10-Q 1 form10q.htm FORM 10Q QUARTER 1 2009 form10q.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

[X]   Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009

or

[_]   Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934

For the Transition Period From ___________ to ___________

Commission file number 0-30318

INVENTIV HEALTH, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

             Delaware                                             52-2181734
(State or other jurisdiction                             (IRS Employer
of incorporation or organization)                          Identification No.)

200 Cottontail Lane
Vantage Court North
Somerset, New Jersey 08873
(Address of principal executive office and zip code)

(800) 416-0555
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X]  No [_]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [ ]  No [_]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer [X]                                                                           Accelerated filer [ ]                                                      Non-accelerated filer [_]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes [_] No [X]

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

As of April 24, 2009, there were 33,449,474 outstanding shares of the registrant's common stock.




INVENTIV HEALTH, INC.
INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON
FORM 10-Q

 
 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
EXHIBITS
 
 

 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The forward-looking statements are only predictions and provide our current expectations or forecasts of future events and financial performance and may be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “may,” “will” or “should” or, in each case, their negative, or other variations or comparable terminology, though the absence of these words does not necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking.

We intend that all forward-looking statements be subject to the safe-harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are subject to many risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from any future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include all matters that are not historical facts and include, without limitation statements concerning:

 
·
our business strategy, outlook, objectives, plans, intentions and goals;
 
·
our estimates regarding our liquidity, capital expenditures and sources of both, and our ability to fund our operations and planned capital expenditures for the foreseeable future;
 
·
our belief that our growth and success will depend on our ability to continue to enhance the quality of our existing services, introduce new services on a timely and cost-effective basis, integrate new services with existing services, increase penetration with existing customers, recruit, motivate and retain qualified personnel and economically train existing sales representatives and recruit new sales representatives;
·
our anticipation that it will be necessary to continue to select, invest in and develop new and enhanced technology and end-user databases on a timely basis in the future in order to maintain our competitiveness;
 
·
our expectations regarding the impact of our acquisitions, joint ventures and partnerships;
·
our expectations regarding the impact of the adoption of certain accounting standards;
 
·
our expectations regarding the potential impact of pending litigation; and                                                                                                    
  · our expectations regarding the liquidation of the Columbia Strategic Cash Portfolio.
 
These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions. We wish to caution readers that certain important factors may have affected and could in the future affect our actual results and could cause actual results to differ significantly from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. The most important factors that could prevent us from achieving our goals, and cause the assumptions underlying forward-looking statements and the actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by those forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:

 
·
the potential impact of a recessionary environment on our customers and business;
 
·
our ability to sufficiently increase our revenues and maintain or decrease expenses and cash capital expenditures to permit us to fund our operations;
 
·
our ability to continue to comply with the covenants and terms of our credit facility and to access sufficient capital under our credit agreement or from other sources of debt or equity financing to fund our operations;
 
·
the impact of any default by any of our credit providers or swap counterparties;
 
·
our ability to accurately forecast costs to be incurred in providing services under fixed price contracts, including with respect to the leasing costs for our fleet vehicles and related fuel costs;
 
·
the possibility that customer agreements will be terminated or not renewed;
 
·
our ability to grow our existing client relationships, obtain new clients and cross-sell our services;
·  
    our ability to successfully operate new lines of business;
·  
    our ability to manage our infrastructure and resources to support our growth;
·  
    our ability to successfully identify new businesses to acquire, conclude acquisition negotiations and integrate the acquired businesses into our operations;
·  
    any disruptions, impairments, or malfunctions affecting software as well as excessive costs or delays that may adversely impact our continued investment in and development of software.
·  
    the potential impact of government regulation on us and on our clients base;
·  
    our ability to comply with all applicable laws as well as our ability to successfully implement from a timing and cost perspective any changes in applicable laws;
·  
    our ability to recruit, motivate and retain qualified personnel, including sales representatives and clinical staff;
·  
    our ability to maintain technological advantages in a variety of functional areas, including sales force automation, electronic claims surveillance and patient compliance
·  
    the actual impact of the adoption of certain accounting standards;
·  
    the actual outcome of pending litigation;
·  
    any potential impairment of intangible assets;
·  
    consolidation in the pharmaceutical industry;
·       changes in trends in the pharmaceutical industry or in pharmaceutical outsourcing; and
·       our ability to determine the actual time at which the liquidation of our Columbia Strategic Cash Portfolio will be completed or the total losses that we will actually realize from that investment vehicle.
 
Investors should carefully consider these risk factors and the matters discussed under Item 1A, Risk Factors, of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.

Except to the extent required by applicable laws or rules, we do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements or to publicly announce revisions to any of the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
 
INVENTIV HEALTH, INC.
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2009
(unaudited)
   
2008
(Revised)
 
ASSETS
           
Current assets:
           
Cash and equivalents
  $ 90,179     $ 90,463  
Restricted cash and marketable securities
    4,827       8,069  
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $4,283 and $4,787 at
               
March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively
    150,118       158,689  
Unbilled services
    78,829       86,390  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    11,806       16,880  
Current tax assets
    595       595  
Current deferred tax assets
    9,588       9,198  
Total current assets
    345,942       370,284  
                 
Property and equipment, net
    63,510       63,382  
Equity investments
    1,428       1,423  
Goodwill
    215,705       215,526  
Other intangibles, net
    223,179       226,509  
Non-current deferred tax assets
    72,143       75,172  
Deposits and other assets
    22,619       20,820  
Total assets
  $ 944,526     $ 973,116  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
                 
Current liabilities:
               
Current portion of capital lease obligations
  $ 12,076     $ 13,417  
Current portion of long-term debt
    4,266       4,279  
Accrued payroll, accounts payable and accrued expenses
    99,821       129,009  
Current income tax liabilities
    4,472       2,736  
Client advances and unearned revenue
    52,684       57,223  
Total current liabilities
    173,319       206,664  
                 
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion
    22,828       25,010  
Long-term debt
    320,935       321,828  
Non-current income tax liabilities
    5,666       5,636  
Other non-current liabilities
    44,988       46,334  
Total liabilities
    567,736       605,472  
                 
Equity:
               
 inVentiv Health Inc. stockholders’ equity:
               
   Preferred stock, $.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding at
               
    March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively
    --       --  
   Common stock, $.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 33,370,186 and 33,272,543
               
   Shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively
    33       33  
  Additional paid-in-capital
    395,491       394,560  
  Accumulated other comprehensive losses
    (20,255 )     (20,869 )
  Accumulated earnings (deficit)
    1,699       (6,210 )
              Total inVentiv Health Inc. stockholders’ equity
    376,968       367,514  
Noncontrolling interest
    (178 )     130  
              Total equity
    376,790       367,644  
              Total liabilities and equity
  $ 944,526     $ 973,116  
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

 
 

 

INVENTIV HEALTH, INC.
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)

       
   
For the Three-Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
(Revised)
 
Net revenues
  $ 220,984     $ 224,578  
Reimbursable out-of-pockets
    36,668       37,743  
   Total revenues
    257,652       262,321  
                 
Operating expenses:
               
Cost of services
    144,486       142,789  
Reimbursed out-of-pocket expenses
    36,690       37,484  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    57,154       62,206  
 Total operating expenses
    238,330       242,479  
                 
Operating income
    19,322       19,842  
Interest expense
    (5,774 )     (6,382 )
Interest income
    65       830  
Income from continuing operations before income tax provision and income (loss) from equity investments
      13,613         14,290  
Income tax provision
    (5,772 )     (5,642 )
Income from continuing operations before income (loss) from equity investments
    7,841       8,648  
Income (loss) from equity investments
    17       (40 )
Income from continuing operations
    7,858       8,608  
                 
Income from discontinued operations:
               
Gains on disposals of discontinued operations, net of taxes
    --       12  
Income from discontinued operations
    --       12  
                 
Net income
    7,858       8,620  
   Less:  Net loss (income) attributable to the noncontrolling
       Interest
    51       (576 )
Net income attributable to inVentiv Health Inc.
  $ 7,909     $ 8,044  
                 
Earnings per share (see Note 7):
               
Continuing operations attributable to inVentiv Health Inc.:
               
Basic
  $ 0.24     $ 0.25  
Diluted
  $ 0.24     $ 0.24  
Discontinued operations attributable to inVentiv Health Inc.:
               
Basic
  $ 0.00     $ 0.00  
Diluted
  $ 0.00     $ 0.00  
Net income attributable to inVentiv Health Inc.:
               
Basic
  $ 0.24     $ 0.25  
Diluted
  $ 0.24     $ 0.24  
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
               
Basic
    33,351       32,623  
Diluted
    33,460       33,120  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

 

INVENTIV HEALTH, INC.
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
   
For the Three-Months Ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
(Revised)
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
           
    Net income attributable to inVentiv Health Inc.
   $ 7,909      $ 8,044  
    Income from discontinued operations
    --       (12 )
    Net (loss) income attributable to the noncontrolling
       Interest
    (51 )     576  
Income from continuing operations
    7,858       8,608  
  Adjustments to reconcile net income  to net cash  provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation
    5,360       4,953  
Amortization
    3,154       3,657  
Tradename writeoff
    117       --  
(Income) loss from equity investments
    (17 )     40  
Adjustment on derivative financial instrument
    --       323  
Deferred taxes
    2,639       (2,694 )
Adjustment on marketable securities
    (1,682 )     491  
Stock compensation expense
    2,561       2,528  
Tax benefit from stock option exercises and vesting of restricted shares
    594       1,780  
                 
  Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects from discontinued operations:
               
Accounts receivable, net
    8,571       29,811  
Unbilled services
    7,561       (21,551 )
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    5,074       6,085  
Accrued payroll, accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (12,519 )     (12,974 )
Net tax liabilities
    35       (7,915 )
Client advances and unearned revenue
    (4,539 )     (10,304 )
Excess tax benefits from stock based compensation
    1,137       (366 )
Other
    (3,967 )     7,599  
Net cash provided by continuing operations
    21,937       10,071  
Net cash used in discontinued operations
    (613 )     (144 )
Net cash provided by operating activities
    21,324       9,927  
                 
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Restricted cash balances and marketable securities
    4,924       15,305  
Investment in cash value of life insurance policies
    1,865       (583 )
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired
    (517 )     (1,263 )
Acquisition earn-out payments
    (16,792 )     (16,234 )
Equity investments
    12       (67 )
Purchases of property and equipment
    (4,727 )     (5,332 )
Proceeds from manufacturers rebates on leased vehicles
    434       38  
Net cash used in continuing operations
    (14,801 )     (8,136 )
Net cash provided by discontinued operations
    613       156  
Net cash used in investing activities
    (14,188 )     (7,980 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Repayments on long-term debt
    42       (825 )
Borrowings under line of credit
    (948 )     --  
Repayments on capital lease obligations
    (4,272 )     (4,414 )
Withholding shares for taxes
    (506 )     (1,025 )
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
    13       1,357  
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
    (1,137 )     366  
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in affiliated partnership
    (257 )     (262 )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
    (7,065 )     (4,803 )
                 
Effect of exchange rate changes
    (355 )     7  
                 
Net change in cash and equivalents
    (284 )     (2,849 )
Cash and equivalents, beginning of period
    90,463       50,973  
Cash and equivalents, end of period
  $ 90,179     $ 48,124  
                 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
               
Cash paid for interest
  $ 5,632     $ 5,980  
Cash paid for income taxes
  $ 2,580     $ 8,982  
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash activities:
               
Vehicles acquired through capital lease agreements
  $ 3,279     $ 7,405  
Stock issuance related to acquisitions
  $ --     $ 15,619  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
 


 
INVENTIV HEALTH, INC.
 

