 of the Plan. 2.6 "Common Stock" means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.50 per share, or the number and kind of shares of stock or other securities into which such Common Stock may be changed in accordance with Section 4.3 of the Plan. 2.7 "Disability" means the disability of the Participant such as would entitle the Participant to receive disability income benefits pursuant to the long-term disability plan of the Company or Subsidiary then covering the Participant or, if no such plan exists or is applicable to the Participant, the permanent and total disability of the Participant within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code. 2.8 "Eligible Recipients" means all employees (including, without limitation, officers and directors who are also employees) of the Company or any Subsidiary. 2.9 "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. 2.10 "Fair Market Value" means, with respect to the Common Stock as of any date, the closing market price per share of the Common Stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape on that date (or, if no shares were traded or quoted on such date, as of the next preceding date on which there was such a trade or quote). [As amended 1/30/97.] 2.11 "Incentive Award" means an Option, Stock Appreciation Right, Restricted Stock Award or Performance Unit granted to an Eligible Recipient pursuant to the Plan. 2.12 "Incentive Stock Option" means a right to purchase Common Stock granted to an Eligible Recipient pursuant to Section 6 of the Plan that qualifies as an "incentive stock option" within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code. 2.13 "Newly Hired Employee" means a person who has been an Eligible Recipient for 90 days or less. 2.14 "Non-Statutory Stock Option" means a right to purchase Common Stock granted to an Eligible Recipient pursuant to Section 6 of the Plan that does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option. 2.15 "Option" means an Incentive Stock Option or a Non- Statutory Stock Option. 2.16 "Participant" means an Eligible Recipient who receives one or more Incentive Awards under the Plan. 2.17 "Performance Goal" means the absolute or relative measure of one or more of the following alternatives as specified by the Committee in writing for any Performance Period, the achievement of which is a condition precedent to the vesting of a Performance Restricted Stock Award hereunder: Total Return to Stockholders; fully diluted earnings per share for the Company; or earnings before interest and taxes, return on equity or invested capital, or revenue growth for the Company or a specified Subsidiary or division of the Company. Any such Performance Goal shall be established by the Committee on or before the latest date permissible to enable the Performance Restricted Stock Award to qualify as "performance-based compensation" under Section 162(m). For purposes of this definition, any relative measure of Total Return to Stockholders shall utilize the Company's Performance Ranking Position, and other financial terms shall have the same meanings as used in the Company's financial statements. 2.18 "Performance Period" means the period of time during which Performance Goals are measured to determine the vesting of Performance Restricted Stock Awards. 2.19 "Performance Ranking Position" means the relative placement of the Company's Total Return to Stockholders as measured against (i) the Total Return to Stockholders of other companies in a nationally recognized index such as the S&P 500, or in a peer group of companies selected by the Committee prior to the commencement of a Performance Period, or (ii) the performance of such nationally recognized index itself. 2.20 "Performance Restricted Stock Award" means a Restricted Stock Award the vesting of which is conditioned upon the satisfaction of one or more Performance Goals. 2.21 "Performance Unit" means a right granted to an Eligible Recipient pursuant to Section 9 of the Plan to receive a payment from the Company, in the form of stock, cash or a combination of both, upon the achievement of established performance criteria. 2 2.22 "Previously Acquired Shares" means shares of Common Stock that are already owned by the Participant. 2.23 "Restricted Stock Award" means an award of Common Stock granted to an Eligible Recipient pursuant to Section 8 of the Plan that is subject to the restrictions on transferability and the risk of forfeiture imposed by the provisions of such Section 8. 2.24 "Retirement" means the termination (other than for "cause" as defined in Section 10.3(b) of the Plan or by reason of death or Disability) of a Participant's employment or other service on or after the date on which the Participant has attained the age of 55 and has completed 10 years of continuous service to the Company or any Subsidiary (such period of service to be determined in accordance with the retirement/pension plan or practice of the Company or Subsidiary then covering the Participant, provided that if the Participant is not covered by any such plan or practice, the Participant will be deemed to be covered by the Company's plan or practice for purposes of this determination). [As amended 1/30/97.] 2.25 "Section 162(m)" means Section 162(m) of the Code. 2.26 "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. 2.27 "Stock Appreciation Right" means a right granted to an Eligible Recipient pursuant to Section 7 of the Plan to receive a payment from the Company, in the form of stock, cash or a combination of both, equal to the difference between the Fair Market Value of one or more shares of Common Stock and the exercise price of such shares under the terms of such Stock Appreciation Right. 2.28 "Subsidiary" means any entity that is directly or indirectly controlled by the Company or any entity in which the Company has a significant equity interest, as determined by the Committee. 2.29 "Tax Date" means the date any withholding tax obligation arises under the Code for a Participant with respect to an Incentive Award. 2.30 "Total Return to Stockholders" with respect to a company means the total return to a holder of the common stock of that company during a Performance Period as a result of his or her ownership of that stock during such Performance Period, such total return to include both the appreciation (or depreciation) in the per share price of such common stock during such Performance Period, and the per share fair market value of all dividends and distributions paid or distributed by such company with respect to such common stock during such Performance Period, assuming that all such dividends and distributions are reinvested in shares of such common stock at their fair market value on the last trading day of the month in which the dividend or distribution is paid or distributed. 3. Plan Administration. 3.1 The Committee. So long as the Company has a class of its equity securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, the Plan will be administered by a committee (the "Committee") consisting solely of not less than two members of the Board who are "Non-Employee Directors" within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act. To the extent consistent with corporate law, the Committee may delegate to any directors or officers of the Company the duties, power and authority of the Committee under the Plan pursuant to such conditions or limitations as the Committee 3 may establish; provided, however, that only the Committee may exercise such duties, power and authority with respect to Eligible Recipients who are subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Each determination, interpretation or other action made or taken by the Committee pursuant to the provisions of the Plan will be conclusive and binding for all purposes and on all persons, and no member of the Committee will be liable for any action or determination made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any Incentive Award granted under the Plan. [As amended 1/30/97.] 3.2 Authority of the Committee. (a) In accordance with and subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Committee will have the authority to determine all provisions of Incentive Awards as the Committee may deem necessary or desirable and as consistent with the terms of the Plan, including, without limitation, the following: (i) the Eligible Recipients to be selected as Participants; (ii) the nature and extent of the Incentive Awards to be made to each Participant (including the number of shares of Common Stock to be subject to each Incentive Award, any exercise price, the manner in which Incentive Awards will vest or become exercisable and whether Incentive Awards will be granted in tandem with other Incentive Awards) and the form of written agreement, if any, evidencing such Incentive Award; (iii) the time or times when Incentive Awards will be granted; (iv) the duration of each Incentive Award; and (v) the restrictions and other conditions to which the payment or vesting of Incentive Awards may be subject. In addition, the Committee will have the authority under the Plan in its sole discretion to pay the economic value of any Incentive Award in the form of cash, Common Stock or any combination of both. (b) Except as otherwise provided in the remainder of this Paragraph 3.2(b), the Committee will have the authority under the Plan to amend or modify the terms and conditions of any outstanding Incentive Award in any manner, so long as the amended or modified terms are permitted by the Plan as then in effect (including the requirement under Section 6.2 that an Option exercise price will never be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the date of grant), and any Participant adversely affected by such amended or modified terms has consented to such amendment or modification. No amendment or modification to an Incentive Award, however, whether pursuant to this Section 3.2 or any other provisions of the Plan, will be deemed to be a regrant of such Incentive Award for purposes of this Plan. The Committee shall not have the authority under the Plan to accelerate the exercisability or vesting of, or otherwise terminate or relax any restrictions relating to, any Incentive Award except in the case of death, Disability or Retirement of a Participant, or except to the extent that the exercise of such discretion by the Committee does not affect Incentive Awards involving, in the aggregate over the life of the Plan, more than 3% of the total number of shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the Plan. The Committee shall not have the authority under the Plan to authorize the grant of replacement Option or Stock Appreciation Right awards in substitution for pre-existing Incentive Awards of those types that have been or are to be surrendered and canceled at any time when the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock is less than the exercise price applicable to such surrendered and canceled Incentive Awards. [As amended through July 26, 1995] (c) In the event of (i) any reorganization, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, liquidation, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split, combination of shares, rights offering, extraordinary dividend or divestiture (including a spin-off) or any other change in corporate structure or shares, (ii) any purchase, acquisition, sale or disposition of a significant amount of assets or a significant business, (iii) any change in accounting principles or practices, or (iv) any other similar change, in each case with respect to the Company (or any Subsidiary or division thereof) or any other entity whose 4 performance is relevant to the grant or vesting of an Incentive Award, the Committee (or, if the Company is not the surviving corporation in any such transaction, the board of directors of the surviving corporation) may, without the consent of any affected Participant, amend or modify the grant or vesting criteria of any outstanding Incentive Award that is based in whole or in part on the financial performance of the Company (or any Subsidiary or division thereof) or such other entity so as equitably to reflect such event, with the desired result that the criteria for evaluating such financial performance of the Company or such other entity will be substantially the same (in the sole discretion of the Committee or the board of directors of the surviving corporation) following such event as prior to such event; provided, however, that the amended or modified terms are permitted by the Plan as then in effect. 4. Shares Available for Issuance. 4.1 Maximum Number of Shares Available. Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3 of the Plan, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that will be available for issuance under the Plan will be 6,000,000 shares. The shares available for issuance under the Plan may, at the election of the Committee, be either treasury shares or shares authorized but unissued, and, if treasury shares are used, all references in the Plan to the issuance of shares will, for corporate law purposes, be deemed to mean the transfer of shares from treasury. 4.2 Limitation on Individual Awards in Any Taxable Year. The maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be the subject of Incentive Awards made to any Eligible Recipient in any one taxable year of the Company shall not exceed 250,000 shares (the "Maximum Annual Grant"). 4.3 Accounting for Incentive Awards. Shares of Common Stock that are issued under the Plan or that are subject to outstanding Incentive Awards will be applied to reduce the maximum number of shares of Common Stock remaining available for issuance under the Plan. Any shares of Common Stock that are subject to an Incentive Award that lapses, expires, is forfeited or for any reason is terminated unexercised or unvested and any shares of Common Stock that are subject to an Incentive Award that is settled or paid in cash or any form other than shares of Common Stock will automatically again become available for issuance under the Plan. 4.4 Adjustments to Shares and Incentive Awards. In the event of any reorganization, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, liquidation, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split, combination of shares, rights offering, divestiture or extraordinary dividend (including a spin-off) or any other change in the corporate structure or shares of the Company, the Committee (or, if the Company is not the surviving corporation in any such transaction, the board of directors of the surviving corporation) will make appropriate adjustments (which determination will be conclusive) as to (i) the number and kind of securities available for issuance under the Plan, (ii) the Maximum Annual Grant, and (iii) in order to prevent dilution or enlargement of the rights of Participants, the number, kind and, where applicable, exercise price of securities subject to outstanding Incentive Awards. 5. Participation. Participants in the Plan will be those Eligible Recipients who, in the judgment of the Committee, have contributed, are contributing or are expected to contribute to the achievement of economic objectives of the Company or its Subsidiaries. Eligible Recipients may be granted from time to time one or more Incentive Awards, singly or in combination or in tandem with other Incentive Awards, as may be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion. Incentive Awards will be deemed to be granted as of the date 5 specified in the grant resolution of the Committee, which date will be the date of any related agreement with the Participant. 6. Options. 6.1 Grant. An Eligible Recipient may be granted one or more Options under the Plan, and such Options will be subject to such terms and conditions, consistent with the other provisions of the Plan, as may be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion and reflected in the award agreement evidencing such Option. The Committee may designate whether an Option is to be considered an Incentive Stock Option or a Non-Statutory Stock Option. [As amended 1/30/97.] 6.2 Exercise Price. The per share price to be paid by a Participant upon exercise of an Option will be determined by the Committee in its discretion at the time of the Option grant but will not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock on the date of grant. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, the per share exercise price of Options granted under the Plan will be equal to 100% of the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock on the date of grant. 6.3 Exercisability and Duration. An Option will become exercisable at such times and in such installments as may be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion at the time of grant; provided, however, that no Option may be exercisable prior to six months (other than Options described in Section 6.6 of the Plan or as provided in Sections 10 or 12 of the Plan) or after 10 years from its date of grant. Unless the Committee determines otherwise, an Option granted under the Plan will be exercisable for 10 years from its date of grant and will become exercisable on a cumulative basis with respect to one-third of the shares subject to such Option on each January 1 occurring at least six months after its date of grant. 6.4 Payment of Exercise Price. The total purchase price of the shares to be purchased upon exercise of an Option will be paid entirely in cash (including check, bank draft or money order); provided, however, that the Committee, in its sole discretion and upon terms and conditions established by the Committee, may allow such payments to be made, in whole or in part, by tender of a Broker Exercise Notice, Previously Acquired Shares or a combination of such methods. 6.5 Manner of Exercise. An Option may be exercised by a Participant in whole or in part from time to time, subject to the conditions contained in the Plan and in the agreement evidencing such Option, by delivery in person, by facsimile or electronic transmission or through the mail of written notice of exercise to the Company, Attention: Corporate Treasury, at its principal executive office in Minneapolis, Minnesota and by paying in full the total exercise price for the shares of Common Stock to be purchased in accordance with Section 6.4 of the Plan. 6.6 Options or Stock in Lieu of Bonus. Without limiting in any way the authority of the Committee to establish the terms and conditions of Options or other Incentive Awards, the Committee may allow Eligible Recipients to elect to receive some or all of their annual cash bonus in the form of Non-Statutory Stock Options or shares of Common Stock rather than cash. The Committee will have the sole authority to determine whether to allow such an election and to establish the terms and conditions to such an election, which terms and conditions will be set forth in the agreement evidencing such Options or Incentive Awards. 6 7. Stock Appreciation Rights. 7.1 Grant. An Eligible Recipient may be granted one or more Stock Appreciation Rights under the Plan, and such Stock Appreciation Rights will be subject to such terms and conditions, consistent with the other provisions of the Plan, as may be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion. 7.2 Exercise Price. The exercise price of a Stock Appreciation Right will be determined by the Committee, in its discretion, at the date of grant but will not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock on the date of grant. 7.3 Exercisability and Duration. A Stock Appreciation Right will become exercisable at such times and in such installments as may be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion at the time of grant; provided, however, that no Stock Appreciation Right may be exercisable prior to six months (other than as provided in Section 10 of the Plan) or after 10 years from its date of grant. Unless the Committee determines otherwise, a Stock Appreciation Right granted under the Plan will be exercisable for 10 years from its date of grant and will become exercisable on a cumulative basis with respect to one-third of the shares subject to such Stock Appreciation Right on each January 1 occurring at least six months after its date of grant. A Stock Appreciation Right will be exercised by giving notice in the same manner as for Options, as set forth in Section 6.5 of the Plan. 8. Restricted Stock Awards. 8.1 Grant. An Eligible Recipient may be granted one or more Restricted Stock Awards under the Plan, and such Restricted Stock Awards will be subject to such terms and conditions, consistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion and reflected in the award agreement evidencing such Restricted Stock Award. The Committee may impose such restrictions or conditions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, to the vesting of such Restricted Stock Awards as it deems appropriate, including, without limitation, that the Participant remain in the continuous employ or service of the Company or a Subsidiary for a certain period, that the Participant or the Company (or any Subsidiary or division thereof) satisfy certain performance criteria; provided, however, that any Restricted Stock Award made on or after May 10, 1995 to an Eligible Recipient other than a Newly Hired Employee must be a Performance Restricted Stock Award. Other than as provided in Sections 10 or 12 of the Plan, (i) no Restricted Stock Award may vest prior to six months from its date of grant, and (ii) any Restricted Stock Award that is not a Performance Restricted Stock Award may vest only over a period of at least three years from the date such Award was granted, the rate at which the shares subject to such Award may vest during such period shall not be more favorable to the Participant than vesting in equal annual installments, and the Participant must remain in the continuous employ or service of the Company or a Subsidiary during such period. [As amended through 1/30/97.] 8.2 Rights as a Stockholder; Transferability. Except as provided in Sections 8.1, 8.3 and 13.3 of the Plan, a Participant will have all voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights with respect to shares of Common Stock issued to the Participant as a Restricted Stock Award under this Section 8 upon the Participant becoming the holder of record of such shares as if such Participant were a holder of record of shares of unrestricted Common Stock. 8.3 Dividends and Distributions. Unless the Committee determines otherwise in its sole discretion (either in the agreement evidencing the Restricted Stock Award at the time of grant or at any time after the grant of the Restricted Stock Award), any dividends or distributions (including 7 regular quarterly cash dividends) paid with respect to shares of Common Stock subject to the unvested portion of a Restricted Stock Award will not be subject to the same restrictions as the shares to which such dividends or distributions relate and will be currently paid to the Participant. In the event the Committee determines not to pay such dividends or distributions currently, the Committee will determine in its sole discretion whether any interest will be paid on such dividends or distributions. In addition, the Committee, in its sole discretion, may require such dividends and distributions to be reinvested (and in such case the Participants consent to such reinvestment) in shares of Common Stock that will be subject to the same restrictions as the shares to which such dividends or distributions relate. 8.4 Enforcement of Restrictions. To enforce the restrictions referred to in this Section 8, the Committee may place a legend on the stock certificates referring to such restrictions and may require Participants, until the restrictions have lapsed, to keep the stock certificates, together with duly endorsed stock powers, in the custody of the Company or its transfer agent or to maintain evidence of stock ownership, together with duly endorsed stock powers, in a certificateless book-entry stock account with the Company's transfer agent for its Common Stock. 9. Performance Units. An Eligible Recipient may be granted one or more Performance Units under the Plan, and such Performance Units will be subject to such terms and conditions, consistent with the other provisions of the Plan, as may be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion. The Committee may impose such restrictions or conditions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, to the vesting of such Performance Units as it deems appropriate, including, without limitation, that the Participant remain in the continuous employ or service of the Company or any Subsidiary for a certain period or that the Participant or the Company (or any Subsidiary or division thereof) satisfy certain performance criteria. The Committee will have the sole discretion either to determine the form in which payment of the economic value of vested Performance Units will be made to the Participant (i.e., cash, Common Stock or any combination thereof) or to consent to or disapprove the election by the Participant of the form of such payment. 10. Effect of Termination of Employment or Other Service. 10.1 Termination Due to Death or Disability. In the event a Participant's employment or other service with the Company and all Subsidiaries is terminated by reason of death or Disability: (a) All outstanding Options then held by the Participant will become immediately exercisable in full and will remain exercisable for the remainder of their terms unless otherwise expressly provided by the Committee in the agreement evidencing any such Option Award; [As amended 1/30/97.] (b) All Restricted Stock Awards then held by the Participant that have not vested as of such termination will be terminated and forfeited; and (c) All Performance Units and Stock Appreciation Rights then held by the Participant will vest and/or continue to vest and, with respect to Stock Appreciation Rights, will remain exercisable in the manner determined by the Committee and set forth in the agreement evidencing such Incentive Awards. 8 10.2 Termination Due to Retirement. Except as otherwise provided in Section 12 of the Plan, in the event a Participant's employment or other service with the Company and all Subsidiaries is terminated by reason of Retirement: (a) All outstanding Options then held by the Participant will continue to become exercisable in accordance with their terms unless otherwise expressly provided by the Committee in the agreement evidencing any such Option Award; [As amended 1/30/97.] (b) All Restricted Stock Awards then held by the Participant that have not vested as of such termination will be terminated and forfeited; and (c) All Performance Units and Stock Appreciation Rights then held by the Participant will vest and/or continue to vest and, with respect to Stock Appreciation Rights, will remain exercisable in the manner determined by the Committee and set forth in the agreement evidencing such Incentive Awards. 10.3 Termination for Reasons Other than Death, Disability or Retirement. (a) Except as otherwise provided in Section 12 of the Plan, in the event a Participant's employment or other service is terminated with the Company and all Subsidiaries for any reason other than death, Disability or Retirement, or a Participant is in the employ or service of a Subsidiary and the Subsidiary ceases to be a Subsidiary of the Company (unless the Participant continues in the employ or service of the Company or another Subsidiary), all rights of the Participant under the Plan and any agreements evidencing an Incentive Award will immediately terminate without notice of any kind, no Options or Stock Appreciation Rights then held by the Participant will thereafter be exercisable and all Restricted Stock Awards then held by the Participant that have not vested will be terminated and forfeited; provided, however, that if such termination is due to any reason other than termination by the Company or any Subsidiary for "cause," all outstanding Options then held by such Participant will remain exercisable to the extent exercisable as of such termination for a period of three months after such termination (but in no event after the expiration date of any such Option) and all Performance Units and Stock Appreciation Rights will vest and/or continue to vest and, with respect to Stock Appreciation Rights, will remain exercisable in the manner determined by the Committee and set forth in the agreement evidencing such Incentive Awards. (b) For purposes of this Section 10.3, "cause" will be as defined in any employment or other agreement or policy applicable to the Participant or, if no such agreement or policy exists, will mean (i) dishonesty, fraud, misrepresentation, embezzlement or material and deliberate injury or attempted injury, in each case related to the Company or any Subsidiary, (ii) any unlawful or criminal activity of a serious nature, (iii) any willful breach of duty, habitual neglect of duty or unreasonable job performance, or (iv) any material breach of any employment, service, confidentiality or noncompete agreement entered into with the Company or any Subsidiary. 10.4 Modification of Rights Upon Termination. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Section 10, upon a Participant's termination of employment or other service with the Company and all Subsidiaries, the Committee may, in its sole discretion (which may be exercised before or following such termination) but consistent with the limitations of Paragraph 3.2(b) of the Plan, cause Options or Stock Appreciation Rights (or any part thereof) then held by such Participant to become exercisable and/or remain exercisable following such termination of employment or service and Restricted Stock Awards and Performance Units then held by such Participant to vest and/or continue to vest 9 following such termination of employment or service, in each case in the manner determined by the Committee. [Amended as of July 26, 1995] 10.5 Date of Termination of Employment or Other Service. Unless the Committee otherwise determines in its sole discretion, a Participant's employment or other service will, for purposes of the Plan, be deemed to have terminated on the date recorded on the personnel or other records of the Company or the Subsidiary for which the Participant provides employment or other service, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion based upon such records. 11. Payment of Withholding Taxes. 