-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, JwADd4//qhq9uoIXIf0N2rTohxWfjq+07/iI5pm5xA4FlMlsFIiuu8uXdvr9BLVp QVVkbWIZXKl7O6+nBHO+IA== 0001193125-04-100948.txt : 20040609 0001193125-04-100948.hdr.sgml : 20040609 20040609165503 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-04-100948 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-Q PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 10 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20040430 FILED AS OF DATE: 20040609 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: TIVO INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001088825 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: CABLE & OTHER PAY TELEVISION SERVICES [4841] IRS NUMBER: 770463167 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0131 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-Q SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-27141 FILM NUMBER: 04856414 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2160 GOLD STREET STREET 2: PO BOX 2160 CITY: ALVISO STATE: CA ZIP: 95002 BUSINESS PHONE: 4087476080 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 894 ROSS DRIVE STREET 2: SUITE 100 CITY: SUNNYVALE STATE: CA ZIP: 94089 10-Q 1 d10q.htm FOR THE QUARTER ENDED APRIL 30,2004 For the quarter ended April 30,2004
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-Q

 


 

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended April 30, 2004.

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from              to             

 

Commission file number 000-27141

 


 

TIVO INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

Delaware   77-0463167

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

2160 Gold Street, P.O. Box 2160, Alviso, CA 95002

(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)

 

(408) 519-9100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 


 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES  x    NO  ¨.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    YES  x    NO   ¨.

 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, was 80,300,739 as of May 28, 2004.

 



Table of Contents

TIVO INC.

 

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE FISCAL QUARTER ENDED APRIL 30, 2004

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I : FINANCIAL INFORMATION

   3

Item 1.

   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)    3
     CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS    3
     CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS    5
     CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY    6
     CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS    7
     NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    9

ITEM 2.

   MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS    20

ITEM 3.

   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK    49

ITEM 4.

   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES    49

PART II : OTHER INFORMATION

   50

ITEM 1.

   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS    50

ITEM 2.

   CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS    50

ITEM 3.

   DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES    50

ITEM 4.

   SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS    50

ITEM 5.

   OTHER INFORMATION    50

ITEM 6.

   EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K    50

SIGNATURES AND OFFICER CERTIFICATIONS

   51

 

©2004 TiVo Inc. All Rights Reserved.

 

Except as the context otherwise requires, the terms “TiVo”, “Registrant”, “company”, “we”, “us”, or “our” as used herein are references to TiVo Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

2


Table of Contents

PART I : FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     April 30,
2004


  

January 31,

2004


ASSETS              

CURRENT ASSETS

             

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 138,360    $ 143,235

Accounts receivable (includes $1,801 and $1,500 due from related parties), net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $40 and $17 as of April 30, 2004 and January 31, 2004, respectively

     10,087      12,131

Inventories

     5,154      8,566

Prepaid expenses and other, current (includes $1,846 and $2,832 prepaid to related parties as of April 30, 2004 and January 31, 2004, respectively)

     4,541      5,184
    

  

Total current assets

     158,142      169,116

LONG-TERM ASSETS

             

Property and equipment, net

     8,239      8,695

Intangible assets, net

     2,184      2,201

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term (includes $1,842 and $3,268 prepaid to related parties as of April 30, 2004 and January 31, 2004, respectively)

     3,119      3,879
    

  

Total long-term assets

     13,542      14,775
    

  

Total assets

   $ 171,684    $ 183,891
    

  

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY              

LIABILITIES

             

CURRENT LIABILITIES

             

Accounts payable

   $ 12,678    $ 15,028

Accrued liabilities (includes $257 and $880 due to related parties as of April 30, 2004 and January 31, 2004, respectively)

     11,795      16,125

Deferred revenue, current (includes $75 and $1,814 from related parties as of April 30, 2004 and January 31, 2004, respectively)

     37,210      38,392
    

  

Total current liabilities

     61,683      69,545

LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

             

Convertible notes payable (face value $10,450)

     6,430      6,005

Deferred revenue, long-term

     43,469      41,895

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

3


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TIVO INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     April 30,
2004


    January 31,
2004


 

Deferred rent and other

     718       814  

Total long-term liabilities

     50,617       48,714  
    


 


Total liabilities

     112,300       118,259  

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (see Note 6)

                

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

                

Preferred stock, par value $0.001:
Authorized shares are 10,000,000 Issued and outstanding shares - none

     —         —    

Common stock, par value $0.001:
Authorized shares are 150,000,000 Issued and outstanding shares are 80,276,540 and 79,588,476 respectively

     80       80  

Additional paid-in capital

     646,441       644,064  

Deferred compensation

     (820 )     (1,262 )

Accumulated deficit

     (586,317 )     (577,250 )
    


 


Total stockholders’ equity

     59,384       65,632  
    


 


Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 171,684     $ 183,891  
    


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

4


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TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

    

Three Months Ended

April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 

Revenues

                

Service and technology revenues (includes $5,087 and $4,312 from related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

   $ 25,174     $ 16,068  

Hardware revenues

     14,337       14,809  

Rebates, revenue share and other payments to channel

     (4,988 )     (2,357 )
    


 


Net revenues

     34,523       28,520  

Costs of revenues

                

Costs of service and technology revenues

     7,555       7,803  

Cost of hardware revenues

     16,850       14,178  
    


 


Total cost of revenues

     24,405       21,981  
    


 


Gross margin

     10,118       6,539  
    


 


Research and development

     8,999       5,472  

Sales and marketing (includes $816 and $1,873 to related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     5,600       3,999  

General and administrative

     4,239       3,778  
    


 


Total operating expenses

     18,838       13,249  
    


 


Loss from operations

     (8,720 )     (6,710 )

Interest income.

     327       114  

Interest expense and other

     (656 )     (1,274 )
    


 


Loss before income taxes

     (9,049 )     (7,870 )

Provision for income taxes

     (18 )     (12 )
    


 


Net loss

   $ (9,067 )   $ (7,882 )
    


 


Net loss per common share-basic and diluted

   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.12 )
    


 


Weighted average common shares used to calculate basic and diluted

     79,799,865       64,021,345  
    


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

5


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TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     Common Stock

   Additional Paid-In
Capital


    Deferred
Compensation


    Accumulated
Deficit


    Total

 
   Shares

    Amount

        

BALANCE JANUARY 31, 2004

   79,588,476     $ 80    $ 644,064     $ (1,262 )   $ (577,250 )   $ 65,632  

Cashless exercise of 654,487 warrants resulting in the net issuance of 241,492 shares of common stock

   241,492                                      0  

Issuance of common stock related to purchase of patent rights

   31,708              306                       306  

Issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

   204,199              987                       987  

Issuance of common stock related to employee stock purchase plan

   227,517              1,228                       1,228  

Retirement due to forfeiture of unvested restricted common stock

   (16,852 )            (144 )     144               0  

Recognition of stock based compensation expense

                          298               298  

Net loss

                                  (9,067 )     (9,067 )
    

 

  


 


 


 


BALANCE APRIL 30, 2004

   80,276,540       80      646,441       (820 )     (586,317 )     59,384  
    

 

  


 


 


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

6


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TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

                

Net loss

   $ (9,067 )   $ (7,882 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

                

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment and intangibles

     1,223       1,491  

Amortization of prepaid advertising

     —         376  

Non-cash interest expense

     464       916  

Recognition of stock-based compensation expense

     298       —    

Amortization of note receivable

     —         235  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

                

Accounts receivable, net (change includes ($301) and $384 from related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003)

     2,044       (105 )

Inventories

     3,412       2,004  

Prepaid expenses and other, current (change includes $986 and ($97) to related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     604       (127 )

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term (change includes $1,426 and $95 to related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     760       294  

Accounts payable

     (2,350 )     (888 )

Accrued liabilities (change includes ($623) and ($1,381) to related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     (4,024 )     (3,024 )

Deferred revenue, current (change includes ($1,739) and $1,089 from related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

     (1,182 )     296  

Deferred revenue, long-term

     1,574       1,148  

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities

     (96 )     (308 )
    


 


Net cash used in operating activities

     (6,340 )     (5,574 )
    


 


CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

                

Acquisition of property and equipment

     (750 )     (407 )
    


 


Net cash used in investing activities

     (750 )     (407 )
    


 


CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

                

Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to employee stock purchase plan

     1,228       820  

Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

     987       617  
    


 


Net cash provided by financing activities

     2,215       1,437  
    


 


NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

     (4,875 )     (4,544 )
    


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

7


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TIVO INC.

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

 

    

Three Months Ended

April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:

                

Balance at beginning of period

     143,235       44,201  
    


 


Balance at end of period

   $ 138,360     $ 39,657  
    


 


SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH AND NON-CASH FLOW INFORMATION

                

Cash paid for interest.

   $ (195 )   $ (358 )

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF RESTRICTED CASH AND OTHER NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING INFORMATION

                

Cashless exercise of 654,487 warrants resulting in the net issuance of 241,492 shares of common stock

     —         —    

Adjustment to deferred compensation as a result of retirement due to forfeiture of unvested restricted common stock

     (144 )     —    

Issuance of common stock for purchase of patent rights

     (306 )     —    

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

 

8


Table of Contents

TIVO INC.

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

 

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS

 

TiVo Inc. (the “Company” or “TiVo”) was incorporated in August 1997 as a Delaware corporation and is located in Alviso, California. On August 21, 2000, TiVo (UK) Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of TiVo Inc., was incorporated in the United Kingdom. On October 9, 2001, the Company formed a subsidiary, TiVo International, Inc., also a Delaware corporation. TiVo is a provider of technology and services for digital video recorders, or DVRs. The Company has developed a subscription-based television service (the “TiVo service”) that allows consumers to record, watch, and control television. The TiVo service also offers the television industry a platform for advertisers, content delivery, and audience research. The TiVo service requires a TiVo-enabled DVR or set-top box. These may be purchased at major consumer electronics retailers throughout the United States or through the Company’s website. Many currently available TiVo-enabled DVRs are broadband-enabled and offer customers the ability to enjoy digital music and photos.

 

The Company continues to be subject to a number of risks, including the uncertainty of market acceptance of the TiVo service and future profitability; competition; the dependence on third parties for manufacturing, marketing, and sales support; the intellectual property claims against the Company; and its highly dependent relationship with DIRECTV. The Company conducts its operations through one reportable segment. The Company anticipates that its business will continue to be seasonal and expects to generate a significant number of annual new subscriptions during and immediately after the holiday shopping season.

 

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not contain all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete audited annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of April 30, 2004 and January 31, 2004 and the results of operations for the three-month periods ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three-month periods ended April 30, 2004 and 2003. Additionally, included is the unaudited statement of stockholders’ equity for the three-month period ended April 30, 2004. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of January 31, 2004 and 2003, including the notes thereto, included in the Company’s 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Operating results for the three-month period ended April 30, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the year ending January 31, 2005.

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Related Parties Relationships

 

Effective February 1, 2004, the Company re-evaluated the status of its related parties relationships. Previously, the Company had classified DIRECTV, AOL, NBC , Discovery, Philips, Maxtor, and Sony as related parties. As of February 1, 2004, the Company re-evaluated these relationships

 

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and concluded that Sony, Maxtor, AOL, and Philips no longer maintain a related party relationship with the Company as these companies are not in the position to significantly influence management or operating policies. Accordingly, the Company did not reflect transactions with these companies in the parenthetical related party transaction disclosures included on the consolidated condensed balance sheets and consolidated condensed statements of operations and cash flows for the three months ended April 30, 2004, the effect of which is as follows:

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

(In thousands)

After re-evaluation

Prepaid expenses and other, current

  $825 excluded from related parties

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term

  $730 excluded from related parties

Accrued liabilities

  $533 excluded from related parties

Condensed Statements of Operations

   

Sales and marketing

  $627 excluded from related parties

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

   

Prepaid expenses and other, current

  $825 excluded from related parties

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term

  $730 excluded from related parties

Accrued liabilities

  $533 excluded from related parties

 

There was no change to the related parties classifications for prior years.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Inventories

 

TiVo introduced its Series2 TiVo-enabled DVRs in January 2002. The Company sells these units to certain retailers and distributors, including Best Buy, who make the recorders available nationwide in retail stores, as well as through TiVo’s own online direct sales. As part of these hardware sales activities, TiVo maintains a finished goods inventory of the TiVo-enabled DVRs throughout the year. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on the first-in, first-out method.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives as follows:

 

Furniture and fixtures

   3-5 years

Computer and office equipment

   3-5 years

Lab equipment

   3 years

Leasehold improvements

  

The shorter of 7 years or the

life of the lease

Capitalized software for internal use

   1-5 years

 

Maintenance and repair expenditures are expensed as incurred.

 

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Capitalized Software

 

Costs of computer software to be sold, leased or otherwise marketed have been accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 86, “Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed.” The Company achieves technological feasibility upon development of a working model. The period between the development of a working model and the release of the final product to customers is short and, therefore, the development costs incurred during this short period are immaterial and, as such, are not capitalized.

 

Deferred Rent and Other Long-Term Liabilities

 

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities consist primarily of accrued rent resulting from the recognition of the long-term portion of rent and related property taxes and insurance for the Company’s corporate headquarters office buildings.

 

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue

 

During the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 the Company generated service revenues from fees for providing the TiVo service to consumers. The Company also generated technology revenues from providing licensing and engineering professional services to other entities that were creating products that provide DVR functionality. In addition, in an effort to increase its subscription growth, the Company manufactured and distributed TiVo branded DVRs. This effort resulted in revenues from the sale of hardware products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Revenues (before rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel) for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


     2004

   2003

     (In thousands)
Revenues              

Service revenues

   $ 22,159    $ 12,702

Technology revenues

     3,015      3,366

Hardware revenues

     14,337      14,809
    

  

Total revenues

   $ 39,511    $ 30,877
    

  

 

Revenues from advertising and research services included in service revenues were not material during these periods. The same related party customer generated $1.6 million and $1.6 million of technology revenues, or 4% and 5% of total revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively. For the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, one retail customer generated $6.3 million and $4.7 million of hardware revenues, or 16% and 15% of total revenues, respectively.

 

Service Revenues. Included in service revenues are revenues from monthly and annual subscription fees to the TiVo service. These subscription revenues are recognized over the period benefited. Subscription revenues from product lifetime subscriptions are recognized ratably over

 

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a four-year period, the Company’s estimate of the useful life of the DVR. Additionally, included in service revenues are revenues received from the sale of a premium feature package that allows customers to enjoy video, digital music and photos throughout their home.

 

Technology Revenues. The Company recognizes technology revenues under technology license and engineering professional services agreements in accordance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountant’s Statement of Position (“SOP”), 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” as amended. These agreements contain multiple-elements in which vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value is required for all undelivered elements in order to recognize revenue related to the delivered element. Elements included in the Company’s arrangements may include technology licenses and associated maintenance and support, engineering professional services and other services. The timing of revenue recognition related to these transactions will depend, in part, on whether the Company can establish VSOE for undelivered elements and on how these transactions are structured. As such, revenue recognition may not correspond to the timing of related cash flows or the Company’s work effort.

 

In arrangements which include engineering professional services that are essential to the functionality of the software or involve significant customization or modification of the software, the Company recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion method, as described in SOP 81-1 “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts,” if the Company believes it is able to make reasonably dependable estimates of the extent of progress toward completion. The Company measures progress toward completion based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to total estimated costs of the project, an input method. These estimates are assessed continually during the term of the contract and revisions are reflected when the conditions become known. Provisions for losses on contracts are recorded when estimates indicate that a loss will be incurred on a contract. In some cases, the Company has accepted engineering professional service contracts that were expected to be losses at the time of acceptance in order to gain experience in developing new technology that could be used in future products and services. If the Company is not able to estimate total project revenues, costs, or progress toward completion, but is able to estimate that no loss will be incurred on an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue to the extent of incremental direct costs until the engineering professional services are complete. Thereafter, any remaining revenue is recognized over the period the maintenance and support or other services are provided.

 

Hardware Revenues. The Company recognizes hardware revenues from the sales of its TiVo-enabled DVRs. Hardware revenues are recognized upon shipment to consumers or upon delivery to retail customers. The fees for shipping and handling paid by customers are recognized as hardware revenues. The costs associated with shipping and handling these DVRs are expensed as cost of hardware revenues.

 

Rebates, Revenue Share, and Other Payments to Channel. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 01-09, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendors Products)”, certain payments to customers are shown as a reduction to revenue rather than as a sales and marketing expense. These payments are classified as “rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel.”

 

Deferred Revenues. Deferred revenues consists of unrecognized service and technology fees that have been collected, however the related service has not yet been provided or VSOE of fair value does not exist for the undelivered elements of an arrangement.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee salaries, related expenses, and consulting fees relating to the development of the TiVo service platform and products that enable the TiVo service. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

 

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Sales and Marketing

 

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses, media advertising, public relations activities, special promotions, trade shows and the production of product related items, including collateral and videos. Additionally, included are sales and marketing expenses that consists of cash and non-cash charges related to the Company’s agreements with related parties.

 

Advertising

 

The Company expenses advertising costs as the services are provided. Advertising expenses were $547,000 and $244,000 for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

Interest Expense and Other

 

Interest expense and other consists of cash and non-cash charges related to interest expense paid to related parties and non-related parties. Included in interest expense are cash charges for coupon interest expense related to the convertible notes payable. Included in non-cash interest expense is amortization of discount on the convertible notes payable and debt issuance costs. The following table summarizes the components of interest expense and other:

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


     2004

    2003

     (In thousands)

Total cash interest expense

   $ 194     $ 358

Total non-cash interest expense

     465       916
    


 

Total interest expense

     659       1,274

Total other expenses

     (3 )     —  
    


 

Total interest expense and other

   $ 656     $ 1,274
    


 

 

Stock-Compensation

 

The Company has stock option plans and an Employee Stock Purchase Plan, under which officers, employees, consultants and non-employee directors may be granted options to purchase shares of the Company’s authorized but un-issued or reacquired common stock; and may also be granted restricted stock and other stock awards. The Company’s stock option plans are accounted for under the intrinsic value recognition and measurement principles of APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related Interpretations. During the three months ended April 30, 2004, options to purchase 303,700 shares were granted under the stock option plans at exercise prices equal to the market price of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. There were no stock options granted with exercise prices less than market price at the date of grant during this period. The weighted average fair value of the stock options granted during the three months ended April 30, 2004 was $4.38. In addition to the stock options granted during the three months ended April 30, 2004, 16,852 shares of unvested restricted stock that had been granted to an employee who was a former employee of Strangeberry Inc. were retired due to forfeiture resulting in a reversal of $144,000 of deferred compensation. There were 227,517 shares issued to employees under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) during the three months ended April 30, 2004. The weighted average fair value of the offerings to purchase these ESPP shares was $2.03. Stock-based compensation expense recognized for the three months ended April 30, 2004 was $298,000.

 

During the three months ended April 30, 2003, options to purchase 1,936,500 shares were granted under the stock option plans at exercise prices equal to the market price of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. There were no stock options granted with exercise prices less than market price at the date of grant during this period. The weighted average fair value of the stock options granted during the three months ended April 30, 2003 was $2.31. There were 235,918 shares issued to employees under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan during the three months ended April 30, 2003. The weighted average fair value of the offerings to purchase these ESPP shares was $1.17. There was no stock-based compensation expense recognized for the three months ended April 30, 2003. The weighed average fair value of the offerings to purchase these ESPP shares was $1.17. There was no stock-based compensation expense recognized for the three months ended April 30, 2003.

 

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The following table illustrates the effect on the Company’s net loss and basic and diluted loss per share as if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, as amended, to options granted under the Company’s stock option plans and under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003:

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
    

(In thousands, except

per share data)

 

Net loss, as reported

   $ (9,067 )   $ (7,882 )

Add back: stock based compensation expense recognized, net of related tax effects

     298       —    

Pro forma effect of stock based compensation expense determined under the fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects

     (3,397 )     (3,630 )
    


 


Net loss, pro forma

   $ (12,166 )   $ (11,512 )
    


 


Basic and diluted loss per common share, as reported

   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.12 )
    


 


Basic and diluted loss per common share, pro forma

   $ (0.15 )   $ (0.18 )
    


 


 

Option-pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock.

 

The fair value of each option grant under SFAS 123 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of stock options issued to employees and non-employee directors and ESPP offerings were estimated using the Black Scholes option-pricing model assuming no expected dividends and the following weighted average assumptions:

 

     ESPP

    Stock Options

 
     Three Months Ended April 30,

 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 

Expected term (in years)

   0.5     0.5     4.0     4.0  

Volatility

   55 %   50 %   55 %   50 %

Average risk free interest rate

   1.04 %   1.86 %   2.75 %   2.51 %

 

Net Loss Per Common Share

 

Basic and diluted net loss per common share is calculated in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share.” Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding excluding repurchasable common stock of 542,329 and unvested restricted stock outstanding of 80,089 shares for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and repurchasable common stock of 522,081 shares for the three months ended April 30, 2003. The net loss is calculated by deducting the Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend, accretion to redemption value of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock, and the repurchasable common stock from the net loss.

 

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The weighted average number of shares outstanding used in the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share does not include the effect of the following potentially outstanding common stock. The effect of these potentially outstanding shares were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because the effect would have been antidilutive:

 

    

Three Months Ended

April 30,


     2004

   2003

Repurchasable common stock

   542,329    522,081

Unvested restricted stock outstanding

   80,089    —  

Number of common shares issuable for convertible notes payable

   2,619,045    5,125,313

Options to purchase common stock

   12,806,354    12,795,485

Potential shares to be issued from ESPP

   485,505    385,200

Warrants to purchase common stock

   4,843,644    5,800,209
    
  

Total

   21,376,966    24,628,288
    
  

 

In February 2004, Global Alliance Partners exercised two of their three-year warrants to purchase 15,000 shares in a cashless exercise that resulted in the net issuance of 10,886 shares of the Company’s common stock. Additionally, NBC, a related party, exercised their five-year warrant to purchase 490,196 shares in a cashless exercise that resulted in the net issuance of 167,373 shares of the Company’s common stock. NBC was issued this warrant in conjunction with the issuance of the convertible notes payable in August 2001.

 

DIRECTV was issued 155,941 two-year warrants in April 2002 in conjunction with the Warrant and Registration Rights Agreement. These warrants were transferred by DIRECTV to their parent company, Hughes Electronics Corporation. In March 2004, Hughes Electronics Corporation, a related party, exercised warrants to purchase 149,291 shares in a cashless exercise that resulted in the net issuance of 63,233 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining 6,650 warrants expired, unexercised on April 16, 2004.

 

Comprehensive Loss

 

The Company has no material components of other comprehensive income or loss and, accordingly, the Comprehensive Loss is the same as the net loss for all periods presented.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.

 

Because there is no active public market for the Company’s convertible notes payable, the Company estimates the fair value of its outstanding convertible notes payable by utilizing the value of the common stock that the notes are convertible into. As these convertible notes payable are deeply in the money, the Company estimates that the convertible notes payable can be valued using the fair value of the underlying stock.

 

As of April 30, 2004, the convertible notes payable long-term, face value of $10,450,000, were convertible (using the conversion price then in effect of $3.99) into 2,619,045 shares of the Company’s common stock. The closing price of the Company’s common stock on April 30, 2004, as quoted on the Nasdaq, was $7.01. If converted, the total fair value of these shares at the closing price would have been $18.4 million.

 

Business Concentrations and Credit Risk

 

Financial instruments that subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains cash with various financial institutions. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these institutions. The majority of the Company’s customers are concentrated in the United States. The Company is subject to a minimal amount of credit risk related to these customers as service revenue is primarily obtained through credit card sales.

 

The Company is dependent on single suppliers for several key components and services. The Company does not have contracts or arrangements with such suppliers. Instead, the Company purchases these components and services by submitting purchase orders with these companies. The Company also has an agreement with Tribune Media Services, its sole supplier of programming guide data for the TiVo service. If these suppliers fail to perform their obligations, the Company may be unable to find alternative suppliers or deliver its products and services to its customers on time or at all.

 

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3. INDEMNIFICATION ARRANGEMENTS AND GUARANTEES

 

Product Warranties

 

The Company accrues warranty costs for the expected material and labor required to provide warranty services on its hardware products. The methodology used in determining the liability for product warranty services is based upon historical information and experience. The Company’s warranty reserve liability is calculated as the total volume of unit sales over the warranty period, multiplied by the excepted volume of the warranty returns rate multiplied by the estimated cost to replace or repair the customers’ product returns under warranty. The Company’s minimum warranty period to consumers for TiVo-enabled DVRs is 90 days from the date of consumer purchase. Within the minimum warranty period, consumers are offered a no-charge exchange for TiVo DVRs returned due to product defect. After the minimum warranty period, consumers may exchange a TiVo DVR with a product defect for a charge. As of April 30, 2004 and 2003 the accrued warranty reserve liability was $455,000 and $922,000 respectively. The Company’s accrued warranty reserve liability is included in accrued liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

Indemnification Arrangements

 

The Company undertakes indemnification obligations in its ordinary course of business in connection with, among other things, the licensing of its products, the provision of consulting services and the issuance of securities. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company may indemnify the other party for certain losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, generally its business partners or customers, underwriters or certain investors, in connection with various types of claims, which may include, without limitation, claims of intellectual property infringement, certain tax liabilities, negligence and intentional acts in the performance of services and violations of laws, including certain violations of securities laws. The term of these indemnification obligations is generally perpetual. The Company’s obligation to provide indemnification would arise in the event that a third party filed a claim against one of the parties that was covered by the Company’s indemnification obligation. As an example, if a third party sued a customer for intellectual property infringement and the Company agreed to indemnify that customer against such claims, its obligation would be triggered. For example, as the Company has disclosed in Note 5, it is currently indemnifying Sony against a claim of intellectual property infringement brought by Command Audio in connection with Sony’s manufacture and sale of TiVo devices.

