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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2023

OR

o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission File Number: 001-39184

 

SWK Holdings Corporation

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Delaware 77-0435679
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
   
5956 Sherry Lane, Suite 650  
Dallas, TX 75225
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

 

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code): (972) 687-7250

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class   Trading Symbol(s)   Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share   SWKH   The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
9.00% Senior Notes due 2027   SWKHL   The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x   YES      o   NO

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). x   YES     o   NO

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Large Accelerated Filer   o Accelerated Filer   o Non-Accelerated Filer   x Smaller Reporting Company   x Emerging Growth Company   o
         

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   o   YES     x   NO

As of November 3, 2023, there were 12,503,113 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, outstanding.

 
 

SWK Holdings Corporation

Form 10-Q

Quarter Ended September 30, 2023

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION    
       
Item 1. Financial Statements   1
       
  Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets—September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022   1
       
  Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income—Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022   2
       
  Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity—Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022   3
       
  Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022   4
       
  Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements   5
       
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations   23
       
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk   31
       
Item 4 Controls and Procedures   31
     
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION    
       
Item 1. Legal Proceedings   32
       
Item 1A. Risk Factors   32
       
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds   32
       
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities   32
       
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures   32
       
Item 5. Other Information   32
       
Item 6. Exhibits   33
       
  Signatures   34
 
 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

In addition to historical information, this report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). From time to time, we may also provide oral or written forward-looking statements in other materials we release to the public. Such forward-looking statements are subject to the safe harbor created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The forward-looking statements are not historical facts but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our business and industry, and our beliefs and assumptions, and include, but are not limited to, statements under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expects,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “should,” “will” and variations of these words and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially (both favorably and unfavorably) from those expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements.

 

These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those described in Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” and elsewhere in this report. Forward-looking statements that were believed to be true at the time made may ultimately prove to be incorrect or false. We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.

 
 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SWK HOLDINGS CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except par value and share data)

 

   September 30,
2023		   December 31,
2022		 
ASSETS          
Current assets:          
Cash and cash equivalents  $31,034   $6,156 
Interest and accounts receivable, net   4,411    3,094 
Other current assets   1,756    1,114 
Total current assets   37,201    10,364 
           
Finance receivables, net of allowance for credit losses of $11,327 and $11,846, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively   223,604    236,555 
Collateral on foreign currency forward contract   2,750    2,750 
Marketable investments   50    76 
Deferred tax assets, net   26,090    24,480 
Warrant assets   1,297    1,220 
Intangible assets, net   6,913    8,190 
Goodwill   8,404    8,404 
Property and equipment, net   5,479    5,840 
Other non-current assets   4,057    1,742 
Total assets  $315,845   $299,621 
           
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY          
Current liabilities:          
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  $2,768   $3,902 
Revolving credit facility   22,000    2,445 
Total current liabilities   24,768    6,347 
           
Contingent consideration payable   11,200    11,200 
Other non-current liabilities   2,312    2,145 
Total liabilities   38,280    19,692 
           
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)          
           
Stockholders’ equity:          
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding   —    — 
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 250,000,000 shares authorized; 12,510,776 and 12,843,157 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively   12    12 
Additional paid-in capital   4,425,198    4,430,922 
Accumulated deficit   (4,147,645)   (4,151,005)
Total stockholders’ equity   277,565    279,929 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity  $315,845   $299,621 

 

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

1
 

SWK HOLDINGS CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

   Three Months Ended
September 30,		   Nine Months Ended
September 30,		 
   2023   2022   2023   2022 
Revenues:                    
Finance receivable interest income, including fees  $8,608   $8,502   $27,146   $25,745 
Pharmaceutical development   315    5,111    616    5,461 
Other   39    1    108    481 
Total revenues   8,962    13,614    27,870    31,687 
Costs and expenses:                    
Provision for (benefit from) credit losses   223    —    (459)   — 
Interest expense   176    82    721    242 
Pharmaceutical manufacturing, research and development expense   606    1,792    2,834    5,173 
Depreciation and amortization expense   652    634    1,937    1,964 
General and administrative expense   2,979    4,349    8,516    10,527 
Income from operations   4,326    6,757    14,321    13,781 
Other income (expense), net:                    
Unrealized net (loss) gain on warrants   (162)   1,788    (745)   623 
Unrealized net gain (loss) on equity securities   —    13    —    (534)
(Loss) gain on foreign currency transactions   (76)   —    426    — 
Income before income tax (benefit) expense   4,088    8,558    14,002    13,870 
Income tax (benefit) expense   (386)    1,942    959    3,211 
Net income  $4,474   $6,616   $13,043   $10,659 
                     
Net income per share:                    
Basic  $0.36   $0.52   $1.03   $0.83 
Diluted  $0.36   $0.51   $1.02   $0.83 
Weighted average shares outstanding:                    
Basic   12,539    12,832    12,703    12,832 
Diluted   12,582    12,851    12,746    12,871 

 

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

2
 

SWK HOLDINGS CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except share data)

   Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 
               Total 
   Common Stock   Additional   Accumulated   Stockholders’ 
   Shares   Amount   Paid-In Capital    Deficit   Equity 
Balances at December 31, 2022   12,843,157   $12   $4,430,922   $(4,151,005)  $279,929 
Stock-based compensation   —    —    35    —    35 
Effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13   —    —    —    (9,683)   (9,683)
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock   16,008    —    —    —    — 
Repurchase of common stock in open market   (28,766)   —    (531)   —    (531)
Net income   —    —    —    4,635    4,635 
Balances at March 31, 2023   12,830,399    12    4,430,426    (4,156,053)   274,385 
Stock-based compensation   —    —    164    —    164 
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock   8,612    —    —    —    — 
Repurchase of common stock in open market   (272,492)   —    (4,599)   —    (4,599)
Net income   —    —    —    3,934    3,934 
Balances at June 30, 2023   12,566,519    12    4,425,991    (4,152,119)   273,884 
Stock-based compensation   —    —    170    —    170 
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock   4,592    —    —    —    — 
Repurchase of common stock in open market   (60,335)   —    (963)   —    (963)
Net income   —    —    —    4,474    4,474 
Balances at September 30, 2023   12,510,776   $12   $4,425,198   $(4,147,645)  $277,565 
                          
   Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 
               Total 
   Common Stock   Additional   Accumulated   Stockholders’ 
   Shares   Amount   Paid-In Capital    Deficit   Equity 
Balances at December 31, 2021   12,836,133   $13   $4,431,719   $(4,164,496)  $267,236 
Stock-based compensation   —    —    85    —    85 
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock   5,495    —    —    —    — 
Forfeiture of unvested restricted stock   (6,815)   —    —    —    — 
Net income   —    —    —    3,478    3,478 
Balances at March 31, 2022   12,834,813    13    4,431,804    (4,161,018)   270,799 
Stock-based compensation   —    —    166    —    166 
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock   4,305    —    —    —    — 
Net income   —    —    —    565    565 
Balances at June 30, 2022   12,839,118    13    4,431,970    (4,160,453)   271,530 
Stock-based compensation   —    —    59    —    59 
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock   7,575    —    —    —    — 
Net settlement for employee taxes on restricted stock and options   —    —    (160)   —    (160)
Stock options exercised, net   23,074    —    —    —    — 
Repurchases of common stock in open market   (34,463)   —    (599)   —    (599)
Net income   —    —    —    6,616    6,616 
Balances at September 30, 2022   12,835,304   $13   $4,431,270   $(4,153,837)  $277,446 

 

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3
 

SWK HOLDINGS CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

   Nine Months Ended
September 30,		 
   2023   2022 
Cash flows from operating activities:          
Net income  $13,043   $10,659 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:          
Benefit from credit losses   (459)   — 
Right-of-use asset amortization   244    171 
Amortization of debt issuance costs   243    26 
Deferred income taxes   915    3,189 
Change in fair value of warrants   745    (623)
Change in fair value of equity securities   —    534 
Foreign currency transaction gain   (375)   — 
Loan discount and fee accretion   (2,959)   (1,357)
Interest paid-in-kind   (1,826)   (3,335)
Stock-based compensation   369    310 
Depreciation and amortization expense   1,937    1,964 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:          
Interest and accounts receivable   (1,317)   (5,581)
Other assets   (738)   (76)
Accounts payable and other liabilities   (635)   (603)
Net cash provided by operating activities   9,187    5,278 
           
Cash flows from investing activities:          
Proceeds from sale of investments   13,942    — 
Investment in finance receivables   (17,525)   (71,750)
Repayment of finance receivables   7,430    43,938 
Corporate debt securities principal payments   26    31 
Purchases of property and equipment   (299)   (194)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities   3,574    (27,975)
           
Cash flows from financing activities:          
Payments for financing costs   (1,345)   — 
Proceeds from (payments on) credit facilities   19,555    (8)
Net settlement for employee taxes on restricted stock and options   —    (160)
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses   (6,093)   (599)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   12,117    (767)
           
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   24,878    (23,464)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period   6,156    42,863 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period  $31,034   $19,399 

 

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4
 

SWK HOLDINGS CORPORATION

 

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Note 1. SWK Holdings Corporation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Nature of Operations

 

SWK Holdings Corporation (the “Company”) was incorporated in July 1996 in California and reincorporated in Delaware in September 1999. In July 2012, the Company commenced its strategy of building a specialty finance and asset management business. In August 2019, the Company commenced a complementary strategy of building a pharmaceutical development, manufacturing and intellectual property licensing business. The Company’s operations comprise two reportable segments: “Finance Receivables” and “Pharmaceutical Development.” The Company allocates capital to each segment in order to generate income through the sales of life science products by third parties. The Company is headquartered in Dallas, Texas, and as of September 30, 2023, the Company had 23 full-time employees.

