EX-99.1 2 exhibit99-1.htm EXHIBIT99-1-2QSHRPT
 

 


 
Manulife reports 2Q17 net income of $1,255 million, core earnings of $1,174 million, and strong investment-related experience gains
TORONTO – Manulife Financial Corporation ("MFC") today announced net income attributed to shareholders of $1,255 million for the second quarter of 2017 ("2Q17"), fully diluted earnings per common share of $0.61 and return on common shareholders' equity ("ROE") of 12.4%, compared with $704 million, $0.34, and 7.1%, respectively, for the second quarter of 2016 ("2Q16"). MFC generated core earnings of $1,174 million, diluted core earnings per common share of $0.57 and core return on common shareholders' equity ("core ROE") of 11.5%, compared with $833 million, $0.40, and 8.4%, respectively, for 2Q16. Favourable investment-related experience in 2Q17 contributed $232 million to the increase in net income attributed to shareholders, of which $154 million also contributed to the $341 million increase in core earnings.
Year-to-date 2017 net income attributed to shareholders was $2,605 million, fully diluted earnings per common share were $1.27 and ROE was 13.0% compared with $1,749 million, $0.85 and 8.9%, respectively, for the same period of 2016. Year-to-date 2017 core earnings were $2,275 million, fully diluted core earnings per common share were $1.11 and core ROE was 11.3% compared with $1,738 million, $0.84 and 8.9%, respectively, for the same period of 2016.
Donald Guloien, Chief Executive Officer, stated, "This was another solid quarter, with strong operating performance reflected in core earnings of $1.17 billion and net income of $1.26 billion. Our global businesses continued to perform well and we delivered strong investment-related experience gains."
Roy Gori, President, added, "Our results this quarter highlight the strength of our diversified, global franchise. We delivered strong Insurance sales with double-digit growth in all divisions, and new business value increased by 24%. We also delivered our 30th consecutive quarter of positive wealth and asset management net flows, with contributions from all divisions."
Steve Roder, Chief Financial Officer, said, "We are in the process of completing the third quarter's annual review of actuarial methods and assumptions. Although the work is still ongoing, our preliminary analysis suggests that the impact will not be substantial in either direction to post-tax earnings in the third quarter."1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

1
See "Caution regarding forward-looking statements" below.
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
1


HOW OUR COMPANY PERFORMED
Profitability
Reported net income attributed to shareholders of $1,255 million in 2Q17, an increase of $551 million compared with 2Q16
The increase in net income attributed to shareholders primarily reflects growth in core earnings, more favourable investment-related experience and an improvement in the direct impact of markets. Each of these items is described below.
Generated core earnings of $1,174 million in 2Q17, an increase of $341 million or 41% compared with 2Q16
The increase in core earnings included $154 million of core investment gains in 2Q17 (compared with nil in 2Q16). The remaining $187 million increase was driven by strong new business and in-force growth in Asia, higher fee income in our wealth and asset management businesses and a reduction in equity hedging costs. Core earnings in 2Q17 included net policyholder experience charges of $57 million post-tax ($85 million pre-tax) compared with charges of $63 million post-tax ($106 million pre-tax) in 2Q16.
Generated ROE and core ROE of 12.4% and 11.5%, respectively, in 2Q17 compared with 7.1% and 8.4%, respectively, in 2Q16
The improvements in ROE and core ROE were a consequence of growth in net income attributed to shareholders and core earnings, respectively.
Generated investment-related experience gains of $292 million in 2Q17 compared with gains of $60 million in 2Q16
The $292 million gain reported in 2Q17 reflected the favourable impact of fixed-income reinvestment activities on the measurement of our policy liabilities and strong credit experience. In accordance with our definition of core earnings, we included $154 million of investment-related experience gains in core earnings in 2Q17 and nil in 2Q16. (See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" in our Second Quarter 2017 Report to Shareholders).
Reported charges related to the direct impact of markets of $37 million in 2Q17 compared with charges of $170 million in 2Q16
The 2Q17 charges were related to the direct impact of interest rates on the valuation of our policy liabilities primarily due to narrowing corporate spreads and widening swap spreads, partially offset by gains due to a flattening yield curve and favourable equity markets.
Insurance and Other Wealth Growth
Achieved insurance sales of $1.4 billion in 2Q17, an increase of 46% compared with 2Q16
In Asia, insurance sales increased 11% from 2Q16, driven by growth in Japan, Vietnam and mainland China, partially offset by lower sales in Hong Kong as sales to mainland Chinese visitors declined. In Canada, insurance sales were up considerably from 2Q16 due to a large-case group benefits sale. In the U.S., life insurance sales increased 26% from 2Q16, reflecting strong growth of international and term sales.
Reported Other Wealth sales of $2.0 billion in 2Q17, a decrease of 3% compared with 2Q16
In 2Q17, Other Wealth sales in Asia were in line with 2Q16, with strong sales in Hong Kong, driven by a shift in business mix towards investment-linked products, partially offset by a decline in business from the bank channel in Japan. In Canada, sales declined 11% from 2Q16 due to actions to de-emphasize fixed product sales.
Generated New Business Value ("NBV") of $346 million in 2Q17, an increase of 24% compared with 2Q16
The increase in NBV was primarily driven by strong growth in Asia, where NBV increased 16% from 2Q16 to $268 million, reflecting strong annualized premium equivalent ("APE") sales and management actions to improve margins, partially offset by a change in business mix in Hong Kong.
Wealth and asset management ("WAM") Growth
Generated net flows of $5.6 billion in our wealth and asset management businesses in 2Q171 compared with $4.8 billion in 2Q16
2Q17 marked the 30th consecutive quarter of positive net flows in our WAM businesses. Net flows were generated across all three operating divisions and in each of our business lines: retirement, retail and institutional asset management. The increase compared with 2Q16 was primarily driven by continued sales momentum and lower redemption rates in U.S. retail and strong gross flows in Asia retirement, partially offset by lower net flows in the other business units.
 
 


 

1
Commencing in 1Q17, Manulife Asset Management's Institutional Asset Management net flows and gross flows are reported by the division corresponding to their geographic source.
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
2


 
Generated gross flows of $30.9 billion in our wealth and asset management businesses in 2Q171, an increase of 13% compared with 2Q16
In Asia, gross flows increased 17% from 2Q16, driven by strong retail sales in mainland China and Singapore, as well as continued momentum in the Hong Kong retirement market, partially offset by lower institutional flows compared with a strong prior year quarter. In Canada, gross flows increased 16% from 2Q16, driven by the funding of a large institutional asset management mandate, as well as the continued success of our retail investment business. In the U.S., gross flows increased 10%, driven by solid growth across all three business lines.

Reported core EBITDA2 from our wealth and asset management businesses of $369 million in 2Q17, an increase of 24% compared with 2Q16
The increase in core EBITDA primarily relates to higher fee income on higher average asset levels driven by favourable investment returns and positive net flows. In addition, core EBITDA was favourably impacted by a 2Q17 expense adjustment of $22 million pre-tax ($14 million post-tax) related to the timing of compensation expenses. Core earnings from our wealth and asset management businesses of $207 million in 2Q17 increased 32% compared with 2Q16 driven by the same factors.

Achieved WAM assets under management and administration ("AUMA") of $572 billion as at June 30, 2017, an increase of 7% compared with December 31, 2016
WAM assets under management and administration increased 7% and 14% compared with December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2016, respectively, driven by favourable investment returns and positive net flows.
Total Company Growth
Achieved total assets under management and administration of $1.0 trillion as at June 30, 2017, an increase of 6% compared with December 31, 2016
Assets under management and administration increased 6% and 9% compared with December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2016, respectively, driven by favourable investment returns and continued positive net flows.
Financial Strength
Reported a MCCSR ratio of 230% for The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company ("MLI") as at June 30, 2017 compared with 233% as at March 31, 2017
The 3 percentage point decrease from 233% as at March 31, 2017 was primarily due to the redemption of $500 million of subordinated debt and an increase in required capital from movements in interest rates. The ratio was in line with the December 31, 2016 ratio of 230%.
Reported a financial leverage ratio for MFC of 29.2% as at June 30, 2017 compared with 30.1% as at March 31, 2017
Our financial leverage decreased from the prior quarter primarily due to the redemption of $500 million of subordinated debt and higher retained earnings. Our financial leverage ratio was in line with the December 31, 2016 ratio of 29.5%.
Estimate a neutral post-tax impact for the annual review of actuarial methods and assumptions
In the third quarter of 2017, we will complete our annual review of actuarial methods and assumptions. While the review is not complete, preliminary indications suggest that the impact will not be substantial in either direction to post-tax earnings in the third quarter.3 Assumptions being reviewed this year include U.S. and Canadian Life mortality assumptions, lapse assumptions for Canadian retail insurance, policyholder behaviour assumptions for Canadian segregated fund guarantees and investment return assumptions used in the valuation of policy liabilities.



1
Commencing in 1Q17, Manulife Asset Management's Institutional Asset Management net flows and gross flows are reported by the division corresponding to their geographic source.
2
Core earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.
3
See "Caution regarding forward-looking statements" below.
 

Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
3

HOW OUR BUSINESSES PERFORMED
We evaluate our divisional operating performance based on core earnings. The table below reconciles core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders.
 
   
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
 
($ millions)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
 
Core earnings
                                       
 
Asia Division
 
$
405
   
$
408
   
$
342
   
$
813
   
$
713
 
 
Canadian Division
   
345
     
319
     
333
     
664
     
671
 
 
U.S. Division
   
452
     
515
     
361
     
967
     
750
 
 
Corporate and Other
Excluding expected cost of macro hedges and core investment gains
   
(168
)
   
(166
)
   
(125
)
   
(334
)
   
(232
)
 
Expected cost of macro hedges
   
(14
)
   
(21
)
   
(78
)
   
(35
)
   
(164
)
 
Core investment gains
   
154
     
46
     
-
     
200
     
-
 
 
Core earnings
   
1,174
     
1,101
     
833
     
2,275
     
1,738
 
 
Investment-related experience outside of core earnings
   
138
     
-
     
60
     
138
     
(280
)
 
Core earnings and investment-related experience outside of core earnings
   
1,312
     
1,101
     
893
     
2,413
     
1,458
 
 
Direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities
   
(37
)
   
267
     
(170
)
   
230
     
304
 
 
Changes in actuarial methods and assumptions
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
12
 
 
Integration and acquisition costs
   
(20
)
   
(18
)
   
(19
)
   
(38
)
   
(33
)
 
Tax and other items
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
8
 
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
 
$
1,255
   
$
1,350
   
$
704
   
$
2,605
   
$
1,749
 
Asia Division
Business highlights
In 2Q17, Asia Division delivered a 16% increase in NBV, with NBV margins of 30.6%, up 0.8 percentage points compared with 2Q16. This growth was driven by APE sales, which were up 12% compared with 2Q16, reflecting increases in most of our markets and core distribution channels. We also experienced double-digit growth in gross flows from our wealth and asset management businesses, reflecting strong retail flows from the expansion of our bank distribution partners. Core earnings were up 18% with increased contribution across all of our lines of business, including continued expansion of our in-force business. In the Philippines, we received approval to establish a trust company, which will extend our customer offering to include wealth and asset management solutions. In Cambodia, we expanded our bancassurance distribution channel through a new 15-year exclusive partnership with ABA Bank, the country's 5th largest bank. 
Earnings
Expressed in U.S. dollars, the presentation currency of the division, net income attributed to shareholders was US$413 million in 2Q17 compared with US$22 million in 2Q16 and core earnings were US$301 million in 2Q17 compared with US$266 million in 2Q16. Items excluded from core earnings were a net gain of US$112 million in 2Q17 compared with a net charge of US$244 million in 2Q16.
Core earnings in 2Q17 increased 18% compared with 2Q16 after adjusting for costs arising from the expansion of our dynamic hedging program (there is a corresponding decrease in macro hedging costs in the Corporate and Other segment) and the impact of changes in foreign currency rates. The increase in core earnings was driven by growth in new business volumes, continued growth of in-force business and more favourable product mix, partially offset by a small charge related to policyholder experience in 2Q17 compared with a small gain in the prior year.
Year-to-date net income attributed to shareholders was US$856 million in 2017 compared with US$110 million in 2016. Year-to-date core earnings increased by 18% compared with the same period in 2016 after adjusting for the increased dynamic hedging costs and the impact of changes in foreign currency rates. The increase reflects similar factors as described above for 2Q17, partially offset by the non-recurrence of gains of US$16 million related to two separate reinsurance treaties in 1Q16.
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
4

Sales, Gross Flows and New Business Value (comparisons with 2Q16 and percentage change calculated on a constant currency basis)
Annualized premium equivalent sales in 2Q17 were US$686 million, 12% higher than 2Q16, driven by strong insurance sales in Japan, Vietnam and mainland China, and continued growth in Singapore. Contributing to this increase were insurance sales of US$551 million and other wealth APE sales of US$135 million, up 11% and 19%, respectively, from 2Q16. Year-to-date APE sales of $1.5 billion were 21% higher than the same period in 2016.
·
Japan APE sales in 2Q17 were US$293 million, a 24% increase reflecting the continued execution of our product and distribution strategies in our agency and independent broker channels. Our bank channel APE growth was modest at 3%.
·
Hong Kong APE sales in 2Q17 were US$125 million, a 2% increase, with higher sales from new product launches and enhancements, partially offset by a reduction in sales to mainland Chinese visitors.
·
Asia Other (excludes Japan and Hong Kong) APE sales in 2Q17 were US$268 million, an increase of 7% from 2Q16. We experienced significant double-digit growth in both Vietnam and Cambodia, and continued growth in Singapore, as our exclusive bancassurance partnership with DBS continued to perform strongly.
Wealth and Asset Management gross flows of US$5.0 billion in 2Q17 were US$0.6 billion or 17% higher than 2Q16, mainly driven by higher retail flows in Asia Other and an increase in retirement flows in Hong Kong partially offset by lower institutional asset management flows compared with a strong prior year quarter. We reported positive net flows of US$1.1 billion in 2Q17, a reduction of US$0.9 billion from 2Q16. The 2Q17 net flows were driven by the strong gross flows noted above partially offset by higher redemptions of money market funds in mainland China. Year-to-date gross flows of US$9.1 billion were 28% higher than 2016 and year-to-date net flows of US$1.8 billion were in line with the same period in 2016.
·
Japan WAM gross flows of US$0.1 billion in 2Q17 decreased 18% compared with 2Q16 as the prior year flows included the impact of a successful fund launch.
·
Hong Kong WAM gross flows in 2Q17 of US$0.9 billion increased 57%, reflecting a combination of continued robust organic growth in the agency and bank channels.
·
Asia Other (excludes Japan and Hong Kong) WAM gross flows of US$3.1 billion increased 58% compared with 2Q16, reflecting an increase in money market flows in mainland China, strong retail flows driven by distribution channel expansion in Indonesia and Malaysia and a new product launch in Singapore.
·
Institutional asset management gross flows in 2Q17 of US$0.8 billion decreased 47% as 2Q16 flows included the US$0.5 billion impact of the US Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) initial public offering in Singapore.
New Business Value
New business value in 2Q17 was US$200 million, a 16% increase compared with 2Q16 reflecting APE growth and management actions to improve margins, partially offset by a change in business mix in Hong Kong. This translated into a 0.8 percentage point improvement in NBV margin to 30.6%.
·
Japan NBV in 2Q17 of US$71 million increased 45% as a result of higher sales and management actions to improve margins.
·
Hong Kong NBV in 2Q17 of US$64 million decreased 7% as a result of a shift in business mix towards investment-linked products.
·
Asia Other NBV of US$65 million increased 17% as a result of continued growth in sales, scale benefits and product actions. The growth was most notable in mainland China, the Philippines, and Vietnam.
Canadian Division
Business highlights
In 2Q17, Canadian Division delivered solid wealth and asset management gross flows and positive net flows, fueled by the funding of a large institutional asset management mandate and the continued success of our mutual fund lineup. We delivered higher overall insurance sales driven by a large-case group benefits sale. During the quarter, we launched 4 exchange traded funds ("ETFs") focused on multi-factor investment strategies in Canadian, U.S. and international equities. We introduced customer-facing digital solutions including a combined group benefits and retirement mobile application and fingerprint identification technology for Manulife Bank customers.
Earnings
In 2Q17, net income attributed to shareholders was $84 million compared with $359 million in 2Q16, core earnings were $345 million in 2Q17 compared with $333 million in 2Q16 and items excluded from core earnings amounted to a net charge of $261 million in 2Q17 compared with a net gain of $26 million in 2Q16.
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
5

Core earnings increased $12 million or 4% compared with 2Q16, reflecting higher fee income in our wealth and asset management businesses from higher average asset levels and increased earnings in the bank, partially offset by a number of smaller items. The $287 million unfavourable change in items excluded from core earnings was primarily related to the direct impact of markets.
Year-to-date net income attributed to shareholders in 2017 was $272 million compared with $959 million in 2016 and core earnings were $664 million compared with $671 million for the same period in 2016. The $7 million decrease in core earnings was due to unfavourable claims experience in our group benefits long-term disability business, partially offset by higher earnings in our wealth and asset management and bank businesses.
Sales
Insurance sales were $458 million in 2Q17, an increase of $338 million compared with 2Q16, driven by a large-case sale in our group benefits business. Year-to-date sales were $757 million, $482 million higher than the prior year period.
·
Retail insurance sales in 2Q17 of $37 million decreased 21% compared with 2Q16, reflecting lower permanent life sales due to tax-exempt changes that took effect January 1, 2017.
·
Institutional Markets sales in 2Q17 of $421 million increased $348 million compared with 2Q16, reflecting a large-case group benefits sale in 2Q17.
Wealth and asset management gross flows in 2Q17 were $5.5 billion, an increase of $0.7 billion or 16%, compared with 2Q16, driven by the funding of a large institutional asset management mandate and continued growth in the retail business. We reported net flows in 2Q17 of $0.5 billion, down from $1.5 billion in 2Q16 due to lower retirement gross flows and increased redemptions in the retail and institutional asset management businesses. Year-to-date gross flows of $12.0 billion were $2.2 billion or 23% higher than 2016 and year-to-date net flows of $1.5 billion were $0.8 billion lower than the same period in 2016.
·
Retail gross flows of $2.5 billion in 2Q17 increased 8% compared with 2Q16, driven by continued success of our sales campaigns.
·
Retirement gross flows of $1.5 billion in 2Q17 decreased 17% compared with 2Q16, due to a large case sale included in 2016 results.
·
Institutional asset management gross flows were $1.4 billion, an increase of 167% compared with 2Q16, due to the sale of a large fixed income mandate.
Other Wealth sales were $730 million in 2Q17, a decrease of 11% compared with 2Q16, driven by actions to de-emphasize fixed product sales. Year-to-date Other Wealth sales were $1.6 billion, a 9% decrease compared with the same period in 2016.
·
Segregated fund product1  sales in 2Q17 were $596 million, in line with 2Q16.
·
Fixed product sales in 2Q17 were $134 million, a decrease of 37% compared with 2Q16, for the reason noted above.

Manulife Bank
net lending assets were $19.8 billion as at June 30, 2017, up $0.4 billion or 2% from December 31, 2016.
U.S. Division
Business highlights
In 2Q17, the U.S. Division delivered strong net flows with contributions from all 3 wealth and asset management ("WAM") business lines, leading to record WAM AUMA of US$278 billion. Life insurance sales increased from the prior year period, driven by continued momentum in term sales from an expanded distribution reach, the growing popularity of the Vitality feature and higher international sales in advance of pricing changes. During the quarter, we launched a Direct-to-Consumer level term product and introduced ExpressTrack, a new underwriting approach which leverages medical expertise along with data analytics to provide eligible clients with a decision in as few as 3 days.

Earnings
Expressed in U.S. dollars, the functional currency of the division, 2Q17 net income attributed to shareholders was US$575 million compared with US$316 million in 2Q16, core earnings were US$336 million in 2Q17 compared with US$280 million in 2Q16, and items excluded from core earnings were a net gain of US$239 million in 2Q17 compared with a net gain of US$36 million in 2Q16.
 
 


1
Segregated fund products include guarantees.  These products are also referred to as variable annuities.
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
6

The US$56 million increase in core earnings was primarily driven by improved long-term care policyholder experience, higher fee income from higher average assets and a favourable adjustment related to the timing of compensation expenses in our WAM businesses, and lower amortization of deferred acquisition costs on in-force variable annuity business. The improvement in policyholder experience was due to changes to long-term care claim assumptions made as part of the 2016 annual review of actuarial methods and assumptions.
Year-to-date net income attributed to shareholders was US$1,155 million compared with US$492 million for the same period in 2016 and included core earnings of US$725 million, a US$162 million increase from the same period in 2016. The drivers of the core earnings increase included improved long-term care and annuity policyholder experience, higher fee income from asset growth in the WAM businesses and lower amortization of deferred acquisition costs on in-force variable annuity business.
Sales
Wealth and asset management gross flows in 2Q17 were US$14.0 billion, an increase of US$1.3 billion or 10% compared with 2Q16, driven by higher retail flows from strong fund performance, solid new plan flows and consistent ongoing contributions in the small- and mid-case retirement market, and higher flows in institutional asset management of Liability-Driven Investment products and U.S. Core Value Equity mandates. Net flows were US$2.7 billion for the quarter, compared with net flows of US$0.6 billion in 2Q16. The increase was driven by the items listed in gross flows above partially offset by higher redemptions in the retirement business. Year-to-date gross flows of US$29.7 billion were US$3.2 billion or 12% higher than 2016 and year-to-date net flows of US$4.4 billion were US$3.1 billion higher than the same period in 2016.
·
Retail 2Q17 gross flows of US$7.1 billion increased 9% compared with 2Q16. The increase was driven by strong fund performance and higher institutional allocations. Net flows were positive US$1.6 billion compared with negative net flows of US$0.3 billion in 2Q16, reflecting positive momentum in gross flows and lower redemption rates.
·
Retirement 2Q17 gross flows of US$5.5 billion increased 5% compared with 2Q16. The increase was driven by solid new plan flows coupled with consistent ongoing contributions from both the small- and mid-case retirement markets. Net flows were US$26 million compared with net flows of US$397 million in 2Q16. The decrease was driven by higher group plan departures in the small-case market.
·
Institutional asset management 2Q17 gross flows of US$1.4 billion increased 45% compared with 2Q16, driven by an increase in sales of both public and private asset classes. Net flows were US$1.1 billion in 2Q17 compared with net flows of $0.6 billion in 2Q16. The increase was driven by a combination of higher sales and lower redemptions.
JH Life insurance sales in 2Q17 of US$123 million represented an increase of 26% compared with 2Q16, reflecting strong growth in international and term sales. International sales exceeded the prior year by 87% with continued success in the high net worth market and higher sales in advance of price increases. Term sales were more than double 2Q16 driven by competitive repricing, broadened distribution reach and the growing popularity of the Vitality feature. Year-to-date sales of US$236 million were US$33 million or 16% higher than the same period in 2016.
Corporate and Other
Earnings
Corporate and Other reported a net loss attributed to shareholders of $158 million in 2Q17 compared with a net loss attributed to shareholders of $90 million in 2Q16. The net loss attributed to shareholders was comprised of core loss and items excluded from core loss. The core loss of $28 million in 2Q17 compared with a core loss of $203 million in 2Q16 and the items excluded from core loss amounted to a net charge of $130 million in 2Q17 compared with a net gain of $113 million in 2Q16.
The $175 million improvement in core loss was largely due to $154 million of core investment gains compared to nil in 2Q16, lower expected macro hedging costs and higher realized gains on available-for-sale ("AFS") equities partially offset by higher interest expense due to debt issuances over the year and higher interest allocated on divisional capital.
On a year-to-date basis, the net loss attributed to shareholders was $351 million in 2017 compared with a net loss of $7 million for the same period of 2016. The year-to-date core loss was $169 million compared with $396 million in 2016. The favourable variance in core loss was attributable to the $200 million year-to-date reclassification of favourable investment-related experience to core earnings (2Q16 year-to-date was nil) and $129 million of lower expected macro hedging costs, partially offset by higher interest related costs.
 
