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Employee Benefit Plans
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Employee Benefit Plans Employee Benefit Plans
The components of Net periodic benefit cost and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations were as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
Pension Benefits
U.S. PlansNon-U.S. PlansRetiree Health
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs:202420232024202320242023
Service cost$— $— $1 $1 $— $— 
Interest cost27 27 45 46 2 3 
Expected return on plan assets(23)(25)(48)(56)— — 
Recognized net actuarial loss (gain)5 3 16 1 (3)(2)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)— — 1 1 (4)(4)
Recognized settlement loss5 5 — — — — 
Defined benefit plans14 10 15 (7)(5)(3)
Defined contribution plans3 4 5 6 n/an/a
Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)17 14 20 (1)(5)(3)
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income:
Net actuarial gain(1)
(8)(7)— — — — 
Amortization of net actuarial (loss) gain(10)(8)(16)(1)3 2 
Amortization of prior service (cost) credit— — (1)(1)4 4 
Total Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income(2)
(18)(15)(17)(2)7 6 
Total Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive Income$(1)$(1)$3 $(3)$2 $3 
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(1)The net actuarial gain for U.S. Pension Plans primarily reflects (i) the remeasurement of our primary U.S. pension plans as a result of the payment of periodic settlements.
(2)Amounts represent the pre-tax effect included within Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income. Refer to Note 19 - Other Comprehensive Income for related tax effects and the after-tax amounts.
Pension Plan Amendment
In January 2024, the pension board of our Netherlands benefit pension plan transferred the plan’s assets and projected benefit obligation (PBO) to a single general pension fund. In addition to the transition, the indexation target was increased from 75% of price inflation to 100% of price inflation. This plan amendment resulted in an increase of approximately $47 (approximately EUR 44 million) in the PBO for this Collective Defined Contribution (CDC) plan, approximately 6% of the plan PBO as of December 31, 2023. From a Company risk perspective, this CDC plan operates just like a frozen defined contribution plan. Although the Company's risk has been mitigated, under U.S. GAAP this CDC plan doesn't meet the definition of a defined contribution plan and therefore continues to be accounted for as a defined benefit plan.
Contributions
The following table summarizes cash contributions to our defined benefit pension plans and retiree health benefit plans:
Three Months Ended
March 31,		Year Ended
December 31,
20242023
Estimated 2024
2023
U.S. plans$18 $6 $100 $53 
Non-U.S. plans6 7 30 28 
Total Pension plans24 13 130 81 
Retiree Health7 4 20 21 
Total Retirement plans$31 $17 $150 $102 
Approximately $80 of the estimated 2024 contributions for our U.S. plans are for our tax-qualified defined benefit plans.