1.          Organization and Business:

inVentiv Health Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, “inVentiv”, or the “Company”) is a leading provider of value-added services to the pharmaceutical and life sciences industries.  The Company supports a broad range of clinical development, communications and commercialization activities that are critical to its customers' ability to complete the development of new drug products and medical devices and successfully bring them to market.  The Company’s goal is to assist its customers in meeting their objectives in each of its operational areas by providing our services on a flexible and cost-effective basis that permits the Company to provide discrete service offerings in focused areas as well as integrated multidisciplinary solutions.  The Company provides services to over 350 client organizations, including all top 20 global pharmaceutical companies and numerous emerging and specialty biotechnology companies.

The Company’s service offerings reflect the changing needs of its clients as their products move through the late-stage development and regulatory approval processes and into product launch.  The Company has established expertise and leadership in providing the services its clients require at each of these stages of product development and commercialization and seek to address their outsourced service needs on a comprehensive basis throughout the product life cycle through both standalone and integrated solutions.

Business Segments

The Company currently serves its clients primarily through four business segments, which correspond to its reporting segments for 2009:

·  
inVentiv Clinical, which provides professional resourcing and services to the pharmaceutical, biotech and device companies.  Professional resourcing services include providing clinical research professionals in support of clients’ research efforts, including permanent placement, clinical staffing, and strategic resource teams.  In addition, inVentiv Clinical provides its clinical research clients with outsourced functional services in various areas, including clinical operations, medical affairs and biometrics/data management. inVentiv Clinical consists of the Smith Hanley group of companies (which includes Smith Hanley Associates (“SHA”), Smith Hanley Consulting Group (“SHCG”) and MedFocus), HHI Clinical & Statistical Research Services (“HHI”), and Synergos;
 
·  
inVentiv Communications, which provides services related to pharmaceutical advertising, branding, public relations, interactive communications and physician education.  This segment includes inVentiv Communications, Inc., Jeffrey Simbrow Associates (“JSAI”), Ignite Health and Incendia Health Studios (collectively, “Ignite”), Chamberlain Communications Group, Inc. (“Chamberlain”), Addison Whitney, Angela Liedler GmbH ("Liedler") and Chandler Chicco Agency (“CCA”);
 
·  
inVentiv Commercial, which consists of our outsourced sales and marketing teams, planning and analytics services, sample accountability services, marketing support services, professional development and training, and recruitment of sales representatives in the commercial services area.  This segment includes Advance Insights, formerly known as inVentiv Strategy & Analytics, and inVentiv Selling Solutions.  inVentiv Selling Solutions includes Promotech Logistics Solutions LLC ("PLS"), acquired in December 2008; and
 
·  
inVentiv Patient Outcomes, which provides services related to patient pharmaceutical compliance programs, patient support programs, clinical educator teams, medical cost containment and consulting solutions and patient relationship marketing.  This segment includes Adheris, Inc. (“Adheris”), The Franklin Group (“Franklin”), The Therapeutics Institute (“TTI”), AWAC and Patient Marketing Group, LLC. (“PMG”) (acquired in August 2008).
 
The Company’s services are designed to develop, execute and monitor strategic and tactical sales and marketing plans and programs for the promotion of pharmaceutical, biotechnology and other life sciences products.  For third party administrators and other payors, the Company provides a variety of services that enhance savings and improve patient outcomes, including opportunities to address billing errors, additional discounts and treatment protocols for patients.

2.           Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements present the condensed consolidated balance sheets, condensed consolidated results of operations and condensed consolidated cash flows of the Company and its subsidiaries (the "condensed consolidated financial statements"). These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) related to interim financial statements. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted.  The Company believes that the disclosures made herein are adequate such that the information presented is not misleading. These condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) that, in the opinion of management, are necessary to fairly present the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the condensed consolidated income statements of the Company for the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 and the condensed consolidated cash flows for the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.  Operating results for the three-months ended March 31, 2009 are not indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2009. Certain amounts presented for prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.  See Note 3 for the retrospective application of SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS 160”).

These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2009.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of inVentiv Health, Inc., its wholly owned subsidiaries and its 60% owned subsidiary, Taylor Search Partners (“TSP”), which was acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of inVentiv Communications, Inc.  Our continuing operations consist primarily of four business segments: inVentiv Clinical, inVentiv Communications, inVentiv Commercial and inVentiv Patient Outcomes.  All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  The Company increased its investment interest from 44% to 85% in Liedler, a service provider of communication and marketing tools for technical, medical and pharmaceutical products, located in Germany.  The Company accounted for Liedler as an equity investment until the acquisition date, and then included its results in our consolidated results thereafter.

As a result of the acquisition of inVentiv Communications, Inc., the Company has a 15% ownership interest in Heart Reklambyra AB (“Heart”), an advertising agency located in Sweden, which is accounted for by using the equity method of accounting.
 
3.           Recently Issued Accounting Standards:
 
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly”, which provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157 when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have decreased significantly. FSP FAS 157-4 also provides guidance on identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly. The provisions of FSP FAS 157-4 are effective for the Company’s interim period ending on June 30, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the provisions of FSP FAS 157-4 may have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments”, which requires disclosures about fair value of financial instruments in interim reporting periods of publicly traded companies that were previously only required to be disclosed in annual financial statements. The provisions of FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 are effective for the Company’s interim period ending on June 30, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the provisions of FSP 107-1 and APB 28-1 may have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments”, which provides additional guidance designed to create greater clarity and consistency in accounting for and presenting impairment losses on securities. The provisions of FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 are effective for the Company’s interim period ending on June 30, 2009.  The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the provisions of FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 may have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In October 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. FSP FAS 157-3 “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active” (FSP FAS 157-3) which amends FAS 157 to include guidance on how to determine the fair value of a financial asset in an inactive market and which is effective immediately on issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements have not been issued.  The implementation of FSP FAS 157-3 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

In May 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 162 ("SFAS 162"), “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP in the United States (the GAAP hierarchy).  This Statement is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AICPA Codification of Auditing Standards, AU Section 411, "The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles."
 
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 161 “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133”, which requires additional disclosures regarding a company’s derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring disclosure of the fair values of derivative instruments and their gains and losses in a tabular format. It also requires disclosure of derivative features that are credit risk–related as well as cross-referencing within the notes to the financial statements to enable financial statement users to locate important information about derivative instruments, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company adopted SFAS 161, effective January 1, 2009, as required.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”), which addresses the recognition and accounting for identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and noncontrolling interests in business combinations. SFAS 141(R) also establishes expanded disclosure requirements for business combinations. SFAS 141(R) is  effective January 1, 2009, being applied prospectively for acquisitions after this date.  Since the Company has not had any acquisitions that are subject to the provisions of SFAS 141R, we continue to evaluate the impact of this standard on our condensed consolidated financial statements; however, this will be mainly dependent on the timing, nature and extent of our acquisitions consummated after January 1, 2009.  The Company adopted SFAS 141(R), effective January 1, 2009, as required.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS 160”), which addresses the accounting and reporting framework for minority interests by a parent company.  SFAS 160 also addresses disclosure requirements to distinguish between interests of the parent and interests of the noncontrolling owners of a subsidiary.  The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 160, effective January 1, 2009, as required.  As a result of the adoption, the Company has reported noncontrolling interest (previously minority interest) as a component of equity in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests has been separately identified in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements.  The prior periods presented have also been reclassified to conform to the current classification required by SFAS 160.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.  SFAS No. 159 provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value.  This statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of a fiscal year that begins on or before November 15, 2007, provided the entity also elects to apply the provisions of FASB Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements.  The Company’s adoption of SFAS 159, effective January 1, 2008, did not have a material effect on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, results of operations and cash flows as we did not elect this fair value option.

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”.  SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2008; as such, the Company has adopted SFAS 157 as of January 1, 2008, as required.
 
4.           Acquisitions:

Acquisitions are accounted for using purchase accounting, including SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, (“SFAS No. 141”) and the financial results of the acquired businesses are included in the Company’s financial statements from their acquisition dates.  If a business is acquired subsequent to a reporting period, but prior to the issuance of the Company’s financial statements, it is disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.  Earnout payments from acquisitions are generally accrued at the end of an earnout period in conjunction with the preparation of the Company’s quarterly financial statements when the acquired company’s results are reviewed, as more fully described below.  The terms of the acquisition agreements generally include multiple earnout periods or a multi-year earnout period.  Pro forma financial information was not required to be disclosed under the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulation S-X for the 2007 and 2008 acquisitions noted below because none of the specific thresholds were met as they were not material to the consolidated operations of the Company at the time of acquisition.

The following acquisitions were consummated during 2008:

PLS – In December 2008, the Company completed the acquisition of the net assets of PLS for approximately $7.2 million in cash, including certain post-closing adjustments and direct acquisition costs.  There are no earnout provisions related to this acquisition.  PLS is headquartered in New Jersey and provides non-personal promotion services, similar to our existing Promotech group.  PLS’ financial results have been reflected in the inVentiv Commercial segment since the date of its acquisition.

PMG - In August 2008, the Company completed the acquisition of the net assets of PMG for approximately $15.2 million in cash, including certain post-closing adjustments and direct acquisition costs.  The Company will be obligated to make certain earnout payments, which may be material, contingent on PMG’s performance measurements during 2008 through 2009.  PMG is headquartered in New Jersey and is a leading provider of patient relationship marketing services.  PMG’s financial results have been reflected in the inVentiv Patient Outcomes segment since the date of its acquisition.

The following acquisitions consummated prior to 2008 still have earnouts outstanding for future periods:
 
Acquisition
Acquisition Date
Segment
Unexpired Earnout Period
CCA
July 2007
Communications
July 2007- June 2010 (1)
AWAC
July 2007
Patient Outcomes
July 2007- June 2010
Addison Whitney
June 2007
Communications
July 2007- June 2010
Ignite
March 2007
Communications
April 2007- March 2010 (2)
Chamberlain
March 2007
Communications
January 2007-December 2009

(1)  Under certain circumstances a portion of the earnout amount will be deferred and become payable based on the financial results of the CCA for the period July 2010- June 2011.
(2)  If the earnout payment for such period exceeds a specified amount, the excess will be deferred and become payable based on the financial results of Ignite for the period April 2010- March 2011,
 
5.           Restricted Cash and Marketable Securities

As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, there were approximately $1.3 million of restricted cash, of which $0.4 million relates to outstanding letters of credit, to support the security deposits relating to the New York, Washington D.C, California and London offices, which are reflected in the inVentiv Communications segment.  The beneficiaries have not drawn on the $0.4 million letters of credit.  As this cash has been pledged as collateral, it is restricted from use for general purposes and has been classified in restricted cash and marketable securities at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008.

The Company receives cash advances from its clients as funding for specific projects and engagements. These funds are deposited into segregated bank accounts and used solely for purposes relating to the designated projects. Although these funds are not held subject to formal escrow agreements, the Company considers these funds to be restricted and has classified these balances accordingly. Cash held in such segregated bank accounts totaled approximately $0.1 million held in escrow on behalf of clients and was included in restricted cash and marketable securities at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008.