11.1 General Rules. The Company is entitled to (a) withhold and deduct from future wages of the Participant (or from other amounts which may be due and owing to the Participant from the Company or a Subsidiary), or make other arrangements for the collection of, all legally required amounts necessary to satisfy any and all federal, state and local withholding and employment- related tax requirements attributable to an Incentive Award, including, without limitation, the grant, exercise or vesting of, or payment of dividends with respect to, an Incentive Award or a disqualifying disposition of stock received upon exercise of an Incentive Stock Option, or (b) require the Participant promptly to remit the amount of such withholding to the Company before taking any action with respect to an Incentive Award. 11.2 Special Rules. The Committee may, in its sole discretion and upon terms and conditions established by the Committee, permit or require a Participant to satisfy, in whole or in part, any withholding or employment-related tax obligation described in Section 11.1 of the Plan by electing to tender Previously Acquired Shares, a Broker Exercise Notice or a combination of such methods. 12. Change of Control. 12.1 Definitions. For purposes of this Section 12, the following definitions will be applied: (a) "Benefit Plan" means any formal or informal plan, program or other arrangement heretofore or hereafter adopted by the Company or any Subsidairy for the direct or indirect provision of compensation to the Participant (including groups or classes of participants or beneficiaries of which the Participant is a member), whether or not such compensation is deferred, is in the form of cash or other property or rights, or is in the form of a benefit to or for the Participant. (b) "Change of Control" means any of the following events: (i) a merger or consolidation to which the Company is a party if the individuals and entities who were stockholders of the Company immediately prior to the effective date of such merger or consolidation have beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of less than 50% of the total combined voting power for election of directors of the surviving corporation immediately following the effective date of such merger or consolidation; (ii) the direct or indirect beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) in the aggregate of securities of the Company representing 25% or more of the total combined voting power of the Company's then issued and outstanding securities by any person or entity, or group of associated person or entities acting in concert; 10 (iii) the sale of the properties and assets of the Company, substantially as an entirety, to any person or entity which is not a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company; (iv) the stockholders of the Company approve any plan or proposal for the liquidation of the Company; or (v) a change in the composition of the Board at any time during any consecutive 24 month period such that the "Continuity Directors" cease for any reason to constitute at least a 70% majority of the Board. For purposes of this clause, "Continuity Directors" means those members of the Board who either (1) were directors at the beginning of such consecutive 24 month period, or (2) were elected by, or on the nomination or recommendation of, at least a two-thirds majority of the then-existing Board of Directors. (c) "Change of Control Compensation" means any payment or benefit (including any transfer of property) in the nature of compensation, to or for the benefit of a Participant under this Plan or any Other Agreement or Benefit Plan, which is considered to be contingent on a Change of Control for purposes of Section 280G of the Code. (d) "Change of Control Termination" means, with respect to a Participant, any of the following events occurring within two years after a Change of Control: (i) Termination of the Participant's employment with the Company and all of its Subsidiaries for any reason other than (A) fraud, (B) theft or embezzlement of Company or Subsidiary assets, (C) intentional violations of law involving moral turpitude, or (D) the substantial and continuing failure by the Participant to satisfactorily perform his or her duties as reasonably assigned to the Participant for a period of 60 days after a written demand for such satisfactory performance which specifically identifies the manner in which it is alleged the Participant has not satisfactorily performed such duties; or (ii) Termination of employment with the Company and all of its Subsidiaries by the Participant for Good Reason. A Change of Control Termination shall not include a termination of employment by reason of death or Disability. (e) "Good Reason" means a good faith determination by the Participant, in the Participant's sole and absolute judgment, that any one or more of the following events has occurred, without the Participant's express written consent, after a Change of Control: (i) A change in the Participant's reporting responsibilities, titles or offices as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control, or any removal of the Participant from, or any failure to re-elect the Participant to, any of such positions, which has the effect of diminishing the Participant's responsibility or authority; or (ii) A reduction by the Company or its Subsidiaries in the Participant's base salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control or as the same may be increased from time to time thereafter; or (iii) The Company or its Subsidiaries requiring the Participant to be based anywhere other than within twenty-five miles of the Participant's job location at the time of the Change of Control; or 11 (iv) Without replacement by plans, programs, or arrangements which, taken as a whole, provide benefits to the Participant at least reasonably comparable to those discontinued or adversely affected, (A) the failure by the Company or its Subsidiaries to continue in effect, within its maximum stated term, any pension, bonus, incentive, stock ownership, purchase, option, life insurance, health, accident, disability, or any other employee compensation or benefit plan, program or arrangement, in which the Participant is participating immediately prior to a Change of Control; or (B) the taking of any action by the Company or its Subsidiaries that would materially adversely affect the Participant's participation or materially reduce the Participant's benefits under any of such plans, programs or arrangements; or (v) The failure by the Company or its Subsidiaries to provide office space, furniture, and secretarial support at least comparable to that provided to the Participant immediately prior to the Change of Control, or the taking of any similar action by the Company or its Subsidiaries that would materially adversely affect the working conditions in or under which the Participant performs his or her employment duties; or (vi) If the Participant's primary employment duties are with a Subsidiary of the Company, the sale, merger, contribution, transfer or any other transaction as a result of which the Company no longer directly or indirectly controls or has a significant equity interest in such Subsidiary; or (vii) Any material breach by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries of any employment agreement between the Participant and the Company or such Subsidiary. (f) "Excise Tax" means any applicable federal excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code. (g) "Other Agreements" means any agreement, contract or understanding heretofore or hereafter entered into between a Participant and the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for the direct or indirect provision of compensation to the Participant. (h) "Reduced Amount" means the largest amount that could be received by a Participant as Change of Control Compensation such that no portion of such Change of Control Compensation would be subject to the Excise Tax. 12.2 Acceleration of Vesting. Subject to the "Limitation on Change of Control Compensation" contained in Section 12.3 of the Plan, in the event of a Change of Control Termination with respect to a Participant, and without further action of the Committee: (a) Each Option granted to such Participant that has been outstanding at least six months (or such shorter period as may be specified in the applicable award agreement) will become immediately exercisable in full and will remain exercisable until the expiration date of such Option. [As amended 1/30/97.] (b) Each Restricted Stock Award (including any Performance Restricted Stock Award) granted to such Participant that has been outstanding for at least six months (or such shorter period as may be specified in the applicable award agreement) will immediately become fully vested. [As amended 1/30/97.] (c) All Performance Units and Stock Appreciation Rights then held by such Participant will vest and/or continue to vest and, with respect to Stock Appreciation Rights, will remain exercisable in the manner determined by the Committee and set forth in the agreement evidencing such Incentive Awards. 12 12.3 Limitation on Change of Control Compensation. If any Change of Control Compensation would be considered a "parachute payment" within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code and if, after reduction for any Excise Tax and federal income tax imposed by the Code, the Participant's net proceeds of such Change of Control Compensation would be less than the amount of the Participant's net proceeds resulting from the payment of the Reduced Amount after reduction for federal income taxes, then the Change of Control Compensation payable to the Participant shall be limited to the Reduced Amount. The determinations required by the preceding sentence shall be made by the firm of independent certified public accountants serving as the outside auditor of the Company as of the date of the applicable Change of Control, and such determinations shall be binding upon the Company and such Participant. If Change of Control Compensation to the Participant is limited to the Reduced Amount, then the Participant shall have the right, in his or her sole discretion, to designate those payments or benefits under this Plan, any Other Agreements and/or any Benefit Plans that should be reduced or eliminated so as to avoid having the Participant's Change of Control Compensation be subject to the Excise Tax. If the Participant fails to make such designation within 30 days of having received notification that such designation is required, the Company shall make such designations and shall promptly inform the Participant of its actions in such regard. 12.4 Limitations on Committee's and Board's Actions. Prior to a Change of Control, the Participant will have no rights under this Section 12, and the Board will have the power and right, within its sole discretion to rescind, modify or amend this Section 12 without the consent of any Participant. In all other cases, and notwithstanding the authority granted to the Committee or Board to exercise discretion in interpreting, administering, amending or terminating this Plan, neither the Committee nor the Board will, following a Change of Control, have the power to exercise such authority or otherwise take any action that is inconsistent with the provisions of this Section 12. [Section 12 as amended 5/8/96 and 1/30/97.] 13. Rights of Eligible Recipients and Participants Transferability. 13.1 Employment or Service. Nothing in the Plan will interfere with or limit in any way the right of the Company or any Subsidiary to terminate the employment or service of any Eligible Recipient or Participant at any time, nor confer upon any Eligible Recipient or Participant any right to continue in the employ or service of the Company or any Subsidiary. 13.2 Rights as a Stockholder. As a holder of Incentive Awards (other than Restricted Stock Awards), a Participant will have no rights as a stockholder unless and until such Incentive Awards are exercised for, or paid in the form of, shares of Common Stock and the Participant becomes the holder of record of such shares. Except as otherwise provided in the Plan, no adjustment will be made for dividends or distributions with respect to such Incentive Awards as to which there is a record date preceding the date the Participant becomes the holder of record of such shares, except as the Committee may determine in its discretion. 13.3 Restrictions on Transfer. (a) Except pursuant to testamentary will or the laws of descent and distribution and except as expressly permitted by Paragraph 13.3(b) of the Plan, no right or interest of any Participant in an Incentive Award prior to the exercise or vesting of such Incentive Award will be assignable or transferable, or subjected to any lien, during the lifetime of the Participant, either voluntarily or involuntarily, directly or indirectly, by operation of law or otherwise. A Participant will, however, be entitled to designate a beneficiary to receive an Incentive Award upon such Participant's death, and in the event of a Participant's 13 death, payment of any amounts due under the Plan will be made to, and exercise of any Options (to the extent permitted pursuant to Section 10 of the Plan) may be made by, the Participant's legal representatives, heirs and legatees. [As amended 1/30/97.] (b) The Committee may, in its discretion, authorize all or a portion of the Options to be granted to a Participant to be on terms which permit transfer by such Participant to (i) the spouse, ex-spouse, children, step- children or grandchildren of the Participant (the "Family Members"), (ii) a trust or trusts for the exclusive benefit of such Family Members, (iii) a partnership in which such Family Members are the only partners, or (iv) such other persons or entities as the Committee, in its discretion, may permit, provided that (1) there may be no consideration for such a transfer (other than the possible receipt of an ownership interest in an entity to which such a transfer is made), (2) the award agreement pursuant to which such Options are granted must be approved by the Committee and must expressly provide for transferability in a manner consistent with this Paragraph 13.3(b), (3) timely written notice of the transfer must be provided to the Company by the Participant, and (4) subsequent transfers of the transferred Options shall be prohibited except for those in accordance with Paragraph 13.3(a). Following transfer, any such Option and the rights of any transferee with respect thereto shall continue to be subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable immediately prior to the transfer, including that the events of termination of employment as provided in the Plan and in any applicable award agreement shall continue to be applied with respect to the original Participant, with the transferee bound by the consequences of any such termination of employment as specified in the Plan and the applicable award agreement. The Company shall be under no obligation to provide notice of termination of a Participant's employment to any transferee of such Participant's Options. Notwithstanding any Option transfer pursuant to this Paragraph 13.3(b), the Participant shall remain subject to and liable for any employment-related taxes in connection with the exercise of such Option. [As amended 1/30/97.] 13.4 Non-Exclusivity of the Plan. Nothing contained in the Plan is intended to modify or rescind any previously approved compensation plans or programs of the Company or create any limitations on the power or authority of the Board to adopt such additional or other compensation arrangements as the Board may deem necessary or desirable. 14. Securities Law and Other Restrictions. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or any agreements entered into pursuant to the Plan, the Company will not be required to issue any shares of Common Stock under this Plan, and a Participant may not sell, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to Incentive Awards granted under the Plan, unless (a) there is in effect with respect to such shares a registration statement under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws or an exemption from such registration under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws, and (b) there has been obtained any other consent, approval or permit from any other regulatory body which the Committee, in its sole discretion, deems necessary or advisable. The Company may condition such issuance, sale or transfer upon the receipt of any representations or agreements from the parties involved, and the placement of any legends on certificates representing shares of Common Stock, as may be deemed necessary or advisable by the Company in order to comply with such securities law or other restrictions. 15. Plan Amendment, Modification and Termination. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan or any portion thereof at any time, and may amend the Plan from time to time in such respects as the Board may deem advisable in order that Incentive Awards under the Plan will conform to any change in applicable laws or regulations or in any other 14 respect the Board may deem to be in the best interests of the Company; provided, however, that no amendments to the Plan will be effective without approval of the stockholders of the Company if stockholder approval of the amendment is then required pursuant to Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act, Section 422 of the Code or the rules of the New York Stock Exchange. No termination, suspension or amendment of the Plan may adversely affect any outstanding Incentive Award without the consent of the affected Participant; provided, however, that this sentence will not impair the right of the Committee to take whatever action it deems appropriate under Section 4.3 and Section 12.4 of the Plan. 16. Effective Date and Duration of the Plan. The Plan is effective as of February 3, 1993, the date it was adopted by the Board. The Plan will terminate at midnight on February 3, 1999, and may be terminated prior thereto by Board action, and no Incentive Award will be granted after such termination. Incentive Awards outstanding upon termination of the Plan may continue to vest, or become free of restrictions, in accordance with their terms. 17. Miscellaneous. 17.1 Governing Law. The validity, construction, interpretation, administration and effect of the Plan and any rules, regulations and actions relating to the Plan will be governed by and construed exclusively in accordance with the laws of the State of Minnesota. 17.2 Successors and Assigns. The Plan will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the Participants. 15 EX-10.11 7 EXHIBIT 10.11 Exhibit 10.11 Description of the Ceridian Corporation Annual Executive Incentive Plan The Company's Annual Executive Incentive Plan provides yearly cash bonuses to Company executives, although the Board's Compensation and Human Resources Committee (the "Committee") may, in its discretion, permit individuals to elect to receive part or all of their annual bonus in the form of stock options rather than cash. The annual determination of an individual executive's target bonus, expressed as a percentage of base salary, is based on a subjective assessment by the Committee of the responsibilities of the position, competitive practice and the Committee's desire to give greater weight to performance-based compensation at higher levels of responsibility within the Company. For 1996, target bonus percentages for executive officers generally ranged from 35% to 65% of base salary, with the maximum possible bonus one and one-half times the target amount and the threshold bonus one-half of the target amount. Of the total potential annual bonus, 80% (100% in Mr. Perlman's case) consisted of an earnings component which, for staff officers, meant that the Company must achieve specified levels of earnings per share ("EPS") during 1996. For executive officers assigned to operating units, one-fourth of the earnings component consisted of the same Company EPS requirement and the balance consisted of a requirement that the operating unit achieve specified levels of pre-tax earnings. Payments of the earnings component of the annual bonus could be made at, above or below the target percentages depending on whether the financial performance of the Company (and, if applicable, the business unit to which the executive is assigned) met, exceeded or fell short of the applicable budgeted earnings, but no bonus would be payable if the applicable earnings threshold amount were not achieved. The Committee retains discretion to exclude the financial impact of unusual or extraordinary events from the calculation of the earnings component of annual bonuses. The remaining 20% portion of the annual bonus for executive officers other than Mr. Perlman was based on the Committee's subjective assessment of the executive officer's individual performance in the areas of quality improvement and fostering work force diversity, except that in the case of Computing Devices International, half of this portion of the bonus was based on the level of orders achieved. For 1996, payment under the annual incentive program ranged from below target to superior for the executive officers, resulting in bonus payments for executive officers ranging between 8% and 97.5% of base salary. For 1996 only, Mr. James' employment agreement guaranteed payment of a bonus at his target bonus percentage. The Committee also retains discretion to adjust an officer's annual incentive bonus if, in its judgment, such an action is warranted in individual circumstances. EX-10.15 8 EXHIBIT 10.15 EXHIBIT 10.15 CERIDIAN CORPORATION DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN First Declaration of Amendment Pursuant to the retained power of amendment contained in Section 6.2 of the Ceridian Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan, the undersigned hereby amends the Plan in the following manner: 1. A new Section 9.5 is added thereto which reads as follows: "9.5 Special Provisions. Special provisions of the Plan applicable only to certain Participants may be set forth on an exhibit to the Plan adopted in the same manner as an amendment to the Plan. In the event of a conflict between the terms of the exhibit and the terms of the Plan, the exhibit controls. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the exhibit, the generally applicable terms of the Plan control all matters not covered by the exhibit." 2. The Plan is amended by adding a new Exhibit A in the form attached hereto. The foregoing amendments are effective as of the date of this instrument. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has caused this instrument to be executed by its duly authorized officers this 6th day of November 1996. CERIDIAN CORPORATION Attest: /s/John A. Haveman By: /s/Michael E. Kotten Secretary Vice President EXHIBIT A Special Rules Applicable to Certain Former Participants in the Comdata Holdings Corporation Unfunded Deferred Compensation Plan This exhibit sets forth special rules applicable to Participants whose account balances under the Comdata Holdings Corporation Unfunded Deferred Compensation Plan (the "Comdata Plan") were transferred to the Plan effective as of the close of business on December 31, 1996. For purposes of this exhibit, such a Participant is referred to as a "Comdata Participant." 1. Account. Effective as of January 1, 1997, the Account of each Comdata Participant will be credited with an amount equal to the balance of his or her account under the Comdata Plan as of the close of business on December 31, 1996. 2. Distribution to Comdata Participant. Distribution of the Account referenced in item 1 of this exhibit will be made as soon as administratively practicable after the earlier of the Comdata Participant's (a) termination of employment with the Company and all Affiliated Organizations and (b) attainment of age 65. Distribution will be made in the form of a lump sum payment; provided, that for any Participant listed on Schedule A, distribution will be made in the form set forth with respect to the Participant on Schedule A. 3. Beneficiary Designations. At all times after December 31, 1996, any beneficiary designation made pursuant to the Comdata Plan will be null and void. SCHEDULE A Name Form of Distribution Bramlet, Jan Monthly Installments Over a Three-Year Period McTavish, George Monthly Installments Over a Three-Year Period Krow, Gary Monthly Installments Over a Three-Year Period EX-10.16 9 EXHIBIT 10.16 EXHIBIT 10.16 INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT This Agreement, made and entered into this day of , 19 , ("Agreement"), by and between Ceridian Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("Company"), and ("Indemnitee"): WHEREAS, highly competent persons may be reluctant to serve publicly-held corporations as directors or in other capacities unless they are provided with adequate protection through insurance or adequate indemnification against risks of claims and actions against them arising out of their service to and activities on behalf of such corporations; and WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company has determined that difficulties in attracting and retaining such persons are detrimental to the best interests of the Company's stockholders and that the Company should act to assure such persons that there will be increased certainty of such protection in the future; and WHEREAS, it is reasonable, prudent and necessary for the Company contractually to obligate itself to indemnify such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law so that they will serve or continue to serve the Company free from undue concern that they will not be so indemnified; and WHEREAS, Indemnitee is willing to serve, continue to serve and to take on additional service for or on behalf of the Company on the condition that Indemnitee be so indemnified; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the covenants contained herein, the Company and Indemnitee do hereby covenant and agree as follows: ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS For purposes of this Agreement the following terms shall have the meaning given here: 1.01 "Board" shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company. 1.02 "Change of Control" shall mean any of the following events: (a) Unless approved by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of those members of the Board who are in office immediately prior to the event(s) and who are not employees of the Company: (l) the merger or consolidation of the Company with, or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to, any person or entity or group of associated persons or entities; or (2) the direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the aggregate of securities of the Company representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the total combined voting power of the Company's then issued and outstanding securities by any person or entity, or group of associated persons or entities acting in concert, not affiliated (within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933) with the Company as of the date of this Agreement; or (3) the stockholders of the Company approve any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company. (b) A change in the composition of the Board at any time during any consecutive twenty-four (24) month period such that the "Continuity Directors" cease for any reason to constitute at least a seventy percent (70%) majority of the Board. For purposes of this clause (b), "Continuity Directors" means those members of the Board who either: (1) were directors at the beginning of such consecutive twenty-four (24) month period; or (2) were elected by, or on the nomination or recommendation of, at least a two-thirds (2/3) majority (consisting of at least eight directors) of the then-existing Board. 1.03 "Corporate Status" describes the status of a person who is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise which such person is or was serving at the express written request of the Company. 1.04 "Disinterested Director" means a director of the Company who is not and was not a party to the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought by Indemnitee. 1.05 "Effective Date" means , 19 . 2 1.06 "Enterprise" shall mean the Company and any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee is or was serving at the express written request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary. 1.07 "Expenses" shall include all reasonable attorneys' fees, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other disbursements or expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, or being or preparing to be a witness in a Proceeding. 1.08 "Good Faith" shall mean Indemnitee having acted in good faith and in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, having had no reasonable cause to believe Indemnitee's conduct was unlawful. 1.09 "Independent Counsel" means a law firm, or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither presently is, nor in the past five years has been, retained to represent: (i) the Company or Indemnitee in any matter material to either such party, or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term "Independent Counsel" shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitee's rights under this Agreement. 1.10 "Proceeding" includes any action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution mechanism. investigation, administrative hearing or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, other than one initiated by Indemnitee. For purposes of the foregoing sentence, a "Proceeding" shall not be deemed to have been initiated by Indemnitee where Indemnitee seeks pursuant to Article VIII of this Agreement to enforce Indemnitee's rights under this Agreement. ARTICLE II TERM OF AGREEMENT This Agreement shall continue until and terminate upon the later of: (i) 10 years after the date that Indemnitee shall have ceased to serve as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise which Indemnitee served at the express written request of the Company; or (ii) the final termination of all pending Proceedings in respect of which Indemnitee is granted rights of 3 indemnification or advancement of expenses hereunder and of any proceeding commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Article VIII of this Agreement relating thereto. ARTICLE III SERVICES BY INDEMNITEE, NOTICE OF PROCEEDINGS 3.01 Services. Indemnitee agrees to serve as a director. Indemnitee may at any time and for any reason resign from such position (subject to any other contractual obligation or any obligation imposed by operation of law). 