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
7

 
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

This Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") is current as of August 9, 2017, unless otherwise noted. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with our unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and the MD&A and audited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in our 2016 Annual Report.
For further information relating to our risk management practices and risk factors affecting the Company, see "Risk Factors" in our 2016 Annual Information Form, "Risk Management", "Risk Factors" and "Critical Accounting and Actuarial Policies" in the MD&A in our 2016 Annual Report, and the "Risk Management" note to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our most recent annual and interim reports.
In this MD&A, the terms "Company", "Manulife", "we" and "our" mean Manulife Financial Corporation ("MFC") and its subsidiaries.
Contents      
         
A.
OVERVIEW
E.
RISK MANAGEMENT AND RISK FACTORS UPDATE
 
1. Earnings 1. 
Variable annuity and segregated fund guarantees
 
2.
Sales
2.
Caution related to sensitivities  
3.
Capital related items
3.
Publicly traded equity performance risk  
4. Other notable items 4.  Interest rate and spread risk  
5. Alternative long-duration asset ("ALDA") performance risk   
B.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
 
1.
Second quarter earnings analysis
F.
ACCOUNTING MATTERS AND CONTROLS
 
2.
Revenue
1.
Critical accounting and actuarial policies
 
3.
Premiums and deposits
2.
Sensitivity of policy liabilities to asset related assumptions
 
4.
Assets under management and administration
3.
Accounting and reporting changes
 
5.
Capital
4.
Quarterly financial information
 
6.
Impact of fair value accounting
5.
Other
 
7.
Impact of foreign currency exchange rates
 
 
 
 
 
G.
OTHER
 
C.
PERFORMANCE BY DIVISION
1.
Quarterly dividend
1.
Asia
2.
Outstanding shares - selected information
2.
Canadian
3.
Performance and Non-GAAP Measures
3.
U.S.
4.
Caution regarding forward-looking statements
4.
Corporate and Other
 
 
 
 
 
D.
PERFORMANCE BY BUSINESS LINE
 
 
1.
Additional information for Wealth and Asset Management
   
2.
Additional information by business line
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
8

 
A
OVERVIEW
A1
Earnings
In the second quarter of 2017 ("2Q17"), Manulife's net income attributed to shareholders was $1,255 million, fully diluted earnings per common share was $0.61 and return on common shareholders' equity ("ROE") was 12.4%, compared with $704 million, $0.34, and 7.1%, respectively, for the second quarter of 2016 ("2Q16").
Net income attributed to shareholders is comprised of core earnings1 (consisting of items we believe reflect the underlying earnings capacity of the business), which amounted to $1,174 million in 2Q17 compared with $833 million in 2Q16, and items excluded from core earnings, which netted to a gain of $81 million in 2Q17 compared with a charge of $129 million in 2Q16. Favourable investment-related experience in 2Q17 contributed $232 million to the increase in net income attributed to shareholders, of which $154 million also contributed to the $341 million increase in core earnings.
The $341 million increase in core earnings compared with 2Q16 was driven by $154 million of core investment gains in 2Q17 (compared with nil in 2Q16), strong new business and in-force growth in Asia, higher fee income in our wealth and asset management businesses and a reduction in equity hedging costs. Core earnings in 2Q17 included net policyholder experience charges of $57 million post-tax ($85 million pre-tax) compared with charges of $63 million post-tax ($106 million pre-tax) in 2Q16.
Total investment-related experience gains were $292 million in 2Q17, compared with $60 million in 2Q16, reflecting the favourable impact of fixed-income reinvestment activities on the measurement of our policy liabilities and strong credit experience. In 2Q16, the net investment-related experience gains of $60 million primarily related to strong credit experience and higher than expected returns on our alternative long-duration assets, partially offset by a number of smaller items. In accordance with our definition of core earnings, we included $154 million of investment-related experience gains in core earnings in 2Q17 and nil in 2Q16.
The $210 million improvement in items excluded from core earnings included $78 million from investment-related experience and $133 million from the direct impact of markets. The direct impact of interest rates and equity markets was a charge of $37 million in 2Q17 and was primarily due to narrowing corporate spreads and widening swap spreads, partially offset by gains due to a flattening yield curve and favourable equity markets. The 2Q16 charge of $170 million was primarily driven by falling interest rates and volatile equity markets.
Net income attributed to shareholders for the 6 months ended June 30, 2017 ("1H17") was $2,605 million compared with $1,749 million for the 6 months ended June 30, 2016 ("1H16"). Core earnings amounted to $2,275 million in 1H17 compared with $1,738 million in 1H16, and items excluded from core earnings netted to a gain of $330 million in 1H17 compared with a gain of $11 million in 1H16. The return to positive investment-related experience contributed $618 million of the $856 million increase in net income attributed to shareholders and also contributed $200 million of the $537 million increase in core earnings. The remaining increase in core earnings reflects similar factors as described above for 2Q17.
A2
Sales
Insurance sales1,2 were $1,364 million in 2Q17, an increase of 46% compared with 2Q16. In Asia, insurance sales increased 11% from 2Q16, driven by growth in Japan, Vietnam and mainland China, partially offset by lower sales in Hong Kong as sales to mainland Chinese visitors declined. In Canada, insurance sales were up considerably from 2Q16 due to a large-case group benefits sale. In the U.S., life insurance sales increased 26% from 2Q16, reflecting strong growth of international and term sales.
 
 
 
 
 


1
This item is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
2
Percentage growth (declines) in sales, gross flows and net flows are stated on a constant currency basis. Constant currency basis is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
9


Wealth and Asset Management ("WAM") net flows1,2 were $5.6 billion in 2Q173 compared with $4.8 billion in 2Q16. 2Q17 marked the 30th consecutive quarter of positive net flows in our WAM businesses. Net flows were generated across all three operating divisions and in each of our business lines: retirement, retail and institutional asset management. The increase compared with 2Q16 was primarily driven by continued sales momentum and lower redemption rates in U.S. retail and strong gross flows in Asia retirement, partially offset by lower net flows in the other business units.


Wealth and Asset Management ("WAM") gross flows1,2 were $30.9 billion in 2Q173 compared with $26.6 billion in 2Q16. In Asia, gross flows increased 17% from 2Q16, driven by strong retail sales in mainland China and Singapore, as well as continued momentum in the Hong Kong retirement market, partially offset by lower institutional flows compared with a strong prior year quarter. In Canada, gross flows increased 16% from 2Q16, driven by the funding of a large institutional asset management mandate, as well as the continued success of our retail investment business. In the U.S., gross flows increased 10%, driven by solid growth across all three business lines.

Other Wealth sales1,2 were $2.0 billion in 2Q17, a decrease of 3% compared with 2Q16. In 2Q17, Other Wealth sales in Asia were in line with 2Q16, with strong sales in Hong Kong, driven by a shift in business mix towards investment-linked products, partially offset by a decline in business from the bank channel in Japan. In Canada, sales declined 11% from 2Q16 due to actions to de-emphasize fixed product sales.
A3
Capital related items
The Minimum Continuing Capital and Surplus Requirements ("MCCSR") ratio for The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company ("MLI") was 230% as at June 30, 2017 compared with 233% as at March 31, 2017 and 230% as at December 31, 2016. The decrease from March 31, 2017 was primarily due to the redemption of $500 million of subordinated debt and an increase in required capital from movements in interest rates.
MFC's MCCSR ratio was 201% as at June 30, 2017 compared with 203% as at March 31, 2017. The difference between the MLI and MFC ratios as at June 30, 2017 was largely due to the $5.5 billion of MFC senior debt outstanding that does not qualify as available capital at the MFC level.
MFC's financial leverage ratio as at June 30, 2017 was 29.2%, a decrease of 0.9 percentage points from March 31, 2017, primarily due to the redemption of $500 million of subordinated debt and higher retained earnings. Our financial leverage ratio was in line with the December 31, 2016 ratio of 29.5% reflecting the factors noted above, partially offset by the issuance of US$750 million of subordinated debt in 1Q17.
A4
Other Notable items
In the third quarter of 2017, we will complete our annual review of actuarial methods and assumptions. While the review is not complete, preliminary indications suggest that the impact will not be substantial in either direction to post-tax earnings in the third quarter.4 Assumptions being reviewed this year include U.S. and Canadian Life mortality assumptions, lapse assumptions for Canadian retail insurance, policyholder behaviour assumptions for Canadian segregated fund guarantees and investment return assumptions used in the valuation of policy liabilities.
The Life Insurance Capital Adequacy Test ("LICAT") guideline, issued by The Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions ("OSFI"), will replace the MCCSR framework in 2018. Based on the impact assessment that OSFI completed earlier this year, OSFI has released a revised version of the guideline for public consultation and plans to publish a final version of the LICAT 2018 guideline in the fall.
IFRS 17 "Insurance Contracts" was issued in May 2017 and is effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2021, to be applied retrospectively. It will replace IFRS 4 "Insurance Contracts" and will change the fundamental principle underlying measurement and recognition of insurance contract liabilities. It will also change the presentation and disclosure of the Company's Financial Statements. The Company is assessing the impact of this standard and expects that it will have a significant impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.4



1
This item is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
2
Percentage growth (declines) in sales, gross flows and net flows are stated on a constant currency basis. Constant currency basis is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
3
Commencing in 1Q17, Manulife Asset Management's Institutional asset management net flows and gross flows are reported by the division corresponding to their geographic source.
4
See "Caution regarding forward-looking statements" below.


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
10



B
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
   
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
($ millions, unless otherwise stated, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
 
$
1,255
   
$
1,350
   
$
704
   
$
2,605
   
$
1,749
 
Preferred share dividends
   
(39
)
   
(41
)
   
(37
)
   
(80
)
   
(66
)
Common shareholders' net income
 
$
1,216
   
$
1,309
   
$
667
   
$
2,525
   
$
1,683
 
Core earnings(1)
 
$
1,174
   
$
1,101
   
$
833
   
$
2,275
   
$
1,738
 
Basic earnings per common share ($)
 
$
0.62
   
$
0.66
   
$
0.34
   
$
1.28
   
$
0.85
 
Diluted earnings per common share ($)
 
$
0.61
   
$
0.66
   
$
0.34
   
$
1.27
   
$
0.85
 
Diluted core earnings per common share ($)(1)
 
$
0.57
   
$
0.53
   
$
0.40
   
$
1.11
   
$
0.84
 
Return on common shareholders' equity ("ROE")
   
12.4
%
   
13.7
%
   
7.1
%
   
13.0
%
   
8.9
%
Core ROE(1)
   
11.5
%
   
11.1
%
   
8.4
%
   
11.3
%
   
8.9
%
 
Sales(1)
Insurance products
 
$
1,364
   
$
1,285
   
$
914
   
$
2,649
   
$
1,868
 
Wealth and Asset Management gross flows(1)
 
$
30,939
   
$
32,954
   
$
26,644
   
$
63,893
   
$
54,872
 
Wealth and Asset Management net flows(1)
 
$
5,588
   
$
4,290
   
$
4,822
   
$
9,878
   
$
6,498
 
Other Wealth products
 
$
1,956
   
$
2,081
   
$
2,000
   
$
4,037
   
$
4,384
 
Premiums and deposits(1)
Insurance products
 
$
8,595
   
$
8,471
   
$
8,422
   
$
17,066
   
$
16,608
 
Wealth and Asset Management products
 
$
30,939
   
$
32,954
   
$
26,644
   
$
63,893
   
$
54,872
 
Other Wealth products
 
$
1,605
   
$
1,673
   
$
1,712
   
$
3,278
   
$
3,153
 
Corporate and Other
 
$
22
   
$
21
   
$
21
   
$
43
   
$
43
 
Assets under management and administration ($ billions)(1)
 
$
1,012
   
$
1,005
   
$
934
   
$
1,012
   
$
934
 
Capital ($ billions)(1)
 
$
52.0
   
$
52.3
   
$
50.9
   
$
52.0
   
$
50.9
 
MLI's MCCSR ratio
   
230
%
   
233
%
   
236
%
   
230
%
   
236
%
(1)
This item is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
 
B1
Second quarter earnings analysis
The table below reconciles core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders.
   
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
 
($ millions, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
 
Core earnings(1)
                                       
 
Asia Division
 
$
405
   
$
408
   
$
342
   
$
813
   
$
713
 
 
Canadian Division
   
345
     
319
     
333
     
664
     
671
 
 
U.S. Division
   
452
     
515
     
361
     
967
     
750
 
 
Corporate and Other
Excluding expected cost of macro hedges and core investment gains
   
(168
)
   
(166
)
   
(125
)
   
(334
)
   
(232
)
 
Expected cost of macro hedges(2)
   
(14
)
   
(21
)
   
(78
)
   
(35
)
   
(164
)
 
Core investment gains(3)
   
154
     
46
     
-
     
200
     
-
 
 
Core earnings
 
 
1,174
     
1,101
     
833
   
 
2,275
     
1,738
 
 
Investment-related experience outside of core earnings(3)
   
138
     
-
     
60
     
138
     
(280
)
 
Core earnings and investment-related experience outside of core earnings
 
 
1,312
     
1,101
     
893
   
 
2,413
     
1,458
 
 
Direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities (see table below)(2),(3),(4)
   
(37
)
   
267
     
(170
)
   
230
     
304
 
 
Changes in actuarial methods and assumptions
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
12
 
 
Integration and acquisition costs
   
(20
)
   
(18
)
   
(19
)
   
(38
)
   
(33
)
 
Tax and other items
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
8
 
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
 
$
1,255
   
$
1,350
   
$
704
   
$
2,605
   
$
1,749
 
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
11

(1)
This item is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
(2)
Actual market performance differed from our valuation assumptions in 2Q17, which resulted in a macro hedge experience loss of $11 million. This loss is included in the direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities below.
(3)
As outlined under "Critical Accounting and Actuarial Policies" below, net insurance contract liabilities under International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") for Canadian insurers are determined using the Canadian Asset Liability Method ("CALM"). Under CALM, the measurement of policy liabilities includes estimates regarding future expected investment income on assets supporting the policies. Experience gains and losses are reported when current period activity differs from what was assumed in the policy liabilities at the beginning of the period. These gains and losses can relate to both the investment returns earned in the period, as well as to the change in our policy liabilities driven by the impact of current period investing activities on future expected investment income assumptions. The direct impact of equity markets and interest rates is separately reported. Our definition of core earnings (see "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures") includes up to $400 million of favourable investment-related experience reported in a single year.
(4)
The direct impact of equity markets and interest rates is relative to our policy liability valuation assumptions and includes changes to interest rate assumptions, including experience gains and losses on derivatives associated with our macro equity hedges. We also include gains and losses on derivative positions and the sale of available-for-sale ("AFS") bonds in the Corporate and Other segment. See table below for components of this item.
 
Components of the direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities in the table above:
   
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
 
($ millions, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
 
Direct impact of equity markets and variable annuity guarantee liabilities
 
$
55
   
$
222
   
$
(97
)
 
$
277
   
$
(247
)
 
Fixed income reinvestment rates assumed in the valuation of policy liabilities
   
(73
)
   
50
     
(113
)
   
(23
)
   
294
 
 
Sale of AFS bonds and derivative positions in the Corporate and Other segment
   
(19
)
   
(5
)
   
40
     
(24
)
   
257
 
 
Direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities
 
$
(37
)
 
$
267
   
$
(170
)
 
$
230
   
$
304
 

B2
Revenue
   
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
($ millions, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
Net premium income
 
$
6,974
   
$
7,050
   
$
6,706
   
$
14,024
   
$
13,434
 
Investment income
   
3,444
     
3,317
     
3,213
     
6,761
     
6,513
 
Other revenue
   
2,872
     
2,593
     
2,794
     
5,465
     
5,623
 
 
Revenue before items noted below
   
13,290
     
12,960
     
12,713
     
26,250
     
25,570
 
 
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on assets supporting insurance and investment contract liabilities and on the macro hedging program
   
3,303
     
590
     
7,922
     
3,893
     
16,784
 
 
Total revenue
 
$
16,593
   
$
13,550
   
$
20,635
   
$
30,143
   
$
42,354
 
Total revenue in 2Q17 was $16.6 billion compared with $20.6 billion in 2Q16. The amount of revenue reported in any fiscal period can be significantly affected by fair value accounting, which can materially impact the reported realized and unrealized gains or losses on assets supporting insurance and investment contract liabilities and on the macro hedging program, a component of revenue (see section B6 "Impact of fair value accounting" below). Accordingly, we discuss specific divisional drivers of revenue before realized and unrealized gains (losses) in section C "Performance by Division". 2Q17 revenue before realized and unrealized gains (losses) on assets increased $0.6 billion compared with 2Q16, primarily due to business growth and the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on assets supporting insurance and investment contract liabilities and on the macro hedging program declined $4.6 billion to a gain of $3.3 billion in 2Q17 compared with a gain of $7.9 billion in 2Q16. While interest rates declined in both 2Q17 and 2Q16, rates declined more in 2Q16, and hence the impact on the increase in the fair value of fixed income investments was larger in 2Q16.
On a year-to-date basis, revenue before net realized and unrealized gains (losses) increased $0.7 billion for the same reasons noted above. Net realized and unrealized gains on assets supporting insurance and investment contract liabilities and on the macro hedging program were a gain of $3.9 billion for 1H17 compared with a gain of $16.8 billion in 1H16. The impact of lower North American risk free interest rates partially offset by higher North American swap rates primarily accounted for the gain in 1H17, whereas the gain in 1H16 resulted from the impact of lower U.S. risk free interest rates and lower North American swap rates.
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
12


 
B3
Premiums and deposits1
Premiums and deposits is an additional measure of our top line growth. It includes all new policyholder cash flows and, unlike total revenue, is not impacted by the volatility created by fair value accounting.
Premiums and deposits for insurance products were $8.6 billion in 2Q17, in line with 2Q16.2 Asia reported a 12% increase driven by strong growth in insurance sales and higher recurring premiums from a growing in-force business. In the U.S., insurance premiums and deposits increased 6% primarily driven by higher excess premiums on international universal life products. Canada reported a decline in premiums and deposits of 13% compared with 2Q16 as the prior year period included a large one-time group benefits' client deposit. Year-to-date premiums and deposits were $17.1 billion in 2017, an increase compared with $16.6 billion in the same period of 2016.
Deposits for WAM products were $30.9 billion in 2Q17, an increase of $4.3 billion, or 13%, compared with 2Q16. Please refer to WAM gross flows in section A2 above. Year-to-date premiums and deposits were $63.9 billion in 2017, an increase compared with $54.9 billion in the same period of 2016.
Premiums and deposits for Other Wealth products were $1.6 billion in 2Q17, a decrease of $0.1 billion, or 9%, compared with 2Q16. The decrease was primarily driven by lower fixed product premiums in Canada due to actions to de-emphasize those products. Year-to-date premiums and deposits were $3.3 billion in 2017, an increase compared with $3.2 billion in the same period of 2016.
B4
Assets under management and administration1,2
Assets under management and administration ("AUMA") as at June 30, 2017 were $1,012 billion, an increase of $35 billion, or 6% on a constant currency basis, compared with December 31, 2016. The primary driver of the increase was favourable investment returns and continued positive net flows.
B5
Capital1
MFC's total capital as at June 30, 2017 was $52.0 billion, an increase of $1.1 billion from June 30, 2016 and an increase of $1.8 billion from December 31, 2016. The increase from December 31, 2016 was primarily driven by net income attributed to shareholders over the last 6 months, net capital issuances and an increase in the value of available-for-sale securities partially offset by dividend payments and a strengthening of the Canadian dollar. As noted in section A3 above, MLI's MCCSR ratio was 230% as at June 30, 2017.
B6
Impact of fair value accounting
Fair value accounting policies affect the measurement of both our assets and our liabilities. The impact on the measurement of both assets and liabilities of investment activities and market movements are reported as experience gains (losses) on investments and the direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantees, each of which impacts net income attributed to shareholders (see section A1 "Earnings" above for discussion of 2Q17 experience).
Net realized and unrealized gains reported in investment income were $3.3 billion for 2Q17 (2Q16 – $7.9 billion) and $3.9 billion for 1H17 (1H16 – $16.8 billion) as noted in section B2 "Revenue".
As outlined in the "Critical Accounting and Actuarial Policies" in the MD&A in our 2016 Annual Report, net insurance contract liabilities under IFRS are determined using CALM, as required by the Canadian Institute of Actuaries ("CIA"). The measurement of policy liabilities includes the estimated value of future policyholder benefits and settlement obligations to be paid over the term remaining on in-force policies, including the costs of servicing the policies, reduced by the future expected policy revenues and future expected investment income on assets supporting the policies. Investment returns are projected using current asset portfolios and projected reinvestment strategies. Experience gains and losses are reported when current period activity differs from what was assumed in the policy liabilities at the beginning of the period. We classify gains and losses by assumption type. For example, current period investing activities that increase (decrease) the future expected investment income on assets supporting policies will result in an investment-related experience gain (loss).
 
 

1
This item is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
2
Percentage growth (declines) in sales, gross flows, premiums and deposits and assets under management and administration are stated on a constant currency basis. Constant currency basis is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
 

Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
13


 
B7
Impact of foreign currency exchange rates
Changes in foreign currency exchange rates increased core earnings by $32 million in 2Q17 compared with 2Q16 primarily due to a weaker Canadian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar. The impact on core earnings was nil for year-to-date 2017 compared with year-to-date 2016. The impact on items excluded from core earnings does not provide relevant information given the nature of these items.
C PERFORMANCE BY DIVISION
C1
Asia Division
($ millions, unless otherwise stated)
Quarterly Results
 
YTD Results
 
Canadian dollars
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
 
$
555
   
$
587
   
$
28
   
$
1,142
   
$
149
 
Core earnings(1)
   
405
     
408
     
342
     
813
     
713
 
Sales
                                       
  Annual premium equivalent ("APE") sales
   
923
     
1,020
     
808
     
1,943
     
1,618
 
  Wealth and asset management gross flows
   
6,671
     
5,514
     
5,606
     
12,185
     
9,681
 
Revenue
   
5,645
     
5,334
     
5,485
     
10,979
     
11,851
 
Revenue before realized and unrealized investment income gains and losses(2)
   
4,875
     
4,853
     
4,557
     
9,728
     
9,359
 
Premiums and deposits(3)
   
11,380
     
10,191
     
9,815
     
21,571
     
18,515
 
Assets under management ($ billions)(3)
   
152.9
     
149.4
     
132.0
     
152.9
     
132.0
 
 
U.S. dollars
                                       
Net income attributed to shareholders
US$ 413
 
US$ 443
 
US$ 22
 
US$ 856
 
US$ 110
 
Core earnings(1)
   
301
     
308
     
266
     
609
     
536
 
Sales
                                       
  Annual premium equivalent ("APE") sales
   
686
     
771
     
627
     
1,457
     
1,217
 
  Wealth and asset management gross flows
   
4,959
     
4,167
     
4,349
     
9,126
     
7,318
 
Revenue
   
4,200
     
4,029
     
4,255
     
8,229
     
8,893
 
Revenue before realized and unrealized investment income gains and losses(2)
   
3,627
     
3,666
     
3,533
     
7,293
     
7,032
 
Premiums and deposits(3)
   
8,461
     
7,700
     
7,615
     
16,161
     
13,954
 
Assets under management ($ billions)(3)
   
117.9
     
112.1
     
101.4
     
117.9
     
101.4
 
(1)
See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" for a reconciliation between IFRS net income attributed to shareholders and core earnings.
(2)
See section B6 "Impact of fair value accounting".
(3)
Effective January 1, 2017, the operations of Investment Division's external asset management businesses (MAM) are being reflected in the respective Divisional results. Previously, they were reported in the Corporate and Other segment. The 2016 premiums and deposits and assets under management have been restated to reflect the inclusion of MAM in the Division's results. As a result of internal transfer pricing in 2016, the 2016 reporting of MAM earnings were not material and remain in Corporate and Other.