As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Company had $7.2 million and $10.0 million, respectively, invested in the Columbia Strategic Cash Portfolio (“CSCP”).  Based on an update provided by CSCP for March 31, 2009, the Company has recorded $3.7 million of the $7.2 million balance as long-term.  The $3.7 million is classified as deposits and other assets on the March 31, 2009 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, which is expected to be distributed after March 31, 2010.  As the majority of the Company’s recorded balances in the CSCP continue to be short-term in nature, $3.5 million and $6.3 million, respectively, are classified as restricted cash and marketable securities on the March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 condensed consolidated balance sheets.  During the periods ended March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Company recorded no impairment and $2.6 million, respectively, relating to impairments of the Company's investment in the CSCP, which held certain asset-backed securities.  Subsequent to March 31, 2009, the value of the CSCP may materially change depending on market conditions.  Consistent with the Company's investment policy guidelines, the majority of CSCP investments had AAA/Aaa credit ratings at the time of purchase.

The CSCP maintained a net asset value of $1 per unit until December 2007, after which the net asset value per unit fluctuated, and will continue to fluctuate, based on changes in market values of the securities held by the portfolio.  The process of liquidating CSCP’s portfolio was initiated in December 2007 and is anticipated to continue through 2010.  Future impairment charges may result depending on market conditions until the fund is fully liquidated. The $3.4 million cumulative impairment charge through March 31, 2009 does not have a material impact on the company's liquidity or financial flexibility.
 
On February 27, 2008, we entered into an unsecured credit facility (the “Blue Ridge facility”) with Blue Ridge Investments, L.L.C., an affiliate of Bank of America, N.A., to allow the Company to separately borrow up to the current balance remaining in the CSCP.   We have not borrowed any funds under this credit facility.  The Blue Ridge facility provides for multiple drawdowns from time to time until maturity, which shall be the earlier of the day following the redemption of all of our shares of the CSCP and July 1, 2009.  The outstanding balance under the facility may not (subject to limited exceptions) exceed our account value in the CSCP, and distributions from the CSCP must be applied to reduce the outstanding principal balance under the facility.  Amounts borrowed bear interest at the one-month LIBOR rate plus 0.35% per annum, fluctuating daily.

6.           Employee Stock Compensation:
 
The Company follows SFAS No. 123 (“SFAS 123R”), Share-Based Payment, which establishes accounting for share-based awards exchanged for employee services and requires companies to expense the estimated fair value of these awards over the requisite employee service period.

Stock-based compensation expense was $2.6 million, of which $0.3 million was recorded in cost of services and $2.3 million recorded as Selling, General and Administrative expenses (“SG&A”) for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and $2.5 million, of which $0.5 million was recorded in cost of services and $2.0 million recorded as SG&A for the three months ended March 31, 2008.

Stock-based compensation expense caused income before income tax provision and income from equity investments to decrease by $2.6 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, caused net income to decrease by $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, and caused basic and diluted earnings per share to decrease by $0.05 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.

Cash (used in) provided by financing activities was $(1.1) million and $0.4 million for the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, related to excess tax benefits from the exercise of stock-based awards.

Assumptions

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
 
 
   Three Months Ended Three Months Ended 
   March 31,
March 31,
 
2009
 2008
 Expected life of option
 6 yrs
 6 yrs
 Risk-free interest rate
 1.36%
 2.90%
 Expected volatility
 47%
 37%
 Expected dividend yield
 0.00%
 0.00%
 
The Company analyzed historical trends in expected volatility and expected life of stock options on a quarterly basis; during 2009 and 2008 the volatility ranged between of 37%-47%.  As of January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SAB 110 revision to SAB topic 14 for determining the expected term and the range of the expected term remained unchanged at 5.5 to 6 years as previously reported under SAB 107.  The Company continues to base the estimate of risk-free rate on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The Company has never paid cash dividends, does not currently intend to pay cash dividends, and has certain restrictions under its credit facility to pay dividends and thus has assumed a 0% dividend yield.  These conclusions were based on several factors, including past company history, current and future trends, comparable benchmarked data and other key metrics.

As part of the requirements of SFAS 123R, the Company is required to estimate potential forfeitures of stock grants and adjust compensation cost recorded accordingly.  The forfeiture rate was estimated based on historical forfeitures.  The estimate of forfeitures will be adjusted over the requisite service period to the extent that actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from such estimates. Changes in estimated forfeitures will be recognized through a cumulative catch-up adjustment in the period of change and will also impact the amount of stock compensation expense to be recognized in future periods.  The forfeiture rates utilized for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were 5.29% and 4.88%, respectively.

Stock Incentive Plan and Award Activity

The Company’s 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (“Stock Plan”) authorizes incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and stock appreciation rights ("SARs”).  Prior to the adoption of the LTIP, the Company was authorized to grant equity incentive awards under its 1999 Stock Incentive Plan (together with the LTIP, the "Equity Incentive Plans"), which was terminated at the time the LTIP was adopted.  The aggregate number of unissued shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued under the Stock Plan is 0.2 million shares.

The exercise price of options granted under the Stock Plan may not be less than 100% of the fair market value per share of the Company’s common stock on the date of the option grant. The vesting and other provisions of the options are determined by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors.

The following table summarizes activity under the Company’s equity incentive plans for the three months ended March 31, 2009 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
 
 
 
 
 
Shares
 
 
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
 
 

Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2009
1,499
$22.18
6.52
$1,014
Granted and assumed
495
     
Exercised
(2)
     
Forfeited/expired/cancelled
(1)
     
Outstanding at March 31, 2009
1,991
$19.38
7.14
$283
         
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2009
1,909
$19.47
7.04
$283
         
Options exercisable at March 31, 2009
1,040
$18.52
5.45
$283
 
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was $4.96 per share and $13.14 per share, respectively.  The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was negligible and $1.4 million, respectively.  As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, there was approximately $6.2 million and $4.6 million, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements granted; that cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average of 3.1 years and 2.5 years, respectively.
 
The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deductions from option exercise of the share-based payment arrangements totaled negligible and $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 

 
INVENTIV HEALTH, INC.
 
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued

 
Options outstanding and exercisable have exercise price ranges and weighted average remaining contractual lives of:

   
Outstanding Options
 
Exercisable Options
 
 
Exercise Price Range
 
Numbers of Options
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Weighted Average
Remaining Life
(years)
 
Number of Options
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
$1.66
To
$8.45
212,550
$6.91
2.49
212,550
$6.91
$9.15
To
$10.45
7,050
$9.50
4.25
7,050
$9.50
$10.82
To
$10.82
494,746
$10.82
9.79
--
$--
$10.86
To
$15.48
26,244
$14.00
5.25
26,244
$14.00
$15.96
To
$15.96
250,000
$15.96
5.48
250,000
$15.96
$16.89
To
$20.10
200,052
$17.40
5.39
198,802
$17.40
$20.63
To
$26.77
363,624
$26.07
6.91
225,187
$25.95
$28.66
To
$32.55
281,773
$31.30
8.77
57,222
$32.06
$35.01
To
$35.01
96,822
$35.01
7.81
48,419
$35.01
$37.21
To
$37.21
57,914
$37.21
8.25
14,479
$37.21
     
1,990,775
   
1,039,953
 

 
A summary of the status and changes of the Company’s nonvested shares related to its restricted shares from equity incentive plans as of and during the three months ended March 31, 2009 is presented below:

 
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Shares
 
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 2009
667
$30.30
Granted
573
$10.75
Released
(143)
$30.76
Forfeited
(10)
$24.70
Nonvested at March 31, 2009
1,087
$19.96
 
As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, there was approximately $16.6 million and $12.6 million, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Stock Plan; that cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average of 3.1 years  and 2.5 years, respectively. The total fair value of shares vested during the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was $1.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively.
 

7.           Earnings Per Share (“EPS”):

Basic earnings per share excludes dilution for potentially dilutive securities and is computed by dividing net income or loss attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted net income per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other instruments to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.  Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share when their inclusion would be antidilutive.

 
INVENTIV HEALTH, INC.
 
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued


A summary of the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations is as follows:

   
Three-Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
             
Basic EPS from Continuing Operations Computation
           
Income from continuing operations attributable to inVentiv Health.Inc.
  $ 7,909     $ 8,032  
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
    33,351       32,623  
Basic EPS from continuing operations attributable to inVentiv Health.Inc.
  $ 0.24     $ 0.25  
                 
Diluted EPS from Continuing Operations Computation
               
Income from continuing operations attributable to inVentiv Health.Inc.
  $ 7,909     $ 8,032  
                 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
    33,351       32,623  
Stock options (1)
    65       328  
Restricted stock awards (2)
    44       169  
Total diluted common shares outstanding
    33,460       33,120  
                 
Diluted EPS from continuing operations attributable to inVentiv Health.Inc.
  $ 0.24     $ 0.24  
 
(1)   For the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, 1,697,012 and 340,728 shares, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS due to the fact that the shares are considered anti-dilutive because the number of potential buyback shares is greater than the number of weighted shares outstanding. 

(2) For the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, 899,891 and 27,440 shares, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS due to the fact that the shares are considered anti-dilutive because the number of potential buyback shares is greater than the number of weighted shares outstanding. 

8.           Significant Clients:

               During the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 the Company had no clients that accounted for more than 10%, individually, of the Company's total revenues across our inVentiv Clinical, inVentiv Communications, inVentiv Commercial and inVentiv Patient Outcomes segments.
 
9.           Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets:

Goodwill consists of the following:
 
 
(in thousands)
inVentiv
Clinical
 
inVentiv Communications
 
inVentiv Commercial
 
inVentiv Patient Outcomes
 
Other
 
Total
Balance as of January 1, 2008
$56,944
$190,958
$45,773
$90,039
--
$383,714
Goodwill acquired during the year
--
--
1,561
5,202
--
6,763
Goodwill through contingent consideration(1)
32
31,127
--
12,153
--
43,312
Goodwill allocation(2)
--
(6,674)
--
--
--
(6,674)
Other adjustments
186
863(4)
--
--
--
1,049
Impairment losses(3)
(41,344)
(112,667)
--
(58,627)
--
(212,638)
Balance as of December 31, 2008
$15,818
$103,607
$47,334
$48,767
--
$215,526
Goodwill through contingent consideration(1)
--
119
--
--
--
119
Goodwill allocation(5)
--
--
60
--
--
60
Balance as of March 31, 2009
$15,818
$103,726
$47,394
$48,767
--
$215,705

(1)  
The contingent consideration represents adjustments relating to the finalization of the earnouts for the twelve months ended December 31 each year and March 31 for 2008.
(2)  
The amount relates to the allocation of the goodwill at year-end to identifiable intangible assets arising from the final valuation, completed during 2008, for the Liedler acquisition, which was acquired on December 28, 2007.  Under SFAS 141, if a business combination is consummated toward the end of an acquiring enterprise's fiscal year or the acquired enterprise is very large or unusually complex, the acquiring enterprise may not be able to obtain some of the data required to complete the allocation of the cost of the purchased enterprise for inclusion in its next annual financial report.  As discussed in Part 2, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, since Liedler was acquired on December 28, 2007, the valuation was not completed by the time the 2007 10-K was filed.
(3)  
These amounts relate to the respective reporting unit noncash impairment charges of goodwill as a result of the interim impairment tests the Company performed at December 31, 2008.  The fair value of each reporting unit was estimated using the expected present value of future cash flows.
(4)  
This amount relates to a tax adjustment on the Chamberlain acquisition accounted for under EITF 93-7 Uncertainties Related to Income Taxes in a Purchase Business Combination.
(5)  
The amount relates to the allocation of the goodwill at year-end to identifiable intangible assets arising from the PLS acquisition.  Identifiable intangible assets were allocated at December 31, 2008, but were revised accordingly based on finalization of the valuation, as allowed under SFAS 141.
 