3.02 Notice of Proceeding. Indemnitee agrees promptly to notify the Company in writing upon being served with any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, information or other document relating to any Proceeding or matter which may be subject to indemnification or advancement of Expenses covered hereunder. ARTICLE IV INDEMNIFICATION 4.01 In General. In connection with any Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify, and advance Expenses, to Indemnitee as provided in this Agreement and to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law in effect on the date hereof and to such greater extent as applicable law may thereafter from time to time permit. 4.02 Proceedings Other Than Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company. Indemnitee shall be entitled to the rights of indemnification provided in this Section 4.02 if, by reason of Indemnitee's Corporate Status. Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to any Proceeding, other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company. Indemnitee shall be indemnified against Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee's behalf in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if Indemnitee acted in Good Faith. 4.03 Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company. Indemnitee shall be entitled to the rights of indemnification provided in this Section 4.03 if, by reason of Indemnitee's Corporate Status, Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to any Proceeding brought by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor. Indemnitee shall be indemnified against Expenses, judgments, penalties, and amounts paid in settlement, actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee's behalf in connection with such Proceeding if Indemnitee acted in Good Faith. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no such indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter in such Proceeding as to which Indemnitee shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Company H applicable law prohibits such indemnification; provided, however, that, if applicable law so permits, indemnification shall nevertheless be made by the Company in such event if and only to 4 the extent that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or the court in which such Proceeding shall have been brought or is pending, shall determine. 4.04 Indemnification of a Party Who is Wholly or Partly Successful. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of Indemnitee's Corporate Status, a party to and is successful, on the merits otherwise, in any Proceeding, Indemnitee shall be indemnified to the maximum extent permitted by law, against all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines, and amounts paid in settlement, actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee's behalf in connection therewith. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, as to one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee to the maximum extent permitted by law, against all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines, and amounts paid in settlement, actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee's behalf in connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter. For purposes of this Section 4.04 and without limitation, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter, so long as there has been no finding (either adjudicated or pursuant to Article VI) that Indemnitee did not act in Good Faith. 4.05 Indemnification for Expenses of a Witness. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of Indemnitee's Corporate Status, a witness in any Proceeding. Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee's behalf in connection therewith. ARTICLE V ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in Article VI, the Company shall advance all reasonable Expenses which, by reason of Indemnitee's Corporate Status, were incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding, within twenty days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements from Indemnitee requesting such advance or advances, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee and shall include or be preceded or accompanied by an undertaking by or on behalf of Indemnitee to repay any Expenses if it shall ultimately be determined that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified against such Expenses. Any advance and undertakings to repay pursuant to this Article V shall be unsecured and interest free. 5 ARTICLE VI PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINATION OF ENTITLEMENT TO INDEMNIFICATION 6.01 Initial request. To obtain indemnification under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to the Company a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification. The Secretary of the Company shall promptly advise the Board in writing that Indemnitee has requested indemnification. 6.02 Method of Determination. A determination (if required by applicable law) with respect to Indemnitee's entitlement to indemnification shall be made as follows: (a) if a Change in Control has occurred, unless Indemnitee shall request in writing that such determination be made in accordance with clause (b) of this Section 6.02, the determination shall be made by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee; (b) if a Change of Control has not occurred, and subject to Section 6.05, the determination shall be made by the Board by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of Disinterested Directors. In the event that a quorum of the Board consisting of Disinterested Directors is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, such quorum of Disinterested Directors so directs, the determination shall be made by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee. 6.03 Selection, Payment, Discharge, of Independent Counsel. In the event the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 6.02 of this Agreement, the Independent Counsel shall be selected, paid, and discharged in the following manner: (a) If a Change of Control has not occurred, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board, and the Company shall give written notice to Indemnitee advising Indemnitee of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected. (b) If a Change of Control has occurred, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by Indemnitee (unless Indemnitee shall request that such selection be made by the Board, in which event clause (a) of this section shall apply), and Indemnitee shall give written notice to the 6 Company advising it of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected. (c) Following the initial selection described in clauses (a) and (b) of this Section 6.03, Indemnitee or the Company, as the case may be, may, within 7 days after such written notice of selection has been given, deliver to the other party a written objection to such selection. Such objection may be asserted only on the ground that the Independent Counsel so selected does not meet the requirements of independent Counsel as defined in Section 1.09 of this Agreement, and the objection shall set forth with particularity the factual basis of such assertion. Absent a proper and timely objection, the person so selected shall act as Independent Counsel. If such written objection is made, the Independent Counsel so selected may not serve as Independent Counsel unless and until a court has determined that such objection is without merit. (d) Either the Company or Indemnitee may petition the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or other court of competent jurisdiction if the parties have been unable to agree on the selection of Independent Counsel within 20 days after submission by Indemnitee of a written request for indemnification pursuant to Section 6.01 of this Agreement. Such petition may request a determination whether an objection to the party's selection is without merit and/or seek the appointment as Independent Counsel of a person selected by the Court or by such other person as the Court shall designate. A person so appointed shall act as Independent Counsel under Section 6.02 of this Agreement. (e) The Company shall pay any and all reasonable fees and expenses of Independent Counsel incurred by such Independent Counsel in connection with acting pursuant to this Agreement, and the Company shall pay all reasonable fees and expenses incident to the procedures of this Section 6.03, regardless of the manner in which such Independent Counsel was selected or appointed. (f) Upon the due commencement of any judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 8.01 (C) of this Agreement. Independent Counsel shall be discharged and relieved of any further responsibility in such capacity (subject to the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing). 7 6.04 Cooperation. Indemnitee shall cooperate with the person, persons or entity making the determination with respect to Indemnitee's entitlement to indemnification under this Agreement, including providing to such person, persons or entity upon reasonable advance request any documentation or information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary to such determination. Any Costs or expenses (including attorneys' fees and disbursements) incurred by Indemnitee in so cooperating with the person, persons or entity making such determination shall be borne by the company (irrespective of the determination as to Indemnitee's entitlement to indemnification) and the Company hereby indemnifies and agrees to hold Indemnitee harmless therefrom. 6.05 Payment. If it is determined that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, payment to Indemnitee shall be made within ten (10) days after such determination. ARTICLE VII PRESUMPTIONS AND EFFECT OF CERTAIN PROCEEDINGS 7.01 Burden of Proof. In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person or persons or entity making such determination shall presume that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement if Indemnitee has submitted a request for indemnification in accordance with Section 6.01 of this Agreement, and the Company shall have the burden of proof to overcome that presumption in connection with the making by any person, persons or entity of any determination contrary to that presumption. 7.02 Effect of Other Proceedings. The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement) of itself adversely affect the right of Indemnitee to indemnification or create a presumption that Indemnitee did not act in Good Faith. 7.03 Reliance as Safe Harbor. For purposes of any determination of Good Faith, Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in Good Faith if Indemnitee's action is based on the records or books of account of the Enterprise, including financial statements, or on information supplied to Indemnitee by the officers of the Enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Enterprise. The provisions of this Section 7.03 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the other circumstances in which the Indemnitee may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Agreement. 8 7.04 Actions of Others. The knowledge and/or actions, or failure to act, of any director, officer, agent or employee of the Enterprise shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for Purposes of determining the right to indemnification under this Agreement. ARTICLE VIII REMEDIES OF INDEMNITEE 8.01 Application. This Article VIII shall apply in the event of a Dispute. For purposes of this Article, "Dispute", shall mean any of the following events: (a) a determination is made pursuant to Article VI of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement; (b) advancement of Expenses is not timely made pursuant to Article V of this Agreement; (c) the determination of entitlement to be made pursuant to Section 6.02 of this Agreement has not been made within 90 days after receipt by the Company of the request for indemnification; (d) payment of indemnification is not made pursuant to Section 4.05 of this Agreement within ten (10) days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor; or (e) payment of indemnification is not made within ten (10) days after a determination has been made that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification or such determination is deemed to have been made pursuant to Article VI of this Agreement. 8.02 Adjudication. In the event of a Dispute, Indemnitee shall be entitled to an adjudication in an appropriate court of the State of Delaware, or in any other court of competent jurisdiction, of Indemnitee's entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of Expenses. Alternatively, Indemnitee, at Indemnitee's option, may seek an award in arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the rules of the American Arbitration Association. Indemnitee shall commence such proceeding seeking an adjudication or an award in arbitration within 180 days following the date on which Indemnitee first has the right to commence such proceeding pursuant to this Section 8.02. The Company shall not oppose Indemnitee's right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration. 8.03 De Novo Review. In the event that a determination shall have been made pursuant to Article VI of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification, any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Article VIII 9 shall be conducted in all respects as a de novo trial, or arbitration, on the merits and Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by reason of that adverse determination. In any such proceeding or arbitration, the Company shall have the burden of proving that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification or advancement of Expenses, as the case may be. 8.04 Company Bound. If a determination shall have been made or deemed to have been made pursuant to Article VI of this Agreement that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding or arbitration absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee's statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law. 8.05 Procedures Valid. The Company shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Article VIII that the procedures and presumptions of this Agreement are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement. 8.06 Expenses of Adjudication. In the event that Indemnitee, pursuant to this Article VIII, seeks a judicial adjudication of or an award in arbitration to enforce Indemnitee's rights under, or to recover damages for breach of this Agreement, Indemnitee shall be entitled to recover from the Company, and shall be indemnified by the Company against, any and all expenses (of the types described in the definition of Expenses in Section 1.07 of this Agreement) actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee in such adjudication or arbitration, but only if Indemnitee prevails therein. If it shall be determined in such adjudication or arbitration that Indemnitee is entitled to receive part but not all of the indemnification or advancement of expenses sought, the expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with such adjudication or arbitration shall be appropriately prorated. ARTICLE IX NON-EXCLUSIVITY, INSURANCE, SUBROGATION 9.01 Non-Exclusivity. The rights of indemnification and to receive advancement of Expenses as provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, the By-Laws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders or a resolution of directors, or otherwise. No amendment, alteration, rescission or replacement of this Agreement or any provision hereof shall be effective as to Indemnitee with respect to any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee in Indemnitee's Corporate Status prior to such amendment, alteration, rescission or replacement. 10 9.02 Insurance. The Company may maintain an insurance policy or policies against liability arising out of this Agreement or otherwise. 9.03 Subrogation. In the event of any payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights, including execution of such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights. 9.04 No Duplicative Payment. The Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment of amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder if and to the extent that Indemnitee has otherwise actually received such payment under any insurance policy, contract, agreement or otherwise. ARTICLE X GENERAL PROVISIONS 10.01 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon the Company and its successors and assigns and shall inure to the benefit of Indemnitee and Indemnitee's heirs, executors and administrators. 10.02 Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including without limitation, each portion of any Section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and (b) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any Section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable. 10.03 No Adequate Remedy. The parties declare that it is impossible to measure in money the damages which will accrue to either party by reason of a failure to perform any of the obligations under this Agreement. Therefore, if either party shall institute any action or proceeding to enforce the provisions hereof, such party against whom such action or proceeding is brought hereby waives the claim or defense that such party has an adequate remedy at law, and such party shall 11 not urge in any such action or proceeding the claim or defense that the other party has an adequate remedy at law. 10.04 Identical Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement. 10.05 Headings. The headings of the paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof. 10.06 Modification and Waiver. No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both of the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions thereof (whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver. 10.07 Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if (i) delivered by hand and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed, or (ii) mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date on which it is so mailed: If to Indemnitee, to: As shown with Indemnitee's Signature below. If to the Company to: Ceridian Corporation 8100 34th Avenue South Minneapolis, MN 55425 Attn: Office of the General Counsel or to such other address as may have been furnished to Indemnitee by the Company or to the Company by Indemnitee, as the case may be. 10.08 Governing Law. The parties agree that this Agreement shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the state of Delaware without application of the conflict of laws principles thereof. 10.09 Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto in reference to all the matters herein agreed upon. This Agreement replaces in full all prior indemnification agreements or understandings of the parties hereto, and any all such prior agreements or understandings are hereby rescinded by mutual agreement. 12 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement on the day and year first above written. ATTEST: CERIDIAN CORPORATION By: By: John A. Haveman Its: Vice President and Secretary [NAME] Address: 13 EX-10.17 10 EXHIBIT 10.17 EXHIBIT 10.17 CERIDIAN CORPORATION PERFORMANCE RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan This Agreement is entered into by Ceridian Corporation (the "Company") and (the "Participant") as of , 1994 (the "Date of Grant") to evidence the making of a Restricted Stock Award pursuant to the Company's 1993 Long- Term Incentive Plan (the "Plan"). Any capitalized term used herein which is defined in the Plan shall have the same meaning as set forth therein. 1. Effective as of the Date of Grant, the Company has granted to the Participant shares of the Company's Common Stock (the "Awarded Shares"), subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and all the provisions of the Plan. 2. Awarded Shares may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or otherwise used as collateral by the Participant unless and until, and then only to the extent that, restrictions on transferability shall have lapsed in accordance with the Plan and this Agreement. In this Agreement, the lapsing of such transferability restrictions is referred to as "vesting,"and Awarded Shares that are no longer subject to such transferability restrictions are referred to as "vested." 3. Ownership of Awarded Shares which are not yet vested shall not be evidenced by a stock certificate, but rather shall be evidenced by an entry in a certificateless book-entry stock account maintained by the Company's transfer agent for its Common Stock (the "Transfer Agent"). To facilitate the transfer to the Company of any Awarded Shares that are forfeited by the Participant in accordance with the terms of the Plan and this Award Agreement, the Participant agrees to sign and promptly return to the Company such stock power(s) as the Company may request. Upon written notification by the Company to the Transfer Agent of the vesting of all or a portion of the Awarded Shares, a stock certificate evidencing such unrestricted shares shall be issued in the name of the Participant and delivered to the Participant. 4. Except as otherwise expressly provided in Sections 5 and 6 hereof, vesting of Awarded Shares will occur only during the period of the Participant's employment with the Company or its Subsidiaries, and at the times and to the extent specified in this Section 4. (a) For purposes of this Section 4, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated: (1) "Ending Price" means, with respect to any S&P 500 Company (including the Company) for any Measurement Period, the average daily last reported sales price of a share of such company's common stock as reported in the Wall Street Journal during the last calendar month of such Measurement Period. 1 (2) "Fair Market Value" (i) with respect to the Company has the same meaning as specified in Section 2.10 of the Plan, and (ii) with respect to any other S&P 500 Company means the last reported sales price of a share of such company's common stock on the date in question as reported in the Wall Street Journal. (3) "Measurement Period" means one of the following periods of time: May 1, 1994 through April 30, 1996 ("First Measurement Period") May 1, 1994 through April 30, 1997 ("Second Measurement Period") May 1, 1994 through April 30, 1998 ("Third Measurement Period") (4) "S&P 500 Companies" means the companies comprising the Standard & Poors' 500 Stock Index as it existed on May 1, 1994. (5) "Starting Price" means, with respect to any S&P 500 Company (including the Company), the average daily last reported sales price of a share of such company's common stock as reported in the Wall Street Journal during the month of April, 1994. For the Company, the Starting Price is $23.18 per share of Common Stock. (6) "TRS" means, with respect to the Company or any other S&P 500 Company, the total return to a holder of the common stock of such company during an applicable Measurement Period as a result of his or her ownership of such common stock during such Measurement Period, such total return (i) to be expressed as a percentage of an assumed initial investment in such common stock on May 1, 1994 and (ii) to include both the appreciation in the per share price of such common stock during such Measurement Period and the per share fair market value of all dividends and distributions paid or distributed by such company with respect to such common stock during such Measurement Period, assuming that all such dividends and distributions are reinvested in shares of such common stock at their Fair Market Value on the last trading day of the month in which the dividend or distribution is paid or distributed. For purposes of calculating TRS for the Company or any other S&P 500 Company, the assumed initial investment in such company's common stock on May 1, 1994 shall be at the applicable Starting Price, and the value of a share of such company's common stock at the end of a Measurement Period shall be the applicable Ending Price. (b) The number of Awarded Shares that will vest at the end of each of the First and Second Measurement Periods shall be determined in accordance with the following formula: Vesting Percentage x Awarded Shares 3 where the "Vesting Percentage" for the applicable Measurement Period is determined in accordance with paragraph 4(d) below. (c) The number of Awarded Shares that will vest at the end of the Third Measurement Period shall be the greater of the two numbers determined by utilizing the following two formulas: 2 (1) (Vesting Percentage x Awarded Shares) - Previously Vested Shares (2) Vesting Percentage x Awarded Shares 3 where the "Vesting Percentage" for the Third Measurement Period is determined in accordance with paragraph 4(d) below and "Previously Vested Shares" is the total number of Awarded Shares that vested as of the end of the First and Second Measurement Periods in accordance with paragraph 4(b). Any Awarded Shares that have not vested as of the end of the Third Measurement Period shall be forfeited to the Company. (d) For purposes of the formulas specified in paragraphs 4(b) and 4(c), the "Vesting Percentage" for any Measurement Period shall be that percentage, specified in the table below or calculated pursuant to the applicable formula which follows the table, which corresponds to the Company's percentile rank for TRS among S&P 500 Companies during the applicable Measurement Period: Company's TRS Ranking Among S&P 500 Companies Vesting Percentage Less than 60th percentile 0% 60th percentile 25% 75th percentile 50% 90th percentile and above 100% If the Company's percentile rank, rounded to the nearest whole percentile, falls between the 60th and 75th percentile, then the Vesting Percentage will be equal to: 25% + 1.67 x (actual percentile rank - 60%). If the Company's percentile rank, rounded to the nearest whole percentile, falls between the 75th and 90th percentile, then the Vesting Percentage will be equal to: 50% + 3.33 x (actual percentile rank - 75%). (e) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) through (d) of this Section 4, no Awarded Shares will vest at the end of any Measurement Period if the Ending Price of the Common Stock with respect to such Measurement Period is less than the Starting Price of the Common Stock. (f) For purposes of this Section 4, if there is any change in the corporate structure or shares of the Company of the types described in Section 4.4 of the Plan, then the Starting Price of the Common Stock shall be appropriately adjusted in the manner specifed in Section 4.4 of the Plan. 3 5. If the Participant's employment with the Company and all Subsidiaries terminates for any reason, the Participant shall immediately forfeit any Awarded Shares that have not yet vested as of the employment termination date. 6. Notwithstanding Section 5 hereof, if Awarded Shares have been outstanding at least six months since the Date of Grant, then restrictions on the transferability of such Awarded Shares shall lapse in accordance with any and all applicable terms of the Plan regarding a Change of Control of the Company as described in Section 12 of the Plan as and if such Section exists on the date of such Change of Control. 7. Any dividends or distributions (including regular, periodic cash dividends) paid with respect to Awarded Shares that have not yet vested will be subject to the same restrictions on transferability and the possibility of forfeiture to the Company as the Awarded Shares to which the dividends or distributions relate. To facilitate the enforcement of this provision, any such dividends or distributions paid with respect to unvested Awarded Shares shall be held by the Company or its agent designated for the purpose until such time as the Awarded Shares to which the dividends or distributions relate vest or are forfeited. If such Shares vest, the dividends or distributions with respect thereto shall be paid or transferred to the Participant at the time the certificate representing such Shares is provided to the Participant. If such Shares are forfeited, all of the Participant's right, title and interest in and to such dividends and distributions shall automatically be transferred to the Company, and the Participant agrees to execute any documents evidencing such transfer as may be requested by the Company, either at the time of such transfer or in anticipation of such transfer becoming necessary. 8. Nothing in the Plan or this Agreement shall confer upon the Participant any right with respect to continuance of employment by the Company or any Subsidiary, nor interfere in any way with the right of the Company or a Subsidiary to terminate the Participant's employment at any time. 9. This Restricted Stock Award is subject to all the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Agreement and, if there is any conflict between this Agreement and the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control. 4 In Witness Whereof, Ceridian Corporation and the Participant have executed this Agreement as of the Date of Grant. CERIDIAN CORPORATION PARTICIPANT By Secretary (Participant's Signature) Participant's Mailing Address 5 EX-11 11 EXHIBIT 11 Exhibit 11 CERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES STATEMENT RE COMPUTATION OF PER SHARE EARNINGS (Amounts in thousands, except per share data) Year Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 Net earnings $ $ $ 181,865 58,562 97,689 Dividends on Ceridian preferred stock (12,980) (12,980) (12,980) Net earnings for common stock - primary 168,885 45,582 84,708 Extraordinary loss - 38,947 - Earnings before extraordinary item - primary 168,885 84,528 84,708 Dividends on Ceridian preferred stock 12,980 12,980 12,980 Earnings before extraordinary item - fully diluted $ 181,865 $ 97,508 $ 97,689 Weighted average common shares outstanding 67,920 66,135 65,825 Common share equivalents - stock options 2,665 3,217 1,801 Weighted average common shares and equivalents outstanding - primary 70,585 69,352 67,626 Shares issuable assuming conversion of Ceridian preferred stock 10,384 10,384 10,384 Weighted average common shares and equivalents outstanding - full dilution 80,969 79,736 78,010 Primary earnings per share before extraordinary item $ 2.39 $ 1.22 $ 1.25 Extraordinary loss 0.00 (0.56) 0.00 Net earnings $ 2.39 $ 0.66 $ 1.25 Fully diluted earnings per share before extraordinary item (1) $ 2.25 $ 1.22 $ 1.25 Net earnings (1) $ 2.25 $ 0.73 $ 1.25 (1) The calculation of fully diluted earnings (loss) per share appearing above is submitted in accordance with Regulation S-X item 601(b)(11). These amounts are not permitted to be reported under generally accepted accounting principles (APBO No. 15) if they are the same or better than (antidilutive to) the primary earnings (loss) per share amounts.
