-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, J3Dr3FD3MLTFDWBMNMIWYQyWixTSgPiVDYA8kxRNygTIaU9If2Mem4y3a4jfM2uh BYxmFeWB5nBNNczXdeQBRA== 0001193125-04-211095.txt : 20041210 0001193125-04-211095.hdr.sgml : 20041210 20041210160429 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-04-211095 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-Q PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 10 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20041031 FILED AS OF DATE: 20041210 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20041210 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: TIVO INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001088825 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: CABLE & OTHER PAY TELEVISION SERVICES [4841] IRS NUMBER: 770463167 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0131 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-Q SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-27141 FILM NUMBER: 041196499 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2160 GOLD STREET STREET 2: PO BOX 2160 CITY: ALVISO STATE: CA ZIP: 95002 BUSINESS PHONE: 4087476080 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 894 ROSS DRIVE STREET 2: SUITE 100 CITY: SUNNYVALE STATE: CA ZIP: 94089 10-Q 1 d10q.htm FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED OCTOBER 31, 2004 For the quarterly period ended October 31, 2004
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-Q

 


 

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended October 31, 2004.

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from              to             

 

Commission file number 000-27141

 


 

TIVO INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

Delaware   77-0463167

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

2160 Gold Street, P.O. Box 2160, Alviso, CA 95002

(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)

 

(408) 519-9100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 


 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES  x    NO  ¨.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    YES  x    NO  ¨ .

 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, was 80,649,544 as of November 30, 2004.

 



Table of Contents

TIVO INC.

 

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE FISCAL QUARTER ENDED OCTOBER 31, 2004

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I : FINANCIAL INFORMATION

   3
    ITEM 1.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)    3
        CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS    3
        CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS    5
        CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY    6
        CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS    7
        NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    9
    ITEM 2.   MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS    22
    ITEM 3.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK    52
    ITEM 4.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES    53

PART II : OTHER INFORMATION

   53
    ITEM 1.   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS    53
    ITEM 2.   CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS    53
    ITEM 3.   DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES    53
    ITEM 4.   SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS    53
    ITEM 5.   OTHER INFORMATION    54
    ITEM 6.   EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K    55
    SIGNATURES AND OFFICER CERTIFICATIONS    57

 

©2004 TiVo Inc. All Rights Reserved.

 

Except as the context otherwise requires, the terms “TiVo”, “Registrant”, “company”, “we”, “us”, or “our” as used herein are references to TiVo Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

2


Table of Contents

PART I : FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     October 31,
2004


   January 31,
2004


ASSETS              

CURRENT ASSETS

             

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 88,532    $ 143,235

Accounts receivable (includes $1,500 due from related parties as of January 31, 2004), net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $113 and $17 as of October 31, 2004 and January 31, 2004, respectively

     25,158      12,131

Inventories

     36,434      8,566

Prepaid expenses and other, current (includes $2,832 prepaid to related parties as of January 31, 2004)

     5,174      5,184
    

  

Total current assets

     155,298      169,116

LONG-TERM ASSETS

             

Property and equipment, net

     8,584      8,695

Intangible assets, net

     2,149      2,201

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term (includes $3,268 prepaid to related parties as of January 31, 2004)

     1,714      3,879
    

  

Total long-term assets

     12,447      14,775
    

  

Total assets

   $ 167,745    $ 183,891
    

  

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY              

LIABILITIES

             

CURRENT LIABILITIES

             

Accounts payable

   $ 25,143    $ 15,028

Accrued liabilities (includes $880 due to related parties as of January 31, 2004)

     24,754      16,125

Deferred revenue, current (includes $1,814 from related parties as of January 31, 2004)

     39,638      38,392
    

  

Total current liabilities

     89,535      69,545

LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

             

Convertible notes payable (face value $10,450)

     7,301      6,005

Deferred revenue, long-term

     45,820      41,895

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

3


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TIVO INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)

 

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     October 31,
2004


    January 31,
2004


 

Deferred rent and other

     726       814  
    


 


Total long-term liabilities

     53,847       48,714  
    


 


Total liabilities

     143,382       118,259  

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (see Note 7)

                

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

                

Preferred stock, par value $0.001:

                

Authorized shares are 10,000,000 Issued and outstanding shares - none

     —         —    

Common stock, par value $0.001:

                

Authorized shares are 150,000,000 Issued and outstanding shares are 80,618,061 and 79,588,476 respectively

     80       80  

Additional paid-in capital

     648,371       644,064  

Deferred compensation.

     (661 )     (1,262 )

Accumulated deficit

     (623,427 )     (577,250 )
    


 


Total stockholders’ equity

     24,363       65,632  
    


 


Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 167,745     $ 183,891  
    


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

4


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TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

    

Three Months Ended

October 31,


   

Nine Months Ended

October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 

Revenues

                                

Service and technology revenues (includes $7,345 from related parties for the three months ended October 31, 2003 and $6,805 and $15,735 from related parties for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

   $ 28,377     $ 22,674     $ 81,311     $ 56,148  

Hardware revenues

     27,894       24,479       60,823       47,345  

Rebates, revenue share and other payments to channel

     (17,944 )     (3,897 )     (29,508 )     (5,045 )
    


 


 


 


Net revenues

     38,327       43,256       112,626       98,448  

Costs of revenues

                                

Costs of service and technology revenues

     7,970       8,834       25,069       23,566  

Cost of hardware revenues

     28,486       25,413       68,056       48,149  
    


 


 


 


Total cost of revenues

     36,456       34,247       93,125       71,715  
    


 


 


 


Gross margin

     1,871       9,009       19,501       26,733  
    


 


 


 


Research and development

     9,291       5,432       26,428       16,693  

Sales and marketing (includes $2,155 to related parties for the three months ended October 31, 2003 and $1,100 and $5,937 to related parties for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     14,212       5,704       25,838       14,205  

General and administrative

     4,366       3,949       12,399       11,788  
    


 


 


 


Total operating expenses

     27,869       15,085       64,665       42,686  
    


 


 


 


Loss from operations

     (25,998 )     (6,076 )     (45,164 )     (15,953 )

Interest income

     397       133       1,090       363  

Interest expense and other

     (671 )     (1,330 )     (1,995 )     (3,915 )
    


 


 


 


Loss before income taxes

     (26,272 )     (7,273 )     (46,069 )     (19,505 )

Provision for income taxes

     (78 )     (115 )     (108 )     (152 )
    


 


 


 


Net loss

   $ (26,350 )   $ (7,388 )   $ (46,177 )   $ (19,657 )
    


 


 


 


Net loss per common share - basic and diluted

   $ (0.33 )   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.58 )   $ (0.30 )
    


 


 


 


Weighted average common shares used to calculate basic and diluted

     80,266,784       68,225,887       80,087,792       66,027,155  
    


 


 


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

5


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TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     Common Stock

   Additional Paid-In
Capital


    Deferred
Compensation


    Accumulated
Deficit


    Total

 
     Shares

    Amount

        

BALANCE JANUARY 31, 2004

   79,588,476     $ 80    $ 644,064     $ (1,262 )   $ (577,250 )   $ 65,632  

Cashless exercise of 654,487 warrants resulting in the net issuance of 241,492 shares of common stock

   241,492                                      0  

Issuance of common stock related to purchase of patent rights

   31,708              306                       306  

Issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

   204,199              987                       987  

Issuance of common stock related to employee stock purchase plan

   227,517              1,228                       1,228  

Retirement due to forfeiture of unvested restricted common stock

   (16,852 )            (144 )     144               0  

Recognition of stock based compensation expense

                          298               298  

Net loss

                                  (9,067 )     (9,067 )
    

 

  


 


 


 


BALANCE APRIL 30, 2004

   80,276,540       80      646,441       (820 )     (586,317 )     59,384  

Issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

   43,303              106                       106  

Recognition of stock based compensation expense

                          252               252  

Net loss

                                  (10,760 )     (10,760 )
    

 

  


 


 


 


BALANCE JULY 31, 2004

   80,319,843       80      646,547       (568 )     (597,077 )     48,982  

Issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

   91,652              298                       298  

Issuance of common stock related to employee stock purchase plan

   206,566              1,180                       1,180  

Deferred compensation from issuance of stock options with exercise prices below fair market value

                  300       (300 )             —    

Recognition of expense for stock option granted to former employee

                  46                       46  

Recognition of stock based compensation expense

                          207               207  

Net loss

                                  (26,350 )     (26,350 )
    

 

  


 


 


 


BALANCE OCTOBER 31, 2004

   80,618,061     $ 80    $ 648,371     $ (661 )   $ (623,427 )   $ 24,363  
    

 

  


 


 


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

6


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TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

                

Net loss

   $ (46,177 )   $ (19,657 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

                

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment and intangibles

     3,289       4,136  

Amortization of prepaid advertising

     —         1,003  

Non-cash interest expense

     1,416       2,809  

Recognition of stock-based compensation expense

     803       74  

Amortization of note receivable

     —         627  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

                

Accounts receivable, net (change includes $1,500 and $133 from related parties for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003)

     (13,027 )     (12,750 )

Inventories

     (27,868 )     (2,684 )

Prepaid expenses and other, current (change includes $2,832 and $9 to related parties for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     (110 )     (764 )

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term (change includes $3,268 and $1,051 to related parties for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     2,165       1,464  

Accounts payable

     10,115       6,059  

Accrued liabilities (change includes $(880) and $(1,756) to related parties for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     8,935       (3,482 )

Deferred revenue, current (change includes $(1,814) and $(4,756) from related parties for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     1,246       1,660  

Deferred revenue, long-term

     3,925       1,611  

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities

     (88 )     (904 )
    


 


Net cash used in operating activities

     (55,376 )     (20,798 )
    


 


CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

                

Acquisition of property and equipment, net

     (3,126 )     (1,637 )
    


 


Net cash used in investing activities

     (3,126 )     (1,637 )
    


 


CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

                

Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to employee stock purchase plan

     2,408       1,735  

Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

     1,391       6,183  

Borrowing under bank line of credit

     —         6,000  

Cash proceeds from issuance of common stock

     —         26,623  

Payment of issuance costs for common stock

     —         (500 )
    


 


Net cash provided by financing activities

     3,799       40,041  
    


 


NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

     (54,703 )     17,606  
    


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

7


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TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

 

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:

                

Balance at beginning of period

     143,235       44,201  
    


 


Balance at end of period

   $ 88,532     $ 61,807  
    


 


SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH AND NON-CASH FLOW INFORMATION

                

Cash paid for interest

   $ (584 )   $ (1,100 )

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF RESTRICTED CASH AND OTHER NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING INFORMATION

                

Cashless exercise of 654,487 warrants resulting in the net issuance of 241,492 shares of common stock

     —         —    

Adjustment to deferred compensation as a result of retirement due to forfeiture of unvested restricted common stock

     (144 )     —    

Issuance of common stock for purchase of patents rights

     (306 )     —    

Issuance of compensatory common stock grant at $10.57 per share

     —         (370 )

Deferred compensation recorded from issuance of stock options at option price at less than FMV

     (300 )     (140 )

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

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TIVO INC.

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

 

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS

 

TiVo Inc. (the “Company” or “TiVo”) was incorporated in August 1997 as a Delaware corporation and is located in Alviso, California. On August 21, 2000, TiVo (UK) Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of TiVo Inc., was incorporated in the United Kingdom. On October 9, 2001, the Company formed a subsidiary, TiVo International, Inc., also a Delaware corporation. On July 16, 2004, TiVo Intl. II, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of TiVo Inc., was incorporated in the Cayman Islands. TiVo is a provider of technology and services for digital video recorders, or DVRs. The Company has developed a subscription-based television service (the “TiVo service”) that allows consumers to record, watch, and control television. The TiVo service also offers the television industry a platform for advertisers, content delivery, and audience research. The TiVo service requires a TiVo-enabled DVR or set-top box. These may be purchased at major consumer electronics retailers throughout the United States or through the Company’s website. Many currently available TiVo-enabled DVRs are broadband-enabled and offer customers the ability to enjoy digital music and photos.

 

The Company continues to be subject to a number of risks, including delays in product and service developments; competitive service offerings; lack of market acceptance and uncertainty of future profitability; the dependence on third parties for manufacturing, marketing, and sales support; the intellectual property claims against the Company; and its highly dependent relationship with DIRECTV. The Company conducts its operations through one reportable segment. The Company anticipates that its business will continue to be seasonal and expects to generate a significant number of its annual new subscriptions during and immediately after the holiday shopping season.

 

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not contain all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete audited annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of October 31, 2004 and January 31, 2004 and the results of operations for the three and nine-month periods ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine-month periods ended October 31, 2004 and 2003. Additionally, included is the unaudited statement of stockholders’ equity for the nine-month period ended October 31, 2004. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of January 31, 2004 and 2003, including the notes thereto, included in the Company’s 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Operating results for the three and nine-month periods ended October 31, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the year ending January 31, 2005.

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Related Parties Relationships

 

In June 2004, the Company determined DIRECTV no longer met its definition of a related party relationship because DIRECTV’s representative on the Company’s board of directors, resigned from the board. Soon thereafter, DIRECTV notified

 

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the Company that it sold its equity position in the Company so it no longer held an equity position of 5% or more. Thus, the Company determined DIRECTV no longer met its definition of a related party relationship. Therefore, the Company classified DIRECTV’s activities from June 2004 forward as non-related party activities.

 

Accordingly, the Company did not reflect transactions with DIRECTV for activities after May 31, 2004 in the parenthetical related party transaction disclosures included on the consolidated condensed balance sheets and consolidated condensed statements of operations and cash flows for the three months ended July 31, 2004. The parenthetical disclosures detail the subset amount of related party amounts that are included in the total figures on statements provided.

 

The Company determined that no change to DIRECTV’s related party classification for prior periods was required as during that time DIRECTV was in a position to significantly influence the Company’s management and operation expenses.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Inventories

 

TiVo maintains a finished goods inventory of the TiVo-enabled DVRs throughout the year. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on an aggregate basis, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out method.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives as follows:

 

Furniture and fixtures      3-5 years
Computer and office equipment      3-5 years
Lab equipment      3 years
Leasehold improvements     

The shorter of 7 years or the

life of the lease

Capitalized software for internal use      1-5 years

 

Maintenance and repair expenditures are expensed as incurred.

 

Capitalized Software

 

Costs of computer software to be sold, leased or otherwise marketed have been accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 86, “Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed.” The Company achieves technological feasibility upon development of a working model. The period between the development of a working model and the release of the final product to customers is short and, therefore, the development costs incurred during this short period are immaterial and, as such, are not capitalized.

 

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Deferred Rent and Other Long-Term Liabilities

 

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities consist primarily of accrued rent resulting from the recognition of the long-term portion of rent and related property taxes and insurance for the Company’s corporate headquarters office buildings. Additionally included are liabilities as a result of the Company’s TiVo rewards program, a customer loyalty program.

 

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue

 

During the three and nine-month periods ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 the Company generated service revenues from fees for providing the TiVo service to consumers. The Company also generated technology revenues from providing licensing and engineering professional services to other entities that were creating products that provide DVR functionality. In addition, in an effort to increase its subscription growth, the Company manufactured and distributed TiVo branded DVRs. This effort resulted in revenues from the sale of hardware products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Service Revenues. Included in service revenues are revenues from monthly and annual subscription fees to the TiVo service. These subscription revenues are recognized over the period benefited. Subscription revenues from product lifetime subscriptions are recognized ratably over a four-year period, the Company’s estimate of the useful life of the DVR.

 

Technology Revenues. The Company recognizes technology revenues under technology license and engineering professional services agreements in accordance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountant’s Statement of Position (“SOP”), 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” as amended. These agreements contain multiple-elements in which vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value is required for all undelivered elements in order to recognize revenue related to the delivered element. Elements included in the Company’s arrangements may include technology licenses and associated maintenance and support, engineering professional services and other services. The timing of revenue recognition related to these transactions will depend, in part, on whether the Company can establish VSOE for undelivered elements and on how these transactions are structured. As such, revenue recognition may not correspond to the timing of related cash flows or the Company’s work effort.

 

In arrangements which include engineering professional services that are essential to the functionality of the software or involve significant customization or modification of the software, the Company recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion method, as described in SOP 81-1 “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts,” if the Company believes it is able to make reasonably dependable estimates of the extent of progress toward completion. The Company measures progress toward completion based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to total estimated costs of the project, an input method. These estimates are assessed continually during the term of the contract and revisions are reflected when the conditions become known. In some cases, the Company has accepted engineering professional services contracts that were expected to be losses at the time of acceptance in order to gain experience in developing new technology that could be used in future products and services. Provisions for all losses on contracts are recorded when estimates indicate that a loss will be incurred on a contract. If the Company is not able to estimate total project revenues, total costs, or progress toward completion, but is able to estimate that no loss will be incurred on an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue to the extent of incremental direct costs until the engineering professional services are complete. Thereafter, any remaining revenue is recognized over the period the maintenance and support or other services are provided.

 

Hardware Revenues. The Company recognizes hardware revenues, net of an allowance for sales returns, from the sales of its TiVo-enabled DVRs. Hardware revenues are recognized upon shipment to consumers or upon delivery to retail customers. The fees for shipping and handling paid by customers are recognized as hardware revenues. The costs associated with shipping and handling these DVRs are expensed as cost of hardware revenues.

 

Rebates, Revenue Share, and Other Payments to Channel. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 01-09, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendors Products)”, certain payments to customers such as market development funds and revenue share are shown as a reduction to revenue rather than as a sales and marketing expense. These payments are classified as “rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel.”

 

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Deferred Revenues. Deferred revenues consists of unrecognized service and technology fees that have been collected, however the related service has not yet been provided or VSOE of fair value does not exist for the undelivered elements of an arrangement.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee salaries, related expenses, and consulting fees relating to the development of the TiVo service platform and products that enable the TiVo service. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses, media advertising, public relations activities, special promotions, trade shows, and the production of product related items, including collateral and videos. Additionally, included are sales and marketing expenses that consist of cash and non-cash charges related to the Company’s agreements with related parties.

 

Advertising

 

The Company expenses advertising costs as the services are provided. Advertising expenses were $8.9 million and $10.7 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 and $225,000 and $424,000 for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2003, respectively.

 

Interest Expense and Other

 

Interest expense and other consists of cash and non-cash charges related to interest expense paid to related parties and non-related parties. Included in interest expense are cash charges for coupon interest expense related to the convertible notes payable. Included in non-cash interest expense is amortization of discount on the convertible notes payable and debt issuance costs.

 

Comprehensive Loss

 

The Company has no material components of other comprehensive income or loss and, accordingly, the Comprehensive Loss is the same as the net loss for all periods presented.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, line of credit and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.

 

Because there is no active public market for the Company’s convertible notes payable, the Company estimates the fair value of its outstanding convertible notes payable by utilizing the value of the common stock that the notes are convertible into.

 

As of October 31, 2004, the convertible notes payable long-term, face value of $10,450,000, were convertible (using the conversion price then in effect of $3.99) into 2,619,045 shares of the Company’s common stock. The closing price of the Company’s common stock on October 29, 2004, as quoted on the Nasdaq, was $6.73. If converted, the total fair value of these shares at the closing price would have been $17.6 million.

 

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Business Concentrations and Credit Risk

 

Financial instruments that subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains cash with various financial institutions. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these institutions. The majority of the Company’s customers are concentrated in the United States. One retail customer generated $25.8 million and $18.4 million of hardware revenues, or approximately 23% and 19% of net revenues, respectively, for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003. The same retail customer generated $8.7 million and $11.2 million of hardware revenues, or approximately 23% and 26% of net revenues, respectively, for the three months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003. The Company is subject to a minimal amount of credit risk related to these customers as service revenue is primarily obtained through credit card sales.

 

The Company is dependent on single suppliers for several key components and services. The Company does not have contracts or arrangements with such suppliers. Instead, the Company purchases these components and services by submitting purchase orders with these companies. The Company also has an agreement with Tribune Media Services, its sole supplier of programming guide data for the TiVo service. If these suppliers fail to perform their obligations, the Company may be unable to find alternative suppliers or deliver its products and services to its customers on time or at all.

 

3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

 

The Company has stock option plans and an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), under which officers, employees, consultants and non-employee directors may be granted options to purchase shares of the Company’s authorized but un-issued or reacquired common stock, and may also be granted restricted stock and other stock awards. The Company’s stock option plans are accounted for under the intrinsic value recognition and measurement principles of APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related Interpretations. During the nine months ended October 31, 2004, options to purchase 3,422,950 shares were granted under the Company’s stock option plans at exercise prices equal to the market price of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. During this period, options to purchase 150,000 shares were granted with exercise prices less than market price at the date of grant, and there were no stock options granted with exercise prices greater than market price at the date of grant. The weighted average fair value of the stock options granted with exercise prices equal to fair market value on date of grant, during the nine months ended October 31, 2004 was $3.00. The weighted average fair value of stock options granted with exercise prices below fair market value on the date of grant during the nine months ended October 31, 2004 was $2.98. During the nine months ended October 31, 2004, 16,852 shares of unvested restricted stock that had been granted to an individual who was a former employee were retired due to forfeiture. This resulted in a reversal of $144,000 of deferred compensation.

 

There were 434,083 shares issued to employees under the Company’s ESPP during the nine months ended October 31, 2004. The weighted average fair value of the offerings to purchase ESPP shares for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 was $2.22. Stock-based compensation expense recognized for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 was $803,000.

 

During the nine months ended October 31, 2003, options to purchase 3,338,600 shares were granted under the stock option plans at exercise prices equal to the market price of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. Options to purchase 58,000 shares were granted at exercise prices below the market price of the underlying common stock on the date of grant resulting in $140,000 of deferred compensation and 35,000 shares were granted as a compensatory stock award resulting in $370,000 of deferred compensation. The weighted average fair value of the stock options granted during the nine months ended October 31, 2003 was $3.07. There were 408,096 shares issued to employees under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan during the nine months ended October 31, 2003. The weighted average fair value of the offerings to purchase these ESPP shares for the nine months ended October 31, 2003 was $1.58.

 

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The following table illustrates the effect on the Company’s net loss and basic and diluted loss per share as if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, as amended, to options granted under the Company’s stock option plans and under the Company’s ESPP for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003:

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,


   

Nine Months Ended

October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands, except per share data)  

Net loss, as reported

   $ (26,350 )   $ (7,388 )   $ (46,177 )   $ (19,657 )

Add back: stock based compensation expense recognized, net of related tax effects

     253       58       803       74  

Pro forma effect of stock based compensation expense determined under the fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects

     (2,621 )     (3,693 )     (8,759 )     (10,841 )
    


 


 


 


Net loss, pro forma

   $ (28,718 )   $ (11,023 )   $ (54,133 )   $ (30,424 )
    


 


 


 


Basic and diluted loss per common share, as reported

   $ (0.33 )   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.58 )   $ (0.30 )
    


 


 


 


Basic and diluted loss per common share, pro forma

   $ (0.36 )   $ (0.16 )   $ (0.68 )   $ (0.46 )
    


 


 


 


 

Option-pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The fair value of each option grant under SFAS 123 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair values of stock options issued to employees and non-employee directors and ESPP offerings were estimated using the Black Scholes option-pricing model assuming no expected dividends and the following weighted average assumptions:

 

     ESPP

    Stock Options

 
     Nine Months Ended October 31,

 

Weighted average

assumptions


   2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 

Expected term (in years)

   0.5     0.5     3.6     4.0  

Volatility

   55 %   50 %   53 %   50 %

Average risk free interest rate

   1.48 %   1.44 %   3.31 %   2.43 %

 

4. NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

 

Basic and diluted net loss per common share is calculated in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share.” Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding excluding repurchasable common stock and unvested restricted stock outstanding. As of October 31, 2004 there were 533,058 shares of repurchasable common stock outstanding and 57,206 shares of unvested restricted stock outstanding. As of October 31, 2003 there were 551,037 shares of repurchasable common stock outstanding.

 

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The weighted average number of shares outstanding used in the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share does not include the effect of the following potentially outstanding shares of common stock. The effect of these potentially outstanding shares were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because the effect would have been antidilutive:

 

     As of October 31,

     2004

   2003

Repurchasable common stock

   533,058    551,037

Unvested restricted stock outstanding

   57,206    —  

Number of common shares issuable for convertible notes payable

   2,619,045    5,125,313

Options to purchase common stock

   15,651,610    13,045,274

Potential shares to be issued from ESPP

   778,939    713,022

Warrants to purchase common stock

   4,843,644    5,800,209
    
  

Total

   24,483,502    25,234,855
    
  

 

In February 2004, Global Alliance Partners exercised two of their three-year warrants to purchase 15,000 shares in a cashless exercise that resulted in the net issuance of 10,886 shares of the Company’s common stock. Additionally, NBC, a related party, exercised their five-year warrant to purchase 490,196 shares in a cashless exercise that resulted in the net issuance of 167,373 shares of the Company’s common stock. NBC was issued this warrant in conjunction with the issuance of the convertible notes payable in August 2001.

 

DIRECTV was issued 155,941 two-year warrants in April 2002 in conjunction with the Warrant and Registration Rights Agreement. These warrants were transferred by DIRECTV to their parent company, Hughes Electronics Corporation. In March 2004, Hughes Electronics Corporation, exercised warrants to purchase 149,291 shares in a cashless exercise that resulted in the net issuance of 63,233 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining 6,650 warrants expired, unexercised on April 16, 2004.

 

5. INDEMNIFICATION ARRANGEMENTS AND GUARANTEES

 

Product Warranties

 

The Company accrues warranty costs for the expected material and labor required to provide warranty services on its hardware products. The methodology used in determining the liability for product warranty services is based upon historical information and experience. The Company’s warranty reserve liability is calculated as the total volume of unit sales over the warranty period, multiplied by the expected rate of warranty returns multiplied by the estimated cost to replace or repair the customers’ product returns under warranty. The Company’s minimum warranty period to consumers for TiVo-enabled DVRs is 90 days from the date of consumer purchase. Within the minimum warranty period, consumers are offered a no-charge exchange for TiVo-enabled DVRs returned due to product defect. After the minimum warranty period, consumers may exchange a TiVo-enabled DVR with a product defect for a charge. As of October 31, 2004 and 2003, the accrued warranty reserve was $560,000 and $443,000 respectively. The Company’s accrued warranty reserve is included in accrued liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

Indemnification Arrangements

 

The Company undertakes indemnification obligations in its ordinary course of business in connection with, among other things, the licensing of its products, the provision of consulting services and the issuance of securities. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company may indemnify the other party for certain losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, generally its business partners or customers, underwriters or certain investors, in connection with various types of claims, which may include, without limitation, claims of intellectual property infringement, certain tax liabilities, negligence, and intentional acts in the performance of services and violations of laws, including certain violations of securities laws. The term of these indemnification obligations is generally perpetual. The Company’s obligation to provide indemnification would arise in the event that a third party filed a claim against one of the parties that was covered by the Company’s indemnification

 

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obligation. As an example, if a third party sued a customer for intellectual property infringement and the Company agreed to indemnify that customer against such claims, its obligation would be triggered. In particular, as the Company has disclosed in Note 7, it is currently indemnifying Sony against a claim of intellectual property infringement brought by Command Audio in connection with Sony’s manufacture and sale of TiVo devices.

 

The Company is unable to estimate with any reasonable accuracy the liability that may be incurred pursuant to its indemnification obligations. A few of the variables affecting any such assessment include but are not limited to: the nature of the claim asserted, the relative merits of the claim, the financial ability of the party suing the indemnified party to engage in protracted litigation, the number of parties seeking indemnification, the nature and amount of damages claimed by the party suing the indemnified party, and the willingness of such party to engage in settlement negotiations. Due to the nature of the Company’s potential indemnity liability, its indemnification obligations could range from immaterial to having a material adverse impact on its financial position and its ability to continue in the ordinary course of business.

 

Under certain circumstances, the Company may have recourse through its insurance policies that would enable it to recover from its insurance company some or all amounts paid pursuant to its indemnification obligations. The Company does not have any assets held either as collateral or by third parties that, upon the occurrence of an event requiring it to indemnify a customer, the Company could obtain and liquidate to recover all or a portion of the amounts paid pursuant to its indemnification obligations.

 

6. CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE

 

On August 28, 2001, the Company closed a private placement of $51.8 million in face value of 7% convertible notes payable due August 15, 2006 and warrants and received cash proceeds, net of issuance costs, of approximately $40.1 million from accredited investors. During the nine months ended October 31, 2004, there were no conversions of notes payable. As of October 31, 2004, the Company had outstanding convertible notes payable at face value of approximately $10.5 million, held by approximately four noteholders.

 

As of October 31, 2004, the carrying value of the convertible notes payable was as follows:

 

     Convertible notes
payable


 

As of October 31, 2004


   (In thousands)  

Face value of convertible notes payable

   $ 10,450  

Unamortized discount resulting from warrants issued to noteholders

     (773 )

Unamortized discount resulting from beneficial conversion feature

     (2,376 )
    


Carrying value of convertible notes payable as of October 31, 2004

   $ 7,301  
    


 

  Interest expense and other for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 includes coupon interest expense of $549,000; amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the warrants issued on convertible notes payable of $318,000; and amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the beneficial conversion feature of $978,000. Interest expense and other for the nine months ended October 31, 2003 included coupon interest expense of $549,000; amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the warrants issued on convertible notes payable of $290,000; and amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the beneficial conversion feature of $1.0 million.

 

  Interest expense and other-related parties for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 was zero. Interest expense and other-related parties for the nine months ended October 31, 2003 included 7% coupon interest of $525,000; amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the warrants issued on convertible notes payable-related parties of $277,000; and amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the beneficial conversion feature of $979,000.

 

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  On August 15, 2004, the Company paid $365,750 of coupon interest to holders of its convertible notes payable. Assuming there are no conversions, 7 % coupon interest for the outstanding convertible notes payable is paid semi-annually with the next payment of $365,750 scheduled to be paid on February 15, 2005.