Other intangible assets consist of the following:

   
March 31, 2009
   
December 31, 2008
 
(in thousands)
       
Accumulated
               
Accumulated
       
   
Gross
   
Amortization
   
Net
   
Gross
   
Amortization
   
Net
 
Customer relationships
  $ 113,836      $ (29,897 )   $ 83,939     $ 113,896     $ (27,177 )   $ 86,719  
Technology
    14,168       (4,692 )     9,476       14,168       (4,497 )     9,671  
Noncompete agreement
    1,506       (965 )     541       1,506       (911 )     595  
Tradenames subject to amortization
    2,158       (902 )     1,256       2,275       (790 )     1,485  
Other
    1,233       (756 )     477       1,232       (683 )     549  
  Total definite-life intangibles
    132,901       (37,212 )     95,689       133,077       (34,058 )     99,019  
Tradenames not subject to amortization (1)
    127,490       --       127,490       127,490       --       127,490  
  Total other intangibles (2)
   $ 260,391      $ (37,212 )    $ 223,179     $ 260,567     $ (34,058 )   $ 226,509  

(1) 
These indefinite-life tradenames arose primarily from acquisitions where the brand names of the entities acquired are very strong and longstanding.  These tradenames are also supported annually in the Company’s impairment test for goodwill and tradenames conducted in June of every year and the interim impairment test performed at December 31, 2008.
(2)  
The decrease in total gross other intangibles is related to the allocation of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets for the PLS acquisition, as described above and the writeoff of the Strategyx name, as described below.

The Company has the following identifiable intangible assets:

Intangible asset
 
Amount
(in thousands)
   
Weighted average amortization period
 
Tradename
  $ 129,648       (1 )
Customer relationships
    113,836    
10.8 years
 
Technology
    14,168    
14.3 years
 
Noncompete agreement
    1,506    
4.5 years
 
Other
    1,233    
4.5 years
 
Total
  $ 260,391          

(1) 
$2.3 million of the tradenames are definite-life intangibles, which have a weighted average amortization period of 4.8 years.
 
Amortization expense, based on intangibles subject to amortization held at March 31, 2009, is expected to be $9.3 million for the remainder of 2009, $12.0 million in 2010, $11.6 million in 2011, $11.5 million in 2012, $10.2 million in 2013 and $41.2 million thereafter.

The balances recorded on the Company’s Condensed Balance Sheet for goodwill and other indefinite-life intangibles, such as tradenames, are assessed annually for potential impairment as of June 30, pursuant to the guidelines of SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets and SFAS 144, Accounting for the Impairment of or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. The Company performed annual impairment tests as of June 30, 2008 and concluded that the existing goodwill and indefinite lived intangible tradename balances were not impaired.  During the fourth quarter of 2008, as a result of adverse equity market conditions that caused a decrease in the current market multiples and the company’s stock price, the Company concluded that a triggering event had occurred indicating potential impairment, and accordingly recorded an impairment charge of approximately $268 million, pursuant to the results of the impairment test performed on its goodwill and other intangible assets at December 31, 2008.   The Company does not believe that an event occurred or circumstances changed that would more-likely-than-not reduce the fair value of the Company’s reporting units below their carrying amounts, inclusive of the impairment charge noted above, as of March 31, 2009.  As the Company’s annual impairment testing is June 30 of each year, any changes in economic conditions or  other factors subsequent to March 31, 2009 will be evaluated as part of June 30, 2009 impairment testing.
 
During the first quarter of 2009, the Company strategically changed its Strategy & Analytics’ name to Advance Insights, thereby discontinuing the usage of Health Products Research, Strategyx, Ventiv Access Services and Creative Healthcare Solutions names.  The Company accordingly recorded a $0.1million tradename writeoff as a result of discontinuing the Strategyx name, which is included as part of selling, general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated income statement.
 
10.           Fair Value Measurement
 
As discussed in Note 3, the Company adopted SFAS 157 on January 1, 2008, which among other things, requires enhanced disclosures about assets and liabilities measured at fair value. Our adoption of SFAS 157 primarily relates to our marketable securities, deferred compensation plan and derivative contracts.
 
We utilize the market approach to measure fair value for our financial assets and liabilities. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities.
 
SFAS 157 includes a fair value hierarchy that is intended to increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures. The fair value hierarchy is based on inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value that are either observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources while unobservable inputs reflect a reporting entity’s pricing based upon their own market assumptions. The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:
 
Level 1
  
-
  
Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2
  
-
  
Inputs are quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in an active market, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable and market-corroborated inputs which are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3
  
-
  
Inputs are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or value drivers are unobservable.
The following table represents the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2009 and the basis for that measurement:
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
Total Fair Value Measurement March 31, 2009
 
 
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
 
 
 
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
 
 
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
ASSETS
       
   Marketable Securities
$7,197
--
--
$7,197
   Deferred Compensation
    Plan Assets
 
7,229
 
--
 
7,229
 
--
TOTAL ASSETS
$14,426
--
$7,229
$7,197
         
LIABILITIES
       
   Deferred Compensation
     Plan Liabilities
 
7,277
 
--
 
7,277
 
--
   Derivative Liabilities
29,163
--
--
29,163
TOTAL LIABILITIES
$36,440
--
$7,277
$29,163

(1) – As described in Note 5, the Level 3 marketable securities balance of $7.2 million includes $3.5 million classified as restricted cash and marketable securities and $3.7 million as deposits and other assets, respectively, on the Company’s March 31, 2009 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

As a result of market conditions related to the interest rate environment, the Company updated its valuation of its five-year interest rate derivative as of March 31, 2009, resulting in a credit value adjustment of $4.9 million to the derivative liability, with a corresponding offset to Other Comprehensive Income as a result of cash flow hedge accounting (see Note 13).  This valuation, which involved current and future probability-adjusted risk factors, included inputs derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs were unobservable, classifying this as a Level 3 input under the definition described above.  The significant inputs in this valuation included credit market spread, estimated exposure and company and counterparty default risk.

As a result of the decrease in available investment prices from September 30, 2008 to December 31, 2008 due to market conditions, the Company changed its classification of marketable securities from a Level 2 input to a Level 3 input.    The Company incurred a $2.6 million impairment charge during 2008, of which $2.0 million was in the fourth quarter of 2008 and primarily related to the lack of liquidity and resulting distressed values of investments in the marketplace.  These factors resulted in a significant percentage of the securities within CSCP that required unobservable inputs, which was not materially present through September 30, 2008.  These significant inputs included interest rate curves, credit curves and creditworthiness of the counterparty.  The classification and significant unobservable inputs remained consistent for the period ended March 31, 2009.   There were no changes to the presentation of the CSCP in the condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the Level 2 input to Level 3 input change.

The following is a rollforward of the Level 3 assets and liabilities through March 31, 2009:

 
Fair Value Measurements
(in thousands)
Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
ASSETS
CSCP
Balance at January 1, 2009
$9,999
    Included in earnings (or changes in net assets)
--
    Included in other comprehensive income
--
    Purchases, issuances and settlements
(2,802)
    Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
--
Balance at March 31, 2009
$7,197
   
LIABILITIES
Derivative
Balance at January 1, 2009
$30,783
    Included in earnings (or changes in net assets)
--
    Included in other comprehensive income
(1,008)
    Deferred tax impact of other comprehensive income
(612)
    Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
--
Balance at March 31, 2009
$29,163

11.           Debt: 
 
On July 6, 2007, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“the Credit Agreement”) with UBS AG, Stamford Branch and others. The Credit Agreement provides for a secured term loan of $330 million which was made available to inVentiv in a single drawing, up to $20 million in additional term loans (“delayed draw term loans”) that was available to be advanced no later than January 6, 2008, which we elected to not draw, a $50 million revolving credit facility, of which $10 million is available for the issuance of letters of credit, and a swingline facilty.  The Credit Agreement was used to:
 
·  
amend the existing October 2005 credit facility, with a remaining balance of $164 million, and
 
·  
enter into a new $166 million loan to help fund the acquisitions of Chandler Chicco Agency and AWAC, and pay the fees associated with the new credit facility, with the balance retained by inVentiv as working capital.
 
The term loan will mature on the seventh anniversary of the Credit Agreement, with scheduled quarterly amortization of 1% per year during years one through six and 94% during year seven.  The revolving loans will mature on the sixth anniversary of the Credit Agreement. Amounts advanced under the Credit Agreement must be prepaid with a percentage, determined based on a leverage test set forth in the Credit Agreement, of Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and the proceeds of certain non-ordinary course asset sales, certain issuances of debt obligations and 50% of certain issuances of equity securities of inVentiv and its subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions. inVentiv may elect to prepay the loans, in whole or in part at any time, in certain minimum principal amounts, without penalty or premium (other than normal LIBOR break funding costs). Amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement in respect of term loans that are repaid or prepaid may not be reborrowed. Amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement in respect of revolving loans may be paid or prepaid and reborrowed.
 
Interest on the loans will accrue, at inVentiv's election, at either (1) the Alternate Base Rate (which is the greater of UBS's prime rate and federal funds effective rate plus 1/2 of 1%) or (2) the Adjusted LIBOR Rate, with interest periods determined at inVentiv's option of 1, 2, 3 or 6 months (or, if the affected lenders agree, 9 months), in each case plus a spread based equal to 0.75% for Alternate Base Rate loans and 1.75% for Adjusted LIBOR Rate loans.
 
The Credit Agreement contains, among other things, conditions precedent, representations and warranties, covenants and events of default customary for facilities of this type. Such covenants include certain limitations on indebtedness, liens, sale-leaseback transactions, guarantees, fundamental changes, dividends and transactions with affiliates. The Credit Agreement also includes a financial covenant under which inVentiv is required to maintain a total leverage ratio that does not exceed, as of the last day of any four consecutive fiscal quarters, 4.0 to 1.0 through December 31, 2009 and 3.5 to 1.0 thereafter.  The Company’s leverage ratio was 2.36 to 1.0 as of March 31, 2009, which is in compliance with the financial covenant.
 
Under certain conditions, the lending commitments under the Credit Agreement may be terminated by the lenders and amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement may be accelerated. Such events of default include failure to pay any principal, interest or other amounts when due, failure to comply with covenants, breach of representations or warranties in any material respect, non-payment or acceleration of other material debt of inVentiv and its subsidiaries, bankruptcy, insolvency, material judgments rendered against inVentiv or certain of its subsidiaries or a 40% change of control of inVentiv, subject to various exceptions and notice, cure and grace periods.
 
The Company has the intent and ability to choose the three-month LIBOR base rate for the duration of the term of the Credit Agreement.  The three-month LIBOR base rate as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 was 1.19% and 1.43%, respectively.  As disclosed in Note 13, the Company has a derivative financial instrument, currently with a notional amount of $324 million, to hedge against the current term loan facility.
 