The Company has net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) and believes that the ability to utilize these NOLs is an important and substantial asset. However, at this time, under current law, the Company does not anticipate that the Finance Receivables and/or Pharmaceutical Development segments will generate sufficient income to permit the Company to utilize all of its NOLs prior to their respective expiration dates. As such, it is possible that the Company might pursue additional strategies that it believes might result in the ability to utilize more of the NOLs.

As of November 3, 2023, the Company and its partners have executed transactions with 53 different parties under its specialty finance strategy, funding an aggregate of $756.7 million in various financial products across the life science sector. The Company’s portfolio includes senior and subordinated debt backed by royalties and synthetic royalties paid by companies in the life science sector, and purchased royalties generated by sales of life science products and related intellectual property.

 

During 2019, the Company commenced its Pharmaceutical Development segment with the acquisition of Enteris BioPharma, Inc. (“Enteris”). Enteris is a clinical development and manufacturing organization providing development services to pharmaceutical partners as well as innovative formulation solutions built around its proprietary oral drug delivery technologies, the Peptelligence® platform.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation 

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries and affiliates in which the Company holds a controlling financial interest as of the financial statement date. Normally a controlling financial interest reflects ownership of a majority of the voting interests. The Company consolidates a variable interest entity (“VIE”) when it possesses both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance and the Company is either obligated to absorb the losses that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the Company holds the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE, after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions.

 

The Company owns interests in various partnerships and limited liability companies, or LLCs. The Company consolidates its investments in these partnerships or LLCs where the Company, as the general partner or managing member, exercises effective control, even though the Company’s ownership may be less than 50 percent, the related governing agreements provide the Company with broad powers, and the other parties do not participate in the management of the entities and do not effectively have the ability to remove the Company. The Company has reviewed each of the underlying agreements to determine if it has effective control. If circumstances change and it is determined this control does not exist, any such investment would be recorded using the equity method of accounting. Although this would change individual line items within the Company’s consolidated financial statements, it would have no effect on its operations and/or total stockholders’ equity attributable to the Company.

5
 

Unaudited Interim Financial Information 

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company and reflect all normal, recurring adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial information. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any subsequent quarter or for the year ending December 31, 2023. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted under the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023.

Use of Estimates 

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions are required in the determination of revenue recognition; stock-based compensation; valuation of interest and accounts receivable; impairment of finance receivables; allowance for credit losses; long-lived assets; property and equipment; intangible assets; goodwill; valuation of warrants and other investments; contingent consideration; income taxes; and contingencies and litigation, among others. Some of these judgments can be subjective and complex, and consequently, actual results may differ from these estimates. The Company’s estimates often are based on complex judgments, probabilities and assumptions that it believes to be reasonable but that are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. For any given individual estimate or assumption made by the Company, there may also be other estimates or assumptions that are reasonable.

The Company regularly evaluates its estimates and assumptions using historical experience and other factors, including the economic environment. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, the Company’s estimates and assumptions may prove to be incomplete or inaccurate, or unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that might cause changes to those estimates and assumptions. Market conditions, such as illiquid credit markets, health crises such as the COVID-19 global pandemic, volatile equity markets, and economic downturns, can increase the uncertainty already inherent in the Company’s estimates and assumptions. The Company adjusts its estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances indicate the need for change. Those changes generally will be reflected in our consolidated financial statements on a prospective basis unless they are required to be treated retrospectively under the relevant accounting standard. It is possible that other professionals, applying reasonable judgment to the same facts and circumstances, could develop and support a range of alternative estimated amounts.

Segment Information

The Company earns revenues from its two U.S.-based business segments: its specialty finance and asset management business offering customized financing solutions to a broad range of life-sciences companies, and its business offering clinical development and manufacturing services as well as oral therapeutic formulation solutions built around Enteris’ pharmaceutical Peptelligence® platform, which enables the oral delivery of molecules that are typically injected, including peptides and BCS Class II, III, and IV small molecules in an enteric-coated tablet formulation.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s Pharmaceutical Development segment enters into collaboration and licensing agreements with strategic partners, under which it may exclusively license rights to research, develop, manufacture and commercialize its product candidates to third parties. The terms of these arrangements typically include payment to the Company of one or more of the following: non-refundable, upfront license fees; reimbursement of certain costs; customer option exercise fees; development, regulatory and commercial milestone payments; and royalties on net sales of licensed products.

Deferred revenue includes amounts that have been billed per the contractual terms but have not been recognized as revenue. The Company classifies as current the portion of deferred revenue that is expected to be recognized within one year from the balance sheet date and is included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

6
 

Reclassification

 

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation and have no impact on previously reported total assets and total liabilities, total stockholders’ equity or net income.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses include the costs associated with internal research and development and research and development conducted for the Company by third parties. These costs primarily consist of salaries, pre-clinical and clinical trials, outside consultants, and supplies. All research and development costs discussed above are expensed as incurred. Third-party expenses reimbursed under research and development contracts, which are not refundable, are recorded as a reduction to pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848),” which provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. These transactions include: (i) contract modifications, (ii) hedging relationships, and (iii) sales or transfers of debt securities classified as held-to-maturity. ASU 2020-04 was effective upon issuance, and the provisions generally can be applied prospectively as of January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2024. The Company has identified existing loans that reference London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and is in the process of evaluating alternatives in each situation. The Company expects that it will elect to apply some of the expedients and exceptions provided in ASU 2020-04 and does not believe the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”),” as amended, on January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective approach method. ASU 2016-13 replaced the incurred loss impairment methodology with a methodology that reflects a current expected credit loss (“CECL”). ASU 2016-13 impacted all of the Company’s investments held at amortized cost. At December 31, 2022, the Company’s allowance for credit losses of $11.8 million was the accumulation of allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) applied to specific finance receivables, representing management’s prior estimates of potential future losses on such finance receivables. As part of the Company’s adoption of ASU 2016-13, management reviewed its prior estimates of finance receivable-specific ACL and chose to apply the full $11.8 million ACL under legacy GAAP to the finance receivables such allowance applied. Under the new CECL model, the net GAAP balances of such finance receivables are presented net of previously reported ACL and are included in the Company’s estimated ACL for its Royalty Purchases portfolio segment.

Upon adoption of ASC 2016-13 on January 1, 2023, the Company’s transition adjustment included $11.8 million of ACL on finance receivables, which is presented as a reduction to finance receivables, and a $0.4 million ACL on unfunded loan commitments, which is recorded within other non-current liabilities. The Company recorded a net decrease of $9.7 million to accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2023 for the cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2016-13, which reflects the transition adjustments noted above, net of the applicable deferred tax assets of $2.5 million. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under ASU 2016-13, while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable accounting standards. The Company elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable and instead elected to reverse interest income on finance receivables when placed on nonaccrual status, or earlier if the Company believes the collection of interest is doubtful. The Company has concluded that this policy results in the timely reversal of uncollectible interest. Please refer to Note 3 for more information on how the Company determines its allowance for credit losses on finance receivables.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures,” which removes the accounting guidance for Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) and requires entities to evaluate whether a modification provided to a borrower results in a new loan or continuation of an existing loan. The amendment enhances existing disclosures and requires new disclosures for receivables when there has been a modification in contractual cash flows due to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. Additionally, the amendments require public business entities to disclose gross charge-off information by year of origination in the vintage disclosures. The Company adopted ASU 2022-02 on January 1, 2023 and incorporated the required disclosures into Note 3, Finance Receivables, Net.

7
 

Note 2. Net Income per Share

Basic net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of outstanding shares of common stock during the applicable period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of outstanding shares of common stock during the applicable period, and when dilutive, shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options and warrants deemed outstanding using the treasury stock method.

The following table shows the computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the following periods (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

   Three Months Ended
September 30,		   Nine Months Ended
September 30,		 
   2023   2022   2023   2022 
Numerator:                    
Net income  $4,474   $6,616   $13,043   $10,659 
                     
Denominator:                    
Weighted-average shares outstanding   12,539    12,832    12,703    12,832 
Effect of dilutive securities   43    19    43    39 
Weighted-average diluted shares   12,582    12,851    12,746    12,871 
                     
Basic net income per share  $0.36   $0.52   $1.03   $0.83 
Diluted net income per share  $0.36   $0.51   $1.02   $0.83 

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, outstanding options to purchase shares of common stock and outstanding shares of restricted stock in an aggregate of approximately 127,000 and 186,000, respectively, have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share, as such securities were anti-dilutive. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, outstanding options to purchase shares of common stock and outstanding shares of restricted stock in an aggregate of approximately 121,000 and 268,000, respectively, have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share, as all such securities were anti-dilutive.

8
 

Note 3. Finance Receivables, Net

 

Finance receivables are reported at their determined principal balances net of any unearned income, cumulative write offs charged against the allowance for credit losses, and unamortized deferred fees and costs. Unearned income and deferred fees and costs are amortized to interest income based on all cash flows expected using the effective interest method.

