Franchises, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Indefinite-lived and finite-lived intangible assets consist of the following as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:



	June 30, 2018							December 31, 2017
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Franchises	$	67,319	$	—		$	67,319	$	67,319	$	—		$	67,319
Goodwill	29,554		—			29,554		29,554		—			29,554
Trademarks	159		—			159		159		—			159
	$	97,032	$	—		$	97,032	$	97,032	$	—		$	97,032

Finite-lived intangible assets:
Customer relationships	$	18,229	$	(7,519	)	$	10,710	$	18,229	$	(6,278	)	$	11,951
Other intangible assets	354		(72		)	282		731		(201		)	530
	$	18,583	$	(7,591	)	$	10,992	$	18,960	$	(6,479	)	$	12,481

Amortization expense related to customer relationships and other intangible assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was $614 million and $1.3 billion, respectively, and $695 million and $1.4 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. Effective January 1, 2018 with the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, up-front fees paid to market and serve customers who reside in residential multiple dwelling units (“MDUs”) are no longer recorded as intangibles and amortized to depreciation and amortization expense, but are now being recorded as noncurrent assets and are amortized to operating costs and expenses. See Note 17.

The Company expects amortization expense on its finite-lived intangible assets will be as follows:



Six months ended December 31, 2018	$	1,163
2019	2,148
2020	1,866
2021	1,591
2022	1,320
Thereafter	2,904
	$	10,992

Actual amortization expense in future periods will differ from these estimates as a result of new intangible asset acquisitions or divestitures, changes in useful lives, impairments and other relevant factors.