The Company accounts for amendments to its revolving credit facility under the provisions of EITF Issue No. 98-14, Debtor’s Accounting for the Changes in Line-of-Credit or Revolving-Debt Arrangements (EITF 98-14), and its term loan under the provisions of EITF Issue No. 96-19, Debtor’s Accounting for a Modification or Exchange of Debt Instruments (EITF 96-19). In amending its revolving credit facility, deferred financing costs are being amortized over the term of the new arrangement since the borrowing capacity increased in the new loan, per the guidance in EITF 98-14.  In connection with an amendment of our existing $164 million term loan, under the terms of EITF 96-19, bank and any third-party fees were deferred and amortized over the term of the Credit Agreement since the old and new debt instruments were not substantially different.  The unamortized portion of the deferred financing costs were approximately $3.7 million and $3.9 million and are included in Deposits and Other Assets on the Condensed Consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

12.        Capital Lease Obligations:

During 2000, the Company entered into a master lease agreement to provide a fleet of automobiles for sales representatives of its inVentiv Commercial Services operating segment. Subsequent to 2000, the Company entered into other lease agreements with multiple vendors. Based on the terms of the agreements, management concluded that the leases were capital leases based on the criteria established by SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases. The Company capitalized leased vehicles and recorded the related lease obligations totaling approximately $3.7 million and $7.4 million (including $0.4 million of rebates and negligible rebates, respectively) during the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  The Company also incurred net disposals of $3.4 million and $7.5 million during the three-months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

13.           Derivative Financial Instrument:
 
SFAS No. 133 “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS 133”), as amended, establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities.  It requires the recording of all derivatives as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet measured at estimated fair value and the recognition of the unrealized gains and losses.  We record the fair market value of our derivatives as other assets and other liabilities within our consolidated balance sheet.  Derivatives that are not part of hedge relationships are recorded at fair market value on our Consolidated Balance Sheet with the offsetting adjustment to interest expense on our Consolidated Income Statement.  For hedge relationships designated as cash flow hedges under SFAS 133, changes in fair value of the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge are recorded to other comprehensive income or loss; the ineffective portion is recorded to interest expense in our consolidated income statement.
 
We enter into interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk associated with variable rate debt.

On September 6, 2007, the Company entered into a new amortizing five-year interest rate swap arrangement with a notional amount of $165 million at hedge inception, with an accretive notional amount that increased to $325 million effective December 31, 2008 (concurrently with the expiration of the Company’s original 2005 three-year interest rate swap arrangement) to hedge the total outstanding debt notional amount.  This hedge relationship was designated as a cash flow hedge.  At hedge inception, the Company employed the dollar offset method by performing a sensitivity analysis to assess effectiveness and utilized the hypothetical derivative method under DIG Issue G7 to measure ineffectiveness.  The hypothetical derivative contains the same terms and conditions as the debt agreement.  The fair value of the derivative, net of credit value adjustment, was approximately $29.2 million and $30.8 million as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, and was recorded in other non-current liabilities.  As a result of the hypothetical derivative method, there was no ineffectiveness for the period ended March 31, 2009, and accordingly, $1.6 million ($1.0 million, net of taxes) was recorded as a decrease to Other Comprehensive Income and an increase to other non-current liabilities on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.  This change in Other Comprehensive Income includes the $4.9 million credit value adjustment as discussed in Note 10.  The amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was approximately $2.8 million.

Based on current assumptions regarding the interest rate environment and other market conditions at March 31, 2009, the estimated amount of accumulated other comprehensive income that is expected to be reclassified into interest expense under our hedge relationships within the next 12 months is $12.1 million.

14.           Commitments and Contingencies:

The Company is subject to lawsuits, investigations and claims arising out of the conduct of its business, including those related to commercial transactions, contracts, government regulation and employment matters. Certain claims, suits and complaints have been filed or are pending against the Company.   Certain such claims that are pending against Adheris and PRS are described in Part I, Item 3 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. With the exception of the claims described therein, all pending matters are of a kind routinely experienced in our business and are consistent with our historical experience.  In the opinion of management, taking into account the advice of legal counsel, no matters outstanding as of March 31, 2009 are likely to have a material adverse effect on inVentiv.

15.           Deferred Compensation:

The Ventiv Health, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (the "NQDC Plan") provides eligible management and other highly compensated employees with the opportunity to defer, on a pre-tax basis, their salary, bonus, and other specified cash compensation and to receive the deferred amounts, together with a deemed investment return (positive or negative), either at a pre-determined time in the future or upon termination of employment with the Company or an affiliated employer participating in the NQDC Plan.  The compensation deferrals were initiated in 2005.  The deferred compensation liability of approximately $7.3 million and $6.8 million were included in other non-current liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008.  The NQDC Plan does not provide for the payment of above-market interest to participants.

To assist in the funding of the NQDC Plan obligation, the Company participates in a corporate-owned life insurance program in a rabbi trust whereby it purchases life insurance policies covering the lives of certain employees, with the Company named as beneficiary.  Rabbi trusts are grantor trusts generally set up to fund compensation for a select group of management or highly paid executives.  The cash value of the life insurance policy at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 was approximately $6.9 million and $5.1 million, respectively, and is currently classified in Deposits and Other Assets on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, approximately $0.3 million and $1.6 million as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, were invested in mutual funds and classified in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

16.           Income Taxes

The effective tax rate for the three-month period ended March 31, 2009 was 42.2%. The rate includes a tax detriment of 1% due to the settlement of various state audits.  The effective rate for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 was 41.3%. The Company’s current effective tax rate is based on current projections for earnings in the tax jurisdictions in which inVentiv does business and is subject to taxation.  The Company’s effective tax rate could fluctuate due to changes in earnings between operating entities and related tax jurisdictions.

The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48), on January 1, 2007.  The gross amount of unrecognized tax benefit was $5.3 million as of December 31, 2008 and $4.7 million as of March 31, 2009.  Included in this balance were positions totaling $0.9 million as of December 31, 2008, and March 31, 2009 that if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate.

The Company recognizes potential interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.  The total amount of accrued interest and penalties recorded as of December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009 was $2.6 million and $2.3 respectively.

The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions.  The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for years before 2005 and generally, is no longer subject to state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2004.

Management has concluded that it is reasonably possible that the unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately $2.5 million within the next 12 months.  The decrease is primarily related to federal and state taxes that may be settled or have expiring statutes of limitations.


17.           Equity

The following table describes the 2009 activity in the Company’s Total’ Equity accounts for the three-months ended March 31, 2009:


 
inVentiv Health Inc Shareholders
   
 
 
(in thousands, except share amounts)
 
Common Stock
 
Additional Paid-In
Capital
 
Accumulated (deficit) earnings
 
Compre-hensive
Income
 
Accumulated Other Comprehen-sive Losses (1)
 
Noncontroll-ing Interest
 
Total
Balance at December 31, 2008
$33
$394,560
($6,210)
--
$(20,869)
$130
$367,644
Net income
   
7,909
   
(51)
7,858
Net change in effective portion of
    derivative, net of taxes
     
 
1,008
 
1,008
 
 
1,008
Unrealized gain on marketable securities
     
 
58
 
58
 
 
58
Foreign currency translation
    Adjustment
     
 
(452)
 
(452)
 
 
(452)
       
614
     
Restricted stock expense
 
1,775
       
1,775
Withholding shares for taxes
 
(506)
       
(506)
Tax expense from exercise of
    employee stock options and vesting
    of restricted stock
 
 
 
(1,137)
       
 
 
(1,137)
Proceeds from exercise of stock
   Options
 
 
13
       
 
13
Stock option expense
 
786
       
786
Distributions
         
(257)
(257)
Balance at March 31, 2009
$33
$395,491
$1,699
 
$(20,255)
(178)
$376,790

(1) As of March 31, 2009 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses consists of a $3.1 million loss on currency translation fluctuations in our foreign bank accounts remaining from the divestitures of our European business units, from continuing operations of our UK, France, German and Canadian subsidiaries, and  equity investments and noncontrolling interest in our foreign business units, a $0.1 million unrealized gain from marketable securities as well as other comprehensive losses of approximately $17.3 million, net of taxes, that relates to the effective portion of the Company’s derivative instruments, as described in Note 13.

18.           Related Parties:

 Several inVentiv business units provided services to Cardinal Health, Inc. (“Cardinal”) during 2009.  Revenues generated for services provided to Cardinal totaled approximately $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the periods ended March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.  Robert Walter, who is the father of R. Blane Walter, our CEO, served as Executive Chairman, and subsequently as an Executive Director, of Cardinal during 2007 and 2008.  R. Blane Walter and his immediate family members (including Robert Walter) and related trusts own approximately 2.4% of the outstanding capital stock of Cardinal.  All transactions between the Company and Cardinal were on arms'-length terms and were negotiated without the involvement of any members of the Walter family.

The Company, through its Promotech business unit, purchased warehouse consulting and procurement services from South Atlantic Systems Group ("SAS") commencing in 2007.  These contractual arrangements with SAS have been completed for 2008 and provided for total payments of approximately $0.8 million. Mark Teixeira, who is the brother-in-law of David Bassin, our Chief Financial Officer, is the General Manager for South Atlantic Systems and was granted an 11.6% equity interest in SAS as of December 31, 2007. 

The Company is party to an acquisition agreement dated September 6, 2005 pursuant to which the Company acquired inVentiv Communications, Inc. (then known as inChord Communications, Inc. ("inChord")) from Mr. Walter and other former inChord shareholders.  Mr. Walter and certain of his family members had an approximately 92% interest in the earnout consideration payable under the acquisition agreement.  As a result, during 2008, Mr. Walter and such family members received a total of approximately $17.1 million in cash and common stock constituting their share of the final earnout payment under the agreement, net of a portion of such payment (the "Deferred Earnout Payment") that the parties agreed would be deferred pending further evaluation of a customer receivable.  In April of 2009, Mr. Walter and such family members received a total of approximately $2.2 million in cash and common stock constituting their share of the Deferred Earnout Payment.  The inChord acquisition agreement was approved prior to its execution by the Board of Directors of the Company.
    
19.           Segment Information:

The Company currently manages four operating segments: inVentiv Clinical, inVentiv Communications, inVentiv Commercial and inVentiv Patient Outcomes, and its non-operating reportable segment, “Other”, which is based on the way management makes operating decisions and assesses performance.  The following represents the Company’s reportable segments as of March 31, 2009:

·  
inVentiv Clinical, which provides services related to permanent placement, clinical staffing, data collection and management and functional service provision primarily in support of pharmaceutical clinical development.

·  
inVentiv Communications, which provides services related to pharmaceutical advertising, branding, public relations, interactive communications and physician education.

·  
inVentiv Commercial, which consists of the Company’s outsourced sales and marketing teams, planning and analytics services, sample accountability services, marketing support services, professional development and training, and recruitment of sales representatives in the commercial services area.

·  
inVentiv Patient Outcomes, which provides services related to patient pharmaceutical compliance programs, patient support programs, clinical educator teams, medical cost containment and consulting solutions and patient relationship marketing.

·  
Other, which encompasses the activities of the corporate management group.