Asia Division's net income attributed to shareholders
was $555 million in 2Q17 compared with $28 million in 2Q16. Net income attributed to shareholders is comprised of core earnings, which was $405 million in 2Q17 compared with $342 million in 2Q16, and items excluded from core earnings, which amounted to a net gain of $150 million in 2Q17 compared with a net charge of $314 million in 2Q16. The changes in net income attributed to shareholders and core earnings expressed in Canadian dollars are due to the factors described below and, in addition, core earnings reflected a net $13 million favourable impact due to changes in foreign currency rates versus the Canadian dollar.
Expressed in U.S. dollars, the presentation currency of the division, net income attributed to shareholders was US$413 million in 2Q17 compared with US$22 million for 2Q16 and core earnings were US$301 million in 2Q17 compared with US$266 million in 2Q16. Items excluded from core earnings were a net gain of US$112 million in 2Q17 compared with a net charge of US$244 million in 2Q16.
Core earnings in 2Q17 increased 18% compared with 2Q16 after adjusting for costs arising from the expansion of our dynamic hedging program (there is a corresponding decrease in macro hedging costs in the Corporate and Other segment) and the impact of changes in foreign currency rates. The increase in core earnings was driven by growth in new business volumes, continued growth of in-force business and more favourable product mix, partially offset by a small charge related to policyholder experience in 2Q17 compared with a small gain in the prior year period.
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
14


 
The US$356 million favourable change in items excluded from core earnings primarily related to gains from the direct impact of markets and investment-related experience compared with a net charge in 2Q16.
Year-to-date net income attributed to shareholders was US$856 million in 2017 compared with US$110 million in the same period of 2016. Year-to-date core earnings increased by 18% compared with the same period in 2016 after adjusting for the increased dynamic hedging costs and the impact of changes in foreign currency rates. The increase reflects similar factors as described above for 2Q17, partially offset by the non-recurrence of gains of US$16 million related to two separate reinsurance treaties in 1Q16.
Annual premium equivalent ("APE") sales1 in 2Q17 were US$686 million, 12%2 higher than 2Q16, driven by strong insurance sales in Japan, Vietnam and mainland China, and continued growth in Singapore. Contributing to this increase were insurance sales of US$551 million and other wealth APE sales of US$135 million, up 11% and 19%, respectively, from 2Q16. Year-to-date APE sales of $1.5 billion were 21% higher than the same period in 2016. Wealth and asset management gross flows of US$5.0 billion in 2Q17 were US$0.6 billion or 17% higher than 2Q16, mainly driven by higher retail flows in Asia Other and an increase in retirement flows in Hong Kong partially offset by lower institutional asset management flows compared with a strong prior year quarter. Year-to-date gross flows of US$9.1 billion were 28% higher than the same period of 2016.
Revenue of US$4.2 billion in 2Q17 decreased 1% compared with 2Q16. Excluding realized and unrealized gains (losses) on assets supporting insurance and investment contract liabilities, revenue was US$3.6 billion, an increase of 3% compared with 2Q16 driven by stable recurring premium growth from in-force business and strong growth in new recurring premiums over the past twelve months, partially offset by a decline in single premium sales in Japan. Year-to-date revenue was US$8.2 billion in 2017 compared with US$8.9 billion in the same period of 2016.
Premiums and deposits of US$8.5 billion in 2Q17 increased 14% compared with 2Q16. Premiums and deposits for insurance products were US$2.6 billion, an increase of 12%, driven by strong growth in insurance sales and higher recurring premiums from the in-force business. WAM deposits of US$5.0 billion in 2Q17 increased 17% compared with 2Q16 for the reasons noted above in WAM gross flows. Other Wealth premiums and deposits of US$0.9 billion in 2Q17 increased 5% compared with 2Q16, as higher sales from new product launches and enhancements were partially offset by the non-recurrence of strong sales in 2Q16 arising from product launches in Japan. Year-to-date premiums and deposits were US$16.2 billion in 2017, an increase of 18% compared with the same period of 2016.
Assets under management were US$117.9 billion as at June 30, 2017, an increase of 10% from December 31, 2016, driven by positive customer net flows of US$5.8 billion and investment income in the past six months.
C2
Canadian Division
   
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
($ millions, unless otherwise stated)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
 
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
 
$
84
   
$
188
   
$
359
   
$
272
   
$
959
 
 
Core earnings(1)
   
345
     
319
     
333
     
664
     
671
 
 
Sales:
  Insurance sales
   
458
     
299
     
120
     
757
     
275
 
 
  Wealth and asset management gross flows
   
5,473
     
6,558
     
4,731
     
12,031
     
9,803
 
 
  Other wealth sales
   
730
     
864
     
816
     
1,594
     
1,760
 
 
Revenue
   
3,619
     
3,346
     
5,354
     
6,965
     
10,140
 
 
Revenue before realized and unrealized investment income gains and losses(2)
   
3,138
     
3,012
     
3,146
     
6,150
     
6,136
 
 
Premiums and deposits(3)
   
8,581
     
9,732
     
8,507
     
18,313
     
16,838
 
 
Assets under management ($ billions)(3)
   
271.7
     
269.9
     
255.7
     
271.7
     
255.7
 
(1)
See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below for a reconciliation between IFRS net income attributed to shareholders and core earnings.
(2)
See section B6 "Impact of fair value accounting".
(3)
Effective January 1, 2017, the operations of Investment Division's external asset management businesses (MAM) are being reported in the respective Divisional results. Previously, they were reported in the Corporate and Other segment. The 2016 premiums and deposits and assets under management have been restated to reflect the inclusion of MAM in the Division's results. As a result of internal transfer pricing in 2016, the 2016 reporting of MAM earnings were not material and remain in Corporate and Other.
 

1
This item is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
2
Percentage growth (declines) in Annual premium equivalent ("APE") sales, gross flows, premiums and deposits and assets under management and administration are stated on a constant currency basis. Constant currency basis is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
15


 
Canadian Division's 2Q17 net income attributed to shareholders was $84 million compared with $359 million in 2Q16. Net income attributed to shareholders is comprised of core earnings, which was $345 million in 2Q17 compared with $333 million in 2Q16, and items excluded from core earnings, which were a net charge of $261 million in 2Q17 compared with a net gain of $26 million in 2Q16.
Core earnings increased $12 million or 4% compared with 2Q16, reflecting higher fee income in our wealth and asset management businesses from higher average asset levels and increased earnings in the bank, partially offset by a number of smaller items.
The $287 million unfavourable change in items excluded from core earnings was primarily due to a net charge from the direct impact of markets in 2Q17 of $238 million compared with a net gain in 2Q16 of $130 million, partially offset by a lower net charge from investment-related experience in 2Q17 compared with 2Q16.
Year-to-date net income attributed to shareholders was $272 million in 2017 compared with $959 million in the same period of 2016. Year-to-date core earnings of $664 million in 2017 were $7 million lower than the first half of 2016, primarily due to unfavourable claims experience in our group benefits long-term disability business, partially offset by higher earnings in our wealth and asset management and bank businesses.
Insurance sales were $458 million in 2Q17, an increase of $338 million compared with 2Q16, driven by a large-case sale in our group benefits business. Year-to-date insurance sales were $757 million, $482 million higher than the prior year period. Wealth and asset management gross flows in 2Q17 were $5.5 billion, an increase of $0.7 billion or 16%, compared with 2Q16, driven by the funding of a large institutional asset management mandate and continued growth in the retail business. Year-to-date gross flows of $12.0 billion were $2.2 billion or 23% higher than the same period in 2016. Other Wealth sales were $730 million in 2Q17, a decrease of 11% compared with 2Q16, driven by actions to de-emphasize fixed product sales. Year-to-date Other Wealth sales were $1.6 billion, a 9% decrease compared with the same period of 2016.
Revenue in 2Q17 was $3.6 billion compared with $5.4 billion in 2Q16 driven by the impact of fair value accounting. Total revenue before realized and unrealized gains on assets supporting insurance and investment contract liabilities was $3.1 billion in 2Q17, in line with 2Q16. Year-to-date revenue was $7.0 billion in 2017, a decrease compared with $10.1 billion in the same period of 2016.
Premiums and deposits in 2Q17 were $8.6 billion, in line with 2Q16 levels, primarily due to growth in our WAM businesses offset by lower insurance premiums and deposits. WAM premiums and deposits were $5.5 billion, an increase of $0.7 billion, or 16%, compared with 2Q16 for the reasons noted above in WAM gross flows. Insurance premiums and deposits were $3.0 billion, a reduction of $0.4 billion or 13% compared with 2Q16 as the prior year period included a large one-time group benefits client deposit. Year-to-date premiums and deposits were $18.3 billion in 2017, an increase compared with $16.8 billion in the same period of 2016.
Assets under management were $271.7 billion as at June 30, 2017, an increase of $8.4 billion from December 31, 2016, primarily driven by growth in our WAM businesses.

 
 

 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
16


 

C3
U.S. Division
($ millions, unless otherwise stated)
Quarterly Results
 
YTD Results
 
Canadian dollars
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
 
$
774
   
$
768
   
$
407
   
$
1,542
   
$
648
 
 
Core earnings(1)
   
452
     
515
     
361
     
967
     
750
 
Sales (2):
                                       
JH Life Insurance sales
   
165
     
150
     
126
     
315
     
271
 
Wealth and asset management gross flows
   
18,795
     
20,882
     
16,307
     
39,677
     
35,388
 
Revenue
   
7,466
     
5,023
     
9,589
     
12,489
     
19,579
 
 
Revenue before realized and unrealized investment income gains and losses(3)
   
5,332
     
5,202
     
4,785
     
10,534
     
9,184
 
 
Premiums and deposits(4)
   
21,177
     
23,176
     
18,457
     
44,353
     
39,280
 
 
Assets under management and administration ($ billions)(4)
   
591.4
     
589.6
     
553.6
     
591.4
     
553.6
 
 
U.S. dollars
                                       
Net income attributed to shareholders
US$   575   US$   580  
US$
316  
US$  
1,155  
US$  
492  
 
Core earnings(1)
   
336
     
389
     
280
     
725
     
563
 
Sales(2):
                                       
JH Life Insurance sales
   
123
     
113
     
98
     
236
     
203
 
Wealth and asset management gross flows
   
13,974
     
15,774
     
12,652
     
29,748
     
26,555
 
Revenue
   
5,550
     
3,794
     
7,440
     
9,344
     
14,719
 
Revenue before realized and unrealized investment income gains and losses(3)
   
3,963
     
3,929
     
3,714
     
7,892
     
6,919
 
 
Premiums and deposits(4)
   
15,746
     
17,507
     
14,316
     
33,253
     
29,491
 
Assets under management and administration ($ billions)(4)
   
455.7
     
442.5
     
425.5
     
455.7
     
425.5
 
(1)
See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below for a reconciliation between IFRS net income attributed to shareholders and core earnings.
(2)
Does not include sales of stand-alone retail individual long-term care products of US$9 million in 2Q16 and US$26 million in 1H16. Sales of this product were discontinued in 4Q16.
(3)
See section B6 "Impact of fair value accounting".
(4)
Effective January 1, 2017, the operations of Investment Division's external asset management businesses (MAM) are being reported in the respective Divisional results. Previously, they were reported in the Corporate and Other segment. The 2016 premiums and deposits and assets under management have been restated to reflect the inclusion of MAM in the Division's results. As a result of internal transfer pricing in 2016, the 2016 reporting of MAM earnings were not material and remain in Corporate and Other.
U.S. Division's 2Q17 net income attributed to shareholders was $774 million compared with $407 million in 2Q16. Net income attributed to shareholders is comprised of core earnings, which amounted to $452 million in 2Q17 compared with $361 million in 2Q16, and items excluded from core earnings, which amounted to a net gain of $322 million in 2Q17 compared with a net gain of $46 million in 2Q16. The changes in net income attributed to shareholders and core earnings expressed in Canadian dollars are due to the factors described below and, in addition, the change in core earnings reflected a net $19 million favourable currency impact from the strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared with the Canadian dollar.
Expressed in U.S. dollars, the functional currency of the division, 2Q17 net income attributed to shareholders was US$575 million compared with US$316 million in 2Q16, core earnings were US$336 million in 2Q17 compared with US$280 million in 2Q16, and items excluded from core earnings were a net gain of US$239 million in 2Q17 compared with a net gain of US$36 million in 2Q16.
The US$56 million increase in core earnings was primarily driven by improved long-term care policyholder experience, higher fee income from higher average assets and a favourable adjustment related to the timing of compensation expenses in our WAM businesses, and lower amortization of deferred acquisition costs on in-force variable annuity business. The improvement in policyholder experience was due to changes to long-term care claim assumptions made as part of the 2016 annual review of actuarial methods and assumptions.
The US$203 million favourable change in items excluded from core earnings primarily related to gains from the direct impact of markets in 2Q17 compared with losses in 2Q16 as well as more favourable investment-related experience.
Year-to-date net income attributed to shareholders was US$1,155 million in 2017 compared with US$492 million in the same period of 2016 and included core earnings of US$725 million in 2017, a US$162 million increase from the same period in
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
17



2016. The drivers of the core earnings increase included improved long-term care and annuity policyholder experience, higher fee income from asset growth in the WAM businesses and lower amortization of deferred acquisition costs on in-force variable annuity business. On a Canadian dollar basis, year-to-date core earnings increased by $217 million to $967 million due to the factors noted above.
JH Life insurance sales in 2Q17 of US$123 million represented an increase of 26% compared with 2Q16, reflecting strong growth in international and term sales. International sales exceeded the prior year by 87% with continued success in the high net worth market and higher sales in advance of price increases. Term sales were more than double 2Q16 driven by competitive repricing, broadened distribution reach and the growing popularity of the Vitality feature. Year-to-date sales of US$236 million were US$33 million or 16% higher than the same period in 2016. Wealth and asset management gross flows in 2Q17 were US$14.0 billion, an increase of US$1.3 billion or 10% compared with 2Q16, driven by higher retail flows from strong fund performance, solid new plan flows and consistent ongoing contributions in the small- and mid-case retirement market, and higher flows in institutional asset management of Liability-Driven Investment products and US Core Value Equity mandates. Year-to-date gross flows of US$29.7 billion were US$3.2 billion or 12% higher than in the same period of 2016.
Revenue in 2Q17 was US$5.6 billion, a decrease compared with US$7.4 billion in 2Q16. Revenue before net realized and unrealized gains on assets supporting insurance and investment contract liabilities was US$4.0 billion, an increase of 7% over 2Q16. This increase was driven by higher insurance sales and wealth and asset management fee income. Year-to-date revenue was US$9.3 billion in 2017, a decrease compared with US$14.7 billion in the same period of 2016.
Premiums and deposits for 2Q17 were US$15.7 billion, an increase of 10% compared with 2Q16. Premiums and deposits for insurance products were US$1.6 billion, an increase of 6% compared with 2Q16 driven by higher excess premiums on international universal life products and increased long-term care premiums due to the impact of premium rate increases. WAM deposits of US$14.0 billion increased by 10% from 2Q16 for the reasons noted above in WAM gross flows. Year-to-date premiums and deposits were US$33.3 billion in 2017, an increase compared with US$29.5 billion in the same period of 2016.
Assets under management and administration as at June 30, 2017 were US$455.7 billion, up 6% from December 31, 2016. The increase was primarily related to growth in our wealth and asset management assets, driven by investment income, the impact of favourable equity markets and positive net flows, partially offset by the continued runoff of our Annuities business.
C4
Corporate and Other
 
 
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
($ millions, unless otherwise stated)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
 
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
 
$
(158
)
 
$
(193
)
 
$
(90
)
 
$
(351
)
 
$
(7
)
 
Core loss excluding expected cost of macro hedges and core
   investment gains(1)
   
$
(168
)
 
$
(166
)
 
$
(125
)
   
$
(334
)
 
$
(232
)
 
Expected cost of macro hedges
   
(14
)
   
(21
)
   
(78
)
   
(35
)
   
(164
)
 
Core investment gains
   
154
     
46
     
-
     
200
     
-
 
 
Total core gain (loss)
 
$
(28
)
 
$
(141
)
 
$
(203
)
 
$
(169
)
 
$
(396
)
 
Revenue
 
$
(137
)
 
$
(153
)
 
$
207
   
$
(290
)
 
$
784
 
 
Premiums and deposits(2)
   
22
     
21
     
21
     
43
     
43
 
Assets under management ($ billions) (2)
   
(4.1
)
   
(4.1
)
   
(7.0
)
   
(4.1
)
   
(7.0
)
(1)
See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" for a reconciliation between IFRS net income attributed to shareholders and core earnings.
(2)
Effective January 1, 2017, the operations of Investment Division's external asset management businesses (MAM) are being reported in the respective Divisional results. Previously, they were reported in the Corporate and Other segment. The 2016 premiums and deposits and assets under management have been restated to reflect the inclusion of MAM in the Division's results. As a result of internal transfer pricing in 2016, the 2016 reporting of MAM earnings were not material and remain in Corporate and Other.

Corporate and Other is composed of:
Investment performance on assets backing capital, net of amounts allocated to operating divisions and financing costs; Property and Casualty ("P&C") Reinsurance business; as well as run-off reinsurance operations including variable annuities and accident and health.
For segment reporting purposes, the impact of updates to actuarial assumptions, settlement costs for macro equity hedges and other non-operating items are included in this segment's earnings. This segment is also where we reclassify favorable
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
18



investment-related experience to core earnings from items excluded from core earnings, subject to certain limits (see "Performance and Non-GAAP measures" below).
Corporate and Other reported a net loss attributed to shareholders of $158 million in 2Q17 compared with a net loss attributed to shareholders of $90 million in 2Q16. The net loss attributed to shareholders is comprised of core loss and items excluded from core loss. The core loss of $28 million in 2Q17 compared with a core loss of $203 million in 2Q16 and the items excluded from core loss amounted to a net charge of $130 million in 2Q17 compared with a net gain of $113 million in 2Q16.
The $175 million improvement in core loss was largely due to $154 million of core investment gains compared to nil in 2Q16, lower expected macro hedging costs and higher realized gains on AFS equities partially offset by higher interest expense due to debt issuances over the year and higher interest allocated on divisional capital.
As noted above, items excluded from core loss includes the reclassification of favourable investment-related experience to core earnings. This reclassification accounted for $154 million of the $243 million variance. The remaining $89 million primarily relates to the direct impact of markets.
On a year-to-date basis the net loss attributed to shareholders was $351 million in 2017 compared with a net loss attributed to shareholders of $7 million in the same period of 2016. The year-to-date core loss was $169 million compared with $396 million in 2016. The favourable variance in core loss was attributable to the $200 million year-to-date reclassification of favourable investment-related experience to core earnings (2Q16 year-to-date was nil) and $129 million of lower expected macro hedging costs, partially offset by higher interest-related costs. Items excluded from core loss were a net charge of $182 million in 2017 compared with a net gain of $389 million in 2016.
Revenue in 2Q17 was a loss of $137 million compared with income of $207 million in 2Q16 and year-to-date revenue was a loss of $290 million in 2017 compared with income of $784 million in 2016. These variances were primarily driven by the change in gains (losses) realized on the sale of AFS bonds and the non-recurrence of MAM revenue as it is reported in the Divisional results effective January 1, 2017.
Premiums for the P&C reinsurance business in 2Q17 were $22 million, consistent with premiums in 2Q16. Year-to-date premiums were $43 million in 2017, in line with the same period of 2016.
D
PERFORMANCE BY BUSINESS LINE
D1
Additional information for Wealth and Asset Management
We provide additional financial information by line of business, to supplement our existing primary disclosure based on geographic segmentation. This information is intended to facilitate assessment of the financial performance of our WAM businesses and allows for relevant comparisons to be made with global asset management peers. The supplemental information for WAM businesses includes an income statement, core earnings, core earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("core EBITDA"), core EBITDA margin, net flows, gross flows and assets under management and administration ("AUMA")1. Core EBITDA excludes certain acquisition expenses related to our retirement businesses that are deferred and amortized over the expected life time of the customer relationship. These contracts are accounted for as insurance contracts under the Canadian Asset Liability Method ("CALM"). Core EBITDA was selected as a key performance indicator for WAM businesses, as EBITDA is widely used among asset management peers, and core earnings is a primary profitability metric for the Company overall.



1
Core earnings, core EBITDA, core EBITDA margin, net flows, gross flows, assets under management and assets under management and administration are non-GAAP measures. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
19


 

Wealth and Asset Management highlights

   
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
($ millions, unless otherwise stated)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
Core earnings
 
$
207
   
$
182
   
$
152
   
$
389
   
$
292
 
Core EBITDA
   
369
     
335
     
288
     
704
     
573
 
Core EBITDA Margin
   
28.4
%
   
26.8
%
   
24.1
%
   
27.6
%
   
23.9
%
Net flows
   
5,588
     
4,290
     
4,822
     
9,878
     
6,498
 
Gross flows
   
30,939
     
32,954
     
26,644
     
63,893
     
54,872
 
Assets under management ("AUM") ($ billions)
   
487
     
480
     
428
     
487
     
428
 
Assets under management and administration ("AUMA") ($ billions)
   
572
     
565
     
503
     
572
     
503
 

In 2Q17, we continued to generate positive net flows (see section A2 for further details). AUMA as of June 30, 2017 was $572 billion, an increase of 7% from December 31, 2016, driven by favourable investment returns as well as positive net flows across our three operating divisions and in each of our business lines. We recorded core earnings of $207 million in 2Q17 compared with $152 million in 2Q16 and core EBITDA of $369 million in 2Q17 compared with $288 million in 2Q16. The increase in core earnings and core EBITDA primarily reflects higher fee income on higher asset levels. In addition, core earnings and core EBITDA were favourably impacted by a 2Q17 expense adjustment of $22 million pre-tax ($14 million post-tax) related to the timing of compensation expenses. Our core EBITDA margin increased to 28.4%, up 4.3 percentage points from 2Q16 and 1.6 percentage points from 1Q17, driven by these same factors.
Year-to-date core earnings were $389 million in 2017 compared with $292 million in the same period of 2016 and core EBITDA was $704 million in 2017 compared with $573 million in the same period of 2016. Our core EBITDA margin increased to 27.6% in 2017, up 3.7 percentage points from 2016. The increase in core earnings, core EBITDA and core EBITDA margin is due to the same factors as for the quarterly results.
D2
Additional information by business line
The following tables provide additional information on our core earnings by WAM, Insurance and Other Wealth for each of the divisions. Other Wealth consists of variable and fixed annuities, single premium products sold in Asia, and Manulife Bank in Canada and Insurance includes all individual and group insurance businesses.
Core earnings by line of business

   
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
($ millions)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
Wealth and Asset Management
 
$
207
   
$
182
   
$
152
   
$
389
   
$
292
 
Insurance
   
647
     
691
     
557
     
1,338
     
1,161
 
Other Wealth
   
348
     
369
     
328
     
717
     
681
 
Corporate and Other(1)
   
(28
)
   
(141
)
   
(204
)
   
(169
)
   
(396
)
Total core earnings
 
$
1,174
   
$
1,101
   
$
833
   
$
2,275
   
$
1,738
 


 
(1)
2016 core earnings for Corporate and Other exclude Manulife Asset Management results that are included in WAM. Effective January 1, 2017, MAM is no longer reported in the Corporate and Other segment. (See section C "Performance By Division" above.)
 