The carrying values of finance receivables are as follows (in thousands):

   September 30, 2023   December 31, 2022 
Term loans  $180,917   $188,836 
Royalty purchases   54,014    59,565 
Total before allowance for credit losses   234,931    248,401 
Allowance for credit losses   (11,327)   (11,846)
Total finance receivables, net  $223,604   $236,555 

 

Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL is management’s estimate of the amount of expected credit losses over the life of the loan portfolio, or the amount of amortized cost basis not expected to be collected, at the balance sheet date. This estimate encompasses information about historical events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable economic forecasts. Determining the amount of the ACL is complex and requires extensive judgment by management about matters that are inherently uncertain. Given the current level of economic uncertainty, the complexity of the ACL estimate and level of management judgment required, we believe it is possible that the ACL estimate could change, potentially materially, in future periods. Changes in the ACL may result from changes in current economic conditions, our economic forecast, and circumstances not currently known to us that may impact the financial condition and operations of our borrowers, among other factors.

Expected credit losses are estimated on a collective basis for groups of loans that share similar risk characteristics. For finance receivables that do not share similar risk characteristics with other finance receivables, expected credit losses are estimated on an individual basis. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual terms of the finance receivables, adjusted for expected prepayments and unfunded commitments, generally excluding extensions and modifications. The loan portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses. As part of the Company’s quarterly assessment of the allowance, the finance receivables portfolio included two portfolio segments: Term Loans and Royalty Purchases.

The implementation of ASU 2016-13 also impacted the Company’s ACL on unfunded loan commitments, as the ACL now represents expected credit losses over the contractual life of commitments not identified as unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The reserve for unfunded commitments is estimated using the same reserve or coverage rates calculated on collectively evaluated loans following the application of a funding rate to the amount of the unfunded commitment. The funding rate represents management’s estimate of the amount of the current unfunded commitment that will be funded over the remaining contractual life of the commitment and is based on historical data. On January 1, 2023, the Company recorded an adjustment for unfunded commitments of $0.4 million for the adoption of ASU 2016-13. As of September 30, 2023, the $0.4 million liability for credit losses on off -balance-sheet credit exposures is included in other non-current liabilities. Please refer to Note 6 for further information on the Company’s unfunded commitments.

9
 

The following table details the changes in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the respective periods (in thousands):

 

 

   September 30, 2023   September 30, 2022 
   Term Loans   Royalties   Total   Term Loans   Royalties   Total 
Allowance at beginning of period, prior to adoption of ASU 2016-13  $—   $11,846   $11,846   $—   $8,388   $8,388 
Write offs(1)   —    (11,846)   (11,846)   —    —    — 
Recoveries   —    —    —    —    31    31 
Effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13   8,900    2,886    11,786    —    —    — 
Provision (benefit) from credit losses   (922)   463    (459)   —    —    — 
Allowance at end of period  $7,978   $3,349   $11,327   $—   $8,357   $8,357 

 

(1)Reversal of finance receivable-specific ACL recognized in prior periods. No impact to consolidated statement of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Please refer to Note 1 for further details.

 

Non-Accrual Finance Receivables

The Company originates finance receivables to companies primarily in the life sciences sector. This concentration of credit exposes the Company to a higher degree of risk associated with this sector.

On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates the carrying value of its finance receivables. Recognition of income is suspended, and the finance receivable is placed on non-accrual status when management determines that collection of future income is not probable. This evaluation is generally based on delinquency information, an assessment of the borrower’s financial condition and the adequacy of collateral, if any. The Company would generally place term loans on nonaccrual status when the full and timely collection of interest or principal becomes uncertain and they are 90 days past due for interest or principal, unless the term loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection. When placed on nonaccrual, the Company would reverse any accrued unpaid interest receivable against interest income and amortization of any net deferred fees is suspended. Generally, the Company would return a term loan to accrual status when all delinquent interest and principal become current under the terms of the credit agreement and collectibility of remaining principal and interest is no longer doubtful.

The following table presents nonaccrual and performing finance receivables by portfolio segment, net of credit loss allowance (in thousands):

                                             
   September 30, 2023   December 31, 2022 
   Nonaccrual   Performing   Total   Nonaccrual   Performing   Total 
Term loans  $9,128   $171,789   $180,917   $11,304   $177,532   $188,836 
Royalty purchases   17,349    36,665    54,014    6,736    52,829    59,565 
Total before allowance for credit losses   26,477    208,454    234,931    18,040    230,361    248,401 
Allowance for credit losses   (7,978)   (3,349)   (11,327)   (10,091)   (1,755)   (11,846)
Total finance receivables, net  $18,499   $205,105   $223,604   $7,949   $228,606   $236,555 

 

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had four finance receivables in nonaccrual status: (1) the term loan to Trio Healthcare Ltd. (“Trio”), with a carrying value of $9.1 million; (2) the Flowonix Medical, Inc. (“Flowonix”) royalty, with a carrying value of $10.4 million (see Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty below for further details); (3) the Best ABT, Inc. (“Best”) royalty, with a carrying value of $2.7 million; and (4) the Ideal Implant, Inc. (“Ideal”) royalty, with a net carrying value of $4.2 million. Although in nonaccrual status, none of the finance receivables were considered impaired as of September 30, 2023. The Company collected $2.3 million on its nonaccrual finance receivables during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

Effective January 1, 2023, the Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2022-02, which eliminated the accounting for TDRs while expanding loan modification and vintage disclosure requirements. The update specifically required additional disclosures on loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties that involved an interest rate reduction, other-than-insignificant payment delay, a term extension, principal forgiveness or a combination thereof.

10
 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company made one significant modification to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty involving an other-than-insignificant payment delay and a term extension/modification. Flowonix’s assets were sold to Algorithm Sciences, Inc. (“Algorithm”) during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and in exchange for releasing its lien, the Company received $1.5 million of cash at close, bringing the carrying value from $11.9 million as of June 30, 2023 to $10.4 million as of September 30, 2023. The Company expects to receive royalties on the net sales of two products beginning in late 2024.

 

Although in nonaccrual status, the Flowonix royalty was not considered impaired as of September 30, 2023 and is considered in the $3.3 million Royalty allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2023. On an ongoing basis, the Company monitors the performance of modified loans to their restructured terms.

 

Credit Quality of Finance Receivables

 

The Company evaluates all finance receivables on a quarterly basis and assigns a risk rating based upon management’s assessment of the borrower’s likelihood of repayment. The assessment is subjective and based on multiple factors, including but not limited to, financial strength of borrowers and operating results of the underlying business. The credit risk analysis and rating assignment is performed quarterly in conjunction with the Company’s assessment of its allowance for credit losses. The Company uses the following definitions for its risk ratings for Term Loans:

 

1: Borrower performing well below Company expectations, and the borrower’s ability to raise sufficient capital to operate its business or repay debt is highly in question. Finance receivables rated a 1 are on non-accrual and are at an elevated risk for principal impairment.

2: Borrower performing below plan, and the loan-to-value is generally worse than at the time of underwriting. Borrower has limited access to additional capital to operate its business. Finance receivables rated a 2 might be placed on non-accrual. While there is a potential for future principal impairment, we may refrain from placing borrower on non-accrual due to enterprise value coverage, continued receipt of interest payments, and/or anticipate a near-term capital raise.

3: Borrower performing inline-to-modestly below Company expectations, and loan-to-value is similar to slightly worse than at the time of underwriting. Borrower has demonstrated access to capital markets.

4: Borrower performing inline-to-modestly above Company expectations and loan-to-value similar or modestly better than underwriting case. Borrower has demonstrated access to capital markets.

5: Borrower performing in excess of Company expectations, and loan-to-value is better than at time of origination.

The Company uses an internal credit rating system which rates each Royalty on a color scale of Green to Red, with Green typically indicative of a Royalty that is exceeding base underwritten case and Red reflective of underperformance relative to plan.

11
 

The following table summarizes the carrying value of Finance Receivables by origination year, grouped by risk rating as of September 30, 2023:

    September 30, 2023 
    2023   2022   2021   2020   2019   Prior   Total 
Term Loans                                    
5   $—   $—   $13,682   $—   $6,047   $—   $19,729 
4    9,957    32,104    —    —    —    —    42,061 
3    —    31,276    10,183    —    31,597    24,517    97,573 
2    —    —    21,554    —    —    —    21,554 
Subtotal - Term Loans   $9,957   $63,380   $45,419   $—   $37,644   $24,517   $180,917 
                                     
Royalties                                    
Green    $—   $13,155   $—   $14,927   $—   $1,353   $29,435 
Yellow    —    —    —    3,749    —    3,481    7,230 
Red    —    —    4,239    10,433    —    2,677    17,349 
Subtotal - Royalty Purchases   $—   $13,155   $4,239   $29,109   $—   $7,511   $54,014 
                                     
Total Finance Receivables, gross   $9,957   $76,535   $49,658   $29,109   $37,644   $32,028   $234,931 

12
 

Note 4. Intangible Assets

 

The following table summarizes the gross book value, accumulated amortization and net book value balances of intangible assets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

 

 

   September 30, 2023   December 31, 2022 
   Gross Book
Value		   Accumulated
Amortization		   Net Book
Value		   Gross Book
Value		   Accumulated
Amortization		   Net Book
Value		 
Licensing Agreement(1)  $29,400   $22,753   $6,647   $29,400   $21,509   $7,891 
Trade names and trademarks   210    86    124    210    71    139 
Customer relationships   240    98    142    240    80    160 
Total intangible assets  $29,850   $22,937   $6,913   $29,850   $21,660   $8,190 

 

(1)Prior to the acquisition, Enteris entered into a non-exclusive commercial license agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Cara Therapeutics, Inc. (“Cara”), for oral formulation rights to Enteris’ Peptelligence® technology to develop and commercialize Oral KORSUVATM in any indication worldwide, excluding South Korea and Japan. Cara is obligated to pay Enteris certain development, regulatory and tiered commercial milestone payments, as well as low single-digit royalties based on net sales in the licensed territory.