 

  On November 26, 2004, the Company notified by mail the registered holders of its convertible notes payable that it has elected to exercise its option to redeem all remaining outstanding notes. As of that date, the aggregate principal amount of the remaining outstanding notes was $10,450,000. Pursuant to the Company’s notice and the terms of the Indenture, all outstanding and unconverted notes will be redeemed by the Company on January 25, 2005 at a redemption price equal to the outstanding principal amount of the notes plus accrued, but unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. See Note 9. Subsequent Events.

 

7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Legal Matters

 

In September 1999, TiVo received letters from Time Warner, Inc. and Fox Television stating that TiVo’s personal television service exploits these companies’ copyrights without the necessary licenses. The Company believes that the TiVo service does not infringe on these copyrights and believes that there will not be an adverse impact as a result of these letters.

 

On June 12, 2001, a securities class action lawsuit in which the Company and certain of its officers and directors are named as defendants was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. This action, which is captioned Wercberger v. TiVo et al., also names several of the underwriters involved in the Company’s initial public offering as defendants. This class action was brought on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of the Company’s common stock from September 30, 1999, the time of its initial public offering, through December 6, 2000. The central allegation in this action is that the underwriters in the initial public offering solicited and received undisclosed commissions from, and entered into undisclosed arrangements with, certain investors who purchased TiVo common stock in the initial public offering and the after-market. The complaint also alleges that the TiVo defendants violated the federal securities laws by failing to disclose in the initial public offering prospectus that the underwriters had engaged in these allegedly undisclosed arrangements. More than 150 issuers have been named in similar lawsuits. In July 2002, an omnibus motion to dismiss all complaints against issuers and individual defendants affiliated with issuers (including the TiVo defendants) was filed by the entire group of issuer defendants in these similar actions. On October 8, 2002, TiVo’s officers were dismissed as defendants in the lawsuit. On February 19, 2003, the court in this action issued its decision on defendants’ omnibus motion to dismiss. This decision dismissed the Section 10(b) claim as to TiVo but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim as to TiVo and virtually all of the other issuer-defendants.

 

On June 26, 2003, the plaintiffs announced a proposed settlement with the Company and the other issuer defendants. The proposed settlement provides that the plaintiffs will be guaranteed $1.0 billion dollars in recoveries by the insurers of the Company and other issuer defendants. Accordingly, any direct financial impact of the proposed settlement is expected to be borne by the Company’s insurers in accordance with the proposed settlement. In addition, the Company and the other settling issuer defendants will assign to the plaintiffs certain claims that they may have against the underwriters. If recoveries in excess of $1.0 billion dollars are obtained by the plaintiffs from the underwriters, the Company’s and the other issuer defendants’ monetary obligations to the class plaintiffs will be satisfied. Furthermore, the settlement is subject to a hearing on fairness and approval by the Federal District Court overseeing the IPO Litigation. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation and assignment of claims against the underwriters, and because the settlement has not yet been approved by the Federal District Court, the ultimate outcome of the matter cannot be predicted. In accordance with the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies”, the Company believes any contingent liability related to this claim is not probable or estimable and therefore no amounts have been accrued in regards to this matter as of October 31, 2004.

 

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On September 25, 2001, Pause Technology LLC filed a complaint against TiVo in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Reissue Patent No. 36,801, entitled “Time Delayed Digital Video System Using Concurrent Recording and Playback.” Pause Technology alleges that it is the owner of this patent, and further alleges that TiVo has willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell, and using within the United States the TiVo digital video recorder. Pause Technology seeks unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against TiVo’s operations. It also seeks attorneys’ fees and costs. On February 6, 2004, TiVo obtained a favorable summary judgment ruling in the case in the District Court. The court ruled that the Company’s software versions 2.0 and above do not infringe Pause’s patent, and accordingly has ordered that judgment be entered in the Company’s favor. On June 16, 2004, Pause Technology filed an appeal to the United States Court of Appeal for the Federal Circuit appealing the February 6, 2004 summary judgment ruling in favor of TiVo. The Company is incurring expenses in connection with this litigation that may become material, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, its business could be harmed.

 

On February 5, 2002, Sony Corporation notified TiVo that Command Audio Corporation had filed a complaint against Sony Electronics, Inc. on February 2, 2002 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint alleges that, in connection with its sale of digital video recorders and other products, Sony infringes upon two patents owned by Command Audio, (U.S. Patent Nos. 5,590,195 (“Information Dissemination Using Various Transmission Modes”) and 6,330,334 (“Method and System for Information Dissemination Using Television Signals”). The complaint seeks injunctive relief, compensatory and treble damages and Command Audio’s costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees. On June 15, 2004, the court denied Sony’s motion for summary judgment of invalidity and granted in part and denied in part Command Audio’s motion for summary judgment of infringement. The court found that certain Sony products literally infringed certain claims of the ‘334 patent but did not rule on the validity or enforceability of the patents. A trial limited to certain of Sony’s allegations that the patents-in-suit are unenforceable was conducted in October 2004. The Court has not yet issued a ruling upon the issues presented at that trial. Under the terms of the Company’s agreement with Sony governing the distribution of certain digital video recorders that enable the TiVo service, TiVo is required to indemnify Sony against any and all claims, damages, liabilities, costs and expenses relating to claims that its technology infringes upon intellectual property rights owned by third parties. The Company believes Sony has meritorious defenses against this lawsuit; however, due to its indemnification obligations, the Company is incurring expenses in connection with this litigation. Since February 2002, the Company has incurred $5.2 million in legal expenses. The outcome of this matter or range of potential losses is currently not determinable. If Sony were to lose this lawsuit, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

On January 5, 2004, TiVo filed a complaint against EchoStar Communications Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389, entitled “Multimedia Time Warping System.” On January 15, 2004, the Company amended its complaint to add EchoStar DBS Corporation, EchoStar Technologies Corporation, and Echosphere Limited Liability Corporation as additional defendants. The Company alleges that it is the owner of this patent, and further alleges that the defendants have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell and/or selling digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software, and/or personal television services in the United States. On March 2, 2004, EchoStar filed its answer to the Company’s complaint, moved to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction, and moved to transfer the case from the Eastern District of Texas to the Northern District of California. The Company has opposed both of Echostar’s motions. On December 8, 2004, the Court held a hearing on EchoStar’s motions to transfer and to dismiss, but no ruling has been made on either motion. The Company seeks unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against the defendants’ further infringement of the patent. The Company could incur material expenses in this litigation.

 

On August 5, 2004, Compression Labs, Inc. filed a complaint against TiVo Inc., Acer American Corporation, AudioVox Corporation, BancTec, Inc., BenQ America Corporation, Color Dreams, Inc. (d/b/a StarDot Technologies), Google Inc., ScanSoft, Inc., Sun Microsystems Inc., Veo Inc., and Yahoo! Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging infringement, inducement of others to infringe, and contributory infringement of U.S. Patent No. 4,698,672, entitled “Coding System For Reducing Redundancy.” The complaint alleges that Compression Labs, Inc. is the owner of this patent and has the exclusive rights to sue and recover for infringement thereof. The complaint further alleges

 

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that the defendants have infringed, induced infringement, and contributorily infringed this patent by selling devices and/or systems in the United States, at least portions of which are designed to be at least partly compliant with the JPEG standard. The Company intends to defend this action vigorously; however, it could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

In August and September 2004, Phillip Igbinadolor, on behalf of himself, filed complaints against TiVo, Sony Corporation, Sony Electronics, Inc., Sony Corporation of America, JVC, Clarrion Corporation of America, and Philips Consumer Electronics Company in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 395,884 and 6,779,196 and U.S. Trademark No. 2,260,689, each relating to an “integrated car dubbing system.” The complaints were consolidated into one action captioned Igbinadolor v. Sony Corporation et al. The complaints allege that Mr. Igbinadolor is the owner of the patents and trademark allegedly infringed. The Company intends to defend this action vigorously; however, it could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

The Company is involved in numerous lawsuits in the ordinary course of its business. The Company assesses potential liabilities in connection with these lawsuits under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies.” The Company accrues an estimated loss for these loss contingencies if both of the following conditions are met: information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. As of October 31, 2004, the Company had not accrued a liability for any of the lawsuits filed against it as the conditions for accrual have not been met.

 

Facilities Leases

 

In October 1999, the Company entered into an office lease with WIX/NSJ Real Estate Limited Partnership for its headquarters. The lease began on March 10, 2000 and has a seven-year term. Monthly rent is approximately $258,000 with built-in base rent escalations periodically throughout the lease term. The lease is classified as an operating lease. Rent expense is recognized using the straight-line method over the lease term and for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 was $2.2 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Additionally, the Company delivered a letter of credit totaling $476,683, to WIX/NSJ Real Estate Limited Partnership as collateral for performance by the Company of all of its obligations under the lease. The letter of credit is to remain in effect the entire term of the lease.

 

The Company’s corporate headquarters consists of two buildings located in Alviso, California, which are used for administrative, sales and marketing, customer service, and product research and development activities. Operating lease cash payments for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 were $2.3 million and $2.2 million, respectively.

 

Additionally, the Company leases office space in Berkshire, United Kingdom under an operating lease that expires in March 2006. The Company abandoned this facility in May 2002 and recorded a restructuring accrual of $367,000.

 

The following table summarizes the activity in the accrued facilities liability recorded as a result of the Company’s unoccupied facility as of October 31, 2004:

 

    

Accrual balance
as of

January 31, 2004


   Total cash
payments
October 31, 2004


   

Accrual balance
as of

October 31, 2004


     (In thousands)

Berkshire, United Kingdom facility lease expenses

   $ 254    $ (84 )   $ 170
    

  


 

Total

   $ 254    $ (84 )   $ 170
    

  


 

 

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Of the total accrued facilities liability recorded as a result of the Company’s unoccupied facility $57,000 is included in deferred rent and other long-term liabilities and $113,000 is included in accrued liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at October 31, 2004.

 

Future minimum operating lease payments as of October 31, 2004, were as follows:

 

Fiscal Year Ending


   Lease Payments

     (In thousands)

January 31, 2005 (3 months)

   $ 811

January 31, 2006

     3,278

January 31, 2007

     3,285

January 31, 2008

     273
    

Total

   $ 7,647
    

 

8. MINORITY INTEREST IN TGC, INC.

 

On August 9, 2004, the Company acquired a minority interest in TGC, Inc. (“TGC”), a newly formed independent entity. In exchange for the Company’s interest in TGC, it granted TGC a license to certain aspects of its technology for use in The People’s Republic of China, Singapore, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. The Company accounts for its investment in TGC under the equity method of accounting as it owns less than 50% of TGC’s equity. No gain was recognized by the Company for its interest in TGC as the intellectual property it licensed had no carrying value on the Company’s financial statements. There is significant uncertainty as to the realization of a gain due to the start-up nature of TGC. The Company does not believe this transaction will have a material effect on its results of operations in fiscal year 2005.

 

Through TGC, the Company’s management expects to gain access to high quality, low-cost engineering resources for the design and development of reduced-cost digital video recorder platforms. Management believes that this investment will enable the Company’s internal research and development team to focus on future service-related enhancements and initiatives. Management expects TGC to engage in design, development, and licensing activities related to reduced-cost digital video recorder platforms and technology. The Company and TGC have agreed to share certain costs and expenses relating to research and development. Management also expects TGC will pursue opportunities to market TiVo technology in The People’s Republic of China, Singapore, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. TGC’s technology license from TiVo is exclusive for the first five years and non-exclusive to TGC for a perpetual period afterwards. Subject to certain terms and conditions, this license grants TGC limited access to portions of TiVo’s source code and provides for both parties to exchange improvements to that code during the first five years. The Company will be entitled to royalty payments from TGC in limited circumstances. In addition, TGC has agreed not to market, without the prior consent of TiVo, any DVR products or DVR services that do not support the TiVo service outside of the People’s Republic of China, Singapore, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. In the United States, TGC may offer DVR products that support the TiVo service only to TiVo, authorized TiVo licensees or TiVo approved retail distributors.

 

At closing, TiVo’s preferred share investment accounted for approximately 49.4% of TGC’s equity (approximately 44.3% on a fully-diluted basis assuming the issuance of options to executives of TGC). The remainder of TGC’s shareholders include financial investors (including New Enterprise Associates, a stockholder of TiVo Inc. that has a representative on TiVo’s board of directors and holds less then 10% of TGC’s equity) and certain members of TGC’s management team who have contributed cash or services in exchange for equity. Initially, the Company will have two seats on TGC’s five-member board of directors. Subject to restrictions and under specific circumstances, the Company also has a limited call right to acquire all of TGC after five years or upon a change of control of TiVo at a premium to TGC’s fair market value. The Company also has the right to acquire at least a majority of TGC in the event of a TGC initial public offering at the net initial public offering price. TGC is incorporated in the Cayman Islands.

 

With the approval of the Company’s board of directors, Ta-Wei Chien, TiVo’s former Senior Vice President, General Manager of TiVo Technologies, serves as TGC’s Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of TGC’s board of directors. Mr. Chien resigned from his position at TiVo on August 3, 2004.

 

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9. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

Convertible Notes Payable Redemption

 

On November 26, 2004, the Company notified by mail the registered holders of the Company’s 7% Convertible Senior Notes due 2006 that it has elected to exercise its option to redeem all remaining outstanding notes. As of that date, the aggregate principal amount of the remaining outstanding notes was $10,450,000. The notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture, dated as of August 28, 2001, between the Company and The Bank of New York, as trustee. Pursuant to the Company’s notice and the terms of the Indenture, the notes will redeemed by the Company on January 25, 2005 at a redemption price equal to the outstanding principal amount of the notes plus accrued, but unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. The notes are convertible at the election of the note holders at any time prior to January 25, 2005 at a conversion price of $3.99 per share of the Company’s common stock. As of December 10, 2004, the outstanding notes were convertible (using the conversion price then in effect of $3.99) into approximately 2,619,045 shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company will not be obligated to pay the redemption price with respect to any notes that are converted into shares of its common stock prior to the redemption date.

 

Amendment to the Company’s Amended & Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan, Amended & Restated 1999 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan, and Amended & Restated 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

 

On December 8, 2004, the Company’s board of directors amended the Company’s Amended & Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan, Amended & Restated 1999 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan, and Amended & Restated 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. For purposes of plan administration and compliance, these amendments include the removal of pre-initial public offering provisions which no longer apply to TiVo as a public company, updates to provisions relating to recent changes in the law including the removal of certain deferred compensation payment provisions, and amendments clarifying each plan’s definition of fair market value.

 

The foregoing description is qualified in its entirety by the provisions of the Company’s Amended & Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan attached as Exhibit 10.2 hereto, its Amended & Restated 1999 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan attached as Exhibit 10.3 hereto, and its Amended & Restated 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan attached as Exhibit 10.4 hereto.

 

Digital Development Corporation Complaint

 

On November 23, 2004, Digital Development Corporation filed a complaint against TiVo in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging infringement, inducement of others to infringe, and contributory infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 4,975,950 and 5,121,345, each entitled “System and Method of Protecting Integrity of Computer Data and Software.” The complaint alleges that Digital Development Corporation is the owner of these patents. The complaint further alleges that the Company has infringed, induced infringement, and contributorily infringed these patents by importing, making, using, offering for sale, and/or selling computer hardware, software and systems as defined by the claims of each patent without permission of the owners of the patents. The Company intends to defend this action vigorously; however, it could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Business Overview

 

We are a leading provider of technology and services for digital video recorders, or DVRs, a rapidly growing consumer electronics category. Our subscription-based TiVo service improves home entertainment by providing consumers with an easy way to record, watch, and control television. The TiVo service also offers the television industry a platform for advertisers, content delivery, and audience research. Key elements of our strategy revolve around continued investment in technology, research and development, and innovation; partnering with service providers; extending and protecting our intellectual property and continuing to promote and leverage the TiVo brand; as well as working to improve profitability, market share, and financial strength. Our financial strength and ability to adapt to the current market and economic conditions are dependent in part on our generation of cash flow, effective management of working capital, funding commitments, and other obligations as well as the growth of our business.

 

Executive Overview and Current Outlook

 

During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004, we continued to show strong growth in our overall subscription base and subscription revenues. During these periods, we experienced increased subscription growth from the retail distribution channel, with the mix of our net new TiVo service subscriptions shifting towards DIRECTV with TiVo subscriptions. Additionally, we have continued our planned increase in investments in subscription acquisition activities with a focus on growing TiVo-Owned subscriptions. For example, in August 2004, we began an increased rebate offer of $100 for TiVo Series2. We anticipate that the majority of this investment during the fiscal year 2005 will be in connection with the 2004 holiday shopping season. We believe this investment can create incremental revenue, profits, cash flows, and put us on a long-term growth trajectory towards creating sustainable profitability.

 

The following table sets forth selected financial information for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003:

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,


    Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands)  

Net revenues

   $ 38,327     $ 43,256     $ 112,626     $ 98,448  

Cost of revenues

     (36,456 )     (34,247 )     (93,125 )     (71,715 )

Operating expenses

     (27,869 )     (15,085 )     (64,665 )     (42,686 )
    


 


 


 


Loss from operations

   $ (25,998 )   $ (6,076 )   $ (45,164 )   $ (15,953 )
    


 


 


 


Cash flows from operating activities

                   $ (55,376 )   $ (20,798 )
                    


 


 

Net Revenues. Our net revenues increased $14.2 million, or 14%, during the nine months ended October 31, 2004, compared to the same prior-year period, but decreased $4.9 million, or 11%, during the three months ended October 31, 2004, compared to the same prior-year period. We have added approximately 419,000 net new TiVo-Owned and DIRECTV with TiVo subscriptions in the last three months.

 

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Cost of Revenues. Our total costs of revenues increased by approximately 30% during the nine months ended October 31, 2004. The cost of hardware revenues for the nine months ended October 31, 2004, increased approximately $19.9 million, or approximately 41%, compared to the same prior-year period.

 

Operating Expenses. Our operating expenses increased 51% or $22.0 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2004, compared to the same prior-year period.

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities. Our cash flows from operating activities for nine months ended October 31, 2004, decreased by approximately $34.6 million or by 166% as compared to the same prior-year period.

 

We continue to be subject to a number of risks, including delays in product and service developments; competitive service offerings; lack of market acceptance and uncertainty of future profitability; the dependence on third parties for manufacturing, marketing, and sales support; the intellectual property claims against us; and our highly dependent relationship with DIRECTV. We conduct our operations through one reportable segment. We anticipate that our business will continue to be seasonal and we expect to generate a significant number of our annual new subscriptions during and immediately after the holiday shopping season. To date we have had substantial negative cash flow. During the nine months ended October 31, 2004, we had net losses of $(46.2) million. As of October 31, 2004, we had an accumulated deficit of $(623.4) million.

 

Key Business Metrics

 

Management periodically reviews certain metrics in order to evaluate our operational strategies, allocate resources, and maximize the financial performance of our business. These key business metrics include subscription growth and cash flows from operating activities.

 

Subscription Growth. Management believes subscription growth is a leading indicator of revenue generation in future years. Management uses this information to help evaluate the effectiveness of marketing programs in acquiring new subscriptions and retaining existing subscriptions.

 

Below is a table that details the growth in our subscription base during the past eight quarters. The TiVo-Owned lines refer to subscriptions sold directly by TiVo to customers who have TiVo-enabled DVRs and products, including those manufactured by TiVo, Sony, Pioneer, Toshiba, Philips, Humax, and others. The DIRECTV lines refer to subscriptions sold by DIRECTV to customers who have integrated DIRECTV satellite receivers with TiVo service. Additionally, we provide a breakdown of the percent of TiVo-Owned subscriptions for which consumers pay a recurring fee, as opposed to a one-time product lifetime fee.

 

     Three Months Ended

 

(Subscriptions in thousands)


   Oct 31,
2004


    Jul 31,
2004


    Apr 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


    Jul 31,
2003


    Apr 30,
2003


    Jan 31,
2003


 

Subscription Net Additions:

                                                

TiVo-Owned

   103     63     68     130     59     34     37     75  

DIRECTV

   316     225     196     200     150     56     42     39  
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Subscription Net Additions

   419     288     264     330     209     90     79     114  

Cumulative Subscriptions:

                                                

TiVo-Owned

   890     787     724     656     526     467     433     396  

DIRECTV

   1,413     1,097     872     676     476     326     270     228  
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Cumulative Subscriptions

   2,303     1,884     1,596     1,332     1,002     793     703     624  

% of TiVo-Owned Cumulative Subscriptions paying recurring fees

   46 %   43 %   42 %   40 %   36 %   34 %   34 %   34 %

 

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We define a “subscription” as a contract referencing a TiVo-enabled DVR for which (i) a customer has paid for the TiVo service and (ii) service is not canceled. We offer a product lifetime subscription, under which consumers can purchase a subscription which is valid for the lifetime of a particular DVR. We count these as subscriptions until both of the following conditions are met: (i) we reach the end of the four-year period we use to recognize lifetime subscription revenues, and (ii) the related DVR has not made contact to the TiVo service within the prior six-month period. As of October 31, 2004, we had approximately 40,000 product lifetime subscriptions, or approximately 1.7% of our total installed subscription base, that had exceeded the four-year period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues. This represents an increase of approximately 0.4% from the prior quarter. We continued to incur costs of services for these subscriptions without corresponding revenue.

 

We have also offered to some of our consumer electronics partners, on a limited basis, a reduced functionality version of the TiVo service called TiVo Basic that does not involve a fee to consumers. DVRs with the TiVo Basic service that have not upgraded to the TiVo service are not included in our subscription totals.

 

DIRECTV reports and pays us monthly fees on a per-household basis. For households with multiple DIRECTV DVRs with TiVo, we count each unique DVR as a subscription. For the month of October 2004, DIRECTV paid us for approximately 1,210,000 households, which represented approximately 1,413,000 subscriptions. As a result, there were approximately 203,000 DIRECTV DVRs with TiVo service for which we receive no additional payment from DIRECTV.

 

In October 2004, we recognized approximately $1.25 in average monthly subscription revenue per DIRECTV subscription, excluding advertising and audience research revenues, compared to approximately $2.03 in October 2003. We calculate average monthly subscription revenue per DIRECTV subscription by dividing average monthly revenues from DIRECTV for the period (DIRECTV subscription revenues during the period divided by the number of months in the period) by average DIRECTV subscriptions for the period. Our average DIRECTV subscriptions were approximately 1,346,000 and 441,000 for the months of October 2004 and 2003, respectively. We expect the average monthly subscription revenue per DIRECTV subscription to continue to decline as the mix of DIRECTV subscriptions shifts to the growing number of additions of new DIRECTV subscriptions, which involve no acquisition costs, lower recurring expenses, and lower subscription revenue.

 

Cash Flows From Operating Activities. Management reviews this metric to aid it in evaluating our operating results. We believe this metric is useful to investors primarily as a tool to track changes in our cash flows used in operations and to compare our results to those of other companies. Net cash used in operating activities for the first nine months of the fiscal year 2005 has increased as compared to the fiscal year 2004 due to increased spending attributable to our increased investment in subscription acquisition activities during the current fiscal year in an effort to obtain future subscription revenues.

 

    

Nine Months Ended

October 3l,


 
     2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands)  

Net loss

   $ (46,177 )   $ (19,657 )

Net cash used in operating activities

     (55,376 )     (20,798 )

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

Critical accounting estimates are those that reflect significant judgments and uncertainties, and may potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We base our discussion and analysis on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles as described in Item 1. Note 1. “ Nature of Operations” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported amounts of

 

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assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates. We base our estimates on historical experience and on other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of this analysis form the basis for our judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may materially differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. For a detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting estimates, see Item 1. Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements.

 

Recognition Period for Product Lifetime Subscription Revenues. TiVo offers a product lifetime subscription option for the life of the DVR for a one-time, upfront payment. We recognize subscription revenues from lifetime subscriptions ratably over a four-year period, based on our estimate of the useful life of these DVRs. As of October 31, 2004, we had approximately 40,000 product lifetime subscriptions, or approximately 1.7% of our total installed subscription base, that had exceeded the four-year period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues. If the useful life of the recorder were shorter or longer than four-years, we would recognize revenues earlier or later. Our product is still relatively new, and as we gather more user information, we might revise this estimated life.

 

Engineering Professional Services Project Cost Estimates. For engineering professional services that are essential to the functionality of the software or involve significant customization or modification, we recognize revenues using the percentage-of-completion method, as described in SOP 81-1 “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts.” We recognize revenue by measuring progress toward completion based on the ratio of costs incurred to total estimated costs of the project, an input method. In general, these contracts are long-term and complex. We believe we are able to make reasonably dependable estimates based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates include forecasting of costs and schedules, estimating contract revenue related to contract performance, projecting cost to complete, tracking progress of costs incurred to date, and projecting the remaining effort to complete the project. Costs included in engineering professional services are labor, materials, and overhead related to the specific activities that are required for the project. Costs related to general infrastructure or platform development are not included in the engineering professional services project cost estimates. These estimates are assessed continually during the term of the contract and revisions are reflected when the conditions become known. In some cases, we have accepted engineering professional services contracts that were expected to be losses at the time of acceptance in order to gain experience in developing a new technology that could be used in future products and services. Provisions for all losses on contracts are recorded when estimates determine that a loss will be incurred on a contract. Using different cost estimates, or different methods of measuring progress to completion, engineering professional services revenues and expenses may produce materially different results. A favorable change in estimates in a period could result in additional revenue and profit, and an unfavorable change in estimates could result in a reduction of revenue and profit or the recording of a loss that would be borne solely by TiVo.

 

Consumer Rebate Redemption Rates. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 01-09, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendors Products),” we record an estimated potential liability for our consumer rebate program that is based on the percentage of customers that were reimbursed for the rebate for similar past programs and adjust estimates to consider actual redemptions. Using different liability estimates may produce materially different results. A favorable change in liability estimates in a period could result in additional profit, and an unfavorable change in liability estimates could result in a reduction of profit. The consumer rebates are recognized as “rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel” in our consolidated financial statements.

 

Valuation of Inventory. We maintain a finished goods inventory of TiVo-enabled DVRs throughout the year. We value inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost determined on the first-in, first-out method. We base write-downs to inventories on changes in selling price of a completed unit. Estimates are based upon current facts and circumstances and are determined in aggregate and evaluated on total pool basis. We continually monitor inventory valuation and purchase commitments for potential losses in net realizable value.

 

Estimates Used in Complex Agreements. We have a number of complex transactions and commitments. Many of these transactions involve multiple elements and types of consideration, including cash, debt, equity, and services. For

 

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example, our relationship with DIRECTV has historically included subscription revenue share expense, engineering professional services revenue, common stock and warrants issued for services, and various platform subsidies. Many of our arrangements require us to make estimations for the valuation of non-cash expenses, such as warrants issued for services, which must be assigned a value using financial models that require us to estimate certain parameters. We have utilized our best estimate of the value of the various elements in accounting for these transactions. Had alternative assumptions been used, the values obtained may have been materially different.

 

Results of Operations

 

Net revenues. Net revenues for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 as a percentage of total net revenues were as follows:

 

    

Three Months Ended

October 31,


   

Nine Months Ended

October 31,


 

Net revenues


   2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Service revenues

   $ 27,678     72 %   $ 16,018     37 %   $ 74,170     66 %   $ 42,477     43 %

Technology revenues

     699     2 %     6,656     15 %     7,141     6 %     13,671     14 %

Hardware revenues

     27,894     73 %     24,479     57 %     60,823     54 %     47,345     48 %

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel

     (17,944 )   (47 )%     (3,897 )   (9 )%     (29,508 )   (26 )%     (5,045 )   (5 )%
    


       


       


       


     

Net revenues

   $ 38,327           $ 43,256           $ 112,626           $ 98,448        
    


       


       


       


     

Change from same prior-year period

     (11 )%           73 %           14 %           35 %      

 

Of the total service revenues and technology revenues for the three months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, zero and $7.3 million, respectively, were generated from related parties. For the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, $6.8 million and $15.7 million, respectively, of total service revenues and technology revenues were generated from related parties.

 

Service Revenues. Service revenues for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 increased 73% and 75%, or $11.7 million and $31.7 million, respectively, over the service revenues for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2003. These increases were primarily due to the growth in our subscription base. During the three months ended October 31, 2004, we activated approximately 419,000 new subscriptions to the TiVo service. These subscriptions brought the total installed subscription base to approximately 2.3 million as of October 31, 2004, more than double the installed base as of October 31, 2003. Of the 103,000 net new TiVo-Owned subscriptions activated during the three months ended October 31, 2004, approximately 67% elected the monthly recurring payment option. Consumer demand for TiVo-enabled DVR and DVD products was driven by broad availability and strong support in the retail channel, a $100 rebate program that began in August 2004, and increased consumer awareness of TiVo. We intend to generate continued TiVo-Owned subscription growth through managing our relationships with leading retailers like Best Buy, Circuit City, Target, and others. Revenues from advertising and research services included in service revenues, while not material during these periods, have increased.

 

Technology Revenues. In the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004, we derived 2% and 6% of our net revenues, or $699,000 and $7.1 million, respectively, from licensing and engineering professional services. Technology revenues for the three months ended October 31, 2004 were approximately 89% lower than the same period last year due to our decision to pursue fewer licensing agreements in the fiscal year 2005. Going forward, in our relationships with manufacturers and distributors, we are shifting our focus from upfront licensing and engineering professional services payments to recurring royalty and service payments. We expect future technology revenues to decline from the fiscal year 2004 levels as we complete existing contracts.

 

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Hardware Revenues. Hardware revenues, net of allowance for sales returns, for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004, were 73% and 54% of our net revenues, respectively. For the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, one retail customer generated $25.8 million and $18.4 million of hardware revenues, or approximately 23% and 19% of net revenues, respectively. The same retail customer generated $8.7 million and $11.2 million of hardware revenues, or approximately 23% and 26% of net revenues, respectively, for the three months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003. Although volume of units sold increased for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 by approximately 67% from the year ago period, we decreased our sales price per unit by nearly 30% to both our retail customers and consumers.