EX-12 12 EXHIBIT 12 Exhibit 12 COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED DIVIDENDS Year Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 Earnings (Loss) before income taxes and other items (1) $196.2 $116.2 $115.2 $(239.7) $(344.3) Earnings (Loss) of majority owned affiliates - not consolidated - - - - (0.6) Total earnings (loss) before income taxes and other items 196.2 116.2 115.2 (239.7) (343.7) Add: Interest 10.6 30.6 32.2 46.8 54.8 Interest portion of rentals (2) 13.9 14.0 14.0 14.6 19.0 Adjusted earnings (loss) before income taxes and other items $220.7 $160.8 $161.4 $(178.3) $(269.9) Dividends on preferred stock: Preferred dividend requirements $13.0 $23.8 $26.0 $12.9 $1.7 Pre-tax to net income ratio (3) 93% 84% 85% 100% 100% Preferred dividend factor on a pre-tax basis 14.0 28.3 30.6 12.9 1.7 Interest 10.6 30.6 32.2 46.8 54.8 Interest portion of rentals 13.9 14.0 14.0 14.6 19.0 Fixed charges and preferred dividends $38.5 $73.0 $76.8 $74.3 $75.5 Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred 5.73 2.20 2.10 dividends Earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred dividends $252.6 $345.4 deficiency (1) Results include discontinued operations and are restated for the poolings of Comdata and Resumix in 1995. (2) Assumed to be one-third of rental expense. (3) Represents the reciprocal of the ratio of the income tax provision to earnings before income taxes. A tax gross-up would not have a material effect prior to 1994.
EX-13 13 EXHIBIT 13 Exhibit 13 Selected Five-Year Data (Dollars in millions, except per share data) 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 Revenue $1,495.6 $1,333.0 $1,177.8 $1,109.8 $1,031.1 Earnings (Loss) from continuing operations (1) $ 181.9 $ 97.5 $ 97.7 $ (243.7) $ (30.3) Loss from discontinued operations (2) - - - _ (321.6) Extraordinary loss (3) - (38.9) - (8.4) (20.5) Cumulative effect of accounting change (FAS 106) (4) - - - _ (41.8) Net Earnings (Loss) Earnings Per Common Share $ 181.9 $ 58.6 $ 97.7 $ (252.1) $ (414.2) Primary Continuing operations $ 2.39 $ 1.22 $ 1.25 $ (3.79) $ (0.48) Net earnings (loss) $ 2.39 $ 0.66 $ 1.25 $ (3.92) $ (6.48) Fully diluted Continuing operations $ 2.25 $ 1.22 $ 1.25 $ (3.79) $ (0.48) Net earnings (loss) $ 2.25 $ 0.66 $ 1.25 $ (3.92) $ (6.48) Shares used in calculations (in thousands) Primary 70,585 69,352 67,626 64,452 63,939 Fully diluted 80,969 79,736 78,010 64,452 63,939 Balance Sheet Data Total assets $1,251.1 $1,126.1 $ 977.5 $ 850.8 $ 989.9 Debt obligations $ 144.1 $ 209.9 $ 238.4 $ 250.7 $ 415.0 Stockholders' equity (deficit) (5) $ 346.3 $ 150.0 $ 86.9 $ (8.9) $ (3.7) Equity (Deficit) Per Common Share (6) $ 4.34 $ (1.28) $ (2.23) $ (3.74) $ (0.06) Common shares outstanding at end of year (in thousands) 79,768 67,277 66,723 65,503 64,125 Number of Employees at End of Year 10,800 10,200 9,500 9,600 10,500 Prior year amounts have been restated for the 1995 acquisitions of Resumix and Comdata by Ceridian as further described in Note J. (1) Includes pooling expenses of $29.7 in 1995, restructuring losses of $67.0 in 1993 and $76.2 in 1992 and the write-off of $230.3 of Comdata goodwill and other intangibles in 1993. (2) Relates to the disposition of Ceridian's automated wagering, energy management and computer products businesses. (3) Relates to the early retirement of debt. For additional information about the 1995 loss, see Notes B and I to the consolidated financial statements. (4) The Company adopted FAS No. 106, "Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions," in 1992. (5) The Company has not declared a cash dividend on common stock since 1985. For information regarding the 1996 conversion of preferred stock, see Note F to the consolidated financial statements. (6) Computed by reducing stockholders' equity by the liquidation value of outstanding preferred stock ($236.0 at December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993) and dividing by the number of outstanding common shares at the end of the year. Assuming that any outstanding convertible preferred stock was converted to common stock, the equity per common share would have been $1.93 and $1.13 at December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively. The statements regarding Ceridian Corporation contained in this Annual Report that are not historical in nature, particularly those that utilize terminology such as "expects," "anticipates," "believes" or "plans," are forward-looking statements based on current expectations and assumptions, and entail various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in such forward-looking statements. Important factors known to Ceridian that could cause such material differences in the "1997 Financial Outlook" section of Management's Discussion and Analysis on page 24 of this annual report to stockholders.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION Results of Operations For 1996, Ceridian Corporation ("Ceridian" or the "Company") reported net earnings of $181.9 million, or $2.25 per fully diluted share of common stock, on revenue of $1,495.6 million, compared to net earnings in 1995 of $58.6 million, or $0.66 per fully diluted share, on revenue of $1,333.0 million. Included in the 1995 results is a $38.9 million extraordinary loss, or $0.56 per fully diluted share, resulting from the refinancing of certain debt of Comdata following its acquisition by Ceridian in December 1995, $29.4 million of expenses associated with the acquisition of Comdata, and $9.5 million of Comdata balance sheet adjustments discussed below. For 1994, the Company reported net earnings of $97.7 million, or $1.25 per fully diluted share, on revenue of $1,177.8 million. The following table sets forth revenue for the last three years for the Company, its two industry segments, and the businesses that comprise those segments. Additional financial information regarding the Company's industry segments is contained in Note K, Segment Data, to the consolidated financial statements. Years ended December 31, (Dollars in millions) 1996 1995 1994 change change Information Services Segment Arbitron $ 153.1 11.6% $ 137.2 13.1% $ 121.3 Human Resources Group 490.3 19.0% 412.2 28.2% 321.5 Comdata 299.2 9.2% 274.1 12.7% 243.3 Other Services (1) - - - - 5.4 Total 942.6 14.5% 823.5 19.1% 691.5 Defense Electronics Segment Computing Devices International 553.0 8.5% 509.5 4.8% 486.3 Total Revenue $1,495.6 12.2% $1,333.0 13.2% $1,177.8 (1) Consists of revenue from TeleMoney Services and the Company's related network and computer center operations (collectively, "TeleMoney"), which were sold in May 1994.
The following table sets forth the percentage of total revenue by industry segment, the gross profit of each industry segment as a percentage of that segment's revenue, and certain items in the consolidated statements of operations as a percentage of total revenue, for the periods indicated. Years ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 Revenue: Information Services 63.0% 61.8% 58.7% Defense Electronics 37.0% 38.2% 41.3% Total Revenue 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Gross Profit: Information Services 51.5% 51.4% 51.1% Defense Electronics 22.6% 21.5% 19.5% Total Ceridian Gross Profit 40.8% 40.0% 38.0% Operating Expenses: Selling, General & Administrative 22.7% 23.2% 23.3% Research & Development 4.6% 4.1% 3.4% Other Expense (Income) 0.1% 2.5% (0.3%) Total Operating Expenses 27.5% 29.9% 26.4% Earnings Before Interest and Taxes 13.3% 10.1% 11.6% Interest Income (Expense) (0.2%) (1.4%) (1.8%) Earnings Before Income Taxes 13.1% 8.7% 9.8% Income Tax Provision 1.0% 1.4% 1.5% Net Earnings Before Extraordinary Item 12.2% 7.3% 8.3% Extraordinary Loss - 2.9% - Net Earnings 12.2% 4.4% 8.3%
1996 Compared with 1995 Revenue. In Information Services, about half of the revenue growth in the Human Resources Group ("HRG") was due to acquisitions made during 1996 and to a full year's revenue from the Centre-file business, which was purchased in October 1995. Adjusting for these acquisitions and a 1996 decrease in the average annual yield on tax filing deposits, HRG's revenue increased 9.8% from 1995 to 1996. Revenue growth computed on this basis from U.S. payroll processing and tax filing services was 8.5%, largely reflecting continuing demand for the Company's current generation payroll product and a higher percentage of payroll customers also purchasing tax filing services. Revenue growth from tax filing services was restrained somewhat by a decrease in the average annual yield on tax filing deposits from 5.95% in 1995 to 5.74% in 1996, although average invested tax filing balances increased 12.7%. Because of the significance and interest rate sensitivity of this investment income, the Company had in effect at December 31, 1996 interest rate collars aggregating $700 million in notional amount to reduce interest rate risk for these investments, as further described in Note M, Commitments and Contingencies, to the consolidated financial statements. Revenue increased substantially in Resumix, due in part to contracts to provide skills management software to the U.S. Department of Defense. Revenue growth adjusted for acquisitions in the other HRG businesses in the U.S. was 14.8% from 1995 to 1996, primarily reflecting revenue growth in the User Technology and Performance Partners businesses that was partially offset by decreased revenue in Tesseract. 18 Comdata's revenue increase from 1995 to 1996 reflected 11.1% revenue growth from transportation services and 7.4% revenue growth from gaming services. After adjusting for the third quarter 1996 acquisitions of TIC Financial Systems, Inc. ("TIC Financial") and Transportation Communication Consulting, Inc. ("Transcom"), which provide funds transfer, permitting and related services, and the net effect of the March 1995 acquisition of Trendar Corporation, which provides fuel purchase desk automation systems, Comdata's revenue from transportation services increased 6.6%. The internal revenue growth from transportation services included substantially increased sales of Trendar systems, a 7.5% increase in funds transfer transactions with little change in the average revenue per transaction, and increased sales of telecommunications services. Partially offsetting these factors was reduced revenue from permit services, primarily due to consolidation of permit requirements among states, resulting in fewer permits to be processed. Comdata expects that most of the impact of this consolidation has been experienced. Comdata's revenue growth from 1995 to 1996 in gaming services was primarily attributable to 161.2% growth in the number of ATM cash advance transactions, largely reflecting the expansion of Comdata's ATM network, the second quarter 1996 introduction of surcharges in connection with these ATM transactions, a third quarter 1996 price increase on credit card cash advance transactions, and an increase in the average size of such transactions. The increase in gaming services revenue occurred despite a decrease of 4.0% in the number of credit card cash advance transactions, and an increase during 1996 by a major credit card association in the merchant discount rate on credit card cash advances, which is netted against revenue. More generally, the slower revenue growth from gaming services during 1996 reflects slower growth in the gaming industry generally and increased use of sources of cash such as ATM machines for which fees are substantially lower than on credit card cash advances. These factors may continue to affect this business during 1997. Comdata's services for the trucking and gaming industries require it to process millions of transactions annually over its network. In 1996, approximately 57 million transactions were processed, the vast majority involving the transfer of approximately $10.3 billion of funds. In processing these transactions, Comdata depends to a significant degree on the accuracy of data supplied by its customers and the observance by third parties involved in the transactions of proper data entry procedures. In a very small portion of these transactions, final settlement may not occur, resulting in Comdata ostensibly receiving unapplied funds. Final settlement may fail to occur for a variey of reasons, including the failure of drafts to clear in the ordinary course of business, Comdata's inability to match customer remittances with specific transactions or to otherwise reconcile accounts and/or transactions, and the disproportionate cost of resolving relatively small dollar amount credit balances. It is Comdata's policy to take the amount of such unsettled transactions into revenue as earned for goods and services rendered if the transactions are not definitively settled within a period of twelve months through the assertion of valid claims or otherwise reconciled. It has been Comdata's experience that an insignificant number of claims for unsettled funds are asserted after such twelve month period. The amount of unsettled transactions included in Comdata's 1995 and 1996 revenue was $14.2 million and $16.8 million, respectively, with the increase primarily due to an increase in the volume of transactions processed. During the first quarter 1997, a representative of 48 states and the District of Columbia is expected to begin an examination of whether Comdata's treatment of these unsettled transactions complies with the unclaimed property laws of those jurisdictions. The extent of Comdata's potential liability, if any, to states under unclaimed property laws or to customers with respect to such unsettled transactions, or the impact of any future changes in Comdata's accounting policies with respect to such transactions, is not presently determinable. About $3.4 million of Arbitron's revenue increase from 1995 to 1996 was due to a change in the revenue recognition policy of the Scarborough Research Partnership ("SRP") related to a decision to transition from releasing research reports annually to semiannually. SRP's 1995 revenue was not restated to the new policy. After adjusting for the impact of this change, Arbitron's revenue increased 8.9%. Revenue from sales of radio audience measurement services and analytical software, which comprises about 82% of Arbitron's revenue, increased 7.6%, reflecting an increased number of stations subscribing for ratings services and purchasing analytical software applications, and price escalators in multi-year customer contracts. The increase in the number of stations that are Arbitron customers is due in part to consolidation in the radio broadcasting industry, as some stations have become Arbitron customers upon their acquisition by a larger broadcasting group. At the same time, however, industry consolidation could tend to put pressure on the pricing of Arbitron's radio ratings service. Also contributing to the revenue increase was increased sales of the Scarborough Report, particularly to radio, television and cable broadcasters. The revenue increase for Computing Devices from 1995 to 1996 was attributable to a 14.4% revenue increase in its international operations, which account for a majority of Computing Devices' total revenue. Revenue from Computing Devices' U.S. operations increased 1.0%. The 11.9% revenue increase in the Canadian operations was primarily due to its ground systems products, particularly a multi-year contract to develop and produce a light armored vehicle reconnaissance ("LAV Recce") system. Revenue from the Iris contract to provide a communications system to the Canadian Department of 19 National Defence also increased 5.0% from 1995 to 1996, reflecting add-ons to that contract awarded in 1996. The 30.4% increase in revenue from the United Kingdom operations was primarily due to a contract to provide ground systems for reconnaissance processing. Gross Margin. The Company's gross margin improvement from 1995 to 1996 was due largely to the relatively greater revenue growth in the Information Services segment, which has higher gross margins, and to the gross margin increase in Computing Devices, to which each of its geographic operations contributed. The increase in Computing Devices' U.S. operations was due primarily to revenue mix, with a greater portion of 1996 revenue attributable to completion of certain higher margin production contracts. The increase in the Canadian operations reflected the transition of the LAV Recce contract from the development to the production phase as well as an increased gross margin on the Iris contract. In the United Kingdom operations, the increase was due primarily to revenue mix. Overall gross margins in Computing Devices' international operations are, however, generally lower than in the U.S. operations, reflecting a greater proportion of revenue from contracts with a large subcontractor content, which tend to have lower gross margins. The gross margin for Information Services was little changed from 1995 to 1996, as an increase in HRG was essentially offset by decreases in Comdata and Arbitron. The gross margin increase in HRG was due principally to process improvements that led to a decrease in regulatory charges for certain penalties and interest absorbed by the STS tax filing operation. Comdata's increase in costs as a percentage of revenue was due largely to higher data processing costs, the previously mentioned increase in the merchant discount rate on certain credit card cash advances, an increase in agent commissions paid to gaming locations from 47.2% of gaming revenue in 1995 to 47.9% of such revenue in 1996, and greater revenue growth from lower margin products and services such as fuel desk automation systems and telecommunications services. The gross margin decrease in Arbitron reflected additional costs resulting from the change in SRP's revenue recognition policy, increased costs resulting from utilizing a larger sample size in providing radio audience measurements, and efforts required to transition SRP from annual to semiannual reporting. Operating Expenses. The most significant factor in the decrease in the Company's operating expenses as a percentage of revenue from 1995 to 1996 was the $29.4 million of other expenses associated with the 1995 acquisition of Comdata. Apart from this factor, operating expenses for the Company decreased from 27.7% of revenue in 1995 to 27.5% of 1996 revenue due to a $10.7 million decrease in expenses not attributed to either industry segment. This decrease included lower compensation expense during 1996 associated with the Company's performance restricted stock plan, reflecting the Company's more favorable stock price performance during 1995, lower than anticipated health and casualty insurance costs and prescribed accounting for pension costs. Partially offsetting the impact of this decrease was the relatively greater revenue growth in Information Services, which has higher operating expenses as a percentage of revenue than Computing Devices. Excluding the effect of the Comdata acquisition expenses, operating expenses increased as a percentage of revenue in both Computing Devices (from 14.8% to 15.2%) and in Information Services (from 34.7% to 35.0%) from 1995 to 1996. The decrease from 1995 to 1996 in the Company's selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue included a decrease in Information Services from 29.6% to 29.4% of revenue, an increase in Computing Devices from 11.4% to 11.8% of revenue, and the previously described expense reductions not attributed to either industry segment. The decrease in Information Services reflected a 1.7 percentage point decrease in selling expense as a percentage of revenue that was mostly offset by a percentage increase in general and administrative expenses. The decrease in selling expense as a percentage of revenue in Information Services was primarily attributable to HRG, due largely to a 1996 change in the timing of sales commission recognition. The increase in general and administrative expense as a percentage of revenue in Information Services was primarily attributable to acquisitions in HRG and Comdata made during late 1995 and 1996, the amortization of goodwill and intangibles associated with those acquisitions, and HRG's increased amortization of capitalized software (other than the CII payroll software being developed). The increase in Computing Devices' SG&A expenses as a percentage of revenue was attributable to increased selling expense, reflecting efforts to expand existing products and technologies into new markets. The increase from 1995 to 1996 in the Company's research and development expenses as a percentage of revenue reflected an increase from 4.6% to 5.6% of revenue in Information Services and a decrease from 3.2% to 3.0% of revenue in Computing Devices. The increase in Information Services was primarily attributable to HRG, reflecting development of upgrades and enhancements to existing payroll processing, tax filing and resume tracking software as well as expenditures related to a now discontinued effort by Tesseract to develop a client/server version of its proprietary human resource information management software. Apart from the previously mentioned $29.4 million in 1995 expenses related to the Comdata acquisition, other expense in 1995 and 1996 primarily consisted of Arbitron's partner's share of SRP's income and Computing Devices' share of the losses of a commercial satellite joint venture. Earnings Before Interest and Taxes. The Company's earnings before interest and taxes ("EBIT") increased $64.9 million, or 48.2%, from 1995 to 1996. Information Services' EBIT increased $46.9 million, from 13.2% 20 percent of revenue to 16.5% of revenue. Computing Devices' EBIT increased $7.3 million, from 6.6% to 7.4% of revenue. Also contributing to the Company's EBIT increase were the previously described expense reductions not attributed to either industry segment. Apart from the $29.4 million of Comdata acquisition expenses and accruals, the Company's EBIT would have increased $35.5 million, or 21.6%. Computed on that basis, the Company's EBIT as a percentage of revenue increased from 12.3% in 1995 to 13.3% in 1996, and Information Services' EBIT increased $17.5 million, but decreased from 16.8% of revenue to 16.5% of revenue. Operating margin improvement in Comdata and Arbitron was offset by an operating margin decrease in HRG. Interest Income and Expense. The $20.0 million decrease in interest expense from 1995 to 1996 reflected lower levels of debt and lower interest rates, primarily as a result of the December 1995 refinancing of Comdata's debt. The $4.9 million decrease in interest income primarily reflected lower levels of cash and short-term investments in 1996. Taxes and Net Operating Loss Carryforwards. The decrease in the Company's income tax provision from $18.7 million in 1995 to $14.3 million in 1996 represented a reduction in the Company's effective tax rate from 16.1% to 7.3%. This reduction reflected the Company's ability to utilize its net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes ("NOLs") to offset Comdata's income after its acquisition in December 1995. Ceridian estimates that it currently has NOLs of approximately $950 million, which may be used, to the extent available, to offset regular taxable income of the Company during the carryforward period (through 2008). The Company also has accrued approximately $166 million of expenses for financial statement reporting purposes which are expected to be deductible for federal income tax purposes in future taxable years. If unused, the Company's NOLs would begin to expire in a modest amount in 1997. Under FAS 109, a company that has NOLs is to recognize the future economic benefit of those NOLs as income for accounting purposes when it is deemed more likely than not that the holder will generate future U.S. taxable income over a reasonable period of time in an amount sufficient to utilize the NOLs. Although the Company expects that it will utilize its NOLs prior to their expiration, the substantial losses which the Company reported in 1992 and 1993 have caused the Company to defer recognition of the future economic benefit of its NOLs. The Company periodically assesses the probability, timing and scope of NOL utilization. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, contains complex rules that place an annual limit on the amount of NOLs that a company may utilize after an "ownership change." Because the amount of the annual limit is computed by multiplying the equity value of the Company immediately prior to an ownership change by the then applicable federal long-term tax exempt rate, the higher the Company's market capitalization at the time of an ownership change, the higher the resulting annual NOL limitation applicable to the Company. Although the Company does not believe that such an annual limitation on NOLs is currently applicable, events could occur, either within or outside the control of the Company, that could cause an ownership change and trigger the limitations of Section 382. Extraordinary Loss. The Company's 1995 extraordinary loss of $38.9 million ($40.5 million on a pre-tax basis) represents costs associated with the December 1995 repurchase of Comdata's public debt and the cancellation of Comdata's revolving credit agreement, as described in Note B, Extraordinary Loss and Restructure Payments, to the consolidated financial statements. 