 

The Company is unable to estimate with any reasonable accuracy the liability that may be incurred pursuant to its indemnification obligations. A few of the variables affecting any such assessment include but are not limited to: the nature of the claim asserted, the relative merits of the claim, the financial ability of the party suing the indemnified party to engage in protracted litigation, the number of parties seeking indemnification, the nature and amount of damages claimed by the party suing the indemnified party and the willingness of such party to engage in settlement negotiations. Due to the nature of the Company’s potential indemnity liability, its indemnification obligations could range from immaterial to having a material adverse impact on its financial position and its ability to continue in the ordinary course of business.

 

Under certain circumstances, the Company may have recourse through its insurance policies that would enable it to recover from its insurance company some or all amounts paid pursuant to its indemnification obligations. The Company does not have any assets held either as collateral or by third parties that, upon the occurrence of an event requiring it to indemnify a customer, the Company could obtain and liquidate to recover all or a portion of the amounts paid pursuant to its indemnification obligations.

 

4. CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE

 

On August 28, 2001, the Company closed a private placement of $51.8 million in face value of convertible notes payable and warrants and received cash proceeds, net of issuance costs, of approximately $40.1 million from accredited investors.

 

During the three months ended April 30, 2004 there were no conversions of notes payable. As of April 30, 2004 the Company had outstanding convertible notes payable at face value of $10.5 million, held by approximately four noteholders.

 

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As of April 30, 2004, the carrying value of the convertible notes payable was as follows:

 

     Convertible notes
payable


 
     (In thousands)  

As of April 30, 2004

        

Face value of convertible notes payable

   $ 10,450  

Unamortized discount resulting from warrants issued to noteholders

     (987 )

Unamortized discount resulting from beneficial conversion feature

     (3,033 )
    


Carrying value of convertible notes payable as of April 30, 2004

   $ 6,430  
    


 

  Interest expense and other for the three months ended April 30, 2004 includes coupon interest expense of $183,000; amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the warrants issued on convertible notes payable of $104,000; and amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of beneficial conversion of $321,000. Interest expense and other for the three months ended April 30, 2003 included coupon interest expense of $183,000; amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the warrants issued on convertible notes payable of $95,000; and amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of beneficial conversion of $332,000.

 

  Interest expense and other-related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2004 was zero. Interest expense and other-related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2003 included 7% coupon interest of $175,000; amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the warrants issued on convertible notes payable-related parties of $90,000; and amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of beneficial conversion of $319,000.

 

  Assuming there are no conversions, the 7% coupon interest for the remaining outstanding noteholders is paid semi-annually with the next payment of $365,750 scheduled for payment on August 15, 2004.

 

5. PATENT LICENSE AGREEMENT

 

On March 12, 2004, we executed a stock issuance agreement with Eric Goldwasser, Romi Goldwasser and Good Inventions LLC, a New York limited liability company, pursuant to which we issued an aggregate of 31,708 shares of our common stock to Good Inventions LLC. The execution of the stock issuance agreement and the issuance of the shares of common stock pursuant to the stock issuance agreement was an inducement to the Goldwassers to enter into a patent license agreement with us, pursuant to which the Goldwassers granted us an exclusive license to a patent relating to digital video recording technology. Pursuant to the patent license agreement, we have agreed to make certain royalty payments to the Goldwassers and to share with the Goldwassers a portion of any net litigation recovery actually received by us and directly attributable to the enforcement of the patent against third parties.

 

6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Legal Matters

 

In September 1999, TiVo received letters from Time Warner, Inc. and Fox Television stating that TiVo’s personal television service exploits these companies’ copyrights without the necessary licenses. The Company believes that the TiVo service does not infringe on these copyrights and believes that there will not be an adverse impact as a result of these letters.

 

On June 12, 2001, a securities class action lawsuit in which the Company and certain of its officers and directors are named as defendants was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. This action, which is captioned Wercberger v. TiVo et al., also names several of the underwriters involved in the Company’s initial public offering as defendants. This class action was brought on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of the Company’s common stock from September 30, 1999, the time of its initial public offering, through December 6, 2000. The central allegation in this action is that the underwriters in the initial public offering solicited and received undisclosed commissions from, and entered into undisclosed arrangements with, certain investors who purchased TiVo common stock in the initial public offering and the after-market. The complaint also alleges that the TiVo defendants violated the federal securities laws by failing to disclose in the initial public offering prospectus that the underwriters had engaged in these allegedly undisclosed arrangements. More than 150 issuers have been named in similar lawsuits. In July 2002, an omnibus motion to dismiss all complaints against issuers and individual defendants affiliated with issuers (including the TiVo defendants) was filed by the entire group of issuer defendants in these similar actions. On October 8, 2002, TiVo’s officers were dismissed as defendants in the lawsuit. On February 19, 2003, the court in this action issued its decision on defendants’ omnibus motion to dismiss. This decision dismissed the Section 10(b) claim as to TiVo but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim as to TiVo and virtually all of the other issuer-defendants.

 

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On June 26, 2003, the plaintiffs announced a proposed settlement with the Company and the other issuer defendants. The proposed settlement provides that the insurers of all settling issuers will guarantee that the plaintiffs recover $1 billion from non-settling defendants, including the investment banks who acted as underwriters in those offerings. In the event that the plaintiffs do not recover $1 billion, the insurers for the settling issuers will make up the difference. Under the proposed settlement, the maximum amount that could be charged to the Company’s insurance policy in the event that the plaintiffs recovered nothing from the investment banks would be approximately $3.9 million. The Company believes that it has sufficient insurance coverage to cover the maximum amount that it may be responsible for under the proposed settlement.

 

TiVo’s board of directors approved the proposed settlement at a meeting held on June 25, 2003. It is possible that the Federal District Court may not approve the settlement in whole or part. In the event that the Court does not approve the final settlement, the Company believes it has meritorious defenses and intends to defend this action vigorously; however, it could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, its business could be harmed.

 

On September 25, 2001, Pause Technology filed a complaint against TiVo in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Reissue Patent No. 36,801, entitled “Time Delayed Digital Video System Using Concurrent Recording and Playback.” Pause Technology alleges that it is the owner of this patent, and further alleges that TiVo has willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell, and using within the United States the TiVo digital video recorder. Pause Technology seeks unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against TiVo’s operations. It also seeks attorneys’ fees and costs. On February 6, 2004, TiVo obtained a favorable summary judgment ruling in the case filed against it in 2001 by Pause Technology LLC in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. The court ruled that the Company’s software versions 2.0 and above do not infringe Pause’s patent, and accordingly has ordered that judgment be entered in the Company’s favor. On March 3, 2004, Pause Technology filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeal for the Federal Circuit appealing the February 6, 2004 summary judgment ruling in favor of TiVo. The Company is incurring expenses in connection with this litigation that may become material, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, its business could be harmed.

 

On February 5, 2002, Sony Corporation notified TiVo that Command Audio Corporation had filed a complaint against Sony Electronics, Inc. on February 2, 2002 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint alleges that, in connection with its sale of digital video recorders and other products, Sony infringes upon two patents owned by Command Audio (U.S. Patent Nos. 5,590,195 (“Information Dissemination Using Various Transmission Modes”) and 6,330,334 (“Method and System for Information Dissemination Using Television Signals”). The complaint seeks injunctive relief, compensatory and treble damages and Command Audio’s costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees. Under the terms of the Company’s agreement with Sony governing the distribution of certain digital video recorders that enable the TiVo service, TiVo is required to indemnify Sony against any and all claims, damages, liabilities, costs and expenses relating to claims that its technology infringes upon intellectual property rights owned by third parties. The Company believes Sony has meritorious defenses against this lawsuit; however, due to its indemnification obligations, the Company is incurring expenses in connection with this litigation. Since February 2002, the Company has incurred $4.8 million in legal expenses. The outcome of this matter or range of potential losses is currently not determinable. If Sony were to lose this lawsuit, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

On January 5, 2004, we filed a complaint against EchoStar Communications Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389, entitled “Multimedia Time Warping System.” On January 15, 2004, we amended our complaint to add EchoStar DBS Corporation, EchoStar Technologies Corporation, and Echosphere Limited Liability Corporation as additional defendants. We allege that we are the owner of this patent, and further allege that the defendants have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell and/or selling digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software, and/or personal television services in the United States. On March 2, 2004, EchoStar filed its answer to our complaint, moved to

 

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dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction, and moved to transfer the case from the Eastern District of Texas to the Northern District of California. We have opposed both of Echostar’s motions. We seek unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against the defendants’ further infringement of the patent. We could incur material expenses in this litigation.

 

The Company is involved in numerous lawsuits in the ordinary course of its business. The Company assesses potential liabilities in connection with these lawsuits under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies.” The Company accrues an estimated loss for these loss contingencies if both of the following conditions are met: information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. As of April 30, 2004, the Company had not accrued a liability for any of the lawsuits filed against it as the conditions for accrual have not been met.

 

Facilities Leases

 

In October 1999, the Company entered into an office lease with WIX/NSJ Real Estate Limited Partnership for its headquarters. The lease began on March 10, 2000 and has a seven-year term. Monthly rent is approximately $250,000 with built-in base rent escalations periodically throughout the lease term. The lease is classified as an operating lease. Rent expense is recognized using the straight-line method over the lease term and for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 was $732,000 and 467,000, respectively. Additionally, the Company delivered a letter of credit totaling $476,683, to WIX/NSJ Real Estate Limited Partnership as collateral for performance by the Company of all of its obligations under the lease. The letter of credit is to remain in effect the entire term of the lease.

 

The Company’s corporate headquarters consists of two buildings located in Alviso, California, which are used for administrative, sales and marketing, customer service and product development activities. Operating lease cash payments for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 were $763,000 and $741,000, respectively.

 

Additionally, the Company leases office space in Berkshire, United Kingdom under an operating lease that expires in March 2006. The Company abandoned this facility in May 2002 and recorded a restructuring accrual of $367,000.

 

The following table summarizes the accrued facilities expenses recorded as a result of the Company’s partially unoccupied facilities as of April 30, 2004:

 

    Accrual balance
as of


  Total cash
payments


    Accrual balance
as of


    January 31, 2004

  April 30, 2004

    April 30, 2004

    (In thousands)

TiVo, Berkshire, United Kingdom facility lease expenses

  $ 254   $ (28 )   $ 226
   

 


 

Total

  $ 254   $ (28 )   $ 226
   

 


 

 

Of the total accrued facilities expenses recorded as a result of the Company’s unoccupied facilities, $113,000 is included in deferred rent and other long-term liabilities and $113,000 is included in accrued liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at April 30, 2004.

 

Future minimum operating lease payments as of April 30, 2004, were as follows:

 

Fiscal Year Ending


   Lease Payments

     (In thousands)

January 31, 2005 (9 months)

     2,433

January 31, 2006

     3,278

January 31, 2007

     3,285

January 31, 2008

     273
    

Total

   $ 9,269
    

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Overview

 

We are a leading provider of technology and services for digital video recorders, or DVRs, a rapidly growing consumer electronics category. Our subscription-based TiVo service improves home entertainment by providing consumers with an easy way to record, watch, and control television. The TiVo service also offers the television industry a platform for advertisers, content delivery, and audience research. Key elements of our strategy revolve around continued investment in technology, research and development, and innovation; partnering with service providers; extending and protecting our intellectual property and continuing to promote and leverage the TiVo brand; and working to improve profitability, market share, and financial strength. Our financial strength and ability to adapt to the current market and economic conditions are dependent in part on our generation of cash flow, effective management of working capital, funding commitments, and other obligations as well as the growth of our business.

 

Executive Overview and Outlook

 

During the three months ended April 30, 2004, we continued to show strong growth in our subscription base and subscription revenues. Additionally, as previously announced, we began to increase investment in subscription acquisition activities with a focus on growing TiVo-Owned subscriptions. We anticipate the majority of this planned investment will be in connection with the 2004 holiday shopping season. We believe this investment can create incremental revenue, profits, and cash flows and put us on a long-term growth trajectory towards creating sustainable profitability.

 

The following table sets forth selected information for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003:

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands)  

Net revenues

   $ 34,523     $ 28,520  

Cost of revenues

     (24,405 )     (21,981 )

Operating expenses

     (18,838 )     (13,249 )
    


 


Loss from operations

   $ (8,720 )   $ (6,710 )
    


 


Cash flows from operations

   $ (6,340 )   $ (5,574 )
    


 


 

Net Revenues. Our net revenues increased $6.0 million during the three months ended April 30, 2004, compared to the same prior-year period. The continued growth in our installed subscription base contributed to the increase in our net revenues. We have added approximately 264,000 net new TiVo-Owned and DIRECTV subscriptions in the last three months.

 

Cost of Revenues. The costs of our revenues increased by approximately 11% during the three months ended April 30, 2004 primarily because of increased cost of hardware revenues. The cost of hardware revenues increased approximately $2.7 million, or approximately 19%, compared to the same prior-year period primarily as a result of additional expenses due to revaluing inventory to the lower of cost or net realizable value.

 

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Operating Expenses. Our operating expenses increased 42% or $5.6 million during the three months ended April 30, 2004, compared to the same prior-year period. We expected operating expenses to increase due to our increased spending on subscriber acquisition activities.

 

Cash Flows from Operations. Our cash flows from operations for three months ended April 30, 2004, compared to the same prior-year period have declined due to higher operating expenses attributable to our increased subscription acquisition activities.

 

Key Business Metrics

 

Management periodically reviews certain key business metrics in order to evaluate the effectiveness of our operational strategies, allocate resources, and maximize the financial performance of our business. These key business metrics include subscription growth and cash flows used in operations.

 

Subscription Growth. Management believes this metric provides an important leading indicator of revenue generation in future years. Management uses it to help evaluate the execution and performance of TiVo’s and DIRECTV’s marketing programs in acquiring new subscriptions and retaining existing subscriptions. We define a “Subscription” as a contract referencing a TiVo-enabled DVR for which (i) a customer has paid for the TiVo service and (ii) service is not canceled. DVRs with the TiVo Basic service that have not upgraded to the TiVo service are not included in our subscription totals. As of April 30, 2004, our total installed Subscription base was approximately 1,596,000, over twice the installed base as of April 30, 2003. Included in the 1,596,000 subscriptions as of April 30, 2004 are approximately 18,000 product lifetime subscriptions that had reached the end of the four-year period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues.

 

Below is a table that details the growth in our Subscription base during the past eight quarters. The TiVo-Owned category refers to subscriptions sold directly by TiVo to customers who have TiVo-enabled DVRs and products, including those manufactured by TiVo, Sony, Pioneer, Toshiba, Philips, and others. The DIRECTV category refers to subscriptions sold by DIRECTV to customers who have integrated DIRECTV satellite receivers with TiVo. Additionally, we provide a breakdown of the percent of TiVo-Owned Subscriptions for which consumers pay a recurring fee, as opposed to a one-time product lifetime fee.

 

DIRECTV reports and pays us monthly subscription fees on a per-household basis. For households with multiple DVRs, we count each unique DVR as a Subscription. For the month of April 2004, DIRECTV paid us for approximately 754,000 households, which represented approximately 872,000 subscriptions. As a result, there were approximately 118,000 DIRECTV satellite receivers with TiVo functionality for which we receive no additional payment from DIRECTV.

 

In April 2004, we recognized approximately $1.44 in average monthly subscription revenue per DIRECTV subscription, excluding advertising and audience research revenues, compared to approximately $2.81 in April 2003. We expect the average monthly subscription revenue per DIRECTV subscription to continue to decline in the future at a slower rate as the mix of DIRECTV subscriptions shifts to the rapidly growing number of additions of new DIRECTV subscriptions, which involve no acquisition costs, lower recurring expenses, and lower subscription fees.

 

     Three Months Ended

 

(Subscriptions in thousands)


   Apr 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


    Jul 31,
2003


    Apr 30,
2003


    Jan 31,
2003


    Oct 31,
2002


    Jul 31,
2002


 

Subscription additions:

                                                

TiVo-Owned

   68     130     59     34     37     75     30     21  

DIRECTV

   196     200     150     56     42     39     16     21  
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Subscriptions Net Additions

   264     330     209     90     79     114     46     42  

Cumulative Subscriptions:

                                                

TiVo-Owned

   724     656     526     467     433     396     321     291  

DIRECTV

   872     676     476     326     270     228     189     173  
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Cumulative Subscriptions

   1,596     1,332     1,002     793     703     624     510     464  

% of TiVo-Owned Cumulative Subscriptions paying recurring fees

   42 %   40 %   36 %   34 %   34 %   34 %   34 %   33 %

 

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During the three months ended April 30, 2004, we added approximately 68,000 net new TiVo-Owned subscriptions. This represents growth of net new TiVo-Owned subscriptions of approximately 84% compared to the number of subscriptions added during the three months ended April 30, 2003. Consumer demand for TiVo-enabled DVR and DVD products was driven by broad availability and strong support in the retail channel, a $50 rebate program that began in September 2003, and increased consumer awareness of TiVo. We intend to generate continued TiVo-Owned subscription growth through managing our relationships with leading retailers like Best Buy, Circuit City, and others. Of the 68,000 net new TiVo-Owned subscriptions, during the three months ended April 30, 2004, approximately 61% elected the monthly recurring payment option.

 

During the three months ended April 30, 2004, we added approximately 196,000 net new subscriptions through DIRECTV. This represents growth of nearly 5 times the number of new DIRECTV subscriptions added in the quarter ended April 30, 2003. DIRECTV has increased its focus in driving demand for DIRECTV with TiVo, including increased marketing investment directed at existing DIRECTV customers.

 

Cash Flows Used in Operations. Management reviews this metric to aid it in evaluating our operating results. Management expects that net cash used in operating activities for the fiscal year 2005 will increase as compared to the fiscal year 2004 due to increased spending attributable to our planned increased investment in subscription acquisition activities.

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands)  

Net loss

   $ (9,067 )   $ (7,882 )

Net cash used in operating activities

     (6,340 )     (5,574 )

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

Critical accounting estimates are those that reflect significant judgments and uncertainties, and potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We base our discussion and analysis on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles as described in Item 1. Note 1. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates. We base our estimates on historical experience and on other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of this analysis form the basis for our judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may materially differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. For a detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting estimates, see Item 1. Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements.

 

Recognition Period for Product Lifetime Subscriptions Revenues. TiVo offers a product lifetime subscription option for the life of the DVR for a one-time, upfront payment. We recognize subscription revenues from lifetime subscriptions

 

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ratably over a four-year period, based on our estimate of the useful life of these DVRs. If the useful life of the recorder were shorter or longer than four-years, we would recognize revenues earlier or later. As of April 30, 2004, approximately 1% of our total installed subscription base was product lifetime subscriptions that had reached the end of the four-year period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues. We continued to incur costs of services for these subscriptions without corresponding revenue. Our product is still relatively new and as we gather more user information, we might revise this estimated life.

 

Engineering Professional Services Project Cost Estimates. For engineering professional services that are essential to the functionality of the software or involve significant customization or modification, we recognize revenues using the percentage-of-completion method, as described in SOP 81-1 “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts.” We recognize revenue by measuring progress toward completion based on the ratio of costs incurred to total estimated costs of the project, an input method. In general, these contracts are long-term and complex. We believe we are able to make reasonably dependable estimates based on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates include forecasting of costs and schedules, estimating contract revenue related to contract performance, projecting cost to complete, tracking progress of costs incurred to date, and projecting the remaining effort to complete the project. Costs included in engineering professional services are labor, materials, and overhead related to the specific activities that are required for the project. Costs related to general infrastructure or platform development are not included in the engineering professional services project cost estimates. These estimates are assessed continually during the term of the contract and revisions are reflected when the conditions become known. Provisions for losses on contracts are recorded when estimates determine that a loss will be incurred on a contract. In some cases, we have accepted engineering professional service contracts that were expected to be losses at the time of acceptance in order to gain experience in developing new technology that could be used in future products and services. Using different cost estimates, or different methods of measuring progress to completion, engineering professional services revenues and expenses may produce materially different results. A favorable change in estimates in a period could result in additional revenue and profit, and an unfavorable change in estimates could result in a reduction of revenue and profit or the recording of a loss that would be borne solely by TiVo.

 

Consumer Rebate Redemption Rates. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 01-09, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendors Products)”, we record an estimated potential liability for our consumer rebate program that is based on the percentage of customers that were reimbursed for the rebate for similar programs and adjust estimates to consider actual redemptions. The consumer rebates are recognized as “rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel” in our consolidated financial statements.

 

Valuation of Inventory. We maintain a finished goods inventory of TiVo-enabled DVRs throughout the year. We value inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost determined on the first-in, first-out method. We base write-downs to inventories on changes in selling price of a completed unit. Estimates are based upon current facts and circumstances and are determined in aggregate and evaluated on total pool basis. We continually monitor inventory valuation and purchase commitments for potential losses in net realizable value.

 

Estimates Used in Complex Agreements. We have a number of related party transactions and commitments. Many of these transactions are complex and involve multiple elements and types of consideration, including cash, debt, equity, and services. For example, our relationship with DIRECTV has historically included subscription revenue share expense, engineering professional services revenue, common stock and warrants issued for services, and various platform subsidies. Many of our arrangements require us to make estimations for the valuation of non-cash expenses, such as warrants issued for services, which must be assigned a value using financial models that require us to estimate certain parameters. We have utilized our best estimate of the value of the various elements in accounting for these transactions. Had alternative assumptions been used, the values obtained may have been materially different.

 

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Results of Operations

 

Revenues. Our revenues (before rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel) for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 as a percentage of total revenues were as follows:

 

   

Three Months Ended

April 30,


 
    2004

    2003

 
   

(In thousands,

except percentages)

 
Revenues        

Service revenues

  $ 22,159     56 %   $ 12,702     41 %

Technology revenues

    3,015     8 %     3,366     11 %

Hardware revenues

    14,337     36 %     14,809     48 %
   


       


     

Total revenues

  $ 39,511           $ 30,877        
   


       


     

Change from same prior-year period

    28 %           126 %      

 

Of the total service revenues and technology revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, $5.1million and $4.3 million, respectively, were generated from related parties.

 

  Service Revenues. Service revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2004 increased 74% or $9.5 million over the service revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2004. This increase was primarily due to the growth in our subscription base. During the three months ended April 30, 2004, we activated approximately 264,000 new subscriptions to the TiVo service bringing the total installed subscription base to approximately 1.6 million as of April 30, 2004, double the installed base as of April 30, 2003. We anticipate the fiscal year 2005 will have continued revenue growth as our subscription base grows. Revenues from advertising and research services included in service revenues, while not material during these periods, were increasing.

 

  Technology Revenues. In the three months ended April 30, 2004, we derived 8% of our total revenues, or $3.0 million, from licensing and engineering professional services. Technology revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2004 were approximately 10% lower than the same period last year due to fewer licensing agreements. One related party customer generated $1.6 million and $1.6 million of technology revenues, or 4% and 5% of total revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Going forward, in our relationships with manufacturers and distributors, we are shifting focus from upfront licensing and engineering professional services payments to recurring royalty and service payments. We expect future technology revenues to decline from the fiscal year 2004 levels as we complete existing contracts.

 

  Hardware Revenues. Hardware revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2004, were approximately the same as the prior fiscal year period. For the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, one retail customer generated $6.3 million and $4.7 million of hardware revenues, or 16% and 15% of total revenues, respectively. Although volume of units sold increased for the three months ended April 30, 2004 by approximately 37% from the year ago period, the sales price per unit decreased by nearly the same percentage.

 

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel.

 

    

Three
Months Ended

April 30,


     2004

    2003

    

(In thousands,

except percentages)

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel

   $ 4,988     $ 2,357

Change from same prior-year period

     112 %     NM

NM -Not meaningful

 

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We recognize certain marketing-related payments as a reduction of revenues on our statements of operations. Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel increased for the three months ended April 30, 2004 as compared to the respective prior-year quarter due to higher revenue share and market development funds paid to retailers. Consumer rebate expenses were $1.6 million and $1.2 million, respectively, for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003. We expect our fiscal year 2005 rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel to be higher due to our increased investment in subscription acquisition activities.

 

Cost of service and technology revenues.

 

    

Three Months Ended

April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
    

(In thousands,

except percentages)

 

Cost of service revenues

   $ 5,593     $ 4,174  

Cost of technology revenues

     1,962       3,629  
    


 


Cost of service and technology revenues

   $ 7,555     $ 7,803  
    


 


Change from same prior-year period

     -3 %     43 %

Percentage of net revenues

     22 %     27 %

 

Costs of service and technology revenues consist primarily of expenses related to providing engineering professional services to our customers, including employee salaries and related costs, as well as prototyping and other material costs. Additional expenses included are telecommunication and network expenses, employee salaries, call center, and other expenses related to providing the TiVo service. Cost of service revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2004 increased 34% or $1.4 million compared to the same prior-year period. Total customer care center expenses for the three months ended April 30, 2004 increased by 82% or $711,000 compared to the same prior-year period due to an increased level of staffing. Additionally, expenses to add an online community site as an additional support option for TiVo end users increased 56% or $80,000 and customer satisfaction programs increased by $70,000 for the three months ended April 30, 2004. Cost of technology revenues decreased by approximately 46% or $1.7 million for the three months ended April 30, 2004 as compared to the same prior-year period. This decrease was due to decreased expenses related to providing engineering professional services to customers under agreements for which expenses exceeded the budgeted revenues.

 

Cost of hardware revenues.