 

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel. We recognize certain marketing-related payments as a reduction of revenues on our statements of operations. Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel increased for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 as compared to the respective prior-year quarter due to higher rebates, revenue share and market development funds paid to retailers. The primary contributor to the increase in rebates, revenue share, and other payments to the channel was consumer rebate expenses. For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 consumer rebates increased by $10.8 million and by $16.5 million, respectively, as compared to the same prior-year periods. Fiscal year 2004 expenses reflected the reversal of the rebate accrual for rebate programs that ended on April 30, 2003. Other significant contributors to the increase were revenue share and market development funds paid to retailers. These marketing-related payments increased by $3.0 million and $7.8 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004, respectively, as compared to the same prior-year periods. Our fiscal year 2005 rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel are higher due to our increased investment in subscription acquisition activities.

 

Cost of service and technology revenues.

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,


    Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Cost of service revenues

   $ 6,505     $ 4,370     $ 18,934     $ 12,453  

Cost of technology revenues

     1,465       4,464       6,135       11,113  
    


 


 


 


Cost of service and technology revenues

   $ 7,970     $ 8,834     $ 25,069     $ 23,566  
    


 


 


 


Change from same prior-year period

     (10 )%     67 %     6 %     29 %

Percentage of service and technology revenues

     28 %     39 %     31 %     42 %

 

Costs of service and technology revenues consist primarily of telecommunication and network expenses, employee salaries, call center, and other expenses related to providing the TiVo service. Additional expenses included are expenses related to providing engineering professional services to our customers, including employee salaries and related costs, as well as prototyping and other material costs. Cost of service revenues for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 increased 49% and 52%, or $2.1 million and $6.5 million, respectively, compared to the same prior-year periods. Total customer care center expenses for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 increased by approximately 133% and 106%, or $1.5 million and $3.0 million, respectively, compared to the same prior-year periods due to an increased level of staffing as a result of TiVo’s increased focus on issues of customer care and retention. Additionally, expenses related to the online customer support website which we maintain to provide additional support to TiVo end users increased by approximately $131,000 and $636,000 for the three and nine month periods ended October 31, 2004 as compared to the same prior-year periods. Also, technology license fees increased by approximately $186,000 and $1.0 million for the three and nine

 

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months ended October 31, 2004. Cost of technology revenues decreased by approximately 67% and 45%, or $3.0 million and $5.0 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004, as compared to the same prior-year periods. This decrease was largely due to fewer contracts requiring deployment of engineers from research and development activities. Additionally contributing to the decrease were lower provisions for losses on contracts related to providing engineering professional services to customers under agreements for which expenses exceeded the budgeted revenues. We reduced by approximately $766,000 our technology revenues for the three months ended October 31, 2004, after we determined it was unlikely we would receive estimated revenues from one customer. As a result of the decline in technology revenues and an adjustment to one contract’s cost estimate, technology revenues gross margin was $(766,000) and $1.0 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004, respectively.

 

Cost of hardware revenues.

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,


    Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Cost of hardware revenues

   $ 28,486     $ 25,413     $ 68,056     $ 48,149  

Change from same prior-year period

     12 %     63 %     41 %     57 %

Percentage of hardware revenues

     102 %     104 %     112 %     102 %

Hardware Gross Margin

   $ (592 )   $ (934 )   $ (7,233 )   $ (804 )

Hardware gross margin as a percentage of hardware revenues

     (2 )%     (4 )%     (11 )%     (2 )%

 

Costs of hardware revenues include all product costs associated with the TiVo-enabled DVRs we distribute and sell, including manufacturing-related overhead and personnel, warranty, certain licensing, order fulfillment, and freight costs. We engage a contract manufacturer to build TiVo-enabled DVRs. We have engaged in the manufacturing and the sale of hardware as a means to grow our service revenues and, as a result, do not intend to generate significant gross margins from these hardware sales. The increase in the sales volume was the primary reason for the increase in the cost of hardware revenues. Cost of hardware revenues for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 increased 12% and 41%, respectively, as compared to the same prior-year periods primarily as a result of the increased overall sales volume of DVRs sold to retailers during these periods as compared to prior-year periods. We believe the volume has increased because of our significant investment during this fiscal year in our subscription acquisition activities. We expect that the cost of hardware revenues will change as sales volumes change. For year over year comparable periods we expect hardware revenues and the related cost of those hardware revenues to increase because of the increase in subscriptions.

 

Research and development expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,


    Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Research and development expenses

   $ 9,291     $ 5,432     $ 26,428     $ 16,693  

Change from same prior-year period

     71 %     11 %     58 %     16 %

Percentage of net revenues

     24 %     13 %     23 %     17 %

 

Our research and development expenses consist primarily of employee salaries, related expenses, and consulting fees. Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 increased 71% and 58%, respectively, over the same prior-year periods primarily due to increased salary expenses of $1.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The increase is related to an increase in engineering headcount by 38 employees from the nine months ended October 31, 2003. Additionally, fewer engineers were redeployed from research and development activities to engineering professional services activities which further contributed to this increase.

 

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Sales and marketing expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,


    Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Sales and marketing expenses

   $ 14,212     $ 5,704     $ 25,838     $ 14,205  

Change from same prior-year period

     149 %     32 %     82 %     (68 )%

Percentage of net revenues

     37 %     13 %     23 %     14 %

 

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses, media advertising, public relations activities, special promotions, trade shows, and the production of product related items, including collateral and videos. Sales and marketing expenses also include expenses that consist of cash and non-cash charges related primarily to agreements with related parties.

 

The largest contributor in the increase of sales and marketing expenses for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004, in terms of absolute dollars, was advertising expense which increased by $8.8 million and $10.3 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2003 total advertising expense was $225,000 and $424,000, respectively. Another contributor to the three and nine month increase was direct marketing expense which increased by $470,000 and $414,000, respectively. Our sales and marketing expenses for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2005 are expected to be higher than for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2004 due to our increased investment in subscription acquisition activities.

 

General and administrative expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,


   

Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

General and administrative expenses

   $ 4,366     $ 3,949     $ 12,399     $ 11,788  

Change from same prior-year period

     11 %     5 %     5 %     6 %

Percentage of net revenues

     11 %     9 %     11 %     12 %

 

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses for executive, administrative, accounting, information systems, customer operations personnel, facility costs, and professional fees. General and administrative expenses for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 increased approximately 11% and 5% compared to the same prior-year periods. The increase was primarily due to salaries and wages that increased approximately 6% and 12%, or $109,000 and $615,000 compared to the same prior-year periods primarily due to an increase in accounting and information system headcount of 10 employees. In connection with our ongoing lawsuits, we have expensed approximately $1.0 million and $1.9 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, for legal expenses in connection with the Sony patent infringement case. We expect to continue to incur legal expenses for all pending lawsuits, including material amounts related to the Sony patent infringement case. We also expect we will begin to incur material expenses for the EchoStar Communications patent infringement case in the future. We expect these increased expenses will likely adversely affect our results of operations, by increasing our operating expenses, adversely impacting our financial position, and diverting additional cash flows to non-revenue generating activities.

 

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Interest income. Interest income resulting from cash and cash equivalents held in interest bearing accounts for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 increased approximately 198% and 200% from the same prior-year periods. The increase was a result of significantly higher levels of cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period, approximately $26.7 million, for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004, as compared to the same prior-year period.

 

Interest expense and other. Interest expense and other consists of cash and non-cash charges related to interest expense paid to related parties and non-related parties. Interest expense and other for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 decreased by 50% and 49%, respectively, from the same prior-year periods primarily due to fewer convertible notes payable that were due interest payments. Non-cash interest expense for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 was $475,000 and $1.4 million, respectively, attributable to the amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the beneficial conversion feature of the convertible notes payable, the amortization of the issuance of warrants to noteholders, and the amortization of debt issuance costs related to the conversion of other convertible notes payable. During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2003, non-cash interest expense was $947,000 and $2.8 million attributable to the amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the beneficial conversion feature of the convertible notes payable, the amortization of the issuance of warrants to noteholders, and the amortization of debt issuance costs for the convertible notes payable.

 

Cash interest expense for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 was primarily comprised of $183,000, $203,000, $549,000, and $575,000, respectively, for coupon interest expense on the convertible notes payable. Cash interest expense – related parties for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2003 consisted of $175,000 and $525,000, respectively, for coupon interest expense on the convertible notes payable. Refer to Note 9.of Notes to Unauditied Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part I, Item 1. for information regarding the Company’s announcement that it plans to redeem the notes on January 25, 2005 at a redemption price equal to the outstanding principal amount of the notes plus accrued, but unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,


    Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Total cash interest expense

   $ 197     $ 378     $ 584     $ 1,100  

Total non-cash interest expense

     475       947       1,415       2,810  
    


 


 


 


Total interest expense

     672       1,325       1,999       3,910  

Total other expenses

     (1 )     5       (4 )     5  
    


 


 


 


Total interest expense and other

   $ 671     $ 1,330     $ 1,995     $ 3,915  
    


 


 


 


Change from same prior-year period

     (50 )%     (49 )%     (49 )%     (40 )%

 

Provision for income taxes. Income tax expense for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 was primarily due to franchise taxes paid to various states and foreign withholding taxes.

 

Quarterly Results of Operations

 

The following table represents certain unaudited statement of operations data for our eight most recent quarters ended October 31, 2004. In management’s opinion, this unaudited information has been prepared on the same basis as the

 

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audited annual financial statements and includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair representation of the unaudited information for the quarters presented. This information should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any future period.

 

     Three Months Ended

 
     Oct 31,
2004


    Jul 31,
2004


    Apr 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


    Jul 31,
2003


    Apr 30,
2003


    Jan 31,
2003


 
     (unaudited, in thousands except per share data)  

Revenues

                                                                

Service revenues

   $ 27,678     $ 24,333     $ 22,159     $ 19,083     $ 16,018     $ 13,757     $ 12,702     $ 11,350  

Technology revenues

     699       3,427       3,015       2,126       6,656       3,649       3,366       2,365  

Hardware revenues

     27,894       18,592       14,337       25,537       24,479       8,057       14,809       14,511  

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel

     (17,944 )     (6,576 )     (4,988 )     (4,114 )     (3,897 )     1,209       (2,357 )     (5,212 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Net revenues

     38,327       39,776       34,523       42,632       43,256       26,672       28,520       23,014  

Costs of Revenues

                                                                

Cost of service revenues

     6,505       6,836       5,593       5,252       4,370       3,909       4,174       4,719  

Cost of technology revenues

     1,465       2,708       1,962       2,496       4,464       3,020       3,629       2,110  

Cost of hardware revenues

     28,486       22,720       16,850       26,687       25,413       8,558       14,178       14,048  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total costs of revenues

     36,456       32,264       24,405       34,435       34,247       15,487       21,981       20,877  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Gross margin

     1,871       7,512       10,118       8,197       9,009       11,185       6,539       2,137  

Operating Expenses

                                                                

Research and development

     9,291       8,138       8,999       5,474       5,432       5,789       5,472       6,319  

Sales and marketing

     14,212       6,026       5,600       4,742       5,704       4,502       3,999       3,965  

General and administrative

     4,366       3,794       4,239       4,508       3,949       4,061       3,778       3,365  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Loss from operations

     (25,998 )     (10,446 )     (8,720 )     (6,527 )     (6,076 )     (3,167 )     (6,710 )     (11,512 )

Interest income

     397       366       327       135       133       116       114       149  

Interest expense and other

     (671 )     (668 )     (656 )     (5,672 )     (1,330 )     (1,311 )     (1,274 )     (21,003 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Loss before income taxes

     (26,272 )     (10,748 )     (9,049 )     (12,064 )     (7,273 )     (4,362 )     (7,870 )     (32,366 )

Provision for income taxes

     (78 )     (12 )     (18 )     (297 )     (115 )     (25 )     (12 )     (164 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Net loss

   $ (26,350 )   $ (10,760 )   $ (9,067 )   $ (12,361 )   $ (7,388 )   $ (4,387 )   $ (7,882 )   $ (32,530 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Net loss per share

                                                                

Basic and diluted

   $ (0.33 )   $ (0.13 )   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.18 )   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.07 )   $ (0.12 )   $ (0.56 )

Weighted average shares used to calculate basic and diluted net loss per share

     80,267       80,197       79,800       69,055       68,226       65,834       64,021       58,496  

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We have financed our operations and met our capital expenditure requirements primarily from the proceeds of the sale of equity and debt securities. Our cash resources are subject, in part, to the amount and timing of cash received from subscriptions, licensing and engineering professional services customers, and hardware customers. At October 31, 2004, we had approximately $88.5 million of cash and cash equivalents. During the current fiscal year, we have significantly increased our investment in subscription acquisition activities primarily through the increased use of rebates and advertising, with a focus on growing TiVo-Owned subscriptions. For example, in August 2004 we began a $100 rebate offer on TiVo Series2 DVRs. We believe our cash and cash equivalents, funds generated from operations, and our revolving line of credit facility with Silicon Valley Bank represent sufficient resources to fund operations, capital expenditures, and working capital needs through the next twelve months.

 

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Statement of Cash Flows Discussion

 

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows provided by operations and by financing activities. Although we currently anticipate these sources of liquidity will be sufficient to meet our cash needs through the next twelve months, we may require or choose to obtain additional financing. Our ability to obtain financing will depend, among other things, on our development efforts, business plans, operating performance, and the condition of the capital markets at the time we seek financing. We cannot assure you that additional financing will be available to us on favorable terms when required, or at all. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, equity-linked or debt securities, those securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to the rights of our common stock, and our stockholders may experience dilution. Please refer to “Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results” below for further discussion.

 

The following table summarizes our cash flow activities:

 

     Nine Months Ended
October 31,


 
     2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands)  

Net cash used in operating activities

   $ (55,376 )   $ (20,798 )

Net cash used in investing activities

     (3,126 )     (1,637 )

Net cash provided by financing activities

     3,799       40,041  

 

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

 

Net cash used in operating activities during the nine months ended October 31, 2004 increased by $34.6 million or more than two times the amount used in the same prior-year period. This increase was primarily attributable to an increase in inventories of approximately $25.2 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2004 as compared to the same prior-year period. Another contributor to the increase in net cash used in operating activities was the increase in net loss of approximately $26.5 million. The primary change in net loss was an increase in sales and marketing expense of $10.3 million related to our planned increase in advertising activities and consumer rebate programs. The increase in net cash used in operations was partially offset by a decrease in payments for accounts payable and accrued liabilities of approximately $16.5 million during the nine months ended July 31, 2004 as compared to the same prior-year period and by an increase in revenues from subscriptions.

 

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

 

The increases in net cash used in investing activities for both the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 were primarily attributable to increased purchases of property and equipment to support our business. During the nine months ended October 31, 2004, we disposed of one asset valued at $191,000.

 

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

 

For the nine months ended October 31, 2004, the principal source of cash generated from financing activities relates to the issuance of common stock through our employee stock purchase plan. These transactions generated $2.4 million and $1.7 million, respectively, for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003. Additionally, $1.4 million and $6.2 million were obtained from the issuance of common stock for stock options exercised and zero and $6.0 million in borrowings under our bank line of credit for the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. During the nine months ended October 31, 2003, we obtained $26.6 million in cash, less cash financing expenses of $500,000, from the issuance of common stock.

 

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Financing Agreements

 

$100 Million Universal Shelf Registration Statement. We have an effective universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-113719) on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under which we may issue up to $100,000,000 of securities, including debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, and warrants. Depending upon market conditions, we may issue securities under these or future registration statements.

 

7% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2006. On August 28, 2001, we closed a private placement of $51.8 million in face value of convertible notes payable and received cash proceeds of approximately $43.7 million from investors. In addition, we received non-cash consideration of $8.1 million in the form of advertising and promotional services from Discovery Communications, Inc. and the National Broadcasting Company, Inc., who were existing stockholders. Debt issuance costs were approximately $3.6 million, resulting in net cash proceeds of approximately $40.1 million. Of the total proceeds of $51.8 million, $8.1 million was recorded as prepaid advertising and promotional services. As part of the transaction, we paid $5.0 million in October 2001 to NBC for advertising that ran during the period that began October 1, 2001 and ended March 31, 2002. The current conversion price of the convertible notes payable is $3.99. On November 26, 2004, we notified by mail the registered holders of our 7% Convertible Senior Notes due 2006 that we have elected to exercise our option to redeem all remaining outstanding notes. As of October 31 and November 26, 2004, the aggregate principal amount of the remaining outstanding notes was approximately $10,450,000. Pursuant to our notice and the terms of the Indenture, the notes will redeemed by us on January 25, 2005 at a redemption price equal to the outstanding principal amount of the notes plus accrued, but unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. The notes are convertible at the election of the note holders at any time prior to January 25, 2005 at a conversion price of $3.99 per share of our common stock. As of December 10, 2004, the outstanding notes were convertible (using the conversion price then in effect of $3.99) into approximately 2,619,045 shares of our common stock. We will not be obligated to pay the redemption price with respect to any notes that are converted into shares of our common stock prior to the redemption date.

 

Revolving Line of Credit Facility with Silicon Valley Bank. On June 29, 2004, we renewed our loan and security agreement with Silicon Valley Bank for an additional two years, whereby Silicon Valley Bank agreed to increase the amount of the revolving line of credit it extends to us from a maximum of $6 million to $15 million. The first amendment to the Silicon Valley Bank loan and security agreement also replaces the borrowing base requirement with a requirement that we maintain a certain pre-determined Tangible Net Worth (as defined in the first amendment). The line of credit remains secured by a first priority security interest on all of our assets except for our intellectual property. The line of credit now bears interest at the greater of prime or 4.00% per annum, but in an event of default that is continuing, the interest rate becomes 3.00% above the rate effective immediately before the event of default. The first amendment also allows us to enter into foreign exchange forward contracts in which we may commit to purchase from or sell to Silicon Valley Bank a set amount of foreign currency. The loan and security agreement includes, among other terms and conditions, limitations on our ability to dispose of our assets; merge or consolidate with or into another person or entity; create, incur, assume or be liable for indebtedness (other than certain types of permitted indebtedness, including existing and subordinated debt and debt to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of business); create, incur or allow any lien on any of our property or assign any right to receive income except for certain permitted liens; make investments; pay dividends; or make distributions; and contains a requirement that we maintain certain financial ratios. At October 31, 2004, we were in compliance with these covenants and had zero amounts outstanding under the line of credit. The line of credit terminates and any and all borrowings are due on June 29, 2006, but may be terminated earlier by us without penalty upon written notice and prompt repayment of all amounts borrowed.

 

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Table of Contents

Contractual Obligations

 

As of October 31, 2004, we had contractual obligations to make the following cash payments:

 

     Payments by Period

Contractual Obligations


   Total

   Less than 1
year


   1-3
years


   3-5 years

   Over 5
years


     (In thousands)

Operating leases

   $ 7,647    $ 3,303    $ 4,344    $ —      $ —  

Purchase obligations

     26,269      26,269      —        —        —  

Long-term debt (a)

     10,450      10,450      —        —        —  

Coupon interest on long-term convertible notes payable

     1,518      732      786      —        —  
    

  

  

  

  

Total contractual cash obligations

   $ 45,884    $ 40,754    $ 5,130    $ —      $ —  
    

  

  

  

  


(a) Included in long-term debt are amounts owed on our convertible notes payable at face value and our revolving line of credit at October 31, 2004. On November 26, 2004, we notified by mail the registered holders of our 7% Convertible Senior Notes due 2006 that we have elected to exercise our option to redeem all remaining outstanding notes by January 25, 2005. There were zero amounts outstanding under the line of credit at October 31, 2004.

 

Other commercial commitments as of October 31, 2004, were as follows:

 

     Total

  

Less than

1 year


   1-3 years

   3-5 years

  

Over 5

years


     (In thousands)

Standby letter of credit

   $ 477    $ —      $ 477    $ —      $ —  
    

  

  

  

  

Total commercial commitments

   $ 477    $ —      $ 477    $ —      $ —  
    

  

  

  

  

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We had no off-balance sheet arrangements at October 31, 2004.

 

Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results

 

The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business.

 

We have incurred significant net losses and may never achieve profitability.

 

We have incurred significant net losses and have had substantial negative cash flows. During the nine months ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, our net loss was $(46.2) million and $(19.7) million, respectively. As of October 31, 2004, we had an accumulated deficit of $(623.4) million. We expect to incur significant operating expenses over the next several years in connection with the continued development and expansion of our business. As a result, we expect to continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future. The size of these net losses depends in part on our subscription revenues and on our expenses. We will need to generate significant additional revenues to achieve profitability. Consequently, we may never achieve profitability, and even if we do, we may not sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future.

 

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Table of Contents

We face intense competition from a number of sources, which may impair our revenues, increase our subscription acquisition cost, and hinder our ability to generate new subscriptions.

 

The DVR market is rapidly evolving and we expect to face significant competition. Moreover, the market for in-home entertainment is intensely competitive and subject to rapid technological change. As a result of this intense competition, we could incur increased subscription acquisition costs that could adversely affect our ability to reach sustained profitability in the future. If new technologies render the DVR market obsolete, we may be unable to generate sufficient revenue to cover our expenses and obligations.

 

We believe that the principal competitive factors in the DVR market are brand recognition and awareness, functionality, ease of use, availability, and pricing. We currently see two primary categories of DVR competitors: DVRs offered by consumer electronics companies, and DVRs offered by cable and satellite operators.

 

Within each of these two categories, the competition can be further segmented into those offering what we define as basic DVR functionality, and those offering enhanced DVR functionality. Basic DVR functionality includes no or limited program guide data and “VCR-like” controls with manual timeslot-based recordings, usually with no DVR service fee after the consumer purchases the enabling hardware. The TiVo Basic service is an example of basic DVR functionality. Enhanced DVR functionality includes rich program guide data and enhanced scheduling and personalization features, and may or may not require a DVR service fee. The TiVo service is an example of enhanced DVR functionality.

 

Consumer Electronics Competitors. We compete against several types of products with basic or enhanced DVR functionality offered by consumer electronics companies. These products record an analog television signal output from a cable or satellite set-top box, analog cable feed, or antenna.

 

  DVRs: Various consumer electronics manufacturers are offering products with some enhanced DVR functionality in retail stores, including Panasonic, Denon and Marantz, RCA, and Lucky Goldstar.

 

  DVD devices with integrated DVRs: Several consumer electronics companies, including Thomson Multimedia and Panasonic, are producing DVRs integrated with DVD players or DVD recorders. In general, these products do not require DVR service fees and offer basic DVR functionality.

 

  Personal computers with DVR software: Several companies are developing DVR software for PC such as Snapstream and PC-related platforms. For example, Microsoft’s Windows XP Media Center Edition contains expanded digital media features including enhanced DVR functionality.

 

Satellite and Cable DVR Competitors. We compete against cable and satellite set-top boxes that integrate basic or enhanced DVR functionality into multi-channel receivers.

 

  Satellite: EchoStar released the DishPVR 501 in 2001, which combined EchoStar Dish Network satellite reception with basic DVR functionality, including repeating timer-based recordings. In July 2002, EchoStar released the DishPVR 721, which offers a limited DVR feature set. EchoStar has also released the DishPVR 921 system for High Definition signals. Additionally, NDS, a company controlled by News Corp., a significant stockholder of DIRECTV, has announced that it intends to compete with us to provide additional DVR technology to DIRECTV customers.

 

  Cable: Scientific-Atlanta sells Explorer 8000 integrated digital cable DVR set-top box to cable operators. Motorola sells the DCT6208 and DCT6412 integrated digital cable DVR set-top boxes to cable operators. These products combine digital and analog cable reception with DVR functionality; some versions offer dual tuner and/or high definition capabilities. In addition, Scientific-Atlanta and Motorola have announced plans to build integrated cable DVRs for cable operator Charter Communications and others using Moxi Media Center software from Digeo.

 

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In November 2004, Comcast and Microsoft announced that Comcast would deploy Microsoft TV Foundation Edition software to more than one million Comcast subscribers in Washington state. For subscribers with cable DVR set-top boxes, this Microsoft software supports dual tuner enhanced DVR functionality.

 

  Video on Demand: U.S. cable operators are currently deploying server-based Video on Demand (VOD) technology from SeaChange, Concurrent, nCube, and others, which could potentially evolve into competition. Server-based VOD relies on content servers located within the cable operator’s central head-end that stream video across the network to a digital cable set-top box within the consumer’s home. Cable operators can use VOD to deliver movies, television shows, and other content to consumers. Consumers can watch this programming on demand, with VCR-like pausing and rewinding capabilities. Operators can charge consumers for access to VOD content on a per-transaction or monthly subscription basis, or can offer content without charge. To the extent that cable operators begin to offer regular television programming as part of their VOD offerings, consumers will have an alternate means of watching time-shifted shows.

 

Licensing Fees. Our licensing revenues depend both upon our ability to successfully negotiate licensing agreements with our consumer electronics and service provider customers and, in turn, upon our customers’ successful commercialization of their underlying products. In addition, we face competition from companies such as Microsoft, Gemstar, OpenTV, NDS, D&M Holdings, Digeo, Ucentric, and Gotuit who have created competing digital video recording technologies. Such companies may offer more economically attractive licensing agreements to service providers and manufacturers of DVRs.

 

Established competition for advertising budgets. Digital video recorder services, in general, and TiVo, specifically, also compete with traditional advertising media such as print, radio, and television for a share of advertisers’ total advertising budgets. If advertisers do not perceive digital video recording services, in general, and TiVo specifically, as an effective advertising medium, they may be reluctant to devote a significant portion of their advertising budget to promotions on the TiVo service. In addition, advertisers may not support or embrace the TiVo technology due to a belief that our technology’s ability to fast-forward through commercials will reduce the effectiveness of general television advertising.

 

We depend on a limited number of third parties to manufacture, distribute, and supply critical components and services for the DVRs that enable the TiVo service. We may be unable to operate our business if these parties do not perform their obligations.

 

The TiVo service is enabled through the use of a DVR made available by us through a third-party contract manufacturer and a limited number of other third parties. In addition, we rely on sole suppliers for a number of key components for the DVRs. We do not control the time and resources that these third parties devote to our business. We cannot be sure that these parties will perform their obligations as expected or that any revenue, cost savings, or other benefits will be derived from the efforts of these parties. If any of these parties breaches or terminates its agreement with us or otherwise fails to perform their obligations in a timely manner, we may be delayed or prevented from commercializing our products and services. Because our relationships with these parties are non-exclusive, they may also support products and services that compete directly with us, or offer similar or greater support to our competitors. Any of these events could require us to undertake unforeseen additional responsibilities or devote additional resources to commercialize our products and services. This outcome would harm our ability to compete effectively and achieve increased market acceptance and brand recognition.

 

In addition, we face the following risks in relying on these third parties:

 

If our manufacturing relationships are not successful, we may be unable to satisfy demand for our products and services. We manufacture DVRs that enable the TiVo service through a third-party contract manufacturer. We also have entered and anticipate entering into agreements with consumer electronics manufacturers to manufacture and distribute DVRs that enable the TiVo service. However, we have no minimum volume commitments from any manufacturer. The ability of

 

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our consumer electronics manufacturers to reach sufficient production volume of DVRs to satisfy anticipated demand is subject to delays and unforeseen problems such as defects, shortages of critical components and cost overruns. Moreover, they will require substantial lead times to manufacture anticipated quantities of the DVRs that enable the TiVo service. Delays, product shortages, and other problems could impair the retail distribution and brand image and make it difficult for us to attract subscriptions. In addition, the loss of a manufacturer would require us to identify and contract with alternative sources of manufacturing, which we may be unable to do and which could prove time-consuming and expensive. Although we expect to continue to contract with additional consumer electronics companies for the manufacture of DVRs in the future, we may be unable to establish additional relationships on acceptable terms.

 

We are dependent on single suppliers for several key components and services. If these suppliers fail to perform their obligations, we may be unable to find alternative suppliers or deliver our products and services to our customers on time. We currently rely on sole suppliers for a number of the key components used in the TiVo-enabled DVRs and the TiVo service. For example:

 

  Broadcom is the sole supplier of the MPEG2 encoder and decoder semiconductor devices;

 

  Amtek is the sole supplier of the chassis; and

 

  ATMEL is the sole supplier of the secure microcontroller semiconductor device.

 

Because we do not require customized components from Broadcom, Amtek, or ATMEL suppliers, we do not have binding supply agreements with these suppliers. Therefore, they are not contractually obligated to supply us with these key components on a long-term basis or at all. In addition to the above, we have several sole suppliers for key components of our products currently under development.

 

Tribune is the sole supplier of the program guide data for the TiVo service. Tribune Media Services, Inc. is the current sole supplier of program guide data for the TiVo service. Our current Television Listings Data Agreement with Tribune became effective on March 1, 2004 and has an initial term of three years and will automatically renew for up to two additional terms of one year each unless we notify Tribune of our desire to terminate the agreement at least 90 days before the end of the then-current term. If Tribune breaches its obligation to provide us with data, or otherwise fail to we would be unable to provide certain aspects of the TiVo service to our customers. This would have serious repercussions on our brand and our ability to succeed in the market. We may be unable to secure an alternate source of guide data on acceptable terms.

 

If our arrangements or our consumer electronics manufacturers’ arrangements with Broadcom, Amtek, ATMEL or Tribune Media Services were to terminate or expire, or if we or our manufacturers were unable to obtain sufficient quantities of these components or required program guide data from our suppliers, our search for alternate suppliers could result in significant delays, added expense or disruption in product or service availability.

 

We are dependent on our major retail partners for distribution of our products to consumers. We currently rely on our relationships with major retail distributors including Best Buy, Circuit City, Target, and others for distribution of TiVo-enabled DVRs. We do not typically enter into long-term volume commitments with our major retail distributors. One of our retail customers accounted for 23% of our net hardware revenues in the quarter ending October 31, 2004. If one or several of our major retail partners were to discontinue selling our products, the volume of TiVo-enabled DVRs sold to consumers could decrease which could in turn harm our business.

 

Intellectual property claims against us could be costly and could result in the loss of significant rights.

 

From time to time, we receive letters from third parties alleging that we are infringing their intellectual property. Regardless of their merit, we are forced to devote time and resources to respond to these letters. In addition, if any of these third parties or others were to sue us, our business could be harmed because intellectual property litigation may:

 

  be time-consuming and expensive;

 

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  divert management’s attention and resources away from our business;

 

  cause delays in product delivery and new service introduction;

 

  cause the cancellation of new products or services; or

 

  require us to pay significant royalties and/or licensing fees.