 

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $0.4 million for both the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $1.3 million for both the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 

The estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets as of September 30, 2023 is as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Fiscal Year  Amount 
Remainder of 2023  $426 
2024   1,546 
2025   1,076 
2026   1,076 
2027   1,076 
Thereafter   1,713 
Total  $6,913 

 

Note 5. Revolving Credit Facility

 

On June 28, 2023, the Company entered into a new Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) by and among SWK Funding LLC, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary (together with the Company, the “Borrower”), the lenders party thereto (“Lenders”), and First Horizon Bank as a Lender and Agent (the “Agent”). The Credit Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility with an initial maximum principal amount of $45.0 million. The Credit Agreement provides that the Company may request one or more incremental increases in an aggregate amount not to exceed $80.0 million, subject to the consent of the Agent and each Lender, at any time prior to the termination of the revolving credit period on June 28, 2026 (the “Commitment Termination Date”). The revolving credit period will be followed by a one-year amortization period, with the final maturity date of the Credit Agreement occurring on June 28, 2027.

 

The outstanding principal balance of the Credit Agreement will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the sum of (i) Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus (ii) 3.75 percent at all times prior to the Commitment Termination Date. The outstanding principal balance of the Revolving Credit Facility will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the sum of (i) Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus (ii) 4.25 percent at all times on and after the Commitment Termination Date. Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, all accrued and unpaid interest shall be due and payable, in arrears, on the first business day of each calendar month.

13
 

The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, in addition to financial covenants specifying that, as of the end of each calendar month, (i) the consolidated leverage ratio of Borrower will not exceed 1.00 to 1.00, (ii) the consolidated interest coverage ratio of Borrower will not be less than 4.00 to 1.00, (iii) the cash collection rate in relation to Borrower’s portfolio of loan assets will not be less than 4.5 percent, for such calendar month, (iv) the net charge-off percentage in relation to Borrower’s portfolio of loan assets will not exceed 3 percent for such calendar month, and (v) the weighted average risk rating in relation to Borrower portfolio of loan assets will not be less than 3.00. In addition, the Credit Agreement provides that at no time shall the Company permit its consolidated tangible net worth to be less than $145.0 million, or its Liquidity (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to be less than $5.0 million. The Credit Agreement also contains events of default customary for such financings, the occurrence of which would permit the Agent and Lenders to accelerate the aggregate principal amount due thereunder.

 

The Credit Agreement refinances the Company’s Loan and Security Agreement dated as of June 29, 2018 (the “Prior Credit Agreement”), as amended, between the Company and Cadence Bank, N.A. (“Cadence Bank”), as the lender and administrative agent, which was due to expire on September 30, 2025. The Prior Credit Agreement was terminated by the Company, effective as of June 28, 2023.

 

On October 10, 2023, the Company entered into a First Amendment to Credit Agreement pursuant to which Woodforest National Bank was added as a lender under the Credit Agreement for an aggregate commitment of $15.0 million, thereby increasing the aggregate commitments under the Credit Agreement from $45.0 million to $60.0 million. Please see Note 10 for further information regarding the First Amendment to Credit Agreement.

 

As of September 30, 2023, $22.0 million was outstanding under the new Credit Agreement, and approximately $2.4 million was outstanding under the Prior Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2022. During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of interest expense. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized $0.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively, of interest expense.

 

Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies

 

Contingent Consideration

 

The Company recorded contingent consideration related to the 2019 acquisition of Enteris and sharing of certain milestone and royalties due to Enteris pursuant to the License Agreement. Contingent consideration is remeasured to fair value at each reporting date until the contingency is resolved, with changes in the estimated fair value recognized in earnings. The estimated fair value of contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $11.2 million. The Company did not recognize a change in the estimated fair value of its contingent consideration during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

 

Unfunded Commitments

 

As of September 30, 2023, the Company’s unfunded commitments were as follows (in millions):

 

 

      
MedMinder Systems, Inc.  $5.0 
Duo Royalty   2.4 
Total unfunded commitments  $7.4 

 

Per the terms of the royalty purchase or credit agreements, unfunded commitments are contingent upon reaching an established revenue threshold or other performance metrics on or before a specified date or period of time, and in the case of loan transactions, are subject to being advanced as long as an event of default does not exist.

 

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, which replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss model known as the CECL model. See Note 3 for information regarding the Company’s allowance for credit losses related to its unfunded commitments.

14
 

Litigation

 

The Company is involved in, or has been involved in, arbitrations or various other legal proceedings that arise from the normal course of its business. The ultimate outcome of any litigation is uncertain, and either unfavorable or favorable outcomes could have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, balance sheets and cash flows due to defense costs, and divert management resources. The Company cannot predict the timing or outcome of these claims and other proceedings. As of September 30, 2023, the Company is not involved in any arbitration and/or other legal proceeding that it expects to have a material effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 

Indemnification

 

As permitted by Delaware law, the Company has agreements whereby it indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving in such capacity, or in other capacities at the Company’s request. The term of the indemnification period is for the officer’s or director’s lifetime. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, the Company has a director and officer insurance policy that limits its exposure and enables the Company to recover a portion of any such amounts. As a result of the Company’s insurance policy coverage, the Company believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification agreements is insignificant. Accordingly, the Company had no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

15
 

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements

 

The Company measures and reports certain financial and non-financial assets and liabilities on a fair value basis. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). GAAP specifies a three-level hierarchy that is used when measuring and disclosing fair value. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices available in active markets (i.e., observable inputs) and the lowest priority to data lacking transparency (i.e., unobservable inputs). An instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of significant input to its valuation. The following is a description of the three hierarchy levels.

 

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. Active markets are considered to be those in which transactions for the assets or liabilities occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

 

Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. This category includes quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets.

 

Level 3: Unobservable inputs are not corroborated by market data. This category is comprised of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities whose fair value is estimated based on internally developed models or methodologies using significant inputs that are generally less readily observable from objective sources.

 

Transfers into or out of any hierarchy level are recognized at the end of the reporting period in which the transfers occurred. There were no transfers between any levels during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

 

The following information is provided to help readers gain an understanding of the relationship between amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the related market or fair value. The disclosures include financial instruments and derivative financial instruments, other than investment in affiliates.

 

Following are descriptions of the valuation methodologies used to measure material assets and liabilities at fair value and details of the valuation models, key inputs to those models and significant assumptions utilized.

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximate those assets’ fair values.

 

Finance Receivables

 

The fair values of finance receivables are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using market rates at the balance sheet date that reflect the credit and interest rate-risk inherent in the finance receivables. Projected future cash flows are calculated based upon contractual maturity or call dates, projected repayments and prepayments of principal. These receivables are classified as Level 3. Finance receivables are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis, but estimates of fair value are reflected below.

 

Contingent Consideration

 

The Company recorded contingent consideration related to the August 2019 acquisition of Enteris and sharing of certain milestone and royalties due to Enteris pursuant to the License Agreement.

 

The fair value measurements of the contingent consideration obligations and the related intangible assets arising from business combinations are classified as Level 3 estimates under the fair value hierarchy, as these items have been valued using unobservable inputs. These inputs include: (a) the estimated amount and timing of projected cash flows; (b) the probability of the achievement of the factors on which the contingency is based; and (c) the risk-adjusted discount rate used to present value the probability-weighted cash flows. Changes in fair value of this obligation are recorded as income or expense within operating income in our consolidated statements of income. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

16
 

Marketable Investments

 

If active market prices are available, fair value measurement is based on quoted active market prices and, accordingly, these securities would be classified as Level 1. If active market prices are not available, fair value measurement is based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1, such as prices for similar assets or broker quotes utilizing observable inputs, and accordingly these securities would be classified as Level 2. If market prices are not available and there are no observable inputs, then fair value would be estimated by using valuation models including discounted cash flow methodologies, commonly used option-pricing models and broker quotes. Such securities would be classified as Level 3, if the valuation models and broker quotes are based on inputs that are unobservable in the market. If fair value is based on broker quotes, the Company checks the validity of received prices based on comparison to prices of other similar assets and market data such as relevant bench mark indices. Available-for-sale securities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, while securities with no readily available fair market value are not, but estimates of fair value are reflected below.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

For exchange-traded derivatives, fair value is based on quoted market prices, and accordingly, would be classified as Level 1. For non-exchange traded derivatives, fair value is based on option pricing models and are classified as Level 3.