 

    

Three Months Ended

April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
    

(In thousands,

except percentages)

 

Cost of hardware revenues

   $ 16,850     $ 14,178  

Change from same prior-year period

     19 %     NM  

Percentage of net revenues

     49 %     50 %

Hardware Gross Margin

   $ (2,513 )   $ 631  

 

Costs of hardware revenues include all product costs and direct costs associated with the TiVo-enabled DVRs we distribute and sell, including manufacturing-related overhead and personnel expenses, warranty expenses, certain licensing expenses, and order fulfillment expenses such as shipping costs. We engage a contract manufacturer to build TiVo-enabled DVRs. We do this to enable our service revenues and, as a result, do not intend to generate significant gross margins from these hardware sales. Cost of hardware revenues are driven by a variety of factors related to inventory and channel management. Cost of hardware revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2004 increased 19% as compared to the same prior-year period primarily as a result of additional expenses due to revaluing inventory to the lower of cost or net realizable value. This additional expense resulted in hardware gross loss for the three months ended April 30, 2004.

 

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Table of Contents

Research and development expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
    

(In thousands,

except percentages)

 

Research and development expenses

   $ 8,999     $ 5,472  

Change from same prior-year period

     64 %     9 %

Percentage of net revenues

     26 %     19 %

 

Our research and development expenses consist primarily of employee salaries, related expenses, and consulting fees. Research and development expenses for the three months ended April 30, 2004 increased over the same prior-year period primarily due to increased salary expenses related to an increase in engineering regular headcount of 53 employees. Additionally, contributing to the increase was fewer engineers redeployed from research and development activities to engineering professional services activities.

 

Sales and marketing expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
    

(In thousands,

except percentages)

 

Sales and marketing expenses

   $ 5,600     $ 3,999  

Change from same prior-year period

     40 %     -87 %

Percentage of net revenues

     16 %     14 %

 

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses, media advertising, public relations activities, special promotions, trade shows, and the production of product related items, including collateral and videos. Sales and marketing expenses also include expenses that consist of cash and non-cash charges related primarily to agreements with related parties.

 

The largest contributor to the increase of sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended April 30, 2004, in terms of absolute dollars, was advertising of $532,000. Another contributor was programming production video expense that increased 283% or $305,000. We expect our sales and marketing expenses for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2005 to be higher than the fiscal year ended January 31, 2004 due to increased subscription acquisition activities.

 

General and administrative expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
    

(In thousands,

except percentages)

 

General and administrative expenses

   $ 4,239     $ 3,778  

Change from same prior-year period

     12 %     1 %

Percentage of net revenues

     12 %     13 %

 

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses for executive, administrative, accounting, information systems, customer operations personnel, facility costs, and professional fees. General and administrative expenses for the three months ended April 30, 2004 increased compared to the same prior-year period primarily due to increased legal expenses of $333,000 for legal consulting of general corporate matters.

 

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Table of Contents

Interest income. Interest income resulting from cash and cash equivalents held in interest bearing accounts for the three months April 30, 2004 doubled levels from the same prior-year period. The increase was a result of significantly higher levels of cash and cash equivalents, approximately $98.7 million, for the three months ended April 30, 2004.

 

Interest expense and other. Interest expense and other consists of cash and non-cash charges related to interest expense paid to related parties and non-related parties. Interest expense and other for the three months ended April 30, 2004 decreased 49% from the same prior-year period primarily due to fewer convertible notes payable that were due interest payments. Non-cash interest expense for the three months ended April 30, 2004 was $465,000 attributable to the amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the beneficial conversion feature of the convertible notes payable, the amortization of the issuance of warrants to noteholders, and the amortization of debt issuance costs related to the conversion of other convertible notes payable, respectively. During the three months ended April 30, 2003 non-cash interest expense was $916,000 attributable to the amortization of the discount pertaining to the value of the beneficial conversion feature of the convertible notes payable, the amortization of the issuance of warrants to noteholders, and the amortization of debt issuance costs for the convertible notes payable.

 

Cash interest expense for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 was primarily comprised of $183,000 and $183,000, respectively, for coupon interest expense on the convertible notes payable. Cash interest expense – related parties for the three months ended April 30, 2003 consisted of $175,000 for coupon interest expense on the convertible notes payable and interest expense payable to our consumer electronics manufacturers according to negotiated deferred payment schedules.

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands)  

Total cash interest expense

   $ 194     $ 358  

Total non-cash interest expense

     465       916  
    


 


Total interest expense

     659       1,274  

Total other expenses

     (3 )     —    
    


 


Total interest expense and other

   $ 656     $ 1,274  
    


 


Change from same prior-year period

     (49 )%     (36 )%

 

Provision for income taxes. Income tax expense for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 was primarily due to franchise taxes paid to various states and foreign withholding taxes.

 

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Table of Contents

Quarterly Results of Operations

 

The following table represents certain unaudited statement of operations data for our eight most recent quarters ended April 30, 2004. In management’s opinion, this unaudited information has been prepared on the same basis as the audited annual financial statements and includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair representation of the unaudited information for the quarters presented. This information should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, which are included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. The results of operations for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any future period. Prior quarters have been reclassified in order to conform to current quarter classifications.

 

     Three Months Ended

 
     Apr 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


    Jul 31,
2003


    Apr 30,
2003


    Jan 31,
2003


    Oct 31,
2002


     Jul 31,
2002


 
     (unaudited, in thousands except per share data)  

Revenues

                                                                 

Service revenues

   $ 22,159     $ 19,083     $ 16,018     $ 13,757     $ 12,702     $ 11,350     $ 10,185      $ 9,510  

Technology revenues

     3,015       2,126       6,656       3,649       3,366       2,365       2,556        14,344  

Hardware revenues

     14,337       25,537       24,479       8,057       14,809       14,511       16,220        11,109  

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel

     (4,988 )     (4,114 )     (3,897 )     1,209       (2,357 )     (5,212 )     (3,968 )      —    
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


  


Net revenues

     34,523       42,632       43,256       26,672       28,520       23,014       24,993        34,963  

Costs of Revenues

                                                                 

Cost of service revenues

     5,593       5,252       4,370       3,909       4,174       4,719       3,852        4,387  

Cost of technology revenues

     1,962       2,496       4,464       3,020       3,629       2,110       1,442        3,189  

Cost of hardware revenues

     16,850       26,687       25,413       8,558       14,178       14,048       15,588        11,346  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


  


Total costs of revenues

     24,405       34,435       34,247       15,487       21,981       20,877       20,882        18,922  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


  


Gross margin

     10,118       8,197       9,009       11,185       6,539       2,137       4,111        16,041  

Operating Expenses

                                                                 

Research and development

     8,999       5,474       5,432       5,789       5,472       6,319       4,875        4,518  

Sales and marketing

     5,600       4,742       5,704       4,502       3,999       3,965       4,333        9,042  

General and administrative

     4,239       4,508       3,949       4,061       3,778       3,365       3,752        3,589  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


  


Loss from operations

     (8,720 )     (6,527 )     (6,076 )     (3,167 )     (6,710 )     (11,512 )     (8,849 )      (1,108 )

Interest income

     327       135       133       116       114       149       89        146  

Interest expense and other

     (656 )     (5,672 )     (1,330 )     (1,311 )     (1,274 )     (21,003 )     (2,609 )      (1,965 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


  


Loss before income taxes

     (9,049 )     (12,064 )     (7,273 )     (4,362 )     (7,870 )     (32,366 )     (11,369 )      (2,927 )

Provision for income taxes

     (18 )     (297 )     (115 )     (25 )     (12 )     (164 )     (150 )      (111 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


  


Net loss

   $ (9,067 )   $ (12,361 )   $ (7,388 )   $ (4,387 )   $ (7,882 )   $ (32,530 )   $ (11,519 )    $ (3,038 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


  


Net loss per share

                                                                 

Basic and diluted

   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.18 )   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.07 )   $ (0.12 )   $ (0.56 )   $ (0.23 )    $ (0.06 )

Weighted average shares used to calculate basic and diluted net loss per share

     79,800       69,055       68,226       65,834       64,021       58,496       51,041        47,994  

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We have financed our operations and met our capital expenditure requirements primarily from the proceeds of the sale of equity and debt securities. Our cash resources are subject, in part, to the amount and timing of cash received from subscriptions, licensing and engineering professional services customers, and hardware customers. At April 30, 2004, we had $138.4 million of cash and cash equivalents. For the fiscal year ending January 31, 2005, we plan to significantly increase our investment in subscription acquisition activities with a focus on growing TiVo-Owned subscriptions. We believe our cash and cash equivalents and funds generated from operations represent sufficient resources to fund operations, capital expenditures, and working capital needs through the fiscal year ending January 31, 2005.

 

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Table of Contents

Statement of Cash Flows Discussion

 

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows provided by operations, by financing activities, and our revolving line of credit facility with Silicon Valley Bank. Although we currently anticipate that our available funds and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our cash needs through the fiscal year ending January 31, 2005, we may require or choose to obtain additional financing. Our ability to obtain financing will depend, among other things, on our development efforts, business plans, operating performance, and condition of the capital markets at the time we seek financing. We cannot assure you that the additional financing will be available to us on favorable terms when required, or at all. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, equity-linked or debt securities, those securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to the rights of our common stock, and our stockholders may experience dilution. Please refer to “Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results” below for further discussion.

 

The following table summarizes our cash flow activities:

 

     Three Months Ended
April 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
     (In thousands)  

Net cash used in operating activities

   $ (6,340 )   $ (5,574 )

Net cash used in investing activities

     (750 )     (407 )

Net cash provided by financing activities

     2,215       1,437  

 

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

 

Net cash used in operating activities during the three months ended April 30, 2004 increased 14% or $766,000 as compared to the same prior-year period. This increase was primarily attributable to an increase in payments for accounts payable and accrued liabilities of approximately $2.5 million during the three months ended April 30, 2004 as compared to same prior-year period. Another contributor to the increase in net cash used in operating activities was the increase in net loss of approximately $1.2 million. The primary change in net loss was an increase in research and development expenses of $3.5 million. The increase in net cash used in operations was partially offset by the increase in revenues from subscriptions.

 

Cash from deferred revenues has increased because we sell product lifetime subscriptions and receive up front license and engineering professional services payments. These activities cause us to receive cash payments in advance of providing the services for which the cash is received, which we recognize as deferred revenues.

 

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

 

The increases in net cash used in investing activities for both the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 were primarily attributable to increased purchases of property and equipment to support our business.

 

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

 

The principal source of cash generated from financing activities relates to the issuance of common stock through our employee stock purchase plan. These transactions generated $1.2 million and $820,000, respectively, for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003. Additionally, $987,000 and $617,000 were obtained from the issuance of common stock for stock options exercised for the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

29


Table of Contents

Financing Agreements

 

January 2004 Common Stock Offering. On January 30, 2004, we issued 8,000,000 shares of our common stock, par value $.001 per share, at $9.30 per share to institutional investors managed by a large investment management firm headquartered in Boston. The issuance of the shares was registered pursuant to our $100 million universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-106731). Our net proceeds from this sale were approximately $74.1 million after deducting our estimated offering expenses. We intend to use the net proceeds for general corporate purposes, primarily to fund sales, marketing and customer acquisitions, and secondarily to fund research and development, capital expenditures and working capital. Pending the application of the net proceeds, have invested the proceeds in investment-grade, interest-bearing securities.

 

$100 Million Universal Shelf Registration Statement. We have an effective universal shelf registration statement on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under which we may issue up to $100,000,000 of securities, including debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, and warrants. As a result of the January 2004 common stock offering described above, there is $25,600,000 of remaining availability under this shelf registration statement. On March 18, 2004, we filed a new universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-113719) that, was declared effective on June 7, 2004, which increased the securities available to be issued under the combined registration statements to $100,000,000. Depending upon market conditions, we may issue securities under these or future registration statements.

 

7% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2006. On August 28, 2001, we closed a private placement of $51.8 million in face value of convertible notes payable and received cash proceeds of approximately $43.7 million from investors. In addition, we received non-cash consideration of $8.1 million in the form of advertising and promotional services from Discovery Communications, Inc. and the National Broadcasting Company, Inc., who were existing stockholders. Debt issuance costs were approximately $3.6 million, resulting in net cash proceeds of approximately $40.1 million. Of the total proceeds of $51.8 million, $8.1 million was recorded as prepaid advertising and promotional services. As part of the transaction, we paid $5.0 million in October 2001 to NBC for advertising that ran during the period that began October 1, 2001 and ended March 31, 2002.

 

During the period beginning on December 30, 2002 and ending on January 28, 2003, we temporarily reduced the conversion price of our convertible notes payable from $3.99 to $3.70 per share pursuant to the indenture governing the notes in order to induce early conversions. During this period, $22.7 million in principal amount of the $43.2 million outstanding principal amount of the notes was converted into an aggregate of 6,135,400 shares of our common stock. The reduced conversion price resulted in 445,936 shares of common stock being issued in addition to the 5,689,464 shares of common stock that would have been issuable upon conversion of the $22.7 million principal amount of notes at $3.99 per share.

 

Loan and Security Agreement. On July 17, 2003, we entered into a loan and security agreement with Silicon Valley Bank, whereby Silicon Valley Bank agreed to extend to us a revolving line of credit of up to the lesser of $6 million or a borrowing base. The borrowing base is equal to the sum of 80% of eligible accounts receivable plus 100% of pledged certificates of deposit (up to $2.0 million). The line of credit is secured by a first priority security interest on all of our assets except for our intellectual property. We are required to maintain at least $2.0 million in pledged certificates of deposit with Silicon Valley Bank during the term of the line of credit. The line of credit bears interest at the greater of prime plus 0.75% or 5.00% per annum, but in an event of default, the interest rate becomes 3.00% above the rate in effect immediately before the event of default. The loan and security agreement includes, among other terms and conditions, limitations on our ability to dispose of our assets; merge or consolidate with or into another person or entity; create, incur, assume or be liable for indebtedness (other than certain types of permitted indebtedness, including existing and subordinated debt and debt to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of business); create, incur or allow any lien on any of our property or assign any right to receive income except for certain permitted liens; make investments; pay dividends; or make distributions; and contains a requirement that we maintain certain financial ratios. At April 30, 2004, we were in compliance with these covenants and had zero amounts outstanding under the line of credit. The line of credit terminates and all borrowings are due on June 30, 2004, but may be terminated earlier by us without penalty upon written notice and prompt repayment of all amounts borrowed.

 

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Contractual Obligations

 

As of April 30, 2004, we had contractual obligations to make the following cash payments:

 

     Payments by Period

Contractual Obligations


   Total

   Less than 1
year


   1-3 years

   4-5 years

  

Over 5

years


     (In thousands)

Operating leases

   $ 9,269    $ 3,257    $ 6,012    $ —        —  

Purchase obligations

     14,180      14,180      —        —        —  

Long-term convertible notes payable at face value

     10,450      —        10,450      —        —  

Coupon interest on long-term convertible notes payable

     1,884      732      1,152      —        —  
    

  

  

  

  

Total contractual cash obligations

   $ 35,783    $ 18,169    $ 17,614    $ —      $ —  
    

  

  

  

  

Other commercial commitments as of April 30, 2004, were as follows:

     Total

   Less than 1
year


   1-3 years

   4-5 years

  

Over 5

years


     (In thousands)

Standby letter of credit

   $ 477    $ —      $ 477    $ —      $ —  
    

  

  

  

  

Total commercial commitments

   $ 477    $ —      $ 477    $ —      $ —  
    

  

  

  

  

 

Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results

 

The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business.

 

We have incurred significant net losses and may never achieve profitability.

 

We have incurred significant net losses and have had substantial negative cash flows. During the three months ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 our net loss was $(9.1) million and $(7.9) million, respectively. As of April 30, 2004, we had an accumulated deficit of $(586.3) million. We expect to incur significant operating expenses over the next several years in connection with the continued development and expansion of our business. As a result, we expect to continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future. The size of these net losses depends in part on our subscription revenues and on our expenses. We will need to generate significant additional revenues to achieve profitability. Consequently, we may never achieve profitability, and even if we do, we may not sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future.

 

We face intense competition from a number of sources, which may impair our revenues, increase our subscription acquisition cost, and hinder our ability to generate new subscriptions.

 

The DVR market is rapidly evolving and we expect to face significant competition. Moreover, the market for in-home entertainment is intensely competitive and subject to rapid technological change. As a result of this intense competition, we could incur increased subscription acquisition cost that could adversely affect our ability to reach sustained profitability in the future. If new technologies render the DVR market obsolete, we may be unable to generate sufficient revenue to cover our expenses and obligations.

 

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We believe that the principal competitive factors in the DVR market are brand recognition and awareness, functionality, ease of use, availability, and pricing. We currently see two primary categories of DVR competitors: DVRs offered by consumer electronics companies, and DVRs offered by cable and satellite operators.

 

Within each of these two categories, the competition can be further segmented into those offering what we define as basic DVR functionality, and those offering enhanced DVR functionality. Basic DVR functionality includes no or limited program guide data and “VCR-like” controls with manual timeslot-based recordings, usually with no DVR service fee after the consumer purchases the enabling hardware. The TiVo Basic service is an example of basic DVR functionality. Enhanced DVR functionality includes rich program guide data and enhanced scheduling and personalization features, and may or may not require a DVR service fee. The TiVo service is an example of enhanced DVR functionality.

 

Consumer Electronics Competitors. We compete against several types of products with basic or enhanced DVR functionality offered by consumer electronics companies. These products record an analog television signal output from a cable or satellite set-top box, analog cable feed, or antenna.

 

  DVRs: ReplayTV has been our primary competitor in the standalone DVR market, offering products with some enhanced DVR functionality. ReplayTV was acquired by D&M Holdings in 2003. D&M Holdings is the parent company of Denon and Marantz, manufacturers of premium audio and video consumer electronics products. In addition, a number of companies have introduced or announced plans for DVRs that can record HD content, including RCA and Lucky Goldstar.

 

  DVD devices with integrated DVRs: Several consumer electronics companies, including Thomson Multimedia and Panasonic, are producing DVRs integrated with DVD players or DVD recorders. In general, these products do not require DVR service fees, and offer basic DVR functionality.

 

  Personal computers with DVR software: Several companies are developing DVR software for PC and PC-related platforms. For example, Microsoft’s Windows XP Media Center Edition contains expanded digital media features including some enhanced DVR functionality.

 

Satellite and Cable DVR Competitors. The DIRECTV satellite receiver with TiVo service competes against other cable and satellite set-top boxes that integrate basic or enhanced DVR functionality into multi-channel receivers.

 

  Satellite: EchoStar released the DishPVR 501 in 2001, which combined EchoStar Dish Network satellite reception with basic DVR functionality, including repeating timer-based recordings. In July 2002, EchoStar released the DishPVR 721, which offers a limited DVR feature set. EchoStar has also released the DishPVR 921, system for High Definition signals. Additionally, NDS, a company owned by News Corp., a significant stockholder of DIRECTV, has announced that it intends to compete with us to provide additional DVR technology to DIRECTV customers.

 

  Cable: Scientific-Atlanta sells Explorer 8000 integrated digital cable DVR set-top box to cable operators. This product combines digital and analog cable reception with dual-tuner DVR functionality. Motorola has announced its own plans for integrated cable DVRs. In addition, Motorola has announced plans to build integrated cable DVRs for cable operator Charter Communications using Moxi Media Center software from Digeo. Other DVR technology providers targeting the integrated DVR space include set-top box manufacturers Pioneer and Pace, and software providers NDS and Canal+ Technologies.

 

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  Video on Demand: U.S. cable operators are currently deploying server-based Video on Demand (VOD) technology from SeaChange, Concurrent, nCube, and others, which could potentially evolve into competition. Server-based VOD relies on content servers located within the cable operator’s central head-end that stream video across the network to a digital cable set-top box within the consumer’s home. Cable operators can use VOD to deliver movies, television shows, and other content to consumers. Consumers can watch this programming on demand, with VCR-like pausing and rewinding capabilities. Operators can charge consumers for access to VOD content on a per-transaction or monthly subscription basis, or can offer content without charge. To the extent that cable operators begin to offer regular television programming as part of their VOD offerings, consumers will have an alternate means of watching time-shifted shows to using DVRs.

 

Licensing Fees. Our licensing revenues depend both upon our ability to successfully negotiate licensing agreements with our consumer electronics and service provider customers and, in turn, upon our customers’ successful commercialization of their underlying products. In addition, we face competition from companies such as Microsoft, OpenTV, NDS, D&M Holdings, Digeo, Ucentric, and Gotuit who have created competing digital video recording technologies. Such companies may offer more economically attractive licensing agreements to service providers and manufacturers of DVRs.

 

Established competition for advertising budgets. Digital video recorder services, in general, and TiVo, specifically, also compete with traditional advertising media such as print, radio, and television for a share of advertisers’ total advertising budgets. If advertisers do not perceive digital video recording services, in general, and TiVo specifically, as an effective advertising medium, they may be reluctant to devote a significant portion of their advertising budget to promotions on the TiVo service. In addition, advertisers may not support or embrace the TiVo technology due to a belief that our technology’s ability to fast-forward through commercials will reduce the effectiveness of general television advertising.

 

We depend on a limited number of third parties to manufacture, distribute, and supply critical components and services for the DVRs that enable the TiVo service. We may be unable to operate our business if these parties do not perform their obligations.

 

The TiVo service is enabled through the use of a DVR made available by us through a third-party contract manufacturer and a limited number of other third parties. In addition, we rely on sole suppliers for a number of key components for the DVRs. We do not control the time and resources that these third parties devote to our business. We cannot be sure that these parties will perform their obligations as expected or that any revenue, cost savings, or other benefits will be derived from the efforts of these parties. If any of these parties breaches or terminates its agreement with us or otherwise fails to perform their obligations in a timely manner, we may be delayed or prevented from commercializing our products and services. Because our relationships with these parties are non-exclusive, they may also support products and services that compete directly with us, or offer similar or greater support to our competitors. Any of these events could require us to undertake unforeseen additional responsibilities or devote additional resources to commercialize our products and services. This outcome would harm our ability to compete effectively and achieve increased market acceptance and brand recognition.

 

In addition, we face the following risks in relying on these third parties:

 

If our manufacturing relationships are not successful, we may be unable to satisfy demand for our products and services. We manufacture DVRs that enable the TiVo service through a third-party contract manufacturer. We also have entered and anticipate entering into agreements with consumer electronics manufacturers to manufacture and distribute DVRs that enable the TiVo service. However, we have no minimum volume commitments from any manufacturer. The ability of our consumer electronics manufacturers to reach sufficient production volume of DVRs to satisfy anticipated demand is subject to delays and unforeseen problems such as defects, shortages of critical components and cost overruns. Moreover, they will require substantial lead times to manufacture anticipated quantities of the DVRs that enable the TiVo service. Delays, product shortages, and other problems could impair the retail distribution and brand image and make it difficult for

 

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us to attract subscriptions. In addition, the loss of a manufacturer would require us to identify and contract with alternative sources of manufacturing, which we may be unable to do and which could prove time-consuming and expensive. Although we expect to continue to contract with additional consumer electronics companies for the manufacture of DVRs in the future, we may be unable to establish additional relationships on acceptable terms.

 

We are dependent on single suppliers for several key components and services. If these suppliers fail to perform their obligations, we may be unable to find alternative suppliers or deliver our products and services to our customers on time. We currently rely on sole suppliers for a number of the key components used in the TiVo-enabled DVRs and the TiVo service. For example:

 

  NEC is the sole supplier of the CPU and application specific integrated circuit semiconductor devices;

 

  Broadcom is the sole supplier of the MPEG2 encoder and decoder semiconductor devices;

 

  Amtek is the sole supplier of the chassis; and

 

  ATMEL is the sole supplier of the secure microcontroller semiconductor device.

 

Because we do not require customized components from NEC, Broadcom, Amtek, or ATMEL suppliers, we do not have binding supply agreements with these suppliers. Therefore, they are not contractually obligated to supply us with these key components on a long-term basis or at all. In addition to the above, we have several sole suppliers for key components of our products currently under development.

 

Tribune is the sole supplier of the program guide data for the TiVo service. On January 12, 2004, we executed a new Television Listings Data Agreement with Tribune Media Services, Inc. (“Tribune”), the current sole supplier of program guide data for the TiVo service. This agreement supersedes our existing television listing agreement with Tribune, which was originally executed in 1998.

 

If our arrangements or our consumer electronics manufacturers’ arrangements with NEC, Broadcom, Amtek, ATMEL or Tribune Media Services were to terminate or expire, or if we or our manufacturers were unable to obtain sufficient quantities of these components or required program guide data from our suppliers, our search for alternate suppliers could result in significant delays, added expense or disruption in product or service availability.

 

Intellectual property claims against us could be costly and could result in the loss of significant rights.

 

From time to time, we receive letters form third parties alleging that we are infringing their intellectual property. Regardless of their merit, we are forced to devote time and resources to respond to these letters. In addition, if any of these third parties or others were to sue us, our business could be harmed because intellectual property litigation may:

 

  be time-consuming and expensive;

 

  divert management’s attention and resources away from our business;

 

  cause delays in product delivery and new service introduction;

 

  cause the cancellation of new products or services; or

 

  require us to pay significant royalties and/or licensing fees.

 

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The emerging enhanced-television industry is highly litigious, particularly in the area of on-screen program guides. Additionally, many patents covering interactive television technologies have been granted but have not been commercialized. For example, we are aware of multiple patents for pausing live television. A number of companies in the enhanced-television industry earn substantial profits from technology licensing, and the introduction of new technologies such as ours is likely to provoke lawsuits from such companies. A successful claim of infringement against us, our inability to obtain an acceptable license from the holder of the patent or other right, or our inability to design around an asserted patent or other right could cause our manufacturers to cease manufacturing DVRs that enable the TiVo service, our retailers to stop selling the product or us to cease providing our service, or all of the above, which would eliminate our ability to generate revenues.

 

Under our agreements with many of our manufacturing and licensing partners, we are obligated to indemnify them in the event that our technology infringes upon the intellectual property rights of third parties. Due to these indemnity obligations, we could be forced to incur material expenses if our manufacturing and licensing partners are sued. If they were to lose the lawsuit, our business could be harmed. In addition, because the products sold by our manufacturing and licensing partners often involve the use of other persons’ technology, this increases our exposure to litigation in circumstances where there is a claim of infringement asserted against the product in question, even if the claim does not pertain to our technology.