1995 Compared with 1994 Revenue. In Information Services, HRG reported a revenue increase of 28.2%, Comdata an increase of 12.7% and Arbitron an increase of 13.1%. About 30% of the revenue growth in HRG was due to the purchase of Tesseract Corporation in June 1994, the purchase of User Technology Services, Inc. in December 1994, and the October 1995 purchase of the Centre-file business. Excluding these acquisitions and the additional revenue derived from an increase in the average annual yield on the investment of payroll tax filing deposits from 4.24% in 1994 to 5.95% in 1995, HRG's revenue increased 15.3%. The majority of this revenue growth was in Employer Services, primarily reflecting new customer installations for payroll processing services and growth in the tax filing customer base that resulted in a 17.8% increase in average invested tax filing balances. Revenue also increased in Resumix, particularly from software maintenance products and services. Comdata's revenue increase from 1994 to 1995 reflected 11.4% revenue growth from transportation services and 24.8% revenue growth from gaming services, increases that were partially offset by the February 1995 sale of Comdata's retail services division. After adjusting for the March 1995 acquisition of Trendar, revenue from transportation services increased 4.7% from 1994 to 1995, reflecting increases in funds transfer revenue of 5.7% and in telecommunications revenue of 20.5%, which were partially offset by the discontinuance of certain products and by decreased sales of routing and scheduling software. The rate of revenue growth from both funds transfer and telecommunications services was less than the rate of growth in the number of transactions processed. In the case of funds transfer services, this difference was due largely to a decrease in per transaction fees for most funds transfer services and greater transaction growth in lower fee services. In the case of telecommunications services, the difference was largely due to rate reductions introduced at the end of 1994 to stimulate transaction growth. The increase in revenue from gaming services was primarily attributable to an increase in the number of credit 21 card cash advance transactions at gaming establishments. The majority of the gaming transaction growth occurred in gaming locations outside of the traditional casino markets in Nevada and Atlantic City, and was attributable to new accounts added during 1994 and 1995. Also contributing to Comdata's revenue growth was a $5.5 million increase, from $8.7 million to $14.2 million, in revenue relating to unsettled transactions, reflecting an increase in the volume of funds transfer transactions and the application of this revenue recognition policy to certain categories of transactions to which it had not previously been applied. Arbitron's revenue from radio audience measurement services and analytical software increased 8.8% due to an increased rate of customer renewals, a higher percentage of ratings customers also subscribing for analytical software applications, and price increases related to increases in the sample size for radio surveys. The revenue increase from radio was complemented by a revenue increase resulting from the Company's year-end 1994 exchange of its interest in the Competitive Media Reporting ("CMR") joint venture for an interest in SRP, with SRP's results thereafter consolidated with Arbitron's. The revenue increase for Computing Devices from 1994 to 1995 was attributable to its international operations, with revenue from its Canadian operations increasing 8.7% and revenue from its United Kingdom operations increasing 30.4%. Revenue from Computing Devices' U.S. operations decreased 2.6% in total, but 6.5% after excluding the purchase of Paragon Imaging, Inc. in December 1994. The revenue increase in the Canadian operations was primarily due to its ground systems products, and particularly the LAV Recce system project, and the Iris contract. The revenue increase in the United Kingdom operations in large measure reflected progress on a multi-year reconnaissance systems contract. Gross Margin. The Company's gross margin improvement from 1994 to 1995 reflected margin improvement in both industry segments, particularly Computing Devices, and also the relatively greater revenue growth in Information Services. The increase in Information Services' gross margin reflected not only gross margin improvements in Arbitron and HRG, but also the 1994 sale of TeleMoney, which had a very low gross margin. Partially offsetting these factors was a decrease in Comdata's gross margin. Arbitron's improvement was primarily a function of revenue mix, as low margin revenue from the sale of commercial monitoring services provided by CMR did not continue in 1995 as a result of the CMR/SRP transaction, and higher margin revenue from sales of radio audience measurement services and analytical software increased. The gross margin improvement in HRG was due principally to increased investment yields on tax filing deposits, generally higher gross margin (but not operating margin) levels in businesses acquired during 1994 and 1995, and gross margin increases in the smaller businesses in this group. Offsetting much of this improvement were increased levels of costs in Employer Services' tax filing and payroll processing operations. The increased costs in the tax filing operation were generally associated with increased staffing to deal with the rapid growth in business volume and an increase in regulatory charges for certain penalties and interest absorbed by the tax filing operation. Factors resulting in increased costs in the payroll processing operation included difficulties with the transition to and functioning of a newly established national customer service center and a 1.5 percentage point decrease in the payroll customer retention rate during 1994. The most significant factors in the decrease in Comdata's gross margin were the relatively greater increase in revenue from gaming services, which has a lower gross margin than transportation services revenue, the increase in agent commissions paid to gaming establishments, and $4.0 million in 1995 balance sheet adjustments that included an increase in bad debt expense. Partially offsetting the impact of the foregoing factors was the February 1995 sale of Comdata's retail services division, which had a very low gross margin. Computing Devices' gross margin increase from 1994 to 1995 was due to improved gross margins in its U.S. operations, reflecting the completion of certain contracts, the movement of other contracts from the development phase into the production phase, and the effects of reduced employment levels on existing fixed price contracts. Operating Expenses. Excluding the $29.4 million of other expenses associated with the 1995 acquisition of Comdata, operating expenses for the Company increased from 26.4% of revenue in 1994 to 27.7% of 1995 revenue. This increase reflected increases in both industry segments and the relatively greater revenue growth in Information Services. The slight decrease in the Company's SG&A expenses as a percentage of revenue reflected a decrease in Information Services from 30.6% to 29.6% of revenue and a $3.2 million decrease in such expenses not attributed to either industry segment, factors that were substantially offset by the revenue mix issue noted earlier and an increase in Computing Devices' SG&A expenses from 10.7% to 11.4% of revenue. Information Services' selling expense as a percentage of revenue decreased 1.2 percentage points, primarily reflecting increased concentration of HRG's sales and marketing efforts on medium and large employers and increased revenue with which there is associated a lesser percentage of selling expense, such as revenue attributable to increased interest rates on tax filing deposits. General expense was essentially unchanged as a percentage of revenue for Information Services despite increased amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets due to acquisitions made during 1994 and 1995, and Comdata's 1995 write-off of $1.9 million of goodwill related to the 1994 acquisition of a developer of routing and scheduling software. The 22 comparative general and administrative expenses for the Company as a whole were also affected by an increase in compensation expense of $5.4 million during 1995 associated with the Company's performance restricted stock plan, primarily as a result of the Company's favorable stock price performance during 1995. Also contributing to the increase in Computing Devices' SG&A expenses were increased amortization expense attributable to the December 1994 acquisition of Paragon Imaging and expenditures related to quality improvement programs. R&D expense increased from 2.5% to 3.2% of revenue in Computing Devices from 1994 to 1995, and from 4.1% to 4.6% of revenue in Information Services over the same period. The increase in Computing Devices primarily involved expenditures to upgrade and enhance existing technologies, while the increase in Information Services was largely due to the June 1994 acquisition of Tesseract and 1995 charges related to development costs in connection with Comdata's Windows-based management information software for trucking companies. Earnings Before Interest and Taxes. The Company's earnings before interest and taxes ("EBIT") decreased $2.0 million, or 1.5%, from 1994 to 1995. Information Services' EBIT decreased $8.1 million, from 16.9% percent of revenue to 13.2% of revenue. Partially offsetting this decrease was a $3.1 million increase in Computing Devices' EBIT, from 6.3% to 6.6% of revenue, and a small decrease in expenses not allocated to either industry segment. Apart from the $29.4 million of Comdata acquisition expenses and accruals, the Company's EBIT would have increased $27.4 million, or 20.0%. Computed on that basis, the Company's EBIT as a percentage of revenue increased from 11.6% in 1994 to 12.3% in 1995, and Information Services' EBIT as a percentage of revenue decreased slightly from 16.9% to 16.8%, reflecting operating margin improvement in HRG that was offset by operating margin decreases in Comdata, due in large measure to the 1995 balance sheet adjustments, and to a much lesser degree in Arbitron. Interest Income and Expense. The $1.4 million increase in interest income from 1994 to 1995 primarily resulted from higher interest rates during 1995. The $1.6 million decrease in interest expense from 1994 to 1995 generally reflected slightly lower debt levels during the year. Taxes and Net Operating Loss Carryforwards. The Company's income tax provision increased from $17.5 million in 1994 to $18.7 million in 1995. Amounts in these years primarily represent tax charges related to Comdata prior to its acquisition by Ceridian. Comdata's pre-acquisition effective tax rate increased during 1994 as a result of the utilization of most of Comdata's NOLs. Financial Condition The Company's cash and short-term investments increased from $151.7 million at December 31, 1995 to $169.2 million at December 31, 1996. Approximately $97 million of the Company's cash and short-term investments at December 31, 1996 were the U.S. dollar equivalent of unhedged Canadian dollar cash and short-term investments held by the Company's Canadian subsidiary. The Company does not expect this balance in Canada to decrease substantially during 1997. Cash balances can also be significantly affected by the particular day of the week on which the applicable accounting period ends, primarily because of the large volume of weekend transactions in Comdata's gaming business. Because 1996 ended on a Tuesday, cash balances from this source were at a weekly high point. During 1996, operating cash flows provided $212.5 million of cash, compared to $192.2 million in 1995 and $62.5 million in 1994. Reflected in the $14.4 million of cash utilized in 1996 in connection with working capital items were a $16.5 million increase in inventories, primarily in Computing Devices' U.S. and United Kingdom operations, and a $15.8 million decrease in deferred income, primarily in connection with closeouts of contracts in Computing Devices' U.S. operations, partially offset by a $20.8 million increase in customer advances, primarily reflecting Computing Devices' receipt of customer advances as a result of achieving a performance milestone under the Iris contract. Information regarding cash outlays associated with restructuring reserves is contained in Note B, Extraordinary Loss and Restructure Payments, to the consolidated financial statements. Investing activities utilized $126.9 million of cash during 1996, including expenditures of $52.7 million for capital assets, principally in HRG and Computing Devices, and $47.8 million for software and development costs, principally in HRG. The largest component of the latter amount was $39.4 million in costs, which are incremental to normal operations, of the CII payroll processing software development effort in HRG. The net amount of these capitalized costs for the CII project at December 31, 1996 was $83.6 million. Investing activities in 1996 also included $36.4 million spent for business acquisitions and investments in or advances to entities in which the Company has a minority equity interest (see Note J, Investing Activity, to the consolidated financial statements). Partially offsetting these 1996 expenditures was $9.3 million in cash received from the sale of surplus facilities. The Company's capital expenditures presently planned for 1997 total approximately $60-$65 million, with the largest portion of the increase over the 1996 level of spending expected in HRG. Planned capital expenditures for 1997 generally involve equipment and leasehold improvements to expand and improve HRG's service delivery capabilities, including a relocation of the Centre-file operations in the United Kingdom, and routine replacements and upgrades for existing equipment and systems. The Company also expects to capitalize in 1997 approximately $45-$50 23 million of software development and related costs, about three-fourths of which would be to continue the CII project and the balance of which would involve various purchased software and internally developed software projects, most involving HRG's payroll processing and tax filing operations. Financing activities utilized $68.1 million of cash during 1996, due principally to the repayment of $60.0 million under the Company's domestic revolving credit facility, $18.2 million spent to repurchase 391,514 shares of Ceridian common stock (at an average price of $46.39 per share), and the payment of $13.0 million in dividends on the Company's 5 1/2% Preferred Stock. The 5 1/2% Preferred Stock was converted into shares of Ceridian common stock in December 1996, eliminating this dividend requirement for future periods. Partially offsetting these uses of cash was the receipt of $23.7 million of cash from the exercise of stock options. The stock repurchases were pursuant to a plan approved in 1994 to repurchase up to 2,000,000 shares of Ceridian common stock, as described in Note H, Stock Plans, to the consolidated financial statements.. The portion of the Company's revenue derived from operations outside of the U.S. (Computing Devices' operations in Canada and the United Kingdom and the Centre-file payroll business in the United Kingdom) has increased from 21.9% in 1994 to 22.2% in 1995 and 24.5% in 1996. Despite this trend, the Company believes that its foreign currency exposure is relatively small and largely limited to a risk that profits of its overseas operations denominated in Canadian dollars or pounds sterling will be worth less in U.S. dollars if those currencies weaken against the U.S. dollar. In December 1995, Ceridian concluded a $325 million revolving credit facility with a commercial bank syndicate. The credit facility is unsecured but is guaranteed by Comdata and its Comdata Network subsidiary, and has a final maturity of November 30, 1998. The full amount of the credit facility may be utilized for revolving loans and up to $75 million of the credit facility may be used to obtain standby letters of credit. The credit facility was utilized to finance the December 1995 repurchase of Comdata's public debt. The pricing of the credit facility for both loans and letters of credit is determined based on the Company's senior unsecured debt ratings. As the result of a September 1996 increase in the Company's senior unsecured long-term debt rating to BBB-, the applicable interest rate under the credit facility decreased slightly effective October 1, 1996, and was approximately 6.0% at December 31, 1996. At that same date, there were $135 million in revolving loans and $1.4 million in letters of credit outstanding under the facility. Under the terms of the credit facility, Ceridian must satisfy various financial tests on a consolidated basis. The Company must maintain a minimum consolidated net worth which is subject to increase based on the Company's consolidated net earnings after December 31, 1995 and certain equity contributions to the Company after the same date. The Company is also required to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of 2.25 to 1 on a rolling four quarters basis (the ratio was 7.04 to 1 at December 31, 1996), and to limit consolidated debt to three times earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") minus capital expenditures on a rolling four quarters basis (the permitted debt ratio was 0.9 to 1 at year end 1996). The credit facility also limits liens, contingent obligations, operating leases, minority equity investments and divestitures. At December 31, 1996, the Company was in compliance with all covenants contained in the credit facility, and would have been entitled to avail itself of an additional $336 million of borrowing under the permitted debt covenant in the credit facility. The Company's liquidity needs are expected to be met from existing cash balances, cash flow from operations and borrowings under the credit facility. Given the expected negative arbitrage between the interest rates applicable to the Company's cash balances and interest rates under the credit facility, the Company expects that it will continue to utilize excess cash to reduce amounts outstanding under the credit facility. The Company may also utilize cash from these sources to make acquisitions. The Company expects to remain active in this regard and to concentrate its acquisitions in areas related to or which complement the Information Services segment. In structuring any such acquisitions, the Company would seek to emphasize the use of its common stock as acquisition consideration in order to make pooling-of-interests accounting treatment available. 1997 Financial Outlook The Company's revenue and earnings expectations for 1997 could be adversely affected by a variety of factors, including those discussed below. Revenue and earnings from Comdata's gaming services in 1997 could be adversely affected if the rate of decline in the number of credit card cash advance transactions or the rate of increase in agent commissions paid to gaming establishments is greater than anticipated due to increasing competition in providing such advances and from alternative sources of cash such as ATM machines. While Comdata will seek to offset the estimated $6 million 1997 impact of the previously described increase by a major credit card association in the merchant discount rate applied to credit card cash advances, there can be no assurance as to the degree to which it will be able to do so. An assessment of the status of the CII payroll processing software development project was conducted with the assistance of an outside consultant during the fourth quarter 1996. The assessment confirmed that the CII software is a viable base for use as a high volume service bureau processor, and also verified a number of areas in which additional development efforts would be required to enable the CII software to operate 24 cost effectively in such an environment. The Company is proceeding with these development efforts as well as the beta testing of version 1.5 of this software. The Company expects that the additional development efforts necessary to ready the CII software for widespread release during 1998 will entail an additional $35 to $40 million in capitalized costs during 1997. Although the Company may install a limited number of customers, most likely with complex processing needs, on the CII system during 1997, the Company does not expect the CII software to contribute to margin improvements prior to its widespread release. The potential for CII-related margin improvements during and after widespread release will be affected by, among other things, amortization of capitalized development costs, the degree to which customers opt to upgrade to the CII software (particularly smaller customers with less complicated processing requirements), and the Company's ability to manage the incremental costs of moving existing customers to the CII system. Because of the continuing role to be played by the Company's existing payroll processing software before and after widespread release of the CII software, the Company expects to continue to invest in updates and enhancements to that software and to focus on efforts, such as consolidating existing processing centers and increasing installation efficiencies, to reduce costs associated with its current payroll processing system. Delays in the widespread release of the CII software, difficulties in the transition of existing payroll customers, unanticipated technological problems, or the inability to reduce costs associated with the existing payroll processing system could have an adverse effect on the revenue and profitability of HRG or the full recoverability of its investment in the CII development project. Because a sizeable portion of HRG's revenue is derived from the investment of tax filing deposits temporarily held pending remittance on behalf of customers to tax filing authorities, changes in interest rates will affect the Company's revenue from this source. The Company has sought to lessen the impact of interest rate changes, particularly interest rates decreases, on this source of revenue by entering into interest rate collar transactions, as previously described. Also expected to affect this source of revenue in 1997 is the July 1 completion of the phased introduction of IRS regulatory changes that reduce by one day the period of time the Company may earn investment income on certain tax filing deposits. While the Company will seek to offset the impact of this regulatory change by increasing fees or collecting tax filing deposits earlier, there can be no assurance as to the degree to which it will be able to do so. A portion of the Company's expected revenue growth, particularly in Computing Devices and Comdata, is attributable to the planned introduction of new or enhanced product and service offerings or the expansion of existing products and services into new markets, such as adapting products initially developed for military applications to commercial markets. The degree to which the Company is successful in these efforts depends on a variety of factors, including product and service selection, effective sales and marketing efforts, the level of market acceptance and the avoidance of difficulties or delays in development or introduction. Continuing consolidation in the radio broadcasting industry could tend to put pressure on the pricing of Arbitron's radio ratings service, from which Arbitron derives a substantial majority of its total revenue. While the Company will seek to avoid or minimize price concessions in contract negotiations, and will seek to offset the revenue impact of any concessions that may be granted by providing ratings to additional stations within a radio group and by providing additional software and other services, there can be no assurance as to the degree to which it will be able to do so. The Company's earnings expectations for 1997 assume steadily decreasing interest expense from 1996 levels as operating cash flows reduce revolving debt. It is also assumed that no significant borrowings would be required to finance acquisitions during 1997 and that interest rates would remain relatively constant during the year. Assuming no ownership change during 1997 that would impose a restrictive limitation on the Company's ability to utilize its NOLs and no recognition during 1997 of the future economic benefits of NOLs under FAS 109, the Company estimates that its effective tax rate during 1997 will be approximately 7%, primarily reflecting state and foreign taxes. The Company's financial performance during 1997 could also be significantly affected by other, more general factors. Trade, monetary and fiscal policies, and political and economic conditions may substantially change, with corresponding impacts on the industries which the Company serves, particularly the defense industry and more economically sensitive industries such as trucking and gaming. Currency fluctuations could have an increasing impact on the Company's revenue in light of the increasing portion of the Company's revenue derived from its overseas operations. Competition may become more intense than anticipated, including as a result of industry consolidation, such as in the defense industry, or by the entry of new competitors, such as in the trucking services and gaming industries. The Company's ability to effectively manage internal growth and assimilate recent and future acquisitions could also have an impact on its financial performance. The Company may also be affected by unanticipated costs, adverse determinations or other effects of legal and administrative proceedings now pending or that may be instituted in the future, including a state-sponsored examination of Comdata's compliance with various unclaimed property laws that is expected to begin in the first quarter of 1997. 25 Report of Management The consolidated financial statements and other related financial information of Ceridian published in this Annual Report were prepared by Company management, which acknowledges its responsibility therefor. Such statements and information were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and were necessarily based in part on reasonable estimates, giving due consideration to materiality. Ceridian maintains a system of internal controls which, in the opinion of management, provides reasonable assurance that assets are adequately safeguarded, that financial records accurately reflect all transactions and can be relied upon in all material respects in the preparation of financial statements, and that the Company's business is conducted in compliance with its policy on business ethics. The control system is supported by written policies and procedures, and its effectiveness is monitored by a regular program of internal auditing. Our independent auditors, KPMG Peat Marwick LLP, in their audit of Ceridian's consolidated financial statements, considered the internal control structure of the Company to gain a basic understanding of the accounting system in order to design an effective and efficient audit approach, not for the purpose of providing assurance on the system of internal control. The Audit Committee, consisting of outside directors, is responsible to the Board of Directors for reviewing the financial controls and reporting practices and for recommending appointment of the independent auditors. The committee meets periodically with representatives of the internal audit department and the independent auditors, both with and without Ceridian management being present. /s/Lawrence Perlman Lawrence Perlman Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer /s/J R Eickhoff John R. Eickhoff Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 26 Independent Auditors' Report The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Ceridian Corporation: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Ceridian Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the related consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1996. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We did not audit the balance sheet as of December 31, 1995 and related statements of operations and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1994 of Comdata Holdings Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary, which statements reflect total assets constituting 29 percent at December 31, 1995 and total revenues constituting 21 percent in both 1995 and 1994 of the related consolidated totals. Those statements were audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the balance sheet as of December 31, 1995 and related statements of operations and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1994 for Comdata Holdings Corporation, is based solely on the report of the other auditors. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the report of the other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of the other auditors, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Ceridian Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1996, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. /s/KPMG Peat Marwick LLP KMPG Peat Marwick LLP Minneapolis, Minnesota January 23, 1997, except as to Note N - Age Discrimination Litigation, which is as of March 5, 1997. 27 Consolidated Statements of Operations (Dollars in millions, except per share data) Years Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 Revenue Product sales $ 620.8 $ 562.8 $ 528.0 Services 874.8 770.2 649.8 Total 1,495.6 1,333.0 1,177.8 Cost of revenue Product sales 440.3 411.0 406.1 Services 444.6 389.3 323.6 Total 884.9 800.3 729.7 Gross profit 610.7 532.7 448.1 Operating expenses Selling, general and administrative 339.6 309.9 274.1 Research and development 69.4 54.5 40.5 Other expense (income) 2.1 33.6 (3.2) Earnings before interest and taxes 199.6 134.7 136.7 Interest income 7.2 12.1 10.7 Interest expense (10.6) (30.6) (32.2) Earnings before income taxes 196.2 116.2 115.2 Income tax provision 14.3 18.7 17.5 Earnings before extraordinary item 181.9 97.5 97.7 Extraordinary loss - 38.9 - Net earnings $ 181.9 $ 58.6 $ 97.7 Primary earnings per share Before extraordinary item $ 2.39 $ 1.22 $ 1.25 Net earnings $ 2.39 $ 0.66 $ 1.25 Fully diluted earnings per share Before extraordinary item $ 2.25 $ 1.22 $ 1.25 Net earnings $ 2.25 $ 0.66 $ 1.25 Shares used in calculations (in thousands) Primary 70,585 69,352 67,626 Fully diluted 80,969 79,736 78,010 See notes to consolidated financial statements.