Assets under management and administration by line of business

As at
 
June 30,
   
March 31,
   
June 30,
 
($ billions)
 
2017
   
2017
   
2016
 
Wealth and Asset Management
 
$
572.5
   
$
564.5
   
$
502.9
 
Insurance
   
271.2
     
269.5
     
257.5
 
Other Wealth
   
172.3
     
174.9
     
180.8
 
Corporate and Other
   
(4.1
)
   
(4.1
)
   
(7.0
)
Total assets under management and administration
 
$
1,011.9
   
$
1,004.8
   
$
934.2
 

 

 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
20


 

The following table shows the core earnings of the WAM, Insurance and Other Wealth business lines by division.
Core earnings by line of business by division

   
Quarterly Results
   
YTD Results
 
($ millions)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
     
2017
     
2016
 
Wealth and Asset Management
                                       
Asia
 
$
55
   
$
51
   
$
37
   
$
106
   
$
75
 
Canada
   
59
     
57
     
46
     
116
     
85
 
U.S.
   
93
     
74
     
68
     
167
     
132
 
Corporate and Other
   
-
     
-
     
1
     
-
     
-
 
Total Wealth and Asset Management
   
207
     
182
     
152
     
389
     
292
 
Insurance
                                       
Asia
   
260
     
262
     
232
     
522
     
481
 
Canada
   
162
     
134
     
174
     
296
     
346
 
U.S.
   
225
     
295
     
151
     
520
     
334
 
Total Insurance
   
647
     
691
     
557
     
1,338
     
1,161
 
Other Wealth
                                       
Asia
   
90
     
95
     
73
     
185
     
157
 
Canada
                                       
Manulife Bank
   
32
     
36
     
25
     
68
     
55
 
Canada excluding Manulife Bank
   
92
     
92
     
88
     
184
     
185
 
Total Canada
   
124
     
128
     
113
     
252
     
240
 
U.S.
   
134
     
146
     
142
     
280
     
284
 
Total Other Wealth
   
348
     
369
     
328
     
717
     
681
 
Corporate and Other
   
(28
)
   
(141
)
   
(204
)
   
(169
)
   
(396
)
Total core earnings
 
$
1,174
   
$
1,101
   
$
833
   
$
2,275
   
$
1,738
 

 
E
RISK MANAGEMENT AND RISK FACTORS UPDATE
This section provides an update to our risk management practices and risk factors outlined in the MD&A in our 2016 Annual Report. The shaded text and tables in this section of the MD&A represent our disclosure on market and liquidity risk in accordance with IFRS 7 "Financial Instruments – Disclosures". Accordingly, the following shaded text and tables represent an integral part of our unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
E1
Variable annuity and segregated fund guarantees
As described in the MD&A in our 2016 Annual Report, guarantees on variable products and segregated funds may include one or more of death, maturity, income and withdrawal guarantees. Variable annuity and segregated fund guarantees are contingent on and only payable upon the occurrence of the relevant event, if fund values at that time are below guaranteed values.
We seek to mitigate a portion of the risks embedded in our retained (i.e. net of reinsurance) variable annuity and segregated fund guarantee business through the combination of our dynamic and macro hedging strategies (see section E3 "Publicly traded equity performance risk" below).
The table below shows selected information regarding the Company's variable annuity and segregated fund investment-related guarantees gross and net of reinsurance.

 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
21

 

Variable annuity and segregated fund guarantees, net of reinsurance
 
   
June 30, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
As at
($ millions)
 
Guarantee
value
   
Fund value
   
Amount at
risk(4),(5)
   
Guarantee
value
   
Fund value
   
Amount at
risk(4),(5)
 
Guaranteed minimum income benefit(1)
 
$
5,539
   
$
4,295
   
$
1,285
   
$
5,987
   
$
4,432
   
$
1,570
 
Guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit
   
64,870
     
58,143
     
7,125
     
68,594
     
59,593
     
9,135
 
Guaranteed minimum accumulation benefit
   
19,024
     
19,591
     
25
     
19,482
     
19,989
     
27
 
Gross living benefits(2)
   
89,433
     
82,029
     
8,435
     
94,063
     
84,014
     
10,732
 
Gross death benefits(3)
   
11,413
     
16,775
     
1,147
     
12,200
     
16,614
     
1,350
 
Total gross of reinsurance
   
100,846
     
98,804
     
9,582
     
106,263
     
100,628
     
12,082
 
Living benefits reinsured
   
4,819
     
3,754
     
1,094
     
5,241
     
3,903
     
1,349
 
Death benefits reinsured
   
3,192
     
3,121
     
485
     
3,429
     
3,202
     
564
 
Total reinsured
   
8,011
     
6,875
     
1,579
     
8,670
     
7,105
     
1,913
 
Total, net of reinsurance
 
$
92,835
   
$
91,929
   
$
8,003
   
$
97,593
   
$
93,523
   
$
10,169
 
(1)
Contracts with guaranteed long-term care benefits are included in this category.
(2)
Where a policy includes both living and death benefits, the guarantee in excess of the living benefit is included in the death benefit category as outlined in footnote 3.
(3)
Death benefits include stand-alone guarantees and guarantees in excess of living benefit guarantees where both death and living benefits are provided on a policy.
(4)
Amount at risk (in-the-money amount) is the excess of guarantee values over fund values on all policies where the guarantee value exceeds the fund value. This amount is not currently payable. For guaranteed minimum death benefit, the amount at risk is defined as the current guaranteed minimum death benefit in excess of the current account balance. For guaranteed minimum income benefit, the amount at risk is defined as the excess of the current annuitization income base over the current account value. For all guarantees, the amount at risk is floored at zero at the single contract level.
(5)
The amount at risk net of reinsurance at June 30, 2017 was $8,003 million (December 31, 2016 – $10,169 million) of which: US$4,763 million (December 31, 2016 – US$6,008 million) was on our U.S. business, $1,330 million (December 31, 2016 – $1,499 million) was on our Canadian business, US$169 million (December 31, 2016 – US$206 million) was on our Japan business and US$210 million (December 31, 2016 – US$244 million) was related to Asia (other than Japan) and our run-off reinsurance business.
E2
Caution related to sensitivities
In this document, we provide sensitivities and risk exposure measures for certain risks. These include sensitivities due to specific changes in market prices and interest rate levels projected using internal models as at a specific date, and are measured relative to a starting level reflecting the Company's assets and liabilities at that date and the actuarial factors, investment activity and investment returns assumed in the determination of policy liabilities. The risk exposures measure the impact of changing one factor at a time and assume that all other factors remain unchanged. Actual results can differ significantly from these estimates for a variety of reasons including the interaction among these factors when more than one changes; changes in actuarial and investment return and future investment activity assumptions; actual experience differing from the assumptions, changes in business mix, effective tax rates and other market factors; and the general limitations of our internal models. For these reasons, the sensitivities should only be viewed as directional estimates of the underlying sensitivities for the respective factors based on the assumptions outlined below. Given the nature of these calculations, we cannot provide assurance that the actual impact on net income attributed to shareholders will be as indicated or on MLI's MCCSR ratio will be as indicated.
E3
Publicly traded equity performance risk
As outlined in our 2016 Annual Report, our macro hedging strategy is designed to mitigate public equity risk arising from variable annuity guarantees not dynamically hedged and from other products and fees. In addition, our variable annuity guarantee dynamic hedging strategy is not designed to completely offset the sensitivity of policy liabilities to all risks associated with the guarantees embedded in these products (see pages 56 and 57 of our 2016 Annual Report).
The tables below show the potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders resulting from an immediate 10, 20 and 30% change in market values of publicly traded equities followed by a return to the expected level of growth assumed in the valuation of policy liabilities. If market values were to remain flat for an entire year, the potential impact would be roughly equivalent to an immediate decline in market values equal to the expected level of annual growth assumed in the valuation of policy liabilities. Further, if after market values dropped 10, 20 or 30% they continued to decline, remained flat, or grew more slowly than assumed in the valuation the potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders could be considerably more than shown. Refer to section F2 "Sensitivity of policy liabilities to updates and assumptions" for more information on the level of growth assumed and on the net income sensitivity to changes in these long-term assumptions. The potential impact is shown after taking into account the impact of the change in markets on the hedge assets. While we cannot reliably estimate the amount of the change in dynamically hedged variable annuity guarantee liabilities that will not be offset by the profit or loss on the dynamic hedge assets, we make certain assumptions for the purposes of estimating the impact on net income attributable to shareholders.

 

Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
22

 
This estimate assumes that the performance of the dynamic hedging program would not completely offset the gain/loss from the dynamically hedged variable annuity guarantee liabilities. It assumes that the hedge assets are based on the actual position at the period end, and that equity hedges in the dynamic program are rebalanced at 5% intervals. In addition, we assume that the macro hedge assets are rebalanced in line with market changes.
It is also important to note that these estimates are illustrative, and that the hedging program may underperform these estimates, particularly during periods of high realized volatility and/or periods where both interest rates and equity market movements are unfavourable.

The Standards of Practice for the valuation of insurance contract liabilities and guidance published by the CIA constrain the investment return assumptions for public equities and certain alternative long-duration assets ("ALDA") assets based on historical return benchmarks for public equities. The potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders does not take into account possible changes to investment return assumptions resulting from the impact of declines in public equity market values on these historical return benchmarks.

Potential immediate impact on net income attributed to shareholders arising from changes to public equity returns(1),(2),(3)

As at June 30, 2017
                                   
($ millions)
   
-30
%
   
-20
%
   
-10
%
   
10
%
   
20
%
   
30
%
Underlying sensitivity to net income
   attributed to shareholders(4)
                                               
Variable annuity guarantees
 
$
(4,230
)
 
$
(2,500
)
 
$
(1,080
)
 
$
780
   
$
1,330
   
$
1,680
 
Asset based fees
   
(430
)
   
(280
)
   
(140
)
   
140
     
280
     
430
 
General fund equity investments(5)
   
(900
)
   
(580
)
   
(270
)
   
250
     
500
     
750
 
Total underlying sensitivity before hedging
   
(5,560
)
   
(3,360
)
   
(1,490
)
   
1,170
     
2,110
     
2,860
 
Impact of macro and dynamic hedge assets(6)
   
3,360
     
1,970
     
850
     
(720
)
   
(1,230
)
   
(1,600
)
Net potential impact on net income after
   impact of hedging
 
$
(2,200
)
 
$
(1,390
)
 
$
(640
)
 
$
450
   
$
880
   
$
1,260
 
 
As at December 31, 2016
                                               
($ millions)
   
-30
%
   
-20
%
   
-10
%
   
10
%
   
20
%
   
30
%
Underlying sensitivity to net income
   attributed to shareholders(4)
                                               
Variable annuity guarantees
 
$
(4,830
)
 
$
(2,920
)
 
$
(1,290
)
 
$
1,000
   
$
1,690
   
$
2,170
 
Asset based fees
   
(410
)
   
(280
)
   
(140
)
   
140
     
280
     
410
 
General fund equity investments(5)
   
(910
)
   
(590
)
   
(270
)
   
240
     
490
     
750
 
Total underlying sensitivity before hedging
   
(6,150
)
   
(3,790
)
   
(1,700
)
   
1,380
     
2,460
     
3,330
 
Impact of macro and dynamic hedge assets(6)
   
4,050
     
2,440
     
1,060
     
(910
)
   
(1,610
)
   
(2,160
)
Net potential impact on net income after
   impact of hedging
 
$
(2,100
)
 
$
(1,350
)
 
$
(640
)
 
$
470
   
$
850
   
$
1,170
 

(1)
See "Caution related to sensitivities" above.
(2)
The tables above show the potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders resulting from an immediate 10, 20 and 30% change in market values of publicly traded equities followed by a return to the expected level of growth assumed in the valuation of policy liabilities.
(3)
Please refer to section F2 "Sensitivity of policy liabilities to updates and assumptions" for more information on the level of growth assumed and on the net income sensitivity to changes in these long-term assumptions.
(4)
Defined as earnings sensitivity to a change in public equity markets including settlements on reinsurance contracts, but before the offset of hedge assets or other risk mitigants.
(5)
This impact for general fund equities is calculated as at a point-in-time and does not include: (i) any potential impact on public equity weightings; (ii) any gains or losses on AFS public equities held in the Corporate and Other segment; or (iii) any gains or losses on public equity investments held in Manulife Bank. The participating policy funds are largely self-supporting and generate no material impact on net income attributed to shareholders as a result of changes in equity markets.

 
(6)
Includes the impact of rebalancing equity hedges in the macro and dynamic hedging program. The impact of dynamic hedge rebalancing represents the impact of rebalancing equity hedges for dynamically hedged variable annuity guarantee best estimate liabilities at 5% intervals, but does not include any impact in respect of other sources of hedge ineffectiveness (e.g. fund tracking, realized volatility and equity, interest rate correlations different from expected among other factors.
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
23


 

Potential immediate impact on MLI's MCCSR ratio arising from public equity returns different than the expected return for policy liability valuation(1),(2),(3)
   
Impact on MLI's MCCSR ratio
 
Percentage points
   
-30
%
   
-20
%
   
-10
%
   
10
%
   
20
%
   
30
%
June 30, 2017
   
(13
)
   
(9
)
   
(4
)
   
4
     
13
     
16
 
December 31, 2016
   
(12
)
   
(8
)
   
(4
)
   
3
     
14
     
18
 
(1)
See "Caution related to sensitivities" above. In addition, estimates exclude changes to the net actuarial gains/losses with respect to the Company's pension obligations as a result of changes in equity markets, as the impact on the quoted sensitivities is not considered to be material.
(2)
The potential impact is shown assuming that the change in value of the hedge assets does not completely offset the change in the dynamically hedged variable annuity guarantee liabilities. The estimated amount that would not be completely offset relates to our practices of not hedging the provisions for adverse deviation and of rebalancing equity hedges for dynamically hedged variable annuity liabilities at 5% intervals.
(3)
OSFI rules for segregated fund guarantees reflect full capital impacts of shocks over 20 quarters within a prescribed range. As such, the deterioration in equity markets could lead to further increases in capital requirements after the initial shock.
E4
Interest rate and spread risk
As at June 30, 2017, we estimated the sensitivity of our net income attributed to shareholders to a 50 basis point parallel decline in interest rates to be a charge of $200 million, and to a 50 basis point increase in interest rates to be a benefit of $100 million, after rounding results to the nearest $100 million.
The table below shows the potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders from a 50 basis point parallel move in interest rates. This includes a change of 50 basis points in current government, swap and corporate rates for all maturities across all markets with no change in credit spreads between government, swap and corporate rates, and with a floor of zero on government rates where government rates are not currently negative, relative to the rates assumed in the valuation of policy liabilities, including embedded derivatives. For variable annuity guarantee liabilities that are dynamically hedged, it is assumed that interest rate hedges are rebalanced at 20 basis point intervals.
As the sensitivity to a 50 basis point change in interest rates includes any associated change in the applicable reinvestment scenarios, the impact of changes to interest rates for less than, or more than 50 basis points is unlikely to be linear. Furthermore, our sensitivities are not consistent across all regions in which we operate, and the impact of yield curve changes will vary depending upon the geography that the change occurs in. Reinvestment assumptions used in the valuation of policy liabilities tend to amplify the negative effects of a decrease in interest rates, and dampen the positive effects of interest rate increases. This is because the reinvestment assumptions used in the valuation of our insurance liabilities are based on interest rate scenarios and calibration criteria set by the Actuarial Standards Board, while our interest rate hedges are valued using current market interest rates. Therefore, in any particular quarter, changes to the reinvestment assumptions are not fully aligned to changes in current market interest rates especially when there is a significant change in the shape of the interest rate curve. As a result, the impact from non-parallel movements may be materially different from the estimated impact of parallel movements. For example, if long-term interest rates increase more than short-term interest rates (sometimes referred to as a steepening of the yield curve) in North America, the decrease in the value of our swaps may be greater than the decrease in the value of our insurance liabilities. This could result in a charge to net income attributed to shareholders in the short-term even though the rising and steepening, if sustained, may have a positive long-term economic impact.
The potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders does not take into account any future potential changes to our URR assumptions or calibration criteria for stochastic risk-free rates or other potential impacts of lower interest rate levels, for example, increased strain on the sale of new business or lower interest earned on our surplus assets. The impact also does not reflect any unrealized gains or losses on AFS fixed income assets held in our surplus segment. Changes in the market value of these assets may provide a natural economic offset to the interest rate risk arising from our product liabilities. In order for there to also be an accounting offset, the Company would need to realize a portion of the AFS fixed income asset unrealized gains or losses. It is not certain we would crystallize any of the unrealized gains or losses available.
The impact does not reflect any potential effect of changing interest rates to the value of our ALDA assets. Rising interest rates could negatively impact the value of our ALDA assets (see "Critical Accounting and Actuarial Policies – Fair Value of Invested Assets" on page 78 of our 2016 Annual Report). More information on ALDA can be found in section E5 "Alternative Long-Duration Asset Performance Risk".
The following table shows the potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders including the change in the market value of fixed income assets held in our surplus segment, which could be realized through the sale of these assets.

 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
24

Potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders and MLI's MCCSR ratio of an immediate parallel change in interest rates relative to rates assumed in the valuation of policy liabilities(1),(2),(3),(4),(5)

   
June 30, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
As at
   
-50
bp
   
+50
bp
   
-50
bp
   
+50
bp
Net income attributed to shareholders ($ millions)
                               
Excluding change in market value of AFS fixed income assets held in the surplus segment
 
$
(200
)
 
$
100
   
$
-
   
$
-
 
From fair value changes in AFS fixed income assets held in surplus, if realized
   
1,000
     
(900
)
   
1,000
     
(900
)
MLI's MCCSR ratio (Percentage points)
                               
Before impact of change in market value of AFS fixed income assets held in the surplus segment(5)
   
(7
)
   
6
     
(6
)
   
5
 
From fair value changes in AFS fixed income assets held in surplus, if realized
   
3
     
(5
)
   
1
     
(4
)


(1)
See "Caution related to sensitivities" above. In addition, estimates exclude changes to the net actuarial gains/losses with respect to the Company's pension obligations as a result of changes in interest rates, as the impact on the quoted sensitivities is not considered to be material.

 
(2)
Includes guaranteed insurance and annuity products, including variable annuity contracts as well as adjustable benefit products where benefits are generally adjusted as interest rates and investment returns change, a portion of which have minimum credited rate guarantees. For adjustable benefit products subject to minimum rate guarantees, the sensitivities are based on the assumption that credited rates will be floored at the minimum.
(3)
The amount of gain or loss that can be realized on AFS fixed income assets held in the surplus segment will depend on the aggregate amount of unrealized gain or loss.
(4)
Sensitivities are based on projected asset and liability cash flows at the beginning of the quarter adjusted for the estimated impact of new business, investment markets and asset trading during the quarter. Any true-up to these estimates, as a result of the final asset and liability cash flows to be used in the next quarter's projection, are reflected in the next quarter's sensitivities. Impact of realizing fair value changes in AFS fixed income assets is as of the end of the quarter.

(5)
The impact on MLI's MCCSR ratio includes both the impact of lower earnings on available capital as well as the increase in required capital that results from a decline in interest rates.
 

The following table shows the potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders resulting from a change in corporate spreads and swap spreads over government bond rates for all maturities across all markets with a floor of zero on the total interest rate, relative to the spreads assumed in the valuation of policy liabilities.

Potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders arising from changes to corporate spreads and swap spreads(1),(2),(3)

As at
       
($ millions)
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Corporate spreads(4)
       
   Increase 50 basis points
 
$
900
   
$
700
 
   Decrease 50 basis points
   
(900
)
   
(800
)
Swap spreads
               
   Increase 20 basis points
 
$
(500
)
 
$
(500
)
   Decrease 20 basis points
   
500
     
500
 


(1)
See "Caution related to sensitivities" above.

(2)
The impact on net income attributed to shareholders assumes no gains or losses are realized on our AFS fixed income assets held in the surplus segment and excludes the impact arising from changes in off-balance sheet bond fund value arising from changes in credit spreads. The participating policy funds are largely self-supporting and generate no material impact on net income attributed to shareholders as a result of changes in corporate and swap spreads.
(3)
Sensitivities are based on projected asset and liability cash flows at the beginning of the quarter adjusted for the estimated impact of new business, investment markets and asset trading during the quarter. Any true-up to these estimates, as a result of the final asset and liability cash flows to be used in the next quarter's projection, are reflected in the next quarter's sensitivities.

(4)
Corporate spreads are assumed to grade to the long-term average over five years.

E5
Alternative long-duration asset ("ALDA") performance risk
The following table shows the potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders resulting from changes in market values of ALDA that differ from the expected levels assumed in the valuation of policy liabilities.



Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
25


 
Potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders arising from changes in ALDA returns(1),(2),(3),(4),(5)

As at
 
June 30, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
($ millions)
   
-10
%
   
10
%
   
-10
%
   
10
%
Real estate, agriculture and timber assets
 
$
(1,300
)
 
$
1,200
   
$
(1,300
)
 
$
1,200
 
Private equities and other ALDA
   
(1,300
)
   
1,200
     
(1,200
)
   
1,200
 
Alternative long-duration assets
 
$
(2,600
)
 
$
2,400
   
$
(2,500
)
 
$
2,400
 

(1)
See "Caution Related to Sensitivities" above.

(2)
This impact is calculated as at a point-in-time impact and does not include: (i) any potential impact on ALDA weightings; (ii) any gains or losses on ALDA held in the Corporate and Other segment; or (iii) any gains or losses on ALDA held in Manulife Bank.
(3)
The participating policy funds are largely self-supporting and generate no material impact on net income attributed to shareholders as a result of changes in ALDA returns. For some classes of ALDA, where there is not an appropriate long-term benchmark available, the return assumptions used in valuation are not permitted by the Standards of Practice and CIA guidance to result in a lower reserve than an assumption based on a historical return benchmark for public equities in the same jurisdiction.
(4)
Net income impact does not consider any impact of the market correction on assumed future return assumptions.
(5)
Please refer to section F2 "Sensitivity of policy liabilities to updates and assumptions" for more information on the level of growth assumed and on the net income sensitivity to changes in these long-term assumptions.


F
ACCOUNTING MATTERS AND CONTROLS
F1
Critical accounting and actuarial policies
Our significant accounting policies under IFRS are described in note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2016. The critical accounting policies and the estimation processes relate to the determination of insurance and investment contract liabilities, assessment of relationships with other entities for consolidation, fair value of certain financial instruments, provisioning for asset impairment, accounting for derivative financial instruments, determination of pension and other post-employment benefit obligations and expenses, income taxes and uncertain tax positions and valuation and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets are described on pages 71 to 79 of our 2016 Annual Report.
F2
Sensitivity of policy liabilities to asset related assumptions
When the assumptions underlying our determination of policy liabilities are updated to reflect recent and emerging experience or change in outlook, the result is a change in the value of policy liabilities which in turn affects net income attributed to shareholders. The sensitivity of net income attributed to shareholders to updates to asset related assumptions underlying policy liabilities is shown below, and assumes that there is a simultaneous change in the assumptions across all business units.
For changes in asset related assumptions, the sensitivity is shown net of the corresponding impact on income of the change in the value of the assets supporting policy liabilities. In practice, experience for each assumption will frequently vary by geographic market and business, and assumption updates are made on a business/geographic specific basis. Actual results can differ materially from these estimates for a variety of reasons including the interaction among these factors when more than one changes; changes in actuarial and investment return and future investment activity assumptions; actual experience differing from the assumptions; changes in business mix, effective tax rates and other market factors; and the general limitations of our internal models.
 