 

Pending intellectual property litigations. On September 25, 2001, Pause Technology filed a complaint against us in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Reissue Patent No. 36,801, entitled “Time Delayed Digital Video System Using Concurrent Recording and Playback.” Pause Technology alleges that it is the owner of this patent, and further alleges that we have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell, and using within the United States the TiVo-enabled DVR. Pause Technology seeks unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against our operations. It also seeks attorneys’ fees and costs. On February 6, 2004, we obtained a favorable summary judgment ruling in the case in the District Court. The court ruled that our software versions 2.0 and above do not infringe Pause’s patent, and accordingly has ordered that judgment be entered in our favor. On March 3, 2004, Pause Technology filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeal for the Federal Circuit, appealing the February 6, 2004 summary judgment ruling in favor of TiVo. We are incurring expenses in connection with this litigation, which may become material, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

On February 5, 2002, Sony Corporation notified us that Command Audio Corporation had filed a complaint against Sony Electronics, Inc. on February 2, 2002 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint alleges that, in connection with its sale of digital video recorders and other products, Sony infringes upon two patents owned by Command Audio (U.S. Patent Nos. 5,590,195 (“Information Dissemination Using Various Transmission Modes”) and 6,330,334 (“Method and System for Information Dissemination Using Television Signals”). The complaint seeks injunctive relief, compensatory and treble damages and Command Audio’s costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees. Under the terms of our agreement with Sony governing the distribution of certain DVRs that enable the TiVo service, we are required to indemnify Sony against any and all claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses relating to claims that our technology infringes upon intellectual property rights owned by third parties. We believe Sony has meritorious defenses against this lawsuit; however, due to our indemnification obligations, we are incurring material expenses in connection with this litigation. Since February 2002, we have incurred $4.8 million in legal expenses. The outcome of this matter or range of potential losses is currently not determinable. If Sony were to lose this lawsuit, our business could be harmed.

 

In addition, we are aware that some media companies may attempt to form organizations to develop standards and practices in the digital video recorder industry. These organizations or individual media companies may attempt to require companies in the digital video recorder industry to obtain copyright or other licenses. Lawsuits or other actions taken by these types of organizations or companies could make it more difficult for us to introduce new services, delay widespread consumer acceptance of our products and services, restrict our use of some television content, increase our costs, and adversely affect our business.

 

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We are highly dependent on our relationship with DIRECTV for subscription growth.

 

Our relationship with DIRECTV could be affected in the future by News Corp.’s acquisition of The DIRECTV Group. On December 22, 2003, News Corp. acquired General Motors 19.8% economic interest in Hughes, subsequently renamed The DIRECTV Group. Simultaneously, News Corp. acquired an additional 14.2% of The DIRECTV Group for a total of 34% of its outstanding stock. It is possible that DIRECTV under News Corp. could seek to transition to an alternative DVR technology platform, such as that created by NDS, which is majority owned by News Corp. It is also possible News Corp. may slow the pace of DVR deployment by DIRECTV in an effort to protect its content businesses from perceived threats posed by DVRs.

 

If our current agreement with DIRECTV expires without being renewed, amended, or replaced, our business could be harmed. A significant number of our new and existing TiVo service subscriptions are DIRECTV customers with TiVo. Our current agreement with DIRECTV does not expire until February 2007. Neither TiVo nor DIRECTV will have any further obligations to each other, if our current agreement with DIRECTV expires without being renewed, amended, or replaced. While DIRECTV would have the right to continue to service existing DIRECTV receivers with TiVo without payment to us, it would not have the right to add new DIRECTV customers with TiVo. And while TiVo would no longer be able to generate additional revenue from the then-current DIRECTV customers with TiVo, we would have no further obligation to provide upgrades, fixes, new features, or software support. DIRECTV, however, also has the option under our current agreement to buy a royalty-bearing software and technology license from us. This license would grant DIRECTV access to our source code and technology to make, modify (with certain exceptions), sell, and distribute DIRECTV receivers with TiVo to add new subscribers after the expiration of our current agreement.

 

Our limited operating history may make it difficult for us or investors to evaluate trends and other factors that affect our business.

 

We were incorporated in August 1997 and we have been providing subscription services only since March 31, 1999. Prior to that time, our operations consisted primarily of research and development efforts. To date, only a limited number of DVRs have been sold and we have obtained only a limited number of subscriptions to the TiVo service.

 

As a result of our limited operating history, our historical financial and operating information is of limited value in evaluating our future operating results. It may be difficult to predict accurately our future revenues, costs of revenues, expenses, or results of operations. In addition, any evaluation of our business must be made in light of the risks and difficulties encountered by companies offering products or services in new and rapidly evolving markets. DVR services are a relatively new product category for consumers and it may be difficult to predict the future growth rate, if any, or size of the market for our products and services. We may be unable to accurately forecast customer behavior and recognize or respond to emerging trends, changing preferences or competitive factors facing us. As a result, we may be unable to make accurate financial forecasts and adjust our spending in a timely manner to compensate for any unexpected revenue shortfall. Such inability could cause our net losses in a given quarter to be greater than expected, which could cause the price of our stock to decline.

 

We face a number of challenges in the sale and marketing of the TiVo service and products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Our success depends upon the successful retail marketing of the TiVo service and related DVRs, which began in the third quarter of calendar year 1999.

 

Many consumers are not aware of the benefits of our products. DVR products and services represent a relatively new consumer electronics category. Retailers, consumers, and potential partners may perceive little or no benefit from digital

 

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video recorder products and services. We have only been providing the TiVo service since 1999 and many consumers are not aware of its benefits and therefore, may not value the TiVo service and products that enable the TiVo service. We will need to devote a substantial amount of time and resources to educate consumers and promote our products in order to increase our subscriptions. We cannot be sure that a broad base of consumers will ultimately subscribe to the TiVo service or purchase the products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Consumers may not be willing to pay for our products and services. Many of our customers already pay monthly fees for cable or satellite television. We must convince these consumers to pay an additional subscription fee to receive the TiVo service. Consumers may perceive the TiVo service and related DVR as too expensive. In order to continue to grow our subscription base, we will need to continue to reduce our costs and lower the price of our DVR. The availability of competing services that do not require subscription fees or that are enabled by low or no cost DVRs will harm our ability to effectively attract and retain subscriptions. In addition, DVRs that enable the TiVo service can be used to pause, rewind, and fast-forward through live shows without an active subscription to the TiVo service. If a significant number of purchasers of the TiVo-enabled DVRs use these devices without subscribing to the TiVo service or cancel their existing subscriptions, our revenue growth will decline and we may not achieve profitability.

 

We compete with other consumer electronics products and home entertainment services for consumer spending. DVRs and the TiVo service compete in markets that are crowded with other consumer electronics products and home entertainment services. The competition for consumer spending is intense and many consumers on limited budgets may choose other products and services over ours. DVRs compete for consumer spending with products such as DVD players, satellite television systems, personal computers, and video game consoles. The TiVo service competes with home entertainment services such as cable and satellite television, movie rentals, pay-per-view, and video on demand. See “We face intense competition from a number of sources, which may impair our revenues and ability to generate subscriptions.”

 

Many of these products or services have established markets, broad user bases, and proven consumer acceptance. In addition, many of the manufacturers and distributors of these competing devices and services have substantially greater brand recognition, market presence, distribution channels, advertising and marketing budgets and promotional, and other strategic partners. Faced with this competition, we may be unable to effectively differentiate the DVR or the TiVo service from other consumer electronics devices or entertainment services.

 

We compete with digital cable and satellite DVRs. Cable and satellite service providers are accelerating deployment of integrated cable and satellite receivers with DVRs that bundle basic DVR services with other digital services and do not require their customer to purchase hardware. If we are not able to enter into agreements with these service providers to embed the TiVo service into their offerings, our ability to attract their subscribers to the TiVo service would be limited and our business, financial condition and results of operations would be harmed.

 

It is expensive to establish a strong brand. We believe that establishing and strengthening the TiVo brand is critical to achieving widespread acceptance of our products and services and to establishing key strategic relationships. The importance of brand recognition will increase as current and potential competitors enter the digital video recorder market with competing products and services. Our ability to promote and position our brand depends largely on the success of our marketing efforts and our ability to provide high quality services and customer support. These activities are expensive and we may not generate a corresponding increase in subscriptions or revenues to justify these costs. If we fail to establish and maintain our brand, or if our brand value is damaged or diluted, we may be unable to attract subscriptions and effectively compete in the digital video recorder market.

 

We rely on our customers and consumer electronics manufacturers to market and distribute our products and services. In addition to our own efforts, our customers and consumer electronics manufacturers distribute DVRs that enable the TiVo service. We rely on their sales forces, marketing budgets and brand images to promote and support DVRs and the TiVo service. We expect to continue to rely on our relationships with these companies to promote and support DVRs and other devices that enable the TiVo service. The loss of one or more of these companies could require us to undertake more of these activities on our own. As a result, we would spend significant resources to support DVRs and other devices that enable

 

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the TiVo service. We also expect to rely on DIRECTV and other partners to provide marketing support for the TiVo service. The failure of one or more of these companies to provide anticipated marketing support will require us to divert more of our limited resources to marketing the TiVo service. If we are unable to provide adequate marketing support for DVRs and the TiVo service, our ability to attract subscriptions to the TiVo service will be limited.

 

We may agree to share a substantial portion of the revenue we generate from subscription fees with some of our customers and consumer electronics companies. We may be unable to generate enough revenue to cover these obligations.

 

In previous agreements, we have agreed to share a substantial portion of our subscription and other fees with some of our customers and consumer electronics manufacturing companies in exchange for manufacturing, distribution and marketing support, and discounts on key components for DVRs. Under these agreements, we may be required to share substantial portions of the subscription and other fees attributable to the same subscription with multiple companies. These agreements also require us to share a portion of our subscription fees whether or not we increase or decrease the price of the TiVo service. If we change our subscription fees in response to competitive or other market factors, our operating results would be adversely affected. Our decision to share subscription revenues is based on our expectation that these relationships will help us obtain subscriptions, broaden market acceptance of digital video recorders, and increase our future revenues. If these expectations are not met, we may be unable to generate sufficient revenue to cover our expenses and obligations.

 

If we are unable to create multiple revenue streams, we may not be able to cover our expenses.

 

Although our initial success depends on building a significant customer base and generating subscription fees from the TiVo service, our long-term success will depend on securing additional revenue streams such as:

 

  licensing;

 

  advertising;

 

  audience measurement research;

 

  revenues from programmers; and

 

  electronic commerce.

 

In order to derive substantial revenues from these activities, we will need to attract and retain a large and growing base of subscriptions to the TiVo service. We also will need to work closely with television advertisers, cable and satellite network operators, electronic commerce companies, and consumer electronics manufacturers to develop products and services in these areas. We may not be able to work effectively with these parties to develop products that generate revenues that are sufficient to justify their costs. In addition, we are currently obligated to share a portion of these revenues with several of our strategic partners. Any inability to attract and retain a large and growing group of subscriptions and strategic partners will seriously harm our ability to support new services and develop new revenue streams.

 

If we are unable to introduce new products or services, or if our new products and services are unsuccessful or unsatisfactory, our ability to grow our subscription base and retain customers may decrease which could cause our revenues to suffer.

 

To attract and retain subscriptions and generate revenues, we must continue to add functionality and content and introduce products and services which embody new technologies and, in some instances, new industry standards. This challenge will require hardware and software improvements, as well as new collaborations with programmers, advertisers,

 

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network operators, hardware manufacturers, and other strategic partners. These activities require significant time and resources and may require us to develop and promote new ways of generating revenue with established companies in the television industry. These companies include television advertisers, cable and satellite network operators, electronic commerce companies, and consumer electronics manufacturers. In each of these examples, a small number of large companies dominate a major portion of the market and may be reluctant to work with us to develop new products and services for digital video recorders. If we are unable to further develop and improve the TiVo service or expand our operations in a cost-effective or timely manner, our ability to attract and retain customers and generate revenue will suffer.

 

Our ability to retain our current customers may decrease in the future which could increase our TiVo-Owned subscription monthly churn rate and could cause our revenues to suffer.

 

We believe factors such as increased competition in the DVR marketplace, increased price sensitivity in the consumer base, any deterioration in the quality of our service, or product lifetime subscriptions no longer using our service may cause our TiVo-Owned subscription monthly churn rate to increase. If we are unable to retain our subscriptions by limiting the factors that we believe increase subscription churn, our ability to grow our subscription base could suffer and our revenues could be harmed.

 

If we fail to manage our growth, it could disrupt our business and impair our ability to generate revenues.

 

The growth in our subscription base has placed, and will continue to place, a significant strain on our management, operational and financial resources and systems. Specific risks we face as our business expands include:

 

Any inability of our systems to accommodate our expected subscription growth may cause service interruptions or delay our introduction of new services. We internally developed many of the systems we use to provide the TiVo service and perform other processing functions. The ability of these systems to scale as we rapidly add new subscriptions is unproven. We must continually improve these systems to accommodate subscription growth and add features and functionality to the TiVo service. Our inability to add software and hardware or to upgrade our technology, systems or network infrastructure could adversely affect our business, cause service interruptions or delay the introduction of new services.

 

We will need to provide acceptable customer support, and any inability to do so would harm our brand and ability to generate and retain new subscriptions. Our ability to increase sales, retain current and future subscriptions and strengthen our brand will depend in part upon the quality of our customer support operations. Some customers require significant support when installing the DVR and becoming acquainted with the features and functionality of the TiVo service. We have limited experience with widespread deployment of our products and services to a diverse customer base, and we may not have adequate personnel to provide the levels of support that our customers require. In addition, we have entered into agreements with third parties to provide this support and will rely on them for a substantial portion of our customer support functions. Our failure to provide adequate customer support for the TiVo service and DVR will damage our reputation in the digital video recorder and consumer electronics marketplace and strain our relationships with customers and consumer electronics manufacturers. This could prevent us from gaining new or retaining existing subscriptions and could cause harm to our reputation and brand.

 

We will need to improve our operational and financial systems to support our expected growth, and any inability to do so will adversely affect our billing and reporting. To manage the expected growth of our operations, we will need to improve our operational and financial systems, procedures and controls. Our current and planned systems, procedures and controls may not be adequate to support our future operations and expected growth. For example, we replaced our accounting and billing system at the beginning of August 2000. Delays or problems associated with any improvement or expansion of our operational and financial systems and controls could adversely affect our relationships with our customers and cause harm to our reputation and brand. Delays or problems associated with any improvement or expansion of our operational and financial systems and controls could also result in errors in our financial and other reporting.

 

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We must manage product transitions successfully in order to remain competitive.

 

The introduction of a new product or product line is a complex task, involving significant expenditures in research and development, training, promotion and sales channel development, and management of existing product inventories to reduce the cost associated with returns and slow moving inventory. As new products are introduced, we intend to monitor closely the inventory of products to be replaced, and to phase out their manufacture in a controlled manner. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to execute product transitions in this manner or that product transitions will be executed without harming our operating results. Failure to develop products with required features and performance levels or any delay in bringing a new product to market could significantly reduce our revenues and harm our competitive position.

 

The product lifetime subscriptions to the TiVo service that we currently offer commit us to providing services for an indefinite period. The revenue we generate from these subscriptions may be insufficient to cover future costs.

 

We currently offer product lifetime subscriptions that commit us to provide service for as long as the DVR is in service. We receive the product lifetime subscription fee for the TiVo service in advance and amortize it as subscription revenue over four years, which is our estimate of the service life of the DVR. If these product lifetime subscriptions use the DVR for longer than anticipated, we will incur costs without a corresponding revenue stream and therefore will be required to fund ongoing costs of service from other sources. As of April 30, 2004, we had approximately 18,000 product lifetime subscriptions, or approximately 1.13% of our total installed subscription base, had exceeded the four-year period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues.

 

Tiered pricing for the TiVo service may reduce our average revenue per user.

 

We may elect to offer additional tiers of the TiVo service at various price points, which may have the effect of reducing our average revenue per user.

 

The nature of some of our relationships may restrict our ability to operate freely in the future.

 

From time to time, we may engage in discussions with other parties concerning relationships, which may include equity investments by such parties in our company. We currently have such relationships with companies, including DIRECTV and Sony. While we believe that such relationships have enhanced our ability to finance and develop our business model, the terms and conditions of such relationships may place some restrictions on the operation of our business in the future.

 

We have limited experience in overseeing manufacturing processes and managing inventory and failure to do so effectively may result in supply imbalances or product recalls.

 

We have contracted for the manufacture of certain TiVo-enabled DVRs with a contract manufacturer. We sell these units to retailers and distributors, as well as through our own online sales efforts. As part of this effort, we expect to maintain some finished goods inventory of the units throughout the year. Overseeing manufacturing processes and managing inventory are outside of our core business and our experience in these areas is limited. If we fail to effectively oversee the manufacturing process and manage inventory, we may suffer from insufficient inventory to meet consumer demand or excess inventory. Ineffective oversight of the manufacturing process could also result in product recalls.

 

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We have agreed to subsidize the cost of manufacturing DVRs, which may adversely affect our operating results and ability to achieve profitability.

 

In prior years, we entered into agreements with our consumer electronics manufacturers to manufacture DVRs that enable the TiVo service. In certain agreements, we agreed to pay our manufacturers a per-unit subsidy for each DVR that they manufactured and sold. The amount of the payments varied depending upon the manufacturing costs and selling prices. Under some of these arrangements, we paid a portion of the subsidy when the DVR was shipped, and we did not receive any revenues related to the unit until the unit was sold and the purchaser activated the TiVo service. We may make additional subsidy payments in the future to consumer electronic and other manufacturers in an effort to maintain a commercially viable retail price for the DVRs and other devices that enable the TiVo service.

 

Product defects, system failures or interruptions to the TiVo service may have a negative impact on our revenues, damage our reputation and decrease our ability to attract new customers.

 

Our ability to provide uninterrupted service and high quality customer support depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer and communications systems. Our computer hardware and other operating systems for the TiVo service are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, telecommunication failures and similar events. They are also subject to break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism and similar misconduct. These types of interruptions in the TiVo service may reduce our revenues and profits. We currently house the server hardware that delivers the TiVo service at only one location and continue to explore the benefits of establishing a backup facility. Our business also will be harmed if consumers believe our service is unreliable. In addition to placing increased burdens on our engineering staff, service outages will create a flood of customer questions and complaints that must be responded to by our customer support personnel. Any frequent or persistent system failures could irreparably damage our reputation and brand.

 

We have detected and may continue to detect errors and product defects. These problems can affect system uptime and result in significant warranty and repair problems, which could cause customer service and customer relations problems. Correcting errors in our software or fixing defects in our products requires significant time and resources, which could delay product releases and affect market acceptance of the TiVo service. Any delivery by us of products or upgrades with undetected material product defects or software errors could harm our credibility and market acceptance of the DVRs and the TiVo service. In addition, defective products could cause a risk of injury that may subject us to litigation or cause us to have to undertake a product recall. For example, we have become aware of occasions where a part has come loose from the remote control device that comes with the DVRs that enable the TiVo service, including occurrences where a young child has gagged on or ingested a part of the remote control device. While we are unaware of any injuries resulting from the use of our products, if we are required to repair or replace any of our products, we could incur significant costs, which would have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

We need to safeguard the security and privacy of our subscriptions’ confidential data, and any inability to do so may harm our reputation and brand and expose us to legal action.

 

The DVR collects and stores viewer preferences and other data that many of our customers consider confidential. Any compromise or breach of the encryption and other security measures that we use to protect this data could harm our reputation and expose us to potential liability. Advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other events or developments could compromise or breach the systems we use to protect our subscriptions’ confidential information. We may be required to make significant expenditures to protect against security breaches or to remedy problems caused by any breaches.

 

Uncertainty in the marketplace regarding the use of data from subscriptions could reduce demand for the TiVo service and result in increased expenses. Consumers may be concerned about the use of viewing information gathered by the TiVo service and DVR. Currently, we gather anonymous information about our customers’ viewing choices while using the TiVo service, unless a customer affirmatively consents to the collection of personally identifiable viewing information. This anonymous viewing information does not identify the individual customer. Privacy concerns, however, could create uncertainty in the marketplace for digital video recording and our products and services. Changes in our privacy policy could reduce demand for the TiVo service, increase the cost of doing business as a result of litigation costs or increased service delivery costs, or otherwise harm our reputation and business.

 

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We may be required to repurchase our outstanding convertible senior notes upon a repurchase event; however, we may not be able to do so.

 

Holders of our convertible senior notes may require us to repurchase all or any portion of their notes for cash upon a repurchase event, which includes certain changes in control and a failure of our shares of common stock to be listed for trading on Nasdaq or a U.S. national securities exchange. Our Silicon Valley Bank line of credit agreement may limit us, under certain circumstances, from repaying the repurchase price in cash if we have amounts borrowed against it. Additionally, future debt agreements may prohibit us from repaying the repurchase price in cash. If we are prohibited from repurchasing the notes, we could seek consent from our lenders to repurchase the notes. If we are unable to obtain their consent, we could attempt to refinance the notes. If we were unable to obtain a consent or refinance, we would be prohibited from repurchasing the notes. Even if we are not prohibited from repurchasing the notes, we may not have sufficient funds to do so. If we were unable to repurchase the notes upon a repurchase event, it would result in an event of default under the indenture governing the notes. The occurrence of an event of default under the notes could lead to the acceleration of all amounts outstanding under the notes, and may also trigger cross-default provisions resulting in the acceleration of our other then-existing debt. These events in turn could harm our share price as well as our ability to continue our operations.

 

Entertainment companies may claim that some of the features of our DVRs violate copyright laws, which could force us to incur significant costs in defending such actions and affect our ability to market the TiVo service and the products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Although we have not been the subject of such actions to date, one of our former competitor’s digital video recorders was the subject of several copyright infringement lawsuits by a number of major entertainment companies, including the three major television networks. These lawsuits alleged that the competitor’s digital video recorders violate copyright laws by allowing users to skip commercials, delete recordings only when instructed and use the Internet to send recorded materials to other users. TiVo-enabled DVRs have some similar features, including the ability to fast-forward through commercials, the ability to delete recordings only when instructed, and when the TiVoToGo service is released, the ability to transfer recordings from a TiVo-enabled DVR to a PC. Based on market or consumer pressures, we may decide in the future to add additional features similar to those of our former competitors or that may otherwise be objectionable to entertainment companies. If similar actions are filed against us based on current or future features of our DVRs, entertainment companies may seek injunctions to prevent us from including these features and/or damages. Such litigation can be costly and may divert the efforts of our management. Furthermore, if we were ordered to remove features from our DVRs, we may experience increased difficulty in marketing the TiVo service and related TiVo-enabled DVRs and may suffer reduced revenues as a result.

 

Our success depends on our ability to secure and protect patents, trademarks and other proprietary rights.

 

Our success and ability to compete are substantially dependent upon our internally developed technology. We rely on patent, trademark and copyright law, trade secret protection and confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, customers, partners and others to protect our intellectual proprietary rights. However, the steps we take to protect our proprietary rights may be inadequate. We have filed patent applications and provisional patent applications covering substantially all of the technology used to deliver the TiVo service and its features and functionality. To date, several of these patents have been granted, but we cannot assure you that any additional patents will ever be granted, that any issued patents will protect our intellectual property or that third parties will not challenge any issued patents. In addition, other parties may independently develop similar or competing technologies designed around any patents that may be issued to us. Our failure to secure and protect our proprietary rights could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

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We have filed a patent infringement lawsuit against EchoStar Communications Corporation and may incur significant expenses as a result, and an adverse outcome could harm our business.

 

On January 5, 2004, we filed a complaint against EchoStar Communications Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389, entitled “Multimedia Time Warping System.” On January 15, 2004, we amended our complaint to add EchoStar DBS Corporation, EchoStar Technologies Corporation, and Echosphere Limited Liability Corporation as additional defendants. We allege that we are the owner of this patent, and further allege that the defendants have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell and/or selling digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software, and/or personal television services in the United States. On March 2, 2004, EchoStar filed its answer to our complaint, moved to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction, and moved to transfer the case from the Eastern District of Texas to the Northern District of California. We have opposed both of EchoStar’s motions. We seek unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against the defendants’ further infringement of the patent. We could incur material expenses in this litigation.

 

We could be prevented from selling or developing our TiVo software if the GNU General Public License governing the Linux operating system and Linux kernel and similar licenses under which our product is developed and licensed is not enforceable.

 

The Linux kernel and the Linux operating system have been developed and licensed under the GNU General Public License and similar open source licenses. These licenses state that any program licensed under them may be liberally copied, modified, and distributed. The GNU General Public license is a subject of litigation in the case of The SCO Group, Inc. v. International Business Machines Corp., pending in the United States District Court for the District of Utah. SCO Group, Inc., or SCO, has publicly alleged that certain Linux kernels contain unauthorized UNIX code or derivative works. Uncertainty concerning SCO’s allegations, regardless of their merit, could adversely affect our manufacturing and other customer and supplier relationships. It is possible that a court would hold these licenses to be unenforceable in that litigation or that someone could assert a claim for proprietary rights in our TiVo software that runs on a Linux-based operating system. Any ruling by a court that these licenses are not enforceable, or that Linux-based operating systems, or significant portions of them, may not be liberally copied, modified or distributed, would have the effect of preventing us from selling or developing our TiVo software and would adversely effect our business.

 

If there is an adverse outcome in the class action litigation that has been filed against us, our business may be harmed.