 

The emerging enhanced-television industry is highly litigious, particularly in the area of on-screen program guides. Additionally, many patents covering interactive television technologies have been granted but have not been commercialized. For example, we are aware of multiple patents for pausing live television. A number of companies in the enhanced-television industry earn substantial profits from technology licensing, and the introduction of new technologies such as ours is likely to provoke lawsuits from such companies. A successful claim of infringement against us, our inability to obtain an acceptable license from the holder of the patent or other right, or our inability to design around an asserted patent or other right could cause our manufacturers to cease manufacturing DVRs that enable the TiVo service, our retailers to stop selling the product or us to cease providing our service, or all of the above, which would eliminate our ability to generate revenues.

 

Under our agreements with many of our manufacturing and licensing partners, we are obligated to indemnify them in the event that our technology infringes upon the intellectual property rights of third parties. Due to these indemnity obligations, we could be forced to incur material expenses if our manufacturing and licensing partners are sued. If they were to lose the lawsuit, our business could be harmed. In addition, because the products sold by our manufacturing and licensing partners often involve the use of other persons’ technology, this increases our exposure to litigation in circumstances where there is a claim of infringement asserted against the product in question, even if the claim does not pertain to our technology.

 

Pending intellectual property litigations. On September 25, 2001, Pause Technology LLC filed a complaint against us in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Reissue Patent No. 36,801, entitled “Time Delayed Digital Video System Using Concurrent Recording and Playback.” Pause Technology alleges that it is the owner of this patent, and further alleges that we have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell, and using within the United States the TiVo-enabled DVR. Pause Technology seeks unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against our operations. It also seeks attorneys’ fees and costs. On February 6, 2004, we obtained a favorable summary judgment ruling in the case in the District Court. The court ruled that our software versions 2.0 and above do not infringe Pause’s patent, and accordingly has ordered that judgment be entered in our favor. On June 16, 2004, Pause Technology filed an appeal to the United States Court of Appeal for the Federal Circuit appealing the February 6, 2004 summary judgment ruling in favor of TiVo. We are incurring expenses in connection with this litigation, which may become material, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

On February 5, 2002, Sony Corporation notified us that Command Audio Corporation had filed a complaint against Sony Electronics, Inc. on February 2, 2002 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint alleges that, in connection with its sale of digital video recorders and other products, Sony infringes upon two patents owned by Command Audio U.S. Patent Nos. 5,590,195 (“Information Dissemination Using Various Transmission Modes”) and 6,330,334 (“Method and System for Information Dissemination Using Television Signals”). The complaint seeks injunctive relief, compensatory and treble damages and Command Audio’s costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees. On June 15, 2004, the court denied Sony’s motion for summary judgment of invalidity and granted in part and denied in part Command Audio’s motion for summary judgment of infringement. The court found that certain Sony products literally infringed certain claims of the ‘334 patent but did not rule on the validity or unenforceability of the patents. A trial limited to certain of Sony’s allegations that the patents-in-suit are unenforceable was conducted in October 2004. The Court has not yet issued a ruling upon the issues presented at that trial. Under the terms of our agreement with Sony governing the distribution of certain DVRs that enable the TiVo service, we are required to indemnify Sony against any and all claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses relating to claims that our technology infringes upon intellectual property rights owned by third parties. We believe Sony has meritorious defenses against this lawsuit; however, due to our indemnification obligations,

 

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we are incurring material expenses in connection with this litigation. Since February 2002, we have incurred $5.2 million in legal expenses. The outcome of this matter or range of potential losses is currently not determinable. If Sony were to lose this lawsuit, our business could be harmed.

 

On August 5, 2004, Compression Labs, Inc. filed a complaint against TiVo, Acer American Corporation, AudioVox Corporation, BancTec, Inc., BenQ America Corporation, Color Dreams, Inc. (d/b/a StarDot Technologies), Google Inc., ScanSoft, Inc., Sun Microsystems Inc., Veo Inc., and Yahoo! Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging infringement, inducement of others to infringe, and contributory infringement of U.S. Patent No. 4,698,672, entitled “Coding System For Reducing Redundancy.” The complaint alleges that Compression Labs, Inc. is the owner of this patent and has the exclusive rights to sue and recover for infringement thereof. The complaint further alleges that the defendants have infringed, induced infringement, and contributorily infringed this patent by selling devices and/or systems in the United States, at least portions of which are designed to be at least partly compliant with the JPEG standard. We intend to defend this action vigorously; however, we could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

In August and September 2004, Phillip Igbinadolor, on behalf of himself, filed complaints against TiVo, Sony Corporation, Sony Electronics, Inc., Sony Corporation of America, JVC, Clarrion Corporation of America, and Philips Consumer Electronics Company in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 395,884 and 6,779,196 and U.S. Trademark No. 2,260,689, each relating to an “integrated car dubbing system.” The complaints were consolidated into one action captioned Igbinadolor v. Sony Corporation et al. The complaints allege that Mr. Igbinadolor is the owner of the patents and trademark allegedly infringed. We intend to defend this action vigorously; however, we could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

In addition, we are aware that some media companies may attempt to form organizations to develop standards and practices in the digital video recorder industry. These organizations or individual media companies may attempt to require companies in the digital video recorder industry to obtain copyright or other licenses. Lawsuits or other actions taken by these types of organizations or companies could make it more difficult for us to introduce new services, delay widespread consumer acceptance of our products and services, restrict our use of some television content, increase our costs, and adversely affect our business.

 

We are highly dependent on our relationship with DIRECTV for subscription growth.

 

Our relationship with DIRECTV could be affected in the future by News Corp.’s acquisition of The DIRECTV Group. On December 22, 2003, News Corp. acquired General Motor’s 19.8% economic interest in Hughes, subsequently renamed The DIRECTV Group. Simultaneously, News Corp. acquired an additional 14.2% of The DIRECTV Group for a total of 34% of its outstanding stock. It is possible that DIRECTV under News Corp. could seek to transition to an alternative DVR technology platform, such as that created by NDS, which is majority-owned by News Corp. It is also possible News Corp. may slow the pace of DVR deployment by DIRECTV in an effort to protect its content businesses from perceived threats posed by DVRs. NDS has indicated it has plans to deliver a competing DIRECTV DVR service during the first quarter of calendar year 2005.

 

If our current development agreement with DIRECTV expires without being renewed, amended, or replaced, our business could be harmed. A significant number of our new and existing TiVo service subscriptions are DIRECTV customers with TiVo service. Our current development agreement with DIRECTV does not expire until February 2007. Neither TiVo nor DIRECTV will have any further obligations to each other if our current development agreement with DIRECTV expires without being renewed, amended, or replaced. While DIRECTV would have the right to continue to service existing DIRECTV receivers with TiVo service without payment to us, it would not have the right to add new DIRECTV customers with TiVo service. And while TiVo would no longer be able to generate additional revenue from the then-current DIRECTV customers with TiVo service, we would have no further obligation to provide upgrades, fixes, new features, or software support. DIRECTV, however, also has the option under our current development agreement to buy a royalty-bearing software and technology license from us. This license would grant DIRECTV access to our source code and technology to make, modify (with certain exceptions), sell, and distribute DIRECTV receivers with TiVo service to add new subscribers after the expiration of our current agreement.

 

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Our limited operating history may make it difficult for us or investors to evaluate trends and other factors that affect our business.

 

We were incorporated in August 1997, and we have been providing subscription services only since March 31, 1999. Prior to that time, our operations consisted primarily of research and development efforts. To date, only a limited number of DVRs have been sold, and we have obtained only a limited number of subscriptions to the TiVo service.

 

As a result of our limited operating history, our historical financial and operating information is of limited value in evaluating our future operating results. It may be difficult to predict accurately our future revenues, costs of revenues, expenses, or results of operations. In addition, any evaluation of our business must be made in light of the risks and difficulties encountered by companies offering products or services in new and rapidly evolving markets. DVR services are a relatively new product category for consumers, and it may be difficult to predict the future growth rate, if any, or size of the market for our products and services. We may be unable to accurately forecast customer behavior and recognize or respond to emerging trends, changing preferences or competitive factors facing us. As a result, we may be unable to make accurate financial forecasts and adjust our spending in a timely manner to compensate for any unexpected revenue shortfall. Such inability could cause our net losses in a given quarter to be greater than expected, which could cause the price of our stock to decline.

 

We face a number of challenges in the sale and marketing of the TiVo service and products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Our success depends upon the successful retail marketing of the TiVo service and related DVRs, which began in the third quarter of calendar year 1999.

 

Many consumers are not aware of the benefits of our products. DVR products and services represent a relatively new consumer electronics category. Retailers, consumers, and potential partners may perceive little or no benefit from digital video recorder products and services. We have only been providing the TiVo service since 1999. Many consumers are not aware of its benefits, and therefore may not value the TiVo service and products that enable the TiVo service. We will need to devote a substantial amount of time and resources to educate consumers and promote our products in order to increase our subscriptions. We cannot be sure that a broad base of consumers will ultimately subscribe to the TiVo service or purchase the products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Consumers may not be willing to pay for our products and services. Many of our customers already pay monthly fees for cable or satellite television. We must convince these consumers to pay an additional subscription fee to receive the TiVo service. Consumers may perceive the TiVo service and related DVR as too expensive. In order to continue to grow our subscription base, we will need to continue to reduce our costs and lower the price of our DVR. The availability of competing services that do not require subscription fees or that are enabled by low or no cost DVRs will harm our ability to effectively attract and retain subscriptions. In addition, DVRs that enable the TiVo service can be used to pause, rewind, and fast-forward through live shows without an active subscription to the TiVo service. If a significant number of purchasers of the TiVo-enabled DVRs use these devices without subscribing to the TiVo service or cancel their existing subscriptions, our revenue growth will decline and we may not achieve profitability.

 

We compete with other consumer electronics products and home entertainment services for consumer spending. DVRs and the TiVo service compete in markets that are crowded with other consumer electronics products and home entertainment services. The competition for consumer spending is intense, and many consumers on limited budgets may choose other products and services over ours. DVRs compete for consumer spending with products such as DVD players, satellite television systems, personal computers, and video game consoles. The TiVo service competes with home entertainment services such as cable and satellite television, movie rentals, pay-per-view, and video on demand. See “We face intense competition from a number of sources, which may impair our revenues and ability to generate subscriptions.”

 

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Many of these products or services have established markets, broad user bases, and proven consumer acceptance. In addition, many of the manufacturers and distributors of these competing devices and services have substantially greater brand recognition, market presence, distribution channels, advertising and marketing budgets and promotional, and other strategic partners. Faced with this competition, we may be unable to effectively differentiate the DVR or the TiVo service from other consumer electronics devices or entertainment services.

 

We compete with digital cable and satellite DVRs. Cable and satellite service providers are accelerating deployment of integrated cable and satellite receivers with DVRs that bundle basic DVR services with other digital services and do not require their customers to purchase hardware. If we are not able to enter into agreements with these service providers to embed the TiVo service into their offerings, our ability to attract their subscribers to the TiVo service would be limited and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed.

 

It is expensive to establish a strong brand. We believe that establishing and strengthening the TiVo brand is critical to achieving widespread acceptance of our products and services and to establishing key strategic relationships. The importance of brand recognition will increase as current and potential competitors enter the digital video recorder market with competing products and services. Our ability to promote and position our brand depends largely on the success of our marketing efforts and our ability to provide high quality services and customer support. These activities are expensive and we may not generate a corresponding increase in subscriptions or revenues to justify these costs. If we fail to establish and maintain our brand, or if our brand value is damaged or diluted, we may be unable to attract subscriptions and effectively compete in the digital video recorder market.

 

We rely on our customers and consumer electronics manufacturers to market and distribute our products and services. In addition to our own efforts, our customers and consumer electronics manufacturers distribute DVRs that enable the TiVo service. We rely on their sales forces, marketing budgets and brand images to promote and support DVRs and the TiVo service. We expect to continue to rely on our relationships with these companies to promote and support DVRs and other devices that enable the TiVo service. The loss of one or more of these companies could require us to undertake more of these activities on our own. As a result, we would spend significant resources to support DVRs and other devices that enable the TiVo service. We also expect to rely on DIRECTV and other partners to provide marketing support for the TiVo service. The failure of one or more of these companies to provide anticipated marketing support will require us to divert more of our limited resources to marketing the TiVo service. If we are unable to provide adequate marketing support for DVRs and the TiVo service, our ability to attract subscriptions to the TiVo service will be limited.

 

We may agree to share a substantial portion of the revenue we generate from subscription fees with some of our customers and consumer electronics companies. We may be unable to generate enough revenue to cover these obligations.

 

In previous agreements, we have agreed to share a substantial portion of our subscription and other fees with some of our customers and consumer electronics manufacturing companies in exchange for manufacturing, distribution and marketing support, and discounts on key components for DVRs. Under these agreements, we may be required to share substantial portions of the subscription and other fees attributable to the same subscription with multiple companies. These agreements also require us to share a portion of our subscription fees whether or not we increase or decrease the price of the TiVo service. If we change our subscription fees in response to competitive or other market factors, our operating results would be adversely affected. Our decision to share subscription revenues is based on our expectation that these relationships will help us obtain subscriptions, broaden market acceptance of digital video recorders, and increase our future revenues. If these expectations are not met, we may be unable to generate sufficient revenue to cover our expenses and obligations.

 

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If we are unable to create or maintain multiple revenue streams, we may not be able to cover our expenses and this could cause our revenues to suffer.

 

Our long-term success depends on our ability to generate revenues from multiple revenue streams. Although our initial success depends on building a significant customer base and generating subscription fees from the TiVo service, our long-term success will depend on securing additional revenue streams such as:

 

  licensing;

 

  advertising;

 

  audience measurement research;

 

  revenues from programmers; and

 

  electronic commerce.

 

In order to derive substantial revenues from these activities, we will need to attract and retain a large and growing base of subscriptions to the TiVo service. We also will need to work closely with television advertisers, cable and satellite network operators, electronic commerce companies, and consumer electronics manufacturers to develop products and services in these areas. We may not be able to work effectively with these parties to develop products that generate revenues that are sufficient to justify their costs. We may also be unable to work with or to continuing working with these parties to distribute video and collect and distribute data or other information to provide these product or services. In addition, we are currently obligated to share a portion of these revenues with several of our strategic partners. Any inability to attract and retain a large and growing group of subscriptions or inability to attract new strategic partners or maintain and extend our relationships with our current strategic partners could seriously harm our ability to support new services and develop new revenue streams.

 

If our services agreement with DIRECTV expires without being renewed, amended, or replaced, our ability to generate advertising and audience measurement research revenues could suffer. We entered into a services agreement with DIRECTV on February 15, 2002. Under the services agreement, DIRECTV has agreed to distribute, under a revenue-sharing relationship, TiVo services that enable advanced automatic recording capabilities and the delivery of promotional video to DIRECTV receivers with TiVo service. The initial term of the services agreement is three years, which the parties can mutually renew twice for subsequent one year terms. We are in negotiations with DIRECTV to extend the services agreement, but we cannot assure you that these negotiations will lead to an extension of the agreement on similar terms or at all. If the services agreement were to expire, we would lose the right to place promotional video on DIRECTV receivers with TiVo service and to receive audience measurement research. While we believe the revenue share amounts we currently receive from such advertising and audience measurement research are not material, the expiration of the services agreement could affect our ability to generate advertising or audience measurement research revenue in the future. The expiration of the services agreement would have no effect on the development agreement with DIRECTV that was entered into on February 15, 2002.

 

If we are unable to introduce new products or services, or if our new products and services are unsuccessful or unsatisfactory or we restrict the functionality in the future of our products and services, our ability to grow our subscription base and retain customers may decrease which could cause our revenues to suffer.

 

To attract and retain subscriptions and generate revenues, we must continue to maintain and add to our functionality and content and introduce products and services which embody new technologies and, in some instances, new industry standards. This challenge will require hardware and software improvements, as well as maintaining and adding new collaborations with programmers, advertisers, network operators, hardware manufacturers, and other strategic partners. These activities require significant time and resources and may require us to develop and promote new ways of generating revenue with established companies in the television industry. These companies include television advertisers, cable and satellite network operators, electronic commerce companies, and consumer electronics manufacturers. In each of these examples, a small number of large companies dominate a major portion of the market and may be reluctant to work with us to develop new products and services for digital video recorders as well as maintain our current functionality. If we are unable to maintain and further develop and improve the TiVo service or maintain and expand our operations in a cost-effective or timely manner, our ability to attract and retain customers and generate revenue will suffer.

 

We face risks in the development of an entertainment offering involving the distribution of digital content.

 

We previously announced on September 30, 2004 a joint development agreement with Netflix, Inc. involving the development of a joint entertainment offering for the distribution of digital content. Our joint development agreement with Netflix involves no long term commitments nor significant economic benefits for either company. In the future, we may be unable to develop a joint entertainment offering with Netflix or may develop an entertainment offering involving the distribution of digital content separately or with other third parties. We face competitive, technological, and financial risks in the development of an entertainment offering involving the distribution of digital content. If we are unable to develop a competitive entertainment offering in the future with Netflix, on our own, or with a third party, our business could be adversely affected.

 

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Our ability to retain our current customers may decrease in the future which could increase our TiVo-Owned subscription monthly churn rate and could cause our revenues to suffer.

 

We believe factors such as increased competition in the DVR marketplace, increased price sensitivity in the consumer base, any deterioration in the quality of our service, or product lifetime subscriptions no longer using our service may cause our TiVo-Owned subscription monthly churn rate to increase. If we are unable to retain our subscriptions by limiting the factors that we believe increase subscription churn, our ability to grow our subscription base could suffer and our revenues could be harmed.

 

If we fail to manage our growth, it could disrupt our business and impair our ability to generate revenues.

 

The growth in our subscription base has placed, and will continue to place, a significant strain on our management, operational and financial resources and systems. Specific risks we face as our business expands include:

 

Any inability of our systems to accommodate our expected subscription growth may cause service interruptions or delay our introduction of new services. We internally developed many of the systems we use to provide the TiVo service and perform other processing functions. The ability of these systems to scale as we rapidly add new subscriptions is unproven. We must continually improve these systems to accommodate subscription growth and add features and functionality to the TiVo service. Our inability to add software and hardware or to upgrade our technology, systems or network infrastructure could adversely affect our business, cause service interruptions or delay the introduction of new services.

 

We will need to provide acceptable customer support, and any inability to do so would harm our brand and ability to generate and retain new subscriptions. Our ability to increase sales, retain current and future subscriptions and strengthen our brand will depend in part upon the quality of our customer support operations. Some customers require significant support when installing the DVR and becoming acquainted with the features and functionality of the TiVo service. We have limited experience with widespread deployment of our products and services to a diverse customer base, and we may not have adequate personnel to provide the levels of support that our customers require. In addition, we have entered into agreements with third parties to provide this support and will rely on them for a substantial portion of our customer support functions. Our failure to provide adequate customer support for the TiVo service and DVR will damage our reputation in the digital video recorder and consumer electronics marketplace and strain our relationships with customers and consumer electronics manufacturers. This could prevent us from gaining new or retaining existing subscriptions and could cause harm to our reputation and brand.

 

We will need to improve our operational and financial systems to support our expected growth, and any inability to do so will adversely affect our billing and reporting. To manage the expected growth of our operations, we will need to improve our operational and financial systems, procedures and controls. Our current and planned systems, procedures and controls may not be adequate to support our future operations and expected growth. For example, we replaced our accounting and billing system at the beginning of August 2000. Delays or problems associated with any improvement or expansion of our operational and financial systems and controls could adversely affect our relationships with our customers and cause harm to our reputation and brand. Delays or problems associated with any improvement or expansion of our operational and financial systems and controls could also result in errors in our financial and other reporting.

 

We must manage product transitions successfully in order to remain competitive.

 

The introduction of a new product or product line is a complex task, involving significant expenditures in research and development, training, promotion and sales channel development, and management of existing product inventories to reduce the cost associated with returns and slow moving inventory. As new products are introduced, we intend to monitor closely the inventory of products to be replaced, and to phase out their manufacture in a controlled manner. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to execute product transitions in this manner or that product transitions will be executed without harming our operating results. Failure to develop products with required features and performance levels or any delay in bringing a new product to market could significantly reduce our revenues and harm our competitive position.

 

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The product lifetime subscriptions to the TiVo service that we currently offer commit us to providing services for an indefinite period. The revenue we generate from these subscriptions may be insufficient to cover future costs.

 

We currently offer product lifetime subscriptions that commit us to provide service for as long as the DVR is in service. We receive the product lifetime subscription fee for the TiVo service in advance and amortize it as subscription revenue over four years, which is our estimate of the service life of the DVR. If these product lifetime subscriptions use the DVR for longer than anticipated, we will incur costs such as telecommunications and customer support costs without a corresponding revenue stream and therefore will be required to fund ongoing costs of service from other sources. As of October 31, 2004, we had approximately 40,000 product lifetime subscriptions, or approximately 1.7% of our total installed subscription base, that had exceeded the four-year period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues. If the useful life of the recorder were shorter or longer than four-years, we would recognize revenues earlier or later. Our product is still relatively new, and as we gather more user information, we might revise this estimated life.

 

Tiered pricing for the TiVo service may reduce our average revenue per user.

 

We may elect to offer additional tiers of the TiVo service at various price points, which may have the effect of reducing our average revenue per user.

 

The nature of some of our relationships may restrict our ability to operate freely in the future.

 

From time to time, we have engaged and may engage in the future in discussions with other parties concerning relationships, which have and may include equity investments by such parties in our company. While we believe that such relationships have enhanced our ability to finance and develop our business model, the terms and conditions of such relationships may place some restrictions on the operation of our business in the future.

 

We have limited experience in overseeing manufacturing processes and managing inventory and failure to do so effectively may result in supply imbalances or product recalls.

 

We have contracted for the manufacture of certain TiVo-enabled DVRs with a contract manufacturer. We sell these units to retailers and distributors, as well as through our own online sales efforts. As part of this effort, we expect to maintain some finished goods inventory of the units throughout the year. Overseeing manufacturing processes and managing inventory are outside of our core business and our experience in these areas is limited. If we fail to effectively oversee the manufacturing process and manage inventory, we may suffer from insufficient inventory to meet consumer demand or excess inventory. Ineffective oversight of the manufacturing process could also result in product recalls.

 

We have agreed to subsidize the cost of manufacturing DVRs, which may adversely affect our operating results and ability to achieve profitability.

 

In prior years, we entered into agreements with our consumer electronics manufacturers to manufacture DVRs that enable the TiVo service. In certain agreements, we agreed to pay our manufacturers a per-unit subsidy for each DVR that they manufactured and sold. The amount of the payments varied depending upon the manufacturing costs and selling prices. Under some of these arrangements, we paid a portion of the subsidy when the DVR was shipped, and we did not receive any revenues related to the unit until the unit was sold and the purchaser activated the TiVo service. We may make additional subsidy payments in the future to consumer electronic and other manufacturers in an effort to maintain a commercially viable retail price for the DVRs and other devices that enable the TiVo service.

 

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Product defects, system failures or interruptions to the TiVo service may have a negative impact on our revenues, damage our reputation and decrease our ability to attract new customers.

 

Our ability to provide uninterrupted service and high quality customer support depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer and communications systems. Our computer hardware and other operating systems for the TiVo service are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, telecommunication failures and similar events. They are also subject to break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism and similar misconduct. These types of interruptions in the TiVo service may reduce our revenues and profits. We currently house the server hardware that delivers the TiVo service at only one location and continue to explore the benefits of establishing a backup facility. Our business also will be harmed if consumers believe our service is unreliable. In addition to placing increased burdens on our engineering staff, service outages will create a flood of customer questions and complaints that must be responded to by our customer support personnel. Any frequent or persistent system failures could irreparably damage our reputation and brand and possibly trigger requests for refunds on subscriptions fees and hardware purchases and possible consumer litigation.

 

We have detected and may continue to detect errors and product defects. These problems can affect system uptime and result in significant warranty and repair problems, which could cause customer service and customer relations problems. Correcting errors in our software or fixing defects in our products requires significant time and resources, which could delay product releases and affect market acceptance of the TiVo service. Any delivery by us of products or upgrades with undetected material product defects or software errors could harm our credibility and market acceptance of the DVRs and the TiVo service. In addition, defective products could cause a risk of injury that may subject us to litigation or cause us to have to undertake a product recall. For example, we have become aware of occasions where a part has come loose from the remote control device that comes with the DVRs that enable the TiVo service, including occurrences where a young child has gagged on or ingested a part of the remote control device. While we are unaware of any injuries resulting from the use of our products, if we are required to repair or replace any of our products, we could incur significant costs, which would have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

We need to safeguard the security and privacy of our subscriptions’ confidential data, and any inability to do so may harm our reputation and brand and expose us to legal action.

 

The DVR collects and stores viewer preferences and other data that many of our customers consider confidential. Any compromise or breach of the encryption and other security measures that we use to protect this data could harm our reputation and expose us to potential liability. Advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other events or developments could compromise or breach the systems we use to protect our subscriptions’ confidential information. We may be required to make significant expenditures to protect against security breaches or to remedy problems caused by any breaches.

 

Uncertainty in the marketplace regarding the use of data from subscriptions could reduce demand for the TiVo service and result in increased expenses. Consumers may be concerned about the use of viewing information gathered by the TiVo service and the DVR. Currently, we gather anonymous information about our customers’ viewing choices while using the TiVo service, unless a customer affirmatively consents to the collection of personally identifiable viewing information. This anonymous viewing information does not identify the individual customer. Privacy concerns, however, could create uncertainty in the marketplace for digital video recording and for our products and services. Changes in our privacy policy could reduce demand for the TiVo service, increase the cost of doing business as a result of litigation costs or increased service delivery costs, or otherwise harm our reputation and business.

 

Entertainment companies may claim that some of the features of our DVRs violate copyright laws, which could force us to incur significant costs in defending such actions and affect our ability to market the TiVo service and the products that enable the TiVo service.

 

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Although we have not been the subject of such actions to date, one of our former competitor’s digital video recorders was the subject of several copyright infringement lawsuits by a number of major entertainment companies, including the three major television networks. These lawsuits alleged that the competitor’s digital video recorders violate copyright laws by allowing users to skip commercials, delete recordings only when instructed and use the Internet to send recorded materials to other users. TiVo-enabled DVRs have some similar features, including the ability to fast-forward through commercials, the ability to delete recordings only when instructed, and when the TiVoToGo service is released, the ability to transfer recordings from a TiVo-enabled DVR to a PC. Based on market or consumer pressures, we may decide in the future to add additional features similar to those of our former competitors or that may otherwise be objectionable to entertainment companies. If similar actions are filed against us based on current or future features of our DVRs, entertainment companies may seek injunctions to prevent us from including these features and/or damages. Such litigation can be costly and may divert the efforts of our management. Furthermore, if we were ordered to remove features from our DVRs, we may experience increased difficulty in marketing the TiVo service and related TiVo-enabled DVRs and may suffer reduced revenues as a result.

 

Our success depends on our ability to secure and protect our patents, trademarks and other proprietary rights.

 

Our success and ability to compete are substantially dependent upon our internally developed technology. We rely on patent, trademark and copyright law, trade secret protection and confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, customers, partners and others to protect our intellectual property rights. However, the steps we take to protect our proprietary rights may be inadequate. We have filed patent applications and provisional patent applications covering substantially all of the technology used to deliver the TiVo service and its features and functionality. To date, several of these patents have been granted, but we cannot assure you that any additional patents will ever be granted, that any issued patents will protect our intellectual property or that third parties will not challenge any issued patents. In addition, other parties may independently develop similar or competing technologies designed around any patents that may be issued to us. Our failure to secure and protect our proprietary rights could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

We have filed a patent infringement lawsuit against EchoStar Communications Corporation and may incur significant expenses as a result, and an adverse outcome could harm our business.

 

On January 5, 2004, we filed a complaint against EchoStar Communications Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389, entitled “Multimedia Time Warping System.” On January 15, 2004, we amended our complaint to add EchoStar DBS Corporation, EchoStar Technologies Corporation, and Echosphere Limited Liability Corporation as additional defendants. We allege that we are the owner of this patent and further allege that the defendants have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell and/or selling digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software, and/or personal television services in the United States. On March 2, 2004, EchoStar filed its answer to our complaint, moved to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction, and moved to transfer the case from the Eastern District of Texas to the Northern District of California. We have opposed both of EchoStar’s motions. On December 8, 2004, the Court held a hearing on EchoStar’s motions to transfer and to dismiss, but no ruling has been made on either motion. We seek unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against the defendants’ further infringement of the patent. We could incur material expenses in this litigation.

 

We could be prevented from selling or developing our TiVo software if the GNU General Public License governing the Linux operating system and Linux kernel and similar licenses under which our product is developed and licensed are not enforceable.

 

The Linux kernel and the Linux operating system have been developed and licensed under the GNU General Public License and similar open source licenses. These licenses state that any program licensed under them may be liberally copied, modified, and distributed. The GNU General Public license is a subject of litigation in the case of The SCO Group, Inc. v. International Business Machines Corp., pending in the United States District Court for the District of Utah. SCO Group, Inc., or SCO, has publicly alleged that certain Linux kernels contain unauthorized UNIX code or derivative works. Uncertainty

 

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concerning SCO’s allegations, regardless of their merit, could adversely affect our manufacturing and other customer and supplier relationships. It is possible that a court would hold these licenses to be unenforceable in that litigation or that someone could assert a claim for proprietary rights in our TiVo software that runs on a Linux-based operating system. Any ruling by a court that these licenses are not enforceable, or that Linux-based operating systems, or significant portions of them, may not be liberally copied, modified or distributed, would have the effect of preventing us from selling or developing our TiVo software and would adversely affect our business.

 

If there is an adverse outcome in the class action litigation that has been filed against us, our business may be harmed.