 
 
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
26




Potential impact on net income attributed to shareholders arising from changes to asset related assumptions supporting actuarial liabilities

As at
Increase (decrease) in after-tax income
 
($ millions)
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Asset related assumptions updated periodically in valuation basis changes
Increase
 
Decrease
 
Increase
 
Decrease
 
100 basis point change in future annual returns for public equities(1)
 
$
500
   
$
(500
)
 
$
500
   
$
(500
)
100 basis point change in future annual returns for ALDA(2)
   
2,900
     
(3,600
)
   
2,900
     
(3,500
)
100 basis point change in equity volatility assumption for stochastic segregated fund modelling(3)
   
(200
)
   
200
     
(200
)
   
200
 
(1)
The sensitivity to public equity returns above includes the impact on both segregated fund guarantee reserves and on other policy liabilities. For a 100 basis point increase in expected growth rates, the impact from segregated fund guarantee reserves is a $200 million increase (December 31, 2016 – $200 million increase). For a 100 basis point decrease in expected growth rates, the impact from segregated fund guarantee reserves is a $200 million decrease (2016 – $200 million decrease). Expected long-term annual market growth assumptions for public equities pre-dividends for key markets are based on long-term historical observed experience and compliance with actuarial standards. The pre-dividend growth rates for returns in the major markets used in the stochastic valuation models for valuing segregated fund guarantees are 7.5% per annum in Canada, 7.6% per annum in the U.S. and 5.2% per annum in Japan. Growth assumptions for European equity funds are market-specific and vary between 5.8% and 7.85%.
(2)
ALDA include commercial real estate, timber and farmland real estate, power and infrastructure, direct oil and gas properties, and private equities, some of which relate to oil and gas. Expected long-term return assumptions are set in accordance with the Standards of Practice for the valuation of insurance contract liabilities and guidance published by the CIA. The guidance requires that the investment return assumption for these assets should not be higher than the historical long-term average returns of an appropriate broad-based index. Where such experience is not available, investment return assumptions should not result in a lower reserve than an assumption based on a historical return benchmark for public equities in the same jurisdiction. Annual best estimate return assumptions for ALDA and public equity including market growth rates and annual income, such as rent, production proceeds and dividends, vary between 5.25% and 12%, with an average of 9.7% based on the asset mix backing our guaranteed insurance and annuity business as of June 30, 2017. The annual return assumptions for ALDA and public equity, including margins for adverse deviations in our valuation which take into account the uncertainty of achieving the returns, will vary based on our holding period. On average, for a 20-year horizon, the assumption varies between 2.5% and 7.5%.
(3)
Volatility assumptions for public equities are based on long-term historical observed experience and compliance with actuarial standards. The resulting volatility assumptions are 17.0% per annum in Canada and 17.15% per annum in the U.S. for large cap public equities, and 19% per annum in Japan. For European equity funds, the volatility varies between 16.25% and 18.4%.
 
F3
Accounting and reporting changes
Refer to note 2 of our unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 for accounting and reporting changes during the quarter.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
27




F4
Quarterly financial information
The following table provides summary information related to our eight most recently completed quarters

As at and for the three months ended
 
Jun 30,
   
Mar 31,
   
Dec 31,
   
Sept 30,
   
Jun 30,
   
Mar 31,
   
Dec 31,
   
Sept 30,
 
(C$ millions, except per share amounts or otherwise stated, unaudited)
 
2017
   
2017
   
2016
   
2016
   
2016
   
2016
   
2015
   
2015
 
Revenue
                                               
Premium income
                                               
Life and health insurance
 
$
6,040
   
$
5,994
   
$
6,093
   
$
5,950
   
$
5,497
   
$
5,728
   
$
5,331
   
$
5,092
 
Annuities and pensions
   
934
     
1,056
     
908
     
1,247
     
1,209
     
1,000
     
1,381
     
1,141
 
Premiums ceded, net of ceded commission and additional consideration relating to Closed Block reinsurance transaction 
 
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(7,996
)
Net premium income
   
6,974
     
7,050
     
7,001
     
7,197
     
6,706
     
6,728
     
6,712
     
(1,763
)
Investment income
   
3,444
     
3,317
     
3,309
     
3,568
     
3,213
     
3,300
     
2,899
     
2,708
 
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on
   assets supporting insurance and
   investment contract liabilities(1) 
 
3,303
     
590
     
(16,421
)
   
771
     
7,922
     
8,862
     
(1,916
)
   
3,672
 
Other revenue
   
2,872
     
2,593
     
2,637
     
2,921
     
2,794
     
2,829
     
2,694
     
2,487
 
Total revenue
 
$
16,593
   
$
13,550
   
$
(3,474
)
 
$
14,457
   
$
20,635
   
$
21,719
   
$
10,389
   
$
7,104
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
 
$
1,618
   
$
1,737
   
$
(285
)
 
$
1,314
   
$
947
   
$
1,353
   
$
136
   
$
988
 
Income tax (expense) recovery
   
(304
)
   
(346
)
   
450
     
(117
)
   
(231
)
   
(298
)
   
76
     
(316
)
Net income
 
$
1,314
   
$
1,391
   
$
165
   
$
1,197
   
$
716
   
$
1,055
   
$
212
   
$
672
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
 
$
1,255
   
$
1,350
   
$
63
   
$
1,117
   
$
704
   
$
1,045
   
$
246
   
$
622
 
Reconciliation of core earnings to net income
   attributed to shareholders 
                                                             
Total core earnings(2)
 
$
1,174
   
$
1,101
   
$
1,287
   
$
996
   
$
833
   
$
905
   
$
859
   
$
870
 
Other items to reconcile net income attributed
   to shareholders to core earnings(3): 
                                                             
Investment-related experience outside of
   core earnings
   
138
     
-
     
-
     
280
     
60
     
(340
)
   
(361
)
   
(169
)
Direct impact of equity markets, interest rates
   and variable annuity guarantee liabilities 
 
(37
)
   
267
     
(1,202
)
   
414
     
(170
)
   
474
     
(29
)
   
232
 
Impact of major reinsurance transactions,
   in-force product changes and recapture of
   reinsurance treaties 
 
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(52
)
   
-
 
Change in actuarial methods and assumptions 
 
-
     
-
     
(10
)
   
(455
)
   
-
     
12
     
(97
)
   
(285
)
Net impact of acquisitions and divestitures 
 
(20
)
   
(18
)
   
(25
)
   
(23
)
   
(19
)
   
(14
)
   
(39
)
   
(26
)
Tax related items
   
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
2
     
-
     
1
     
2
     
-
 
Other items
   
-
     
-
     
15
     
(97
)
   
-
     
7
     
(37
)
   
-
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
 
$
1,255
   
$
1,350
   
$
63
   
$
1,117
   
$
704
   
$
1,045
   
$
246
   
$
622
 
Basic earnings per common share
 
$
0.62
   
$
0.66
   
$
0.01
   
$
0.55
   
$
0.34
   
$
0.51
   
$
0.11
   
$
0.30
 
Diluted earnings per common share
 
$
0.61
   
$
0.66
   
$
0.01
   
$
0.55
   
$
0.34
   
$
0.51
   
$
0.11
   
$
0.30
 
Segregated funds deposits
 
$
8,544
   
$
9,632
   
$
8,247
   
$
8,291
   
$
7,899
   
$
8,693
   
$
8,324
   
$
8,401
 
Total assets (in billions)
 
$
726
   
$
728
   
$
721
   
$
742
   
$
725
   
$
696
   
$
703
   
$
682
 
Weighted average common shares
   (in millions)
   
1,977
     
1,976
     
1,974
     
1,973
     
1,972
     
1,972
     
1,972
     
1,971
 
Diluted weighted average common shares
   (in millions)
   
1,984
     
1,984
     
1,980
     
1,976
     
1,976
     
1,976
     
1,977
     
1,977
 
Dividends per common share
 
$
0.205
   
$
0.205
   
$
0.185
   
$
0.185
   
$
0.185
   
$
0.185
   
$
0.170
   
$
0.170
 
CDN$ to US$1 - Statement of Financial
   Position
 
1.2977
     
1.3323
     
1.3426
     
1.3116
     
1.3009
     
1.2970
     
1.3841
     
1.3394
 
CDN$ to US$1 - Statement of Income
   
1.3450
     
1.3238
     
1.3343
     
1.3050
     
1.2889
     
1.3724
     
1.3360
     
1.3089
 


(1)
For fixed income assets supporting insurance and investment contract liabilities and for equities supporting pass-through products and derivatives related to variable hedging programs, the impact of realized and unrealized gains (losses) on the assets is largely offset in the change in insurance and investment contract liabilities.
(2)
Core earnings is a non-GAAP measure. See "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" below.
(3)
For explanations of other items, see "Second quarter earnings analysis" table in section B "Financial Highlights" and for an operating segment split of these items see the 8 quarter trend tables in section G3 "Performance and Non-GAAP Measures" which reconciles net income attributed to shareholders to core earnings.
 
F5
Other
No changes were made in our internal control over financial reporting during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
As in prior quarters, MFC's Audit Committee reviewed this MD&A and the unaudited interim financial report and MFC's Board of Directors approved this MD&A prior to its release.
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
28


 

G
OTHER
G1
Quarterly dividend
On August 9, 2017, our Board of Directors approved a quarterly shareholders' dividend of $0.205 per share on the common shares of MFC, payable on and after September 19, 2017 to shareholders of record at the close of business on August 22, 2017.
The Board of Directors also approved that, in respect of MFC's September 19, 2017 common share dividend payment date and pursuant to MFC's Canadian Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan and its U.S. Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan, the required common shares be purchased on the open market. The purchase price of such shares will be based on the average of the actual cost to purchase such common shares. There are no applicable discounts because the common shares are being purchased on the open market and are not being issued from treasury.
The Board also declared dividends on the following non-cumulative preferred shares, payable on or after September 19, 2017 to shareholders of record at the close of business on August 22, 2017:

Class A Shares Series 2 – $0.29063 per share
Class A Shares Series 3 – $0.28125 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 3 – $0.136125 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 4 – $0.121743 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 5 – $0.243188 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 7 – $0.2695 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 9 – $0.275 per share
 
Class 1 Shares Series 11 – $0.25 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 13 – $0.2375 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 15 – $0.24375 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 17 – $0.24375 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 19 – $0.2375 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 21 – $0.35 per share
Class 1 Shares Series 23 – $0.303125 per share
 
G2
Outstanding shares – selected information
Common Shares
As at August 3, 2017 MFC had 1,978,084,502 common shares outstanding.
G3
Performance and Non-GAAP Measures
We use a number of non-GAAP financial measures to measure overall performance and to assess each of our businesses. A financial measure is considered a non-GAAP measure for Canadian securities law purposes if it is presented other than in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles used for the Company's audited financial statements. Non-GAAP measures include: Core Earnings (Loss); Core ROE; Diluted Core Earnings per Common Share; Core Earnings Before Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("core EBITDA"); Core EBITDA Margin; Core Investment Gains; Constant Currency Basis (measures that are reported on a constant currency basis include percentage growth in Core Earnings in Asia Division, Sales, APE Sales, Gross Flows, Premiums and Deposits, Core EBITDA, New Business Value, and Assets under Management and Administration); Assets under Administration; Premiums and Deposits; Assets under Management and Administration; Assets under Management; Capital; Embedded Value; New Business Value; Sales; APE Sales; Gross Flows; and Net Flows. Non-GAAP financial measures are not defined terms under GAAP and, therefore, are unlikely to be comparable to similar terms used by other issuers. Therefore, they should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any other financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Core earnings (loss) is a non-GAAP measure which we believe aids investors in better understanding the long-term earnings capacity and valuation of the business. Core earnings allows investors to focus on the Company's operating performance by excluding the direct impact of changes in equity markets and interest rates, changes in actuarial methods and assumptions as well as a number of other items, outlined below, that we believe are material, but do not reflect the underlying earnings capacity of the business. For example, due to the long-term nature of our business, the mark-to-market movements of equity markets, interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices from period-to-period can, and frequently do, have a substantial impact on the reported amounts of our assets, liabilities and net income attributed to shareholders. These reported amounts are not actually realized at the time and may never be realized if the markets move in the opposite direction in a subsequent period. This makes it very difficult for investors to evaluate how our businesses are performing from period-to-period and to compare our performance with other issuers.
We believe that core earnings better reflects the underlying earnings capacity and valuation of our business. We use core earnings as the basis for management planning and reporting and, along with net income attributable to shareholders, as a key metric used in our short and mid-term incentive plans at the total Company and operating segment level.
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
29

While core earnings is relevant to how we manage our business and offers a consistent methodology, it is not insulated from macro-economic factors which can have a significant impact. See section F4 "Quarterly Financial Information" above for a reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders.
Any future changes to the core earnings definition referred to below, will be disclosed.
Items included in core earnings:
1.
Expected earnings on in-force policies, including expected release of provisions for adverse deviation, fee income, margins on group business and spread business such as Manulife Bank and asset fund management.
2.
Macro hedging costs based on expected market returns.
3.
New business strain.
4.
Policyholder experience gains or losses.
5.
Acquisition and operating expenses compared with expense assumptions used in the measurement of policy liabilities.
6.
Up to $400 million of net favourable investment-related experience reported in a single year, which are referred to as "core investment gains". This means up to $100 million in the first quarter, up to $200 million on a year-to-date basis in the second quarter, up to $300 million on a year-to-date basis in the third quarter and up to $400 million on a full year basis in the fourth quarter. Any investment-related experience losses reported in a quarter will be offset against the net year-to-date investment-related experience gains with the difference being included in core earnings subject to a maximum of the year-to-date core investment gains and a minimum of zero, which reflects our expectation that investment-related experience will be positive through-the-business cycle. To the extent any investment-related experience losses cannot be fully offset in a quarter they will be carried forward to be offset against investment-related experience gains in subsequent quarters in the same year, for purposes of determining core investment gains.

Investment-related experience relates to fixed income investing, alternative long-duration asset returns, credit experience and asset mix changes.
·
This favourable and unfavourable investment-related experience is a combination of reported investment experience as well as the impact of investing activities on the measurement of our policy liabilities. We do not attribute specific components of investment-related experience to amounts included or excluded from core earnings.
·
The $400 million threshold represents the estimated average annualized amount of net favourable investment-related experience that the Company reasonably expects to achieve through-the-business cycle based on historical experience. It is not a forecast of expected net favourable investment-related experience for any given fiscal year.
·
Our average net annualized investment-related experience calculated from the introduction of core earnings in 2012 to the end of 2016 was $456 million.
·
While historical investment return time horizons may vary in length based on underlying asset classes generally exceeding 20 years, for purposes of establishing the threshold, we look at a business cycle that is five or more years and includes a recession. We monitor the appropriateness of the threshold as part of our annual five-year planning process and would adjust it, either to a higher or lower amount, in the future if we believed that our threshold was no longer appropriate.
·
Specific criteria used for evaluating a potential adjustment to the threshold may include, but are not limited to, the extent to which actual investment-related experience differs materially from actuarial assumptions used in measuring insurance contract liabilities, material market events, material dispositions or acquisitions of assets, and regulatory or accounting changes.
7.
Earnings on surplus other than mark-to-market items. Gains on available-for-sale ("AFS") equities and seed money investments are included in core earnings.
8.
Routine or non-material legal settlements.
9.
All other items not specifically excluded.
10.
Tax on the above items.
11.
All tax related items except the impact of enacted or substantially enacted income tax rate changes.
Items excluded from core earnings:
1.
The direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities includes the items listed below.
·
The earnings impact of the difference between the net increase (decrease) in variable annuity liabilities that are dynamically hedged and the performance of the related hedge assets. Our variable annuity dynamic hedging
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
30

 
strategy is not designed to completely offset the sensitivity of insurance and investment contract liabilities to all risks or measurements associated with the guarantees embedded in these products for a number of reasons, including; provisions for adverse deviation, fund performance, the portion of the interest rate risk that is not dynamically hedged, realized equity and interest rate volatilities and changes to policyholder behaviour.
·
Gains (charges) on variable annuity guarantee liabilities not dynamically hedged.
·
Gains (charges) on general fund equity investments supporting policy liabilities and on fee income.
·
Gains (charges) on macro equity hedges relative to expected costs. The expected cost of macro hedges is calculated using the equity assumptions used in the valuation of insurance and investment contract liabilities.
·
Gains (charges) on higher (lower) fixed income reinvestment rates assumed in the valuation of insurance and investment contract liabilities.
·
Gains (charges) on sale of AFS bonds and open derivatives not in hedging relationships in the Corporate and Other segment.
2.
Net favourable investment-related experience in excess of $400 million per annum or net unfavourable investment-related experience on a year-to-date basis.
3.
Mark-to-market gains or losses on assets held in the Corporate and Other segment other than gains on AFS equities and seed money investments in new segregated or mutual funds.
4.
Changes in actuarial methods and assumptions. As noted in the Critical Accounting and Actuarial Policies section above, policy liabilities for IFRS are valued in Canada under standards established by the Actuarial Standards Board. The standards require a comprehensive review of actuarial methods and assumptions to be performed annually. The review is designed to reduce the Company's exposure to uncertainty by ensuring assumptions for both asset related and liability related risks remain appropriate and is accomplished by monitoring experience and selecting assumptions which represent a current best estimate view of expected future experience, and margins that are appropriate for the risks assumed. By excluding the results of the annual reviews, core earnings assists investors in evaluating our operational performance and comparing our operational performance from period to period with other global insurance companies because the associated gain or loss is not reflective of current year performance and not reported in net income in most actuarial standards outside of Canada.
5.
The impact on the measurement of policy liabilities of changes in product features or new reinsurance transactions, if material.
6.
Goodwill impairment charges.
7.
Gains or losses on disposition of a business.
8.
Material one-time only adjustments, including highly unusual/extraordinary and material legal settlements or other items that are material and exceptional in nature.
9.
Tax on the above items.
10.
Impact of enacted or substantially enacted income tax rate changes.
 
 
 
 
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
31

The following table summarizes for the past eight quarters core earnings and net income (loss) attributed to shareholders.
Total Company

   
Quarterly Results
 
($ millions, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
4Q16
     
3Q16
     
2Q16
     
1Q16
     
4Q15
     
3Q15
 
Core earnings (loss)
                                                               
Asia Division
 
$
405
   
$
408
   
$
388
   
$
394
   
$
342
   
$
371
   
$
334
   
$
338
 
Canadian Division
   
345
     
319
     
359
     
354
     
333
     
338
     
352
     
336
 
U.S. Division
   
452
     
515
     
471
     
394
     
361
     
389
     
332
     
375
 
Corporate and Other (excluding
   expected cost of macro hedges and
   core investment gains) 
 
(168
)
   
(166
)
   
(75
)
   
(102
)
   
(125
)
   
(107
)
   
(85
)
   
(66
)
Expected cost of macro hedges
   
(14
)
   
(21
)
   
(36
)
   
(61
)
   
(78
)
   
(86
)
   
(74
)
   
(62
)
Investment-related experience included
   in core earnings 
 
154
     
46
     
180
     
17
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(51
)
Total core earnings
   
1,174
     
1,101
     
1,287
     
996
     
833
     
905
     
859
     
870
 
Investment-related experience outside
   of core earnings
   
138
     
-
     
-
     
280
     
60
     
(340
)
   
(361
)
   
(169
)
Core earnings plus investment-
   related experience outside of core
   earnings 
 
1,312
     
1,101
     
1,287
     
1,276
     
893
     
565
     
498
     
701
 
Other items to reconcile core earnings to
   net income attributed to shareholders: 
                                                             
   Direct impact of equity markets and
      interest rates and variable annuity
     guarantee liabilities 
 
(37
)
   
267
     
(1,202
)
   
414
     
(170
)
   
474
     
(29
)
   
232
 
   Recapture of reinsurance treaties
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(52
)
   
-
 
   Change in actuarial methods and
      assumptions 
 
-
     
-
     
(10
)
   
(455
)
   
-
     
12
     
(97
)
   
(285
)
   Integration and acquisition costs
   
(20
)
   
(18
)
   
(25
)
   
(23
)
   
(19
)
   
(14
)
   
(39
)
   
(26
)
   Tax related items
   
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
2
     
-
     
1
     
2
     
-
 
   Other items
   
-
     
-
     
15
     
(97
)
   
-
     
7
     
(37
)
   
-
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
 
$
1,255
   
$
1,350
   
$
63
   
$
1,117
   
$
704
   
$
1,045
   
$
246
   
$
622
 


 
 
 
 
 
 

 



Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
32


 

Asia Division

   
Quarterly Results
 
($ millions, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
4Q16
     
3Q16
     
2Q16
     
1Q16
     
4Q15
     
3Q15
 
Asia Division core earnings(1)
 
$
405
   
$
408
   
$
388
   
$
394
   
$
342
   
$
371
   
$
334
   
$
338
 
Investment-related experience outside of
   core earnings 
 
62
     
69
     
74
     
62
     
(25
)
   
(20
)
   
(3
)
   
21
 
Core earnings plus investment-related experience outside of core earnings 
 
467
     
477
     
462
     
456
     
317
     
351
     
331
     
359
 
Other items to reconcile core earnings to
   net income attributed to shareholders 
                                                             
Direct impact of equity markets
   and interest rates and variable
   annuity guarantee liabilities 
 
95
     
119
     
(15
)
   
107
     
(287
)
   
(238
)
   
76
     
(248
)
Tax-related items
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
10
     
2
     
-
 
Integration and acquisition costs
   
(7
)
   
(9
)
   
(4
)
   
(2
)
   
(2
)
   
(2
)
   
-
     
-
 
Other items
   
-
     
-
     
(12
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Net income attributed to
   shareholders(1) 
$
555
   
$
587
   
$
431
   
$
561
   
$
28
   
$
121
   
$
409
   
$
111
 
(1)
The 2015 earnings on assets backing capital allocated to each operating segment have been restated to align with the methodology used in 2016.

Canadian Division

   
Quarterly Results
 
($ millions, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
4Q16
     
3Q16
     
2Q16
     
1Q16
     
4Q15
     
3Q15
 
Canadian Division core earnings(1)
 
$
345
   
$
319
   
$
359
   
$
354
   
$
333
   
$
338
   
$
352
   
$
336
 
Investment-related experience outside of core earnings
 
 
(11
)
   
(38
)
   
17
     
35
     
(88
)
   
(78
)
   
(180
)
   
(144
)
Core earnings plus investment-related experience outside of core earnings  
334
     
281
     
376
     
389
     
245
     
260
     
172
     
192
 
Other items to reconcile core earnings to
   net income (loss) attributed to
   shareholders 
                                                             
Direct impact of equity markets
  and interest rates and variable
  annuity guarantee liabilities 
 
(238
)
   
(83
)
   
(266
)
   
60
     
130
     
346
     
(201
)
   
97
 
Recapture of reinsurance treaty and
   tax-related items 
 
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(52
)
   
-
 
Integration and acquisition costs
   
(12
)
   
(10
)
   
(18
)
   
(14
)
   
(16
)
   
(6
)
   
(23
)
   
(13
)
Net income (loss) attributed
   to shareholders(1) 
$
84
   
$
188
   
$
92
   
$
435
   
$
359
   
$
600
   
$
(104
)
 
$
276
 
(1)
The 2015 earnings on assets backing capital allocated to each operating segment have been restated to align with the methodology used in 2016.
U.S. Division

   
Quarterly Results
 
($ millions, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
4Q16
     
3Q16
     
2Q16
     
1Q16
     
4Q15
     
3Q15
 
U.S. Division core earnings(1)
 
$
452
   
$
515
   
$
471
   
$
394
   
$
361
   
$
389
   
$
332
   
$
375
 
Investment-related experience outside of
   core earnings 
 
164
     
31
     
97
     
192
     
93
     
(233
)
   
(146
)
   
(34
)
Core earnings plus investment-related
   experience outside of core earnings  
616
     
546
     
568
     
586
     
454
     
156
     
186
     
341
 
Other items to reconcile core earnings to
   net income (loss) attributed to
   shareholders 
                                                             
Direct impact of equity markets and
   interest rates and variable annuity
   guarantee liabilities 
 
159
     
222
     
(623
)
   
72
     
(47
)
   
82
     
142
     
174
 
Integration and acquisition costs
   
(1
)
   
-
     
(1
)
   
(4
)
   
-
     
(4
)
   
(5
)
   
(8
)
Other items
   
-
     
-
     
(15
)
   
(97
)
   
-
     
7
     
-
     
-
 
Tax related
   
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
2
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Net income (loss) attributed to
   shareholders(1) 
$
774
   
$
768
   
$
(73
)
 
$
559
   
$
407
   
$
241
   
$
323
   
$
507
 

(1)
The 2015 earnings on assets backing capital allocated to each operating segment have been restated to align with the methodology used in 2016.
 

