The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Chembio and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Certain reclassifications have been made to the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of the prior year to conform to the current year presentation. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in Chembio’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the SEC.

The Company continued to experience market, clinical trial and regulatory complications in seeking to develop and commercialize a portfolio of COVID-19 test systems during the continuing, but evolving, uncertainty resulting from COVID‑19. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company continued to incur significant expenses in connection with pending legal matters (see Note 6 – Commitments, Contingencies, and Concentrations: Litigation).

The Company performed an assessment to determine whether there were conditions or events that, considered in the aggregate, raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are being issued. Initially, this assessment did not consider the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans that had not been fully implemented. Because, as described below, substantial doubt was determined to exist as the result of this initial assessment, management then assessed the mitigating effect of its plans to determine if it is probable that the plans (1) would be effectively implemented within one year after the date the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued and (2) when implemented, would mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company achieved significant revenue growth in recent years while profitability has not been at levels as expected. It has taken steps including investments in automation to mitigate headwinds such as labor availability, volatile capacity planning and implementation of operational efficiency targets to proactively monitor production with the overarching goal for profitable growth. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company undertook measures to increase its total revenues and improve its liquidity position by implementing the Global Competitiveness Program. The main pillars of the Global Competitiveness Program include the following:

In addition, the Company will continue to focus on regulatory approvals for its DPP SARS-CoV-2 Antigen test system, DPP Respiratory Antigen Panel, and DPP HIV-Syphilis test system. These measures and other plans and initiatives have been designed to provide the Company with adequate liquidity to meet its obligations for at least the twelve-month period following the date the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are being issued. The Company’s execution of those measures and its other plans and initiative continue to depend, however, on factors and uncertainties that are beyond the Company’s control, or that may not be addressable on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. The Company considered in particular how:

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The ongoing healthcare and economic impacts of COVID-19 on the global customer base for the Company’s non‑COVID-19 products continue to negatively affect the timing and rate of recovery of the Company’s revenues from those products by, for example, decreasing the allocation of funding for HIV testing, thereby continuing to adversely affect the Company’s liquidity.

The Company further considered how these factors and uncertainties could impact its ability over the next year to meet the obligations specified in the Credit Agreement with the Lender (both as defined in Note 7 – Long-Term Debt). Those obligations include covenants requiring: i) minimum cash balance of $3.0 million and ii) minimum total revenue amounts for the twelve months preceding each quarter end. For the next year, the minimum total revenue requirements range from $43.8 million for the twelve months ending June 30, 2022 to $48.8 million for the twelve months ending March 31, 2023. Upon an event of default under the Credit Agreement, the Lender could elect to declare all amounts outstanding thereunder, together with accrued interest, to be immediately due and payable. In such an event, there can be no assurance that the Company would have sufficient liquidity to fund payment of the amounts that would be due under the Credit Agreement or that, if such liquidity were not available, the Company would be successful in raising additional capital on acceptable terms, or at all, or in completing any other endeavor to continue to be financially viable and continue as a going concern. The Company’s inability to raise additional capital on acceptable terms in the near future, whether for purposes of funding payments required under the Credit Agreement or providing additional liquidity needed for its operations, could have a material adverse effect on its business, prospects, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.

Accordingly, management determined the Company could not be certain that the Company’s plans and initiatives would be effectively implemented within one year after the date on which the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are being issued. Without giving effect to the prospect of raising additional capital pursuant to the Company’s At the Market Offering Agreement dated July 19, 2021 with Chembio Diagnostics, Inc. and Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC, increasing product revenue in the near future or executing other mitigating plans, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, it is unlikely that the Company will be able to generate sufficient cash flows to meet its required financial obligations, including its debt service and other obligations due to third parties. The existence of these conditions raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for the twelve-month period following the date on which the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are being issued.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business for the twelve-month period following the date the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. As such, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of assets and their carrying amounts, or the amount and classification of liabilities that may result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

The carrying values for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments. Included in cash and cash equivalents were $ 17.1 million and $25.0 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, of money market funds that are Level 1 fair value measurements under the hierarchy. The fair value of the Company’s total debt of $20.0 million (carrying value of $18.9 million) and $20.0 million (carrying value of $18.8 million) as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 respectively, is a Level 2 fair value measurement under the hierarchy and the Company’s debt face value approximates the recorded value, as the rate is based upon the current rates available to the Company for similar financial instruments.

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period excluding unvested restricted stock. Diluted loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 reflects the potential dilution from the exercise or conversion of other securities into common stock, if dilutive.

At the end of each interim reporting period, the Company estimates its effective tax rate expected to be applied for the full year. This estimate is used to determine the income tax provision or benefit on a year-to-date basis, and may change in subsequent interim periods. Accordingly, the Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was (0.1)%, compared to the effective tax rate of 1.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The Company’s effective tax rates for both periods were affected primarily by a full valuation allowance on domestic net deferred tax assets.

In November 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance, which creates Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 832 and aims to provide increased transparency by requiring business entities to disclose information about certain types of government assistance they receive in the notes to the financial statements. The disclosure requirements in ASC 832 only apply to transactions with a government that are accounted for by analogizing to either a grant model (for example, in International Accounting Standard 20, Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance), or a contribution model (for example, in ASC 958-605, Not-for-Profit Entities – Revenue Recognition). The FASB broadly defined “government assistance” in ASC 832 to ensure that assistance received from most types of governmental entities or other related organizations would be disclosed. Entities are required to provide the new disclosures prospectively for all transactions with a government entity that are accounted for under either a grant or a contribution accounting model and are reflected in the financial statements at the date of initially applying the new amendments, and to new transactions entered into after that date. Retrospective application of the guidance is permitted. The Company adopted the standard effective January 1, 2022 and has determined that the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

On August 5, 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. The ASU is part of the FASB’s simplification initiative, which aims to reduce unnecessary complexity in GAAP. ASU 2020-06 simplifies the guidance in GAAP on the issuer’s accounting for convertible debt instruments, requires entities to provide expanded disclosures about “the terms and features of convertible instruments” and how the instruments have been reported in the entity’s financial statements. It also removes from ASC 815-40-25-10 certain conditions for equity classification and amends certain guidance in ASC 260 on the computation of EPS for convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. An entity can use either a full or modified retrospective approach to adopt the ASU’s guidance. The ASU’s amendments are effective for smaller public business entities fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. The Company continues to assess the potential impact of the standard and will disclose the nature and reason for any elections that the Company makes.

On October 28, 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08,1 which amends ASC 805 to “require acquiring entities to apply Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination.” Under current GAAP, an acquirer generally recognizes such items at fair value on the acquisition date. ASU 2021-08 amends ASC 805 to add contract assets and contract liabilities to the list of exceptions to the recognition and measurement principles that apply to business combinations and to “require that an entity (acquirer) recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606.” While primarily related to contract assets and contract liabilities that were accounted for by the acquiree in accordance with ASC 606, “the amendments also apply to contract assets and contract liabilities from other contracts to which the provisions of Topic 606 apply, such as contract liabilities from the sale of nonfinancial assets within the scope of Subtopic 610-20.” The ASU’s amendments are effective for public business entities for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments. The Company continues to assess the potential impact of the standard and will disclose the nature and reason for any elections that the Company makes.