 

We and certain of our officers and directors are named as defendants in a consolidated securities class action lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. This action, which is captioned Wercberger v. TiVo et al., also names several of the underwriters involved in our initial public offering as defendants. This class action is brought on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of our common stock from September 30, 1999, the time of our initial public offering, through December 6, 2000. The central allegation in this action is that our IPO underwriters solicited and received undisclosed commissions from, and entered into undisclosed arrangements with, certain investors who purchased our common stock in our IPO and in the after-market. The complaint also alleges that the TiVo defendants violated the federal securities laws by failing to disclose in our IPO prospectus that the underwriters had engaged in these allegedly undisclosed arrangements. More than 150 issuers have been named in similar lawsuits. In July 2002, an omnibus motion to dismiss all complaints against issuers and individual defendants affiliated with issuers (including the TiVo defendants) was filed by the entire group of issuer defendants in these similar actions. On October 8, 2002, our officers were dismissed as defendants in the lawsuit. On February 19, 2003, the court in this action issued its decision on defendants’ omnibus motion to dismiss. This decision dismissed the Section 10(b) claim as to TiVo but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim as to TiVo and virtually all of the other issuer-defendants.

 

On June 26, 2003, the plaintiffs announced a proposed settlement with us and the other issuer defendants. The proposed settlement provides that the insurers of all settling issuers will guarantee that the plaintiffs recover $1 billion from non-settling defendants, including the investment banks who acted as underwriters in those offerings. In the event that the plaintiffs do not recover $1 billion, the insurers for the settling issuers will make up the difference. Under the proposed settlement, the maximum amount that could be charged to our insurance policy in the event that the plaintiffs recovered

 

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nothing from the investment banks would be approximately $3.9 million. We believe that we have sufficient insurance coverage to cover the maximum amount that we may be responsible for under the proposed settlement. Our board of directors approved the proposed settlement at a meeting held on June 25, 2003. It is possible that the Federal District Court may not approve the settlement in whole or part. In the event that the Court does not approve the final settlement, we believe we have meritorious defenses and intend to defend this action vigorously; however, we could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

Legislation, laws or regulations that govern the television industry, the delivery of programming and the collection of viewing information from subscriptions could expose us to legal action if we fail to comply or could require us to change our business.

 

The delivery of television programming and the collection of viewing information from subscriptions via the TiVo service and a DVR represent a relatively new category in the television and home entertainment industries. As such, it is difficult to predict what laws or regulations will govern our business. Changes in the regulatory climate, the enactment of new legislation, or the expansion, enforcement or interpretation of existing laws could expose us to additional costs and expenses and could require changes to our business. For example, legislation regarding customer privacy or copyright could be enacted or expanded to apply to the TiVo service, which could adversely affect our business. New or existing copyright laws could be applied to restrict the capture of television programming, which would adversely affect our business. It is unknown whether existing laws and regulations will apply to the digital video recorder market. Therefore, it is difficult to anticipate the impact of current or future laws and regulations on our business.

 

The Federal Communications Commission has broad jurisdiction over the telecommunications and cable industries. The majority of FCC regulations, while not directly affecting us, do affect many of the companies on whom we substantially rely for the marketing and distribution of the DVR and the TiVo service. As such, the indirect effect of these regulations may adversely affect our business. In addition, the FCC could promulgate new regulations, or interpret existing regulations in a manner that would cause us to incur significant compliance costs or force us to alter the features or functionality of the TiVo service.

 

Recently enacted and proposed changes in securities laws and regulations are likely to increase our costs and may affect our ability to be in compliance with such new corporate governance provisions in the future.

 

The existing federal securities laws and regulations impose complex and continually changing regulatory requirements on our operations and reporting. With the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in July 2002, a significant number of new corporate governance requirements have been adopted or proposed. These new requirements impose comprehensive reporting and disclosure requirements, set stricter independence and financial expertise standards for audit committee members, and impose increased civil and criminal penalties for companies, their chief executive officers, chief financial officers and directors for securities law violations. We expect these developments to increase our legal compliance costs, increase the difficulty and expense in obtaining director and officer liability insurance, and make it harder for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors and/or qualified executive officers. Such developments could harm our results of operations and divert management’s attention from business operations. Additionally, we will have to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act beginning with our fiscal year ending January 31, 2005 which will require our management to report on the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting and requires our independent auditors to provide a related attestation as to management’s evaluation. If we are not successful in complying with these requirements, our business could be harmed.

 

The current legislative and regulatory environment affecting accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America is uncertain and volatile, and significant changes in current principles could affect our financial statements going forward.

 

The accounting rules and regulations that we must comply with are complex and continually changing. Recent actions and public comments from the Securities Exchange Commission have focused on the integrity of financial reporting

 

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generally. Similarly, the U.S. Congress has considered a variety of bills that could affect certain accounting principles. The FASB has recently introduced several new or proposed accounting standards, or are developing new proposed standards, such as accounting for stock options, which would represent a significant change from current industry practices. In addition, many companies’ accounting policies are being subject to heightened scrutiny by regulators and the public. While we believe that our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, we cannot predict the impact of future changes to accounting principles or our accounting policies on our financial statements going forward. In addition, were we to change our critical accounting estimates, including with respect to the recognition of revenue from our product lifetime subscriptions, our results of operations could be significantly impacted.

 

If we lose key management personnel, we may not be able to successfully operate our business.

 

Our future performance will be substantially dependent on the continued services of our senior management and other key personnel. The loss of any members of our executive management team and our inability to hire additional executive management could harm our business and results of operations. In addition, we do not have key man insurance policies for any of our key personnel.

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws, Rights Agreement and Delaware law could discourage a third party from acquiring us and consequently decrease the market value of our common stock.

 

We may become the subject of an unsolicited attempted takeover of our company. Although an unsolicited takeover could be in the best interests of our stockholders, certain provisions of Delaware law, our organizational documents and our Rights Agreement could be impediments to such a takeover.

 

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. In general, the statute prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws also require that any action required or permitted to be taken by our stockholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of the stockholders and may not be effected by a consent in writing. In addition, special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by a majority of the total number of authorized directors, the chairman of the board, our chief executive officer or the holders of 50% or more of our common stock. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws also provide that directors may be removed only for cause by a vote of a majority of the stockholders and that vacancies on the board of directors created either by resignation, death, disqualification, removal or by an increase in the size of the board of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors in office, although less than a quorum. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation also provides for a classified board of directors and specifies that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by resolution of the board of directors.

 

On January 9, 2001, our board of directors adopted a Rights Agreement. Each share of our common stock has attached to it a right to purchase one one-hundredth of a share of our Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock at a price of $60 per one one-hundredth of a preferred share. Subject to limited exceptions, the rights will become exercisable following the tenth day after a person or group announces the acquisition of 15% or more (or 30.01% or more in the case of America Online, Inc. and its affiliates and associates until such time as America Online and its affiliates and associates cease to beneficially own any common shares) of our common stock, and thereby becomes an “acquiring person,” or announces commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer, the consummation of which would result in the ownership by the person or group of 15% or more (or 30.01% or more in the case of America Online and its affiliates and associates until such time as America Online and its affiliates and associates cease to beneficially own any common shares) of our common stock. The rights are not exercisable as of April 1, 2004. We will be entitled to redeem the rights at $0.01 per right at any time prior to the time that a person or group becomes an acquiring person.

 

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These provisions of Delaware law, our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws and our Rights Agreement could make it more difficult for us to be acquired by another company, even if our acquisition is in the best interests of our stockholders. Any delay or prevention of a change of control or change in management could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

 

In the future, our revenues and operating results may fluctuate significantly, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

We expect our revenues and operating results to fluctuate significantly due to a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control. Therefore, you should not rely on period-to-period comparisons of results of operations as an indication of our future performance. It is possible that in some periods our operating results may fall below the expectations of market analysts and investors. In this event, the market price of our common stock would likely fall.

 

Factors that may affect our quarterly operating results include:

 

  demand for TiVo-enabled DVRs and the TiVo service;

 

  the timing and introduction of new services and features on the TiVo service;

 

  seasonality and other consumer and advertising trends;

 

  changes in revenue sharing arrangements with our strategic relationships;

 

  entering into new or terminating existing strategic partnerships;

 

  changes in the subsidy payments we make to certain strategic relationships;

 

  changes in our pricing policies, the pricing policies of our competitors and general pricing trends in the consumer electronics market;

 

  timing of revenue recognition under our licensing agreements;

 

  loss of subscriptions to the TiVo service; and

 

  general economic conditions.

 

Because our expenses precede associated revenues, unanticipated shortfalls in revenues could adversely affect our results of operations for any given period and cause the market price of our common stock to fall.

 

Seasonal trends may cause our quarterly operating results to fluctuate and our inability to forecast these trends may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

Consumer electronic product sales have traditionally been much higher during the holiday shopping season than during other times of the year. Although predicting consumer demand for our products is very difficult, we have experienced that sales of DVRs and new subscriptions to the TiVo service have been disproportionately high during the holiday shopping season when compared to other times of the year. If we are unable to accurately forecast and respond to consumer demand for our products, our reputation and brand will suffer and the market price of our common stock would likely fall.

 

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We expect that a portion of our future revenues will come from targeted commercials and other forms of television advertising enabled by the TiVo service. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be seasonal and cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions as well as budgeting and buying patterns. A decline in the economic prospects of advertisers or the economy in general could alter current or prospective advertisers’ spending priorities or increase the time it takes to close a sale with our advertisers, which could cause our revenues from advertisements to decline significantly in any given period.

 

If we are unable to raise additional capital on acceptable terms, our ability to effectively manage growth and build a strong brand could be harmed.

 

We expect that our existing capital resources will be sufficient to meet our cash requirements through the next twelve months. However, as we continue to grow our business, we may need to raise additional capital, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. If we cannot raise necessary additional capital on acceptable terms, we may not be able to develop or enhance our products and services, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated requirements.

 

If additional capital is raised through the issuance of equity securities, the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders will decline, stockholders may experience dilution in net book value per share, or these equity securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock. Any debt financing, if available, may involve covenants limiting, or restricting our operations or future opportunities.

 

The large number of shares available for future sale could adversely affect the market price for our stock.

 

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market or the perception that such sales might occur could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

Several of our stockholders own a substantial number of our shares. As of April 31, 2004, AOL owned 6,345,290 shares of our common stock. As of April 30, 2004 Hughes Electronics Corporation owned 3,449,834 shares of our common stock.

 

In addition, in August 2001, we issued $51.8 million in principal amount of our convertible senior notes due 2006, of which, as of April 30, 2004, there was $10.5 million in principal amount still outstanding. As of April 30, 2004, these notes were convertible into a maximum of 2,619,045 shares of our common stock. In connection with the convertible notes offering, we also issued five-year warrants to purchase 2,192,404 shares of our common stock, that were still outstanding as of April 30, 2004. Pursuant to registration rights agreements with the investors in that offering, we have registered the resale of the convertible notes, warrants and shares of common stock issuable upon conversion or exercise of the convertible notes or warrants.

 

As of April 30, 2004, options to purchase a total of 12,806,354 shares were outstanding under our option and equity incentive plans, and there were 12,712,011 shares available for future grants. We have filed registration statements with respect to the shares of common stock issuable under our option and equity incentive plans.

 

Future sales of the shares of the common stock described above, or the registration for sale of such common stock, or the issuance of common stock to satisfy our current or future cash payment obligations or to acquire technology, property, or other businesses, could cause immediate dilution and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. The sale or issuance of such stock, as well as the existence of outstanding options and shares of common stock reserved for issuance under our option and equity incentive plans, as well as the shares issuable upon conversion or exercise of our outstanding convertible notes and warrants, also may adversely affect the terms upon which we are able to obtain additional capital through the sale of equity securities.

 

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We expect to continue to experience volatility in our stock price.

 

The market price of our common stock is highly volatile. Since our initial public offering in September 1999 through May 28, 2004, our common stock has closed between $71.50 per share and $2.55 per share, closing at $7.61 on May 28, 2004. The market price of our common stock may be subject to significant fluctuations in response to, among other things, the factors discussed in this section and the following factors:

 

  Changes in estimates of our financial performance or changes in recommendations by securities analysts;

 

  Our failure to meet, or our ability to exceed, the expectations of securities analysts or investors;

 

  Release of new or enhanced products or introduction of new marketing initiatives by us or our competitors;

 

  Announcements by us or our competitors of the creation, developments under or termination of significant strategic relationships, joint ventures, significant contracts or acquisitions;

 

  Fluctuations in the market prices generally for technology and media-related stocks;

 

  Fluctuations in general economic conditions;

 

  Fluctuations in interest rates;

 

  Market conditions affecting the television and home entertainment industry and the technology sector;

 

  Fluctuations in operating results; and

 

  Additions or departures of key personnel.

 

The stock market has from time to time experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, which have particularly affected the market prices for emerging companies, and which have often been unrelated to their operating performance. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These statements relate to, among other things, our future financial position, services, business development, strategy and our management’s plans and objectives for future operations. Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “intend,” “estimate,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “predict,” “potential,” and “anticipate” or similar expressions or the negative of those terms or expressions. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, the information contained under the caption “Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this quarterly report. The reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date of this quarterly report and undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements in this quarterly report. The reader is

 

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strongly urged to read the information set forth under the caption “Part II, Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in particular “Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results,” for a more detailed description of these significant risks and uncertainties.

 

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio and we conduct transactions in U.S. dollars. Our investment portfolio only includes highly liquid instruments with original maturities of less than one year.

 

We are subject to fluctuating interest rates that may affect, adversely or otherwise, our results of operations or cash flows for our cash and cash equivalents and our short-term investments.

 

The table below presents principal amounts and related weighted average interest rates as of April 30, 2004 for our cash and cash equivalents. We had no short-term investments at this time.

 

Cash and cash equivalents (in thousands)

   $ 138,360  

Average interest rate

     .95 %

 

Although payments under the operating lease for our facility are tied to market indices, we are not exposed to material interest rate risk associated with the operating lease.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

 

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the fiscal quarter covered by this report. Based upon the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in reaching a level of reasonable assurance in achieving our desired control objectives.

 

There have been no significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

 

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Table of Contents

PART II : OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

 

The information set forth under Note 6. of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part I, Item 1. of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

 

None.

 

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

 

None.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.

 

None.

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.

 

In March 2004, we amended our 1999 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan to increase the number of initial options granted to new directors to 50,000 shares from 20,000 shares, and the number of annual options granted to continuing directors to 25,000 shares from 10,000 shares. In connection with this amendment, all new directors who joined the Board after August 4, 2003 were granted an initial grant of 20,000 shares and an additional 30,000 shares in March 2004 for a total of 50,000 shares. The eligible directors were Messrs. Rogers, Fruit, Hartenstein, and Uva.

 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.

 

(a) EXHIBITS

 

EXHIBIT
NUMBER


 

DESCRIPTION


10.0   TiVo Inc.’s 1999 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan and related documents, as amended (filed herewith).
10.1+   Sixth Amendment to Development Agreement, dated as of April 30, 2004, between DIRECTV, Inc. and TiVo Inc. (filed herewith).
10.2   Form of Chief Executive Officer Change of Control Terms and Conditions Agreement (filed herewith).
10.3   Form of Executive and Senior Vice President Change of Control Terms and Conditions Agreement (filed herewith).
10.4   Form of Vice President Change of Control Terms and Conditions Agreement (filed herewith).
31.1   Certification of Michael Ramsay, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of TiVo Inc. dated June 9, 2004 pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2   Certification of David H. Courtney, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of TiVo Inc. dated June 9, 2004 pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1   Certification of Michael Ramsay, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of TiVo Inc. dated June 9, 2004 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2   Certification of David H. Courtney, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of TiVo Inc. dated June 9, 2004 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

+ Confidential treatment has been requested as to portions of this exhibit.

 

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Table of Contents

(b) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

 

The registrant filed the following reports on Form 8-K during the quarter ended April 30, 2004:

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 5) on February 11, 2004 regarding the favorable summary judgment ruling in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts for the registrant in the case filed against it in 2001 by Pause Technology LLC.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Items 7 and 12) on March 4, 2004, regarding the furnishing press release of the registrant’s earnings for the fourth quarter and year ended January 31, 2004.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 5) on March 5, 2004, regarding the announcement of the registrant’s earnings for the fourth quarter and year ended January 31, 2004.

 

Subsequent to April 30, 2004, the registrant filed the following reports on Form 8-K:

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 5) on May 25, 2004, regarding the announcement of the registrant’s earnings for the first quarter ended April 30, 2004.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Items 7 and 12) on May 25, 2004, regarding the furnishing press release of the registrant’s earnings for the first quarter ended April 30, 2004.

 

  Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 5) on June 4, 2004, regarding the resignation from the board of directors of Mr. Hartenstein.

 

Trademark Acknowledgments

 

“TiVo,” the TiVo Logo, TiVo Smile Design, “TiVo Central,” “Can’t Miss TV,” “Ipreview,” “TiVoMatic,” “TV Your Way,” “What you want, when you want it,” “TiVolution,” “Overtime Scheduler,” and the Jump Logo are registered trademarks of TiVo Inc.

 

“Active Preview,” “DIRECTIVO,” Home Media Option, “Life’s too short for bad TV,” “Personal TV,” “Primetime Anytime,” “Season Pass,” “See it, want it, get it,” “Thumbs Down” (logo and text), “Thumbs Up” (logo and text), TiVo Series2 (logo and text), “TiVo, TV Your Way,” “WishList,” and “You’ve got a life, TiVo gets it” are trademarks of TiVo Inc. All other trademarks or trade names appearing in this report are the property of their respective owners.

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

    TIVO INC.

Date: June 9, 2004

 

By:

 

/s/ Michael Ramsay


       

Michael Ramsay

       

Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of

Directors

       

(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: June 9, 2004

 

By:

 

/s/ David H. Courtney


       

David H. Courtney

       

Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of

Worldwide Operations and Administration

       

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

51

EX-10 2 dex10.htm NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS' STOCK OPTION PLAN Non-Employee Directors' Stock Option Plan

EXHIBIT 10

 

TIVo INC.

 

1999 NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS’ STOCK OPTION PLAN

 

Adopted by the Board of Directors July 14, 1999

Approved By Stockholders July 14, 1999

 

Amended by the Board of Directors January 5, 2000

Stockholder Approval Not Required

 

Amended by the Board of Directors March 17, 2004

Stockholder Approval Not Required

 

Effective Date: July 14, 1999

Termination Date: July 13, 2009

 

1. PURPOSES.

 

(a) Eligible Option Recipients. The persons eligible to receive Options are the Non-Employee Directors of the Company.

 

(b) Available Options. The purpose of the Plan is to provide a means by which Non-Employee Directors may be given an opportunity to benefit from increases in value of the Common Stock through the granting of Nonstatutory Stock Options.

 

(c) General Purpose. The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to retain the services of its Non-Employee Directors, to secure and retain the services of new Non-Employee Directors and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and its Affiliates.

 

2. DEFINITIONS.

 

(a) Affiliate” means any parent corporation or subsidiary corporation of the Company, whether now or hereafter existing, as those terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and (f), respectively, of the Code.

 

(b) “Annual Grant” means an Option granted annually to all Non-Employee Directors who meet the specified criteria pursuant to subsection 6(b) of the Plan.

 

(c) “Annual Meeting” means the annual meeting of the stockholders of the Company.

 

(d) Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(e) Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

(f) Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company.


(g) Company” means TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation.

 

(h) Consultant” means any person, including an advisor, (i) engaged by the Company or an Affiliate to render consulting or advisory services and who is compensated for such services or (ii) who is a member of the Board of Directors of an Affiliate. However, the term “Consultant” shall not include either Directors of the Company who are not compensated by the Company for their services as Directors or Directors of the Company who are merely paid a director’s fee by the Company for their services as Directors.

 

(i) Continuous Service” means that the Optionholder’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant, is not interrupted or terminated. The Optionholder’s Continuous Service shall not be deemed to have terminated merely because of a change in the capacity in which the Optionholder renders service to the Company or an Affiliate as an Employee, Consultant or Director or a change in the entity for which the Optionholder renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service. For example, a change in status from a Non-Employee Director of the Company to a Consultant of an Affiliate or an Employee of the Company will not constitute an interruption of Continuous Service. The Board or the chief executive officer of the Company, in that party’s sole discretion, may determine whether Continuous Service shall be considered interrupted in the case of any leave of absence approved by that party, including sick leave, military leave or any other personal leave.

 

(j) Director” means a member of the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(k) “Disability” means (i) before the Listing Date, the inability of a person, in the opinion of a qualified physician acceptable to the Company, to perform the major duties of that person’s position with the Company or an Affiliate of the Company because of the sickness or injury of the person and (ii) after the Listing Date, the permanent and total disability of a person within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code.

 

(l) Employee” means any person employed by the Company or an Affiliate. Mere service as a Director or payment of a director’s fee by the Company or an Affiliate shall not be sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company or an Affiliate.

 

(m) Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

(n) Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the value of the Common Stock determined as follows:

 

(i) If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or traded on the Nasdaq National Market or the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock shall be the closing sales price for such stock (or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such exchange or market (or the exchange or market with the greatest volume of trading in the Common Stock) on the last market trading day prior to the day of determination, as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Board deems reliable.

 

2


(ii) In the absence of such markets for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by the Board.

 

(iii) Prior to the Listing Date, the value of the Common Stock shall be determined in a manner consistent with Section 260.140.50 of Title 10 of the California Code of Regulations.

 

(o) “Initial Grant” means an Option granted to a Non-Employee Director who meets the specified criteria pursuant to subsection 6(a) of the Plan.

 

(p) “IPO Date” means the effective date of the initial public offering of the Common Stock.

 

(q) “Listing Date” means the first date upon which any security of the Company is listed (or approved for listing) upon notice of issuance on any securities exchange or designated (or approved for designation) upon notice of issuance as a national market security on an interdealer quotation system if such securities exchange or interdealer quotation system has been certified in accordance with the provisions of Section 25100(o) of the California Corporate Securities Law of 1968.

 

(r) Non-Employee Director” means a Director who is not an Employee.

 

(s) Nonstatutory Stock Option” means an Option not intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(t) Option” means a Nonstatutory Stock Option granted pursuant to the Plan.

 

(u) Option Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and an Optionholder evidencing the terms and conditions of an individual Option grant. Each Option Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

 

(v) Optionholder” means a person to whom an Option is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Option.

 

(w) Plan” means this TiVo Inc. 1999 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan.

 

(x) Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect from time to time.

 

(y) Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

(z) “Ten Percent Stockholder” means a person who owns (or is deemed to own pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code) stock possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or of any of its Affiliates.

 

3


3. ADMINISTRATION.

 

(a) Administration by Board. The Board shall administer the Plan. The Board may not delegate administration of the Plan to a committee.

 

(b) Powers of Board. The Board shall have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan:

 

(i) To determine the provisions of each Option to the extent not specified in the Plan.

 

(ii) To construe and interpret the Plan and Options granted under it, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for its administration. The Board, in the exercise of this power, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan or in any Option Agreement, in a manner and to the extent it shall deem necessary or expedient to make the Plan fully effective.

 

(iii) To amend the Plan or an Option as provided in Section 12.

 

(iv) Generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as the Board deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company which are not in conflict with the provisions of the Plan.

 

4. SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN.

 

(a) Share Reserve. Subject to the provisions of Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in stock, the stock that may be issued pursuant to Options shall not exceed in the aggregate Five Hundred Thousand (500,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

(b) Additional Shares. Commencing on December 31, 1999, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Options granted under the Plan as specified in subsection 4(a) shall automatically be increased each December 31 by one hundred thousand (100,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

(c) Reversion of Shares to the Share Reserve. If any Option shall for any reason expire or otherwise terminate, in whole or in part, without having been exercised in full, the stock not acquired under such Option shall revert to and again become available for issuance under the Plan.

 

(d) Source of Shares. The stock subject to the Plan may be unissued shares or reacquired shares, bought on the market or otherwise.

 

(e) Share Reserve Limitation. Prior to the Listing Date and to the extent then required by Section 260.140.45 of Title 10 of the California Code of Regulations, the total number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of all outstanding Options and the total number of shares of Common Stock provided for under any stock bonus or similar plan of

 

4


the Company shall not exceed the applicable percentage as calculated in accordance with the conditions and exclusions of Section 260.140.45 of Title 10 of the California Code of Regulations, based on the shares of Common Stock of the Company that are outstanding at the time the calculation is made.1

 

5. ELIGIBILITY. Nondiscretionary Options as set forth in section 6 shall be granted under the Plan to all Non-Employee Directors.

 

6. NON-DISCRETIONARY GRANTS.

 

(a) Initial Grants.

 

(i) Each person who became a Non-Employee Director between July 14, 1999 and March 16, 2004 automatically shall, upon the date of his or her initial election or appointment to be a Non-Employee Director by the Board or stockholders of the Company, be granted an Initial Grant to purchase Twenty Thousand (20,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

(ii) Each person who is elected or appointed for the first time to be a Non-Employee Director on or after March 17, 2004 automatically shall, upon the date of his or her initial election or appointment to be a Non-Employee Director by the Board or stockholders of the Company, be granted an Initial Grant to purchase Fifty Thousand (50,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

(iii) Make-Whole Grants. Each person who became a Non-Employee Director between August 5, 2003 and March 17, 2004 shall, upon March 29, 2004, be granted a Make-Whole Grant to purchase Thirty Thousand (30,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein for Initial Grants.

 

(b) Annual Grants.

 

(i) On the day following each Annual Meeting commencing with the Annual Meeting in 2001 and running through the Annual Meeting in 2003, each person who is then a Non-Employee Director and has been a Non-Employee Director for at least six (6) months prior to such date automatically shall be granted an Annual Grant to purchase Ten Thousand (10,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

(ii) On the day following each Annual Meeting commencing with the Annual Meeting in 2004, each person who is then a Non-Employee Director and has been a Non-Employee Director for at least six (6) months prior to such date automatically shall be granted an Annual Grant to purchase Twenty-Five Thousand (25,000) shares of Common Stock on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

(iii) With respect to the first Annual Grant made to any Non-Employee Director, at least eighteen (18) months must have elapsed between the Initial Grant to such person and the first Annual Grant to such person.