 

We and certain of our officers and directors are named as defendants in a consolidated securities class action lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. This action, which is captioned Wercberger v. TiVo et al., also names several of the underwriters involved in our initial public offering as defendants. This class action is brought on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of our common stock from September 30, 1999, the time of our initial public offering, through December 6, 2000. The central allegation in this action is that our IPO underwriters solicited and received undisclosed commissions from, and entered into undisclosed arrangements with, certain investors who purchased our common stock in our IPO and in the after-market. The complaint also alleges that the TiVo defendants violated the federal securities laws by failing to disclose in our IPO prospectus that the underwriters had engaged in these allegedly undisclosed arrangements. More than 150 issuers have been named in similar lawsuits. In July 2002, an omnibus motion to dismiss all complaints against issuers and individual defendants affiliated with issuers (including the TiVo defendants) was filed by the entire group of issuer defendants in these similar actions. On October 8, 2002, our officers were dismissed as defendants in the lawsuit. On February 19, 2003, the court in this action issued its decision on defendants’ omnibus motion to dismiss. This decision dismissed the Section 10(b) claim as to TiVo but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim as to TiVo and virtually all of the other issuer-defendants.

 

On June 26, 2003, the plaintiffs announced a proposed settlement with the Company and the other issuer defendants. The proposed settlement provides that the plaintiffs will be guaranteed $1.0 billion dollars in recoveries by the insurers of the Company and other issuer defendants. Accordingly, any direct financial impact of the proposed settlement is expected to be borne by the Company’s insurers in accordance with the proposed settlement. In addition, the Company and the other settling issuer defendants will assign to the plaintiffs certain claims that they may have against the underwriters. If recoveries in excess of $1.0 billion dollars are obtained by the plaintiffs from the underwriters, the Company’s and the other issuers defendants’ monetary obligations to the class plaintiffs will be satisfied. Furthermore, the settlement is subject to a hearing on fairness and approval by the Federal District Court overseeing the IPO Litigation. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation and assignment of claims against the underwriters, and because the settlement has not yet been approved by the Federal District Court, the ultimate outcome of the matter cannot presently be predicted. In the event that the Court does not approve the final settlement, we believe we have meritorious defenses and intend to defend this action vigorously; however, we could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

Legislation, laws or regulations that govern the television industry, the delivery of programming and the collection of viewing information from subscriptions could expose us to legal action if we fail to comply or could require us to change our business.

 

The delivery of television programming and the collection of viewing information from subscriptions via the TiVo service and a DVR represent a relatively new category in the television and home entertainment industries. As such, it is difficult to predict what laws or regulations will govern our business. Changes in the regulatory climate, the enactment of new legislation, or the expansion, enforcement or interpretation of existing laws could expose us to additional costs and expenses and could require changes to our business. For example, legislation regarding customer privacy or copyright could be enacted or expanded to apply to the TiVo service, which could adversely affect our business. New or existing copyright laws could be applied to restrict the capture of television programming, which would adversely affect our business. It is unknown whether existing laws and regulations will apply to the digital video recorder market. Therefore, it is difficult to anticipate the impact of current or future laws and regulations on our business. We may have significant expenses associated with staying appraised of local, state, federal, and international legislation and regulation of our business and in presenting TiVo’s positions on proposed laws and regulations.

 

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The Federal Communications Commission has broad jurisdiction over the telecommunications and cable industries. The majority of FCC regulations, while not directly affecting us, do affect many of the companies on whom we substantially rely for the marketing and distribution of the DVR and the TiVo service. As such, the indirect effect of these regulations may adversely affect our business. In addition, the FCC could promulgate new regulations, or interpret existing regulations in a manner that would cause us to incur significant compliance costs or force us to alter the features or functionality of the TiVo service.

 

Recently enacted and proposed changes in securities laws and regulations are likely to increase our costs and may affect our ability to be in compliance with such new corporate governance provisions in the future.

 

The existing federal securities laws and regulations impose complex and continually changing regulatory requirements on our operations and reporting. With the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in July 2002, a significant number of new corporate governance requirements have been adopted or proposed. These new requirements impose comprehensive reporting and disclosure requirements, set stricter independence and financial expertise standards for audit committee members, and impose increased civil and criminal penalties for companies, their chief executive officers, chief financial officers and directors for securities law violations. We expect these developments to increase our legal compliance costs, increase the difficulty and expense in obtaining director and officer liability insurance, and make it harder for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors and/or qualified executive officers. Such developments could harm our results of operations and divert management’s attention from business operations. Additionally, we will have to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act beginning with our fiscal year ending January 31, 2005 which will require our management to report on the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting and requires our independent auditors to provide a related attestation as to management’s evaluation. If we are not successful in complying with these requirements, our business could be harmed.

 

The current legislative and regulatory environment affecting accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America is uncertain and volatile, and significant changes in current principles could affect our financial statements going forward.

 

The accounting rules and regulations that we must comply with are complex and continually changing. Recent actions and public comments from the Securities Exchange Commission have focused on the integrity of financial reporting generally. Similarly, the U.S. Congress has considered a variety of bills that could affect certain accounting principles. The FASB has recently introduced several new or proposed accounting standards or are developing new proposed standards, such as accounting for stock options, which would represent a significant change from current industry practices. In addition, many companies’ accounting policies are being subject to heightened scrutiny by regulators and the public. While we believe that our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, we cannot predict the impact of future changes to accounting principles or our accounting policies on our financial statements going forward. In addition, were we to change our critical accounting estimates, including with respect to the recognition of revenue from our product lifetime subscriptions, our results of operations could be significantly impacted.

 

If we lose key management personnel, we may not be able to successfully operate our business.

 

Our future performance will be substantially dependent on the continued services of our senior management and other key personnel. The loss of any members of our executive management team and our inability to hire additional executive management could harm our business and results of operations. In addition, we do not have key man insurance policies for any of our key personnel which may adversely affect our ability to attract new executives.

 

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Our Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws, Rights Agreement and Delaware law could discourage a third party from acquiring us and consequently decrease the market value of our common stock.

 

We may become the subject of an unsolicited attempted takeover of our company. Although an unsolicited takeover could be in the best interests of our stockholders, certain provisions of Delaware law, our organizational documents and our Rights Agreement could be impediments to such a takeover.

 

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. In general, the statute prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws also require that any action required or permitted to be taken by our stockholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of the stockholders and may not be effected by a written consent.. In addition, special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by a majority of the total number of authorized directors, the chairman of the board, our chief executive officer or the holders of 50% or more of our common stock. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws also provide that directors may be removed only for cause by a vote of a majority of the stockholders and that vacancies on the board of directors created either by resignation, death, disqualification, removal or by an increase in the size of the board of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors in office, although less than a quorum. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation also provides for a classified board of directors and specifies that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by resolution of the board of directors.

 

On January 9, 2001, our board of directors adopted a Rights Agreement. Each share of our common stock has attached to it a right to purchase one one-hundredth of a share of our Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock at a price of $60 per one one-hundredth of a preferred share. Subject to limited exceptions, the rights will become exercisable following the tenth day after a person or group announces the acquisition of 15% or more (or 30.01% or more in the case of America Online, Inc. and its affiliates and associates until such time as America Online and its affiliates and associates cease to beneficially own any common shares) of our common stock, and thereby becomes an “acquiring person,” or announces commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer, the consummation of which would result in the ownership by the person or group of 15% or more (or 30.01% or more in the case of America Online and its affiliates and associates until such time as America Online and its affiliates and associates cease to beneficially own any common shares) of our common stock. The rights are not exercisable as of November 30, 2004. We will be entitled to redeem the rights at $0.01 per right at any time prior to the time that a person or group becomes an acquiring person.

 

These provisions of Delaware law, our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws and our Rights Agreement could make it more difficult for us to be acquired by another company, even if our acquisition is in the best interests of our stockholders. Any delay or prevention of a change of control or change in management could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

 

In the future, our revenues and operating results may fluctuate significantly, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

We expect our revenues and operating results to fluctuate significantly due to a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control. Therefore, you should not rely on period-to-period comparisons of results of operations as an indication of our future performance. It is possible that in some periods our operating results may fall below the expectations of market analysts and investors. In this event, the market price of our common stock would likely fall.

 

Factors that may affect our quarterly operating results include:

 

  demand for TiVo-enabled DVRs and the TiVo service;

 

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  the timing and introduction of new services and features on the TiVo service;

 

  seasonality and other consumer and advertising trends;

 

  changes in revenue sharing arrangements with our strategic relationships;

 

  entering into new or terminating existing strategic partnerships;

 

  changes in the subsidy payments we make to certain strategic relationships;

 

  changes in our pricing policies, the pricing policies of our competitors and general pricing trends in the consumer electronics market;

 

  timing of revenue recognition under our licensing agreements;

 

  loss of subscriptions to the TiVo service; and

 

  general economic conditions.

 

Because our expenses precede associated revenues, unanticipated shortfalls in revenues could adversely affect our results of operations for any given period and cause the market price of our common stock to fall.

 

Seasonal trends may cause our quarterly operating results to fluctuate and our inability to forecast these trends may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

Consumer electronic product sales have traditionally been much higher during the holiday shopping season than during other times of the year. Although predicting consumer demand for our products is very difficult, we have experienced that sales of DVRs and new subscriptions to the TiVo service have been disproportionately high during the holiday shopping season when compared to other times of the year. If we are unable to accurately forecast and respond to consumer demand for our products, our reputation and brand will suffer and the market price of our common stock would likely fall.

 

We expect that a portion of our future revenues will come from targeted commercials and other forms of television advertising enabled by the TiVo service. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be seasonal and cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions as well as budgeting and buying patterns. A decline in the economic prospects of advertisers or the economy in general could alter current or prospective advertisers’ spending priorities or increase the time it takes to close a sale with our advertisers, which could cause our revenues from advertisements to decline significantly in any given period.

 

If we are unable to raise additional capital on acceptable terms, our ability to effectively manage growth and build a strong brand could be harmed.

 

We expect that our existing capital resources will be sufficient to meet our cash requirements through the next twelve months. However, as we continue to grow our business, we may need to raise additional capital, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. If we cannot raise necessary additional capital on acceptable terms, we may not be able to develop or enhance our products and services, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated requirements.

 

If additional capital is raised through the issuance of equity securities, the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders will decline, stockholders may experience dilution in net book value per share, or these equity securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock. Any debt financing, if available, may involve covenants limiting, or restricting our operations or future opportunities.

 

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The large number of shares available for future sale could adversely affect the market price for our stock.

 

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market or the perception that such sales might occur could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Several of our stockholders own a substantial number of our shares.

 

In addition, in August 2001, we issued $51.8 million in principal amount of our convertible senior notes due 2006, of which, as of October 31, 2004, there was approximately $10.5 million in principal amount still outstanding. As of October 31, 2004, these notes were convertible into a maximum of 2,619,045 shares of our common stock. In connection with the convertible notes offering, we also issued five-year warrants to purchase 2,192,404 shares of our common stock that were still outstanding as of October 31, 2004. Pursuant to registration rights agreements with the investors in that offering, we have registered the resale of the convertible notes, warrants and shares of common stock issuable upon conversion or exercise of the convertible notes or warrants.

 

On November 26, 2004, we notified by mail the registered holders of our convertible notes payable that we have elected to exercise our option to redeem all remaining outstanding notes. As of that date, the aggregate principal amount of the remaining outstanding notes was $10,450,000. Pursuant to our notice and the terms of the Indenture, all outstanding and unconverted notes will be redeemed by us on January 25, 2005 at a redemption price equal to the outstanding principal amount of the notes plus accrued, but unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.

 

As of October 31, 2004, options to purchase a total of 15,651,610 shares were outstanding under our option and equity incentive plans, and there were 9,731,800 shares available for future grants. We have filed registration statements with respect to the shares of common stock issuable under our option and equity incentive plans.

 

Future sales of the shares of the common stock described above, or the registration for sale of such common stock, or the issuance of common stock to satisfy our current or future cash payment obligations or to acquire technology, property, or other businesses, could cause immediate dilution and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. The sale or issuance of such stock, as well as the existence of outstanding options and shares of common stock reserved for issuance under our option and equity incentive plans, as well as the shares issuable upon conversion or exercise of our outstanding convertible notes and warrants, also may adversely affect the terms upon which we are able to obtain additional capital through the sale of equity securities.

 

We expect to continue to experience volatility in our stock price.

 

The market price of our common stock is highly volatile. Since our initial public offering in September 1999 through November 30, 2004, our common stock has closed between $71.50 per share and $2.55 per share, closing at $4.71 on November 30, 2004. The market price of our common stock may be subject to significant fluctuations in response to, among other things, the factors discussed in this section and the following factors:

 

  changes in estimates of our financial performance or changes in recommendations by securities analysts;

 

  our failure to meet, or our ability to exceed, the expectations of securities analysts or investors;

 

  release of new or enhanced products or introduction of new marketing initiatives by us or our competitors;

 

  announcements by us or our competitors of the creation, developments under or termination of significant strategic relationships, joint ventures, significant contracts or acquisitions;

 

  fluctuations in the market prices generally for technology and media-related stocks;

 

  fluctuations in general economic conditions;

 

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  fluctuations in interest rates;

 

  market conditions affecting the television and home entertainment industry and the technology sector;

 

  fluctuations in operating results; and

 

  additions or departures of key personnel.

 

The stock market has from time to time experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, which have particularly affected the market prices for emerging companies, and which have often been unrelated to their operating performance. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These statements relate to, among other things:

 

  our future investments in subscription acquisition activities including rebate offers to consumers, advertising expenditures, and other marketing activities;

 

  our future earnings including expected future service and technology revenues;

 

  our financial results, and expectations for profitability in the future;

 

  possible future increases in our general and administrative expenses including expenditures related to lawsuits involving the Company such as the Sony and Echostar patent infringement cases;

 

  possible future increases in our operating expenses including increases in customer support and retention expenditures;

 

  future subscription growth of both TiVo-Owned and DIRECTV subscriptions;

 

  our estimates of the useful life of TiVo-enabled DVRs in connection with the recognition of revenue received from product lifetime subscriptions;

 

  consumer rebate redemption rates;

 

  our intentions to continue to grow the number of TiVo-Owned subscriptions through our relationships with major retailers;

 

  our expectations related to future increases in advertising and research revenues;

 

  our expectations related to changes in the cost of our hardware revenues and the reasons for changes in the volume of DVRs sold to retailers;

 

  our ability to fund operations, capital expenditures, and working capital needs during the next year; and

 

  our ability to raise additional capital through the financial markets in the future.

 

Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “intend,” “estimate,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “predict,” “potential,” and “anticipate” or similar expressions or the negative of those terms or expressions. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, the information contained under the caption “Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this quarterly report. The reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date of this quarterly report and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements in this quarterly report. The reader is strongly urged to read the information set forth under the caption “Part I, Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in particular “Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results,” for a more detailed description of these significant risks and uncertainties.

 

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio and we conduct transactions in U.S. dollars. Our investment portfolio only includes highly liquid instruments with original maturities of less than one year.

 

We are subject to fluctuating interest rates that may affect, adversely or otherwise, our results of operations or cash flows for our cash and cash equivalents and any short-term investments.

 

The table below presents principal amounts and related weighted average interest rates as of October 31, 2004 for our cash and cash equivalents. We had no short-term investments at this time.

 

Cash and cash equivalents (in thousands)

   $ 88,523       

Year to date average interest rate

          1.19 %

 

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Although payments under the operating lease for our facility are tied to market indices, we are not exposed to material interest rate risk associated with the operating lease.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

 

As required by Rule13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the fiscal quarter covered by this report. Based upon the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in reaching a level of reasonable assurance in achieving our desired control objectives.

 

There have been no significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

 

PART II : OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

 

The information under the heading Legal Matters set forth under Note 7. of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part I, Item 1. of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Digital Development Corporation Complaint

 

On November 23, 2004, Digital Development Corporation filed a complaint against TiVo in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging infringement, inducement of others to infringe, and contributory infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 4,975,950 and 5,121,345, each entitled “System and Method of Protecting Integrity of Computer Data and Software.” The complaint alleges that Digital Development Corporation is the owner of these patents. The complaint further alleges that the Company has infringed, induced infringement, and contributorily infringed these patents by importing, making, using, offering for sale, and/or selling computer hardware, software and systems as defined by the claims of each patent without permission of the owners of the patents. The Company intends to defend this action vigorously; however, it could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

 

None.

 

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

 

None.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.

 

The Annual Meeting of Stockholders of TiVo Inc. was held at the offices of Latham & Watkins LLP, 135 Commonwealth Drive, Menlo Park, California on August 4, 2004. Out of 80,309,926 shares of Common Stock (as of the record date of June 9, 2004) entitled to vote at the meeting 69,956,470 shares were present in person or by proxy.

 

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The vote for nominated directors, to serve until the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, and until their successors are elected, was as follows:

 

NOMINEE


 

IN FAVOR


 

WITHHELD


Charles B. Fruit   69,622,729   333,741
Mark W. Perry   69,631,912   324,558
Thomas S. Rogers   68,246,502   1,709,968
David M. Zaslav   69,546,506   409,964

 

The results of voting on the ratification of the selection of KPMG LLP as independent auditors for the Company for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2005, were as follows:

 

IN FAVOR


 

OPPOSED


 

ABSTAIN


69,636,098

  283,476   36,896

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.

 

The information set forth under Note 9. of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part I, Item 1. of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.

 

(a) EXHIBITS

 

EXHIBIT
NUMBER


 

DESCRIPTION


10.0+   Fourth Amendment to Vendor Agreement, effective as of July 1, 2004, between Best Buy Co., Inc. and TiVo Inc. (filed herewith).
10.1     Vice Chairman Employment Agreement between TiVo Inc. and Thomas S. Rogers dated October 11, 2004 (filed herewith).
10.2     TiVo Inc. Amended & Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan and related documents (filed herewith).
10.3     TiVo Inc. Amended & Restated 1999 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan and related documents (filed herewith).
10.4     TiVo Inc. Amended & Restated 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and related documents (filed herewith).
31.1     Certification of Michael Ramsay, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of TiVo Inc. dated December 10, 2004 pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2     Certification of David H. Courtney, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of TiVo Inc. dated December 10, 2004 pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1     Certification of Michael Ramsay, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of TiVo Inc. dated December 10, 2004 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2     Certification of David H. Courtney, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of TiVo Inc. dated December 10, 2004 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

+ Confidential treatment has been requested as to portions of this exhibit.

 

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(b) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

 

The registrant filed the following reports on Form 8-K during the quarter ended October 31, 2004:

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 5) on August 11, 2004, regarding the announcement of the registrant’s minority interest in TGC, Inc., a newly formed independent entity.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 8.01) on August 26, 2004, regarding the announcement of the registrant’s earnings for the second quarter ended July 31, 2004.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Items 2.02 and 9.01) on August 26, 2004, regarding furnishing the press release of the registrant’s earnings for the second quarter ended July 31, 2004.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 8.01) on September 23, 2004, regarding the announcement that the registrant had surpassed 2 million TiVo service subscriptions over Labor Day weekend.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 5.02) on September 29, 2004, regarding the resignation from the board of directors of Mr. Hendricks.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Items 1.01, 5.02 and 9.01) on October 15, 2004, regarding the announcement that the registrant had entered into an Amended and Restated Consulting Agreement with Ta-Wei Chien, TiVo’s former Senior Vice President, General Manager of TiVo Technologies and the announcement of the registrant employment of Thomas S. Rogers, a current Director of TiVo Inc., as Vice Chairman of the board of directors for a twelve-month term.

 

Subsequent to October 31, 2004, the registrant filed the following reports on Form 8-K:

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 8.01) on November 22, 2004, regarding the announcement of the registrant’s earnings for the third quarter ended October 31, 2004.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Items 2.02 and 9.01) on November 22, 2004, regarding furnishing the press release of the registrant’s earnings for the third quarter ended October 31, 2004.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 2.04) on November 30, 2004, regarding the announcement of the registrant’s notification by mail to the registered holders of its 7% Convertible Senior Notes due 2006, that the Company has elected to exercise its option to redeem all of its remaining outstanding notes.

 

Trademark Acknowledgments

 

“TiVo,” the TiVo Logo, TiVo Smile Design, “TiVo Central,” “Can’t Miss TV,” “Ipreview,” “TiVoMatic,” “TV Your Way,” “What you want, when you want it,” “TiVolution,” “Overtime Scheduler,” and the Jump Logo are registered trademarks of TiVo Inc.

 

“Active Preview,” “DIRECTIVO,” Home Media Option, “Life’s too short for bad TV,” “Personal TV,” “Primetime Anytime,” “Season Pass,” “See it, want it, get it,” “Thumbs Down” (logo and text), “Thumbs Up” (logo and text), TiVo Series2 (logo and text), “TiVo, TV Your Way,” “WishList,” and “You’ve got a life, TiVo gets it” are trademarks of TiVo Inc. All other trademarks or trade names appearing in this report are the property of their respective owners.

 

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

    TIVO INC.
Date: December 10, 2004   By:  

/s/ Michael Ramsay


        Michael Ramsay
        Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors
        (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: December 10, 2004   By:  

/s/ David H. Courtney


        David H. Courtney
        Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of Worldwide Operations and Administration
        (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

57

EX-10.0 2 dex100.htm FOURTH AMENDMENT TO VENDOR AGREEMENT Fourth Amendment to Vendor Agreement

Exhibit 10.0

 

Exhibit 10.0

as filed with

10-Q

   Confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this exhibit. The copy filed herewith omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. Omissions are designated as [*]. A complete version of this exhibit has been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

FOURTH AMENDMENT TO VENDOR AGREEMENT

 

This FOURTH AMENDMENT TO THE VENDOR AGREEMENT (this “Fourth Amendment”) is effective as of July 1, 2004 (the “Fourth Amendment Effective Date”) by and between BEST BUY PURCHASING LLC and TIVO INC.

 

RECITALS

 

WHEREAS, Best Buy Co., Inc. and TiVo Inc. entered into that certain Vendor Agreement having an effective date of March 3, 2002, as amended (the “Vendor Agreement”); and

 

WHEREAS, Best Buy Purchasing LLC and TiVo Inc. wish to modify certain provisions in the Vendor Agreement as explicitly set forth in this Fourth Amendment.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, Best Buy Purchasing LLC and TiVo Inc. agree as follows:

 

AGREEMENT

 

Unless stated otherwise, capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Vendor Agreement.

 

1. ADDITIONAL DVR PRODUCTS. TiVo agrees that the [*] shall be subject to the Section 1.3 of the Vendor Program Agreement attached to the Vendor Agreement.

 

2. EFFECT OF AMENDMENT. Except as expressly modified herein, all other terms and conditions of the Vendor Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Best Buy Purchasing LLC’s and TiVo Inc.’s respective duly authorized officers have executed this Fourth Amendment. This Fourth Amendment may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same original.

 

TIVO INC.   BEST BUY PURCHASING LLC

By:

 

/s/ Joe Miller


 

By:

 

/s/ Ron Boire


Printed Name:

 

Joe Miller

 

Printed Name:

 

Ron Boire

Title:

 

VP, Sales

 

Title:

 

Executive Vice President, OMM


[*] Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.
EX-10.1 3 dex101.htm VICE CHAIRMAN EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT Vice Chairman Employment Agreement

Exhibit 10.1

 

TIVO INC.

 

VICE CHAIRMAN EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

 

THIS AGREEMENT is made by TIVO INC., (“TiVo”) and Thomas S. Rogers (“Rogers”), an individual, effective as of the 11th day of October, 2004 (the “Effective Date”), for the purpose of setting forth the terms and conditions pursuant to which Rogers will render services to TiVo as an employee on a part-time basis.

 

WHEREAS the Board of Directors of TiVo (the “Board”) has appointed Rogers to serve as Vice Chairman (“Vice Chairman”) of the Board; and

 

WHEREAS the Board has directed that TiVo enter into this Agreement with Rogers setting forth certain terms and conditions with respect to such appointment.

 

NOW THEREFORE in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual obligations specified in this Agreement, and any compensation paid to Rogers for board-related services as Vice Chairman, the parties agree to the following:

 

1. Appointment/Term. Rogers shall be and hereby is appointed to serve as Vice Chairman of the Board. In addition, TiVo hereby retains Rogers as a part-time employee. Rogers shall serve in such roles until the twelve-month anniversary of the Effective Date, unless this Agreement is sooner terminated by Rogers or the Board pursuant to Section 4 of this Agreement.

 

2. Reporting/Duties. During the term of this Agreement, Rogers shall report directly and exclusively to the Board, with oversight from the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Board (the “Nominating and Governance Committee”). During the term of this Agreement, Rogers shall perform such duties as he is directed by the Nominating and Governance Committee or the Board relating to director oversight of management and personnel issues. At all times during the term of this Agreement, Rogers shall perform such duties to TiVo hereunder as an employee of TiVo.

 

3. Compensation. TiVo shall compensate Rogers for services performed for the Board under this Agreement as follows:

 

(a) Stock Option. Upon approval of the Board, Rogers shall be granted a non-qualified stock option exercisable for the purchase of an aggregate of 250,000 shares of common stock of TiVo (the “Option”) at a price per share equal to the fair market value of TiVo’s $0.001 par value common stock (the “Common Stock”) on the date the Option is granted. Subject to Rogers’ continued service under this Agreement or as a Board member through each such date and except as provided in Section 4, the Option shall be vested and exercisable as follows: 83,333 shares of Common Stock shall vest and be exercisable as of its date of grant; an additional 83,333 shares of Common Stock shall vest and be exercisable on the 90-day anniversary of the Effective Date; and an additional 83,334 shares of Common Stock shall vest and be exercisable on the 180-day anniversary of the Effective Date. Subject to Section 4(b) below, the Option shall otherwise be subject to the terms and conditions of TiVo’s 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (the “1999 Plan”) and the customary form of option agreement used by TiVo in connection with awards thereunder.

 

(b) Cash. Rogers shall receive $33,333 payable as soon as practicable after the Effective Date. Subject to Rogers’ continued service under this Agreement or as a Board member through each such date and except as provided in Section 4, Rogers shall receive $33,333 on the 90 day anniversary of the Effective Date and shall receive an additional $33,334 on the 180-day anniversary of the Effective Date.

 

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(c) Expenses. Rogers shall be entitled to reimbursement by TiVo of reasonable business expenses incurred by Rogers in connection with the performance of services to the Board under this Agreement and properly submitted to TiVo in accordance with TiVo’s customary reimbursement procedures.

 

(d) Board Compensation. In addition to the compensation described above, during the term of this Agreement, Rogers shall be paid $2,000 for each Nominating and Governance Committee meeting that Rogers attends in person or by phone. Compensation payable to Rogers under this Agreement shall not offset or reduce any compensation payable to Rogers in his capacity as a member of the Board.

 

4. Termination. This Agreement and Rogers’ services as part-time employee shall automatically terminate on the twelve-month anniversary of the Effective Date unless TiVo and Rogers mutually agree to extend such service on terms and conditions to be negotiated at such time. This Agreement and Rogers’ services as a part-time employee may be terminated sooner by either Rogers or the Board or Nominating and Governance Committee at any time, with or without prior notice and for any or no reason whatsoever. This at-will employment relationship cannot be changed except in writing signed by an authorized representative of the Board. Upon the termination of his Agreement, Rogers shall immediately cease to serve as Vice Chairman and in the event terminated prior to the twelve-month anniversary of the Effective Date Rogers shall be entitled to additional compensation hereunder, if any, as follows:

 

(a) In the event this Agreement is terminated by Rogers (and not by the Board or Nominating and Governance Committee) pursuant to his resignation or otherwise, Rogers shall receive no additional cash compensation (other than reimbursement for reasonable business expenses incurred prior to the date of termination), the Option shall cease to vest and the Option shall be exercisable until the three-month anniversary of Rogers ceasing to provide “Continuous Service” to TiVo (within the meaning of the 1999 Plan).

 

(b) In the event this Agreement is terminated by the Board or Nominating and Governance Committee, Rogers (i) shall receive the next scheduled cash payment described in Section 2(b), if any; (ii) shall be entitled to reimbursement for reasonable business expenses incurred prior to the date of termination and (iii) shall become vested in one additional installment of shares subject to the Option, if any. In any event, the Option shall be exercisable until the three-month anniversary of Rogers ceasing to provide “Continuous Service” to TiVo (within the meaning of the 1999 Plan as in effect on the date hereof); provided that in the event of Rogers’ involuntary termination of service to the Board, the Option shall be exercisable until the later of (i) the eighteen-month anniversary of the date of grant of the Option or (ii) the three-month anniversary of Rogers’ involuntary termination of service to the Board. For purposes of this agreement “involuntary termination” of Rogers’ service to the Board shall mean Rogers’ removal from the Board by TiVo’s stockholders or Rogers’ failure to be nominated for re-election to the Board (and shall exclude Rogers’ removal from or cessation of services to the Board in connection with his commission of fraud or conviction for a felony crime).

 

5. Miscellaneous. As a TiVo employee, Rogers will be expected to abide by TiVo’s rules and regulations, and sign and comply with the Proprietary Information and Inventions Agreement, which prohibits unauthorized use or disclosure of TiVo proprietary information. The employment terms in this letter supersede any other agreements or promises made to Rogers by anyone, whether written or oral, regarding Rogers’ employment by TiVo. As required by law, this

 

2


offer is subject to satisfactory proof of Rogers’ right to work in the United States. As a part-time employee of TiVo, Rogers is not, and shall not become, eligible to participate in any benefit program made available to TiVo employees. Rogers’ employment by TRget Media, LLC or any other entity shall not be a violation of this Agreement.

 

[Signature page follows]

 

3


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the Effective Date first set forth above.

 

TIVO, INC.        
By:  

/s/ Michael Ramsay


  By:  

/s/ Thomas S. Rogers


Name:   Michael Ramsay   Name:   Thomas S. Rogers
Title:   Chairman of the Board and CEO   Date:   10/12/2004
Date:   10/12/2004        

 

4

EX-10.2 4 dex102.htm TIVO INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED 1999 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN TiVo Inc. Amended and Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan

EXHIBIT 10.2

 

TIVO INC.

 

1999 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

 

Adopted March 16, 1999

Approved By Stockholders April 9, 1999

Amended and Restated on July 14, 1999

Approved By Stockholders July 14, 1999

Amended and Restated on December 8, 2004

Stockholder Approval Not Required

 

1. PURPOSES.

 

(a) Amendment and Restatement. The Plan initially was established effective as of March 16, 1999 (the “Initial Plan”). The Initial Plan hereby is amended and restated in its entirety effective as of the date of its adoption. The terms of the Initial Plan (other than the aggregate number of shares issuable thereunder) shall remain in effect and apply to all Stock Awards granted pursuant to the Initial Plan.