28 Consolidated Balance Sheets (Dollars in millions, except per share data) December 31, 1996 1995 ASSETS Current assets Cash and equivalents $ 169.2 $ 151.7 Trade and other receivables Trade, less allowance of $11.4 and $12.4 259.5 278.9 Unbilled 111.5 86.5 Other 11.0 7.4 Total 382.0 372.8 Inventories 47.6 30.4 Other current assets 14.8 15.9 Total current assets 613.6 570.8 Investments and advances 13.7 6.9 Property, plant and equipment, net 129.0 120.9 Goodwill and other intangibles, net 282.6 262.6 Software and development costs, net 110.4 72.6 Prepaid pension cost 99.5 88.6 Other noncurrent assets 2.3 3.7 Total assets $1,251.1 $1,126.1 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities Short-term debt and current portion of long-term obligations $ 2.0 $ 4.6 Accounts payable 52.8 54.4 Drafts and settlements payable 138.4 146.3 Customer advances 99.4 73.7 Deferred income 74.3 90.1 Accrued taxes 75.8 68.7 Employee compensation and benefits 73.5 63.6 Restructure reserves, current portion 14.9 19.2 Other accrued expenses 93.7 85.0 Total current liabilities 624.8 605.6 Long-term obligations, less current portion 142.1 205.3 Deferred income taxes 7.7 7.1 Restructure reserves, less current portion 42.0 51.2 Employee benefit plans 73.3 78.7 Deferred income and other noncurrent liabilities 14.9 28.2 Stockholders' equity 5 1/2% Cumulative Convertible Exchangeable Preferred Stock - 4.7 Common Stock, $.50 par, authorized 200,000,000 shares, issued 79,789,627 and 67,325,372 39.9 33.7 Additional paid-in capital 1,123.4 1,106.6 Accumulated deficit (798.7) (963.9) Other stockholders' equity items (18.3) (31.1) Total stockholders' equity 346.3 150.0 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $1,251.1 $1,126.1 See notes to consolidated financial statements.
29 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Dollars in millions, except per share data) Years Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 Cash Flows from Operating Activities Net earnings $181.9 $ 58.6 $ 97.7 Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities: Extraordinary loss - 38.9 - Restructure reserves utilized (14.9) (18.2) (53.7) Depreciation and amortization 73.9 63.4 42.3 Other (14.0) 3.1 6.3 Decrease (Increase) in trade and other receivables 0.7 (73.1) (61.7) Decrease (Increase) in other current assets (14.5) (9.4) 7.9 Increase (Decrease) in customer advances and deferred income 4.9 52.7 2.6 Increase (Decrease) in drafts and settlements payable (7.9) 34.2 38.0 Increase (Decrease) in other current liabilities 2.4 42.0 (16.9) Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities 212.5 192.2 62.5 Cash Flows from Investing Activities Expended for property, plant and equipment (52.7) (53.0) (45.9) Expended for software and development costs (47.8) (51.2) (13.5) Short-term investments - 54.6 48.8 Proceeds from sales of businesses and assets 9.3 6.4 33.5 Expended for business acquisitions, less cash acquired (36.4) (76.8) (69.0) Collection of notes from asset sales 0.7 10.6 0.5 Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities (126.9) (109.4) (45.6) Cash Flows from Financing Activities Revolving credit and overdrafts, net (60.0) 193.9 (13.5) Retirement of public debt - (244.4) - Borrowings of other debt - 2.6 - Repayment of other debt (7.1) (15.1) (2.2) Sale of 5 1/2% Preferred Stock - - 15.5 Preferred dividends (13.0) (13.0) (13.0) Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other 12.0 6.9 4.6 Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities (68.1) (69.1) (8.6) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash - 0.2 (0.3) Net Cash Flows Provided (Used) 17.5 13.9 8.0 Cash and equivalents at beginning of year 151.7 137.8 129.8 Cash and equivalents at end of year $169.2 $151.7 $137.8 See notes to consolidated financial statements. Years Ended December 31, Interest and Income Taxes Paid (Refunded) 1996 1995 1994 Interest paid $ 10.8 $ 28.4 $ 29.2 Income taxes paid $ 7.9 $ 15.3 $ 12.5 Income taxes refunded $(11.6) $ (2.7) $ (2.2)
30 Index to Notes 31 A. Accounting Policies 34 B. Extraordinary Loss and Restructure Payments 34 C. Supplementary Data to Statements of Operations 35 D. Income Taxes 36 E. Capital Assets 36 F. Stockholders' Equity 38 G. Retirement Plans 40 H. Stock Plans 42 I. Financing Arrangements 43 J. Investing Activity 44 K. Segment Data 45 L. Leasing Arrangements as Lessee 46 M. Commitments and Contingencies 47 N. Legal Matters A. Accounting Policies Basis of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements of Ceridian Corporation ("Ceridian" or the "Company") include the accounts of all majority owned subsidiaries. Investments in other affiliated companies where Ceridian has significant influence are accounted for by the equity method. Other investments are accounted for by the cost method. All material intercompany transactions have been eliminated from the consolidated financial statements. Stock-Based Compensation The Company has adopted the disclosure-only provisions of FAS 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," effective for 1996, whose disclosures are presented in Note H, "Stock Plans." Accordingly, the Company continues to account for stock-based compensation under APB Opinion No. 25 and related interpretations. Therefore, compensation expense is not recorded with respect to the Company's fixed stock option and employee stock purchase plans, and compensation expense for performance restricted awards is recorded based on the stock price at time of vesting or at the most recent year-end stock price for estimated future vestings. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Changes in Presentation In certain cases, prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation. Cash and Short-Term Investments Investments which are readily convertible to cash within three months of purchase are classified in the balance sheet as cash equivalents. Investments, if any, with longer maturities are considered available- for-sale under FAS 115 and reported in the balance sheet as short-term investments. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost and depreciated for financial statement purposes using straight-line and accelerated methods at rates based on the estimated lives of the assets, which are generally as follows: Buildings 40-50 years Building improvements 5-20 years Machinery and equipment 3-8 years Computer equipment 3-6 years Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Gains or losses on dispositions are included in results of operations. 31 Goodwill and Other Intangibles Goodwill, which represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of net assets of businesses acquired, is assigned to operating units based on the benefits derived from the acquisition and amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected periods to be benefited, ranging up to 40 years. Other intangible assets represent amounts assigned to intangible assets at the time of a purchase acquisition and includes such items as customer lists and bases, technology, covenants not to compete, trademarks and other rights. Such costs are generally amortized on a straight-line basis over periods ranging up to 20 years. Recorded amounts are regularly reviewed and recoverability assessed. The review considers factors such as whether the amortization of the goodwill and other intangibles balance for each business segment over its remaining life can be recovered through forecasted results of future operations. Software and Development Costs The Company capitalizes purchased software which is ready for service and software development costs incurred from the time technological feasibility of the software is established until the software is ready for use to provide processing services to customers. Research and development costs and other computer software maintenance costs related to software development are expensed as incurred. Software development costs related to the software which will become an integral part of the Company's revenue producing payroll processing system ("CII") will be amortized using the straight-line method generally over seven years after being placed in service. The remaining software development costs and costs of purchased software are amortized using the straight-line method over a maximum of three to five years or the expected life of the product, whichever is less. The carrying value of a software and development asset is regularly reviewed by the Company, and a loss is recognized when the net realizable value falls below the unamortized cost. Earnings (Loss) Per Share Primary earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net earnings after reduction for preferred dividends by the weighted average of outstanding common stock and common stock equivalents. When the result would be a loss per share, equivalents are ignored. Common stock equivalents includes the impact of outstanding dilutive stock options and restricted stock. Fully diluted earnings per share assumes that any outstanding convertible preferred stock was converted to common shares at the beginning of the reporting period. Therefore, the calculation uses net earnings without reduction for preferred stock dividends divided by weighted average common shares and common share equivalents plus the additional common shares which would have resulted from the assumed conversion. When the fully diluted amount is more favorable than the primary amount, only the primary amount may be reported. Income Taxes The provision for income taxes is based on income recognized for financial statement purposes and includes the effects of temporary differences between such income and that recognized for tax return purposes. The Company and its eligible subsidiaries file a consoli- dated U.S. federal income tax return. Certain subsidiaries which are consolidated for financial reporting are not eligible to be included in the consolidated U.S. federal income tax return and separate provisions for income taxes have been determined for these entities. The tax benefit of losses from U.S. operations in prior years has been provided as the losses are utilized. Except for selective dividends, Ceridian intends to reinvest the unremitted earnings of its non-U.S. subsidiaries and postpone their remittance indefinitely. Accordingly, no provision for U.S. income taxes was required on such earnings during the three years ended December 31, 1996. Revenue Recognition Revenue from product sales is related primarily to fixed price, long- term contracts with government customers and is recognized on a percentage of completion basis. Percentage of completion is determined by reference to the extent of contract performance, future performance risk and cost incurrence. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts are reported as unbilled receivables, a portion of which represents a holdback reserve which is billable as allowed under the contract terms. Contracts in progress are reviewed quarterly, and sales and earnings are adjusted in current accounting periods based on revisions in contract value and estimated costs at completion. Provisions for estimated losses on contracts are recorded when identified. 32 Revenue from sales of services is recognized when the services are performed and billable, except for the portion of Employer Services tax filing revenue which is recognized as earned from the investment of customer deposits and services provided by Comdata. Revenue from Comdata funds transfer and regulatory permit services consists of the transaction fees charged to customers. Such revenue does not include the costs of goods and services for which funds are advanced by Comdata (e.g., fuel purchased, permit provided or face amount of the Comchek, purchased and cashed). However, Comdata pays the issuing agent (e.g., truck stop, casino or state agency) for the full cost of the goods and services provided and, accordingly, bills the customer for such cost as well as the transaction fee. As a result, the Company's accounts receivable includes both the cost of the goods and services purchased and the transaction fees. The Company's drafts and settlements payable includes the amount due to the issuing agent for the cost of the goods and services. Revenue is recognized for the amount of the transaction fee at the time the goods and services are purchased. In a very small portion of Comdata funds transfer transactions, final settlement may not occur, resulting in Comdata ostensibly receiving unapplied funds that are carried as credits to accounts receivable or as unsettled drafts payable. Final settlement may fail to occur for a variety of reasons, including the failure of drafts to clear in the ordinary course of business, Comdata's inability to match customer remittances with specific transactions or to otherwise reconcile accounts and/or transactions, and the disproportionate cost of resolving relatively small dollar amount credit balances. Comdata's policy is to take the amount of such unsettled transactions into revenue as earned for goods and services rendered if the transactions are not definitively settled within a period of twelve months through the assertion of valid customer claims or otherwise reconciled. Inventories Inventories consist primarily of electronic components which are purchased in anticipation of funding for specific contracts and programs and are stated at the lower of first-in, first-out actual cost or net realizable value. Although inventories include costs related to long-term contracts, most of the inventoried costs are expected to be charged to cost of sales within one year. Payments received in advance of billings on long-term contracts are recorded as a liability for customer advances until contract milestones are accomplished. Payroll Tax Filing Services In connection with Ceridian's payroll tax filing services, the Company collects funds for payment of taxes due, holds such funds in trust until payment is due, remits the funds to the appropriate taxing authority, files federal, state and local tax returns, handles related regulatory correspondence and amendments, and selectively absorbs regulatory charges for certain penalties and interest. For such services, the Company derives its payroll tax filing revenue from fees charged and from investment income it receives on tax filing deposits temporarily held pending remittance on behalf of customers to taxing authorities. The trust invests primarily in high quality collateralized short-term investments or top tier commercial paper. The trust also invests in U.S. Treasury and Agency securities, AAA rated asset-backed securities and corporate securities rated A3/A- or better. The amount of collected but unremitted funds varies significantly during the year and averaged $1,151.1 in 1996, $1,021.6 in 1995 and $867.5 in 1994. The amount of such funds at December 31, 1996 and 1995, was $1,523.9 and $1,456.1, respectively. Translation of Foreign Currencies Local currencies have been determined to be functional currencies for the Company's international operations. Foreign currency balance sheets are translated at the end-of-period exchange rates and earnings statements at the average exchange rates for each period. The resulting translation gains or losses are recorded as "foreign currency translation adjustment" in the stockholders' equity section of the balance sheet. Gains and losses from translation of assets and liabilities denominated in other than the functional currency of the operation are recorded in results of operations as "other expense (income)." Canadian operations include a significant number of contracts which either provide for exchange rate adjustments or are denominated in the U.S. dollar, which benefits the management of exchange rate risk. 33 B. Extraordinary Loss and Restructure payments Extraordinary Loss In December 1995, the Company recorded an extraordinary loss of $38.9 due to early retirement of debt acquired in the Comdata acquisition, as further described in Note I. The loss, which is net of an income tax benefit of $1.6, includes $6.9 to write-off unamortized debt issue costs and $33.6 for the direct costs of the tender offers and defeasance arrangements, premiums paid, and interest expense related to the defeased amount. Restructure Payments The accompanying table summarizes the cash payments made during the three-year period ended December 31, 1996 with respect to the Company's restructuring reserves. Years Ended December 31, Restructure Payments 1996 1995 1994 Severance and related costs $ 2.6 $ 2.0 $14.7 Equipment lease termination 0.6 0.8 4.9 Vacant space 6.8 9.0 16.8 Costs to dispose of businesses 0.5 1.0 6.6 Legal costs 2.3 1.5 4.3 Environmental costs 1.2 1.4 1.2 Duplicate processing and support 0.8 1.5 3.2 Other 0.1 1.0 2.0 Total $14.9 $18.2 $53.7
Of the $56.9 million of restructuring reserves expected to require cash outlays after 1996, the largest portions relate to obligations with respect of vacant space (generally payable during 1997-1999), the obligation to indemnify the purchaser of the Company's former disk drive manufacturing subsidiary against certain environmental remediation costs (expected to be payable over ten years or more), and defense or settlement costs related to age discrimination litigation involving the Company as further described in Note N. C. Supplementary Data to Statements of Operations Years Ended December 31, Other Expense (Income) 1996 1995 1994 Foreign currency translation expense (income) $ (1.2) $ _ $ _ Loss (Gain) on sale of assets (0.4) 1.0 0.6 Other expense (income) (0.8) (1.2) (2.9) Minority interest and equity in operations of affiliates 4.4 4.1 (0.9) Pooling expense 0.1 29.7 _ Total $ 2.1 $33.6 $(3.2)
34 D. Income Taxes The cumulative amount of undistributed earnings of international subsidiaries for which U.S. income taxes have not been provided was approximately $47.4 at December 31, 1996. It is not practical to estimate the amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. taxes on these undistributed earnings. Under tax sharing agreements existing at the time of the disposition of certain former operations of the Company, Ceridian remains subject to income tax audits in various jurisdictions for the years 1985-1992. Ceridian considers its tax accruals adequate to cover any U.S. and international tax deficiencies not recoverable through deductions in future years. The Company has U.S. net operating loss carryforwards and future tax deductions of $950.1 and $165.7, respectively, which will be available to offset regular taxable U.S. income during the carryforward period (through 2008). The tax benefits of these items are reflected in the accompanying table of deferred tax assets and liabilities. If not used, these carryforwards begin to expire with a nominal amount in 1997. U.S. tax rules impose limitations on the use of net operating loss carryforwards following certain changes in ownership. If such a change were to occur with respect to the Company, the limitation could reduce the amount of benefits that would be available to offset future taxable income each year, starting with the year of ownership change. Included in the deferred tax asset and valuation allowance is $25.8 resulting from the exercise of stock options. The related benefit will be included as additional paid-in capital. Components of Earnings and Taxes 1996 1995 1994 Earnings Before Income Taxes U.S. $ 173.4 $ 98.1 $ 100.0 International 22.8 18.1 15.2 Total $ 196.2 $ 116.2 $ 115.2 Income Tax Provision Current U.S. $ 3.1 $ 11.7 $ 10.2 International 9.1 7.9 3.1 State and other 2.2 0.4 2.0 14.4 20.0 15.3 Deferred U.S. 0.8 _ _ International (1.3) (1.3) 2.2 State and other 0.4 _ _ (0.1) (1.3) 2.2 Total $ 14.3 $ 18.7 $ 17.5 Effective Rate Reconciliation 1996 1995 1994 U.S. statutory rate 35% 35% 35% Income tax provision at U.S. statutory rate $ 68.7 $ 40.7 $ 40.3 International rate differences (1.3) (0.9) (0.7) State income taxes, net 2.6 0.4 2.0 Losses and expenses with no tax benefit 1.5 1.6 1.2 Utilization of loss carryforwards (61.0) (24.7) (26.2) Other 3.8 1.6 0.9 Income tax provision $ 14.3 $ 18.7 $ 17.5
Tax Effect of Items That Comprise a Significant Portion of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities at December 31, 1996 Deferred Deferred Item Description Tax Tax Asset Liability Net operating loss carryforwards $ 362.3 $ _ Restructuring and other accruals 71.8 _ Employment related accruals (12.0) _ Capitalized software (33.6) _ International _ (8.8) Other 39.1 (1.9) Total 427.6 (10.7) Less valuation allowance (427.6) _ Deferred income taxes $ _ $ (10.7) Current $ (3.0) Noncurrent (7.7) Total $ (10.7) The net deferred tax asset at December 31, 1996, is fully offset by a valuation allowance. During 1996, both the deferred tax asset and the valuation allowance decreased by $70.3. The decrease is primarily due to profitable operations and a lower tax rate. The amount of the valuation allowance is reviewed periodically.