 



Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
33


 
Corporate and Other

   
Quarterly Results
 
($ millions, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
4Q16
     
3Q16
     
2Q16
     
1Q16
     
4Q15
     
3Q15
 
Corporate and Other core loss
   (excluding expected cost of macro
   hedges and core investment gains) 
$
(168
)
 
$
(166
)
 
$
(75
)
 
$
(102
)
 
$
(125
)
 
$
(107
)
 
$
(85
)
 
$
(66
)
Expected cost of macro hedges 
 
(14
)
   
(21
)
   
(36
)
   
(61
)
   
(78
)
   
(86
)
   
(74
)
   
(62
)
Investment-related experience included
   in core earnings 
 
154
     
46
     
180
     
17
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(51
)
Total core earnings (loss)
   
(28
)
   
(141
)
   
69
     
(146
)
   
(203
)
   
(193
)
   
(159
)
   
(179
)
Investment-related experience outside of
   core earnings 
 
(77
)
   
(62
)
   
(188
)
   
(9
)
   
80
     
(9
)
   
(32
)
   
(12
)
Core loss plus investment-related
   experience outside of core earnings 
 
(105
)
   
(203
)
   
(119
)
   
(155
)
   
(123
)
   
(202
)
   
(191
)
   
(191
)
Other items to reconcile core earnings
   (loss) to net income (loss) attributed to
   shareholders 
                                                             
Direct impact of equity markets and
   interest rates and variable annuity
   guarantee liabilities 
 
(53
)
   
9
     
(298
)
   
175
     
34
     
284
     
(46
)
   
209
 
Changes in actuarial methods and
   assumptions 
 
-
     
-
     
(10
)
   
(455
)
   
-
     
12
     
(97
)
   
(285
)
Integration and acquisition costs
   
-
     
1
     
(2
)
   
(3
)
   
(1
)
   
(2
)
   
(11
)
   
(5
)
Tax-related items
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(9
)
   
-
     
-
 
Other items
   
-
     
-
     
42
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(37
)
   
-
 
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders(1) 
$
(158
)
 
$
(193
)
 
$
(387
)
 
$
(438
)
 
$
(90
)
 
$
83
   
$
(382
)
 
$
(272
)
(1)
The Corporate and Other segment includes earnings on assets backing capital net of amounts allocated to operating divisions. The 2015 earnings on assets backing capital allocated to each operating segment have been restated to align with the methodology used in 2016.
Core return on common shareholders' equity ("core ROE") is a non-GAAP profitability measure that presents core earnings available to common shareholders as a percentage of the capital deployed to earn the core earnings. The Company calculates core ROE using average common shareholders' equity.
Diluted core earnings per common share is core earnings available to common shareholders expressed per diluted weighted average common share outstanding.
The Company also uses financial performance measures that are prepared on a constant currency basis, which are non-GAAP measures that exclude the impact of currency fluctuations (from local currency to Canadian dollars at a total company level and from local currency to U.S. dollars in Asia). Quarterly amounts stated on a constant currency basis in this MD&A are calculated, as appropriate, using the income statement and balance sheet exchange rates effective for 2Q17. Measures that are reported on a constant currency basis include percentage growth in sales, gross flows and assets under management and administration.
Premiums and deposits is a non-GAAP measure of top line growth. The Company calculates premiums and deposits as the aggregate of (i) general fund premiums, net of reinsurance, reported as premiums on the Consolidated Statements of Income and investment contract deposits, (ii) segregated fund deposits, excluding seed money ("deposits from policyholders"), (iii) mutual fund deposits, (iv) deposits into institutional advisory accounts, (v) premium equivalents for "administration services only" group benefit contracts ("ASO premium equivalents"), (vi) premiums in the Canadian Group Benefits reinsurance ceded agreement, and (vii) other deposits in other managed funds.

Premiums and deposits
 
Quarterly Results
 
($ millions)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
2Q16
 
Net premium income and investment contract deposits
 
$
7,014
   
$
7,072
   
$
6,773
 
Deposits from policyholders
   
7,887
     
8,973
     
7,376
 
Mutual fund deposits
   
19,749
     
21,048
     
16,285
 
Institutional advisory account deposits
   
4,447
     
4,011
     
3,864
 
ASO premium equivalents
   
884
     
841
     
869
 
Group Benefits ceded premiums
   
1,054
     
1,038
     
1,506
 
Other fund deposits
   
126
     
136
     
126
 
Total premiums and deposits
   
41,161
     
43,119
     
36,799
 
Currency impact
   
-
     
606
     
1,020
 
Constant currency premiums and deposits
 
$
41,161
   
$
43,725
   
$
37,819
 

Assets under management and administration ("AUMA") is a non-GAAP measure of the size of the Company. It is comprised of the non-GAAP measures assets under management ("AUM"), which includes both assets of general account
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
34

and external client assets for which we provide investment management services, and assets under administration ("AUA"), which includes assets for which we provide administrative services only. Assets under management and administration is a common industry metric for WAM businesses.

Assets under management and administration
                 
As at
                 
($ millions)
 
June 30, 2017
   
March 31, 2017
   
June 30, 2016
 
Total invested assets
 
$
329,296
   
$
328,237
   
$
321,664
 
Segregated funds net assets
   
321,267
     
323,118
     
303,154
 
Assets under management per financial statements
   
650,563
     
651,355
     
624,818
 
Mutual funds
   
182,160
     
177,286
     
153,851
 
Institutional advisory accounts (excluding segregated funds)
   
86,916
     
84,498
     
74,675
 
Other funds
   
7,094
     
6,929
     
6,008
 
Total assets under management
   
926,733
     
920,068
     
859,352
 
Other assets under administration
   
85,127
     
84,676
     
74,868
 
Currency impact
   
-
     
(16,997
)
   
(4,929
)
Constant currency assets under management and administration
 
$
1,011,860
   
$
987,747
   
$
929,291
 


Capital The definition we use for capital, a non-GAAP measure, serves as a foundation of our capital management activities at the MFC level. For regulatory reporting purposes, the numbers are further adjusted for various additions or deductions to capital as mandated by the guidelines used by OSFI. Capital is calculated as the sum of (i) total equity excluding accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") on cash flow hedges and (ii) liabilities for preferred shares and capital instruments.

Capital
           
As at
           
($ millions)
June 30, 2017
 
March 31, 2017
 
June 30, 2016
 
Total equity
 
$
44,225
   
$
43,931
   
$
42,383
 
Add AOCI loss on cash flow hedges
   
148
     
177
     
415
 
Add liabilities for capital instruments
   
7,630
     
8,179
     
8,132
 
Total capital
 
$
52,003
   
$
52,287
   
$
50,930
 

Core EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure which Manulife uses to better understand the long-term earnings capacity and valuation of the business on a basis more comparable to how the profitability of global asset managers are generally measured. Core EBITDA presents core earnings before the impact of interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. Core EBITDA excludes certain acquisition expenses related to insurance contracts in our retirement businesses which are deferred and amortized over the expected life time of the customer relationship under the Canadian Asset Liability Method (CALM). Core EBITDA was selected as a key performance indicator for WAM businesses, as EBITDA is widely used among asset management peers, and core earnings is a primary profitability metric for the Company overall.
Core EBITDA margin is a non-GAAP measure which Manulife uses to better understand the long-term profitability of our global wealth and asset management business on a more comparable basis to how profitability of global asset managers are measured. Core EBITDA margin presents core earnings before the impact of interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization divided by total revenue from these businesses. Core EBITDA margin was selected as a key performance indicator for our WAM businesses, as EBITDA margin is widely used among asset management peers, and core earnings is a primary profitability metric for the Company overall.
Wealth and Asset Management
   
Quarterly Results
 
($ millions, unaudited)
   
2Q17
     
1Q17
     
4Q16
     
3Q16
     
2Q16
     
1Q16
     
4Q15
     
3Q15
 
Core EBITDA
 
$
369
   
$
335
   
$
306
   
$
288
   
$
288
   
$
285
   
$
302
   
$
312
 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and other depreciation
   
88
     
85
     
85
     
89
     
77
     
85
     
84
     
84
 
Amortization of deferred sales commissions
   
23
     
28
     
24
     
24
     
26
     
29
     
22
     
27
 
Core earnings before income taxes
   
258
     
222
     
197
     
175
     
185
     
171
     
196
     
201
 
Core income tax (expense) recovery
   
(51
)
   
(40
)
   
(19
)
   
(16
)
   
(33
)
   
(31
)
   
(41
)
   
(34
)
Core earnings
 
$
207
   
$
182
   
$
178
   
$
159
   
$
152
   
$
140
   
$
155
   
$
167
 

 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
35

Embedded value ("EV") is a measure of the present value of shareholders' interests in the expected future distributable earnings on in-force business reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position of Manulife, excluding any value associated with future new business. EV is calculated as the sum of the adjusted net worth and the value of in-force business. The adjusted net worth is the IFRS shareholders' equity adjusted for goodwill and intangibles, fair value of surplus assets, the carrying value of debt and preferred shares, and local statutory balance sheet, regulatory reserve, and capital for Manulife's Asian business. The value of in-force business in Canada and the U.S. is the present value of expected future IFRS earnings on in-force business less the present value of the cost of holding capital to support the in-force business under the MCCSR framework. The value of in-force business in Asia reflects local statutory earnings and capital requirements. The value of in-force excludes Manulife's WAM, Bank and Property and Casualty Reinsurance businesses.
New business value ("NBV") is the change in embedded value as a result of sales in the reporting period. NBV is calculated as the present value of shareholders' interests in expected future distributable earnings, after the cost of capital, on actual new business sold in the period using assumptions that are consistent with the assumptions used in the calculation of embedded value. NBV excludes businesses with immaterial insurance risks, such as Manulife's wealth and asset management businesses and Manulife Bank and the short-term Property and Casualty Reinsurance business. NBV is a useful metric to evaluate the value created by the Company's new business franchise.
New business value margin is calculated as NBV divided by annualized premium equivalents ("APE") excluding non-controlling interests. APE is calculated as 100% of annualized first year premiums for recurring premium products, and as 10% of single premiums for single premium products. Both NBV and APE used in the NBV margin calculation are after non-controlling interests and exclude wealth and asset management, Manulife Bank and Property and Casualty Reinsurance businesses. The NBV margin is a useful metric to help understand the profitability of our new business.
Sales are measured according to product type:
For individual insurance, sales include 100% of new annualized premiums and 10% of both excess and single premiums. For individual insurance, new annualized premiums reflect the annualized premium expected in the first year of a policy that requires premium payments for more than one year. Single premium is the lump sum premium from the sale of a single premium product, e.g. travel insurance. Sales are reported gross before the impact of reinsurance. As we discontinued sales of new retail stand-alone long-term care policies in the U.S. in 4Q16, commencing in 1Q17, stand-alone long-term care premiums are not included in sales.
For group insurance, sales include new annualized premiums and administrative services only premium equivalents on new cases, as well as the addition of new coverages and amendments to contracts, excluding rate increases.
For Asia, annualized premium equivalent ("APE") sales is comprised of 100% of regular premiums/deposits and 10% of single premiums/deposits for both insurance and other wealth products. APE sales are presented for our Asia division as this metric is widely used by insurance companies in Asia.
Other Wealth sales include all new deposits into variable and fixed annuity contracts. As we discontinued sales of new Variable Annuity contracts in the U.S. in 1Q13, subsequent deposits into existing U.S. Variable Annuity contracts are not reported as sales. Asia variable annuity deposits are included in APE sales.
Bank new lending volumes include bank loans and mortgages authorized in the period.
Gross flows is a new business measure presented for WAM businesses and includes all deposits into the Company's mutual funds, college savings 529 plans, group pension/retirement savings products, private wealth and institutional asset management products. Gross flows is a common industry metric for WAM businesses as it provides a measure of how successful the businesses are at attracting assets.
Net flows is presented for our WAM businesses and includes gross flows less redemptions for our mutual funds, college savings 529 plans, group pension/retirement savings products, private wealth and institutional asset management products. Net flows is a common industry metric for WAM businesses as it provides a measure of how successful the businesses are at attracting and retaining assets.
G4
Caution regarding forward-looking statements
From time to time, MFC makes written and/or oral forward-looking statements, including in this document. In addition, our representatives may make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, the media and others. All such statements are made pursuant to the "safe harbour" provisions of Canadian provincial securities laws and the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
36

The forward-looking statements in this document include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to the estimated impact of the annual review of actuarial methods and assumptions and the expected impact of IFRS 17 "Insurance Contracts".
The forward-looking statements in this document also relate to, among other things, our objectives, goals, strategies, intentions, plans, beliefs, expectations and estimates, and can generally be identified by the use of words such as "may", "will", "could", "should", "would", "likely", "suspect", "outlook", "expect", "intend", "estimate", "anticipate", "believe", "plan", "forecast", "objective", "seek", "aim", "continue", "goal", "restore", "embark" and "endeavour" (or the negative thereof) and words and expressions of similar import, and include statements concerning possible or assumed future results. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, such statements involve risks and uncertainties, and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements and they should not be interpreted as confirming market or analysts' expectations in any way.
Certain material factors or assumptions are applied in making forward-looking statements and actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations include but are not limited to: general business and economic conditions (including but not limited to the performance, volatility and correlation of equity markets, interest rates, credit and swap spreads, currency rates, investment losses and defaults, market liquidity and creditworthiness of guarantors, reinsurers and counterparties); changes in laws and regulations; changes in accounting standards applicable in any of the territories in which we operate; changes in regulatory capital requirements; our ability to execute strategic plans and changes to strategic plans; downgrades in our financial strength or credit ratings; our ability to maintain our reputation; impairments of goodwill or intangible assets or the establishment of provisions against future tax assets; the accuracy of estimates relating to morbidity, mortality and policyholder behaviour; the accuracy of other estimates used in applying accounting policies, actuarial methods and embedded value methods; our ability to implement effective hedging strategies and unforeseen consequences arising from such strategies; our ability to source appropriate assets to back our long-dated liabilities; level of competition and consolidation; our ability to market and distribute products through current and future distribution channels; unforeseen liabilities or asset impairments arising from acquisitions and dispositions of businesses; the realization of losses arising from the sale of investments classified as available-for-sale; our liquidity, including the availability of financing to satisfy existing financial liabilities on expected maturity dates when required; obligations to pledge additional collateral; the availability of letters of credit to provide capital management flexibility; accuracy of information received from counterparties and the ability of counterparties to meet their obligations; the availability, affordability and adequacy of reinsurance; legal and regulatory proceedings, including tax audits, tax litigation or similar proceedings; our ability to adapt products and services to the changing market; our ability to attract and retain key executives, employees and agents; the appropriate use and interpretation of complex models or deficiencies in models used; political, legal, operational and other risks associated with our non-North American operations; acquisitions and our ability to complete acquisitions including the availability of equity and debt financing for this purpose; the failure to realize some or all of the expected benefits of acquisitions; the disruption of or changes to key elements of the Company's or public infrastructure systems; environmental concerns; our ability to protect our intellectual property and exposure to claims of infringement; and our inability to withdraw cash from subsidiaries.
Additional information about material risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations and about material factors or assumptions applied in making forward-looking statements may be found in this document under "Risk Management and Risk Factors Update" and "Critical Accounting and Actuarial Policies", under "Risk Management", "Risk Factors" and "Critical Accounting and Actuarial Policies" in the Management's Discussion and Analysis in our most recent annual report and in the "Risk Management" note to the consolidated financial statements in our most recent annual and interim reports as well as elsewhere in our filings with Canadian and U.S. securities regulators. The forward-looking statements in this document are, unless otherwise indicated, stated as of the date hereof and are presented for the purpose of assisting investors and others in understanding our financial position and results of operations, our future operations, as well as our objectives and strategic priorities, and may not be appropriate for other purposes. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.
 
 
 
 
 
 


Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
37


Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
As at
           
(Canadian $ in millions, unaudited)
 
June 30, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
Assets
           
Cash and short-term securities
 
$
15,866
   
$
15,151
 
Debt securities
   
172,103
     
168,622
 
Public equities
   
20,741
     
19,496
 
Mortgages
   
44,700
     
44,193
 
Private placements
   
31,125
     
29,729
 
Policy loans
   
5,907
     
6,041
 
Loans to bank clients
   
1,727
     
1,745
 
Real estate
   
14,102
     
14,132
 
Other invested assets
   
23,025
     
22,760
 
Total invested assets (note 3)
   
329,296
     
321,869
 
Other assets
               
Accrued investment income
   
2,147
     
2,260
 
Outstanding premiums
   
843
     
845
 
Derivatives (note 4)
   
18,088
     
23,672
 
Reinsurance assets
   
31,446
     
34,952
 
Deferred tax assets
   
4,555
     
4,439
 
Goodwill and intangible assets
   
9,998
     
10,107
 
Miscellaneous
   
8,106
     
7,360
 
Total other assets
   
75,183
     
83,635
 
Segregated funds net assets (note 13)
   
321,267
     
315,177
 
Total assets
 
$
725,746
   
$
720,681
 
Liabilities and Equity
               
Liabilities
               
Insurance contract liabilities (note 5)
 
$
298,839
   
$
297,505
 
Investment contract liabilities (note 5)
   
3,195
     
3,275
 
Deposits from bank clients
   
18,238
     
17,919
 
Derivatives (note 4)
   
10,009
     
14,151
 
Deferred tax liabilities
   
1,991
     
1,359
 
Other liabilities
   
14,811
     
15,596
 
     
347,083
     
349,805
 
Long-term debt (note 7)
   
5,541
     
5,696
 
Capital instruments (note 8)
   
7,630
     
7,180
 
Segregated funds net liabilities (note 13)
   
321,267
     
315,177
 
Total liabilities
   
681,521
     
677,858
 
Equity
               
Preferred shares (note 9)
   
3,577
     
3,577
 
Common shares (note 9)
   
22,904
     
22,865
 
Contributed surplus
   
287
     
284
 
Shareholders' retained earnings
   
11,475
     
9,759
 
Shareholders' accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
               
Pension and other post-employment plans
   
(411
)
   
(417
)
Available-for-sale securities
   
49
     
(394
)
Cash flow hedges
   
(148
)
   
(232
)
Translation of foreign operations and real estate revaluation surplus
   
5,406
     
6,390
 
Total shareholders' equity
   
43,139
     
41,832
 
Participating policyholders' equity
   
233
     
248
 
Non-controlling interests
   
853
     
743
 
Total equity
   
44,225
     
42,823
 
Total liabilities and equity
 
$
725,746
   
$
720,681
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
                 
 
           
Donald A. Guloien
 
Richard B. DeWolfe
 
Chief Executive Officer
 
Chairman of the Board of Directors
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

38

 

Consolidated Statements of Income
               
             
For the
 
three months ended June 30,
   
six months ended June 30,
 
(Canadian $ in millions except per share amounts, unaudited)
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Revenue
                       
Premium income
                       
Gross premiums
 
$
9,030
   
$
9,155
   
$
18,115
   
$
18,273
 
Premiums ceded to reinsurers
   
(2,056
)
   
(2,449
)
   
(4,091
)
   
(4,839
)
Net premiums
   
6,974
     
6,706
     
14,024
     
13,434
 
Investment income (note 3)
                               
Investment income
   
3,444
     
3,213
     
6,761
     
6,513
 
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on assets supporting
   insurance and investment contract liabilities and on the
   macro hedge program
   
3,303
     
7,922
     
3,893
     
16,784
 
Net investment income
   
6,747
     
11,135
     
10,654
     
23,297
 
Other revenue
   
2,872
     
2,794
     
5,465
     
5,623
 
Total revenue
   
16,593
     
20,635
     
30,143
     
42,354
 
Contract benefits and expenses
                               
To contract holders and beneficiaries
                               
Gross claims and benefits (note 5)
   
6,525
     
6,112
     
13,128
     
12,610
 
Change in insurance contract liabilities
   
6,113
     
12,107
     
7,564
     
24,265
 
Change in investment contract liabilities
   
41
     
(2
)
   
95
     
(59
)
Benefits and expenses ceded to reinsurers
   
(2,218
)
   
(2,069
)
   
(4,370
)
   
(4,125
)
Change in reinsurance assets
   
467
     
(313
)
   
2,257
     
(184
)
Net benefits and claims
   
10,928
     
15,835
     
18,674
     
32,507
 
General expenses
   
1,785
     
1,690
     
3,492
     
3,327
 
Investment expenses
   
398
     
409
     
789
     
794
 
Commissions
   
1,491
     
1,394
     
3,115
     
2,775
 
Interest expense
   
279
     
258
     
538
     
459
 
Net premium taxes
   
94
     
102
     
180
     
192
 
Total contract benefits and expenses
   
14,975
     
19,688
     
26,788
     
40,054
 
Income before income taxes
   
1,618
     
947
     
3,355
     
2,300
 
Income tax expense
   
(304
)
   
(231
)
   
(650
)
   
(529
)
Net income
 
$
1,314
   
$
716
   
$
2,705
   
$
1,771
 
Net income (loss) attributed to:
                               
Non-controlling interests
 
$
61
   
$
27
   
$
115
   
$
53
 
Participating policyholders
   
(2
)
   
(15
)
   
(15
)
   
(31
)
Shareholders
   
1,255
     
704
     
2,605
     
1,749
 
   
$
1,314
   
$
716
   
$
2,705
   
$
1,771
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
 
$
1,255
   
$
704
   
$
2,605
   
$
1,749
 
Preferred share dividends
   
(39
)
   
(37
)
   
(80
)
   
(66
)
Common shareholders' net income
 
$
1,216
   
$
667
   
$
2,525
   
$
1,683
 
Earnings per share
                               
       Basic earnings per common share (note 9)
 
$
0.62
   
$
0.34
   
$
1.28
   
$
0.85
 
       Diluted earnings per common share (note 9)
   
0.61
     
0.34
     
1.27
     
0.85
 
Dividends per common share
   
0.205
     
0.185
     
0.410
     
0.370
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
 




 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

39


 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
 
For the
 
three months ended June 30,
   
six months ended June 30,
 
(Canadian $ in millions, unaudited)
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Net income
 
$
1,314
   
$
716
   
$
2,705
   
$
1,771
 
Other comprehensive income ("OCI") (loss), net of tax
                               
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to net income:
                               
Foreign exchange gains (losses) on:
                               
Translation of foreign operations
   
(987
)
   
332
     
(1,064
)
   
(1,600
)
Net investment hedges
   
131
     
2
     
80
     
208
 
 Available-for-sale financial securities:
                               