Three-months ended March 31, 2009 (in thousands):

   
inVentiv
Clinical
   
inVentiv Communications
   
inVentiv Commercial
   
inVentiv Patient Outcomes
   
Other
   
Total
 
Revenues
  $ 51,218     $ 71,352     $ 107,320     $ 32,396       --     $ 262,286  
Less: Intersegment revenues
    (48 )     (421 )     (4,097 )     (68 )     --       (4,634 )
Reported Revenues
  $ 51,170     $ 70,931     $ 103,223     $ 32,328       --     $ 257,652  
Depreciation and amortization
    562       2,485       4,310       1,147       10       8,514  
Interest expense
    --       19       111       2       5,642       5,774  
Interest income
    1       --       --       28       36       65  
Segment income (loss) (1)
  $ 1,511     $ 9,867     $ 6,941     $ 5,943     $ (10,649 )   $ 13,613  


Three-months ended March 31, 2008 (in thousands):

   
inVentiv
Clinical
   
inVentiv Communications
   
inVentiv Commercial
   
inVentiv Patient Outcomes
   
Other
   
Total
 
Revenues
  $ 52,186     $ 88,494     $ 93,724     $ 29,898     $ --     $ 264,302  
Less: Intersegment revenues
    (101 )     (220 )     (1,660 )     --       --       (1,981 )
Reported Revenues
  $ 52,085     $ 88,274     $ 92,064     $ 29,898     $ --     $ 262,321  
Depreciation and amortization
    547       2,519       4,231       1,301       12       8,610  
Interest expense
    --       17       429       1       5,935       6,382  
Interest income
    49       235       --       17       529       830  
Segment income (loss) (1)
  $ 2,955     $ 12,638     $ 4,486       4,764     $ (10,553 )   $ 14,290  
 
(1)  
Income from continuing operations before income tax provision, and gain (loss) from equity investments
 
(in thousands)
 
March 31, 2009
December 31, 2008
   
Total Assets:
       
inVentiv Clinical
 
$
102,514
$
$97,162
 
inVentiv Communications
   
368,354
 
377,123
 
inVentiv Commercial
   
181,798
 
205,910
 
inVentiv Patient Outcomes
   
138,688
 
134,355
 
Other
   
153,172
 
158,566
 
Total assets
 
$
$944,526
$
$973,116
 



This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, accompanying notes and other financial information included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.

Overview

inVentiv Health Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, “inVentiv, ” “we,” "us," or "our") is a leading provider of value-added services to the pharmaceutical, life sciences and healthcare industries.  We support a broad range of clinical development, communications and commercialization activities that are critical to our customers' ability to complete the development of new drug products and medical devices and successfully commercialize them.  In addition, we provide medical cost containment services to payors in our patient outcomes business.  Our goal is to assist our customers in meeting their objectives by providing our services in each of our operational areas on a flexible and cost-effective basis.  We provide services to over 350 client organizations, including all top 20 global pharmaceutical companies, numerous emerging and specialty biotechnology companies and third party administrators.

Our service offerings reflect the changing needs of our clients as their products move through the late-stage development and regulatory approval processes and into product launch and then throughout the product lifecycle.  We have established expertise and leadership in providing the services our clients require at each of these stages of product development and commercialization and seek to address their outsourced service needs on a comprehensive basis throughout the product lifecycle.  For payors, we provide a variety of services that enhance savings and improve patient outcomes including opportunities to address billing errors, additional discounts and treatment protocols for patients.
Business Segments

We serve our clients primarily through four business segments, which correspond to our reporting segments for 2009:

·  
inVentiv Clinical, which provides professional resourcing and services to the pharmaceutical, biotech and device companies.  Professional resourcing services include providing clinical research professionals in support of clients’ research efforts, including permanent placement, clinical staffing, and strategic resource teams.  In addition, inVentiv Clinical provides its clinical research clients with outsourced functional services in various areas, including clinical operations, medical affairs and biometrics/data management.   inVentiv Clinical consists of the Smith Hanley group of companies (which includes Smith Hanley Associates (“SHA”), Smith Hanley Consulting Group (“SHCG”) and MedFocus), HHI Clinical & Statistical Research Services (“HHI”), and Synergos;
 
·  
inVentiv Communications, which provides services related to pharmaceutical advertising, branding, public relations, interactive communications and physician education.  This segment includes inVentiv Communications, Inc., Jeffrey Simbrow Associates (“JSAI”), Ignite Health and Incendia Health Studios (collectively, “Ignite”), Chamberlain Communications Group, Inc. (“Chamberlain”), Addison Whitney, Angela Liedler GmbH (“Liedler”) and Chandler Chicco Agency (“CCA”);
 
·  
inVentiv Commercial, which consists of our outsourced sales and marketing teams, planning and analytics services, sample accountability services, marketing support services, professional development and training, and recruitment of sales representatives in the commercial services area.  This segment includes Advance Insights, formerly known as inVentiv Strategy & Analytics and inVentiv Selling Solutions.  inVentiv Selling Solutions includes Promotech Logistics Solutions LLC ("PLS"), acquired in December 2008; and
 
·  
inVentiv Patient Outcomes,  which provides services related to patient pharmaceutical compliance programs, patient support programs, clinical educator teams, medical cost containment and consulting solutions and patient relationship marketing.  This segment includes Adheris, Inc. (“Adheris”), The Franklin Group (“Franklin”), The Therapeutics Institute, AWAC (acquired in July 2007) and Patient Marketing Group, LLC. (“PMG”) (acquired in August 2008).
 
Outsourcing Trends and the Current Economic Environment

Our business as a whole, and of our inVentiv Clinical, inVentiv Commercial and inVentiv Patient Outcomes segments in particular, is related significantly to the degree to which pharmaceutical companies outsource services that have traditionally been performed internally by fully integrated manufacturers.  Current economic conditions in the U.S. and abroad make it difficult for us to predict the near-term performance of our businesses.  Although the pharmaceutical industry is generally regarded as non-cyclical, the current recessionary environment has impacted and can be expected to further impact virtually all economic activity in the United States and abroad, including in the pharmaceutical and life sciences industry, and is resulting in increased budget scrutiny and efforts to significantly reduce expenditures in all areas of our clients' businesses.

Our inVentiv Communications division has been affected since 2008 by the tentativeness of clients to make marketing spend decisions, as evidenced by, among other things, longer lead times by our clients in developing their marketing budgets.  Increased sales during latter part of the first quarter indicate that conditions may be stabilizing or improving.  We believe that our clients are intently focused on their short-term spending and cost-cutting efforts, and are continuing to look for ways to streamline their operations.  Some clients are reducing marketing expenditures through reducing the scopes of agency projects and delaying decisions on new marketing initiatives.  The consequence has been to shift the revenue opportunities for our inVentiv Communications division away from supporting in-market products, where margins have traditionally been the most attractive.

Client budgeting constraints and reductions in overall pharmaceutical marketing expenditures have also impacted our inVentiv Patient Outcomes division.  Again, increased sales during latter part of the first quarter indicate that conditions may be stabilizing or improving.

An offsetting and longer-term positive trend for us is that our clients appear to be adopting clear strategies to outsource more of their pharmaceutical marketing expenditures in lower cost and more flexible solutions consistent with what inVentiv offers.  Our sale of integrated, multi-service offerings increased significantly during the first quarter of 2009 and we believe that integrated offerings, which represented 15% of revenues during the quarter, are a significant area of opportunity in the future.

Management is addressing the challenges of the current environment by taking steps to reduce fixed costs and create more flexibility in our cost structure, maximize and conserve strong cash flow and be in a position to pay down debt over time.  Cost management strategies employed by management include:

·  
reducing fixed cost headcount;
·  
our "in balance" staffing initiative, through which we are converting  FTE's to hourly positions that can be billed in direct response to the requirements of our client engagements;
·  
completion of our "super studio" in Columbus, Ohio, which will increase utilization and efficiency by allowing the management of project-based graphic design and production needs for agencies across the Communications division;
·  
negotiation of favorable rates with our vendors; and
·  
completion of implementation of our Peoplesoft software to manage enterprise-wide resources.

We believe that these steps will allow inVentiv to provide competitive pricing to its clients and to improve margins.
 
Regulatory Uncertainty

Because most of our revenues are generated by businesses involved in the commercialization of pharmaceutical products, uncertainties surrounding the approval of our clients' pharmaceutical products directly affect us.  The pace at which a pharmaceutical product moves through the FDA approval process, and the application by the FDA of standards and procedures related to clinical testing, manufacturing, labeling claims and other matters are difficult to predict and may change over time.  FDA non-approvals and delays in approval can significantly impact revenue because of the relationship between the approval process and the amount and timing of client marketing expenditures to support the affected pharmaceutical products.

Although delays in FDA approval rates have negatively impacted the pharmaceutical industry, and indirectly inVentiv, the new product pipeline in the industry remains strong, with many late-stage products awaiting FDA approval.  Even if the FDA approval rate does not improve, we believe that the number of products awaiting approval, and the requirement for pharmaceutical manufacturers to support these products as they reach commercialization, represents an opportunity over the medium to longer-term for inVentiv to capture increasing levels of outsourced services engagements. As a result of our deep and long-standing relationships with our clients, we believe that we are well positioned to capture these opportunities.
 
Business Strategy

Although certain areas of our business have slowed during recent quarters as a result of the current trends discussed above, our businesses have generated strong overall revenue growth for the past several years.  Our internal revenue growth reflects our strong track record in winning new business, which in turn is enhanced by our pursuit of cross-servicing opportunities within and across our business segments.  Our businesses have generated strong revenue growth for the past several years.  Our internal revenue growth reflects our strong track record in winning new business, which in turn is enhanced by our pursuit of cross-servicing opportunities within and across our business segments.  Our revenues are generally received under contracts with limited terms and that can be terminated at the client’s option on short notice.  We have been successful historically in obtaining increasing amounts of repeat business from many of our clients and in expanding the scope of the services we provide to them and thereby sustaining multi-year relationships with many of our clients.  When relationships do not renew, we have been successful in redeploying personnel quickly and efficiently.

Strategic acquisitions have been a core element of our business strategy since 2004.  Acquisitions contributed significantly to our annual revenue growth over the last few years.  We expect to be more selective and execute fewer acquisitions going forward.  We will continue to evaluate our strategic position and intend to make opportunistic acquisitions that enable us to expand the scope of our service offerings and drive shareholder value.

Our acquisition activity adds complexity to the analysis of period-to-period financial results and makes direct comparison of those financial results difficult.  Our acquisitions are accounted for using purchase accounting and the financial results of the acquired businesses are included in our consolidated financial statements from their acquisitions dates.  A prior year period that ended before an acquisition was completed, however, will not include the corresponding financial results of the acquired business.

No new acquisitions were consummated during the first quarter of 2008 or 2009 and, accordingly, no revenues were generated from acquisitions during those periods.  However, our acquisitions of PLS and PMG during the second half of 2008 contributed to certain quarterly variances, as compared with prior year periods, within the Commercial and Patient Outcomes’ segments.  See -- Results of Operations below.

International Operations

The following is a summary of our non-U.S. operations:

Division
Location
Percent Ownership
Put/Call Options
inVentiv Communications
United Kingdom
100%
 
 
France
100%
 
 
Canada
100%
 
 
Germany (Liedler)
85%
inVentiv has the option to acquire the remaining 15% equity interest
 
Italy
37.5%
 
 
Germany (Haas and Health)
19.9%
inVentiv may acquired an additional 60.1% within 90 days following calendar year 2010, and the remaining 20% for a period of 90 days following the third anniversary of the acquisition of the 60.1% equity interest
 
Sweden
15%
 
inVentiv Clinical
Mexico
100%
 
 
Brazil
100%
 
 
India
100%
Sciformix Corp. has option to acquire 20% of joint venture entity through January 2010
inVentiv Commercial
Japan
100%
 
 
Canada
100%
 
 
Puerto Rico
100%
 
 
Foreign operations are accounted for using the functional currency of the country where the business is located, translated to US dollars in the inVentiv Health, Inc. consolidated financial statements.  These investments are accounted for using various methods depending on ownership % and control. For investments below the 20% threshold where inVentiv does not have significant influence, these are maintained on the cost method.  For investment ownership that is between 20% and 50%, or in cases where a lower ownership percentage is owned but where we exercise significant influence, we use the equity method of accounting. For investments where we own greater than 50% and exercise significant influence over the entities, financial results are consolidated in our year-end financial statements. Although the financial results of our international operations are immaterial to the financial statements as a whole, their existence is an important component of our continued global approach and marketing strategy with our clients.

