Financial Instruments

Interest Rate Risk Management

We use interest rate swap agreements to manage our interest rate exposure and to achieve a desired proportion of variable and fixed rate debt. These derivatives may be designated as fair value hedges or cash flow hedges depending on the nature of the risk being hedged.

Fair Value Hedges

As of September 30, 2017, pay variable/receive fixed interest rate swaps with notional amounts of $300 and net asset fair value of $4 were designated and accounted for as fair value hedges. The swaps were structured to hedge the fair value of related debt by converting them from fixed rate instruments to variable rate instruments.

The following is a summary of our fair value hedges at September 30, 2017:



Debt Instrument	Year First Designated	Notional Amount		Net Fair Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate Paid		Interest Rate Received		Basis	Maturity
Senior Note 2021	2014	$	300	$	4	2.79	%	4.5	%	Libor	2021

Foreign Exchange Risk Management

We are a global company that is exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations in the normal course of our business. As a part of our foreign exchange risk management strategy, we use derivative instruments, primarily forward contracts and purchased option contracts, to hedge the following foreign currency exposures, thereby reducing volatility of earnings or protecting fair values of assets and liabilities:

•Foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities


•	Forecasted purchases and sales in foreign currency

At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we had outstanding forward exchange and purchased option contracts with gross notional values of $2,036 and $3,149 respectively, with terms of less than 12 months. Approximately 69% of the contracts at September 30, 2017 mature within three months, 25% mature in three to six months and 6% in six to twelve months. The associated currency exposures being hedged at September 30, 2017 were materially consistent with our year-end currency exposures, with the exception of our Euro/U.K. Pound Sterling exposure, which decreased by approximately $1,130 (currencies hedged - buy/sell). There has not been any material change in our hedging strategy.

Foreign Currency Cash Flow Hedges

We designate a portion of our foreign currency derivative contracts as cash flow hedges of our foreign currency-denominated expenses. The net liability fair value of these contracts were $21 and $20 as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

Summary of Derivative Instruments Fair Value

The following table provides a summary of the fair value amounts of our derivative instruments:



Designation of Derivatives	Balance Sheet Location	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
Foreign exchange contracts - forwards	Other current assets	$	1		$	6
	Other current liabilities	(22		)	(26		)
Interest rate swaps	Other long-term assets	4			4
	Net Designated Derivative Liability	$	(17	)	$	(16	)

Derivatives NOT Designated as Hedging Instruments
Foreign exchange contracts – forwards	Other current assets	$	5		$	82
	Other current liabilities	(27		)	(13		)
	Net Undesignated Derivative (Liability) Asset	$	(22	)	$	69

Summary of Derivatives	Total Derivative Assets	$	10		$	92
	Total Derivative Liabilities	(49		)	(39		)
	Net Derivative (Liability) Asset	$	(39	)	$	53

Summary of Derivative Instruments Gains (Losses)

Derivative gains (losses) affect the income statement based on whether such derivatives are designated as hedges of underlying exposures. The following is a summary of derivative gains (losses).

Designated Derivative Instruments Gains (Losses)

The following table provides a summary of gains (losses) on derivative instruments:



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments	2017			2016			2017			2016
Fair Value Hedges - Interest rate contracts
Derivative (loss) gain recognized in interest expense	$	(1	)	$	(3	)	$	—		$	8
Hedged item gain (loss) recognized in interest expense	1			3			—			(8		)

Cash Flow Hedges - Foreign exchange forward contracts and options
Derivative (loss) gain recognized in OCI (effective portion)	$	(9	)	$	4		$	(22	)	$	61
Derivative (loss) gain reclassified from AOCL to income - Cost of sales (effective portion)	(15		)	17			(23		)	24

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 no amount of ineffectiveness was recorded in earnings for these designated cash flow hedges and all components of each derivative’s gain (loss) was included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. In addition, no amount was recorded for an underlying exposure that did not occur or was not expected to occur.

As of September 30, 2017, a net after-tax loss of $17 was recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss associated with our cash flow hedging activity. The entire balance is expected to be reclassified into net income within the next 12 months, providing an offsetting economic impact against the underlying anticipated transactions.

Non-Designated Derivative Instruments (Losses) Gains

Non-designated derivative instruments are primarily instruments used to hedge foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities. They are not designated as hedges since there is a natural offset for the re-measurement of the underlying foreign currency-denominated asset or liability.

The following table provides a summary of (losses) gains on non-designated derivative instruments:



Derivatives NOT Designated as Hedging Instruments		Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
Derivatives NOT Designated as Hedging Instruments	Location of Derivative (Loss) Gain	2017			2016		2017			2016
Foreign exchange contracts – forwards	Other expense – Currency (loss) gain, net	$	(20	)	$	33	$	(30	)	$	182

Net currency gains and losses are included in Other expenses, net and include the mark-to-market adjustments of the derivatives not designated as hedging instruments and the related cost of those derivatives as well as the re-measurement of foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, currency losses, net were $0 and $4, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, currency losses, net were $4 and $7, respectively.