Unrealized gains arising during the period
   
233
     
444
     
430
     
799
 
Reclassification of net realized (gains) losses and impairments to net income
   
4
     
(40
)
   
12
     
(287
)
Cash flow hedges:
                               
Unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period
   
26
     
(37
)
   
79
     
(156
)
Reclassification of realized losses to net income
   
3
     
2
     
5
     
5
 
Share of other comprehensive income of associates
   
-
     
1
     
1
     
-
 
Total items that may be subsequently reclassified to net income
   
(590
)
   
704
     
(457
)
   
(1,031
)
Items that will not be reclassified to net income:
                               
Change in pension and other post-employment plans
   
5
     
(1
)
   
6
     
17
 
Total items that will not be reclassified to net income
   
5
     
(1
)
   
6
     
17
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
   
(585
)
   
703
     
(451
)
   
(1,014
)
Total comprehensive income, net of tax
 
$
729
   
$
1,419
   
$
2,254
   
$
757
 
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributed to:
                               
Non-controlling interests
 
$
61
   
$
28
   
$
115
   
$
54
 
Participating policyholders
   
(2
)
   
(15
)
   
(15
)
   
(31
)
Shareholders
   
670
     
1,406
     
2,154
     
734
 



Income Taxes included in Other Comprehensive Income 
 
For the
 
three months ended June 30,
   
six months ended June 30,
 
(Canadian $ in millions, unaudited)
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Income tax expense (recovery) on:
                       
Unrealized foreign exchange gains/losses on translation of foreign operations
 
$
(1
)
 
$
-
   
$
(1
)
 
$
(2
)
Unrealized foreign exchange gains/losses on net investment hedges
   
25
     
(2
)
   
11
     
73
 
Unrealized gains/losses on available-for-sale financial securities
   
76
     
173
     
137
     
343
 
Reclassification of realized gains/losses and recoveries/impairments to
       net income on available-for-sale financial securities
   
12
     
(15
)
   
16
     
(104
)
Unrealized gains/losses on cash flow hedges
   
7
     
(19
)
   
30
     
(63
)
Reclassification of realized gains/losses to net income on cash flow hedges
   
1
     
1
     
3
     
3
 
Change in pension and other post-employment plans
   
2
     
(1
)
   
3
     
9
 
Total income tax expense
 
$
122
   
$
137
   
$
199
   
$
259
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
                 

 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

40


 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity      
 
For the six months ended June 30,
           
(Canadian $ in millions, unaudited)
 
2017
   
2016
 
Preferred shares
           
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
3,577
   
$
2,693
 
Issued during the period (note 9)
   
-
     
425
 
Issuance costs, net of tax
   
-
     
(8
)
Balance, end of period
   
3,577
     
3,110
 
Common shares
               
Balance, beginning of period
   
22,865
     
22,799
 
Issued on exercise of stock options
   
39
     
16
 
Balance, end of period
   
22,904
     
22,815
 
Contributed surplus
               
Balance, beginning of period
   
284
     
277
 
Exercise of stock options and deferred share units
   
(7
)
   
(3
)
Stock option expense
   
10
     
13
 
Balance, end of period
   
287
     
287
 
Shareholders' retained earnings
               
Balance, beginning of period
   
9,759
     
8,398
 
Net income attributed to shareholders
   
2,605
     
1,749
 
Preferred share dividends
   
(80
)
   
(66
)
Common share dividends
   
(809
)
   
(704
)
Balance, end of period
   
11,475
     
9,377
 
Shareholders' accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI")
               
Balance, beginning of period
   
5,347
     
6,992
 
Change in actuarial gains (losses) on pension and other post-employment plans
   
6
     
17
 
Change in unrealized foreign exchange gains (losses) of net foreign operations
   
(984
)
   
(1,392
)
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale financial securities
   
442
     
511
 
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges
   
84
     
(151
)
Share of other comprehensive income of associates
   
1
     
-
 
Balance, end of period
   
4,896
     
5,977
 
Total shareholders' equity, end of period
   
43,139
     
41,566
 
Participating policyholders' equity
               
Balance, beginning of period
   
248
     
187
 
Net loss attributed to participating policyholders
   
(15
)
   
(31
)
Balance, end of period
   
233
     
156
 
Non-controlling interests
               
Balance, beginning of period
   
743
     
592
 
Net income attributed to non-controlling interests
   
115
     
53
 
Other comprehensive income attributed to non-controlling interests
   
-
     
1
 
Contributions (distributions), net
   
(5
)
   
15
 
Balance, end of period
   
853
     
661
 
Total equity, end of period
 
$
44,225
   
$
42,383
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

41




Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows  
 
For the six months ended June 30,
           
(Canadian $ in millions, unaudited)
 
2017
   
2016
 
Operating activities
           
Net income
 
$
2,705
   
$
1,771
 
Adjustments:
               
Increase in insurance contract liabilities
   
7,564
     
24,265
 
Increase (decrease) in investment contract liabilities
   
95
     
(59
)
(Increase) decrease in reinsurance assets
   
2,257
     
(184
)
Amortization of (premium) discount on invested assets
   
76
     
37
 
Other amortization
   
265
     
267
 
Net realized and unrealized (gains) losses and impairments on assets
   
(4,744
)
   
(18,722
)
Deferred income tax expense
   
565
     
523
 
Stock option expense
   
10
     
13
 
Cash provided by operating activities before undernoted item
   
8,793
     
7,911
 
Changes in policy related and operating receivables and payables
   
(737
)
   
(936
)
Cash provided by operating activities
   
8,056
     
6,975
 
Investing activities
               
Purchases and mortgage advances
   
(43,866
)
   
(50,303
)
Disposals and repayments
   
36,462
     
41,625
 
Change in investment broker net receivables and payables
   
166
     
150
 
Net cash decrease from purchase of subsidiaries and businesses
   
(10
)
   
(89
)
Cash used in investing activities
   
(7,248
)
   
(8,617
)
Financing activities
               
Increase in repurchase agreements and securities sold but not yet purchased
   
1
     
652
 
Issue of long-term debt, net (note 7)
   
-
     
3,538
 
Redemption of long-term debt (note 7)
   
-
     
(8
)
Issue of capital instruments, net (note 8)
   
994
     
479
 
Redemption of capital instruments (note 8)
   
(499
)
   
-
 
Secured borrowing from securitization transactions
   
441
     
548
 
Changes in deposits from Bank clients, net
   
342
     
503
 
Shareholders' dividends paid in cash
   
(889
)
   
(795
)
Contributions from (distribution to) non-controlling interests, net
   
(5
)
   
15
 
Common shares issued, net (note 9)
   
39
     
16
 
Preferred shares issued, net (note 9)
   
-
     
417
 
Cash provided by financing activities
   
424
     
5,365
 
Cash and short-term securities
               
Increase  during the period
   
1,232
     
3,723
 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and short-term securities
   
(310
)
   
(511
)
Balance, beginning of period
   
14,238
     
17,002
 
Balance, end of period
   
15,160
     
20,214
 
Cash and short-term securities
               
Beginning of period
               
Gross cash and short-term securities
   
15,151
     
17,885
 
Net payments in transit, included in other liabilities
   
(913
)
   
(883
)
Net cash and short-term securities, beginning of period
   
14,238
     
17,002
 
End of period
               
Gross cash and short-term securities
   
15,866
     
20,902
 
Net payments in transit, included in other liabilities
   
(706
)
   
(688
)
Net cash and short-term securities, end of period
 
$
15,160
   
$
20,214
 
Supplemental disclosures on cash flow information
               
Interest received
 
$
5,327
   
$
5,321
 
Interest paid
   
539
     
448
 
Income taxes paid
   
336
     
501
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
 

 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

42


CONDENSED NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Canadian $ in millions except per share amounts or unless otherwise stated, unaudited)
Note 1 Nature of Operations and Significant Accounting Policies

Manulife Financial Corporation ("MFC") is a publicly traded company and the holding company of The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company ("MLI"), a Canadian life insurance company, and John Hancock Reassurance Company Ltd. ("JHRECO"), a Bermudian reinsurance company. MFC and its subsidiaries (collectively, "Manulife" or the "Company") is a leading financial services group with principal operations in Asia, Canada and the United States. Manulife's international network of employees, agents and distribution partners offers financial protection and wealth management products and services to personal and business clients as well as asset management services to institutional customers. The Company operates as Manulife in Canada and Asia and as John Hancock in the United States.
These Interim Consolidated Financial Statements and condensed notes have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard ("IAS") 34 "Interim Financial Reporting" as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB"), using accounting policies which are consistent with those used in the Company's 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements, except as disclosed in current year Interim Consolidated Financial Statements Accounting and Reporting Changes notes.
These Interim Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2016, included on pages 107 to 184 of the Company's 2016 Annual Report, as well as the disclosures on risk in the shaded area of sections E1 to E5 of the second quarter 2017 Management Discussion and Analysis. These risk disclosures are considered an integral part of these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
These Interim Consolidated Financial Statements as at and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 were authorized for issue by MFC's Board of Directors on August 9, 2017.
 
Note 2 Accounting and Reporting Changes
Future accounting and reporting changes
(i)
IFRS Interpretation Committee ("IFRIC") Interpretation 23 "Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments"
IFRIC 23 "Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments" was issued in June 2017 and is effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2019, to be applied retrospectively. IFRIC 23 provides guidance on applying the recognition and measurement requirements in IAS 12 when there is uncertainty over income tax treatments including whether uncertain tax treatments should be considered together or separately based on which approach better predicts resolution of the uncertainty. Adoption of IFRIC 23 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
(ii)
IFRS 17 "Insurance Contracts"
IFRS 17 "Insurance Contracts" was issued in May 2017 and is effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2021, to be applied retrospectively.   If full retrospective application to a group of contracts is impractical, the modified retrospective or fair value methods may be used. IFRS 17 will replace IFRS 4 "Insurance Contracts" and will change the fundamental principles used by the Company for recognizing and measuring insurance contract liabilities. It will also change the presentation and disclosures of the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company is assessing the impact of this standard and expects that it will have a significant impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

43



Note 3 Invested Assets and Investment Income

(a)
Carrying values and fair values of invested assets

As at June 30, 2017
FVTPL(1)
 
AFS(2)
 
Other(3)
 
Total carrying
value
 
Total fair value
 
Cash and short-term securities(4)
 
$
482
   
$
11,648
   
$
3,736
   
$
15,866
   
$
15,866
 
Debt securities(5)
                                       
Canadian government and agency
   
18,774
     
5,658
     
-
     
24,432
     
24,432
 
U.S. government and agency
   
12,055
     
13,657
     
-
     
25,712
     
25,712
 
Other government and agency
   
17,926
     
2,546
     
-
     
20,472
     
20,472
 
Corporate
   
92,856
     
5,433
     
-
     
98,289
     
98,289
 
Mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
2,920
     
278
     
-
     
3,198
     
3,198
 
Public equities
   
17,315
     
3,426
     
-
     
20,741
     
20,741
 
Mortgages
   
-
     
-
     
44,700
     
44,700
     
46,305
 
Private placements
   
-
     
-
     
31,125
     
31,125
     
33,436
 
Policy loans
   
-
     
-
     
5,907
     
5,907
     
5,907
 
Loans to Bank clients
   
-
     
-
     
1,727
     
1,727
     
1,730
 
Real estate
                                       
Own use property
   
-
     
-
     
1,354
     
1,354
     
2,505
 
Investment property
   
-
     
-
     
12,748
     
12,748
     
12,748
 
Other invested assets
                                       
Alternative long-duration assets(6)
   
10,839
     
94
     
8,280
     
19,213
     
19,530
 
Various other
   
146
     
-
     
3,666
     
3,812
     
3,813
 
Total invested assets
 
$
173,313
   
$
42,740
   
$
113,243
   
$
329,296
   
$
334,684
 
 
As at December 31, 2016
FVTPL(1)
 
AFS(2)
 
Other(3)
 
 
Total carrying
value
 
Total fair value
 
Cash and short-term securities(4)
 
$
269
   
$
11,705
   
$
3,177
   
$
15,151
   
$
15,151
 
Debt securities(5)
                                       
Canadian government and agency
   
18,030
     
6,715
     
-
     
24,745
     
24,745
 
U.S. government and agency
   
13,971
     
13,333
     
-
     
27,304
     
27,304
 
Other government and agency
   
18,629
     
2,312
     
-
     
20,941
     
20,941
 
Corporate
   
87,374
     
5,041
     
-
     
92,415
     
92,415
 
Mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
2,886
     
331
     
-
     
3,217
     
3,217
 
Public equities
   
16,531
     
2,965
     
-
     
19,496
     
19,496
 
Mortgages
   
-
     
-
     
44,193
     
44,193
     
45,665
 
Private placements
   
-
     
-
     
29,729
     
29,729
     
31,459
 
Policy loans
   
-
     
-
     
6,041
     
6,041
     
6,041
 
Loans to Bank clients
   
-
     
-
     
1,745
     
1,745
     
1,746
 
Real estate
                                       
Own use property
   
-
     
-
     
1,376
     
1,376
     
2,524
 
Investment property
   
-
     
-
     
12,756
     
12,756
     
12,756
 
Other invested assets
                                       
Alternative long-duration assets(6)
   
10,707
     
96
     
8,048
     
18,851
     
19,193
 
Various other
   
164
     
-
     
3,745
     
3,909
     
3,910
 
Total invested assets
 
$
168,561
   
$
42,498
   
$
110,810
   
$
321,869
   
$
326,563
 


(1)
The FVTPL classification was elected for securities backing insurance contract liabilities in order to substantially reduce any accounting mismatch arising from changes in the value of these assets and changes in the value of the related insurance contract liabilities. There would otherwise be a mismatch if the available-for-sale ("AFS") classification was selected because changes in insurance contract liabilities are recognized in net income rather than in OCI.
(2)
Securities that are designated as AFS are not actively traded by the Company but sales do occur as circumstances warrant. Such sales result in a reclassification of any accumulated unrealized gain (loss) in AOCI to net income as a realized gain (loss).
(3)
Primarily includes assets classified as loans and carried at amortized cost, own use property, investment property, equity method accounted investments, oil and gas investments, and leveraged leases.
(4)
Includes short-term securities with maturities of less than one year at acquisition amounting to $3,636 (December 31, 2016 – $3,111), cash equivalents with maturities of less than 90 days at acquisition amounting to $8,493 (December 31, 2016 – $8,863) and cash of $3,737 (December 31, 2016 - $3,177).
(5)
Debt securities include securities which were acquired with maturities of less than one year and less than 90 days of $1,009 and $7, respectively (December 31, 2016 – $893 and $192, respectively).
(6)
Includes investments in private equity of $4,833, power and infrastructure of $6,513, oil and gas of $2,191, timber and agriculture sectors of $5,144 and various other invested assets of $532 (December 31, 2016 – $4,619, $6,679, $2,093, $4,972 and $488, respectively).
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

44


(b)
Investment income

   
three months ended
   
six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
For the
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Interest income
 
$
2,724
   
$
2,565
   
$
5,343
   
$
5,223
 
Dividend, rental and other income
   
686
     
537
     
1,277
     
961
 
Net recoveries (impairments and provisions)
   
4
     
(16
)
   
3
     
(147
)
Other
   
30
     
127
     
138
     
476
 
     
3,444
     
3,213
     
6,761
     
6,513
 
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on assets supporting insurance and
   investment contract liabilities and on the macro equity hedging program
                               
        Debt securities
   
2,311
     
4,617
     
2,859
     
8,596
 
        Public equities
   
245
     
205
     
947
     
203
 
        Mortgages
   
10
     
16
     
18
     
43
 
        Private placements
   
44
     
(69
)
   
9
     
(94
)
        Real estate
   
131
     
(38
)
   
193
     
(6
)
        Other invested assets
   
100
     
261
     
70
     
222
 
        Derivatives, including macro equity hedging program
   
462
     
2,930
     
(203
)
   
7,820
 
     
3,303
     
7,922
     
3,893
     
16,784
 
Total investment income
 
$
6,747
   
$
11,135
   
$
10,654
   
$
23,297
 
 

 
(c)
Fair value measurement
The following tables present the fair value of the Company's invested assets and segregated funds net assets, measured at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and categorized by the fair value hierarchy.

As at June 30, 2017
 
Total fair value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Cash and short-term securities
                       
FVTPL
 
$
482
   
$
-
   
$
482
   
$
-
 
AFS
   
11,648
     
-
     
11,648
     
-
 
Other
   
3,736
     
3,736
     
-
     
-
 
Debt securities
                               
FVTPL
                               
Canadian government and agency
   
18,774
     
-
     
18,774
     
-
 
U.S. government and agency
   
12,055
     
-
     
12,055
     
-
 
Other government and agency
   
17,926
     
-
     
17,679
     
247
 
Corporate
   
92,856
     
2
     
92,180
     
674
 
Residential mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
9
     
-
     
7
     
2
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
668
     
-
     
668
     
-
 
Other securitized assets
   
2,243
     
-
     
2,214
     
29
 
AFS
                               
Canadian government and agency
   
5,658
     
-
     
5,658
     
-
 
U.S. government and agency
   
13,657
     
-
     
13,657
     
-
 
Other government and agency
   
2,546
     
-
     
2,493
     
53
 
Corporate
   
5,433
     
-
     
5,349
     
84
 
Residential mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
53
     
-
     
53
     
-
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
113
     
-
     
113
     
-
 
Other securitized assets
   
112
     
-
     
111
     
1
 
Public equities
                               
FVTPL
   
17,315
     
17,308
     
-
     
7
 
AFS
   
3,426
     
3,424
     
2
     
-
 
Real estate - investment property(1)
   
12,748
     
-
     
-
     
12,748
 
Other invested assets(2)
   
15,113
     
-
     
-
     
15,113
 
Segregated funds net assets(3)
   
321,267
     
282,872
     
34,164
     
4,231
 
Total
 
$
557,838
   
$
307,342
   
$
217,307
   
$
33,189
 

 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

45



As at December 31, 2016
 
Total fair value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Cash and short-term securities
                       
FVTPL
 
$
269
   
$
-
   
$
269
   
$
-
 
AFS
   
11,705
     
-
     
11,705
     
-
 
Other
   
3,177
     
3,177
     
-
     
-
 
Debt securities
                               
FVTPL
                               
Canadian government and agency
   
18,030
     
-
     
18,030
     
-
 
U.S. government and agency
   
13,971
     
-
     
13,971
     
-
 
Other government and agency
   
18,629
     
-
     
18,357
     
272
 
Corporate
   
87,374
     
2
     
86,721
     
651
 
Residential mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
10
     
-
     
8
     
2
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
680
     
-
     
674
     
6
 
Other securitized assets
   
2,196
     
-
     
2,161
     
35
 
AFS
                               
Canadian government and agency
   
6,715
     
-
     
6,715
     
-
 
U.S. government and agency
   
13,333
     
-
     
13,333
     
-
 
Other government and agency
   
2,312
     
-
     
2,261
     
51
 
Corporate
   
5,041
     
-
     
4,967
     
74
 
Residential mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
65
     
-
     
64
     
1
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed securities
   
123
     
-
     
121
     
2
 
Other securitized assets
   
143
     
-
     
141
     
2
 
Public equities
                               
FVTPL
   
16,531
     
16,524
     
-
     
7
 
AFS
   
2,965
     
2,963
     
2
     
-
 
Real estate - investment property(1)
   
12,756
     
-
     
-
     
12,756
 
Other invested assets(2)
   
14,849
     
-
     
-
     
14,849
 
Segregated funds net assets(3)
   
315,177
     
278,066
     
32,537
     
4,574
 
Total
 
$
546,051
   
$
300,732
   
$
212,037
   
$
33,282
 

(1)
For real estate investment property, the significant unobservable inputs are capitalization rates (ranging from 3.50% to 9.00% during the period and ranging from 3.75% to 9.75% during the year 2016) and terminal capitalization rates (ranging from 4.1% to 9.25% during the period and ranging from 4.1% to 10.00% during the year 2016). Holding other factors constant, a lower capitalization or terminal capitalization rate will tend to increase the fair value of an investment property. Changes in fair value based on variations in unobservable inputs generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship between the directional changes of each input is not usually linear.
(2)
Other invested assets measured at fair value are held primarily in the power and infrastructure and timber sectors. The significant inputs used in the valuation of the Company's power and infrastructure investments are primarily future distributable cash flows, terminal values and discount rates. Holding other factors constant, an increase to future distributable cash flows or terminal values would tend to increase the fair value of a power and infrastructure investment, while an increase in the discount rate would have the opposite effect. Discount rates during the period ranged from 9.20% to 15.0% (for the year ended December 31, 2016 – ranged from 9.63% to 16.0%). Disclosure of distributable cash flow and terminal value ranges are not meaningful given the disparity in estimates by project. The significant inputs used in the valuation of the Company's investments in timberland are timber prices and discount rates. Holding other factors constant, an increase to timber prices would tend to increase the fair value of a timberland investment, while an increase in the discount rates would have the opposite effect. Discount rates during the period ranged from 5.0% to 7.5% (for the year ended December 31, 2016 – ranged from 5.0% to 7.5%). A range of prices for timber is not meaningful as the market price depends on factors such as property location and proximity to markets and export yards.
(3)
Segregated funds net assets are measured at fair value. The Company's Level 3 segregated funds assets are predominantly invested in timberland properties valued as described above.
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

46

For invested assets not measured at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, the following tables disclose summarized fair value information categorized by the hierarchy, together with the related carrying values.

As at June 30, 2017
Carrying
value
 
Total fair
value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Mortgages
 
$
44,700
   
$
46,305
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
46,305
 
Private placements
   
31,125
     
33,436
     
-
     
27,581
     
5,855
 
Policy loans
   
5,907
     
5,907
     
-
     
5,907
     
-
 
Loans to Bank clients
   
1,727
     
1,730
     
-
     
1,730
     
-
 
Real estate - own use property
   
1,354
     
2,505
     
-
     
-
     
2,505
 
Other invested assets(1)
   
7,912
     
8,230
     
61
     
-
     
8,169
 
Total invested assets disclosed at fair value
 
$
92,725
   
$
98,113
   
$
61
   
$
35,218
   
$
62,834
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2016
Carrying
value
 
Total fair
value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Mortgages
 
$
44,193
   
$
45,665
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
45,665
 
Private placements
   
29,729
     
31,459
     
-
     
26,073
     
5,386
 
Policy loans
   
6,041
     
6,041
     
-
     
6,041
     
-
 
Loans to Bank clients
   
1,745
     
1,746
     
-
     
1,746
     
-
 
Real estate - own use property
   
1,376
     
2,524
     
-
     
-
     
2,524
 
Other invested assets(1)
   
7,911
     
8,254
     
54
     
-
     
8,200
 
Total invested assets disclosed at fair value
 
$
90,995
   
$
95,689
   
$
54
   
$
33,860
   
$
61,775
 

(1)
Other invested assets disclosed at fair value include $3,317 (December 31, 2016 $3,368) of leveraged leases which are disclosed at their carrying values as fair value is not routinely calculated on these investments.
Transfers between Level 1 and Level 2
The Company's policy is to record transfers of assets and liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 at their fair values as at the end of each reporting period, consistent with the date of the determination of fair value. Assets are transferred out of Level 1 when they are no longer transacted with sufficient frequency and volume in an active market. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company had $nil and $nil transfers from Level 1 to Level 2 (three and six months ended June 30, 2016 – $nil and $nil). Conversely, assets are transferred from Level 2 to Level 1 when transaction volume and frequency are indicative of an active market. The Company also had $nil and $nil transfers from Level 2 to Level 1 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 (three and six months ended June 30, 2016 – $nil and $nil).
For segregated funds net assets, the Company had $nil and $nil transfers from Level 1 to Level 2 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 (three and six months ended June 30, 2016 – $nil and $nil). The Company had $nil and $nil transfers from Level 2 to Level 1 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 (three and six months ended June 30, 2016 – $nil and $nil).
Invested assets and segregated funds net assets measured at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
The Company classifies the fair values of invested assets and segregated funds net assets as Level 3 if there are no observable markets for these assets or, in the absence of active markets, the majority of the inputs used to determine fair value are based on the Company's own assumptions about market participant assumptions. The Company prioritizes the use of market-based inputs over entity-based assumptions in determining Level 3 fair values and, therefore, the gains and losses in the tables below include changes in fair value due to both observable and unobservable factors.
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

47


The following tables present a roll forward of all invested assets and segregated funds net assets measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.