35 E. Capital Assets December 31, 1996 1995 Property, Plant and Equipment Land $ 2.6 $ 3.0 Machinery and equipment 271.2 236.0 Buildings and improvements 77.7 79.4 Construction in progress 0.5 4.9 352.0 323.3 Accumulated depreciation (223.0) (202.4) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 129.0 $ 120.9 Goodwill and Other Intangibles Goodwill $ 250.0 $ 220.3 Accumulated amortization (40.1) (27.6) Goodwill, net 209.9 192.7 Other intangible assets 85.0 78.8 Accumulated amortization (12.3) (8.9) Other intangibles, net 72.7 69.9 Goodwill and other intangibles, net $ 282.6 $ 262.6 Software and Development Costs Purchased software $ 40.8 $ 34.0 CII development cost 83.6 44.2 Other software development cost 22.1 18.5 146.5 96.7 Accumulated amortization (36.1) (24.1) Software and development costs, net $ 110.4 $ 72.6
Years Ended December 31, Depreciation and Amortization 1996 1995 1994 Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment $ 44.4 $ 39.1 $ 31.9 Amortization of goodwill 12.5 9.9 5.7 Amortization of other intangibles 6.4 3.4 1.6 Amortization of software and development costs 13.1 10.6 3.1 Other amortization (2.5) 0.4 _ Total $ 73.9 $ 63.4 $ 42.3
F. Stockholders' Equity Preferred Stock The Company called for redemption, effective December 31, 1996, its outstanding 5/% Cumulative Convertible Exchangeable Preferred Stock, par value $100 per share (the "5/% Preferred Stock") and the related 4,720,000 Depositary Shares, each representing a one one-hundredth interest in a share of the 5/% Preferred Stock. The redemption price for each Depositary Share was $51.10 plus accrued and unpaid dividends. As a result of the call, holders converted their Depositary Shares into shares of Ceridian common stock in late December at a rate of 2.2 common shares for each Depositary Share. Dividends on the 5/% Preferred Stock for fourth quarter 1996 were paid to holders of record notwithstanding the conversion. The calculation of fully diluted earnings per share is not affected by the conversion. 36 Common Stock, Shares Additional Additional Paid-In Capital Treasury Common Paid-In Accumulated and Accumulated Deficit Outstanding Stock Issued Stock Capital Deficit Balance December 31, 1993 65,502,817 81,738 65,584,555 $32.7 $1,034.0 $(1,070.4) Repurchase of common shares (70,000) 70,000 Exercises of stock options 462,462 (33,708) 428,754 0.2 4.4 Restricted stock awards, net 827,500 (4,500) 823,000 0.5 21.4 Net earnings 97.7 Sale of 5/% Preferred Stock depositary shares (0.4) Preferred stock dividends (13.0) Comdata stock transactions 14.5 Dividends on Comdata stock (13.0) Balance December 31, 1994 66,722,779 113,530 66,836,309 33.4 1,073.9 (998.7) Repurchase of common shares (192,000) 192,000 Exercises of stock options 613,376 (168,267) 445,109 0.3 3.2 Restricted stock awards, net 94,327 (89,327) 5,000 13.8 Employee Stock Purchase Plan 38,954 38,954 1.4 Net earnings 58.6 Preferred stock dividends (13.0) Comdata stock transactions 14.3 Dividends on Comdata stock (10.8) Balance December 31, 1995 67,277,436 47,936 67,325,372 33.7 1,106.6 (963.9) Repurchase of common shares (391,514) 391,514 Exercises of stock options 1,680,655 (428,183) 1,252,472 0.6 6.3 Restricted stock awards, net (60,946) 66,250 5,304 1.1 Employee Stock Purchase Plan 174,139 (68,965) 105,174 3.1 Net earnings 181.9 Preferred stock dividends (13.0) Preferred stock conversion 10,383,995 10,383,995 5.2 (0.5) Acquisitions 685,524 12,644 698,168 0.4 5.9 (3.7) Settlement of directors' retirement benefits 19,142 19,142 0.9 Balance December 31, 1996 79,768,431 21,196 79,789,627 $39.9 $1,123.4 $ (798.7) Authorized but unissued or treasury common shares reserved for future issuance as of December 31, 1996, included 6,682,176 shares for exercise of stock options and future awards of stock-based compensation and 286,907 shares for the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as discussed in Note H.
December 31, Other Stockholders' Equity Items 1996 1995 1994 Foreign currency translation adjustment $ 0.4 $ (2.4) $ (2.2) Restricted stock awards (12.0) (21.9) (17.6) Pension liability adjustment (6.3) (5.2) (4.2) Treasury stock, at cost (0.4) (1.6) (2.4) Total $(18.3) $(31.1) $(26.4)
37 G. Retirement Plans Pension Benefits Ceridian maintains two defined benefit pension plans for U.S. employees which were closed to new participants effective January 1, 1995. Ceridian's Canadian and UK subsidiaries also have defined benefit pension plans which constitute a minor portion of the amounts in accompanying tables. The plans' assets consist principally of equity securities, U.S. government securities, and other fixed income obligations and do not include securities of the Company. Benefits under these plans are calculated on maximum or career average earnings and years of participation in the plans. U.S. employees participate in these plans by means of salary reduction contributions. Certain former employees are inactive participants in the plans. Employer cash contributions to the U.S. plans amounted to $9.0 in 1996, $9.9 in 1995 and $13.8 in 1994. Retirement plan funding amounts are based on independent consulting actuaries' determination of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA") funding requirements in the U.S. and local statutory requirements in other countries. The obligations for U.S. plans were increased in 1996 as a result of a change in the mortality tables utilized. The Company also sponsors a nonqualified supplemental retirement plan. The projected benefit obligation at September 30, 1996 and 1995 for this plan was $20.7 and $20.0, respectively, and the net periodic pension cost was $2.2 for 1996, $2.3 for 1995, and $2.1 for 1994. The cost recognized by the Company with respect to its defined contribution plans was $7.5 in 1996, $4.9 in 1995, and $3.5 in 1994. Funded Status of Defined Benefit September 30, Retirement Plans at Measurement Date 1996 1995 Actuarial present value of obligation: Vested benefit obligation $ 690.7 $ 662.9 Accumulated benefit obligation $ 691.3 $ 663.5 Projected benefit obligation $ 745.6 $ 712.5 Plan assets at fair value 769.5 730.0 Plan assets in excess of projected benefit obligation 23.9 17.5 Unrecognized net loss 47.5 39.9 Prior service cost 30.0 34.3 Unrecognized net asset (7.7) (10.3) Net pension asset recognized in the consolidated balance sheet $ 93.7 $ 81.4
The assumptions used in determining the funded status information are as follows: Rate of Long-term Rate Discount Rate Salary Progression of Return on Assets U.S. International U.S. International U.S. International 1996 7.75% 8.0% 4.5% 6.0 - 6.5% 9.5% 8.0 - 9.0% 1995 7.50% 8.0% 4.5% 6.0 - 6.5% 9.0% 8.0 - 9.0% 1994 8.25% 7.5 - 8.0% 4.5% 6.0 - 7.0% 9.0% 8.0 - 9.0%
Net Periodic Pension Cost (Credit) 1996 1995 1994 Service cost $ 5.9 $ 6.2 $ 6.1 Interest cost on projected benefit obligation 54.3 53.5 51.5 Actual return on plan assets (70.2) (103.2) (14.7) Net amortization and deferral 9.2 46.0 (41.8) Total $ (0.8) $ 2.5 $ 1.1
38 Postretirement Benefits Ceridian provides health care and life insurance benefits for eligible retired employees, including individuals who retired from operations of the Company that were subsequently sold or discontinued. The Company sponsors several health care plans in the U.S. for both pre- and post-age 65 retirees. Company contributions to these plans differ for various groups of retirees and future retirees. Employees hired on or after January 1, 1992, will be allowed to enroll in company- sponsored plans at retirement, but receive no company subsidy. For employees hired before January 1, 1992, and retiring in 1992 or later, the Company subsidizes pre-age 65 coverage only. The Company's subsidy is a fixed dollar contribution determined at retirement equal to 2.5% of the catastrophic plan cost for each year of service. Employees who retired prior to 1992 are subject to various cost- sharing policies depending on when retirement began and eligibility for Medicare. This is a closed group of retirees. Most retirees outside the United States are covered by governmental health care programs, and the Company's cost is not significant. The following tables present the funded status and the components of the net periodic postretirement benefit cost for the plans. The Company does not prefund these costs. Funded Status of Postretirement Health Care and Life Plans December 31, 1996 1995 Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation: Retirees $42.0 $45.4 Fully eligible active participants 3.6 4.1 Other active participants 7.3 8.2 52.9 57.7 Unrecognized net gain (loss) 3.1 (1.6) Accrued benefits cost $56.0 $56.1 Current portion $ 6.0 $ 6.0 Noncurrent portion 50.0 50.1 Total $56.0 $56.1
Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost 1996 1995 1994 Service cost $ 0.2 $ 0.2 $ 0.3 Interest cost 3.8 4.2 4.0 Other 0.3 (1.1) - Net periodic benefit cost $ 4.3 $ 3.3 $ 4.3
The assumed health care cost trend rate used in measuring the benefit obligation is 12% pre-age 65 and 8% post-age 65 in 1996, declining at a rate of 1% per year to an ultimate rate of 5.75% in 2003 pre-age 65 and 1999 post-age 65. A one percent increase in this rate in each year would increase the benefit obligation at December 31, 1996 by $3.9 and the aggregate service and interest cost for 1996 by $0.3. The weighted average discount rates used in determining the benefit obligation at December 31, 1996 and 1995 are 7.5% and 7%, respectively. 39 H. Stock Plans During the three-year period ended December 31, 1996, Ceridian provided stock-based compensation plans to directors, officers and other employees. The 1996 Director Performance Incentive Plan, which succeeds a similar plan, authorizes the issuance of up to 125,000 shares in connection with awards of stock options and non-performance restricted stock to non-employee directors of the Company. An annual grant of an option to purchase 1,500 shares will be made to each eligible director which will become exercisable six months after date of grant. The exercise price of the options is the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of grant, and the options expire in ten years. A one-time award of non-performance restricted shares will be made to each future outside director when the director first joins the Board. The number of shares awarded will have a fair market value equal to four times the then current annual retainer paid to non-employee directors. The restrictions will ordinarily lapse ratably over a five-year period. The 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended ("1993 LTIP") authorizes the issuance until February 1999 of up to 6,000,000 common shares in connection with awards of stock options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights and performance units to executive and key managerial, technical and sales employees. Options remain outstanding under a predecessor plan subject to similar terms. The 1994 Stock Option Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 500,000 common shares in connection with awards of stock options to key employees of businesses acquired by Ceridian. Stock options awarded under these plans generally vest annually over a three-year period, have 10-year terms and have an exercise price that may not be less than the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of grant. Under the terms of the 1993 LTIP, senior executives have been awarded performance restricted shares, which are generally eligible to vest in three installments in 1996, 1997 and 1998, provided the executive is still employed by the Company on the vesting dates. Vesting will occur only to the extent that the total return to holders of Ceridian common stock over two, three and four year performance periods ending on April 30 in those years meets certain prescribed levels as compared to other companies in the S&P 500. Of the shares eligible to vest on any given date, generally 25% of the shares would vest if the Company's total return to stockholders over the applicable performance period is at least at the 60th percentile of companies in the S&P 500, 50% would vest at the 75th percentile, and 100% would vest at the 90th percentile. If the 60th percentile is not achieved, no shares would vest on that date. Shares which have not yet vested as of the end of the final performance period will be forfeited. The number of performance restricted shares awarded, net of forfeitures, as of December 31, 1996 was 854,875, of which 251,620 vested in 1996. The employee plans also provide for the accelerated exercisability of options and the accelerated lapse of transfer restrictions on restricted stock if a participant's employment terminates for specified reasons within two years of a change of control of the Company. In June 1995, the Company adopted the Employee Stock Purchase Plan Weighted- Average Option Price Available Exercise Price Stock Plans Per Share Outstanding Exercisable for Grant of Outstanding At December 31, 1993 $7.09 -$40.24 3,554,483 1,093,749 2,011,994 Authorized 500,000 Granted 19.13 - 26.38 1,388,855 (1,388,855) Became exercisable 7.52 - 23.63 731,702 Exercised 7.52 - 24.45 (462,462) (462,462) Canceled 7.52 - 24.13 (261,394) (4,278) 265,821 Expired 24.44 - 40.24 (5,928) (5,928) (1,895) Restricted stock, net (830,000) At December 31, 1994 $7.09 -$31.74 4,213,554 1,352,783 557,065 Authorized 3,000,000 Resumix conversion 1.77 - 35.40 104,642 32,448 Comdata conversion 10.52 - 30.04 1,083,136 584,248 Granted 24.13 - 45.50 1,049,282 (1,049,282) Became exercisable 2.65 - 34.88 1,012,481 Exercised 1.77 - 26.38 (613,376) (613,376) Canceled 2.65 - 41.25 (141,906) (1,481) 129,824 Expired 16.27 (3,574) (3,574) Restricted stock, net (97,500) At December 31, 1995 $1.77 -$45.50 5,691,758 2,363,529 2,540,107 21.29 Authorized 125,000 EAS conversion 6.17 50,327 49,233 Granted 37.25 - 52.25 1,560,925 (1,560,925) 47.52 Became exercisable 2.65 - 47.25 1,119,502 Exercised 1.77 - 41.25 (1,680,655) (1,680,655) Canceled 2.65 - 50.75 (317,242) (3,608) 269,628 14.11 Expired 21.05 - 21.06 (3,551) (3,551) (18,000) 31.38 Restricted stock, net 63,946 21.05 Directors' retirement (19,142) Performance units (20,000) At December 31, 1996 $1.77 -$52.25 5,301,562 1,844,450 1,380,614 30.55
40 ("ESPP") which provides for the issuance of up to 500,000 shares of newly issued or treasury common stock of Ceridian to eligible employees. The purchase price of the stock to plan participants is 85% of the lesser of the fair market value on either the first day or the last day of the applicable three-month offering period. The acquisitions of EAS Technologies in 1996 and Comdata and Resumix in 1995 resulted in the assumption by Ceridian of the stock option plans of those companies and the conversion of stock options under those plans into Ceridian stock options as indicated in the table on the previous page. In July 1994, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase by the Company of up to 2,000,000 of its outstanding common shares for the purpose of providing shares to be issued under the Company's stock-based compensation plans, thereby reducing dilution of common stockholders' equity. Since that date, the Company has repurchased 653,514 common shares for this purpose. As reported in Note A, the Company has adopted the disclosure-only provisions of FAS 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" and continues to account for stock-based compensation as in prior years. Therefore, no compensation expense is recorded with respect to the Company's stock option or employee stock purchase plans, and compensation expense of $8.7 in 1996, $11.3 in 1995 and $5.9 in 1994 was charged to operations in connection with restricted stock awards. The following information is provided with respect to the provisions of FAS 123. Weighted-average exercise prices for 1996 stock option activity and options outstanding at December 31, 1996 and 1995 are included in the Stock Plans table on the previous page. Further information on outstanding and exercisable stock options by exercise price range as of December 31, 1996 is disclosed in the table below. Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Weighted Average Weighted Weighted- Remaining Average Average Range of Number Contractual Exercise Number Exercise Exercise Prices Outstanding Life Price Exercisable Price $ 1.77 - $ 9.99 397,075 5.01 $ 7.88 395,762 $ 7.89 $10.52 - $15.13 823,421 5.68 $14.31 692,543 $14.40 $16.11 - $22.13 821,524 7.26 $19.31 403,412 $19.04 $23.25 - $33.00 843,480 7.84 $25.10 285,022 $24.94 $34.88 - $52.25 2,416,062 9.36 $45.53 67,711 $42.83 $ 1.77 - $52.25 5,301,562 7.90 $30.55 1,844,450 $16.69
The Company is required to report the pro forma effect on net earnings and earnings per share for 1996 and 1995 which would have resulted if the fair-value method of accounting for stock-based compensation issued in those years had been adopted. Stock-based compensation issued prior to 1995 is not included in the pro forma calculation. The application of the fair-value method would have resulted in the determination of compensation cost for grants of stock options and purchases under the ESPP and would have eliminated the repricing of unvested awards of other equity instruments from the related compensation cost. Such compensation cost would then be allocated to the related period of service. Employing the fair value method in accounting for the stock-based compensation would have reduced the Company's net earnings and earnings per share by $11.4 or $0.14 per share for 1996 and $1.2 or $0.02 per share for 1995. Since 1995 stock option grants largely occurred in November and are amortized forward over the expected lives, the pro forma effect on 1995 earnings will not be comparable with those in subsequent years. The pro forma impact on earnings can be expected to increase each year as a greater percentage of outstanding stock options represents awards made in 1995 or later, and therefore are included in the calculation. The fair value of each stock option granted during 1996 and 1995 has been estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions used: expected lives of 4 to 8 years, expected volatility of 26.0%, no dividends and risk-free interest rate of 6.0%. The weighted-average fair values for grants, awards and purchases of stock-based compensation in 1996 appear in the following table. Shares Fair Granted Value Stock options 1,560,925 $13.46 Other equity instruments 86,000 $31.29 ESPP 174,139 $ 4.41
41 I. Financing Arrangements On December 12, 1995, Ceridian concluded a three-year, $325.0 revolving credit facility with a commercial bank syndicate. Borrowings under the credit facility were used to retire the public debt of Comdata, comprised of principal amounts of $130.0 and $75.0 of its 12.5% Senior Notes due 1999 and 13.25% Senior Subordinated Debentures due 2002, respectively, and $6.2 principal amount of its 11% Junior Subordinated Extendible Notes due 1997. The retirement was accomplished by means of the purchase, as a result of tender offers, of $128.7 of the Senior Notes and $74.9 of the Senior Subordinated Debentures. The remainder of those issues and all of the Junior Notes, which were called for redemption on December 29, 1995, were retired through an in-substance defeasance which involved the deposit of $8.2 in defeasance trusts. The $325.0 revolving credit facility is unsecured but is guaranteed by Comdata, and has a final maturity of November 30, 1998. The full amount of the credit facility may be used for revolving loan advances and up to $75.0 may be used to obtain standby letters of credit. At December 31, 1996, the amounts of advances and letters of credit outstanding were $135.0 and $1.4, respectively, and the interest rate for advances, determined by a number of factors, was approximately 6.0%. Under the terms of the facility, the Company must maintain a minimum consolidated net worth, which is subject to increase based on the Company's net earnings after December 31, 1995 and certain equity contributions to the Company after the same date. Ceridian must also maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of 2.25 to 1 and limit consolidated debt to 3 times earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization minus capital expenditures and preferred dividends on a rolling four quarter basis. The Company is subject to additional covenants which limit liens, contingent obligations, operating leases, minority equity investments and divestitures. The Company is in compliance with all covenants associated with this credit facility. December 31, Debt Obligations 1996 1995 Revolving credit agreements and overdrafts $135.0 $195.0 Mortgages payable 5.9 6.0 Other long-term debt obligations 3.2 8.9 Total debt obligations 144.1 209.9 Less short-term debt and current portions of long-term debt 2.0 4.6 Long-term obligations, less current portions $142.1 $205.3
Aggregate Amounts of Maturities at December 31, 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Thereafter Total Mortgages payable $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 5.4 $ 5.9 Revolving credit - 135.0 - - - - 135.0 Other 1.9 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 - 3.2 Total $ 2.0 $135.7 $ 0.4 $ 0.3 $ 0.3 $ 5.4 $ 144.1