Critical Accounting Policies

The Company’s critical accounting policies are described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.  There has been no material change, update or revision to the Company’s critical accounting policies.
 


Three-Months Ended March 31, 2009 Compared to Three-Months Ended March 31, 2008

Results of Operations

The following sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain components of our operating earnings, including such data stated as percentage of revenues:
 
(in thousands, except for per share data)
 
For the Three-Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
Revenues:
       
Percentage (1)
         
Percentage(1)
 
inVentiv Clinical
  $ 51,170       19.9 %   $ 52,085       19.9 %
inVentiv Communications
    70,931       27.5 %     88,274       33.6 %
   inVentiv Commercial
    103,223       40.1 %     92,064       35.1 %
inVentiv Patient Outcomes
    32,328       12.5 %     29,898       11.4 %
Total revenues
    257,652       100.0 %     262,321       100.0 %
                                 
Cost of services (1) (2):
                               
inVentiv Clinical
    38,529       75.3 %     36,529       70.1 %
inVentiv Communications
    38,875       54.8 %     49,595       56.2 %
   inVentiv Commercial
    84,806       82.2 %     75,657       82.2 %
inVentiv Patient Outcomes
    18,966       58.7 %     18,492       61.9 %
Total cost of services
    181,176       70.3 %     180,273       68.7 %
                                 
Selling, general and administrative expenses:
                               
inVentiv Clinical
    11,131       21.8 %     12,650       24.3 %
inVentiv Communications
    22,161       31.2 %     26,258       29.8 %
inVentiv Commercial
    11,365       11.0 %     11,491       12.5 %
inVentiv Patient Outcomes
    7,445       23.0 %     6,659       22.3 %
  Other
    5,052       --       5,148       --  
Total selling, general and administrative expenses
    57,154       22.2 %     62,206       23.7 %
                                 
Total operating income
    19,322       7.5 %     19,842       7.6 %
Interest expense
    (5,774 )     (2.2 )%     (6,382 )     (2.4 )%
Interest income
    65       --       830       0.3 %
Income from continuing operations before income tax provision
and income (loss) from equity investments
      13,613       5.3 %       14,290       5.5 %
Income tax provision
    (5,772 )     (2.3 )%     (5,642 )     (2.2 )%
Income from continuing operations before income (loss) from equity investments
    7,841       3.0 %     8,648       3.3 %
   Income (loss) from equity investments
    17       --       (40 )     --  
Income from continuing operations
    7,858       3.0 %     8,608       3.3 %
                                 
Income from discontinued operations:
                               
Gains on disposals of discontinued operations, net of taxes
    --       --       12       --  
Income from discontinued operations
    --       --       12       --  
                                 
Net income
  $ 7,858       3.0 %   $ 8,620       3.3 %
    (Less):  Net loss (income) attributable to the noncontrolling interest
    51       0.1 %     (576 )     (0.2 )%
Net income attributable to inVentiv Health Inc.
  $ 7,909       3.1 %   $ 8,044       3.1 %
                                 
Earnings per share:
                               
Continuing operations attributable to inVentiv Health Inc.:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.24             $ 0.25          
Diluted
  $ 0.24             $ 0.24          
Discontinued operations attributable to inVentiv Health Inc.:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.00             $ 0.00          
Diluted
  $ 0.00             $ 0.00          
Net earnings attributable to inVentiv Health Inc.:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.24             $ 0.25          
Diluted
  $ 0.24             $ 0.24          
   
(1)  
Cost of services is expressed as a percentage of segment revenue.  All other line items are displayed as a percentage of total revenues.
(2)  
Cost of services includes reimbursed out of pocket expenses.
 
Revenues: Revenues decreased by approximately $4 million, or 2%, to $258 million during the first quarter of 2009, from $262 million during the first quarter of 2008. Net revenues (revenues, net of pass-through costs) decreased by approximately $4 million, or 2%, to $221 million during the first quarter of 2009 from $225 million in the first quarter of 2008.
 
inVentiv Clinical’s revenues were $51 million during the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $1 million compared to $52 million during  the first quarter of 2008.  inVentiv Clinical revenues accounted for 20% of total inVentiv revenues during the first quarter of 2009.  Revenues in inVentiv Clinical were lower in 2009 predominantly due to a softening in the demand for our resourcing services due to the current economic environment.
 
inVentiv Communications’ revenues were $71 million during the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $17 million or 19% from the first quarter of 2008.  inVentiv Communications’ revenues accounted for 28% of total inVentiv revenues during the first quarter of 2009.  The majority of this decrease is due to the tentativeness of our clients to make marketing spend decisions, as described above in Outsourcing Trends and the Current Economic Environment.

inVentiv Commercial’s revenues were $103 million during the first quarter of 2009, an increase of $11 million, or 12% from the first quarter of 2008.  inVentiv Commercial revenues accounted for 40% of total inVentiv revenues for the first quarter of 2009. Approximately 29% of the increase related to the inclusion of PLS’s results in the first quarter of 2009, with the remaining increase due to increased sales representatives, despite the wind-down of Boehringer Ingelheim during the fourth quarter of 2008, and increased pass-through revenues.

inVentiv Patient Outcomes’ revenues were $32 million during the first quarter of 2009, up $2 million from the first quarter of 2008.  The acquisition of PMG contributed approximately $3.4 million of revenues during the first quarter of 2009.  The revenue growth was partially offset by delays in contract approvals.  

Cost of Services: Cost of services increased by approximately $1 million or 1%, to $181 million during the first quarter of 2009 from $180 million in the first quarter of 2008.  Cost of services as a percentage of revenues was 70% and 69% during the first quarter of 2009 and 2008, respectively.

inVentiv Clinical’s cost of services increased by approximately $2 million, or 5%, to $39 million during the first quarter of 2009 from $37 million during the first quarter of 2008.  Cost of services as a percentage of revenues was 75% and 70% during the first quarter of 2009 and 2008, respectively.  The increased percentage was primarily due to an increase in headcounts and pass-through expenses in our CRO services division.

inVentiv Communications’ cost of services decreased by 22% to $39 million during the first quarter of 2009 when compared to the first quarter of 2008.  This variance is related to the decrease in revenues described above.  Cost of services as a percentage of the segment’s revenues decreased from 56% during the first quarter of 2008 to 55% during the first quarter of 2009.

Cost of services at inVentiv Commercial increased by approximately $9 million, or 12%, to $85 million in the first quarter of 2009, mainly due to the increase in revenues and the inclusion of PLS results, as described above.  Cost of services was 83% and 82% of inVentiv Commercial’s revenues during the first quarter of 2009 and 2008, respectively.

inVentiv Patient Outcomes cost of services increased by approximately $1 million, or 6%, to $19 million in the first quarter of 2009 from $18 million during the first quarter of 2008, mainly due to the inclusion of PMG’s results during the first quarter of 2009, as mentioned above.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (“SG&A”): SG&A expenses decreased by approximately $5 million, or 8%, to $57 million during the first quarter of 2009 from $62 million during the first quarter of 2008.
 
SG&A expenses at inVentiv Clinical decreased by approximately $2 million to approximately $11 million during the first quarter of 2009, compared to $13 million during the first quarter of 2008 due to lower commissions in our resourcing and permanent placement groups as a result of the lower revenue.
 
SG&A expenses at inVentiv Communications decreased $4 million to $22 million during the first quarter of 2009 due to lower rent and professional fees.
 
SG&A expenses at inVentiv Commercial were approximately $11million during the first quarter of 2009 and the first quarter of 2008.  The addition of PLS SG&A was offset by lower costs due to an integration of certain departments into a corporate function.
 
SG&A expenses at inVentiv Patient Outcomes were approximately $7 million during the first quarter of 2009 and 2008.
 
Other SG&A was approximately $5 million for the first quarter of 2009 and 2008.  The comparative balances include an increase from an integration of certain divisional departments into a corporate function in 2009, which was offset by a sale of certain marketable securities.
 
Interest Expense:  Interest expense was approximately $6 million during the first quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, mainly due to the consistent period interest on our Credit Agreement, as more fully explained in Liquidity and Capital Resources.
 
Provision for Income Taxes: The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2009 was 42.2%, versus 41.3% during the first quarter of 2008.  The rate includes a tax detriment of 1% due to the settlement of various state audits. The rate for the first quarter of 2008 included a tax detriment relating to interest on unrecognized tax benefits of approximately 0.2%. The Company’s current effective tax rate is based on current projections for earnings in the tax jurisdictions in which inVentiv does business and is subject to taxation.  The Company’s effective tax rate could fluctuate due to changes in earnings between operating entities and differences in tax rates in the related tax jurisdictions.
 
Net Income and Earnings Per Share (“EPS”): inVentiv’s net income was $8 million during the first quarter of 2009 and the first quarter of 2008.  Diluted earnings per share during the first quarter of 2009 did not change from the first quarter of 2008. 
 

 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

At March 31, 2009, inVentiv had approximately $90 million of unrestricted cash and equivalents, consistent with the December 31, 2008 balance.  For the three-months ended March 31, 2008 compared to March 31, 2009, cash provided by operations increased by $11 million from a source of $10 million to a source of $21 million.  Cash used in investing activities increased from $8 million to $14 million for the three-months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively.  Cash provided by financing activities increased from a use of $5 million to a use of $7 million over the same comparative periods.

Cash provided by operations was $21 million during the three-months ended March 31, 2009, while cash provided in operations was $10 million in the three-months ended March 31, 2008.  This increase was primarily due to the improved collections and timing of unbilled services across our segments in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to first quarter of 2008.  This is a result of our continued focus on strengthening our collections process as the credit environment has worsened.

Cash used in investing activities was $14 million for the three-months ended March 31, 2009 compared to $8 million used during the same period in 2008.  During the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company paid approximately $17 million of cash relating to earnout contingency payments and post-closing adjustments from previous acquisitions.  During the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company also received proceeds of $5 million and $15 million, respectively, from our investment in marketable securities, which was mainly from redemptions from the Columbia Strategic Cash Portfolio (“CSCP”).  An increase in the cash value of life insurance policies from our deferred compensation plan increased cash from investing activities by approximately $3 million.

Cash used in financing activities was $7 million for the three-months ended March 31, 2009, compared to $5 million used by financing activities for the three-months ended March 31, 2008.  The difference primarily relates to the decrease in the Company’s stock price for these comparative periods, which has resulted in significantly less exercises of stock options as well as tax expense in the first quarter of 2009 as opposed to excess tax benefits in the first quarter of 2008 from stock-based compensation.