 

7. OPTION PROVISIONS.

 

Each Option shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as required by the Plan. Each Option shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the Plan, as the Board shall deem appropriate. Each Option shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the Option or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:

 

(a) Term. No Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date it was granted.

 


1 Section 260.140.45 generally provides that the total number of shares issuable upon exercise of all outstanding options (exclusive of certain rights) and the total number of shares called for under any stock bonus or similar plan shall not exceed a number of shares which is equal to 30% of the then outstanding shares of the issuer (convertible preferred or convertible senior common shares counted on an as if converted basis), exclusive of shares subject to promotional waivers under Section 260.141, unless a percentage higher than 30% is approved by at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares entitled to vote.

 

5


(b) Exercise Price.

 

(i) General. Subject to subsection 6(b)(ii) below, the exercise price of each Option shall be one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the stock subject to the Option on the date the Option is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Option may be granted with an exercise price lower than that set forth in the preceding sentence if such Option is granted pursuant to an assumption or substitution for another option in a manner satisfying the provisions of Section 424(a) of the Code.

 

(ii) Ten Percent Stockholders. Prior to the Listing Date, the exercise price of each Option granted to a Ten Percent Stockholder shall be (i) one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the date of grant or (ii) subject to subsection 6(b)(i) above, such lower percentage of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the date of grant as is permitted by Section 260.140.41 of Title 10 of the California Code of Regulations at the time of the grant of the Option.

 

(c) Consideration. The purchase price of stock acquired pursuant to an Option may be paid, to the extent permitted by applicable statutes and regulations, in any combination of (i) cash or check, (ii) delivery to the Company of other Common Stock, (ii) deferred payment or (iv) any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board and provided in the Option Agreement; provided, however, that at any time that the Company is incorporated in Delaware, payment of the Common Stock’s “par value,” as defined in the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall not be made by deferred payment.

 

In the case of any deferred payment arrangement, interest shall be compounded at least annually and shall be charged at the minimum rate of interest necessary to avoid the treatment as interest, under any applicable provisions of the Code, of any amounts other than amounts stated to be interest under the deferred payment arrangement.

 

(d) Transferability. An Option is not transferable, except (i) by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, (ii) by instrument to an inter vivos or testamentary trust, in a form accepted by the Company, in which the Option is to be passed to beneficiaries upon the death of the trustor (settlor) and (iii) by gift, in a form accepted by the Company, to a member of the “immediate family” of the Optionholder as that term is defined in 17 C.F.R. 240.16a-1(e). In addition, Optionholder may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, designate a third party who, in the event of the death of the Optionholder, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise the Option.

 

(e) Vesting and Exercise.

 

(i) Initial Grants shall vest at the rate of 1/24th of the shares subject to the Initial Grant per month over two (2) years from the date of grant. An Optionholder may elect at any time before the Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates to exercise the Optionholder’s

 

6


Initial Grant as to any part or all of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Initial Grant prior to the full vesting of the Initial Grant. Any unvested shares of Common Stock so purchased shall be subject to a seven-month repurchase option (or such longer period of time required to avoid a charge to earnings for financial accounting purposes) in favor of the Company and to any other restriction that the Company determines to be appropriate. The Company will not exercise its repurchase option until at least six (6) months (or such longer or shorter period of time required to avoid a charge to earnings for financial accounting purposes) have elapsed following exercise of the Initial Grant.

 

(ii) Annual Grants shall be fully vested and exercisable on the date of grant.

 

(f) Termination of Continuous Service. In the event an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates (other than upon the Optionholder’s death or Disability), the Optionholder may exercise his or her Option but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date three (3) months following the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service, or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after termination, the Optionholder does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified in the Option Agreement, the Option shall terminate.

 

(g) Extension of Termination Date. If the exercise of the Option following the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service (other than upon the Optionholder’s death or Disability) would be prohibited at any time solely because the issuance of shares would violate the registration requirements under the Securities Act, then the Option shall terminate on the earlier of (i) the expiration of the term of the Option set forth in subsection 7(a) or (ii) the expiration of a period of three (3) months after the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service during which the exercise of the Option would not be in violation of such registration requirements.

 

(h) Disability of Optionholder. In the event an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Optionholder’s Disability, the Optionholder may exercise his or her Option, but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date twelve (12) months following such termination or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after termination, the Optionholder does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

 

(i) Death of Optionholder. In the event (i) an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Optionholder’s death or (ii) the Optionholder dies within the three-month period after the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service for a reason other than death, then the Option may be exercised by the Optionholder’s estate, by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance or by a person designated to exercise the Option upon the Optionholder’s death, but only within the period ending on the earlier of (1) the date eighteen (18) months following the date of death or (2) the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after death, the Option is not exercised within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

 

7


8. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY.

 

(a) Availability of Shares. During the terms of the Options, the Company shall keep available at all times the number of shares of Common Stock required to satisfy such Options.

 

(b) Securities Law Compliance. The Company shall seek to obtain from each regulatory commission or agency having jurisdiction over the Plan such authority as may be required to grant Options and to issue and sell shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Options; provided, however, that this undertaking shall not require the Company to register under the Securities Act the Plan, any Option or any stock issued or issuable pursuant to any such Option. If, after reasonable efforts, the Company is unable to obtain from any such regulatory commission or agency the authority which counsel for the Company deems necessary for the lawful issuance and sale of stock under the Plan, the Company shall be relieved from any liability for failure to issue and sell stock upon exercise of such Options unless and until such authority is obtained.

 

9. USE OF PROCEEDS FROM STOCK.

 

Proceeds from the sale of stock pursuant to Options shall constitute general funds of the Company.

 

10. MISCELLANEOUS.

 

(a) Stockholder Rights. No Optionholder shall be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares subject to such Option unless and until such Optionholder has satisfied all requirements for exercise of the Option pursuant to its terms.

 

(b) No Service Rights. Nothing in the Plan or any instrument executed or Option granted pursuant thereto shall confer upon any Optionholder any right to continue to serve the Company as a Non-Employee Director or shall affect the right of the Company or an Affiliate to terminate (i) the employment of an Employee with or without notice and with or without cause, (ii) the service of a Consultant pursuant to the terms of such Consultant’s agreement with the Company or an Affiliate or (iii) the service of a Director pursuant to the Bylaws of the Company or an Affiliate, and any applicable provisions of the corporate law of the state in which the Company or the Affiliate is incorporated, as the case may be.

 

(c) Investment Assurances. The Company may require an Optionholder, as a condition of exercising or acquiring stock under any Option, (i) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company as to the Optionholder’s knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and/or to employ a purchaser representative reasonably satisfactory to the Company who is knowledgeable and experienced in financial and business matters and that he or she is capable of evaluating, alone or together with the purchaser representative, the merits and risks of exercising the Option; and (ii) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company stating that the Optionholder is acquiring the stock subject to the Option for the Optionholder’s own account and not with any present intention of selling or otherwise distributing the stock.

 

8


The foregoing requirements, and any assurances given pursuant to such requirements, shall be inoperative if (iii) the issuance of the shares upon the exercise or acquisition of stock under the Option has been registered under a then currently effective registration statement under the Securities Act or (iv) as to any particular requirement, a determination is made by counsel for the Company that such requirement need not be met in the circumstances under the then applicable securities laws. The Company may, upon advice of counsel to the Company, place legends on stock certificates issued under the Plan as such counsel deems necessary or appropriate in order to comply with applicable securities laws, including, but not limited to, legends restricting the transfer of the stock.

 

(d) Withholding Obligations. The Optionholder may satisfy any federal, state or local tax withholding obligation relating to the exercise or acquisition of stock under an Option by any of the following means (in addition to the Company’s right to withhold from any compensation paid to the Optionholder by the Company) or by a combination of such means: (i) tendering a cash payment; (ii) authorizing the Company to withhold shares from the shares of the Common Stock otherwise issuable to the Optionholder as a result of the exercise or acquisition of stock under the Option; or (iii) delivering to the Company owned and unencumbered shares of the Common Stock.

 

(e) Information Obligation. Prior to the Listing Date, to the extent required by Section 260.140.46 of Title 10 of the California Code of Regulations, the Company shall deliver financial statements to Optionholders at least annually. This subsection 10(e) shall not apply to Optionholders whose duties in connection with the Company assure them access to equivalent information.

 

11. ADJUSTMENTS UPON CHANGES IN STOCK.

 

(a) Capitalization Adjustments. If any change is made in the stock subject to the Plan, or subject to any Option, without the receipt of consideration by the Company (through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or other transaction not involving the receipt of consideration by the Company), the Plan will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject both to the Plan pursuant to subsection 4(a) and to the nondiscretionary Options specified in Section 5, and the outstanding Options will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and number of securities and price per share of stock subject to such outstanding Options. The Board shall make such adjustments, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive. (The conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be treated as a transaction “without receipt of consideration” by the Company.)

 

(b) Change in Control—Dissolution or Liquidation. In the event of a dissolution or liquidation of the Company, then the vesting and exercisability of outstanding Options shall accelerate immediately prior to such event, and all outstanding Options shall terminate immediately prior to such event.

 

9


(c) Change in Control—Asset Sale, Merger, Consolidation or Reverse Merger. In the event of (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Company of the voting stock of the Company to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote; (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation or (iv) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise, then any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation shall assume any Options outstanding under the Plan or shall substitute similar options (including an option to acquire the same consideration paid to the stockholders in the transaction described in this subsection 11(c)) for those outstanding under the Plan. Whether or not any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation assumes such Options or substitutes similar options for those outstanding under the Plan, the vesting and exercisability of outstanding Options shall accelerate ten (10) days prior to such event. In the event any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation refuses to assume such Options or to substitute similar options for those outstanding under the Plan, then such Options shall terminate if not exercised prior to such event.

 

12. AMENDMENT OF THE PLAN AND OPTIONS.

 

(a) Amendment of Plan. The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the Plan. However, except as provided in Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in stock, no amendment shall be effective unless approved by the stockholders of the Company to the extent stockholder approval is necessary to satisfy the requirements of Rule 16b-3 or any Nasdaq or securities exchange listing requirements.

 

(b) Stockholder Approval. The Board may, in its sole discretion, submit any other amendment to the Plan for stockholder approval.

 

(c) No Impairment of Rights. Rights under any Option granted before amendment of the Plan shall not be impaired by any amendment of the Plan unless (i) the Company requests the consent of the Optionholder and (ii) the Optionholder consents in writing.

 

(d) Amendment of Options. The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the terms of any one or more Options; provided, however, that the rights under any Option shall not be impaired by any such amendment unless (i) the Company requests the consent of the Optionholder and (ii) the Optionholder consents in writing.

 

13. TERMINATION OR SUSPENSION OF THE PLAN.

 

(a) Plan Term. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Unless sooner terminated, the Plan shall terminate on the day before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the date the Plan is adopted by the Board or approved by the stockholders of the Company, whichever is earlier. No Options may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.

 

10


(b) No Impairment of Rights. Suspension or termination of the Plan shall not impair rights and obligations under any Option granted while the Plan is in effect except with the written consent of the Optionholder.

 

14. EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN.

 

The Plan shall become effective upon adoption by the Board, but no Option shall be exercised unless and until the Plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company, which approval shall be within twelve (12) months before or after the date the Plan is adopted by the Board.

 

15. CHOICE OF LAW.

 

All questions concerning the construction, validity and interpretation of this Plan shall be governed by the law of the State of Delaware, without regard to such state’s conflict of laws rules.

 

11

EX-10.1 3 dex101.htm SIXTH AMENDMENT TO DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT Sixth Amendment to Development Agreement

EXHIBIT 10.1

 

Exhibit 10.1 as filed with

10-Q

   Confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this exhibit. The copy filed herewith omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. Omissions are designated as [*]. A complete version of this exhibit has been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

SIXTH AMENDMENT TO DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT

 

This SIXTH AMENDMENT TO THE DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT (this “Sixth Amendment”) is made and entered into as of April 30, 2004 (the “Sixth Amendment Effective Date”) by and between DIRECTV, INC., a California corporation (“DIRECTV”), and TIVO INC., a Delaware corporation (“TiVo”) (collectively, the “Parties”).

 

RECITALS

 

WHEREAS, the Parties entered into that certain Development Agreement having an effective date of February 15, 2002 (the “Development Agreement”);

 

WHEREAS, the Parties have previously amended the Development Agreement via that certain First Consolidated Amendment dated October 31, 2002, that certain Second Amendment dated December 20, 2002, that certain Third Amendment dated January 8, 2003, that certain Fourth Amendment dated April 17, 2003, and that certain Fifth Amendment dated December 19, 2003; and

 

WHEREAS, the Parties wish to further amend certain provisions in the Development Agreement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties agree as follows:

 

AGREEMENT

 

Unless stated otherwise, capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Development Agreement.

 

1. TIVO SOFTWARE. Section 1.15 of the Development Agreement is hereby deleted and replaced in its entirety with the following:

 

1.15 “TiVo Software” shall mean the Version [*] Software, the Version [*] Software (as defined in the Second Amendment to this Agreement and attachments thereto), the Version [*] Software (as defined in the Third Amendment to this Agreement and attachments thereto), the Version [*] Software, and the [*] software version, collectively, along with any updates thereto that may be provided by TiVo.”

 

2. EFFECT OF AMENDMENT. Except as expressly modified herein, all other terms and conditions of the Development Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, TiVo and DIRECTV have duly executed this Sixth Amendment by their respective duly authorized officers. This Sixth Amendment may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same original.

 

TIVO INC.

  DIRECTV, INC.
By:  

/s/ Edward Lichty


  By:  

/s/ JR Butterworth


Printed Name:   Edward Lichty   Printed Name:   James R. Butterworth
Title:   VP, Bus Dev   Title:   Senior Vice President

 


[*] Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.
EX-10.2 4 dex102.htm FORM OF CEO CHANGE OF CONTROL TERMS & CONDITIONS AGRMT. Form of CEO Change of Control Terms & Conditions Agrmt.

EXHIBIT 10.2

 

Change of Control

Terms and Conditions

 

TiVo Inc. (the “Corporation”) considers it essential to the best interests of its shareholders to foster the continuous employment of the Corporation’s key management personnel. In this regard, the Corporation’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) recognizes that, as is the case with many publicly-held corporations, the possibility of a change in control of the Corporation may exist and the uncertainty and questions that it may raise among management could result in the departure or distraction of management personnel to the detriment of the Corporation and its shareholders.

 

The Board has decided to reinforce and encourage the continued attention and dedication of members of the Corporation’s management, including yourself, to their assigned duties without the distraction arising from the possibility of a change in control of the Corporation.

 

In order to induce you to remain in its employ, the Corporation hereby agrees that after this letter agreement (this “Agreement”) has been fully executed, you shall receive the severance benefits set forth in this Agreement in the event that your employment with the Corporation is terminated under the circumstances described below in anticipation of or subsequent to a Change in Control (as defined below).

 

1. Term of Agreement. This Agreement shall commence on January 1, 2004 and shall continue in effect through December 31, 2004; provided, however, that commencing on January 1, 2005 and on each January 1 thereafter, the term of this Agreement shall automatically be extended for one additional year unless, not later than December 15 of the preceding year, the Corporation shall have given you notice that it does not wish to extend this Agreement; provided, further, that if a Change in Control occurs during the original or any extended term of this Agreement, the term of this Agreement shall continue in effect for the twelve (12) month period immediately following the Change in Control.

 

2. Change in Control. No benefits shall be payable hereunder unless there has been a Change in Control. For purposes of this Agreement, a “Change in Control” shall mean of (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Corporation of the voting stock of the Corporation to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote; provided, however, that a sales by the stockholders of the Corporation of voting stock that results in the ownership by such Acquiring Entity of less than eighty percent (80%) of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote shall nonetheless constitute a Change in Control if it results in the Acquiring Entity having the right to appoint a majority of the members of the Board; (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is not the surviving corporation or (iv) a reverse merger in which the Corporation is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise.


3. Termination in Anticipation of or Following Change in Control.

 

(i) General. If a Change in Control shall have occurred during the term of this Agreement, you shall be entitled to the benefits provided in Section 4(ii) if your employment is terminated within the thirteen (13) month period immediately following the date of such Change in Control (a) by the Corporation other than for Cause or Disability (each as defined below), or (b) by you for Good Reason (as defined below) (a termination of your employment under the circumstances described in this sentence is sometimes hereinafter referred to as a “Payment Termination”). Notwithstanding anything contained herein, if your employment is terminated during the period commencing on the public announcement of a transaction which if consummated will constitute a Change in Control and ending on the date of consummation of such Change in Control either by the Corporation other than for Cause or Disability or by you for Good Reason, and if such termination (1) was at the request of a third party effecting the Change in Control or (2) otherwise arose in connection with or in anticipation of the Change in Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement your employment shall be deemed to have been terminated immediately after the actual occurrence of the Change in Control. Except as described in the preceding sentence, in the event that your employment with the Corporation is terminated for any reason and subsequently a Change in Control occurs, you shall not be entitled to any benefits hereunder. In the event that you are entitled to the benefits provided in Section 4(ii), such benefits shall be paid notwithstanding the subsequent expiration of the term of this Agreement.

 

(ii) Death or Disability. Your employment with the Corporation shall terminate automatically upon your death. The Corporation may terminate your employment for Disability, but only if that Disability continues through the Date of Termination (as hereinafter defined). For purposes of this Agreement, “Disability” shall mean your absence from the full-time performance of your duties with the Corporation for six (6) consecutive months by reason of your physical or mental illness.

 

(iii) Cause. The Corporation may terminate your employment for Cause. For purposes of this Agreement, “Cause” shall mean (a) your willful and continued failure to substantially perform your duties with the Corporation (other than any such failure resulting from your incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after your issuance of a Notice of Termination (as defined below) for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to you by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that you have not substantially performed your duties, (b) your willful and continued failure to substantially follow and comply with the specific and lawful directives of the Board, as reasonably determined by the Board (other than any such failure resulting from your incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after your issuance of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to you by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that you have not substantially performed your duties, (c) your willful commission of an act of fraud or dishonesty resulting in material economic or financial injury to the Corporation, or (d) your conviction of, or


entry by you of a guilty or no contest plea to, the commission of a felony involving moral turpitude. For purposes of this Section 3(iii), no act, or failure to act, on your part shall be deemed “willful” unless done, or omitted to be done, by you not in good faith.

 

(iv) Good Reason. You may terminate your employment with the Corporation for Good Reason. For purposes of this Agreement, “Good Reason” shall mean the occurrence, after a Change in Control, of any one or more of the following events without your prior written consent, unless the Corporation fully corrects the circumstances constituting Good Reason (provided such circumstances are capable of correction) prior to the Date of Termination:

 

(a) A material reduction in the nature or scope of your responsibilities, or the assignment to you of duties that are materially inconsistent with your position (in each case as compared to your responsibilities, duties or position immediately prior to the Change in Control);

 

(b) the Corporation’s reduction of your annual base salary or bonus opportunity, each as in effect on the date hereof or as the same may be increased from time to time;

 

(c) the relocation of the Corporation’s offices at which you are principally employed immediately prior to the date of the Change in Control (your “Principal Location”) such that your one-way daily commute from your principal residence to the Corporation’s offices at which you are principally employed is increased by more than fifty (50) miles;

 

(d) the Corporation’s failure to pay to you any portion of your then current compensation or any portion of an installment of deferred compensation under any deferred compensation program of the Corporation, in each case within seven (7) days of the date such compensation is due;

 

(e) the Corporation’s failure to continue in effect compensation and benefit plans which provide you with benefits which are no less favorable on an aggregate basis, both in terms of the amount of benefits provided and the level of your participation relative to other participants, to the benefits provided to you under the Corporation’s compensation and benefit plans and practices immediately prior to the Change in Control;

 

(f) the Corporation’s failure to obtain a satisfactory agreement from any successor to assume and agree to perform this Agreement, as contemplated in Section 5 hereof; or

 

(g) any purported termination of your employment that is not effected pursuant to a Notice of Termination satisfying the requirements of Section 3(v) hereof (and, if applicable, the requirements of Section 3(iii) hereof), which purported termination shall not be effective for purposes of this Agreement.

 

Your right to terminate your employment pursuant to this Section 3(iv) shall not be affected by your incapacity due to physical or mental illness. Your continued employment shall not constitute consent to, or a waiver of rights with respect to, any circumstance constituting Good Reason hereunder.


(v) Notice of Termination. Any purported termination of your employment by the Corporation or by you (other than termination due to your death, which shall terminate your employment automatically) shall be communicated by a written Notice of Termination to the other party hereto in accordance with Section 6. For purposes of this Agreement, “Notice of Termination” shall mean a notice that shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Agreement (if any) relied upon and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of your employment under the provision so indicated.

 

(vi) Date of Termination. For purposes of this Agreement, “Date of Termination” shall mean (a) if your employment is terminated due to your death, the date of your death; (b) if your employment is terminated for Disability, thirty (30) days after Notice of Termination is given (provided that you shall not have returned to the full time performance of your duties during such thirty (30) day period), and (c) if your employment is terminated for any reason other than death or Disability, the date specified in the Notice of Termination (which, in the case of a termination by the Corporation without Cause shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given, and in the case of a termination by you for Good Reason shall not be less than fifteen (15) nor more than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given).

 

4. Compensation Upon Termination.

 

(i) If your employment with the Corporation is terminated by reason of your death, by the Corporation for Cause or Disability, or by you other than for Good Reason, the Corporation shall pay you your full base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which you are entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Corporation at the time such payments are due, and the Corporation shall have no further obligations to you under this Agreement.

 

(ii) If you incur a Payment Termination, then, subject to Section 4(v), in lieu of any severance benefits to which you may otherwise be entitled under any severance plan or program of the Corporation or by law, you shall be entitled to the benefits provided below:

 

(a) the Corporation shall, at the time specified in Section 4(iii), pay to you your full base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which you are entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Corporation at the time such payments are due;

 

(b) the Corporation shall, at the time specified in Section 4(iii), pay as severance pay to you a lump-sum severance payment equal to the sum of the following:

 

(A) one hundred percent (100%) of the greater of (x) your annual base salary as in effect immediately prior to delivery of the Notice of Termination or (y) your annual base salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control; and

 

(B) one hundred percent (100%) of the greater of (x) your targeted annual bonus for the year in which the Date of Termination occurs or (y) your targeted annual bonus for the year in which the Change in Control occurs, as if the bonus goals are satisfied;


(c) you shall immediately become vested with respect to one hundred percent (100%) of the unvested portion of any options to purchase the Corporation’s capital stock that you then hold and/or the restrictions with respect to one hundred percent (100%) of the restricted shares of the Corporation’s capital stock that you then hold shall immediately lapse; provided, however that with regard to stock options or restricted shares of the Corporation’s capital stock held by you that contain provisions making the vesting of, or lapse of restrictions with respect to, such awards contingent upon the attainment of one or more performance goals (“Performance Awards”), such Performance Awards shall become vested and/or restrictions shall lapse with respect to one hundred percent (100%) of the shares of the Corporation’s capital stock that otherwise would have become vested during the year of your termination of employment as if the performance goals with respect to such year (or prior periods) had been attained;

 

(d) for the period beginning on the Date of Termination and ending on the earlier of (i) the date which is twelve (12) full months following the Date of Termination or (ii) the first day of your eligibility to participate in a comparable group health plan maintained by a subsequent employer, the Corporation shall pay for and provide you and your dependents with the same medical benefits coverage to which you would have been entitled had you remained continuously employed by the Corporation during such period. In the event that you are ineligible under the terms of the Corporation’s benefit plans to continue to be so covered, the Corporation shall provide you with substantially equivalent coverage through other sources or will provide you with a lump sum payment (determined on a present value basis using the interest rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), on the Date of Termination) in such amount that, after all income and employment taxes on that amount, shall be equal to the cost to you of providing yourself such benefit coverage. At the termination of the benefits coverage under the first sentence of this Section 4(ii)(e), you and your dependents shall be entitled to continuation coverage pursuant to Section 4980B of the Code, Sections 601-608 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and under any other applicable law, to the extent required by such laws, as if you had terminated employment with the Corporation on the date such benefits coverage terminates; and

 

(e) the Corporation shall furnish you for six (6) years following the Date of Termination (without reference to whether the term of this Agreement continues in effect) with directors’ and officers’ liability insurance insuring you against insurable events which occur or have occurred while you were a director or officer of the Corporation, such insurance to have policy limits aggregating not less than the amount in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control, and otherwise to be in substantially the same form and to contain substantially the same terms, conditions and exceptions as the liability issuance policies provided for officers and directors of the Corporation in force from time to time, provided, however, that such terms, conditions and exceptions shall not be, in the aggregate, materially less favorable to you than those in effect on the date hereof; provided, further, that if the aggregate annual premiums for such insurance at any time during such period exceed one hundred and fifty percent (150%) of the per annum rate of premium currently paid by the Corporation for such insurance, then the Corporation shall provide the maximum coverage that will then be available at an annual premium equal to one hundred and fifty percent (150%) of such rate.


(iii) The payments provided for in Sections 4(ii)(a) and (b) as applicable, shall be made not later than the fifth business day following the Date of Termination; provided, however, that if the amounts of such payments cannot be finally determined on or before such day, the Corporation shall pay to you on such day an estimate, as determined in good faith by the Corporation, of the minimum amount of such payments and shall pay the remainder of such payments (together with interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Code) as soon as the amount thereof can be determined but in no event later than the thirtieth day after the Date of Termination. In the event that the amount of the estimated payments exceeds the amount subsequently determined to have been due, such excess shall constitute a loan by the Corporation to you, payable on the fifth day after demand by the Corporation (together with interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Code).