 

The Company uses a foreign currency forward contract to manage the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency denominated cash flows expected to be received from one of its royalty finance receivables denominated in a foreign currency. The foreign currency forward contract is not designated as a hedging instrument, and changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. The foreign currency forward was recorded in other non-current assets and other non-current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The Company recognized $2.1 million of changes in fair value related to its foreign currency forward contract during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

 

The following table presents financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2023 (in thousands):

   Total
Carrying
Value in
Consolidated
Balance
Sheets		   Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
or Liabilities
(Level 1)		   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)		 
Financial Assets                    
Warrant assets  $1,297   $—   $—   $1,297 
Marketable investments   50    —    —    50 
Foreign currency forward contract   1,360    —    —    1,360 
                     
Financial Liabilities                    
Contingent consideration payable  $11,200   $—   $—   $11,200 
17
 

The following table presents financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

   Total
Carrying
Value in
Consolidated
Balance
Sheets		   Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
or Liabilities
(Level 1)		   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)		 
Financial Assets                    
Warrant assets  $1,220   $—   $—   $1,220 
Marketable investments   76    —    —    76 
                     
Financial Liabilities                    
Contingent consideration payable  $11,200   $—   $—   $11,200 
Foreign currency forward contract   754    —    —    754 

 

The changes in fair value of the warrant assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

September 30, 2023  September 30, 2022 
Fair value - December 31, 2022  $1,220    Fair value - December 31, 2021   $3,419 
Issued   822    Issued     1,098 
Canceled   —    Canceled    — 
Change in fair value   (745)   Change in fair value    623 
Fair value - September 30, 2023  $1,297    Fair value - September 30, 2022   $5,140 

 

The Company holds warrants issued to the Company in conjunction with certain term loan investments. These warrants meet the definition of a derivative and are included in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair values for warrants outstanding, which do not have a readily determinable value, are measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following ranges of assumptions were used in the models to determine fair value:

 

   September 30, 2023   December 31, 2022 
Dividend rate range   —    — 
Risk-free rate range   4.6% to 5.5%    4.0% to 4.3% 
Expected life (years) range   1.5 to 6.7    2.0 to 6.9 
Expected volatility range   77.7% to 154.9%    54.8% to 139.4% 

18
 

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had one royalty, Best, that was deemed to be impaired based on reductions in carrying value in prior periods. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had two royalties, Best and Cambia®, that were deemed to be impaired based on reductions in carrying values in prior periods. The following table presents these royalties measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

   Total
Carrying
Value in
Consolidated
Balance
Sheets		   Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
or Liabilities
(Level 1)		   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)		 
September 30, 2023  $2,677   $—   $—   $2,677 
                     
December 31, 2022  $3,545   $—   $—   $3,545 

 

There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

The following information is provided to help readers gain an understanding of the relationship between amounts reported in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related market or fair value. The disclosures include financial instruments and derivative financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis.

 

As of September 30, 2023 (in thousands):

   Carrying
Value		   Fair Value   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3 
Financial Assets                         
Finance receivables, net  $223,604   $223,604   $—   $—   $223,604 
Marketable investments   50    50    —    —    50 
Warrant assets   1,297    1,297    —    —    1,297 
Foreign currency forward contract   1,360    1,360    —    —    1,360 
                          
Financial Liabilities                         
Contingent consideration payable  $11,200   $11,200   $—   $—   $11,200 

 

As of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

   Carrying
Value		   Fair Value   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3 
Financial Assets                         
Finance receivables, net  $236,555   $236,555   $—   $—   $236,555 
Marketable investments   76    76    —    —    76 
Warrant assets   1,220    1,220    —    —    1,220 
                          
Financial Liabilities                         
Contingent consideration payable  $11,200   $11,200   $—   $—   $11,200 
Foreign currency forward contract   754    754    —    —    754 

19
 

Note 8. Revenue Recognition

The Company’s Pharmaceutical Development segment recognizes revenues received from contracts with its customers by revenue source, as the Company believes it best depicts the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flow. The Company’s Finance Receivables segment does not have any revenues received from contracts with customers.

The following table provides the contract revenue recognized by revenue source for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended
September 30,		   Nine Months Ended
September 30,		 
   2023   2022   2023   2022 
Pharmaceutical Development Segment                    
License Agreement  $—   $5,103   $10   $5,235 
Pharmaceutical Development and other   315    8    606    706 
Total contract revenue  $315   $5,111   $616   $5,941 

 

The Company’s contract liabilities represent advance consideration received from customers and are recognized as revenue when the related performance obligation is satisfied.

The Company’s contract liabilities are presented as deferred revenues and are included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):

   September 30,
2023		   December 31,
2022		 
Pharmaceutical Development Segment        
Deferred revenue  $30   $33 
Total contract liabilities  $30   $33 

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized $3,000 of 2022 deferred revenue from the satisfaction of performance obligations. The Company did not have any contract assets nor did it have any contract liabilities related to the License Agreement as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

Note 9. Segment Information

Selected financial and descriptive information is required to be provided about reportable operating segments, considering a “management approach” concept as the basis for identifying reportable segments. The management approach is based on the way that management organizes the segments within the Company for making operating decisions, allocating resources, and assessing performance. Consequently, the segments are evident from the structure of the Company’s internal organization, focusing on financial information that the Company’s CEO uses to make decisions about the Company’s operating matters.

As described in Note 1, SWK Holdings Corporation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, the Company has determined it has two reportable segments: Finance Receivables and Pharmaceutical Development, and each are individually managed and provide separate services. Revenues by segment represent revenues earned on the services offered within each segment. The Company does not report assets by reportable segment, nor does the Company report results by geographic region, as these metrics are not used by the Company’s chief executive officer in assessing performance or allocating resources to the segments.

Segment performance is evaluated based on several factors, including income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes. Management uses this measure of profit (loss) to evaluate segment performance because the Company believes this measure is indicative of performance trends and the overall earnings potential of each segment. The Company does not report assets by reportable segment, as this metric is not used by the Company’s CEO in assessing performance or allocating resources to the segments.

20
 

The following tables present financial information for the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 
   Finance
Receivables		   Pharmaceutical
Development
Services		   Holding
Company
and Other		   Consolidated 
Revenue  $8,608   $315   $—   $8,923 
Other revenue   39    —    —    39 
Provision for credit losses   223    —    —    223 
Interest expense   176    —    —    176 
Pharmaceutical manufacturing, research and development   —    606    —    606 
Depreciation and amortization expense   —    630    22    652 
General and administrative   213    574    2,192    2,979 
Other expense, net   (238)   —    —    (238)
Income tax benefit   —    —    (386)    (386) 
Net income (loss)   7,797    (1,495)   (1,828)   4,474 

 

   Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 
   Finance
Receivables		   Pharmaceutical
Development
and Other		   Holding
Company
and Other		   Consolidated 
Revenue  $8,502   $5,111   $—   $13,613 
Other revenue   —    —    1    1 
Interest expense   82    —    —    82 
Pharmaceutical manufacturing, research and development   —    1,792    —    1,792 
Depreciation and amortization expense   —    632    2    634 
General and administrative   115    843    3,391    4,349 
Other income, net   1,801    —    —    1,801 
Income tax expense   —    —    1,942    1,942 
Net income (loss)   10,106    1,844    (5,334)   6,616 

 

   Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 
   Finance
Receivables		   Pharmaceutical
Development
and Other		   Holding
Company
and Other		   Consolidated 
Revenue  $27,146   $616   $—   $27,762 
Other revenue   106    —    2    108 
Benefit from credit losses   (459)   —    —    (459)
Interest expense   721    —    —    721 
Pharmaceutical manufacturing, research and development   —    2,834    —    2,834 
Depreciation and amortization expense   —    1,907    30    1,937 
General and administrative   380    2,282    5,854    8,516 
Other expense, net   (319)   —    —    (319)
Income tax expense   —    —    959    959 
Net income (loss)   26,291    (6,407)   (6,841)   13,043 

21
 
   Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 
   Finance
Receivables		   Pharmaceutical
Development
and Other		   Holding
Company
and Other		   Consolidated 
Revenue  $25,745   $5,461   $—   $31,206 
Other revenue   —    480    1    481 
Interest expense   242    —    —    242 
Pharmaceutical manufacturing, research and development   —    5,173    —    5,173 
Depreciation and amortization expense   —    1,961    3    1,964 
General and administrative   219    2,783    7,525    10,527 
Other income, net   89    —    —    89 
Income tax expense   —    —    3,211    3,211 
Net income (loss)   25,373    (3,976)   (10,738)   10,659 

 

Included in Holding Company and Other are the expenses of the parent holding company and certain other enterprise-wide overhead costs, including public company costs and non-Enteris corporate employees, which have been included for purposes of reconciling to the consolidated amounts.

 

Note 10. Subsequent Events

 

Subsequent events have been evaluated through November 8, 2023, the date at which the condensed consolidated financial statements were available to be issued, and the Company has concluded that no such events or transactions took place that would require disclosure herein, except as stated directly below.

Shield Therapeutics PLC

On October 2, 2023, SWK Funding, a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a credit agreement pursuant to which SWK Funding provided to Shield Therapeutics PLC (“Shield”) a term loan in the amount of $20.0 million. The loan matures on September 28, 2028. In connection with the loan, SWK Funding also received a warrant to purchase shares of Shield common stock.

