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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Notes)
6 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2016
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
 
The authoritative guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market and assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

Fair Value Hierarchy

The guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of inputs used in valuation techniques into three levels. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1- applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2- applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for the asset or liability such as: quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in less active markets; or other inputs that can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

Level 3- applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
 
Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of April 30, 2016 were as follows:
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement at April 30, 2016 Using
 
April 30,
2016
 
Quoted Prices
 in Active
 Markets for
 Identical Assets
 (Level 1)
 
Significant
 Other
 Observable
 Inputs
 (Level 2)
 
Significant
 Unobservable
 Inputs
 (Level 3)
 
(in millions)
Assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Short-term
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Cash equivalents (money market funds)
$
1,454

 
$
1,454

 
$

 
$

Derivative instruments (foreign exchange contracts)
3

 

 
3

 

Long-term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading securities
30

 
30

 

 

Total assets measured at fair value
$
1,487

 
$
1,484

 
$
3

 
$

Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Short-term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments (foreign exchange and interest rate swap contracts)
$
13

 
$

 
$
13

 
$

Long-term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred compensation liability
30

 

 
30

 

Total liabilities measured at fair value
$
43

 
$

 
$
43

 
$



Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of October 31, 2015 were as follows:
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement at October 31, 2015 Using
 
October 31,
2015
 
Quoted Prices
 in Active
 Markets for
 Identical Assets
 (Level 1)
 
Significant
 Other
 Observable
 Inputs
 (Level 2)
 
Significant
 Unobservable
 Inputs
 (Level 3)
 
(in millions)
Assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Short-term
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Cash equivalents (money market funds)
$
1,411

 
$
1,411

 
$

 
$

Derivative instruments (foreign exchange contracts)
4

 

 
4

 

Long-term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading securities
35

 
35

 

 

Total assets measured at fair value
$
1,450

 
$
1,446

 
$
4

 
$

Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Short-term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments (foreign exchange contracts)
$
5

 
$

 
$
5

 
$

Long-term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred compensation liability
35

 

 
35

 

Total liabilities measured at fair value
$
40

 
$

 
$
40

 
$


 
Our money market funds and trading securities investments are generally valued using quoted market prices and therefore are classified within level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Our derivative financial instruments are classified within level 2, as there is not an active market for each hedge contract, but the inputs used to calculate the value of the instruments are tied to active markets. Our deferred compensation liability is classified as level 2 because, although the values are not directly based on quoted market prices, the inputs used in the calculations are observable.

Trading securities, which is comprised of mutual funds, bonds and other similar instruments, and deferred compensation liability are reported at fair value, with gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value recognized currently in net income. Certain derivative instruments are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, included in accumulated other comprehensive loss within stockholders' equity. Realized gains and losses from the sale of these instruments are recorded in net income.

Impairment of Investments. There were no impairments of investments for the three and six months ended April 30, 2016 and 2015.
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

For the three and six months ended April 30, 2016 and 2015, there were no impairments of long-lived assets held and used. For the three and six months ended April 30, 2016 and 2015, there were no impairments of long-lived assets held for sale.