 

(iv) You shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment provided for in this Section 4 by seeking other employment or otherwise, nor shall the amount of any payment or benefit provided for in this Section 4 be reduced by any compensation earned by you as the result of employment by another employer or self-employment, by retirement benefits, by offset against any amounts (other than loans or advances to you by the Corporation) claimed to be owed by you to the Corporation, or otherwise.

 

(v) As a condition to your receipt of any benefits described in Section 4(ii) hereof, you shall be required to execute a Release (the “Release”) of all claims arising out of your employment or the termination thereof, in a form reasonably acceptable to the Corporation. Such Release shall specifically relate to all of your rights and claims in existence at the time of such execution but shall exclude any continuing obligations the Corporation may have to you following the date of termination under this Agreement or any other agreement providing for obligations to survive your termination of employment.

 

5. Successors; Binding Agreement.

 

(i) The Corporation shall require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Corporation to expressly assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Corporation would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. Unless expressly provided otherwise, “Corporation” as used herein shall mean the Corporation as defined in this Agreement and any successor to its business and/or assets as aforesaid.

 

(ii) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by you and your personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees. If you should die while any amount would still be payable to you hereunder had you continued to live, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in accordance with the terms of this Agreement to your devisee, legatee or other designee or, if there is no such designee, to your estate.


6. Notice. For purposes of this Agreement, notices and all other communications provided for in this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered or mailed by United States certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the respective addresses set forth on the first page of this Agreement, provided that all notices to the Corporation shall be directed to the attention of its Secretary, or to such other address as either party may have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith, except that notice of change of address shall be effective only upon receipt.

 

7. Confidentiality and Non-Solicitation Covenants.

 

(i) Confidentiality. You hereby agree that during the term of this Agreement and thereafter, you shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as defined below). You further agree that, upon termination of your employment with the Corporation, all Confidential Information in your possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Corporation and shall not be retained by you or furnished to any third party, in any form except as provided herein; provided, however, that you shall not be obligated to treat as confidential, or return to the Corporation copies of any Confidential Information that (a) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to you, (b) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Agreement or any other duty owed to the Corporation by any person or entity, or (c) is lawfully disclosed to you by a third party. As used in this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” means: information disclosed to you or known by you as a consequence of or through your relationship with the Corporation about the customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, product lists, product road maps, technology specifications or other information related to the products and services of the Corporation and its affiliates. Nothing herein shall limit in any way any obligation you may have relating to Confidential Information under any other agreement with or promise to the Corporation.

 

(ii) Non-Solicitation. You hereby agree that, for the one (1) year period immediately following the Date of Termination, you shall not, either on your own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Corporation any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an officer or employee of the Corporation; provided, however, that a general advertisement to which an employee of the Corporation responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 7(ii).

 

(iii) Survival; Reformation. The provisions of this Section 7 shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement and your employment with the Corporation and shall be fully enforceable thereafter. If it shall be finally determined that any restriction in this Section 7 is excessive in duration or scope or is unreasonable or unenforceable under the laws of any state or jurisdiction, it is the intention of the parties that such restriction may be modified or amended to render it enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by the law of that state or jurisdiction.


(iv) Equitable Relief. In the event that you shall breach or threaten to breach any of the provisions of this Section 7, in addition to and without limiting or waiving any other remedies available to the Corporation in law or in equity, the Corporation shall be entitled to immediate injunctive relief in any court, domestic or foreign, having the capacity to grant such relief, to restrain such breach or threatened breach and to enforce the provisions of this Section 7. You acknowledge that it is impossible to measure in money the damages that the Corporation will sustain in the event that you breach or threaten to breach the provisions of this Section 7 and, in the event that the Corporation shall institute any action or proceeding to enforce such provisions seeking injunctive relief, you hereby waive and agree not to assert and shall not use as a defense thereto the claim or defense that the Corporation has an adequate remedy at law. The foregoing shall not prejudice the right of the Corporation to require you to account for and pay over to the Corporation the amount of any actual damages incurred by the Corporation as a result of such breach.

 

8. Miscellaneous. No provision of this Agreement may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by you and such officer as may be specifically designated by the Board. No waiver by either party hereto at any time of any breach by the other party hereto of or compliance with, any condition or provision of this Agreement to be performed by such other party shall be deemed a waiver of similar or dissimilar provisions or conditions at the same or at any prior or subsequent time. No agreements or representations, oral or otherwise, express or implied, with respect to the subject matter hereof have been made by either party which are not expressly set forth in this Agreement. The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of California without regard to its conflicts of law principles. All references to sections of the Exchange Act or the Code shall be deemed also to refer to any successor provisions to such sections. Except as provided in Section 4(ii)(f) hereunder, any payments provided for hereunder shall be paid net of any applicable withholding required under federal, state or local law. The obligations of the Corporation under Section 4 shall survive the expiration of the term of this Agreement. The section headings contained in this Agreement are for convenience only, and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement.

 

9. Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

10. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

11. Arbitration; Dispute Resolution, Etc.

 

(i) Arbitration Procedure. Except as set forth in Section 7(iv), any disagreement, dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the


interpretation of this Agreement or any arrangements relating to this Agreement or contemplated in this Agreement or the breach, termination or invalidity thereof shall be settled by final and binding arbitration administered by JAMS/Endispute in San Jose, California in accordance with the then existing JAMS/Endispute Arbitration Rules and Procedures for Employment Disputes. In the event of such an arbitration proceeding, you and the Corporation shall select a mutually acceptable neutral arbitrator from among the JAMS/Endispute panel of arbitrators. In the event you and the Corporation cannot agree on an arbitrator, the Administrator of JAMS/Endispute will appoint an arbitrator. Neither you nor the Corporation nor the arbitrator shall disclose the existence, content, or results of any arbitration hereunder without the prior written consent of all parties. Except as provided herein, the Federal Arbitration Act shall govern the interpretation, enforcement and all proceedings. The arbitrator shall apply the substantive law (and the law of remedies, if applicable) of the state of California, or federal law, or both, as applicable, and the arbitrator is without jurisdiction to apply any different substantive law. The arbitrator shall have the authority to entertain a motion to dismiss and/or a motion for summary judgment by any party and shall apply the standards governing such motions under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The arbitrator shall render an award and a written, reasoned opinion in support thereof. Judgment upon the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.

 

(ii) Compensation During Dispute, Etc. Your compensation during any disagreement, dispute, controversy, claim, suit, action or proceeding (collectively, a “Dispute”) arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation of this Agreement shall be as follows:

 

If there is a termination of your employment with the Corporation followed by a Dispute as to whether you are entitled to the payments and other benefits provided under this Agreement, then, during the period of that Dispute the Corporation shall pay you fifty percent (50%) of the amounts specified in Section 4(ii)(b) hereof, and the Corporation shall provide you with the other benefits provided in Section 4(ii) of this Agreement, if, but only if, you agree in writing that if the Dispute is resolved against you, you shall promptly refund to the Corporation all payments you receive under Section 4(ii)(b) of this Agreement plus interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(d) of the Code, compounded quarterly. If the Dispute is resolved in your favor, promptly after resolution of the Dispute the Corporation shall pay you all amounts which were withheld during the period of the Dispute plus interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(d) of the Code, compounded quarterly.

 

(iii) Expenses, Legal Fees. The Corporation shall pay, or reimburse you for, all administrative fees and costs, and all arbitrator’s fees and expenses incurred by you in connection with any Dispute arising out of or related to this Agreement. The Corporation shall pay, or reimburse you for, all expenses and reasonable attorneys fees incurred by you in connection with any Dispute arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation thereof to which you are entitled by statute and with respect to which you prevail, and then in accordance with the terms of the arbitrator’s award.

 

12. Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein and supersedes all prior agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any


prior agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein, including, without limitation, any prior severance agreements, is hereby terminated and cancelled. Any of your rights hereunder shall be in addition to any rights you may otherwise have under benefit plans or agreements of the Corporation (other than severance plans or agreements) to which you are a party or in which you are a participant, including, but not limited to, any Corporation sponsored employee benefit plans and stock options plans. The provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way abrogate your rights under such other plans and agreements. In addition this Agreement shall not limit in any way any obligation you may have under any other agreement with or promise to the Corporation relating to employee confidentiality, proprietary rights in technology or the assignment of interests in any intellectual property.

 

13. At-Will Employment. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall (i) confer upon you any right to continue in the employ of the Corporation, (ii) constitute any contract or agreement of employment, or (iii) interfere in any way with the at-will nature of your employment with the Corporation.

 

If this letter sets forth our agreement on the subject matter hereof, kindly sign and return to the Corporation the enclosed copy of this letter, which shall then constitute our agreement on this subject.

 

Sincerely,

TIVO INC.

By:

 

 


Its:

   

 

Agreed and Accepted,

this          day of             , 200  .

 

                                                                                                                                                                                                    

Michael Ramsay

EX-10.3 5 dex103.htm FORM OF EXECUTIVE AND SVP CHANGE OF CONTROL TERMS & CONDITIONS AGRMT. Form of Executive and SVP Change of Control Terms & Conditions Agrmt.

EXHIBIT 10.3

 

Change of Control

Terms and Conditions

 

TiVo Inc. (the “Corporation”) considers it essential to the best interests of its shareholders to foster the continuous employment of the Corporation’s key management personnel. In this regard, the Corporation’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) recognizes that, as is the case with many publicly-held corporations, the possibility of a change in control of the Corporation may exist and the uncertainty and questions that it may raise among management could result in the departure or distraction of management personnel to the detriment of the Corporation and its shareholders.

 

The Board has decided to reinforce and encourage the continued attention and dedication of members of the Corporation’s management, including yourself, to their assigned duties without the distraction arising from the possibility of a change in control of the Corporation.

 

In order to induce you to remain in its employ, the Corporation hereby agrees that after this letter agreement (this “Agreement”) has been fully executed, you shall receive the severance benefits set forth in this Agreement in the event that your employment with the Corporation is terminated under the circumstances described below in anticipation of or subsequent to a Change in Control (as defined below).

 

1. Term of Agreement. This Agreement shall commence on January 1, 2004 and shall continue in effect through December 31, 2004; provided, however, that commencing on January 1, 2005 and on each January 1 thereafter, the term of this Agreement shall automatically be extended for one additional year unless, not later than December 15 of the preceding year, the Corporation shall have given you notice that it does not wish to extend this Agreement; provided, further, that if a Change in Control occurs during the original or any extended term of this Agreement, the term of this Agreement shall continue in effect for the twelve (12) month period immediately following the Change in Control.

 

2. Change in Control. No benefits shall be payable hereunder unless there has been a Change in Control. For purposes of this Agreement, a “Change in Control” shall mean of (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Corporation of the voting stock of the Corporation to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote; provided, however, that a sales by the stockholders of the Corporation of voting stock that results in the ownership by such Acquiring Entity of less than eighty percent (80%) of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote shall nonetheless constitute a Change in Control if it results in the Acquiring Entity having the right to appoint a majority of the members of the Board; (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is not the surviving corporation or (iv) a reverse merger in which the Corporation is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise.


3. Termination in Anticipation of or Following Change in Control.

 

(i) General. If a Change in Control shall have occurred during the term of this Agreement, you shall be entitled to the benefits provided in Section 4(ii) if your employment is terminated within the thirteen (13) month period immediately following the date of such Change in Control (a) by the Corporation other than for Cause or Disability (each as defined below), or (b) by you for Good Reason (as defined below) (a termination of your employment under the circumstances described in this sentence is sometimes hereinafter referred to as a “Payment Termination”). Notwithstanding anything contained herein, if your employment is terminated during the period commencing on the public announcement of a transaction which if consummated will constitute a Change in Control and ending on the date of consummation of such Change in Control either by the Corporation other than for Cause or Disability or by you for Good Reason, and if such termination (1) was at the request of a third party effecting the Change in Control or (2) otherwise arose in connection with or in anticipation of the Change in Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement your employment shall be deemed to have been terminated immediately after the actual occurrence of the Change in Control. Except as described in the preceding sentence, in the event that your employment with the Corporation is terminated for any reason and subsequently a Change in Control occurs, you shall not be entitled to any benefits hereunder. In the event that you are entitled to the benefits provided in Section 4(ii), such benefits shall be paid notwithstanding the subsequent expiration of the term of this Agreement.

 

(ii) Death or Disability. Your employment with the Corporation shall terminate automatically upon your death. The Corporation may terminate your employment for Disability, but only if that Disability continues through the Date of Termination (as hereinafter defined). For purposes of this Agreement, “Disability” shall mean your absence from the full-time performance of your duties with the Corporation for six (6) consecutive months by reason of your physical or mental illness.

 

(iii) Cause. The Corporation may terminate your employment for Cause. For purposes of this Agreement, “Cause” shall mean (a) your willful and continued failure to substantially perform your duties with the Corporation (other than any such failure resulting from your incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after your issuance of a Notice of Termination (as defined below) for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to you by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that you have not substantially performed your duties, (b) your willful and continued failure to substantially follow and comply with the specific and lawful directives of the Board, as reasonably determined by the Board (other than any such failure resulting from your incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after your issuance of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to you by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that you have not substantially performed your duties, (c) your willful commission of an act of fraud or dishonesty resulting in material economic or financial injury to the Corporation, or (d) your conviction of, or


entry by you of a guilty or no contest plea to, the commission of a felony involving moral turpitude. For purposes of this Section 3(iii), no act, or failure to act, on your part shall be deemed “willful” unless done, or omitted to be done, by you not in good faith.

 

(iv) Good Reason. You may terminate your employment with the Corporation for Good Reason. For purposes of this Agreement, “Good Reason” shall mean the occurrence, after a Change in Control, of any one or more of the following events without your prior written consent, unless the Corporation fully corrects the circumstances constituting Good Reason (provided such circumstances are capable of correction) prior to the Date of Termination:

 

(a) A material reduction in the nature or scope of your responsibilities, or the assignment to you of duties that are materially inconsistent with your position (in each case as compared to your responsibilities, duties or position immediately prior to the Change in Control);

 

(b) the Corporation’s reduction of your annual base salary or bonus opportunity, each as in effect on the date hereof or as the same may be increased from time to time;

 

(c) the relocation of the Corporation’s offices at which you are principally employed immediately prior to the date of the Change in Control (your “Principal Location”) such that your one-way daily commute from your principal residence to the Corporation’s offices at which you are principally employed is increased by more than fifty (50) miles;

 

(d) the Corporation’s failure to pay to you any portion of your then current compensation or any portion of an installment of deferred compensation under any deferred compensation program of the Corporation, in each case within seven (7) days of the date such compensation is due;

 

(e) the Corporation’s failure to continue in effect compensation and benefit plans which provide you with benefits which are no less favorable on an aggregate basis, both in terms of the amount of benefits provided and the level of your participation relative to other participants, to the benefits provided to you under the Corporation’s compensation and benefit plans and practices immediately prior to the Change in Control;

 

(f) the Corporation’s failure to obtain a satisfactory agreement from any successor to assume and agree to perform this Agreement, as contemplated in Section 5 hereof; or

 

(g) any purported termination of your employment that is not effected pursuant to a Notice of Termination satisfying the requirements of Section 3(v) hereof (and, if applicable, the requirements of Section 3(iii) hereof), which purported termination shall not be effective for purposes of this Agreement.

 

Your right to terminate your employment pursuant to this Section 3(iv) shall not be affected by your incapacity due to physical or mental illness. Your continued employment shall not constitute consent to, or a waiver of rights with respect to, any circumstance constituting Good Reason hereunder.


(v) Notice of Termination. Any purported termination of your employment by the Corporation or by you (other than termination due to your death, which shall terminate your employment automatically) shall be communicated by a written Notice of Termination to the other party hereto in accordance with Section 6. For purposes of this Agreement, “Notice of Termination” shall mean a notice that shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Agreement (if any) relied upon and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of your employment under the provision so indicated.

 

(vi) Date of Termination. For purposes of this Agreement, “Date of Termination” shall mean (a) if your employment is terminated due to your death, the date of your death; (b) if your employment is terminated for Disability, thirty (30) days after Notice of Termination is given (provided that you shall not have returned to the full time performance of your duties during such thirty (30) day period), and (c) if your employment is terminated for any reason other than death or Disability, the date specified in the Notice of Termination (which, in the case of a termination by the Corporation without Cause shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given, and in the case of a termination by you for Good Reason shall not be less than fifteen (15) nor more than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given).

 

4. Compensation Upon Termination.

 

(i) If your employment with the Corporation is terminated by reason of your death, by the Corporation for Cause or Disability, or by you other than for Good Reason, the Corporation shall pay you your full base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which you are entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Corporation at the time such payments are due, and the Corporation shall have no further obligations to you under this Agreement.

 

(ii) If you incur a Payment Termination, then, subject to Section 4(v), in lieu of any severance benefits to which you may otherwise be entitled under any severance plan or program of the Corporation or by law, you shall be entitled to the benefits provided below:

 

(a) the Corporation shall, at the time specified in Section 4(iii), pay to you your full base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which you are entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Corporation at the time such payments are due;

 

(b) the Corporation shall, at the time specified in Section 4(iii), pay as severance pay to you a lump-sum severance payment equal to the sum of the following:

 

(A) seventy-five percent (75%) of the greater of (x) your annual base salary as in effect immediately prior to delivery of the Notice of Termination or (y) your annual base salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control; and

 

(B) seventy-five percent (75%) of the greater of (x) your targeted annual bonus for the year in which the Date of Termination occurs or (y) your targeted annual bonus for the year in which the Change in Control occurs, as if the bonus goals are satisfied;


(c) you shall immediately become vested with respect to seventy-five percent (75%) of the unvested portion of any options to purchase the Corporation’s capital stock that you then hold and/or the restrictions with respect to seventy-five percent (75%) of the restricted shares of the Corporation’s capital stock that you then hold shall immediately lapse; provided, however that with regard to stock options or restricted shares of the Corporation’s capital stock held by you that contain provisions making the vesting of, or lapse of restrictions with respect to, such awards contingent upon the attainment of one or more performance goals (“Performance Awards”), such Performance Awards shall become vested and/or restrictions shall lapse with respect to seventy-five percent (75%) of the shares of the Corporation’s capital stock that otherwise would have become vested during the year of your termination of employment as if the performance goals with respect to such year (or prior periods) had been attained;

 

(d) for the period beginning on the Date of Termination and ending on the earlier of (i) the date which is nine (9) full months following the Date of Termination or (ii) the first day of your eligibility to participate in a comparable group health plan maintained by a subsequent employer, the Corporation shall pay for and provide you and your dependents with the same medical benefits coverage to which you would have been entitled had you remained continuously employed by the Corporation during such period. In the event that you are ineligible under the terms of the Corporation’s benefit plans to continue to be so covered, the Corporation shall provide you with substantially equivalent coverage through other sources or will provide you with a lump sum payment (determined on a present value basis using the interest rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), on the Date of Termination) in such amount that, after all income and employment taxes on that amount, shall be equal to the cost to you of providing yourself such benefit coverage. At the termination of the benefits coverage under the first sentence of this Section 4(ii)(e), you and your dependents shall be entitled to continuation coverage pursuant to Section 4980B of the Code, Sections 601-608 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and under any other applicable law, to the extent required by such laws, as if you had terminated employment with the Corporation on the date such benefits coverage terminates; and

 

(e) the Corporation shall furnish you for six (6) years following the Date of Termination (without reference to whether the term of this Agreement continues in effect) with directors’ and officers’ liability insurance insuring you against insurable events which occur or have occurred while you were a director or officer of the Corporation, such insurance to have policy limits aggregating not less than the amount in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control, and otherwise to be in substantially the same form and to contain substantially the same terms, conditions and exceptions as the liability issuance policies provided for officers and directors of the Corporation in force from time to time, provided, however, that such terms, conditions and exceptions shall not be, in the aggregate, materially less favorable to you than those in effect on the date hereof; provided, further, that if the aggregate annual premiums for such insurance at any time during such period exceed one hundred and fifty percent (150%) of the per annum rate of premium currently paid by the Corporation for such insurance, then the Corporation shall provide the maximum coverage that will then be available at an annual premium equal to one hundred and fifty percent (150%) of such rate.


(iii) The payments provided for in Sections 4(ii)(a) and (b) as applicable, shall be made not later than the fifth business day following the Date of Termination; provided, however, that if the amounts of such payments cannot be finally determined on or before such day, the Corporation shall pay to you on such day an estimate, as determined in good faith by the Corporation, of the minimum amount of such payments and shall pay the remainder of such payments (together with interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Code) as soon as the amount thereof can be determined but in no event later than the thirtieth day after the Date of Termination. In the event that the amount of the estimated payments exceeds the amount subsequently determined to have been due, such excess shall constitute a loan by the Corporation to you, payable on the fifth day after demand by the Corporation (together with interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Code).

 

(iv) You shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment provided for in this Section 4 by seeking other employment or otherwise, nor shall the amount of any payment or benefit provided for in this Section 4 be reduced by any compensation earned by you as the result of employment by another employer or self-employment, by retirement benefits, by offset against any amounts (other than loans or advances to you by the Corporation) claimed to be owed by you to the Corporation, or otherwise.

 

(v) As a condition to your receipt of any benefits described in Section 4(ii) hereof, you shall be required to execute a Release (the “Release”) of all claims arising out of your employment or the termination thereof, in a form reasonably acceptable to the Corporation. Such Release shall specifically relate to all of your rights and claims in existence at the time of such execution but shall exclude any continuing obligations the Corporation may have to you following the date of termination under this Agreement or any other agreement providing for obligations to survive your termination of employment.

 

5. Successors; Binding Agreement.

 

(i) The Corporation shall require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Corporation to expressly assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Corporation would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. Unless expressly provided otherwise, “Corporation” as used herein shall mean the Corporation as defined in this Agreement and any successor to its business and/or assets as aforesaid.

 

(ii) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by you and your personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees. If you should die while any amount would still be payable to you hereunder had you continued to live, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in accordance with the terms of this Agreement to your devisee, legatee or other designee or, if there is no such designee, to your estate.


6. Notice. For purposes of this Agreement, notices and all other communications provided for in this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered or mailed by United States certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the respective addresses set forth on the first page of this Agreement, provided that all notices to the Corporation shall be directed to the attention of its Secretary, or to such other address as either party may have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith, except that notice of change of address shall be effective only upon receipt.

 

7. Confidentiality and Non-Solicitation Covenants.

 

(i) Confidentiality. You hereby agree that during the term of this Agreement and thereafter, you shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as defined below). You further agree that, upon termination of your employment with the Corporation, all Confidential Information in your possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Corporation and shall not be retained by you or furnished to any third party, in any form except as provided herein; provided, however, that you shall not be obligated to treat as confidential, or return to the Corporation copies of any Confidential Information that (a) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to you, (b) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Agreement or any other duty owed to the Corporation by any person or entity, or (c) is lawfully disclosed to you by a third party. As used in this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” means: information disclosed to you or known by you as a consequence of or through your relationship with the Corporation about the customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, product lists, product road maps, technology specifications or other information related to the products and services of the Corporation and its affiliates. Nothing herein shall limit in any way any obligation you may have relating to Confidential Information under any other agreement with or promise to the Corporation.

 

(ii) Non-Solicitation. You hereby agree that, for the one (1) year period immediately following the Date of Termination, you shall not, either on your own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Corporation any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an officer or employee of the Corporation; provided, however, that a general advertisement to which an employee of the Corporation responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 7(ii).

 

(iii) Survival; Reformation. The provisions of this Section 7 shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement and your employment with the Corporation and shall be fully enforceable thereafter. If it shall be finally determined that any restriction in this Section 7 is excessive in duration or scope or is unreasonable or unenforceable under the laws of any state or jurisdiction, it is the intention of the parties that such restriction may be modified or amended to render it enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by the law of that state or jurisdiction.


(iv) Equitable Relief. In the event that you shall breach or threaten to breach any of the provisions of this Section 7, in addition to and without limiting or waiving any other remedies available to the Corporation in law or in equity, the Corporation shall be entitled to immediate injunctive relief in any court, domestic or foreign, having the capacity to grant such relief, to restrain such breach or threatened breach and to enforce the provisions of this Section 7. You acknowledge that it is impossible to measure in money the damages that the Corporation will sustain in the event that you breach or threaten to breach the provisions of this Section 7 and, in the event that the Corporation shall institute any action or proceeding to enforce such provisions seeking injunctive relief, you hereby waive and agree not to assert and shall not use as a defense thereto the claim or defense that the Corporation has an adequate remedy at law. The foregoing shall not prejudice the right of the Corporation to require you to account for and pay over to the Corporation the amount of any actual damages incurred by the Corporation as a result of such breach.

 

8. Miscellaneous. No provision of this Agreement may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by you and such officer as may be specifically designated by the Board. No waiver by either party hereto at any time of any breach by the other party hereto of or compliance with, any condition or provision of this Agreement to be performed by such other party shall be deemed a waiver of similar or dissimilar provisions or conditions at the same or at any prior or subsequent time. No agreements or representations, oral or otherwise, express or implied, with respect to the subject matter hereof have been made by either party which are not expressly set forth in this Agreement. The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of California without regard to its conflicts of law principles. All references to sections of the Exchange Act or the Code shall be deemed also to refer to any successor provisions to such sections. Except as provided in Section 4(ii)(f) hereunder, any payments provided for hereunder shall be paid net of any applicable withholding required under federal, state or local law. The obligations of the Corporation under Section 4 shall survive the expiration of the term of this Agreement. The section headings contained in this Agreement are for convenience only, and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement.