 

(b) Eligible Stock Award Recipients. The persons eligible to receive Stock Awards are the Employees, Directors and Consultants of the Company and its Affiliates.

 

(c) Available Stock Awards. The purpose of the Plan is to provide a means by which eligible recipients of Stock Awards may be given an opportunity to benefit from increases in value of the Common Stock through the granting of the following Stock Awards: (i) Incentive Stock Options, (ii) Nonstatutory Stock Options, (iii) stock bonuses and (iv) rights to acquire restricted stock.

 

(d) General Purpose. The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to retain the services of the group of persons eligible to receive Stock Awards, to secure and retain the services of new members of this group and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and its Affiliates.

 

2. DEFINITIONS.

 

(a) “Affiliate” means any parent corporation or subsidiary corporation of the Company, whether now or hereafter existing, as those terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and (f), respectively, of the Code.

 

(b) “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(c) “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

1


(d) “Committee” means a committee of one or more members of the Board appointed by the Board in accordance with subsection 3(c).

 

(e) “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company.

 

(f) “Company” means TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation.

 

(g) “Consultant” means any person, including an advisor, (i) engaged by the Company or an Affiliate to render consulting or advisory services and who is compensated for such services or (ii) who is a member of the Board of Directors of an Affiliate. However, the term “Consultant” shall not include either Directors who are not compensated by the Company for their services as Directors or Directors who are merely paid a director’s fee by the Company for their services as Directors.

 

(h) “Continuous Service” means that the Participant’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant, is not interrupted or terminated. The Participant’s Continuous Service shall not be deemed to have terminated merely because of a change in the capacity in which the Participant renders service to the Company or an Affiliate as an Employee, Consultant or Director or a change in the entity for which the Participant renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service. For example, a change in status from an Employee of the Company to a Consultant of an Affiliate or a Director will not constitute an interruption of Continuous Service. The Board or the chief executive officer of the Company, in that party’s sole discretion, may determine whether Continuous Service shall be considered interrupted in the case of any leave of absence approved by that party, including sick leave, military leave or any other personal leave.

 

(i) “Covered Employee” means the chief executive officer and the four (4) other highest compensated officers of the Company for whom total compensation is required to be reported to stockholders under the Exchange Act, as determined for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Code.

 

(j) “Director” means a member of the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(k) “Disability” means the permanent and total disability of a person within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code.

 

(l) “Employee” means any person employed by the Company or an Affiliate. Mere service as a Director or payment of a director’s fee by the Company or an Affiliate shall not be sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company or an Affiliate.

 

(m) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

2


(n) “Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the value of the Common Stock determined as follows:

 

(i) If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or traded on the Nasdaq National Market or the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock shall be the closing sales price for such stock (or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such exchange or market (or the exchange or market with the greatest volume of trading in the Common Stock) on the day of determination (or the next day on which sales were reported if none were reported on such date), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Board deems reliable.

 

(ii) In the absence of such markets for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by the Board.

 

(o) “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(p) “Listing Date” means the first date upon which any security of the Company is listed (or approved for listing) upon notice of issuance on any securities exchange or designated (or approved for designation) upon notice of issuance as a national market security on an interdealer quotation system if such securities exchange or interdealer quotation system has been certified in accordance with the provisions of Section 25100(o) of the California Corporate Securities Law of 1968.

 

(q) “Non-Employee Director” means a Director who either (i) is not a current Employee or Officer of the Company or its parent or a subsidiary, does not receive compensation (directly or indirectly) from the Company or its parent or a subsidiary for services rendered as a consultant or in any capacity other than as a Director (except for an amount as to which disclosure would not be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act (“Regulation S-K”)), does not possess an interest in any other transaction as to which disclosure would be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K and is not engaged in a business relationship as to which disclosure would be required under Item 404(b) of Regulation S-K; or (ii) is otherwise considered a “non-employee director” for purposes of Rule 16b-3.

 

(r) “Nonstatutory Stock Option” means an Option not intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.

 

(s) “Officer” means a person who is an officer of the Company within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(t) “Option” means an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option granted pursuant to the Plan.

 

(u) “Option Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and an Optionholder evidencing the terms and conditions of an individual Option grant. Each Option Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

 

3


(v) “Optionholder” means a person to whom an Option is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Option.

 

(w) “Outside Director” means a Director who either (i) is not a current employee of the Company or an “affiliated corporation” (within the meaning of Treasury Regulations promulgated under Section 162(m) of the Code), is not a former employee of the Company or an “affiliated corporation” receiving compensation for prior services (other than benefits under a tax qualified pension plan), was not an officer of the Company or an “affiliated corporation” at any time and is not currently receiving direct or indirect remuneration from the Company or an “affiliated corporation” for services in any capacity other than as a Director or (ii) is otherwise considered an “outside director” for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Code.

 

(x) “Participant” means a person to whom a Stock Award is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Stock Award.

 

(y) “Plan” means this TiVo Inc. 1999 Equity Incentive Plan.

 

(z) “Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect from time to time.

 

(aa) “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

(bb) “Stock Award” means any right granted under the Plan, including an Option, a stock bonus and a right to acquire restricted stock.

 

(cc) “Stock Award Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of a Stock Award evidencing the terms and conditions of an individual Stock Award grant. Each Stock Award Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

 

(dd) “Ten Percent Stockholder” means a person who owns (or is deemed to own pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code) stock possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or of any of its Affiliates.

 

3. ADMINISTRATION.

 

(a) Administration by Board. The Board shall administer the Plan unless and until the Board delegates administration to a Committee, as provided in subsection 3(c). Any interpretation of the Plan by the Board and any decision by the Board under the Plan shall be final and binding on all persons.

 

(b) Powers of Board. The Board shall have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan:

 

(i) To determine from time to time which of the persons eligible under the Plan shall be granted Stock Awards; when and how each Stock Award shall be granted; what type or combination of types of Stock Award shall be granted; the provisions of each Stock

 

4


Award granted (which need not be identical), including the time or times when a person shall be permitted to receive Common Stock pursuant to a Stock Award; and the number of shares of Common Stock with respect to which a Stock Award shall be granted to each such person.

 

(ii) To construe and interpret the Plan and Stock Awards granted under it, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for its administration. The Board, in the exercise of this power, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan or in any Stock Award Agreement, in a manner and to the extent it shall deem necessary or expedient to make the Plan fully effective.

 

(iii) To amend the Plan or a Stock Award as provided in Section 12.

 

(iv) Generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as the Board deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company which are not in conflict with the provisions of the Plan.

 

(c) Delegation to Committee.

 

(i) General. The Board may delegate administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees of one (1) or more members of the Board, and the term “Committee” shall apply to any person or persons to whom such authority has been delegated. If administration is delegated to a Committee, the Committee shall have, in connection with the administration of the Plan, the powers theretofore possessed by the Board, including the power to delegate to a subcommittee any of the administrative powers the Committee is authorized to exercise (and references in this Plan to the Board shall thereafter be to the Committee or subcommittee), subject, however, to such resolutions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be adopted from time to time by the Board. The Board may abolish the Committee at any time and revest in the Board the administration of the Plan.

 

(ii) Committee Composition when Common Stock is Publicly Traded. At such time as the Common Stock is publicly traded, in the discretion of the Board, a Committee may consist solely of two or more Outside Directors, in accordance with Section 162(m) of the Code, and/or solely of two or more Non-Employee Directors, in accordance with Rule 16b-3. Within the scope of such authority, the Board or the Committee may (1) delegate to a committee of one or more members of the Board who are not Outside Directors the authority to grant Stock Awards to eligible persons who are either (a) not then Covered Employees and are not expected to be Covered Employees at the time of recognition of income resulting from such Stock Award or (b) not persons with respect to whom the Company wishes to comply with Section 162(m) of the Code and/or) (2) delegate to a committee of one or more members of the Board who are not Non-Employee Directors the authority to grant Stock Awards to eligible persons who are not then subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

 

4. SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN.

 

(a) Share Reserve. Subject to the provisions of Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in Common Stock, the Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Stock Awards shall not exceed in the aggregate four million two hundred thousand (4,200,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

5


(b) Additional Shares. The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Options granted under the Plan as specified in subsection 4(a) shall automatically be increased as follows:

 

(i) For a period of ten (10) years, commencing on December 31, 1999 and ending on December 31, 2008, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock specified in paragraph 4(a) hereof automatically shall be increased each December 31 (the “Calculation Date”) by the greater of (1) seven percent (7%) of the Diluted Shares Outstanding on the Calculation Date, or (2) four million (4,000,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

(ii) For purposes of subsection 4(a)(i), “Diluted Shares Outstanding” means the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock on the Calculation Date, plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the Calculation Date assuming the conversion of all outstanding Preferred Stock and convertible notes, plus the additional number of dilutive Common Stock equivalent shares outstanding as the result of any options or warrants outstanding during the prior 12-month period, calculated using the treasury stock method.

 

(iii) The maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that are available for issuance as Incentive Stock Options under the Plan shall not exceed forty million (40,000,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

(c) Reversion of Shares to the Share Reserve. If any Stock Award shall for any reason expire or otherwise terminate, in whole or in part, without having been exercised in full, the shares of Common Stock not acquired under such Stock Award shall revert to and again become available for issuance under the Plan.

 

(d) Source of Shares. The shares of Common Stock subject to the Plan may be unissued shares or reacquired shares, bought on the market or otherwise.

 

5. ELIGIBILITY.

 

(a) Eligibility for Specific Stock Awards. Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to Employees. Stock Awards other than Incentive Stock Options may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants.

 

(b) Ten Percent Stockholders. A Ten Percent Stockholder shall not be granted an Incentive Stock Option unless the exercise price of such Option is at least one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the date of grant and the Option is not exercisable after the expiration of five (5) years from the date of grant.

 

(c) Section 162(m) Limitation. Subject to the provisions of Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in the shares of Common Stock, no Employee shall be eligible to be granted Options covering more than one million (1,000,000) shares of Common Stock during

 

6


any calendar year. This subsection 5(c) shall not apply prior to the Listing Date and, following the Listing Date, this subsection 5(c) shall not apply until (i) the earliest of: (1) the first material modification of the Plan (including any increase in the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Plan in accordance with Section 4); (2) the issuance of all of the shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Plan; (3) the expiration of the Plan; or (4) the first meeting of stockholders at which Directors are to be elected that occurs after the close of the third calendar year following the calendar year in which occurred the first registration of an equity security under Section 12 of the Exchange Act; or (ii) such other date required by Section 162(m) of the Code and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(d) Consultants.

 

(i) A Consultant shall not be eligible for the grant of a Stock Award if, at the time of grant, a Form S-8 Registration Statement under the Securities Act (“Form S-8”) is not available to register either the offer or the sale of the Company’s securities to such Consultant because of the nature of the services that the Consultant is providing to the Company, or because the Consultant is not a natural person, or as otherwise provided by the rules governing the use of Form S-8, unless the Company determines both (i) that such grant (A) shall be registered in another manner under the Securities Act (e.g., on a Form S-3 Registration Statement) or (B) does not require registration under the Securities Act in order to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act, if applicable, and (ii) that such grant complies with the securities laws of all other relevant jurisdictions.

 

(ii) Rule 701 and Form S-8 generally are available to consultants and advisors only if (1) they are natural persons; (2) they provide bona fide services to the issuer, its parents, its majority-owned subsidiaries or (for Rule 701 purposes only) majority-owned subsidiaries of the issuer’s parent; and (3) the services are not in connection with the offer or sale of securities in a capital-raising transaction, and do not directly or indirectly promote or maintain a market for the issuer’s securities.

 

6. OPTION PROVISIONS.

 

Each Option shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Board shall deem appropriate. All Options shall be separately designated Incentive Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options at the time of grant, and, if certificates are issued, a separate certificate or certificates will be issued for shares of Common Stock purchased on exercise of each type of Option. The provisions of separate Options need not be identical, but each Option shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the Option or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:

 

(a) Term. Subject to the provisions of subsection 5(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, no Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date it was granted.

 

(b) Exercise Price of an Incentive Stock Option. Subject to the provisions of subsection 5(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, the exercise price of each Incentive Stock

 

7


Option shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Option on the date the Option is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Incentive Stock Option may be granted with an exercise price lower than that set forth in the preceding sentence if such Option is granted pursuant to an assumption or substitution for another option in a manner satisfying the provisions of Section 424(a) of the Code.

 

(c) Exercise Price of a Nonstatutory Stock Option. The exercise price of each Nonstatutory Stock Option shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Option on the date the Option is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Nonstatutory Stock Option may be granted with an exercise price lower than that set forth in the preceding sentence if such Option is granted pursuant to an assumption or substitution for another option in a manner satisfying the provisions of Section 424(a) of the Code.

 

(d) Consideration. The purchase price of Common Stock acquired pursuant to an Option shall be paid, to the extent permitted by applicable statutes and regulations, either (i) in cash at the time the Option is exercised or (ii) at the discretion of the Board at the time of the grant of the Option (or subsequently in the case of a Nonstatutory Stock Option) (1) by delivery to the Company of other Common Stock which, in the case of Common Stock acquired from the Company, has been held such minimum period as necessary to avoid adverse accounting consequences for the Company or (2) in any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board; provided, however, that at any time that the Company is incorporated in Delaware, payment of the Common Stock’s “par value,” as defined in the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall not be made by deferred payment.

 

(e) Transferability of an Incentive Stock Option. An Incentive Stock Option shall not be transferable except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution and shall be exercisable during the lifetime of the Optionholder only by the Optionholder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Optionholder may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, designate a third party who, in the event of the death of the Optionholder, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise the Option.

 

(f) Transferability of a Nonstatutory Stock Option. A Nonstatutory Stock Option shall be transferable to the extent provided in the Option Agreement. If the Nonstatutory Stock Option does not provide for transferability, then the Nonstatutory Stock Option shall not be transferable except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution and shall be exercisable during the lifetime of the Optionholder only by the Optionholder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Optionholder may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, designate a third party who, in the event of the death of the Optionholder, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise the Option.

 

(g) Vesting Generally. The total number of shares of Common Stock subject to an Option may, but need not, vest and therefore become exercisable in periodic installments that may, but need not, be equal. The Option may be subject to such other terms and conditions on the time or times when it may be exercised (which may be based on performance or other

 

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criteria) as the Board may deem appropriate. The vesting provisions of individual Options may vary. The provisions of this subsection 6(g) are subject to any Option provisions governing the minimum number of shares of Common Stock as to which an Option may be exercised.

 

(h) Termination of Continuous Service. In the event an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates (other than upon the Optionholder’s death or Disability), the Optionholder may exercise his or her Option (to the extent that the Optionholder was entitled to exercise such Option as of the date of termination) but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date three (3) months following the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Option Agreement, which period shall not be less than thirty (30) days for Options granted prior to the Listing Date unless such termination is for cause), or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after termination, the Optionholder does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified in the Option Agreement, the Option shall terminate.

 

(i) Extension of Termination Date. An Optionholder’s Option Agreement may also provide that if the exercise of the Option following the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service (other than upon the Optionholder’s death or Disability) would be prohibited at any time solely because the issuance of shares of Common Stock would violate the registration requirements under the Securities Act, then the Option shall terminate on the earlier of (i) the expiration of the term of the Option set forth in subsection 6(a) or (ii) the expiration of a period of three (3) months after the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service during which the exercise of the Option would not be in violation of such registration requirements.

 

(j) Disability of Optionholder. In the event that an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Optionholder’s Disability, the Optionholder may exercise his or her Option (to the extent that the Optionholder was entitled to exercise such Option as of the date of termination), but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date twelve (12) months following such termination (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Option Agreement, which period shall not be less than six (6) months for Options granted prior to the Listing Date) or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after termination, the Optionholder does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

 

(k) Death of Optionholder. In the event (i) an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Optionholder’s death or (ii) the Optionholder dies within the period (if any) specified in the Option Agreement after the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service for a reason other than death, then the Option may be exercised (to the extent the Optionholder was entitled to exercise such Option as of the date of death) by the Optionholder’s estate, by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance or by a person designated to exercise the option upon the Optionholder’s death pursuant to subsection 6(e) or 6(f), but only within the period ending on the earlier of (1) the date eighteen (18) months following the date of death (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Option Agreement, which period shall not be less than six (6) months for Options granted

 

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prior to the Listing Date) or (2) the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after death, the Option is not exercised within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

 

(l) Early Exercise. The Option may, but need not, include a provision whereby the Optionholder may elect at any time before the Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates to exercise the Option as to any part or all of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Option prior to the full vesting of the Option. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), any unvested shares of Common Stock so purchased may be subject to a repurchase option in favor of the Company or to any other restriction the Board determines to be appropriate.

 

(m) Re-Load Options. Without in any way limiting the authority of the Board to make or not to make grants of Options hereunder, the Board shall have the authority (but not an obligation) to include as part of any Option Agreement a provision entitling the Optionholder to a further Option (a “Re-Load Option”) in the event the Optionholder exercises the Option evidenced by the Option Agreement, in whole or in part, by surrendering other shares of Common Stock in accordance with this Plan and the terms and conditions of the Option Agreement. Any such Re-Load Option shall (i) provide for a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of shares of Common Stock surrendered as part or all of the exercise price of such Option; (ii) have an expiration date which is the same as the expiration date of the Option the exercise of which gave rise to such Re-Load Option; and (iii) have an exercise price which is equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Re-Load Option on the date of exercise of the original Option. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Re-Load Option shall be subject to the same exercise price and term provisions heretofore described for Options under the Plan.

 

Any such Re-Load Option may be an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option, as the Board may designate at the time of the grant of the original Option; provided, however, that the designation of any Re-Load Option as an Incentive Stock Option shall be subject to the one hundred thousand dollar ($100,000) annual limitation on the exercisability of Incentive Stock Options described in subsection 10(d) and in Section 422(d) of the Code. There shall be no Re-Load Options on a Re-Load Option. Any such Re-Load Option shall be subject to the availability of sufficient shares of Common Stock under subsection 4(a) and the “Section 162(m) Limitation” on the grants of Options under subsection 5(c) and shall be subject to such other terms and conditions as the Board may determine which are not inconsistent with the express provisions of the Plan regarding the terms of Options.

 

7. PROVISIONS OF STOCK AWARDS OTHER THAN OPTIONS.

 

(a) Stock Bonus Awards. Each stock bonus agreement shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Board shall deem appropriate. The terms and conditions of stock bonus agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate stock bonus agreements need not be identical, but each stock bonus agreement shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:

 

(i) Consideration. A stock bonus may be awarded in consideration for past services actually rendered to the Company or an Affiliate for its benefit.

 

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(ii) Vesting. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), shares of Common Stock awarded under the stock bonus agreement may, but need not, be subject to a share repurchase option in favor of the Company in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Board.

 

(iii) Termination of Participant’s Continuous Service. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), in the event a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates, the Company may reacquire any or all of the shares of Common Stock held by the Participant which have not vested as of the date of termination under the terms of the stock bonus agreement.

 

(iv) Transferability. For a stock bonus award, rights to acquire shares of Common Stock under the stock bonus agreement shall be transferable by the Participant only upon such terms and conditions as are set forth in the stock bonus agreement, as the Board shall determine in its discretion, so long as Common Stock awarded under the stock bonus agreement remains subject to the terms of the stock bonus agreement.

 

(b) Restricted Stock Awards. Each restricted stock purchase agreement shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Board shall deem appropriate. The terms and conditions of the restricted stock purchase agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate restricted stock purchase agreements need not be identical, but each restricted stock purchase agreement shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:

 

(i) Purchase Price. Subject to the provisions of subsection 5(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, the purchase price under each restricted stock purchase agreement shall be such amount as the Board shall determine and designate in such restricted stock purchase agreement. For restricted stock awards made, the purchase price shall not be less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Common Stock’s Fair Market Value on the date such award is made or at the time the purchase is consummated.

 

(ii) Consideration. The purchase price of Common Stock acquired pursuant to the restricted stock purchase agreement shall be paid either: (i) in cash at the time of purchase; or (ii) in any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board in its discretion; provided, however, that at any time that the Company is incorporated in Delaware, then payment of the Common Stock’s “par value,” as defined in the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall not be made by deferred payment.

 

(iii) Vesting. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), shares of Common Stock acquired under the restricted stock purchase agreement may, but need not, be subject to a share repurchase option in favor of the Company in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Board.

 

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(iv) Termination of Participant’s Continuous Service. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), in the event a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates, the Company may repurchase or otherwise reacquire any or all of the shares of Common Stock held by the Participant which have not vested as of the date of termination under the terms of the restricted stock purchase agreement.

 

(v) Transferability. For a restricted stock award, rights to acquire shares of Common Stock under the restricted stock purchase agreement shall be transferable by the Participant only upon such terms and conditions as are set forth in the restricted stock purchase agreement, as the Board shall determine in its discretion, so long as Common Stock awarded under the restricted stock purchase agreement remains subject to the terms of the restricted stock purchase agreement.

 

8. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY.

 

(a) Availability of Shares. During the terms of the Stock Awards, the Company shall keep available at all times the number of shares of Common Stock required to satisfy such Stock Awards.

 

(b) Securities Law Compliance. The Company shall seek to obtain from each regulatory commission or agency having jurisdiction over the Plan such authority as may be required to grant Stock Awards and to issue and sell shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Stock Awards; provided, however, that this undertaking shall not require the Company to register under the Securities Act the Plan, any Stock Award or any Common Stock issued or issuable pursuant to any such Stock Award. If, after reasonable efforts, the Company is unable to obtain from any such regulatory commission or agency the authority which counsel for the Company deems necessary for the lawful issuance and sale of Common Stock under the Plan, the Company shall be relieved from any liability for failure to issue and sell Common Stock upon exercise of such Stock Awards unless and until such authority is obtained.

 

9. USE OF PROCEEDS FROM STOCK.

 

Proceeds from the sale of Common Stock pursuant to Stock Awards shall constitute general funds of the Company.

 

10. MISCELLANEOUS.

 

(a) Acceleration of Exercisability and Vesting. The Board shall have the power to accelerate the time at which a Stock Award may first be exercised or the time during which a Stock Award or any part thereof will vest in accordance with the Plan, notwithstanding the provisions in the Stock Award stating the time at which it may first be exercised or the time during which it will vest.

 

(b) Stockholder Rights. No Participant shall be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares of Common Stock subject to such Stock Award unless and until such Participant has satisfied all requirements for exercise of the Stock Award pursuant to its terms.

 

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(c) No Employment or other Service Rights. Nothing in the Plan or any instrument executed or Stock Award granted pursuant thereto shall confer upon any Participant any right to continue to serve the Company or an Affiliate in the capacity in effect at the time the Stock Award was granted or shall affect the right of the Company or an Affiliate to terminate (i) the employment of an Employee with or without notice and with or without cause, (ii) the service of a Consultant pursuant to the terms of such Consultant’s agreement with the Company or an Affiliate or (iii) the service of a Director pursuant to the Bylaws of the Company or an Affiliate, and any applicable provisions of the corporate law of the state in which the Company or the Affiliate is incorporated, as the case may be.

 

(d) Incentive Stock Option $100,000 Limitation. To the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined at the time of grant) of Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by any Optionholder during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and its Affiliates) exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), the Options or portions thereof which exceed such limit (according to the order in which they were granted) shall be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options.

 

(e) Investment Assurances. The Company may require a Participant, as a condition of exercising or acquiring Common Stock under any Stock Award, (i) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company as to the Participant’s knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and/or to employ a purchaser representative reasonably satisfactory to the Company who is knowledgeable and experienced in financial and business matters and that he or she is capable of evaluating, alone or together with the purchaser representative, the merits and risks of exercising the Stock Award; and (ii) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company stating that the Participant is acquiring Common Stock subject to the Stock Award for the Participant’s own account and not with any present intention of selling or otherwise distributing the Common Stock. The foregoing requirements, and any assurances given pursuant to such requirements, shall be inoperative if (iii) the issuance of the shares of Common Stock upon the exercise or acquisition of Common Stock under the Stock Award has been registered under a then currently effective registration statement under the Securities Act or (iv) as to any particular requirement, a determination is made by counsel for the Company that such requirement need not be met in the circumstances under the then applicable securities laws. The Company may, upon advice of counsel to the Company, place legends on stock certificates issued under the Plan as such counsel deems necessary or appropriate in order to comply with applicable securities laws, including, but not limited to, legends restricting the transfer of the Common Stock.

 

(f) Withholding Obligations. To the extent provided by the terms of a Stock Award Agreement, the Participant may satisfy any federal, state or local tax withholding obligation relating to the exercise or acquisition of Common Stock under a Stock Award by any of the following means (in addition to the Company’s right to withhold from any compensation paid to the Participant by the Company) or by a combination of such means: (i) tendering a cash

 

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payment; (ii) authorizing the Company to withhold shares of Common Stock from the shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to the participant as a result of the exercise or acquisition of Common Stock under the Stock Award in an amount not to exceed the minimum amount of tax required to be withheld by law; or (iii) delivering to the Company owned and unencumbered shares of Common Stock.

 

(g) Repurchase Limitation. The terms of any repurchase option shall be specified in the Stock Award and may be either at Fair Market Value at the time of repurchase or at not less than the original purchase price.

 

(h) Cancellation and Re-Grant of Options.

 

(i) Authority to Reprice. The Board shall have the authority to effect, at any time and from time to time, (1) the repricing of any outstanding Options under the Plan and/or (2) with the consent of any adversely affected holders of Options, the cancellation of any outstanding Options under the Plan and the grant in substitution therefor of new Options under the Plan covering the same or different numbers of shares of Common Stock. The exercise price per share of Common Stock shall be not less than that specified under the Plan for newly granted Stock Awards. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may grant an Option with an exercise price lower than that set forth above if such Option is granted as part of a transaction to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies.

 

(ii) Effect of Repricing under Section 162(m) of the Code. Shares of Common Stock subject to an Option which is amended or canceled in order to set a lower exercise price per share of Common Stock shall continue to be counted against the maximum award of Options permitted to be granted pursuant to subsection 5(c). The repricing of an Option under this subsection resulting in a reduction of the exercise price shall be deemed to be a cancellation of the original Option and the grant of a substitute Option; in the event of such repricing, both the original and the substituted Options shall be counted against the maximum awards of Options permitted to be granted pursuant to subsection 5(c). The provisions of this subsection shall be applicable only to the extent required by Section 162(m) of the Code.

 

11. Adjustments upon Changes in Stock.

 

(a) Capitalization Adjustments. If any change is made in the Common Stock subject to the Plan, or subject to any Stock Award, without the receipt of consideration by the Company (through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or other transaction not involving the receipt of consideration by the Company), the Plan will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject to the Plan and available for Incentive Stock Options pursuant to subsections 4(a) and 4(b) and the maximum number of securities subject to award to any employee pursuant to subsection 5(c), and the outstanding Stock Awards will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and number of securities and price per share of Common Stock subject to such outstanding Stock Awards. The Board shall make such adjustments, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive. (The conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be treated as a transaction “without receipt of consideration” by the Company.)

 

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(b) Change in Control—Dissolution or Liquidation. In the event of a dissolution or liquidation of the Company, then all outstanding Stock Awards shall terminate immediately prior to such event.

 

(c) Change in Control—Asset Sale, Stock Sale, Merger, Consolidation or Reverse Merger. In the event of (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Company of the voting stock of the Company to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote; (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation or (iv) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise, then any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation shall assume any Stock Awards outstanding under the Plan or shall substitute similar stock awards (including an award to acquire the same consideration paid to the stockholders in the transaction described in this subsection 11(c)) for those outstanding under the Plan. In the event any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation refuses to assume such Stock Awards or to substitute similar stock awards for those outstanding under the Plan, then with respect to Stock Awards held by Participants whose Continuous Service has not terminated, the vesting of such Stock Awards (and, if applicable, the time during which such Stock Awards may be exercised) shall be accelerated in full, and the Stock Awards shall terminate if not exercised (if applicable) at or prior to such event. With respect to any other Stock Awards outstanding under the Plan, such Stock Awards shall terminate if not exercised (if applicable) prior to such event.

 

(d) Special Acceleration Provisions. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Plan to the contrary, in the event of a Change in Control (as such term is defined below) and if within thirteen (13) months after the date of such Change in Control the Continuous Service of a Participant terminates due to an involuntary termination (not including death or Disability) without Cause (as such term is defined below) or a voluntary termination by the Participant due to a Constructive Termination (as such term is defined below), then the vesting and exercisability of all Stock Awards held by such Participant shall be accelerated, or any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to a Stock Award shall lapse, as follows. With respect to those Stock Awards held by a Participant who is a Designated Grantee (as such term is defined below) at the time of such termination, fifty percent (50%) of the unvested shares covered by such Stock Awards shall vest and become exercisable (or reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company shall lapse with respect to fifty percent (50%) of the shares still subject to such rights, as appropriate) as of the date of such termination. With respect to those Stock Awards held by all other Participants, twenty-five percent (25%) of the unvested shares covered by such Stock Awards shall vest and become exercisable (or reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company shall lapse with respect to twenty-five percent (25%) of the unvested shares still subject to such rights, as appropriate) as of the date of such termination.

 

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, if such potential acceleration of the vesting and exercisability of Stock Awards (or lapse of reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to Stock Awards) would cause a contemplated Change in Control transaction that would otherwise be eligible to be accounted for as a “pooling-of-interests” transaction to become ineligible for such accounting treatment under generally accepted accounting principles as determined by the Company’s independent public accountants (the “Accountants”) prior to the Change of Control, such acceleration shall not occur.

 

For the purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, Cause means (i) conviction of, a guilty plea with respect to, or a plea of nolo contendere to a charge that a Participant has committed a felony under the laws of the United States or of any state or a crime involving moral turpitude, including, but not limited to, fraud, theft, embezzlement or any crime that results in or is intended to result in personal enrichment at the expense of the Company or an Affiliate; (ii) material breach of any agreement entered into between the Participant and the Company or an Affiliate that impairs the Company’s or the Affiliate’s interest therein; (iii) willful misconduct, significant failure of the Participant to perform the Participant’s duties, or gross neglect by the Participant of the Participant’s duties; or (iv) engagement in any activity that constitutes a material conflict of interest with the Company or any Affiliate.

