Employee Benefit Plans

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Employee Benefit Plans

Employee Benefit Plans

The components of Net periodic benefit cost and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	Pension Benefits
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans				Retiree Health
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs:	2020		2019		2020		2019		2020		2019
Service cost	$	—	$	1	$	5	$	5	$	—	$	1
Interest cost	21		28		26		38		4		4
Expected return on plan assets	(26)		(25)		(46)		(58)		—		—
Recognized net actuarial loss (gain)	7		6		14		12		(1)		(1)
Amortization of prior service credit	(1)		(1)		—		(1)		(19)		(19)
Recognized settlement loss	13		27		—		—		—		—
Defined benefit plans	14		36		(1)		(4)		(16)		(15)
Defined contribution plans	6		5		5		6		n/a		n/a
Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)	20		41		4		2		(16)		(15)
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Net actuarial (gain) loss(1)	(92)		21		—		—		(6)		—
Amortization of net actuarial (loss) gain	(20)		(33)		(14)		(12)		1		1
Amortization of net prior service credit	1		1		—		1		19		19
Total Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)(2)	(111)		(11)		(14)		(11)		14		20
Total Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit (Credit) Cost and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	(91)	$	30	$	(10)	$	(9)	$	(2)	$	5
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	Pension Benefits
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans				Retiree Health
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs:	2020		2019		2020		2019		2020		2019
Service cost	$	1	$	1	$	10	$	12	$	1	$	1
Interest cost	44		58		55		77		6		8
Expected return on plan assets	(52)		(51)		(93)		(118)		—		—
Recognized net actuarial loss (gain)	14		11		28		22		(1)		(2)
Amortization of prior service credit	(1)		(1)		—		(1)		(38)		(38)
Recognized settlement loss	32		58		—		—		—		—
Recognized curtailment gain	—		—		(1)		—		—		—
Defined benefit plans	38		76		(1)		(8)		(32)		(31)
Defined contribution plans(1)	11		13		10		12		n/a		n/a
Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)	49		89		9		4		(32)		(31)
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Net actuarial (gain) loss(1)	(80)		36		—		—		(6)		—
Amortization of net actuarial (loss) gain	(46)		(69)		(28)		(22)		1		2
Amortization of prior service credit	1		1		—		1		38		38
Total Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)(2)	(125)		(32)		(28)		(21)		33		40
Total Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit (Credit) Cost and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	(76)	$	57	$	(19)	$	(17)	$	1	$	9

_____________

(1)The net actuarial (gain) loss for U.S. Plans primarily reflects (i) the remeasurement of our primary U.S. pension plans as a result of the payment of periodic settlements and (ii) adjustments for the actuarial valuation results based on January 1st plan census data.

(2)Amounts represent the pre-tax effect included within Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). Refer to Note 19 - Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for related tax effects and the after-tax amounts.

Contributions

The following table summarizes cash contributions to our defined benefit pension plans and retiree health benefit plans.

	Six Months Ended June 30,				Year Ended December 31,
	2020		2019		Estimated 2020		2019
U.S. plans	$	12	$	13	$	25	$	26
Non-U.S. plans	52		57		110		115
Total Pension	$	64	$	70	$	135	$	141
Retiree Health	$	9	$	16	$	35	$	30

There are no mandatory contributions required in 2020 for our U.S. tax-qualified defined benefit plans to meet the minimum funding requirements.