 

9. Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

10. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

11. Arbitration; Dispute Resolution, Etc.

 

(i) Arbitration Procedure. Except as set forth in Section 7(iv), any disagreement, dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the


interpretation of this Agreement or any arrangements relating to this Agreement or contemplated in this Agreement or the breach, termination or invalidity thereof shall be settled by final and binding arbitration administered by JAMS/Endispute in San Jose, California in accordance with the then existing JAMS/Endispute Arbitration Rules and Procedures for Employment Disputes. In the event of such an arbitration proceeding, you and the Corporation shall select a mutually acceptable neutral arbitrator from among the JAMS/Endispute panel of arbitrators. In the event you and the Corporation cannot agree on an arbitrator, the Administrator of JAMS/Endispute will appoint an arbitrator. Neither you nor the Corporation nor the arbitrator shall disclose the existence, content, or results of any arbitration hereunder without the prior written consent of all parties. Except as provided herein, the Federal Arbitration Act shall govern the interpretation, enforcement and all proceedings. The arbitrator shall apply the substantive law (and the law of remedies, if applicable) of the state of California, or federal law, or both, as applicable, and the arbitrator is without jurisdiction to apply any different substantive law. The arbitrator shall have the authority to entertain a motion to dismiss and/or a motion for summary judgment by any party and shall apply the standards governing such motions under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The arbitrator shall render an award and a written, reasoned opinion in support thereof. Judgment upon the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.

 

(ii) Compensation During Dispute, Etc. Your compensation during any disagreement, dispute, controversy, claim, suit, action or proceeding (collectively, a “Dispute”) arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation of this Agreement shall be as follows:

 

If there is a termination of your employment with the Corporation followed by a Dispute as to whether you are entitled to the payments and other benefits provided under this Agreement, then, during the period of that Dispute the Corporation shall pay you fifty percent (50%) of the amounts specified in Section 4(ii)(b) hereof, and the Corporation shall provide you with the other benefits provided in Section 4(ii) of this Agreement, if, but only if, you agree in writing that if the Dispute is resolved against you, you shall promptly refund to the Corporation all payments you receive under Section 4(ii)(b) of this Agreement plus interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(d) of the Code, compounded quarterly. If the Dispute is resolved in your favor, promptly after resolution of the Dispute the Corporation shall pay you all amounts which were withheld during the period of the Dispute plus interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(d) of the Code, compounded quarterly.

 

(iii) Expenses, Legal Fees. The Corporation shall pay, or reimburse you for, all administrative fees and costs, and all arbitrator’s fees and expenses incurred by you in connection with any Dispute arising out of or related to this Agreement. The Corporation shall pay, or reimburse you for, all expenses and reasonable attorneys fees incurred by you in connection with any Dispute arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation thereof to which you are entitled by statute and with respect to which you prevail, and then in accordance with the terms of the arbitrator’s award.

 

12. Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein and supersedes all prior agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any


prior agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein, including, without limitation, any prior severance agreements, is hereby terminated and cancelled. Any of your rights hereunder shall be in addition to any rights you may otherwise have under benefit plans or agreements of the Corporation (other than severance plans or agreements) to which you are a party or in which you are a participant, including, but not limited to, any Corporation sponsored employee benefit plans and stock options plans. The provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way abrogate your rights under such other plans and agreements. In addition this Agreement shall not limit in any way any obligation you may have under any other agreement with or promise to the Corporation relating to employee confidentiality, proprietary rights in technology or the assignment of interests in any intellectual property.

 

13. At-Will Employment. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall (i) confer upon you any right to continue in the employ of the Corporation, (ii) constitute any contract or agreement of employment, or (iii) interfere in any way with the at-will nature of your employment with the Corporation.

 

If this letter sets forth our agreement on the subject matter hereof, kindly sign and return to the Corporation the enclosed copy of this letter, which shall then constitute our agreement on this subject.

 

Sincerely,

TIVO INC.

By:

 

 


Its:

   

 

Agreed and Accepted,

this          day of             , 200  .

 

____________________

EX-10.4 6 dex104.htm FORM OF VP CHANGE OF CONTROL TERMS & CONDITIONS AGRMT. Form of VP Change of Control Terms & Conditions Agrmt.

EXHIBIT 10.4

 

Change of Control

Terms and Conditions

 

TiVo Inc. (the “Corporation”) considers it essential to the best interests of its shareholders to foster the continuous employment of the Corporation’s key management personnel. In this regard, the Corporation’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) recognizes that, as is the case with many publicly-held corporations, the possibility of a change in control of the Corporation may exist and the uncertainty and questions that it may raise among management could result in the departure or distraction of management personnel to the detriment of the Corporation and its shareholders.

 

The Board has decided to reinforce and encourage the continued attention and dedication of members of the Corporation’s management, including yourself, to their assigned duties without the distraction arising from the possibility of a change in control of the Corporation.

 

In order to induce you to remain in its employ, the Corporation hereby agrees that after this letter agreement (this “Agreement”) has been fully executed, you shall receive the severance benefits set forth in this Agreement in the event that your employment with the Corporation is terminated under the circumstances described below in anticipation of or subsequent to a Change in Control (as defined below).

 

1. Term of Agreement. This Agreement shall commence on January 1, 2004 and shall continue in effect through December 31, 2004; provided, however, that commencing on January 1, 2005 and on each January 1 thereafter, the term of this Agreement shall automatically be extended for one additional year unless, not later than December 15 of the preceding year, the Corporation shall have given you notice that it does not wish to extend this Agreement; provided, further, that if a Change in Control occurs during the original or any extended term of this Agreement, the term of this Agreement shall continue in effect for the twelve (12) month period immediately following the Change in Control.

 

2. Change in Control. No benefits shall be payable hereunder unless there has been a Change in Control. For purposes of this Agreement, a “Change in Control” shall mean of (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Corporation of the voting stock of the Corporation to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote; provided, however, that a sales by the stockholders of the Corporation of voting stock that results in the ownership by such Acquiring Entity of less than eighty percent (80%) of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote shall nonetheless constitute a Change in Control if it results in the Acquiring Entity having the right to appoint a majority of the members of the Board; (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is not the surviving corporation or (iv) a reverse merger in which the Corporation is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise.


3. Termination in Anticipation of or Following Change in Control.

 

(i) General. If a Change in Control shall have occurred during the term of this Agreement, you shall be entitled to the benefits provided in Section 4(ii) if your employment is terminated within the thirteen (13) month period immediately following the date of such Change in Control (a) by the Corporation other than for Cause or Disability (each as defined below), or (b) by you for Good Reason (as defined below) (a termination of your employment under the circumstances described in this sentence is sometimes hereinafter referred to as a “Payment Termination”). Notwithstanding anything contained herein, if your employment is terminated during the period commencing on the public announcement of a transaction which if consummated will constitute a Change in Control and ending on the date of consummation of such Change in Control either by the Corporation other than for Cause or Disability or by you for Good Reason, and if such termination (1) was at the request of a third party effecting the Change in Control or (2) otherwise arose in connection with or in anticipation of the Change in Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement your employment shall be deemed to have been terminated immediately after the actual occurrence of the Change in Control. Except as described in the preceding sentence, in the event that your employment with the Corporation is terminated for any reason and subsequently a Change in Control occurs, you shall not be entitled to any benefits hereunder. In the event that you are entitled to the benefits provided in Section 4(ii), such benefits shall be paid notwithstanding the subsequent expiration of the term of this Agreement.

 

(ii) Death or Disability. Your employment with the Corporation shall terminate automatically upon your death. The Corporation may terminate your employment for Disability, but only if that Disability continues through the Date of Termination (as hereinafter defined). For purposes of this Agreement, “Disability” shall mean your absence from the full-time performance of your duties with the Corporation for six (6) consecutive months by reason of your physical or mental illness.

 

(iii) Cause. The Corporation may terminate your employment for Cause. For purposes of this Agreement, “Cause” shall mean (a) your willful and continued failure to substantially perform your duties with the Corporation (other than any such failure resulting from your incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after your issuance of a Notice of Termination (as defined below) for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to you by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that you have not substantially performed your duties, (b) your willful and continued failure to substantially follow and comply with the specific and lawful directives of the Board, as reasonably determined by the Board (other than any such failure resulting from your incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after your issuance of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to you by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that you have not substantially performed your duties, (c) your willful commission of an act of fraud or dishonesty resulting in material economic or financial injury to the Corporation, or (d) your conviction of, or


entry by you of a guilty or no contest plea to, the commission of a felony involving moral turpitude. For purposes of this Section 3(iii), no act, or failure to act, on your part shall be deemed “willful” unless done, or omitted to be done, by you not in good faith.

 

(iv) Good Reason. You may terminate your employment with the Corporation for Good Reason. For purposes of this Agreement, “Good Reason” shall mean the occurrence, after a Change in Control, of any one or more of the following events without your prior written consent, unless the Corporation fully corrects the circumstances constituting Good Reason (provided such circumstances are capable of correction) prior to the Date of Termination:

 

(a) A material reduction in the nature or scope of your responsibilities, or the assignment to you of duties that are materially inconsistent with your position (in each case as compared to your responsibilities, duties or position immediately prior to the Change in Control);

 

(b) the Corporation’s reduction of your annual base salary or bonus opportunity, each as in effect on the date hereof or as the same may be increased from time to time;

 

(c) the relocation of the Corporation’s offices at which you are principally employed immediately prior to the date of the Change in Control (your “Principal Location”) such that your one-way daily commute from your principal residence to the Corporation’s offices at which you are principally employed is increased by more than fifty (50) miles;

 

(d) the Corporation’s failure to pay to you any portion of your then current compensation or any portion of an installment of deferred compensation under any deferred compensation program of the Corporation, in each case within seven (7) days of the date such compensation is due;

 

(e) the Corporation’s failure to continue in effect compensation and benefit plans which provide you with benefits which are no less favorable on an aggregate basis, both in terms of the amount of benefits provided and the level of your participation relative to other participants, to the benefits provided to you under the Corporation’s compensation and benefit plans and practices immediately prior to the Change in Control;

 

(f) the Corporation’s failure to obtain a satisfactory agreement from any successor to assume and agree to perform this Agreement, as contemplated in Section 5 hereof; or

 

(g) any purported termination of your employment that is not effected pursuant to a Notice of Termination satisfying the requirements of Section 3(v) hereof (and, if applicable, the requirements of Section 3(iii) hereof), which purported termination shall not be effective for purposes of this Agreement.

 

Your right to terminate your employment pursuant to this Section 3(iv) shall not be affected by your incapacity due to physical or mental illness. Your continued employment shall not constitute consent to, or a waiver of rights with respect to, any circumstance constituting Good Reason hereunder.


(v) Notice of Termination. Any purported termination of your employment by the Corporation or by you (other than termination due to your death, which shall terminate your employment automatically) shall be communicated by a written Notice of Termination to the other party hereto in accordance with Section 6. For purposes of this Agreement, “Notice of Termination” shall mean a notice that shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Agreement (if any) relied upon and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of your employment under the provision so indicated.

 

(vi) Date of Termination. For purposes of this Agreement, “Date of Termination” shall mean (a) if your employment is terminated due to your death, the date of your death; (b) if your employment is terminated for Disability, thirty (30) days after Notice of Termination is given (provided that you shall not have returned to the full time performance of your duties during such thirty (30) day period), and (c) if your employment is terminated for any reason other than death or Disability, the date specified in the Notice of Termination (which, in the case of a termination by the Corporation without Cause shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given, and in the case of a termination by you for Good Reason shall not be less than fifteen (15) nor more than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given).

 

4. Compensation Upon Termination.

 

(i) If your employment with the Corporation is terminated by reason of your death, by the Corporation for Cause or Disability, or by you other than for Good Reason, the Corporation shall pay you your full base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which you are entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Corporation at the time such payments are due, and the Corporation shall have no further obligations to you under this Agreement.

 

(ii) If you incur a Payment Termination, then, subject to Section 4(v), in lieu of any severance benefits to which you may otherwise be entitled under any severance plan or program of the Corporation or by law, you shall be entitled to the benefits provided below:

 

(a) the Corporation shall, at the time specified in Section 4(iii), pay to you your full base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which you are entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Corporation at the time such payments are due;

 

(b) the Corporation shall, at the time specified in Section 4(iii), pay as severance pay to you a lump-sum severance payment equal to the sum of the following:

 

(A) fifty percent (50%) of the greater of (x) your annual base salary as in effect immediately prior to delivery of the Notice of Termination or (y) your annual base salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control; and


(B) fifty percent (50%) of the greater of (x) your targeted annual bonus for the year in which the Date of Termination occurs or (y) your targeted annual bonus for the year in which the Change in Control occurs, as if the bonus goals are satisfied;

 

(c) you shall immediately become vested with respect to fifty percent (50%) of the unvested portion of any options to purchase the Corporation’s capital stock that you then hold and/or the restrictions with respect to fifty percent (50%) of the restricted shares of the Corporation’s capital stock that you then hold shall immediately lapse; provided, however that with regard to stock options or restricted shares of the Corporation’s capital stock held by you that contain provisions making the vesting of, or lapse of restrictions with respect to, such awards contingent upon the attainment of one or more performance goals (“Performance Awards”), such Performance Awards shall become vested and/or restrictions shall lapse with respect to fifty percent (50%) of the shares of the Corporation’s capital stock that otherwise would have become vested during the year of your termination of employment as if the performance goals with respect to such year (or prior periods) had been attained;

 

(d) for the period beginning on the Date of Termination and ending on the earlier of (i) the date which is six (6) full months following the Date of Termination or (ii) the first day of your eligibility to participate in a comparable group health plan maintained by a subsequent employer, the Corporation shall pay for and provide you and your dependents with the same medical benefits coverage to which you would have been entitled had you remained continuously employed by the Corporation during such period. In the event that you are ineligible under the terms of the Corporation’s benefit plans to continue to be so covered, the Corporation shall provide you with substantially equivalent coverage through other sources or will provide you with a lump sum payment (determined on a present value basis using the interest rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), on the Date of Termination) in such amount that, after all income and employment taxes on that amount, shall be equal to the cost to you of providing yourself such benefit coverage. At the termination of the benefits coverage under the first sentence of this Section 4(ii)(e), you and your dependents shall be entitled to continuation coverage pursuant to Section 4980B of the Code, Sections 601-608 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and under any other applicable law, to the extent required by such laws, as if you had terminated employment with the Corporation on the date such benefits coverage terminates; and

 

(e) the Corporation shall furnish you for six (6) years following the Date of Termination (without reference to whether the term of this Agreement continues in effect) with directors’ and officers’ liability insurance insuring you against insurable events which occur or have occurred while you were a director or officer of the Corporation, such insurance to have policy limits aggregating not less than the amount in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control, and otherwise to be in substantially the same form and to contain substantially the same terms, conditions and exceptions as the liability issuance policies provided for officers and directors of the Corporation in force from time to time, provided, however, that such terms, conditions and exceptions shall not be, in the aggregate, materially less favorable to you than those in effect on the date hereof; provided, further, that if the aggregate annual premiums for such insurance at any time during such period exceed one hundred and fifty percent (150%) of the per annum rate of premium currently paid by the Corporation for such insurance, then the Corporation shall provide the maximum coverage that will then be available at an annual premium equal to one hundred and fifty percent (150%) of such rate.


(iii) The payments provided for in Sections 4(ii)(a) and (b) as applicable, shall be made not later than the fifth business day following the Date of Termination; provided, however, that if the amounts of such payments cannot be finally determined on or before such day, the Corporation shall pay to you on such day an estimate, as determined in good faith by the Corporation, of the minimum amount of such payments and shall pay the remainder of such payments (together with interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Code) as soon as the amount thereof can be determined but in no event later than the thirtieth day after the Date of Termination. In the event that the amount of the estimated payments exceeds the amount subsequently determined to have been due, such excess shall constitute a loan by the Corporation to you, payable on the fifth day after demand by the Corporation (together with interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Code).

 

(iv) You shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment provided for in this Section 4 by seeking other employment or otherwise, nor shall the amount of any payment or benefit provided for in this Section 4 be reduced by any compensation earned by you as the result of employment by another employer or self-employment, by retirement benefits, by offset against any amounts (other than loans or advances to you by the Corporation) claimed to be owed by you to the Corporation, or otherwise.

 

(v) As a condition to your receipt of any benefits described in Section 4(ii) hereof, you shall be required to execute a Release (the “Release”) of all claims arising out of your employment or the termination thereof, in a form reasonably acceptable to the Corporation. Such Release shall specifically relate to all of your rights and claims in existence at the time of such execution but shall exclude any continuing obligations the Corporation may have to you following the date of termination under this Agreement or any other agreement providing for obligations to survive your termination of employment.

 

5. Successors; Binding Agreement.

 

(i) The Corporation shall require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Corporation to expressly assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Corporation would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. Unless expressly provided otherwise, “Corporation” as used herein shall mean the Corporation as defined in this Agreement and any successor to its business and/or assets as aforesaid.

 

(ii) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by you and your personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees. If you should die while any amount would still be payable to you hereunder had you continued to live, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in accordance with the terms of this Agreement to your devisee, legatee or other designee or, if there is no such designee, to your estate.


6. Notice. For purposes of this Agreement, notices and all other communications provided for in this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered or mailed by United States certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the respective addresses set forth on the first page of this Agreement, provided that all notices to the Corporation shall be directed to the attention of its Secretary, or to such other address as either party may have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith, except that notice of change of address shall be effective only upon receipt.

 

7. Confidentiality and Non-Solicitation Covenants.

 

(i) Confidentiality. You hereby agree that during the term of this Agreement and thereafter, you shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as defined below). You further agree that, upon termination of your employment with the Corporation, all Confidential Information in your possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Corporation and shall not be retained by you or furnished to any third party, in any form except as provided herein; provided, however, that you shall not be obligated to treat as confidential, or return to the Corporation copies of any Confidential Information that (a) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to you, (b) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Agreement or any other duty owed to the Corporation by any person or entity, or (c) is lawfully disclosed to you by a third party. As used in this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” means: information disclosed to you or known by you as a consequence of or through your relationship with the Corporation about the customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, product lists, product road maps, technology specifications or other information related to the products and services of the Corporation and its affiliates. Nothing herein shall limit in any way any obligation you may have relating to Confidential Information under any other agreement with or promise to the Corporation.

 

(ii) Non-Solicitation. You hereby agree that, for the one (1) year period immediately following the Date of Termination, you shall not, either on your own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Corporation any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an officer or employee of the Corporation; provided, however, that a general advertisement to which an employee of the Corporation responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 7(ii).

 

(iii) Survival; Reformation. The provisions of this Section 7 shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement and your employment with the Corporation and shall be fully enforceable thereafter. If it shall be finally determined that any restriction in this Section 7 is excessive in duration or scope or is unreasonable or unenforceable under the laws of any state or jurisdiction, it is the intention of the parties that such restriction may be modified or amended to render it enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by the law of that state or jurisdiction.


(iv) Equitable Relief. In the event that you shall breach or threaten to breach any of the provisions of this Section 7, in addition to and without limiting or waiving any other remedies available to the Corporation in law or in equity, the Corporation shall be entitled to immediate injunctive relief in any court, domestic or foreign, having the capacity to grant such relief, to restrain such breach or threatened breach and to enforce the provisions of this Section 7. You acknowledge that it is impossible to measure in money the damages that the Corporation will sustain in the event that you breach or threaten to breach the provisions of this Section 7 and, in the event that the Corporation shall institute any action or proceeding to enforce such provisions seeking injunctive relief, you hereby waive and agree not to assert and shall not use as a defense thereto the claim or defense that the Corporation has an adequate remedy at law. The foregoing shall not prejudice the right of the Corporation to require you to account for and pay over to the Corporation the amount of any actual damages incurred by the Corporation as a result of such breach.

 

8. Miscellaneous. No provision of this Agreement may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by you and such officer as may be specifically designated by the Board. No waiver by either party hereto at any time of any breach by the other party hereto of or compliance with, any condition or provision of this Agreement to be performed by such other party shall be deemed a waiver of similar or dissimilar provisions or conditions at the same or at any prior or subsequent time. No agreements or representations, oral or otherwise, express or implied, with respect to the subject matter hereof have been made by either party which are not expressly set forth in this Agreement. The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of California without regard to its conflicts of law principles. All references to sections of the Exchange Act or the Code shall be deemed also to refer to any successor provisions to such sections. Except as provided in Section 4(ii)(f) hereunder, any payments provided for hereunder shall be paid net of any applicable withholding required under federal, state or local law. The obligations of the Corporation under Section 4 shall survive the expiration of the term of this Agreement. The section headings contained in this Agreement are for convenience only, and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement.

 

9. Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

10. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

11. Arbitration; Dispute Resolution, Etc.

 

(i) Arbitration Procedure. Except as set forth in Section 7(iv), any disagreement, dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the


interpretation of this Agreement or any arrangements relating to this Agreement or contemplated in this Agreement or the breach, termination or invalidity thereof shall be settled by final and binding arbitration administered by JAMS/Endispute in San Jose, California in accordance with the then existing JAMS/Endispute Arbitration Rules and Procedures for Employment Disputes. In the event of such an arbitration proceeding, you and the Corporation shall select a mutually acceptable neutral arbitrator from among the JAMS/Endispute panel of arbitrators. In the event you and the Corporation cannot agree on an arbitrator, the Administrator of JAMS/Endispute will appoint an arbitrator. Neither you nor the Corporation nor the arbitrator shall disclose the existence, content, or results of any arbitration hereunder without the prior written consent of all parties. Except as provided herein, the Federal Arbitration Act shall govern the interpretation, enforcement and all proceedings. The arbitrator shall apply the substantive law (and the law of remedies, if applicable) of the state of California, or federal law, or both, as applicable, and the arbitrator is without jurisdiction to apply any different substantive law. The arbitrator shall have the authority to entertain a motion to dismiss and/or a motion for summary judgment by any party and shall apply the standards governing such motions under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The arbitrator shall render an award and a written, reasoned opinion in support thereof. Judgment upon the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.

 

(ii) Compensation During Dispute, Etc. Your compensation during any disagreement, dispute, controversy, claim, suit, action or proceeding (collectively, a “Dispute”) arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation of this Agreement shall be as follows:

 

If there is a termination of your employment with the Corporation followed by a Dispute as to whether you are entitled to the payments and other benefits provided under this Agreement, then, during the period of that Dispute the Corporation shall pay you fifty percent (50%) of the amounts specified in Section 4(ii)(b) hereof, and the Corporation shall provide you with the other benefits provided in Section 4(ii) of this Agreement, if, but only if, you agree in writing that if the Dispute is resolved against you, you shall promptly refund to the Corporation all payments you receive under Section 4(ii)(b) of this Agreement plus interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(d) of the Code, compounded quarterly. If the Dispute is resolved in your favor, promptly after resolution of the Dispute the Corporation shall pay you all amounts which were withheld during the period of the Dispute plus interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(d) of the Code, compounded quarterly.

 

(iii) Expenses, Legal Fees. The Corporation shall pay, or reimburse you for, all administrative fees and costs, and all arbitrator’s fees and expenses incurred by you in connection with any Dispute arising out of or related to this Agreement. The Corporation shall pay, or reimburse you for, all expenses and reasonable attorneys fees incurred by you in connection with any Dispute arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation thereof to which you are entitled by statute and with respect to which you prevail, and then in accordance with the terms of the arbitrator’s award.

 

12. Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein and supersedes all prior agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any


prior agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein, including, without limitation, any prior severance agreements, is hereby terminated and cancelled. Any of your rights hereunder shall be in addition to any rights you may otherwise have under benefit plans or agreements of the Corporation (other than severance plans or agreements) to which you are a party or in which you are a participant, including, but not limited to, any Corporation sponsored employee benefit plans and stock options plans. The provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way abrogate your rights under such other plans and agreements. In addition this Agreement shall not limit in any way any obligation you may have under any other agreement with or promise to the Corporation relating to employee confidentiality, proprietary rights in technology or the assignment of interests in any intellectual property.

 

13. At-Will Employment. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall (i) confer upon you any right to continue in the employ of the Corporation, (ii) constitute any contract or agreement of employment, or (iii) interfere in any way with the at-will nature of your employment with the Corporation.

 

If this letter sets forth our agreement on the subject matter hereof, kindly sign and return to the Corporation the enclosed copy of this letter, which shall then constitute our agreement on this subject.

 

Sincerely,

TIVO INC.

By:

 

 


Its:

   

 

Agreed and Accepted,

this              day of             , 200  .

 


EX-31.1 7 dex311.htm SECTION 302 CEO CERTIFICATION Section 302 CEO Certification

EXHIBIT 31.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, Michael Ramsay, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of TiVo Inc.;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) for the registrant and have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  c) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information.; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: June 9, 2004

 

/s/ Michael Ramsay


Michael Ramsay
Chief Executive Officer
EX-31.2 8 dex312.htm SECTION 302 CFO CERTIFICATION Section 302 CFO Certification

EXHIBIT 31.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, David H. Courtney, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of TiVo Inc.;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) for the registrant and have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  c) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information.; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: June 9, 2004

 

/s/ David H. Courtney


David H. Courtney
Executive Vice President, Worldwide
Operations and Administration and
Chief Financial Officer
EX-32.1 9 dex321.htm SECTION 906 CEO CERTIFICATION Section 906 CEO Certification

EXHIBIT 32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

In connection with the TiVo Inc. (the “Company”) Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending April 30, 2004 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Michael Ramsay, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

 

  1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

  2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated.

 

Date: June 9, 2004

 

/s/ Michael Ramsay


Michael Ramsay
Chief Executive Officer
EX-32.2 10 dex322.htm SECTION 906 CFO CERTIFICATION Section 906 CFO Certification

EXHIBIT 32.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

In connection with the TiVo Inc. (the “Company”) Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending April 30, 2004 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, David H. Courtney, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

 

  1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

  2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated.

 

Date: June 9, 2004

 

/s/ David H. Courtney


David H. Courtney
Executive Vice President, Worldwide
Operations and Administration and
Chief Financial Officer
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