 

For purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, Change in Control means: (i) a dissolution or liquidation of the Company; (ii) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; (iii) a sale by the stockholders of the Company of the voting stock of the Company to another corporation or its subsidiaries that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote; (iv) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation and in which beneficial ownership of securities of the Company representing at least fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power entitled to vote in the election of Directors has changed; (v) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise, and in which beneficial ownership of securities of the Company representing at least fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power entitled to vote in the election of Directors has changed or (vi) an acquisition by any person, entity or group within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act, or any comparable successor provisions (excluding any employee benefit plan, or related trust, sponsored or maintained by the Company or subsidiary of the Company or other entity controlled by the Company) of the beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, or comparable successor rule) of securities of the Company representing at least fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power entitled to vote in the election of Directors; or (vii) in the event that the individuals who, as of the Listing Date, are members of the Company’s Board (the “Incumbent Board”), cease for any reason to constitute at least fifty percent (50%) of the Board. (If the election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, of any new Director is approved by a vote of at least fifty percent (50%) of the Incumbent Board, such new Director shall be considered to be a member of the Incumbent Board in the future.) For purposes of this subsection 11(d), Change in Control does not include the initial public offering of the securities of the Company (the “IPO”), nor does it include any event, transaction or series of transactions constituting part of the IPO or an attempted IPO.

 

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For purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, Constructive Termination means the occurrence of any of the following events or conditions: (i) (A) a change in the Participant’s status, title, position or responsibilities (including reporting responsibilities) which represents an adverse change from the Participant’s status, title, position or responsibilities as in effect at any time within ninety (90) days preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time thereafter; (B) the assignment to the Participant of any duties or responsibilities which are inconsistent with the Participant’s status, title, position or responsibilities as in effect at any time within ninety (90) days preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time thereafter; or (C) any removal of the Participant from or failure to reappoint or reelect the Participant to any of such offices or positions, except in connection with the termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service for Cause, as a result of the Participant’s Disability or death or by the Participant other than as a result of Constructive Termination; (ii) a reduction in the Participant’s annual base compensation or any failure to pay the Participant any compensation or benefits to which the Participant is entitled within five (5) days of the date due; (iii) the Company’s requiring the Participant to relocate to any place outside a fifty (50) mile radius of the Participant’s current work site, except for reasonably required travel on the business of the Company or its Affiliates which is not materially greater than such travel requirements prior to the Change in Control; (iv) the failure by the Company to (A) continue in effect (without reduction in benefit level and/or reward opportunities) any material compensation or employee benefit plan in which the Participant was participating at any time within ninety (90) days preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time thereafter, unless such plan is replaced with a plan that provides substantially equivalent compensation or benefits to the Participant, or (B) provide the Participant with compensation and benefits, in the aggregate, at least equal (in terms of benefit levels and/or reward opportunities) to those provided for under each other employee benefit plan, program and practice in which the Participant was participating at any time within ninety (90) days preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time thereafter; (v) any material breach by the Company of any provision of an agreement between the Company and the Participant, whether pursuant to this Plan or otherwise, other than a breach which is cured by the Company within fifteen (15) days following notice by the Participant of such breach; or (vi) the failure of the Company to obtain an agreement, satisfactory to the Participant, from any successors and assigns to assume and agree to perform the obligations created under this Plan.

 

For purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, Designated Grantee means an employee of the Company or an Affiliate with the title of Vice President or higher. For purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, the term Designated Grantee includes all Directors (regardless of title) of the Company and its Affiliates, including all Non-Employee Directors.

 

(e) Parachute Payments. In the event that the acceleration of the vesting and exercisability of the Stock Awards or lapse of reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to Stock Awards provided for in subsection 11(d) and benefits otherwise payable to a Participant (i) constitute “parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G (as it may be amended or replaced) of the Code, and (ii) but for this subsection 11(e) would be

 

17


subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 (as it may be amended or replaced) of the Code (the “Excise Tax”), then such Participant’s benefits hereunder shall be delivered to such lesser extent which would result in no portion of such benefits being subject to the Excise Tax; provided, however, that the benefits hereunder shall be reduced only to the extent necessary after all cash amounts otherwise payable to such Participant and which constitute “parachute payments” have been returned. Unless the Company and such Participant otherwise agree in writing, any determination required under this subsection 11(e) shall be made in writing in good faith by the Accountants. For purposes of making the calculations required by this subsection 11(e), the Accountants may make reasonable assumptions and approximations concerning applicable taxes and may rely on reasonable, good faith interpretations concerning the application of the Code. The Company and such Participants shall furnish to the Accountants such information and documents as the Accountants may reasonably request in order to make a determination under this subsection 11(e). The Company shall bear all costs the Accountants may reasonably incur in connection with any calculations contemplated by this subsection 11(e).

 

12. AMENDMENT OF THE PLAN AND STOCK AWARDS.

 

(a) Amendment of Plan. The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the Plan. However, except as provided in Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in Common Stock, no amendment shall be effective unless approved by the stockholders of the Company to the extent stockholder approval is necessary to satisfy the requirements of Section 422 of the Code, Rule 16b-3 or any Nasdaq or securities exchange listing requirements.

 

(b) Stockholder Approval. The Board may, in its sole discretion, submit any other amendment to the Plan for stockholder approval, including, but not limited to, amendments to the Plan intended to satisfy the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code and the regulations thereunder regarding the exclusion of performance-based compensation from the limit on corporate deductibility of compensation paid to certain executive officers.

 

(c) Contemplated Amendments. It is expressly contemplated that the Board may amend the Plan in any respect the Board deems necessary or advisable to provide eligible Employees with the maximum benefits provided or to be provided under the provisions of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder relating to Incentive Stock Options and/or to bring the Plan and/or Incentive Stock Options granted under it into compliance therewith.

 

(d) No Impairment of Rights. Rights under any Stock Award granted before amendment of the Plan shall not be impaired by any amendment of the Plan unless (i) the Company requests the consent of the Participant and (ii) the Participant consents in writing.

 

(e) Amendment of Stock Awards. The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the terms of any one or more Stock Awards; provided, however, that the rights under any Stock Award shall not be impaired by any such amendment unless (i) the Company requests the consent of the Participant and (ii) the Participant consents in writing.

 

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13. TERMINATION OR SUSPENSION OF THE PLAN.

 

(a) Plan Term. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Unless sooner terminated, the Plan shall terminate on the day before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the date the Plan is adopted by the Board or approved by the stockholders of the Company, whichever is earlier. No Stock Awards may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.

 

(b) No Impairment of Rights. Suspension or termination of the Plan shall not impair rights and obligations under any Stock Award granted while the Plan is in effect except with the written consent of the Participant.

 

14. EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN.

 

The Plan shall become effective as determined by the Board, but no Stock Award shall be exercised (or, in the case of a stock bonus, shall be granted) unless and until the Plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company, which approval shall be within twelve (12) months before or after the date the Plan is adopted by the Board.

 

15. CHOICE OF LAW.

 

The law of the State of California shall govern all questions concerning the construction, validity and interpretation of this Plan, without regard to such state’s conflict of laws rules.

 

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EX-10.3 5 dex103.htm TIVO INC. AMENDED & RESTATED 1999 NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS' STOCK OPTION PLAN TiVo Inc. Amended & Restated 1999 Non-Employee Directors' Stock Option Plan

EXHIBIT 10.3

 

TIVO INC.

 

1999 NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS’ STOCK OPTION PLAN

 

Adopted by the Board of Directors July 14, 1999

Approved By Stockholders July 14, 1999

 

Amended by the Board of Directors January 5, 2000

Stockholder Approval Not Required

 

Amended by the Board of Directors March 17, 2004

Stockholder Approval Not Required

 

Amended and Restated by Board of Directors December 8, 2004

Stockholder Approval Not Required

 

Effective Date: July 14, 1999

Termination Date: July 13, 2009

 

1. PURPOSES.

 

(a) Eligible Option Recipients. The persons eligible to receive Options are the Non-Employee Directors of the Company.

 

(b) Available Options. The purpose of the Plan is to provide a means by which Non-Employee Directors may be given an opportunity to benefit from increases in value of the Common Stock through the granting of Nonstatutory Stock Options.

 

(c) General Purpose. The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to retain the services of its Non-Employee Directors, to secure and retain the services of new Non-Employee Directors and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and its Affiliates.

 

2. DEFINITIONS.

 

(a) Affiliate” means any parent corporation or subsidiary corporation of the Company, whether now or hereafter existing, as those terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and (f), respectively, of the Code.

 

(b) “Annual Grant” means an Option granted annually to all Non-Employee Directors who meet the specified criteria pursuant to subsection 6(b) of the Plan.

 

(c) “Annual Meeting” means the annual meeting of the stockholders of the Company.

 

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(d) Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(e) Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

(f) Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company.

 

(g) Company” means TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation.

 

(h) Consultant” means any person, including an advisor, (i) engaged by the Company or an Affiliate to render consulting or advisory services and who is compensated for such services or (ii) who is a member of the Board of Directors of an Affiliate. However, the term “Consultant” shall not include either Directors of the Company who are not compensated by the Company for their services as Directors or Directors of the Company who are merely paid a director’s fee by the Company for their services as Directors.

 

(i) Continuous Service” means that the Optionholder’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant, is not interrupted or terminated. The Optionholder’s Continuous Service shall not be deemed to have terminated merely because of a change in the capacity in which the Optionholder renders service to the Company or an Affiliate as an Employee, Consultant or Director or a change in the entity for which the Optionholder renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service. For example, a change in status from a Non-Employee Director of the Company to a Consultant of an Affiliate or an Employee of the Company will not constitute an interruption of Continuous Service. The Board or the chief executive officer of the Company, in that party’s sole discretion, may determine whether Continuous Service shall be considered interrupted in the case of any leave of absence approved by that party, including sick leave, military leave or any other personal leave.

 

(j) Director” means a member of the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(k) “Disability” means the permanent and total disability of a person within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code.

 

(l) Employee” means any person employed by the Company or an Affiliate. Mere service as a Director or payment of a director’s fee by the Company or an Affiliate shall not be sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company or an Affiliate.

 

(m) Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

(n) Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the value of the Common Stock determined as follows:

 

(i) If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or traded on the Nasdaq National Market or the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock shall be the closing sales price for such stock (or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such exchange or market (or the exchange or market with the

 

2


greatest volume of trading in the Common Stock) on the day of determination (or the next day on which sales were reported if none were reported on such date), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Board deems reliable.

 

(ii) In the absence of such markets for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by the Board.

 

(o) “Initial Grant” means an Option granted to a Non-Employee Director who meets the specified criteria pursuant to subsection 6(a) of the Plan.

 

(p) “IPO Date” means the effective date of the initial public offering of the Common Stock.

 

(q) Non-Employee Director” means a Director who is not an Employee.

 

(r) Nonstatutory Stock Option” means an Option not intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(s) Option” means a Nonstatutory Stock Option granted pursuant to the Plan.

 

(t) Option Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and an Optionholder evidencing the terms and conditions of an individual Option grant. Each Option Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

 

(u) Optionholder” means a person to whom an Option is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Option.

 

(v) Plan” means this TiVo Inc. 1999 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan.

 

(w) Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect from time to time.

 

(x) Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

3. ADMINISTRATION.

 

(a) Administration by Board. The Board shall administer the Plan. The Board may not delegate administration of the Plan to a committee.

 

(b) Powers of Board. The Board shall have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan:

 

(i) To determine the provisions of each Option to the extent not specified in the Plan.

 

3


(ii) To construe and interpret the Plan and Options granted under it, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for its administration. The Board, in the exercise of this power, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan or in any Option Agreement, in a manner and to the extent it shall deem necessary or expedient to make the Plan fully effective.

 

(iii) To amend the Plan or an Option as provided in Section 12.

 

(iv) Generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as the Board deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company which are not in conflict with the provisions of the Plan.

 

4. SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN.

 

(a) Share Reserve. Subject to the provisions of Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in stock, the stock that may be issued pursuant to Options shall not exceed in the aggregate Five Hundred Thousand (500,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

(b) Additional Shares. Commencing on December 31, 1999, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Options granted under the Plan as specified in subsection 4(a) shall automatically be increased each December 31 by one hundred thousand (100,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

(c) Reversion of Shares to the Share Reserve. If any Option shall for any reason expire or otherwise terminate, in whole or in part, without having been exercised in full, the stock not acquired under such Option shall revert to and again become available for issuance under the Plan.

 

(d) Source of Shares. The stock subject to the Plan may be unissued shares or reacquired shares, bought on the market or otherwise.

 

5. ELIGIBILITY. Nondiscretionary Options as set forth in section 6 shall be granted under the Plan to all Non-Employee Directors.

 

6. NON-DISCRETIONARY GRANTS.

 

(a) Initial Grants.

 

(i) Each person who became a Non-Employee Director between July 14, 1999 and March 16, 2004 automatically shall upon the date of his or her initial election or appointment to be a Non-Employee Director by the Board or stockholders of the Company, be granted an Initial Grant to purchase Twenty Thousand (20,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

(ii) Each person who is elected or appointed for the first time to be a Non-Employee Director on or after March 17, 2004 automatically shall, upon the date of his or her

 

4


initial election or appointment to be a Non-Employee Director by the Board or stockholders of the Company, be granted an Initial Grant to purchase Fifty Thousand (50,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

(iii) Make-Whole Grants. Each person who became a Non-Employee Director between August 5, 2003 and March 17, 2004 shall, upon March 29, 2004, be granted a Make-Whole Grant to purchase Thirty Thousand (30,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein for Initial Grants.

 

(b) Annual Grants.

 

(i) On the day following each Annual Meeting commencing with the Annual Meeting in 2001 and running through the Annual Meeting in 2003, each person who is then a Non-Employee Director and has been a Non-Employee Director for at least six (6) months prior to such date automatically shall be granted an Annual Grant to purchase Ten Thousand (10,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

(ii) On the day following each Annual Meeting commencing with the Annual Meeting in 2004, each person who is then a Non-Employee Director and has been a Non-Employee Director for at least six (6) months prior to such date automatically shall be granted an Annual Grant to purchase Twenty-Five Thousand (25,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

(iii) With respect to the first Annual Grant made to any Non-Employee Director, at least eighteen (18) months must have elapsed between the Initial Grant to such person and the first Annual Grant to such person.

 

7. OPTION PROVISIONS.

 

Each Option shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as required by the Plan. Each Option shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the Plan, as the Board shall deem appropriate. Each Option shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the Option or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:

 

(a) Term. No Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date it was granted.

 

(b) Exercise Price. Subject to subsection 6(b)(ii) below, the exercise price of each Option shall be one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the stock subject to the Option on the date the Option is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Option may be granted with an exercise price lower than that set forth in the preceding sentence if such Option is granted pursuant to an assumption or substitution for another option in a manner satisfying the provisions of Section 424(a) of the Code.

 

5


(c) Consideration. The purchase price of stock acquired pursuant to an Option may be paid, to the extent permitted by applicable statutes and regulations, in any combination of (i) cash or check, (ii) delivery to the Company of other Common Stock which, in the case of Common Stock acquired from the Company, has been held such minimum period as necessary to avoid adverse accounting consequences for the Company or (iii) any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board and provided in the Option Agreement; provided, however, that at any time that the Company is incorporated in Delaware, payment of the Common Stock’s “par value,” as defined in the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall not be made by deferred payment.

 

(d) Transferability. An Option is not transferable, except (i) by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, (ii) by instrument to an inter vivos or testamentary trust, in a form accepted by the Company, in which the Option is to be passed to beneficiaries upon the death of the trustor (settlor) and (iii) by gift, in a form accepted by the Company, to a member of the “immediate family” of the Optionholder as that term is defined in 17 C.F.R. 240.16a-1(e). In addition, Optionholder may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, designate a third party who, in the event of the death of the Optionholder, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise the Option.

 

(e) Vesting and Exercise.

 

(i) Initial Grants shall vest at the rate of 1/24th of the shares subject to the Initial Grant per month over two (2) years from the date of grant. An Optionholder may elect at any time before the Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates to exercise the Optionholder’s Initial Grant as to any part or all of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Initial Grant prior to the full vesting of the Initial Grant. Any unvested shares of Common Stock so purchased shall be subject to a seven-month repurchase option (or such longer period of time required to avoid a charge to earnings for financial accounting purposes) in favor of the Company and to any other restriction that the Company determines to be appropriate. The Company will not exercise its repurchase option until at least six (6) months (or such longer or shorter period of time required to avoid a charge to earnings for financial accounting purposes) have elapsed following exercise of the Initial Grant.

 

(ii) Annual Grants shall be fully vested and exercisable on the date of grant.

 

(f) Termination of Continuous Service. In the event an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates (other than upon the Optionholder’s death or Disability), the Optionholder may exercise his or her Option but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date three (3) months following the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service, or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after termination, the Optionholder does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified in the Option Agreement, the Option shall terminate.

 

(g) Extension of Termination Date. If the exercise of the Option following the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service (other than upon the Optionholder’s death or Disability) would be prohibited at any time solely because the issuance of shares would

 

6


violate the registration requirements under the Securities Act, then the Option shall terminate on the earlier of (i) the expiration of the term of the Option set forth in subsection 7(a) or (ii) the expiration of a period of three (3) months after the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service during which the exercise of the Option would not be in violation of such registration requirements.

 

(h) Disability of Optionholder. In the event an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Optionholder’s Disability, the Optionholder may exercise his or her Option, but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date twelve (12) months following such termination or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after termination, the Optionholder does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

 

(i) Death of Optionholder. In the event (i) an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Optionholder’s death or (ii) the Optionholder dies within the three-month period after the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service for a reason other than death, then the Option may be exercised by the Optionholder’s estate, by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance or by a person designated to exercise the Option upon the Optionholder’s death, but only within the period ending on the earlier of (1) the date eighteen (18) months following the date of death or (2) the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after death, the Option is not exercised within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

 

8. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY.

 

(a) Availability of Shares. During the terms of the Options, the Company shall keep available at all times the number of shares of Common Stock required to satisfy such Options.

 

(b) Securities Law Compliance. The Company shall seek to obtain from each regulatory commission or agency having jurisdiction over the Plan such authority as may be required to grant Options and to issue and sell shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Options; provided, however, that this undertaking shall not require the Company to register under the Securities Act the Plan, any Option or any stock issued or issuable pursuant to any such Option. If, after reasonable efforts, the Company is unable to obtain from any such regulatory commission or agency the authority which counsel for the Company deems necessary for the lawful issuance and sale of stock under the Plan, the Company shall be relieved from any liability for failure to issue and sell stock upon exercise of such Options unless and until such authority is obtained.

 

9. USE OF PROCEEDS FROM STOCK.

 

Proceeds from the sale of stock pursuant to Options shall constitute general funds of the Company.

 

7


10. MISCELLANEOUS.

 

(a) Stockholder Rights. No Optionholder shall be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares subject to such Option unless and until such Optionholder has satisfied all requirements for exercise of the Option pursuant to its terms.

 

(b) No Service Rights. Nothing in the Plan or any instrument executed or Option granted pursuant thereto shall confer upon any Optionholder any right to continue to serve the Company as a Non-Employee Director or shall affect the right of the Company or an Affiliate to terminate (i) the employment of an Employee with or without notice and with or without cause, (ii) the service of a Consultant pursuant to the terms of such Consultant’s agreement with the Company or an Affiliate or (iii) the service of a Director pursuant to the Bylaws of the Company or an Affiliate, and any applicable provisions of the corporate law of the state in which the Company or the Affiliate is incorporated, as the case may be.

 

(c) Investment Assurances. The Company may require an Optionholder, as a condition of exercising or acquiring stock under any Option, (i) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company as to the Optionholder’s knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and/or to employ a purchaser representative reasonably satisfactory to the Company who is knowledgeable and experienced in financial and business matters and that he or she is capable of evaluating, alone or together with the purchaser representative, the merits and risks of exercising the Option; and (ii) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company stating that the Optionholder is acquiring the stock subject to the Option for the Optionholder’s own account and not with any present intention of selling or otherwise distributing the stock. The foregoing requirements, and any assurances given pursuant to such requirements, shall be inoperative if (iii) the issuance of the shares upon the exercise or acquisition of stock under the Option has been registered under a then currently effective registration statement under the Securities Act or (iv) as to any particular requirement, a determination is made by counsel for the Company that such requirement need not be met in the circumstances under the then applicable securities laws. The Company may, upon advice of counsel to the Company, place legends on stock certificates issued under the Plan as such counsel deems necessary or appropriate in order to comply with applicable securities laws, including, but not limited to, legends restricting the transfer of the stock.

 

(d) Withholding Obligations. The Optionholder may satisfy any federal, state or local tax withholding obligation relating to the exercise or acquisition of stock under an Option by any of the following means (in addition to the Company’s right to withhold from any compensation paid to the Optionholder by the Company) or by a combination of such means: (i) tendering a cash payment; (ii) authorizing the Company to withhold shares from the shares of the Common Stock otherwise issuable to the Optionholder as a result of the exercise or acquisition of stock under the Option; or (iii) delivering to the Company owned and unencumbered shares of the Common Stock.

 

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11. ADJUSTMENTS UPON CHANGES IN STOCK.

 

(a) Capitalization Adjustments. If any change is made in the stock subject to the Plan, or subject to any Option, without the receipt of consideration by the Company (through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or other transaction not involving the receipt of consideration by the Company), the Plan will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject both to the Plan pursuant to subsection 4(a) and to the nondiscretionary Options specified in Section 5, and the outstanding Options will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and number of securities and price per share of stock subject to such outstanding Options. The Board shall make such adjustments, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive. (The conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be treated as a transaction “without receipt of consideration” by the Company.)

 

(b) Change in Control—Dissolution or Liquidation. In the event of a dissolution or liquidation of the Company, then the vesting and exercisability of outstanding Options shall accelerate immediately prior to such event, and all outstanding Options shall terminate immediately prior to such event.

 

(c) Change in Control—Asset Sale, Merger, Consolidation or Reverse Merger. In the event of (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Company of the voting stock of the Company to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote; (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation or (iv) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise, then any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation shall assume any Options outstanding under the Plan or shall substitute similar options (including an option to acquire the same consideration paid to the stockholders in the transaction described in this subsection 11(c)) for those outstanding under the Plan. Whether or not any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation assumes such Options or substitutes similar options for those outstanding under the Plan, the vesting and exercisability of outstanding Options shall accelerate ten (10) days prior to such event. In the event any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation refuses to assume such Options or to substitute similar options for those outstanding under the Plan, then such Options shall terminate if not exercised prior to such event.

 

12. AMENDMENT OF THE PLAN AND OPTIONS.

 

(a) Amendment of Plan. The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the Plan. However, except as provided in Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in stock, no amendment shall be effective unless approved by the stockholders of the Company to the extent stockholder approval is necessary to satisfy the requirements of Rule 16b-3 or any Nasdaq or securities exchange listing requirements.

 

9


(b) Stockholder Approval. The Board may, in its sole discretion, submit any other amendment to the Plan for stockholder approval.

 

(c) No Impairment of Rights. Rights under any Option granted before amendment of the Plan shall not be impaired by any amendment of the Plan unless (i) the Company requests the consent of the Optionholder and (ii) the Optionholder consents in writing.

 

(d) Amendment of Options. The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the terms of any one or more Options; provided, however, that the rights under any Option shall not be impaired by any such amendment unless (i) the Company requests the consent of the Optionholder and (ii) the Optionholder consents in writing.

 

13. TERMINATION OR SUSPENSION OF THE PLAN.

 

(a) Plan Term. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Unless sooner terminated, the Plan shall terminate on the day before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the date the Plan is adopted by the Board or approved by the stockholders of the Company, whichever is earlier. No Options may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.

 

(b) No Impairment of Rights. Suspension or termination of the Plan shall not impair rights and obligations under any Option granted while the Plan is in effect except with the written consent of the Optionholder.

 

14. EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN.

 

The Plan shall become effective upon adoption by the Board, but no Option shall be exercised unless and until the Plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company, which approval shall be within twelve (12) months before or after the date the Plan is adopted by the Board.

 

15. CHOICE OF LAW.

 

All questions concerning the construction, validity and interpretation of this Plan shall be governed by the law of the State of Delaware, without regard to such state’s conflict of laws rules.

 

10

EX-10.4 6 dex104.htm TIVO INC. AMENDED & RESTATED 1999 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN TiVo Inc. Amended & Restated 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

EXHIBIT 10.4

 

AMENDED PLAN AND OFFERING DOCUMENT

 

TIVO INC.

1999 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN

 

Adopted by Board of Directors July 14, 1999

Approved by Stockholders July 14, 1999

Amended and Restated by Board of Directors August 15, 2002

Stockholder Approval Not Required

Amended and Restated by Board of Directors December 8, 2004

Stockholder Approval Not Required

 

1. Purpose.

 

(a) The purpose of the Plan is to provide a means by which Employees of the Company and certain designated Affiliates may be given an opportunity to purchase Shares of the Company.

 

(b) The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to retain the services of such Employees, to secure and retain the services of new Employees and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and its Affiliates.

 

(c) The Company intends that the Rights to purchase Shares granted under the Plan be considered options issued under an “employee stock purchase plan,” as that term is defined in Section 423(b) of the Code.

 

2. Definitions.

 

(a) ”Affiliate” means any parent corporation or subsidiary corporation, whether now or hereafter existing, as those terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and (f), respectively, of the Code.

 

(b) ”Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(c) ”Code” means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

(d) ”Committee” means a Committee appointed by the Board in accordance with subparagraph 3(c) of the Plan.

 

(e) ”Company” means TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation.

 

(f) ”Director” means a member of the Board.

 

(g) ”Eligible Employee” means an Employee who meets the requirements set forth in the Offering for eligibility to participate in the Offering.

 

(h) ”Employee” means any person, including Officers and Directors, employed by the Company or an Affiliate of the Company. Neither service as a Director nor payment of a director’s fee shall be sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company or the Affiliate.

 

(i) ”Employee Stock Purchase Plan” means a plan that grants rights intended to be options issued under an “employee stock purchase plan,” as that term is defined in Section 423(b) of the Code.

 

(j) ”Exchange Act” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

(k) ”Fair Market Value” means the value of a security, as determined in good faith by the Board. If the security is listed on any established stock exchange or traded on the Nasdaq National Market or the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, then, except as otherwise provided in the Offering, the Fair Market Value of the security shall be the closing sales price (rounded up where necessary to the nearest whole cent) for such security (or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such exchange or market (or the


exchange or market with the greatest volume of trading in the relevant security of the Company) on the relevant determination date (or the next day on which sales were reported if none were reported on such date), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Board deems reliable.

 

(l) ”Non-Employee Director” means a Director who either (i) is not a current Employee or Officer of the Company or its parent or subsidiary, does not receive compensation (directly or indirectly) from the Company or its parent or subsidiary for services rendered as a consultant or in any capacity other than as a Director (except for an amount as to which disclosure would not be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act (“Regulation S-K”)), does not possess an interest in any other transaction as to which disclosure would be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K, and is not engaged in a business relationship as to which disclosure would be required under Item 404(b) of Regulation S-K; or (ii) is otherwise considered a “non-employee director” for purposes of Rule 16b-3.

 

(m) ”Offering” means the grant of Rights to purchase Shares under the Plan to Eligible Employees.

 

(n) ”Offering Date” means a date selected by the Board for an Offering to commence.

 

(o) ”Outside Director” means a Director who either (i) is not a current employee of the Company or an “affiliated corporation” (within the meaning of the Treasury regulations promulgated under Section 162(m) of the Code), is not a former employee of the Company or an “affiliated corporation” receiving compensation for prior services (other than benefits under a tax qualified pension plan), was not an officer of the Company or an “affiliated corporation” at any time, and is not currently receiving direct or indirect remuneration from the Company or an “affiliated corporation” for services in any capacity other than as a Director, or (ii) is otherwise considered an “outside director” for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Code.

 

(p) ”Participant” means an Eligible Employee who holds an outstanding Right granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Right granted under the Plan.

 

(q) ”Plan” means this 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

 

(r) ”Purchase Date” means one or more dates established by the Board during an Offering on which Rights granted under the Plan shall be exercised and purchases of Shares carried out in accordance with such Offering.

 

(s) ”Right” means an option to purchase Shares granted pursuant to the Plan.

 

(t) ”Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3 as in effect with respect to the Company at the time discretion is being exercised regarding the Plan.

 

(u) ”Securities Act” means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

(v) ”Share” means a share of the common stock of the Company.

 

3. Administration.

 

(a) The Board shall administer the Plan unless and until the Board delegates administration to a Committee, as provided in subparagraph 3(c). Whether or not the Board has delegated administration, the Board shall have the final power to determine all questions of policy and expediency that may arise in the administration of the Plan.

 

(b) The Board (or the Committee) shall have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan:

 

(i) To determine when and how Rights to purchase Shares shall be granted and the provisions of each Offering of such Rights (which need not be identical).

 

(ii) To designate from time to time which Affiliates of the Company shall be eligible to participate in the Plan.


(iii) To construe and interpret the Plan and Rights granted under it, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for its administration. The Board, in the exercise of this power, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan, in a manner and to the extent it shall deem necessary or expedient to make the Plan fully effective.

 

(iv) To amend the Plan as provided in paragraph 14.

 

(v) Generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as it deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company and its Affiliates and to carry out the intent that the Plan be treated as an Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

 

(c) The Board may delegate administration of the Plan to a Committee of the Board composed of two (2) or more members, all of the members of which Committee may be, in the discretion of the Board, Non-Employee Directors and/or Outside Directors. If administration is delegated to a Committee, the Committee shall have, in connection with the administration of the Plan, the powers theretofore possessed by the Board, including the power to delegate to a subcommittee of two (2) or more Outside Directors any of the administrative powers the Committee is authorized to exercise (and references in this Plan to the Board shall thereafter be to the Committee or such a subcommittee), subject, however, to such resolutions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be adopted from time to time by the Board. The Board may abolish the Committee at any time and revest in the Board the administration of the Plan.