42 J. Investing Activity During 1996, Ceridian acquired several small businesses related to its Information Services operations. Acquisitions accounted for by the pooling-of-interests method included EAS Technologies, a provider of advanced automated time and attendance software solutions; Employee Assistance Associates, a provider of employee assistance programs; The Partnership Group, a provider of work-life services; and Washington Consulting Services & Technologies, a provider of human resource software applications, consulting and seminar services to the U.S. federal government and other customers. The Company's financial statements prior to the date of acquisition were not restated for these pooling acquisitions since the aggregate effect for any period would not be material. Acquisitions accounted for by the purchase method included Information Learning Systems, a provider of human resources management expert systems; the payroll services unit of Compower Limited in the UK; Transportation Communication Consulting and its affiliate, Inter- point Management Company, which provide permit and vehicle escort services to trucking companies; and TIC Financial Services, which provides financial and information services for the transportation industry. In addition, the Company acquired in a stock-for-stock transaction a minority equity interest in International Automated Energy Systems ("IAES"), a provider of fuel management and payment systems for local trucking fleets. The acquisition agreement, as amended, also provided for advances to IAES of up to $8.8 ($4.6 of which was advanced in 1996), repayable by December 31, 2000, and an option to Ceridian to acquire the remaining equity of IAES during 1997. The Company also purchased technical engineering and maintenance systems software and certain related contracts from PRC Aviation LLC for cash and made additional investments in its DigitalXpress joint venture in connection with its defense electronics operations. The aggregate consideration for these acquisitions and investments consisted of $36.4 in cash and 698,168 shares of the Company's common stock. The expected 1997 revenue contribution from these operations is approximately $60.0. In 1995, Ceridian acquired Comdata, a leading provider of transaction processing services to the trucking and gaming industries, in a subsidiary merger transaction that resulted in the exchange of 0.57 of a share of Ceridian common stock for each outstanding share of Comdata common stock, for a total issuance of 20,472,176 Ceridian shares. Also in 1995, the Company acquired Resumix, a company that provides skills management software and services, in a subsidiary merger transaction in which the outstanding shares of Resumix capital stock were exchanged for 849,010 newly issued shares of Ceridian common stock. The mergers qualified as tax-free reorganizations and were accounted for by the pooling-of-interests method. Accordingly, the Company's financial statements were restated to include the results of Comdata and Resumix as if the mergers had taken place on the first day of the earliest reported period. In connection with the mergers, Ceridian incurred $29.7 in pooling expenses, including fees for investment bankers and legal firms in addition to other acquisition costs. In purchase transactions during 1995, Ceridian acquired the assets of the Centre-file personnel and payroll services business in the UK for $52.1 in cash, and Comdata acquired the stock of Trendar Corporation, which provides transaction processing services to the transportation industry, for $12.7 in cash and a $1.5 note which was paid in March 1996. Comdata also sold the net assets of its retail services division, which provided check authorization and collection services, for $3.5 in cash. In 1994, Ceridian sold TeleMoney Services and related network and computer center operations, for $24.3 of net cash proceeds and purchased all of the outstanding stock of Tesseract Corporation for $54.3 in cash, net of cash acquired of $7.2. 43 K. Segment Data Industry Segments The two industry segments of Ceridian are Information Services and Defense Electronics. The Information Services segment consists of Arbitron, Comdata, and the Human Resources Group. The Information Services businesses collect, manage and analyze data and process transactions on behalf of customers in the human resources, transportation, gaming, and electronic media markets and report information resulting from such activities to customers. The products and services provided by the Information Services businesses address specific information management and transaction processing needs of other businesses to enable them to operate more efficiently. These products and services are typically provided through long-term customer relationships that result in a high level of recurring revenue. Information Services' 1995 earnings before interest and taxes were reduced by pooling expenses of $29.7 related to the acquisitions of Comdata and Resumix. The Defense Electronics segment, consisting of Computing Devices International, provides mission-critical electronics, software, systems integration and information management for defense and other government agencies and commercial customers in selected markets. The "other" category represents corporate center operations and unallocated assets, primarily cash and short-term investments. Intersegment sales are not material. Information Defense Industry Segment Data Services Electronics Other Consolidated 1996 Revenue $ 942.6 $ 553.0 $ - $ 1,495.6 Earnings (Loss) before interest and taxes $ 155.5 $ 41.0 $ 3.1 $ 199.6 Identifiable assets $ 788.8 $ 355.4 $ 106.9 $ 1,251.1 Capital expenditures $ 33.7 $ 18.2 $ 0.8 $ 52.7 Depreciation $ 30.5 $ 12.9 $ 1.0 $ 44.4 1995 Revenue $ 823.5 $ 509.5 $ - $ 1,333.0 Earnings (Loss) before interest and taxes $ 108.6 $ 33.7 $ (7.6) $ 134.7 Identifiable assets $ 707.5 $ 294.9 $ 123.7 $ 1,126.1 Capital expenditures $ 39.1 $ 12.0 $ 1.9 $ 53.0 Depreciation $ 26.6 $ 11.6 $ 0.9 $ 39.1 1994 Revenue $ 691.5 $ 486.3 $ - $ 1,177.8 Earnings (Loss) before interest and taxes $ 116.7 $ 30.6 $ (10.6) $ 136.7 Identifiable assets $ 534.3 $ 210.0 $ 233.2 $ 977.5 Capital expenditures $ 31.9 $ 13.4 $ 0.6 $ 45.9 Depreciation $ 20.2 $ 10.1 $ 1.6 $ 31.9
Major Customers Revenue in 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively, includes sales under prime contracts or subcontracts to the U.S. government of $222.7, $214.9 and $225.8 and the Canadian government of $237.5, $212.9 and $199.3, substantially all of which are reported in the Defense Electronics segment. Of the sales to the Canadian government, $172.1 in 1996, $163.9 in 1995 and $153.8 in 1994 were from the Iris contract. 44 Geographic Segment Data United International Consolidated States 1996 Revenue $ 1,129.2 $ 366.4 $ 1,495.6 Earnings before interest and taxes $ 176.4 $ 23.2 $ 199.6 Identifiable assets $ 949.7 $ 301.4 $ 1,251.1 1995 Revenue $ 1,037.2 $ 295.8 $ 1,333.0 Earnings before interest and taxes $ 118.0 $ 16.7 $ 134.7 Identifiable assets $ 862.7 $ 263.4 $ 1,126.1 1994 Revenue $ 919.7 $ 258.1 $ 1,177.8 Earnings before interest and taxes $ 120.6 $ 16.1 $ 136.7 Identifiable assets $ 841.6 $ 135.9 $ 977.5
Geographic Segments The Company's international operations consist of defense electronics operations in Canada and the UK and a payroll processing business in the UK acquired in October 1995. The amounts of the parent company's equity in net assets of and advances to international subsidiaries and branches were $106.6 and $107.7 at December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively. L. Leasing Arrangements as Lessee Ceridian conducts a substantial portion of its operations in leased facilities. Most such leases contain renewal options and require payments for taxes, insurance, and maintenance. Downsizing activities in prior years have resulted in assignment of leases under which Ceridian remains secondarily liable for future rental obligations totaling $23.7 at December 31, 1996. The Company does not anticipate any material non-performance by the assignees of these leases, which principally involve Control Data Systems, Inc. and Seagate Technology, Inc. Virtually all leasing arrangements for equipment and facilities are operating leases and the rental payments under these leases are charged to operations as incurred. The amounts in the accompanying tables do not include assigned leases or obligations recorded as liabilities as the result of restructuring actions in prior years. The amounts of rental expense and sublease income for each of the three years ended December 31, 1996 appear in the following table. Rental Expense 1996 1995 1994 Rental expense $43.6 $45.0 $44.8 Sublease rental income (2.0) (2.9) (2.7) Net rental expense $41.6 $42.1 $42.1
45 Future minimum noncancelable lease payments and related sublease income, on operating leases existing at December 31, 1996 which have an initial term of more than one year, are described in the following table. Future Minimum Lease Payments Sublease Lease Rental Payments Income Net 1997 39.7 (0.9) 38.8 1998 33.1 (0.5) 32.6 1999 28.6 (0.4) 28.2 2000 24.5 (0.3) 24.2 2001 18.8 - 18.8 Thereafter 45.5 - 45.5
M. Commitments and Contingencies COMMITMENTS In January 1995, Ceridian entered into a technology services agreement with Integrated Systems Solutions Corporation ("ISSC"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of IBM Corporation. Under the technology services agreement, whose term extends through December 31, 2004, ISSC will provide centralized computer processing services required by the Ceridian's payroll processing business for customers nationwide. The future minimum noncancelable annual charges payable by the Company are $4.8 in 1997 and $3.3 in 1998. Comdata contracted with ISSC in 1991 for substantially all data processing functions for a term of ten years. In 1995, the agreement was amended to change the minimum monthly payment to $1.6 in 1996 and $1.4 thereafter. The amount of expense incurred under this contract was $16.0 in 1996, $13.9 in 1995 and $11.2 in 1994. Cancellation of the agreement for convenience in 1997 would require payment of a termination fee of $19.7. Under a Telecommunications Services Agreement with Worldcom, renewed in 1995 and amended in 1996, Comdata agreed to purchase a minimum of $13.0 of long distance services and 80% of such services (as defined) up to $24.0 each year until 2003. Purchases charged to expense under this Agreement amounted to $22.5 in 1996, $18.5 in 1995 and $13.7 in 1994. Cancellation of the agreement for convenience would result in a payment to Worldcom of $17.1. In October 1996, Comdata entered into a three-year contract for long distance telephone services with AT&T Corporation with an minimum noncancelable annual net commitment of $3.0. Cancellation for convenience would require a payment equal to the unused commitment. INTEREST RATE COLLARS During 1996, Ceridian maintained in effect seven interest rate collars of $100.0 each for the purpose of hedging interest rate risk on invested customer deposits held in its tax filing trust. The counterparties to these arrangements are domestic commercial banks with debt ratings of A or better. Under current accounting standards, neither the collar arrangements nor the related trust investments and offsetting liability to customers are reflected in the Company's balance sheet. These arrangements, which do not require collateral, provide for the banks to pay Ceridian the amount by which a certain index of short-term interest rates falls below a floor strike level. Alternatively, when that index exceeds a cap strike level, Ceridian pays out the excess above the cap strike level. At December 31, 1996, the remaining terms of the collars range from 5 to 41 months, the floor strike level is either 5% or 5.5%, and the cap strike level ranges from 5.97% to 8.15% with an average of 7.19%. The risk of accounting loss through non-performance by the counterparties under any of these arrangements is considered negligible. OTHER MATTERS In connection with the spin-off of Control Data Systems, Ceridian agreed to indemnify the U.S. Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ("PBGC") if the Control Data Systems defined benefit pension plan is terminated in a distress termination and the PBGC is unable to recover the full amount of any unfunded benefit liabilities. The amount of this contingent liability decreased from $16.0 to $12.0 on July 31, 1996 and will continue to decrease by $4.0 each July 31 until 1999. Ceridian monitors all such contingent liabilities and has established restructure or other reserves for those which it believes are probable of payment. With respect to these contingent obligations, Ceridian believes that there is not a material exposure to an accounting loss as of December 31, 1996. 46 N. Legal Matters Retirement Plan Litigation In August 1995, Ceridian and its primary defined benefit pension plan maintained for certain U.S. employees (the "Plan") were named as co- defendants in a lawsuit filed in U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota. The two plaintiffs left the employ of the Company in 1989 and elected at that time to receive their vested benefit under the Plan in the form of a single enhanced lump sum payment. They allege that an improperly high interest (discount) rate was utilized to calculate the lump sum benefit amounts, thereby lowering the benefit amounts, in contravention of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, the Plan and the defendants' fiduciary duties. Ceridian and the plaintiffs have stipulated to a class of persons who elected to receive a lump sum benefit under the Plan. Ceridian believes that the proper methodology was consistently utilized in calculating lump sum benefit payments at all times since that feature was introduced into the Plan in 1989, has denied the plaintiffs' allegations, and has moved for summary judgment. Moreover, any finding in favor of the plaintiffs would not likely have a direct financial effect on Ceridian, but rather would result in an increase in Plan liabilities that is not currently estimable. Such an increase in Plan liabilities would, in turn, become one of many factors affecting the funded status of the Plan. The funded status of the Plan, in turn, is one of many factors affecting the determination of Ceridian's obligation (if any) to make an annual contribution to the Plan and the determination of its annual pension expense (if any) attributable to the Plan. Unclaimed Property Examination Comdata's services for the trucking and gaming industries require it to process millions of transactions annually over its network. In processing these transactions, Comdata depends to a significant degree on the accuracy of data supplied by its customers and the observance by third parties involved in the transactions of proper data entry procedures. In a very small portion of these transactions, final settlement may not occur, resulting in Comdata ostensibly receiving unapplied funds. Final settlement may fail to occur for a variety of reasons, including the failure of drafts to clear in the ordinary course of business, Comdata's inability to match customer remittances with specific transactions or to otherwise reconcile accounts and/or transactions, and the disproportionate cost of resolving relatively small dollar amount credit balances. It is Comdata's policy to take the amount of such unsettled transactions into revenue as earned for goods and services rendered if the transactions are not definitively settled within a period of twelve months through the assertion of valid claims or otherwise reconciled. It has been Comdata's experience that an insignificant number of claims for unapplied funds are asserted after such twelve month period. The amount of unsettled transactions included in Comdata's 1996, 1995 and 1994 revenue was $16.8, $14.2 and $8.7, respectively. In late 1996, Comdata was advised that the Unclaimed Property Division of the State Street Bank and Trust Company of Boston has been retained by 48 states and the District of Columbia to examine Comdata's records and to collect any applicable abandoned property on behalf of the governmental entities. It is expected that State Street's on-site examination at Comdata will begin during the first quarter 1997. The extent of Comdata's potential liability, if any, to states under unclaimed property laws or to customers with respect to such unsettled transactions, or the impact of any future changes in Comdata's accounting policies with respect to such transactions, is not presently determinable. 47 Age Discrimination Litigation On March 5, 1997, the Company announced that it had agreed to settle lawsuits brought by 313 former employees who were terminated during the period 1987-1990, and who had filed suit against Ceridian in U.S. District Court in Minnesota in 1990 alleging violations of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. Under an agreement in which Ceridian denied any wrongdoing, plaintiffs and their attorneys will be paid $28.5, with $24.0 to be paid by Ceridian and $4.5 to be paid by Control Data Systems, Inc. Ceridian expects that the portion of its share of the settlement attributable to employees of its former Imprimis Technology Incorporated subsidiary will be recoverable from the purchaser of that subsidiary. As to the remainder of Ceridian's share of the settlement, a portion will be covered by reserves that had been established in June 1994 and the balance is expected to reduce Ceridian's first quarter 1997 earnings by approximately $0.15 per share. Other Matters The Company is also involved in a number of other judicial and administrative proceedings considered normal in the nature of its current and past operations, including employment-related disputes, contract disputes and tort claims. It is anticipated that final disposition of some of these proceedings may not occur for several years. In the opinion of management, the final disposition of these proceedings will not, considering the merits of the claims and available reserves, have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. 48 Supplementary Quarterly Data (Unaudited) (Dollars in millions, except per share data) 1996 1995 4th 3rd 2nd 1st 4th 3rd 2nd 1st Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Revenue $404.1 $361.0 $361.5 $369.0 $361.5 $317.9 $327.4 $326.2 Cost of revenue 239.5 212.0 217.6 215.8 216.9 189.4 198.4 195.6 Gross profit 164.6 149.0 43.9 153.2 144.6 128.5 129.0 130.6 Selling, general and administrative 93.2 81.9 81.3 83.2 91.5 71.5 74.7 72.2 Research and development 17.8 18.7 16.4 16.5 13.4 13.1 13.8 14.2 Other expense (income) (1) 0.3 (0.1) 1.1 0.8 32.8 0.6 0.7 (0.5) Earnings before interest and taxes 53.3 48.5 45.1 52.7 6.9 43.3 39.8 44.7 Interest income 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.9 2.6 3.9 2.9 2.7 Interest expense (2.5) (2.4) (2.6) (3.1) (7.3) (7.7) (7.9) (7.7) Earnings before income taxes 52.6 47.7 44.4 51.5 2.2 39.5 34.8 39.7 Income tax provision 3.3 3.3 3.6 4.1 3.0 5.9 5.5 4.3 Earnings (Loss) before extraordinary item 49.3 44.4 40.8 47.4 (0.8) 33.6 29.3 35.4 Extraordinary loss (2) - - - - 38.9 - - - Net earnings (loss) $ 49.3 $ 44.4 $ 40.8 $ 47.4 $(39.7) $ 33.6 $ 29.3 $ 35.4 Earnings (Loss) per share (3) Primary $ 0.65 $ 0.59 $ 0.53 $ 0.63 $(0.06) $ 0.44 $ 0.38 $ 0.47 Fully diluted $ 0.61 $ 0.55 $ 0.50 $ 0.59 $(0.06) $ 0.42 $ 0.37 $ 0.45 Shares used in calculations (in thousands) (4) Primary 70,928 70,393 70,634 70,122 66,258 69,592 69,042 68,631 Fully diluted 81,312 80,777 81,018 80,506 66,258 79,976 79,426 79,015 Common Stock-per share Market price ranges (5) High 53 1/8 51 3/8 54 7/8 46 7/8 47 1/2 46 7/8 37 5/8 34 1/2 Low 39 41 5/8 42 1/2 37 36 5/8 36 3/4 31 5/8 26 1/8 No cash dividends have been declared on common stock dur ing the periods presented.
(1) Includes pooling expenses of $29.7 related to Resumix and Comdata mergers. (2) For details on the early retirement of debt, see Notes B and I to the consolidated financial statements. (3) Net earnings (loss) for calculation of primary earnings (loss) per share does not include the extraordinary loss and has been reduced by preferred dividends. Fully diluted results per share may not be more favorable than primary. (4) For calculation of a loss per share, common stock equivalents and the assumed conversion of preferred stock are ignored. (5) Source: New York Stock Exchange-Composite Transactions. 49
EX-21 14 SUBSIDIARIES OF THE COMPANY Exhibit 21 CERIDIAN CORPORATION SUBSIDIARIES DECEMBER 31, 1996 State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation CD Plus S.A. France Ceridian Holdings U.K. Limited United Kingdom Centre-file Limited (f/k/a Datacarrer Limited) United Kingdom Comdata Holdings Corporation Delaware Comdata Network, Inc. Maryland Cashcall Systems, Inc. Canada Comdata Telecommunications Services, Inc. Delaware Permicom Permits Services, Inc. Canada Trendar Corporation Tennessee Computing Devices Canada Ltd. Canada Computing Devices Company Limited (Hastings) United Kingdom Computing Devices International Satellite Services, Inc. Delaware EAS Technologies Inc. Delaware Employee Assistance Associates, Inc. Michigan Minidata Services, Inc. New Jersey Paragon Imaging, Inc. Florida Partnership Group, Inc., The Pennsylvania Resource Management Software Corporation Washington Resumix, Inc. California Scarborough Research (General Partnership) Delaware Tesseract Corporation California User Technology Services Inc. New York Washington Consulting Services & Technologies, Inc. Washington Certain subsidiaries, which in the aggregate would not constitute a significant subsidiary, are omitted from this listing. EX-23.01 15 EXHIBIT 23.01 Exhibit 23.01 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS The Board of Directors of Ceridian Corporation: We consent to incorporation by reference in Registration Statements Nos. 33-49601, 33-61551, 33-34035, 2-97570, 2-67753, 33-56833, 33-15920, 2-81865, 2-93345, 33-26839, 33-54379, 33- 56325, 33-61001, 33-62319, 33-64913, 333-01793, 333-01887 and 333-03661 on Forms S-8 of Ceridian Corporation and in Registration Statement No. 33-56351 on Form S-4 of Ceridian Corporation of our reports dated January 23, 1997, except as to Note N - Age Discrimination Litigation, which is as of March 5, 1997. Such reports relate to the consolidated financial statements and related financial statement schedule of Ceridian Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996 and 1995 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1996 and are included or incorporated by reference in the 1996 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ceridian Corporation. /s/ KPMG Peat Marwick LLP KPMG Peat Marwick LLP Minneapolis, Minnesota March 21, 1997 EX-23.02 16 EXHIBIT 23.02 Exhibit 23.02 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS As independent public accountants, we hereby consent to the use of our report dated January 20, 1996 on the consolidated financial statements of Comdata Holdings Corporation incorporated by reference into Ceridian Corporation's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996, and into Ceridian Corporation's previously filed Registration File Nos. 33-49601, 33-61551, 33- 34035, 2-97570, 2-67753, 33-56833, 33-15920, 2-81865, 2-93345, 33-26839, 33-54379, 33-56325, 33-61001, 33-62319, 33-64913, 333- 01793, 333-01887, 333-03661 and 33-56351. It should be noted that we have not audited any financial statements of Comdata Holdings Corporation subsequent to December 31, 1995 or performed any audit procedures subsequent to the date of our report. /s/ Arthur Andersen LLP ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP Nashville, Tennessee March 19, 1997 EX-24 17 EXHIBIT 24 Exhibit 24 POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that I, the undersigned, a Director of Ceridian Corporation (the "Company"), a Delaware corporation, do hereby make, nominate and appoint JOHN R. EICKHOFF, STEVEN J. OLSON and JOHN A. HAVEMAN, and each of them, to be my attorney in fact for three months from the date hereof, with full power and authority to sign his name on the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; provided that such Form 10-K is first reviewed by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company and by my attorney in fact; and his name, when thus signed, shall have the same force and effect as though I had manually signed such Form 10-K. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have signed this Power of Attorney as of January 30, 1997. /s/Lawrence Perlman /s/George R. Lewis Lawrence Perlman George R. Lewis /s/Ruth M. Davis /s/Charles Marshall Ruth M. Davis Charles Marshall /s/Allen W. Dawson /s/Carole J. Uhrich Allen W. Dawson Carole J. Uhrich /s/Richard G. Lareau /s/Richard W. Vieser Richard G. Lareau Richard W. Vieser /s/Paul S. Walsh Paul S. Walsh EX-27 18 ART. 5 FDS FOR 1996
5 1000 Dec-31-1996 Dec-31-1996 YEAR 169,200 0 393,400 11,400 47,600 613,600 352,000 223,000 1,251,100 624,800 142,100 39,900 0 0 306,400 1,251,100 620,800 1,495,600 440,300 884,900 2,100 0 10,600 196,200 14,300 181,900 0 0 0 181,900 2.39 2.25
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