Registered Notes Offering

On October 3, 2023, the Company completed a registered underwritten public offering of $30.0 million of the Company’s 9.00 percent Senior Notes due 2027 (the “Notes”). On October 27, 2023, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase an additional $2.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the Notes. The Notes will mature on January 31, 2027, unless earlier redeemed, and will bear interest at a rate of 9.00 percent per annum, payable quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year and at maturity, commencing on December 31, 2023. The Company received net proceeds after discounts and commissions, but before expenses and fees, of approximately $31.9 million.

Amendment to Credit Agreement

On October 10, 2023, the Company entered into a First Amendment to Credit Agreement pursuant to which Woodforest National Bank was added as a lender under the Credit Agreement for an aggregate commitment of $15.0 million, thereby increasing the aggregate commitments under the Credit Agreement from $45.0 million to $60.0 million.

Nicoya Lifesciences, Inc.

On October 13, 2023, SWK Funding entered into a credit agreement pursuant to which SWK Funding provided to Nicoya Lifesciences, Inc. (“Nicoya”) a term loan in the amount of $6.0 million. The loan matures on November 30, 2026. In connection with the loan, SWK Funding also received a warrant to purchase shares of Nicoya common stock.

22
 

ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our audited consolidated financial statements, and the MD&A included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (“Annual Report”), as well as our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in this report.

Overview

We have organized our operations into two segments: Finance Receivables and Pharmaceutical Development. These segments reflect the way the Company evaluates its business performance and manages its operations. Please refer to Part I. Financial Information, Item 1. Financial Statements, Note 9 of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding segment information.

23
 

Finance Receivables Portfolio Overview

The table below provides an overview of our outstanding finance receivables transactions as of, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 (in thousands, except rate, share and per share data).

                  Revenue (Loss)
Recognized		 
Royalty Purchases  Licensed Technology  Footnote   Funded
Amount		   GAAP
Balance		   3Q
2023		   Year-to-
Date		 
Besivance®  Ophthalmic antibiotic   (1)  $6,000   $—   $—   $14 
Best ABT, Inc.  Oncology diagnosis   (2), (3)    5,784    2,677    —    — 
Coflex®/Kybella®  Spinal stenosis/submental fullness        4,350    3,749    37    193 
Cambia®  NSAID migraine treatment   (4)   8,500    —    109    (10)
Duo Royalty  Japanese women’s health/cystic fibrosis        15,488    13,155    647    2,020 
Flowonix Medical, Inc.  Drug delivery device   (3), (5)    10,433    10,433    —    — 
Forfivo XL®  Depressive disorder treatment        6,000    1,353    408    898 
Ideal Implant, Inc.  Aesthetics   (3), (6)    4,239    4,239    —    — 
Iluvien®  Diabetic macular edema        16,501    14,927    519    1,570 
Veru, Inc.  Women’s health        10,000    3,481    131    395 

 

                         Revenue Recognized 
Term Loans  Type  Footnote   Maturity
Date		  Principal   GAAP
Balance		   Rate   3Q
2023		   Year-to-
Date		 
4Web, Inc.  First lien       12/31/24  $29,411   $31,597    12.8%  $1,185   $3,437 
AOTI, Inc.  First lien       03/21/27   12,000    12,067    11.0%   512    1,478 
Acer Therapeutics, Inc.  First lien   (7)  03/04/24   —    —    12.0%   —    1,560 
Elutia, Inc.  First lien       08/10/27   25,000    25,853    12.0%   1,035    2,968 
BIOLASE, Inc.  First lien       05/31/25   13,300    14,085    10.3%   578    1,674 
Biotricity, Inc.  First lien       12/21/26   12,364    12,426    14.5%   565    1,709 
CDMO Manufacturer  First lien       09/13/27   5,000    4,963    13.3%   36    36 
Epica International, Inc.  First lien       07/23/24   9,750    10,432    9.5%   428    1,490 
eTon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  First lien       11/13/24   5,845    6,047    10.0%   244    742 
Exeevo, Inc.  First lien       07/01/27   5,452    5,423    15.0%   230    684 
MedMinder Systems, Inc.  First lien       08/18/27   20,000    20,037    12.9%   725    2,122 
MolecuLight, Inc.  First lien       12/29/26   10,000    10,183    12.8%   479    1,385 
NeoLight, LLC  First lien       02/17/27   5,000    4,994    13.5%   213    506 
SKNV  First lien       05/15/27   13,497    13,682    10.4%   527    1,526 
Trio Healthcare Ltd.  First lien   (3)  07/01/26   9,152    9,128    12.5%   —    749 

 

                   Revenue Recognized 
Marketable Investments  Number of
Shares		   Footnote   Funded
Amount		   GAAP
Balance		   3Q23   Year-to-
Date		 
Secured Royalty Financing (Marketable Investment)   N/A    (2), (3)   $3,000   $50   $—   $— 
Epica International, Inc.   25,000         N/A    —    —    — 
SKNV   26,575         N/A    —    —    — 

 

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                   Other Income (Loss) Recognized 
Warrants to Purchase Stock  Number of
Shares		   Footnote   Exercise Price
per Share ($)		   GAAP
Balance		   3Q
2023		   Year-to-
Date		 
4Web, Inc.    TBD         $—   $—   $—   $— 
AOTI, Inc.   92,490         —    —    —    — 
Acer Therapeutics, Inc.   150,000         2.46    110    (3)   (187)
Acer Therapeutics, Inc.   100,000         1.51    76    (3)   (134)
Acer Therapeutics, Inc.   250,000         2.39    181    (6)   (263)
Acer Therapeutics, Inc.   500,000         1.00    392    (30)   15 
Acerus Pharmaceuticals Corporation   —         —    —    —    (5)
Aziyo Biologics, Inc.   157,895         6.65    191    (134)   (324)
Aziyo Biologics, Inc.   30,075         6.65    36    1    (62)
BIOLASE, Inc.   22,039         9.80    1    —    (4)
Biotricity, Inc.   57,536         6.26    8    (10)   (3)
CDMO Manufacturer   211,442         1.42    —    —    — 
CeloNova BioSciences, Inc.    TBD          —    —    —    — 
DxTerity Diagnostics, Inc.   2,019,231         —    —    —    — 
Epica International, Inc.    TBD          —    —    —    — 
eTon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.   51,239         5.86    98    37    55 
eTon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.   18,141         6.62    36    14    21 
Exeevo, Inc.   930         —    —    —    — 
EyePoint Pharmaceuticals, Inc.   40,910         11.00    146    (24)   126 
EyePoint Pharmaceuticals, Inc.   7,773         19.30    22    (4)   20 
MedMinder Systems, Inc.   72,324         —    —    —    — 
MolecuLight, Inc.    TBD          —    —    —    — 

 

       Revenue Recognized 
   Assets   3Q 2023   Year-to-Date 
Total finance receivables, gross  $234,931   $8,608   $27,146 
Total marketable investments   50    N/A    N/A 
Fair value of warrant assets   1,297    N/A    N/A 
Total assets, gross/revenues  $236,278   $8,608   $27,146 

 

(1) US royalty was paid off during the year ended December 31, 2021. SWK continues to receive insignificant royalties on international sales.
(2) Investment considered partially impaired.
(3) Investment on nonaccrual.
(4) Investment was paid off during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
(5) Flowonix Medical assets were sold to Algorithm Sciences, Inc. during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. In exchange for releasing its lien, SWK received cash at close and is expected to receive royalties on sales of two products. The finance receivable is now classified as a royalty.
(6) In July 2023, Ideal Implant assets were sold to an aesthetics company, which is expected to pay SWK a mid-single digit, capped royalty on implant sales beginning in 2024.
(7) Loan was sold to a third party during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
   

Unless otherwise specified, our senior secured debt assets generally are repaid by a revenue interest that is charged on a company’s quarterly net sales and royalties.

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Environmental, Social and Governance

As overseers of risk and stewards of long-term enterprise value, our management and Board of Directors (“Board”) play a vital role in assessing, identifying and understanding the potential impact and related risks of environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) issues on the organization’s operating model. Our Board and management are committed to identifying those ESG issues most likely to impact business operations and growth by focusing our investment strategy around supporting innovative, growth-oriented companies in the life sciences industry that maximize both social and investment value.

Among the ESG issues we support within the Company, we are committed to recruiting, motivating and developing a diversity of talent. We promote and foster a company culture where every voice is welcome, heard and respected, regardless of age, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, physical conditions, cultural background or country of origin. Our commitment to ESG initiatives is an endeavor both the Board and management undertake for the general betterment of those both inside and outside the Company.

The nature of our business supports environmental sustainability by being mindful of products we and our partners use in our businesses. We promote recycling to reduce landfill, and we offer our employees a hybrid work model, which allows employees the flexibility to work remotely, thereby reducing the carbon output from commuting in cars or buses.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our critical accounting policies and estimates are described in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report. We believe there have been no new critical accounting policies or material changes to our existing critical accounting policies and estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to those discussed in our Annual Report.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Part I. Financial Information, Item 1. Financial Statements, Note 1 of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a listing of recent accounting pronouncements and their potential impact to our consolidated financial statements.

Comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in millions)

   Three Months Ended
September 30,		     
   2023   2022   Change $ 
Revenues  $9.0   $13.6   $(4.6)
Provision for credit losses   0.2    —    0.2 
Interest expense   0.2    0.1    0.1 
Pharmaceutical manufacturing, research and development expense   0.6    1.8    (1.2)
Depreciation and amortization expense   0.7    0.6    0.1 
General and administrative   3.0    4.3    (1.3)
Other (expense) income, net   (0.2)   1.8    (2.0)
Income tax expense   (0.4)    1.9    (2.3)
Net income   4.5    6.6    (2.1)

 

Revenues

Revenues decreased to $9.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $13.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The $4.6 million decrease in revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2023 consisted of a $4.7 million decrease in Pharmaceutical Development segment revenue and a $0.1 million increase in Finance Receivables segment revenue. The $4.7 million decrease in Pharmaceutical Development segment revenue was primarily due to $5.0 million of milestone revenue related to Enteris’ License Agreement with Cara received during the three months ended September 30, 2022, and no similar milestone revenue was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2023. The $0.1 million increase in Finance Receivables segment revenue was primarily the result of an increase in reference rates.

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Provision for Credit Losses

Our allowance for credit losses is established through charges or credits to income in the form of the provision in order to bring our allowance for credit losses for loans and unfunded commitments to a level deemed appropriate by management. Our allowance for credit losses increased by $0.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in the provision for credit losses resulted from the reclassification of a term loan to a royalty during the three months ended September 30, 2023, as our royalties have slightly higher historic loss rates than our term loans. Please refer to Part I. Financial Information, Item 1. Financial Statements, Note 3 of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the provision for credit losses and the reclassification of the Flowonix term loan to a royalty.

Interest Expense

Interest expense consists of interest accrued on our revolving line of credit, unused line of credit and maintenance fees, as well as amortization of debt issuance costs. Interest expense increased to $0.2 million for three months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The $0.1 million increase in interest expense was due to an increase in debt issuance costs and unused line fees related to the First Horizon Credit Agreement signed on June 28, 2023, which increased our line of credit from $30.0 million to $45.0 million. On June 28, 2023, we terminated the Prior Credit Agreement with Cadence Bank and entered into a new Credit Agreement with First Horizon Bank. Please refer to Part I. Financial Information, Item 1. Financial Statements, Note 5 of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Credit Agreement with First Horizon.

Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, Research and Development Expense

Pharmaceutical manufacturing, research and development expense decreased from $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 to $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The $1.2 million decrease was primarily due to a reduction in headcount, as well as a reduction in research and development and clinical trial expenditures.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense increased from $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 to $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Depreciation and amortization primarily consists of amortization expense related to the intangible assets of Enteris. Amortization expense is aligned with the expected future cash flows of the intangible assets.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation; stock-based compensation and related costs for management, staff and Board; legal and audit expenses; and corporate governance expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased to $3.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The $1.3 million decrease was primarily driven by a one-time severance payment of $1.1 million paid to the former CEO during the three months ended September 30, 2022, as well as a $0.4 million decrease in one-time professional fees expense related to corporate strategic planning. The decrease was partially offset by $0.2 million increase in Board fees and other related expense due to a revised Board compensation plan.

Other (Expense) Income, Net

Other expense, net for three months ended September 30, 2023 reflected a net aggregate fair market value loss of $0.2 million on our warrant derivatives and a $0.1 million net loss from the remeasurement of foreign currency transactions into our functional currency, net of changes in fair value of the foreign currency forward contract.

Other income, net for the three months ended September 30, 2022 reflected a net aggregate fair market value gain of $1.8 million on our warrant derivatives and Bioventus, Inc. (“Bioventus”) common stock. Our Bioventus common stock was sold during the year ended December 31, 2022.

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Income Tax (Benefit) Expense

During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recognized income tax benefit of $0.4 million and $1.9 million of income tax expense, respectively. The decrease in income tax expense is primarily due to a decrease in taxable income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 when compared to the same period of the previous year, as well as the additional release of the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets resulting from an increase in management's forecasted future taxable income in 2023 when compared to 2022.

Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in millions)

   Nine Months Ended
September 30,		     
   2023   2022   Change $ 
Revenues  $27.9   $31.7   $(3.8)
Benefit from credit losses   (0.5)   —    (0.5)
Interest expense   0.7    0.2    0.5 
Pharmaceutical manufacturing, research and development expense   2.8    5.2    (2.4)
Depreciation and amortization expense   1.9    2.0    (0.1)
General and administrative   8.5    10.5    (2.0)
Other (expense) income, net   (0.3)   0.1    (0.4)
Income tax expense   1.0    3.2    (2.2)
Net income   13.0    10.7    2.3 

 

Revenues

Revenues decreased to $27.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from $31.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The $3.8 million decrease in revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 consisted of a $5.3 million decrease in Pharmaceutical Development segment revenue and a $1.5 million increase in Finance Receivables segment revenue. The $5.3 million decrease in Pharmaceutical Development segment revenue was primarily due to $5.0 million of milestone revenue related to Enteris’ License Agreement with Cara received during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and no similar milestone revenue was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The $1.5 million increase in Finance Receivables segment revenue was primarily due to $6.5 million increase in interest and fees earned due to funding new and existing loans and a $4.1 million increase in interest earned on our finance receivables due to an overall increase in reference rates. The increase was partially offset and a net $0.7 million decrease in royalty revenue when compared to the same period of the previous year and an $8.5 million decrease in interest, royalties and fees earned on finance receivables that were paid off in 2022 and 2023.

Benefit from Credit Losses

Our allowance for credit losses is established through charges or credits to income in the form of the provision in order to bring our allowance for credit losses for loans and unfunded commitments to a level deemed appropriate by management. We recognized a $0.5 million benefit for credit losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in the provision for credit losses resulted from an overall decrease in our finance receivables. The decrease was partially offset by the addition of a term loan, as well as the reclassification of a term loan to a royalty during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as our royalties have slightly higher historic loss rates than our term loans. Please refer to Part I. Financial Information, Item 1. Financial Statements, Note 3 of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the provision for credit losses and the reclassification of the Flowonix term loan to a royalty.

Interest Expense

Interest expense consists of interest accrued on our revolving line of credit, unused line of credit and maintenance fees, as well as amortization of debt issuance costs. Interest expense increased to $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This $0.5 million increase in interest expense was due to the acceleration of debt issuance costs related to the Prior Credit Agreement with Cadence Bank, as well as interest expense incurred on both the Prior Credit Agreement and the new Credit Agreement with First Horizon Bank. On June 28, 2023, we terminated the Prior Credit Agreement with Cadence Bank and entered into a new Credit Agreement with First Horizon Bank. Please refer to Part I. Financial Information, Item 1. Financial Statements, Note 5 of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Credit Agreement with First Horizon.

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Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, Research and Development Expense

Pharmaceutical manufacturing, research and development expense decreased from $5.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to $2.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The $2.4 million decrease was primarily due to a reduction in headcount, as well as a reduction in research and development and clinical trial expenditures.

Depreciation and Amortization

We recognized $1.9 million and $2.0 million of depreciation and amortization expense during both the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Depreciation and amortization primarily consists of amortization expense related to the intangible assets of Enteris. Amortization expense is aligned with the expected future cash flows of the intangible assets.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation; stock-based compensation and related costs for management, staff and Board; legal and audit expenses; and corporate governance expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased to $8.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from $10.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The $2.0 million decrease was primarily driven by a one-time severance payment of $1.1 million paid to the former CEO during the three months ended September 30, 2022; a $0.7 million decrease in one-time professional fees and other expense related to corporate strategic planning; and a net $0.4 million decrease in Enteris operational expenses due to a reduction in headcount and business development expense. The decrease was partially offset by $0.2 million increase in Board fees and other related expense due to a revised Board compensation plan.

Other (Expense) Income, Net

Other expense, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 reflected a net aggregate fair market value loss of $0.8 million on our warrant derivatives and a $0.4 million gain from the remeasurement of foreign currency transactions into our functional currency, net of changes in fair value of the foreign currency forward contract.

Other income, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 reflected a net aggregate fair market value gain of $0.1 million on our warrant derivatives and Bioventus, Inc. (“Bioventus”) common stock. Our Bioventus common stock was sold during the year ended December 31, 2022.

Income Tax Expense

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recognized income tax expense of $1.0 million and $3.2 million, respectively. The decrease in income tax expense is primarily due to the additional release of the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets resulting from an increase in management's forecasted future taxable income in 2023 when compared to 2022.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of September 30, 2023, we had $31.0 million in cash and cash equivalents, compared to $6.2 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022. The primary driver of the $24.9 million increase in our cash balance was $43.9 million of interest, fees, principal and royalty payments received on our finance receivables and a $19.6 million net increase on our credit facility. The increase in cash and cash equivalents was partially offset by $18.8 million of investment funding, net of deferred fees and origination expenses; payroll, accounts payable and credit facility closing costs of $14.1 million; and $6.1 million to repurchase shares of the Company’s common stock in the open market.

29
 

We entered into a new $45.0 million revolving credit facility in June 2023 with First Horizon Bank. The Credit Agreement provides for one or more incremental increases not to exceed $80.0 million, subject to the consent of the Agent and each Lender, at any time prior to the Commitment Termination Date. As of September 30, 2023, $22.0 million was outstanding under the new Credit Agreement, and $23.0 million was available for borrowing.