 

4. Shares Subject to the Plan.

 

(a) Subject to the provisions of paragraph 13 relating to adjustments upon changes in securities, the Shares that may be sold pursuant to Rights granted under the Plan shall not exceed in the aggregate six hundred thousand (600,000) Shares. If any Right granted under the Plan shall for any reason terminate without having been exercised, the Shares not purchased under such Right shall again become available for the Plan.

 

(b) The aggregate number of Shares that may be sold pursuant to Rights granted under the Plan as specified in paragraph 4(a) hereof automatically shall be increased as follows:

 

(i) On December 31 each year (the “Calculation Date”) for ten (10) years, commencing on December 31, 1999 and ending on December 31, 2008, the aggregate number of Shares specified in paragraph 4(a) hereof shall be increased by the least of (1) that number of Shares equal to five percent (5%) of the Diluted Shares Outstanding, (2) five hundred thousand (500,000) Shares, or (3) a smaller number of Shares as determined by the Board; provided, however, that commencing October 31, 2002, and through October 31, 2008, the Calculation Date for purposes of this paragraph 4 shall be October 31 instead of December 31.

 

(ii) For purposes of paragraph 4(b)(i) hereof, “Diluted Shares Outstanding” shall mean, as of any date, (1) the number of outstanding Shares on such Calculation Date, plus (2) the number of Shares issuable upon such Calculation Date assuming the conversion of all outstanding Preferred Stock and convertible notes, plus (3) the additional number of dilutive Common Stock equivalent shares outstanding as the result of any options or warrants outstanding during the fiscal year, calculated using the treasury stock method.

 

(c) The Shares subject to the Plan may be unissued Shares or Shares that have been bought on the open market at prevailing market prices or otherwise.

 

5. Grant of Rights; Offering.

 

(a) The Board may from time to time grant or provide for the grant of Rights to purchase Shares of the Company under the Plan to Eligible Employees in an Offering on an Offering Date or Dates selected by the Board. Each Offering shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Board shall deem appropriate, which shall comply with the requirements of Section 423(b)(5) of the Code that all Employees granted Rights to purchase Shares under the Plan shall have the same rights and privileges. The terms and conditions of an Offering shall be incorporated by reference into the Plan and treated as part of the Plan. The provisions of separate Offerings need not be identical, but each Offering shall include


(through incorporation of the provisions of this Plan by reference in the document comprising the Offering or otherwise) the period during which the Offering shall be effective, which period shall not exceed twenty-seven (27) months beginning with the Offering Date, and the substance of the provisions contained in paragraphs 6 through 9, inclusive.

 

(b) If a Participant has more than one Right outstanding under the Plan, unless he or she otherwise indicates in agreements or notices delivered hereunder: (i) each agreement or notice delivered by that Participant will be deemed to apply to all of his or her Rights under the Plan, and (ii) an earlier-granted Right (or a Right with a lower exercise price, if two Rights have identical grant dates) will be exercised to the fullest possible extent before a later-granted Right (or a Right with a higher exercise price if two Rights have identical grant dates) will be exercised.

 

6. Eligibility.

 

(a) Rights may be granted only to Employees of the Company or, as the Board may designated as provided in subparagraph 3(b), to Employees of an Affiliate. Except as provided in subparagraph 6(b), an Employee shall not be eligible to be granted Rights under the Plan unless, on the Offering Date, such Employee has been in the employ of the Company or the Affiliate, as the case may be, for such continuous period preceding such grant as the Board may require, but in no event shall the required period of continuous employment be equal to or greater than two (2) years.

 

(b) The Board may provide that each person who, during the course of an Offering, first becomes an Eligible Employee will, on a date or dates specified in the Offering which coincides with the day on which such person becomes an Eligible Employee or which occurs thereafter, receive a Right under that Offering, which Right shall thereafter be deemed to be a part of that Offering. Such Right shall have the same characteristics as any Rights originally granted under that Offering, as described herein, except that:

 

(i) the date on which such Right is granted shall be the “Offering Date” of such Right for all purposes, including determination of the exercise price of such Right;

 

(ii) the period of the Offering with respect to such Right shall begin on its Offering Date and end coincident with the end of such Offering; and

 

(iii) the Board may provide that if such person first becomes an Eligible Employee within a specified period of time before the end of the Offering, he or she will not receive any Right under that Offering.

 

(c) No Employee shall be eligible for the grant of any Rights under the Plan if, immediately after any such Rights are granted, such Employee owns stock possessing five percent (5%) or more of the total combined voting power or value of all classes of stock of the Company or of any Affiliate. For purposes of this subparagraph 6(c), the rules of Section 424(d) of the Code shall apply in determining the stock ownership of any Employee, and stock which such Employee may purchase under all outstanding rights and options shall be treated as stock owned by such Employee.

 

(d) An Eligible Employee may be granted Rights under the Plan only if such Rights, together with any other Rights granted under all Employee Stock Purchase Plans of the Company and any Affiliates, as specified by Section 423(b)(8) of the Code, do not permit such Eligible Employee’s rights to purchase Shares of the Company or any Affiliate to accrue at a rate which exceeds twenty five thousand dollars ($25,000) of the fair market value of such Shares (determined at the time such Rights are granted) for each calendar year in which such Rights are outstanding at any time.

 

(e) The Board may provide in an Offering that Employees who are highly compensated Employees within the meaning of Section 423(b)(4)(D) of the Code shall not be eligible to participate.


7. Rights; Purchase Price.

 

(a) On each Offering Date, each Eligible Employee, pursuant to an Offering made under the Plan, shall be granted the Right to purchase up to the number of Shares purchasable either:

 

(i) with a percentage designated by the Board not exceeding fifteen percent (15%) of such Employee’s Earnings (as defined by the Board in each Offering) during the period which begins on the Offering Date (or such later date as the Board determines for a particular Offering) and ends on the date stated in the Offering, which date shall be no later than the end of the Offering; or

 

(ii) with a maximum dollar amount designated by the Board that, as the Board determines for a particular Offering, (1) shall be withheld, in whole or in part, from such Employee’s Earnings (as defined by the Board in each Offering) during the period which begins on the Offering Date (or such later date as the Board determines for a particular Offering) and ends on the date stated in the Offering, which date shall be no later than the end of the Offering and/or (2) shall be contributed, in whole or in part, by such Employee during such period.

 

(b) The Board shall establish one or more Purchase Dates during an Offering on which Rights granted under the Plan shall be exercised and purchases of Shares carried out in accordance with such Offering.

 

(c) In connection with each Offering made under the Plan, the Board may specify a maximum amount of Shares that may be purchased by any Participant as well as a maximum aggregate amount of Shares that may be purchased by all Participants pursuant to such Offering. In addition, in connection with each Offering that contains more than one Purchase Date, the Board may specify a maximum aggregate amount of Shares which may be purchased by all Participants on any given Purchase Date under the Offering. If the aggregate purchase of Shares upon exercise of Rights granted under the Offering would exceed any such maximum aggregate amount, the Board shall make a pro rata allocation of the Shares available in as nearly a uniform manner as shall be practicable and as it shall deem to be equitable.

 

(d) The purchase price of Shares acquired pursuant to Rights granted under the Plan shall be not less than the lesser of:

 

(i) an amount equal to eighty-five percent (85%) of the fair market value of the Shares on the Offering Date; or

 

(ii) an amount equal to eighty-five percent (85%) of the fair market value of the Shares on the Purchase Date.

 

8. Participation; Withdrawal; Termination.

 

(a) An Eligible Employee may become a Participant in the Plan pursuant to an Offering by delivering a participation agreement to the Company within the time specified in the Offering, in such form as the Company provides. Each such agreement shall authorize payroll deductions of up to the maximum percentage specified by the Board of such Employee’s Earnings during the Offering (as defined in each Offering). The payroll deductions made for each Participant shall be credited to a bookkeeping account for such Participant under the Plan and either may be deposited with the general funds of the Company or may be deposited in a separate account in the name of, and for the benefit of, such Participant with a financial institution designated by the Company. To the extent provided in the Offering, a Participant may reduce (including to zero) or increase such payroll deductions. To the extent provided in the Offering, a Participant may begin such payroll deductions after the beginning of the Offering. A Participant may make additional payments into his or her account only if specifically provided for in the Offering and only if the Participant has not already had the maximum permitted amount withheld during the Offering.

 

(b) At any time during an Offering, a Participant may terminate his or her payroll deductions under the Plan and withdraw from the Offering by delivering to the Company a notice of withdrawal in such form as the Company provides. Such withdrawal may be elected at any time prior to the end of the Offering except as provided by the Board in the Offering. Upon such withdrawal from the Offering by a Participant, the Company shall distribute to such Participant all of his or her accumulated payroll deductions (reduced to the extent, if any, such deductions have been used to acquire Shares for the Participant) under the Offering, without interest unless otherwise specified in the Offering, and such Participant’s interest in that Offering shall be automatically terminated. A Participant’s withdrawal from an Offering will have no effect upon such Participant’s eligibility to participate in any other Offerings under the Plan but such Participant will be required to deliver a new participation agreement in order to participate in subsequent Offerings under the Plan.


(c) Rights granted pursuant to any Offering under the Plan shall terminate immediately upon cessation of any participating Employee’s employment with the Company or a designated Affiliate for any reason (subject to any post-employment participation period required by law) or other lack of eligibility. The Company shall distribute to such terminated Employee all of his or her accumulated payroll deductions (reduced to the extent, if any, such deductions have been used to acquire Shares for the terminated Employee) under the Offering, without interest unless otherwise specified in the Offering. If the accumulated payroll deductions have been deposited with the Company’s general funds, then the distribution shall be made from the general funds of the Company, without interest. If the accumulated payroll deductions have been deposited in a separate account with a financial institution as provided in subparagraph 8(a), then the distribution shall be made from the separate account, without interest unless otherwise specified in the Offering.

 

(d) Rights granted under the Plan shall not be transferable by a Participant otherwise than by will or the laws of descent and distribution, or by a beneficiary designation as provided in paragraph 15 and, otherwise during his or her lifetime, shall be exercisable only by the person to whom such Rights are granted.

 

9. Exercise.

 

(a) On each Purchase Date specified therefor in the relevant Offering, each Participant’s accumulated payroll deductions and other additional payments specifically provided for in the Offering (without any increase for interest) will be applied to the purchase of Shares up to the maximum amount of Shares permitted pursuant to the terms of the Plan and the applicable Offering, at the purchase price specified in the Offering. No fractional Shares shall be issued upon the exercise of Rights granted under the Plan unless specifically provided for in the Offering.

 

(b) Unless otherwise specifically provided in the Offering, the amount, if any, of accumulated payroll deductions remaining in any Participant’s account after the purchase of Shares that is equal to the amount required to purchase one or more whole Shares on the final Purchase Date of the Offering shall be distributed in full to the Participant at the end of the Offering, without interest. If the accumulated payroll deductions have been deposited with the Company’s general funds, then the distribution shall be made from the general funds of the Company, without interest. If the accumulated payroll deductions have been deposited in a separate account with a financial institution as provided in subparagraph 8(a), then the distribution shall be made from the separate account, without interest unless otherwise specified in the Offering.

 

(c) No Rights granted under the Plan may be exercised to any extent unless the Shares to be issued upon such exercise under the Plan (including Rights granted thereunder) are covered by an effective registration statement pursuant to the Securities Act and the Plan is in material compliance with all applicable state, foreign and other securities and other laws applicable to the Plan. If on a Purchase Date in any Offering hereunder the Plan is not so registered or in such compliance, no Rights granted under the Plan or any Offering shall be exercised on such Purchase Date, and the Purchase Date shall be delayed until the Plan is subject to such an effective registration statement and such compliance, except that the Purchase Date shall not be delayed more than twelve (12) months and the Purchase Date shall in no event be more than twenty-seven (27) months from the Offering Date. If, on the Purchase Date of any Offering hereunder, as delayed to the maximum extent permissible, the Plan is not registered and in such compliance, no Rights granted under the Plan or any Offering shall be exercised and all payroll deductions accumulated during the Offering (reduced to the extent, if any, such deductions have been used to acquire Shares) shall be distributed to the Participants, without interest unless otherwise specified in the Offering. If the accumulated payroll deductions have been deposited with the Company’s general funds, then the distribution shall be made from the general funds of the Company, without interest. If the accumulated payroll deductions have been deposited in a separate account with a financial institution as provided in subparagraph 8(a), then the distribution shall be made from the separate account, without interest unless otherwise specified in the Offering.


10. Covenants of the Company.

 

(a) During the terms of the Rights granted under the Plan, the Company shall ensure that the amount of Shares required to satisfy such Rights are available.

 

(b) The Company shall seek to obtain from each federal, state, foreign or other regulatory commission or agency having jurisdiction over the Plan such authority as may be required to issue and sell Shares upon exercise of the Rights granted under the Plan. If, after reasonable efforts, the Company is unable to obtain from any such regulatory commission or agency the authority which counsel for the Company deems necessary for the lawful issuance and sale of Shares under the Plan, the Company shall be relieved from any liability for failure to issue and sell Shares upon exercise of such Rights unless and until such authority is obtained.

 

11. Use of Proceeds from Shares.

 

Proceeds from the sale of Shares pursuant to Rights granted under the Plan shall constitute general funds of the Company.

 

12. Rights as a Stockholder.

 

A Participant shall not be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, Shares subject to Rights granted under the Plan unless and until the Participant’s Shares acquired upon exercise of Rights under the Plan are recorded in the books of the Company.

 

13. Adjustments upon Changes in Securities.

 

(a) If any change is made in the Shares subject to the Plan, or subject to any Right, without the receipt of consideration by the Company (through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or other transaction not involving the receipt of consideration by the Company), the Plan will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and maximum number of Shares subject to the Plan pursuant to subparagraph 4(a), and the outstanding Rights will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es), number of Shares and purchase limits of such outstanding Rights. The Board shall make such adjustments, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive. (The conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be treated as a transaction that does not involve the receipt of consideration by the Company.)

 

(b) In the event of: (i) a dissolution, liquidation, or sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; (ii) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation; or (iii) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but the Shares outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise, then: (1) any surviving or acquiring corporation shall assume Rights outstanding under the Plan or shall substitute similar rights (including a right to acquire the same consideration paid to Stockholders in the transaction described in this subparagraph 13(b)) for those outstanding under the Plan, or (2) in the event any surviving or acquiring corporation refuses to assume such Rights or to substitute similar rights for those outstanding under the Plan, then, as determined by the Board in its sole discretion such Rights may continue in full force and effect or the Participants’ accumulated payroll deductions (exclusive of any accumulated interest which cannot be applied toward the purchase of Shares under the terms of the Offering) may be used to purchase Shares immediately prior to the transaction described above under the ongoing Offering and the Participants’ Rights under the ongoing Offering thereafter terminated.

 

14. Amendment of the Plan.

 

(a) The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the Plan. However, except as provided in paragraph 13 relating to adjustments upon changes in securities and except as to minor amendments to benefit the administration of the Plan, to take account of a change in legislation or to obtain or maintain favorable tax, exchange control or regulatory treatment for Participants or the Company or any Affiliate, no amendment shall be effective unless approved by the stockholders of the Company to the


extent stockholder approval is necessary for the Plan to satisfy the requirements of Section 423 of the Code, Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act and any Nasdaq or other securities exchange listing requirements. Currently under the Code, stockholder approval within twelve (12) months before or after the adoption of the amendment is required where the amendment will:

 

(i) Increase the amount of Shares reserved for Rights under the Plan;

 

(ii) Modify the provisions as to eligibility for participation in the Plan to the extent such modification requires stockholder approval in order for the Plan to obtain employee stock purchase plan treatment under Section 423 of the Code or to comply with the requirements of Rule 16b-3; or

 

(iii) Modify the Plan in any other way if such modification requires stockholder approval in order for the Plan to obtain employee stock purchase plan treatment under Section 423 of the Code or to comply with the requirements of Rule 16b-3.

 

(b) It is expressly contemplated that the Board may amend the Plan in any respect the Board deems necessary or advisable to provide Employees with the maximum benefits provided or to be provided under the provisions of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder relating to Employee Stock Purchase Plans and/or to bring the Plan and/or Rights granted under it into compliance therewith.

 

(c) Rights and obligations under any Rights granted before amendment of the Plan shall not be impaired by any amendment of the Plan, except with the consent of the person to whom such Rights were granted, or except as necessary to comply with any laws or governmental regulations, or except as necessary to ensure that the Plan and/or Rights granted under the Plan comply with the requirements of Section 423 of the Code.

 

15. Designation of Beneficiary.

 

(a) A Participant may file a written designation of a beneficiary who is to receive any Shares and/or cash, if any, from the Participant’s account under the Plan in the event of such Participant’s death subsequent to the end of an Offering but prior to delivery to the Participant of such Shares and cash. In addition, a Participant may file a written designation of a beneficiary who is to receive any cash from the Participant’s account under the Plan in the event of such Participant’s death during an Offering.

 

(b) The Participant may change such designation of beneficiary at any time by written notice. In the event of the death of a Participant and in the absence of a beneficiary validly designated under the Plan who is living at the time of such Participant’s death, the Company shall deliver such Shares and/or cash to the executor or administrator of the estate of the Participant, or if no such executor or administrator has been appointed (to the knowledge of the Company), the Company, in its sole discretion, may deliver such Shares and/or cash to the spouse or to any one or more dependents or relatives of the Participant, or if no spouse, dependent or relative is known to the Company, then to such other person as the Company may designate.

 

16. Termination or Suspension of the Plan.

 

(a) The Board in its discretion may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Unless sooner terminated, the Plan shall terminate at the time that all of the Shares subject to the Plan’s reserve, as increased and/or adjusted from time to time, have been issued under the terms of the Plan. No Rights may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.

 

(b) Rights and obligations under any Rights granted while the Plan is in effect shall not be impaired by suspension or termination of the Plan, except as expressly provided in the Plan or with the consent of the person to whom such Rights were granted, or except as necessary to comply with any laws or governmental regulation, or except as necessary to ensure that the Plan and/or Rights granted under the Plan comply with the requirements of Section 423 of the Code.

 

17. Effective Date of Plan.

 

The Plan shall become effective as determined by the Board, but no Rights granted under the Plan shall be exercised unless and until the Plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company within twelve (12) months before or after the date the Plan is adopted by the Board, which date may be prior to the effective date set by the Board.


TIVO INC.

1999 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN

OFFERING

 

Adopted July 14, 1999

Amended and Restated August 15, 2002

 

1. Grant of Rights.

 

(a) The Board of Directors (“Board”) of TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), pursuant to the Company’s 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Plan”), hereby authorizes the grant of Rights to purchase Shares of the Company to all Eligible Employees (an “Offering”). Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Offering but defined in the Plan shall have the same definitions as in the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of an Offering and those of the Plan (including interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations that may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan), the provisions of the Plan shall control.

 

(b) An “Offering Date” is the first day of an Offering. An Offering may consist of one purchase period or may be divided into shorter purchase periods (“Purchase Periods”). A “Purchase Date” is the last day of a Purchase Period or the Offering, as the case may be.

 

(c) Except as otherwise provided, each Offering hereunder shall be divided into two (2) shorter Purchase Periods approximately six (6) months in length, with Purchase Periods ending on April 30 and October 31.

 

(d) The first Offering shall begin on the effective date of the initial public offering of the Shares and end on October 31, 2000 (the “Initial Offering”). The Initial Offering will be divided into two (2) shorter Purchase Periods of approximately six (6) months in length, with the initial Purchase Period ending on April 30, 2000 and the second Purchase Period ending on October 31, 2000.

 

(e) Thereafter, Offerings shall begin on November 1, 2000 and on each subsequent anniversary of the most recent Offering Date, and Purchase Periods shall begin on each November 1 and May 1; provided, however, that if on the first Purchase Date during an Offering the fair market value of the Shares is less than it was on the Offering Date for that Offering, the day after such Purchase Date shall become the next Offering Date and the Offering that would otherwise have continued in effect shall immediately terminate. Each Offering after the Initial Offering shall end on the day prior to the first anniversary of its Offering Date unless sooner terminated as provided above.

 

(f) Prior to the commencement of any Offering, the Board may change any or all terms of such Offering and any subsequent Offerings. The granting of Rights pursuant to each Offering hereunder shall occur on each respective Offering Date unless, prior to such date (i) the Board determines that such Offering shall not occur, or (ii) no Shares remain available for issuance under the Plan in connection with the Offering.

 

(g) Notwithstanding any other provisions of an Offering, if the terms of an Offering as previously established by the Board would, as a result of a change to applicable accounting standards, generate a charge to earnings, such Offering shall terminate effective as of the day prior to the date such change to accounting standards would otherwise first apply to the Offering (the “Offering Termination Date”), and such Offering Termination Date shall be the final Purchase Date of such Offering. A subsequent Offering shall commence on such date and on such terms as shall be provided by the Board.

 

2. Eligible Employees.

 

(a) All employees of the Company and each of its Affiliates incorporated in the United States shall be granted Rights to purchase Shares under each Offering on the Offering Date of such Offering, provided that each such employee otherwise meets the employment requirements of subparagraph 6(a) of the Plan and has been continuously employed for at least ten (10) days on the Offering Date of such Offering (an “Eligible Employee”); however, the 10-day eligibility requirement shall be waived with respect to the Initial Offering only.


(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following employees shall not be Eligible Employees or be granted Rights under an Offering: (i) part-time or seasonal employees whose customary employment is twenty (20) hours or less per week or not more than five (5) months per calendar year or (ii) 5% stockholders (including ownership through unexercised options) described in subparagraph 6(c) of the Plan.

 

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, each person who first becomes an Eligible Employee ten (10) or more days prior to the end of the first Purchase Period of an Offering may, as of the first day of the second Purchase Period during that Offering, receive a Right under such Offering, which Right shall thereafter be deemed to be a part of the Offering. Such Right shall have the same characteristics as any Rights originally granted under the Offering except that:

 

(i) the date on which such Right is granted shall be the “Offering Date” of such Right for all purposes, including determination of the exercise price of such Right; and

 

(ii) the Offering for such Right shall begin on its Offering Date and end coincident with the end of the ongoing Offering.

 

3. Rights.

 

(a) Subject to the limitations contained herein and in the Plan, on each Offering Date each Eligible Employee shall be granted the Right to purchase the number of Shares purchasable with up to fifteen percent (15%) of such Eligible Employee’s Earnings paid during such Offering after the Eligible Employee first commences participation; provided, however, that no employee may purchase Shares on a particular Purchase Date that would result in more than fifteen percent (15%) of such employee’s Earnings in the period from the Offering Date to such Purchase Date having been applied to purchase Shares under all ongoing Offerings under the Plan and all other Company plans intended to qualify as “employee stock purchase plans” under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

 

(b) For this Offering, “Earnings” means the total compensation paid to an employee, including all salary, wages (including amounts elected to be deferred by the employee, that would otherwise have been paid, under any cash or deferred arrangement established by the Company), overtime pay, commissions, bonuses, and other remuneration paid directly to the employee, but excluding profit sharing, the cost of employee benefits paid for by the Company, education or tuition reimbursements, imputed income arising under any Company group insurance or benefit program, traveling expenses, business and moving expense reimbursements, income received in connection with stock options, contributions made by the Company under any employee benefit plan, and similar items of compensation.

 

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the maximum number of Shares an Eligible Employee may purchase on any Purchase Date in an Offering shall be such number of Shares as has a fair market value (determined as of the Offering Date for such Offering) equal to (x) $25,000 multiplied by the number of calendar years in which the Right under such Offering has been outstanding at any time, minus (y) the fair market value of any other Shares (determined as of the relevant Offering Date with respect to such Shares) which, for purposes of the limitation of Section 423(b)(8) of the Code, are attributed to any of such calendar years in which the Right is outstanding. The amount in clause (y) of the previous sentence shall be determined in accordance with regulations applicable under Section 423(b)(8) of the Code based on (i) the number of Shares previously purchased with respect to such calendar years pursuant to such Offering or any other Offering under the Plan, or pursuant to any other Company plans intended to qualify as “employee stock purchase plans” under Section 423 of the Code, and (ii) the number of Shares subject to other Rights outstanding on the Offering Date for such Offering pursuant to the Plan or any other such Company plan.

 

(d) With respect to any Offering commencing on or after November 1, 2002, the maximum number of Shares that may be purchased by any Eligible Employee in each Offering shall be 20,000 Shares. The maximum aggregate number of Shares available to be purchased by all Eligible Employees under an Offering shall be the number of Shares remaining available under the Plan on the Offering Date. If the aggregate purchase of Shares upon exercise of Rights granted under the Offering would exceed the maximum aggregate number of Shares available, the Board shall make a pro rata allocation of the Shares available in a uniform and equitable manner.


4. Purchase Price.

 

(a) The purchase price of the Shares under the Offering shall be the lesser of eighty-five percent (85%) of the fair market value of the Shares on the Offering Date or eighty-five percent (85%) of the fair market value of the Shares on the Purchase Date, in each case rounded up to the nearest whole cent per Share.

 

(b) For the Initial Offering, the fair market value of the Shares at the time when the Offering commences shall be the price per Share at which Shares are first sold to the public in the Company’s initial public offering as specified in the final prospectus with respect to that offering.

 

5. Participation.

 

(a) An Eligible Employee may elect to participate in an Offering only at the beginning of the Offering or such later date specified in subparagraph 2(c).

 

(b) A Participant who is enrolled in an Offering automatically will be enrolled in the next Offering that commences after the current Offering ends.

 

(c) An Eligible Employee shall become a Participant in an Offering by delivering an agreement authorizing payroll deductions. Such deductions must be in whole percentages, with a minimum percentage of one percent (1%) and a maximum percentage of fifteen percent (15%) of Earnings. A Participant may not make additional payments into his or her account. The agreement shall be made on such enrollment form as the Company provides, and must be delivered to the Company at least ten (10) days before the Offering Date, or before such later date specified in subparagraph 2(c), in advance of the date of participation to be effective, unless a later time for filing the enrollment form is set by the Board for all Eligible Employees with respect to a given Offering Date. For the Initial Offering, the time for filing an enrollment form and commencing participation for individuals who are Eligible Employees on the Offering Date for the Initial Offering may be after the Offering Date, as determined by the Company and communicated to such Eligible Employees.

 

(d) If the agreement authorizing payroll deductions is required to be delivered to the Company or designated Affiliate a specified number of days before the Offering Date to be effective, then an employee who becomes eligible during the required delivery period shall not be considered to be an Eligible Employee at the beginning of the Offering but may elect to participate during the Offering as provided in subparagraph 2(c).

 

6. Changing Participation Level during Offering; Withdrawal from Offering.

 

(a) A Participant may not increase his or her deductions during the course of a Purchase Period. A Participant may increase or decrease his or her deductions prior to the beginning of a new Purchase Period or a new Offering, to be effective at the beginning of such new Purchase Period or new Offering. A Participant shall make a change in his or her participation level by delivering a notice to the Company in such form and at such time as the Company provides.

 

(b) A Participant may reduce (including to zero) his or her deductions once (and only once) during a Purchase Period, effective as soon as administratively practicable. A Participant shall make a change in his or her participation level by delivering a notice to the Company in such form and at such time as the Company provides.

 

(c) Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, a Participant may not increase or decrease his or her participation level during the course of an Offering.

 

(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participant may withdraw from an Offering and receive his or her accumulated payroll deductions from the Offering (reduced to the extent, if any, such deductions have been used to acquire Shares for the Participant on any prior Purchase Dates), without interest, at any time


prior to the end of the Offering, excluding only each ten (10) day period immediately preceding a Purchase Date (or such shorter period of time determined by the Company and communicated to Participants) by delivering a withdrawal notice to the Company in such form as the Company provides.

 

7. Purchases.

 

Subject to the limitations contained herein, on each Purchase Date, each Participant’s accumulated payroll deductions (without any increase for interest) shall be applied to the purchase of whole Shares, up to the maximum number of Shares permitted under the Plan and the Offering.

 

8. Notices and Agreements.

 

Any notices or agreements provided for in an Offering or the Plan shall be given in writing, in a form provided by the Company, and unless specifically provided for in the Plan or this Offering shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices and agreements delivered by the Company, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid.

 

9. Exercise Contingent on Stockholder Approval.

 

The Rights granted under an Offering are subject to the approval of the Plan by the Shareholders as required for the Plan to obtain treatment as a tax-qualified employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Code.

 

10. Offering Subject to Plan.

 

Each Offering is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, and its provisions are hereby made a part of the Offering, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan.

EX-31.1 7 dex311.htm SECTION 302 CEO CERTIFICATION Section 302 CEO Certification

EXHIBIT 31.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, Michael Ramsay, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of TiVo Inc.;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  c) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: December 10, 2004

 

/s/ Michael Ramsay


Michael Ramsay
Chief Executive Officer

 

58

EX-31.2 8 dex312.htm SECTION 302 CFO CERTIFICATION Section 302 CFO Certification

EXHIBIT 31.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, David H. Courtney, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of TiVo Inc.;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  c) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: December 10, 2004

 

/s/ David H. Courtney


David H. Courtney

Executive Vice President, Worldwide

Operations and Administration and

Chief Financial Officer

 

59

EX-32.1 9 dex321.htm SECTION 906 CEO CERTIFICATION Section 906 CEO Certification

EXHIBIT 32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

In connection with the TiVo Inc. (the “Company”) Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending October 31, 2004 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Michael Ramsay, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

 

  1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

  2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated.

 

Date: December 10, 2004

 

/s/ Michael Ramsay


Michael Ramsay

Chief Executive Officer

 

60

EX-32.2 10 dex322.htm SECTION 906 CFO CERTIFICATION Section 906 CFO Certification

EXHIBIT 32.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

In connection with the TiVo Inc. (the “Company”) Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending October 31, 2004 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, David H. Courtney, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

 

  1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

  2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated.

 

Date: December 10, 2004

 

/s/ David H. Courtney


David H. Courtney

Executive Vice President, Worldwide

Operations and Administration and

Chief Financial Officer

 

61

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