Our principal external source of liquidity is our syndicated, secured credit agreement, which we entered into with UBS AG, Stamford Branch, and others in connection with the inVentiv Communications, Inc. acquisition.  On July 6, 2007, we amended this credit facility and in connection therewith entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with UBS AG, Stamford Branch and the other lenders party to the credit facility.  The key features of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement are as follows:
 
·  
A $330 million term loan facility was made available to inVentiv in a single drawing, which was used to
 
·  
refinance the existing October 2005 credit facility, which had a remaining balance of  $164 million, and
 
·  
fund the acquisitions of CCA and AWAC and pay the fees associated with the new credit facility, with the balance retained by inVentiv as working capital.
 
The credit agreement also included up to $20 million in additional term loans (“delayed draw term loans”) that was to be advanced no later than January 6, 2008.  The Company elected not to draw additional amounts under the agreement.  The agreement also contains a $50 million revolving credit facility, of which $10 million is available for the issuance of letters of credit, and a swingline facility.  The term loan will mature on the seventh anniversary of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, with scheduled amortization of 1% per year during years one through six and 94% during year seven.  The revolving loans will mature on the sixth anniversary of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.
 
·  
Amounts advanced under the credit agreement must be prepaid with a percentage, determined based on a leverage test set forth in the credit agreement, of Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the credit agreement) and the proceeds of certain non-ordinary course asset sales and certain issuances of debt obligations and 50% of certain issuances of equity securities of inVentiv and its subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions. We may elect to prepay the loans, in whole or in part at any time, in certain minimum principal amounts, without penalty or premium (other than normal LIBOR break funding costs). Amounts borrowed under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement in respect of term loans (including delayed draw term loans) that are repaid or prepaid may not be reborrowed.  Amounts borrowed under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement in respect of revolving loans may be paid or prepaid and reborrowed.
 
·  
Interest on the loans accrue, at our election, at either (1) the Alternate Base Rate (which is the greater of UBS’s prime rate and federal funds effective rate plus 1/2 of 1%) or (2) the Adjusted LIBOR Rate, with interest periods determined at our option of 1, 2, 3 or 6 months (or, if the affected lenders agree, 9 months), in each case plus a spread based on the type of loan and method of interest rate determination elected.
 
The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement contains, among other things, conditions precedent, representations and warranties, covenants and events of default customary for facilities of this type. Such covenants include certain limitations on indebtedness, liens, sale-leaseback transactions, guarantees, fundamental changes, dividends and transactions with affiliates. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement also includes a financial covenant under which inVentiv is required to maintain a total leverage ratio that does not exceed, as of the last day of any four consecutive fiscal quarters, 4.0 to 1.0 through December 31, 2009 and 3.5 to 1.0 thereafter. Our leverage ratio was 2.36 to 1.0 as of March 31, 2009, which is in compliance with the financial covenant.
 
Effective September 6, 2007, we entered into a five-year swap arrangement for $165 million, in which the notional amount increased to $325 million upon the expiration of our 2005 swap arrangement in December 2008, to hedge against our credit exposure under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.  The swap arrangement is explained in more detail in Part I, Item 3 below.
 
We believe that our cash and equivalents, cash to be provided by operations and available credit under our credit facility will be sufficient to fund our current operating requirements over the next 12 months.  However, we cannot assure you that these sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund all internal growth initiatives, investments and acquisition activities that we may wish to pursue. If we pursue significant internal growth initiatives or if we wish to acquire additional businesses in transactions that include cash payments as part of the purchase price, we may pursue additional debt or equity sources to finance such transactions and activities, depending on market conditions.  The acquisition agreements entered into in connection with our 2007 and 2008 acquisitions include earn-out provisions pursuant to which the sellers will become entitled to additional consideration, which may be material, if the acquired businesses achieve specified performance measurements.  See Note 4 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.



Long-Term Debt Exposure

At March 31, 2009 the Company had $324 million debt outstanding under its secured term loan as described under “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Item 2 above.  The Company will incur variable interest expense with respect to our outstanding loan.  This interest rate risk may be partially offset by our derivative financial instrument, as described below.  Based on our debt obligation outstanding at March 31, 2009, a hypothetical increase or decrease of 10% in the variable interest rate would have an immaterial effect on interest expense due to the fixed rate associated with our derivative financial instruments.

Derivative Financial Instrument

On September 6, 2007, we entered into a new amortizing five-year interest rate swap arrangement with a notional amount of $165 million at hedge inception, with an accretive notional amount that increased to $325 million effective December 31, 2008 (concurrently with the expiration of the Company’s original 2005 three-year interest rate swap arrangement) to hedge the total outstanding debt notional amount.  This hedge relationship was designated as a cash flow hedge.  At hedge inception, we employed the dollar offset method by performing a sensitivity analysis to assess effectiveness and utilized the hypothetical derivative method under DIG Issue G7 to measure ineffectiveness.  The hypothetical derivative contains the same terms and conditions as the debt agreement.  As a result of the hypothetical derivative method, there was no ineffectiveness for the period ended March 31, 2009, and accordingly, $1.6 million ($1.0 million, net of taxes) was recorded as a decrease to Other Comprehensive Income and an increase to other non-current liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
 
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Exposure

The Company is not currently affected by foreign currency exchange rate exposure, except for any fluctuations in the foreign bank accounts remaining from the divestitures of our European business units, from continuing operations of our UK, France and Canadian subsidiaries and equity investments and noncontrolling interest in our foreign business units, which are not material to its consolidated financial statements.  Our treatment of foreign subsidiaries is consistent with the guidelines set forth in SFAS 52, Foreign Currency Translations.   The financial statements of our subsidiaries expressed in foreign currencies are translated from the respective functional currencies to U.S. Dollars, with results of operations and cash flows translated at average exchange rates during the period, and assets and liabilities translated at end of the period exchange rates.  At March 31, 2009, the accumulated other comprehensive earnings related to foreign currency translations was approximately $3.1 million.  Foreign currency transaction gains and (losses) are included in the results of operations and are not material.

 
Based on their evaluation as of March 31, 2009, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) were effective as of March 31, 2009 to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC, and that material information relating to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries is made known to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, particularly during the period when our periodic reports are being prepared.  There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
 
 
Our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our Disclosure Controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.
 


Weisz v. Albertsons, Inc. (San Diego Superior Court Case No. GIC 830069):  This action was filed on May 17, 2004 in San Diego Superior Court, California by Utility Consumer Action Network against Albertsons, Inc. and its affiliated drug store chains and seventeen pharmaceutical companies.  This complaint alleged, among other claims, violation of the California Unfair Competition Law and the California Confidentiality of Medical Information Act (“CMIA”) arising from the operation of manufacturer-sponsored, pharmacy-based compliance programs similar to Adheris’ refill reminder programs.  An amended complaint was filed on November 4, 2004 adding Adheris as a defendant to the lawsuit.  A subsequent amendment to the complaint substituted Plaintiff Kimberly Weisz (“Plaintiff”) as the class representative to this purported class action.

After several rounds of pleading challenges to Plaintiff’s various renditions of the complaint, all but one pharmaceutical manufacturing company, AstraZeneca, LP, were dismissed from the case, leaving only Albertsons, Inc., Adheris, and AstraZeneca as the remaining defendants (“Defendants”) in this action.  In the latest pleading challenge to Plaintiff’s Fifth Amended Complaint, the remaining defendants were successful in eliminating a number of claims, including fraud-based and breach of privacy claims.  Defendants also successfully moved to strike Plaintiff’s class allegations as improper.  The operative Sixth Amended Complaint, which was filed on January 6, 2008, alleges five causes of action against Defendants.  Only three of these claims – violation of the CMIA, breach of fiduciary duty, and unjust enrichment – are alleged against Adheris.

On February 8, 2009, the remaining parties to the Weisz action entered into a Settlement Agreement and Release (the "Weisz Settlement").  Under the terms of the Weisz Settlement, which has been preliminarily approved by the court but remains subject to final court approval after a fairness hearing, Adheris would agree to refrain from knowing participation in any refill reminder programs, targeted mailings or notifications regarding medical conditions of specific California residents except those residents who have expressly opted in to the communication or as otherwise permitted by California law.  Adheris currently does not conduct significant business in California of the type encompassed by Weisz Settlement.  It is expected that Adheris’ financial contribution to the settlement in excess of its retention amount will be funded by insurance.  Our insurer, AIG, is defending this action under reservation of rights.

The hearing to consider final approval of the Weisz Settlement is scheduled for June 5, 2009.  The court-ordered period for objection to the settlement expired on April 27, 2009 and to date no objections to the settlement have been received by us.  If the settlement does not become final, Adheris intends to continue to defend this action vigorously, and we do not believe that this action will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated balance sheets, results of operations or cash flows.  It is impossible to predict the outcome of litigation with certainty, however, and there can be no assurance that an adverse result in this proceeding would not have a potentially material adverse effect on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, results of operations or cash flows.

Indemnification Claim.  In January 2008, PRS received a demand for indemnification from one of its customers relating to a lawsuit filed against the customer pursuant to the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991, as amended by the Junk Fax Prevention Act of 2005, 47 U.S.C. § 227, a state consumer fraud statute and common law conversion; and seeks statutory and actual damages allegedly caused by the sending of unsolicited fax advertisements related to the customer’s product.  PRS assisted the customer in sending the faxes in question, although the actual faxing was done by an unaffiliated entity.  The customer based its demand for indemnification on an indemnification clause found in its services contract with PRS.  PRS agreed to indemnify the customer on the condition that PRS and its appointed counsel would have control over the defense of this matter.

Our insurer, Chubb Group, is defending this action under reservation of rights.  In December 2008, the parties to the action entered into a settlement agreement, which is subject to Court approval and requires notification to various state attorneys general.  The hearing to consider final approval of the settlement is scheduled for June 10, 2009.  If the settlement agreement becomes final, the amount to be paid to the settlement class in excess of the deductible amount is expected to be funded by Chubb Group.  If the settlement does not become final, PRS intends to continue to defend this action vigorously, and  we do not believe that this action will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated balance sheets, results of operations or cash flows.  It is impossible to predict the outcome of litigation with certainty, however, and there can be no assurance that an adverse result in this proceeding would not have a potentially material adverse effect on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, results of operations or cash flows.

Other  We are subject to lawsuits, investigations and claims arising out of the conduct of our business, including those related to commercial transactions, contracts, government regulation and employment matters.  Certain such claims have been filed or are pending against us.  All such matters are of a kind routinely experienced in our business and are consistent with our historical experience.  We do not believe that any such routine action will have a material adverse effect on us.


There have been no material changes in the risk factors discussed in Item 1A of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.


On March 12, 2009, we released a total of 74,716 unregistered shares of our Common Stock to the former stockholder of inVentiv Communications, Inc. (fka inChord Communications, Inc.) ("inVentiv Communications") pursuant to the earnout provisions of the acquisition agreement relating to inVentiv's 2005 acquisition of inVentiv Communications.

 The common stock issuance described above was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  There was no general solicitation or advertising and the recipients of such unregistered shares were limited in number and/or sophisticated.
 


ITEM 6.                      Exhibits

31.1
 
Certification by the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
31.2
 
Certification by the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
32.1
  
Chief Executive Officer’s Certification of Financial Statements Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
32.2
  
Chief Financial Officer’s Certification of Financial Statements Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 

 


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

  INVENTIV HEALTH, INC.  
       
May 8, 2009
By:
/s/ DAVID S. BASSIN  
    David S. Bassin  
    Chief Financial Officer and Secretary  
     (Principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)