On October 10, 2023, the Company entered into a First Amendment to Credit Agreement pursuant to which Woodforest National Bank was added as a lender under the Credit Agreement for an aggregate commitment of $15.0 million, thereby increasing the aggregate commitments under the Credit Agreement from $45.0 million to $60.0 million. Our Prior Credit Agreement with Cadence Bank was terminated in connection with the establishment of the new Credit Agreement (please refer to Part I. Financial Information, Item 1. Financial Statements, Notes 5 and 10 of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Credit Agreement with First Horizon Bank).

On October 3, 2023, the Company completed a registered underwritten public offering of $30.0 million of the Company’s 9.00 percent Senior Notes due 2027 (the “Notes”). On October 27, 2023, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase an additional $2,9 million in aggregate principal amount of the Notes. The Notes will mature on January 31, 2027, unless earlier redeemed, and will bear interest at a rate of 9.00 percent per annum, payable quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year and at maturity, commencing on December 31, 2023. The Company received net proceeds after discounts and commissions, but before expenses and fees, of approximately $31.9 million.

Our ability to generate cash in the future depends primarily upon our success in implementing our Finance Receivables business model of generating income by providing capital to a broad range of life science companies, institutions and inventors, as well as the success of our Pharmaceutical Development segment. We generate income primarily from four sources:

1.Primarily owning or financing through debt investments, royalties generated by the sales of life science products and related intellectual property;
2.Receiving interest and other income by advancing capital in the form of secured debt to companies in the life science sector;
3.Pharmaceutical development, manufacturing, and licensing activities utilizing the Peptelligence® platform; and
4.To a lesser extent, realizing capital appreciation from equity-related investments in the life science sector.

As of September 30, 2023, our finance receivables portfolio contains $223.6 million of net finance receivables and $0.1 million of marketable investments. We expect these assets to generate positive cash flows in 2023. However, we continuously monitor the short and long-term financial position of our finance receivables portfolio. In addition, the majority of our finance receivables portfolio are debt instruments that carry floating interest rates with a SOFR, Prime, or LIBOR-based interest rate floor. Changes in interest rates may affect the interest income for debt instruments with floating rates. We believe we are well positioned to benefit should market interest rates rise in the future.

We continue to evaluate multiple attractive opportunities that, if consummated, we believe would similarly generate additional income. Since the timing of any investment is difficult to predict, our Finance Receivables segment may not be able to generate positive cash flow above what our existing assets are expected to produce in 2023. We do not assume any near-term repayments from borrowers, and as a result, no assurances can be given that actual results would not differ materially from the statement above.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the normal course of operations, we engage in a variety of financial transactions that, in accordance with GAAP, are not recorded in our consolidated financial statements. These transactions involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit, interest rate, and liquidity risk. Such transactions are used primarily to manage partner companies’ requests for funding and take the form of loan commitments and lines of credit.

The contractual amounts of commitments to extend credit represent the amounts of potential accounting loss should the contract be fully drawn upon, the partner company defaults, and the value of any existing collateral becomes worthless. We use the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as we do for on-balance sheet instruments.

As of September 30, 2023, we had $7.4 million of unfunded commitments. Please refer to Part I. Financial Information, Item 1. Financial Statements, Note 6 of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Company’s commitments and contingencies.

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ITEM 3.      QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK. 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our cash and cash equivalents were deposited in accounts at well capitalized financial institutions. The fair value of our cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2023 approximated its carrying value.

Investment and Interest Rate Risk 

We are subject to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk is defined as the sensitivity of our current and future earnings to interest rate volatility, variability of spread relationships, the difference in re-pricing intervals between our assets and liabilities and the effect that interest rates may have on our cash flow.

As we seek to provide capital to a broad range of life science companies, institutions and investors with the majority of our finance receivables portfolio paying interest based on floating interest rates with a reference rate floor, our net investment income is dependent, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which we earn on our cash and cash equivalents and the rate at which we lend those funds to third parties. As a result, we are subject to risks relating to changes in market interest rates. We may use interest rate risk management techniques in an effort to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations by providing capital at variable interest rates. We do not currently engage in any interest rate hedging activities. We constantly monitor our portfolio and position our portfolio to respond appropriately to a reduction in credit rating of any of our investments.

We maintain a revolving credit facility. As we borrow funds to make additional investments, our income will depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which we borrow funds and the rate at which we invest those funds. As a result, we are subject to risks relating to changes in market interest rates. In periods of rising interest rates when we have debt outstanding, our cost of funds would increase, which could reduce our income, especially to the extent we continue to hold fixed rate investments. We generally seek to mitigate this risk by pricing our debt investments with floating interest rates to maintain the spread of our portfolio over the cost of leverage. If deemed prudent, we may use interest rate risk management techniques in an effort to minimize our exposure to interest rate fluctuations, which we have not done. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging transactions could have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on our investment income, net of borrowing expenses.

Inflation

Certain of our partner companies may be impacted by inflation. If such partner companies are unable to pass any increases in their costs along to their customers, it could adversely affect their results and impact their ability to pay interest and principal on our loans. In addition, any projected future decreases in our partner companies’ operating results due to inflation could adversely impact the fair value of those investments. Any decreases in the fair value of our investments could result in future unrealized losses and therefore reduce carrying value of our net assets.

ITEM 4.      CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

In connection with the preparation of this report, our management, under the supervision and with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

There have been no changes during the three months ended September 30, 2023 in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.      LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

We are involved in, or have been involved in, arbitrations or various other legal proceedings that arise from the normal course of our business. We cannot predict the timing or outcome of these claims and other proceedings. The ultimate outcome of any litigation is uncertain, and either unfavorable or favorable outcomes could have a material negative impact on our results of operations, balance sheets and cash flows due to defense costs, and divert management resources. Currently, we are not involved in any arbitration and/or other legal proceeding that we expect to have a material effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS

Information regarding the Company’s risk factors appears in “Part I. – Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023. There are no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

On May 31, 2022, the Board authorized a share repurchase program under which the Company was previously authorized to repurchase up to $10.0 million of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock from time to time until May 15, 2023, through a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations, including Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act (the “Prior Repurchase Program”). The purchase period for the Prior Repurchase Program was July 1, 2022 through May 15, 2023.

On May 16, 2023, the Company announced that the Board had authorized the Company to repurchase up to $10.0 million of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock from time-to-time until May 16, 2024, through a trading plan established in compliance with Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act (the “New Repurchase Program”). The actual timing, number and value of shares repurchased under the New Repurchase Program will depend on several factors, including the constraints specified in the Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, price, and general market conditions. There is no guarantee as to the exact number of shares that will be repurchased under the New Repurchase Program. Our Board may also suspend or discontinue the New Repurchase Program at any time, in its sole discretion. The purchase period for the New Repurchase Program is May 16, 2023 through May 16, 2024.

The table below summarizes information about our purchases of common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2023:

Period  Total Number of
Shares Purchased		   Average
Price Paid
per Share		   Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plan		   Maximum Approximate
Dollar Value That May
Yet Be Repurchased
Under the Plan		 
July 1, 2023 - July 31, 2023   18,858   $16.23    18,858   $5,463 
August 1, 2023 - August 31, 2023   18,043    15.99    18,043    5,174 
September 1, 2023 - September 30, 2023   23,434    15.73    23,434    4,805 
    60,335   $15.96    60,335      

 

As of September 30, 2023, the Company has repurchased an aggregate of 113,639 shares under the Prior Repurchase Program and an aggregate of 311,855 shares under the New Repurchase Program at a total cost of $7.2 million, or $16.99 per share. As of September 30, 2023, the maximum dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the New Repurchase Program was approximately $4.8 million of shares of common stock. No shares are available for repurchase under the Prior Repurchase Program, which expired on May 15, 2023.

ITEM 3.      DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

None.

ITEM 4.      MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not Applicable.

ITEM 5.      OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

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ITEM 6.       EXHIBITS

            Filing   Filed
Number   Exhibit Description   Form   Exhibit   Date   Herewith
                     
4.1   Indenture dated as of October 3, 2023, between the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee.   8-K   4.1   October 3, 2023    
                     
4.4   First Supplemental Indenture dated as of October 3, 2023, between the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee.   8-K   4.2   October 3, 2023    
                     
4.2.1   Form of 9.00% Senior Notes due 2027 (included as Exhibit A to 4.2 above)   8-K   4.2.1   October 3, 2023    
                     
10.1   First Amendment to Credit Agreement dated October 10, 2023 by and among the Company, SWK Funding LLC, the financial institutions party thereto and First Horizon Bank as a Lender and Agent.   8-K   10.1   October 13, 2023    
                     
31.01   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.               X
                     
31.02   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.               X
                     
32.01   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*               X
                     
32.02   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*               X
                     
101.INS+   XBRL Instance               X
                     
101.SCH+   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema               X
                     
101.CAL+   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation               X
                     
101.DEF+   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition               X
                     
101.LAB+   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels               X
                     
101.PRE+   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation               X
                     

* These certifications accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. They are not deemed “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference in any filing of SWK Holdings Corporation under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any filings. 

+ XBRL information is furnished and not filed or a part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on November 8, 2023.

  SWK Holdings Corporation
     
  By: /s/ Joe D. Staggs
    Joe D. Staggs
    President and Chief Executive Officer
    (Principal Executive Officer)
     
  By: /s/ Yvette M. Heinrichson
    Yvette M. Heinrichson
    Chief Financial Officer
    (Principal Financial Officer)
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