For the three months ended
June 30, 2017
 
Balance as
at April 1,
2017
   
 
Net realized/
unrealized gains
 (losses) included in
 net income(1)
 
Net realized/
unrealized gains
(losses) included in
AOCI(2)
 
Purchases
   
Sales(3)
   
Settlements
   
Transfer
into
Level 3(4)
   
Transfer
out of
Level 3(4)
   
Currency movement
   
Balance as
at June 30, 2017
   
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on assets still held
 
Debt securities
                                                                 
FVTPL
                                                                 
Other government & agency 
$
242
   
$
3
   
$
-
   
$
10
   
$
(9
)
 
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
1
   
$
247
   
$
4
 
Corporate
   
688
     
11
     
-
     
24
     
(8
)
   
(10
)
   
-
     
(21
)
   
(10
)
   
674
     
(2
)
Residential mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
2
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
2
     
(1
)
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Other securitized assets
   
32
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
29
     
-
 
     
964
     
14
     
-
     
34
     
(17
)
   
(11
)
   
-
     
(21
)
   
(11
)
   
952
     
1
 
AFS
                                                                                       
Other government & agency
   
50
     
-
     
1
     
7
     
(5
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
53
     
-
 
Corporate
   
78
     
-
     
-
     
9
     
(3
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
84
     
-
 
Residential mortgage/asset-backed
   securities
 
1
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
-
     
-
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Other securitized assets
   
1
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
1
     
-
 
     
130
     
-
     
1
     
16
     
(8
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
138
     
-
 
Public equities
                                                                                       
FVTPL
   
7
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
7
     
-
 
     
7
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
7
     
-
 
Real estate - investment property
   
12,847
     
109
     
-
     
636
     
(633
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
(211
)
   
12,748
     
100
 
Other invested assets
   
15,344
     
88
     
(2
)
   
495
     
(243
)
   
(231
)
   
-
     
-
     
(338
)
   
15,113
     
(42
)
     
28,191
     
197
     
(2
)
   
1,131
     
(876
)
   
(231
)
   
-
     
-
     
(549
)
   
27,861
     
58
 
Segregated funds net assets
   
4,370
     
1
     
-
     
31
     
(98
)
   
(13
)
   
-
     
-
     
(60
)
   
4,231
     
(26
)
Total
 
$
33,662
   
$
212
   
$
(1
)
 
$
1,212
   
$
(999
)
 
$
(255
)
 
$
-
   
$
(21
)
 
$
(621
)
 
$
33,189
   
$
33
 



For the three months ended
June 30, 2016
 
Balance as
at April 1,
2016
   
Net realized /
unrealized gains
 (losses) included in
net income(1)
   
Net realized /
unrealized gains
 (losses) included in
AOCI(2)
   
Purchases
   
Sales(3)
   
Settlements
   
Transfer
into
Level 3(4)
   
Transfer
out of
Level 3(4)
   
Currency movement
   
Balance as
at June 30, 2016
   
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on assets still held
 
Debt securities
                                                                 
FVTPL
                                                                 
Other government & agency
 
$
318
   
$
2
   
$
-
   
$
3
   
$
(17
)
 
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
(8
)
 
$
298
   
$
1
 
Corporate
   
789
     
7
     
-
     
28
     
(15
)
   
(43
)
   
-
     
-
     
17
     
783
     
(3
)
Residential mortgage/asset-backed
   securities
 
10
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(8
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
2
     
-
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
51
     
1
     
-
     
-
     
(12
)
   
(2
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
38
     
(1
)
Other securitized assets
   
44
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
1
     
43
     
-
 
     
1,212
     
10
     
-
     
31
     
(53
)
   
(46
)
   
-
     
-
     
10
     
1,164
     
(3
)
AFS
                           
 
                                                         
Other government & agency
   
46
     
-
     
-
     
7
     
(4
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
48
     
-
 
Corporate
   
90
     
-
     
-
     
15
     
(20
)
   
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
1
     
85
     
-
 
Residential mortgage/asset-backed
   securities
   
7
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(5
)
   
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
1
     
-
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed
   securities
   
4
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
2
     
-
 
Other securitized assets
   
5
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
4
     
-
 
     
152
     
-
     
-
     
22
     
(29
)
   
(3
)
   
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
140
     
-
 
Public equities
                           
 
                                                         
FVTPL
   
1
     
-
     
-
     
2
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
1
     
4
     
-
 
     
1
     
-
     
-
     
2
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
1
     
4
     
-
 
Real estate - investment property
   
13,561
     
8
     
-
     
55
     
(1,615
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
57
     
12,066
     
55
 
Other invested assets
   
12,582
     
246
     
5
     
546
     
(5
)
   
(192
)
   
-
     
-
     
8
     
13,190
     
264
 
     
26,143
     
254
     
5
     
601
     
(1,620
)
   
(192
)
   
-
     
-
     
65
     
25,256
     
319
 
Segregated funds net assets
   
4,684
     
73
     
-
     
64
     
(53
)
   
(7
)
   
(55
)
   
-
     
8
     
4,714
     
60
 
Total
 
$
32,192
   
$
337
   
$
5
   
$
720
   
$
(1,755
)
 
$
(248
)
 
$
(55
)
 
$
-
   
$
82
   
$
31,278
   
$
376
 


(1)
These amounts, except for the amount related to segregated funds net assets, are included in net investment income on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

48

(2)
These amounts, except for the amount related to segregated funds net assets, are included in AOCI on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
(3)
Sales in 2017 include $619 of U.S. commercial real estate sold to the Hancock US Real Estate Fund, L.P., an associate of the Company which is a structured entity based on partnership voting rights. The Company provides management services to the fund and owns approximately 11.7% of its partnership interests. Sales in 2016 include $1,011 of U.S. commercial real estate sold to the Manulife US Real Estate Investment Trust in Singapore, an associate of the Company which is a structured entity based on unitholder voting rights. The Company provides management services to the trust and owns approximately 9.5% of its equity.
(4)
For assets that are transferred into and/or out of Level 3, the Company uses the fair value of the assets at the beginning of period.

The following tables present a roll forward of all invested assets and segregated funds net assets measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016: 

For the six months ended
June 30, 2017
 
Balance as
at January 1, 2017
   
Net realized / unrealized gains (losses) included in net income(1)
 
Net realized / unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI(2)
 
Purchases
   
Sales(3)
   
Settlements
   
Transfer
into
Level 3(4)
   
Transfer
out of
Level 3(4)
   
Currency movement
   
Balance as
at June 30, 2017
   
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on assets still held
 
Debt securities
                                                                 
FVTPL
                                                                 
Other government & agency
 
$
272
   
$
4
   
$
-
   
$
12
   
$
(37
)
 
$
(6
)
 
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
2
   
$
247
   
$
5
 
Corporate
   
651
     
16
     
-
     
50
     
(25
)
   
(18
)
   
24
     
(21
)
   
(3
)
   
674
     
1
 
Residential mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
2
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
2
     
(1
)
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
6
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(5
)
   
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Other securitized assets
   
35
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(4
)
   
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
29
     
-
 
     
966
     
20
     
-
     
62
     
(67
)
   
(29
)
   
24
     
(21
)
   
(3
)
   
952
     
5
 
AFS
                                                                                       
Other government & agency
   
51
     
-
     
1
     
11
     
(8
)
   
(2
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
53
     
-
 
Corporate
   
74
     
-
     
-
     
17
     
(6
)
   
(2
)
   
-
     
-
     
1
     
84
     
-
 
Residential mortgage/asset-backed
   securities
   
1
     
-
     
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed
   securities
   
2
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Other securitized assets
   
2
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
1
     
-
 
     
130
     
-
     
-
     
28
     
(15
)
   
(5
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
138
     
-
 
Public equities
                                                                                       
FVTPL
   
7
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
7
     
-
 
     
7
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
7
     
-
 
Real estate - investment property
   
12,756
     
165
     
-
     
814
     
(729
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
(258
)
   
12,748
     
151
 
Other invested assets
   
14,849
     
62
     
(1
)
   
1,374
     
(359
)
   
(428
)
   
-
     
-
     
(384
)
   
15,113
     
(80
)
     
27,605
     
227
     
(1
)
   
2,188
     
(1,088
)
   
(428
)
   
-
     
-
     
(642
)
   
27,861
     
71
 
Segregated funds net assets
   
4,574
     
25
     
-
     
51
     
(143
)
   
(14
)
   
-
     
(184
)
   
(78
)
   
4,231
     
(6
)
Total
 
$
33,282
   
$
272
   
$
(1
)
 
$
2,329
   
$
(1,313
)
 
$
(476
)
 
$
24
   
$
(205
)
 
$
(723
)
 
$
33,189
   
$
70
 



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
49


 

For the six months ended
June 30, 2016
 
Balance as
 at January 1, 2016
   
Net realized / unrealized gains (losses) included in net income(1)
 
Net realized / unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI(2)
 
Purchases
   
Sales(3)
   
Settlements
   
Transfer
into
Level 3(4)
   
Transfer
out of
Level 3(4)
   
Currency movement
   
Balance as at June 30, 2016
   
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on assets still held
 
Debt securities
                                                                 
FVTPL
                                                                 
Other government & agency
 
$
310
   
$
12
   
$
-
   
$
5
   
$
(23
)
 
$
(4
)
 
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
(2
)
 
$
298
   
$
11
 
Corporate
   
903
     
7
     
-
     
63
     
(71
)
   
(47
)
   
-
     
(83
)
   
11
     
783
     
(4
)
Residential mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
15
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(11
)
   
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
2
     
-
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
70
     
1
     
-
     
-
     
(26
)
   
(3
)
   
-
     
-
     
(4
)
   
38
     
(3
)
Other securitized assets
   
48
     
1
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
(3
)
   
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
43
     
1
 
     
1,346
     
21
     
-
     
68
     
(132
)
   
(58
)
   
-
     
(83
)
   
2
     
1,164
     
5
 
AFS
                                                                                       
Other government & agency
   
42
     
-
     
2
     
9
     
(5
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
48
     
-
 
Corporate
   
90
     
-
     
(1
)
   
22
     
(25
)
   
(3
)
   
-
     
-
     
2
     
85
     
-
 
Residential mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
8
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(6
)
   
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
1
     
-
 
Commercial mortgage/asset-backed
   securities 
 
4
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
2
     
-
 
Other securitized assets
   
5
     
1
     
1
     
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
4
     
-
 
     
149
     
1
     
2
     
31
     
(36
)
   
(7
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
140
     
-
 
Public equities
                                                                                       
FVTPL
   
1
     
-
     
-
     
2
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
1
     
4
     
-
 
     
1
     
-
     
-
     
2
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
1
     
4
     
-
 
Real estate - investment property
   
13,968
     
31
     
-
     
205
     
(1,622
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
(516
)
   
12,066
     
77
 
Other invested assets
   
12,977
     
227
     
6
     
1,004
     
(24
)
   
(339
)
   
-
     
-
     
(661
)
   
13,190
     
261
 
     
26,945
     
258
     
6
     
1,209
     
(1,646
)
   
(339
)
   
-
     
-
     
(1,177
)
   
25,256
     
338
 
Segregated funds net assets
   
4,656
     
72
     
-
     
276
     
(99
)
   
(17
)
   
(12
)
   
(4
)
   
(158
)
   
4,714
     
63
 
Total
 
$
33,097
   
$
352
   
$
8
   
$
1,586
   
$
(1,913
)
 
$
(421
)
 
$
(12
)
 
$
(87
)
 
$
(1,332
)
 
$
31,278
   
$
406
 

(1)
These amounts, except for the amount related to segregated funds net assets, are included in net investment income on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(2)
These amounts, except for the amount related to segregated funds net assets, are included in AOCI on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
(3)
Sales in 2017 include $619 of U.S. commercial real estate sold to the Hancock US Real Estate Fund, L.P., an associate of the Company which is a structured entity based on partnership voting rights. The Company provides management services to the fund and owns approximately 11.7% of its partnership interests. Sales in 2016 include $1,011 of U.S. commercial real estate sold to the Manulife US Real Estate Investment Trust in Singapore, an associate of the Company which is a structured entity based on unitholder voting rights. The Company provides management services to the  trust and owns approximately 9.5% of its equity.
(4)
For assets that are transferred into and/or out of Level 3, the Company uses fair value of the assets at the beginning of period.
Transfers into Level 3 primarily result from securities that were impaired during the periods or securities where a lack of observable market data (versus the previous period) resulted in reclassifying assets into Level 3. Transfers from Level 3 primarily result from observable market data now being available for the entire term structure of the debt security.
 
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

50


Note 4 Derivative and Hedging Instruments

Fair value of derivatives
The gross notional amount and the fair value of derivative contracts by the underlying risk exposure for derivatives in qualifying hedge accounting relationships and derivatives not designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships are summarized in the following table.

     
June 30, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
As at
   
Notional
amount
   
Fair value
   
Notional
amount
   
Fair value
 
Type of hedge
Instrument type
 
Assets
   
Liabilities
   
Assets
   
Liabilities
 
Qualifying hedge accounting relationships
                                   
Fair value hedges
Interest rate swaps
 
$
724
   
$
-
   
$
14
   
$
2,158
   
$
-
   
$
477
 
  Foreign currency swaps      88       1       4       91       1       3  
Cash flow hedges
Foreign currency swaps
   
1,295
     
9
     
389
     
1,285
     
-
     
447
 
  Forward contracts     210       -       12       255       -       23  
  Equity contracts     179       17       -       126       21       1  
Total derivatives in qualifying hedge accounting relationships
   
2,496
     
27
     
419
     
3,915
     
22
     
951
 
Derivatives not designated in qualifying hedge
   accounting relationships
                                               
Interest rate swaps
   
251,189
     
15,891
     
7,991
     
281,188
     
21,900
     
10,878
 
Interest rate futures
   
13,431
     
-
     
-
     
11,616
     
-
     
-
 
Interest rate options
   
10,239
     
359
     
-
     
9,390
     
376
     
-
 
Foreign currency swaps
   
14,400
     
424
     
1,286
     
12,226
     
347
     
1,645
 
Currency rate futures
   
4,117
     
-
     
-
     
4,729
     
-
     
-
 
Forward contracts
   
18,617
     
733
     
295
     
15,411
     
340
     
644
 
Equity contracts
   
13,882
     
637
     
18
     
14,989
     
669
     
33
 
Credit default swaps
   
674
     
17
     
-
     
662
     
18
     
-
 
Equity futures    
14,008
      -       -      
16,072
      -       -  
Total derivatives not designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships
   
340,557
     
18,061
     
9,590
     
366,283
     
23,650
     
13,200
 
Total derivatives
   
$
343,053
   
$
18,088
   
$
10,009
   
$
370,198
   
$
23,672
   
$
14,151
 


The total notional value of $343 billion (December 31, 2016 – $370 billion) includes $126 billion (December 31, 2016 – $177 billion) related to derivatives utilized in the Company's variable annuity guarantee dynamic hedging and macro equity risk hedging programs. As a result of the Company's variable annuity hedging practices, a large number of trades are in offsetting positions, resulting in materially lower net fair value exposure to the Company than what the gross notional amount would suggest.
Fair value of derivative instruments is summarized by term to maturity in the following table. The fair values shown do not incorporate the impact of master netting agreements (refer to note 6).

 
Remaining term to maturity
     
As at June 30, 2017
Less than
1 year
 
1 to 3
years
 
3 to 5
years
 
Over 5
years
 
Total
 
Derivative assets
 
$
575
   
$
751
   
$
699
   
$
16,063
   
$
18,088
 
Derivative liabilities
   
505
     
150
     
308
     
9,046
     
10,009
 
 
 
Remaining term to maturity
         
As at December 31, 2016
Less than
1 year
 
1 to 3
years
 
3 to 5
years
 
Over 5
years
 
Total
 
Derivative assets
 
$
467
   
$
680
   
$
719
   
$
21,806
   
$
23,672
 
Derivative liabilities
   
593
     
595
     
511
     
12,452
     
14,151
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017

51

The following tables present the fair value of derivative contracts categorized by hierarchy.

As at June 30, 2017
Total fair value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Derivative assets
               
Interest rate contracts
 
$
16,979
   
$
-
   
$
16,199
   
$
780
 
Foreign exchange contracts
   
438
     
-
     
438
     
-
 
Equity contracts
   
654
     
-
     
191
     
463
 
Credit default swaps
   
17
     
-
     
17
     
-
 
Total derivative assets
 
$
18,088
   
$
-
   
$
16,845
   
$
1,243
 
Derivative liabilities
                               
Interest rate contracts
 
$
8,272
   
$
-
   
$
7,801
   
$
471
 
Foreign exchange contracts
   
1,720
     
-
     
1,720
     
-
 
Equity contracts
   
17
     
-
     
2
     
15
 
Total derivative liabilities
 
$
10,009
   
$
-
   
$
9,523
   
$
486
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2016
Total fair value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Derivative assets
                               
Interest rate contracts
 
$
22,602
   
$
-
   
$
22,045
   
$
557
 
Foreign exchange contracts
   
362
     
-
     
361
     
1
 
Equity contracts
   
690
     
-
     
182
     
508
 
Credit default swaps
   
18
     
-
     
18
     
-
 
Total derivative assets
 
$
23,672
   
$
-
   
$
22,606
   
$
1,066
 
Derivative liabilities
                               
Interest rate contracts
 
$
11,984
   
$
-
   
$
11,114
   
$
870
 
Foreign exchange contracts
   
2,133
     
-
     
2,133
     
-
 
Equity contracts
   
34
     
-
     
1
     
33
 
Total derivative liabilities
 
$
14,151
   
$
-
   
$
13,248
   
$
903
 

 
The following table presents a roll forward for net derivative contracts measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

   
three month ended June 30,
   
six months ended June 30,
 
For the
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
 
$
183
   
$
1,012
   
$
163
   
$
350
 
Net realized / unrealized gains (losses) included in:
                               
Net income(1)
   
343
     
690
     
425
     
1,495
 
OCI(2)
   
3
     
(4
)
   
(7
)
   
(6
)
Purchases
   
73
     
99
     
105
     
129
 
Settlements
   
18
     
-
     
(46
)
   
(148
)
Transfers
                               
Into Level 3(3)
   
-
     
4
     
-
     
2
 
Out of Level 3(3)
   
158
     
(186
)
   
134
     
(144
)
Currency movement
   
(21
)
   
13
     
(17
)
   
(50
)
Balance at the end of the period
 
$
757
   
$
1,628
   
$
757
   
$
1,628
 
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on instruments still held
 
$
445
   
$
778
   
$
499
   
$
1,544
 

(1)
These amounts are included in investment income on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(2)
These amounts are included in AOCI on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
(3)
For items that are transferred into and out of Level 3, the Company uses the fair value of the items at the end and beginning of the period, respectively. Transfers into Level 3 occur when the inputs used to price the assets and liabilities lack observable market data (versus the previous period). Transfers out of Level 3 occur when inputs used to price the assets and liabilities become available from observable market data.
 

 
Note 5
Insurance and Investment Contract Liabilities

(a)
Insurance and investment contracts

The Company monitors experience and reviews assumptions used in the calculation of insurance and investment contract liabilities on an ongoing basis to ensure they appropriately reflect future expected experience and any changes in the risk profile of the business.  Any changes to the methods and assumptions used in projecting future asset and liability cash flows will result in a change in insurance and investment contract liabilities, and reinsurance assets.
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017

52

For the three months ended June 30, 2017, there were no changes in assumptions or model enhancements (June 30, 2016 – no changes). For the six months ended June 30, 2017, there were no changes in assumptions or model enhancements (June 30, 2016 – decrease in insurance and investment contract liabilities of $35 net of reinsurance and an increase in net income attributed to shareholders of $12).
(b)
Investment contracts – Fair value measurement
As at June 30, 2017, the fair value of investment contract liabilities measured at fair value was $630 (December 31, 2016 – $631). Carrying value and fair value of investment contract liabilities measured at amortized cost were $2,565 and $2,853, respectively (December 31, 2016 – $2,644 and $2,905, respectively).
(c)
Gross claims and benefits
The following table presents a breakdown of gross claims and benefits for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.

   
three months ended June 30,
   
six months ended June 30,
 
For the
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Death, disability and other claims
 
$
3,904
   
$
3,523
   
$
7,721
   
$
6,999
 
Maturity and surrender benefits
   
1,601
     
1,528
     
3,216
     
3,231
 
Annuity payments
   
1,111
     
1,047
     
2,226
     
2,145
 
Policyholder dividends and experience rating refunds
   
268
     
288
     
565
     
530
 
Net transfers from segregated funds
   
(359
)
   
(274
)
   
(600
)
   
(295
)
Total
 
$
6,525
   
$
6,112
   
$
13,128
   
$
12,610
 



Note 6 Risk Management

The Company's risk management policies and procedures for managing risk related to financial instruments and insurance contracts can be found in note 10 of the Company's 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements as well as the shaded tables and text under the "Risk Management " section of the Management Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") in the 2016 Annual Report.
(a) Risk disclosures included in the second quarter's MD&A
Market risk sensitivities related to variable annuity and segregated fund guarantees, publicly traded equity performance risk and interest rate, spread risk and alternative long-duration asset performance risk are disclosed in sections E1 to E5 of the Second Quarter 2017 MD&A. These disclosures are in accordance with IFRS 7 "Financial Instruments: Disclosures" and IAS 34 "Interim Financial Reporting", and are an integral part of these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

(b)
Credit risk
(i)
Credit quality
The credit quality of commercial mortgages and private placements is assessed at least annually by using an internal rating based on regular monitoring of credit related exposures, considering both qualitative and quantitative factors.
The following table summarizes the credit quality and carrying value of commercial mortgages and private placements.
As at June 30, 2017
 
AAA
   
AA
     
A
 
 
BBB
   
BB
   
B and lower
   
Total
 
Commercial mortgages
                                           
Retail
 
$
411
   
$
1,974
   
$
3,680
   
$
2,076
   
$
105
   
$
89
   
$
8,335
 
Office
   
652
     
1,311
     
3,665
     
1,937
     
22
     
-
     
7,587
 
Multi-family residential
   
351
     
985
     
1,991
     
1,282
     
81
     
-
     
4,690
 
Industrial
   
189
     
544
     
1,108
     
704
     
42
     
88
     
2,675
 
Other
   
313
     
493
     
1,030
     
704
     
17
     
-
     
2,557
 
Total commercial mortgages 
 
1,916
     
5,307
     
11,474
     
6,703
     
267
     
177
     
25,844
 
Agricultural mortgages
   
13
     
252
     
314
     
210
     
37
     
-
     
826
 
Private placements
   
1,094
     
4,195
     
11,640
     
12,407
     
889
     
900
     
31,125
 
Total
 
$
3,023
   
$
9,754
   
$
23,428
   
$
19,320
   
$
1,193
   
$
1,077
   
$
57,795
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

53


As at December 31, 2016
 
AAA
   
AA
     
A
 
 
BBB
   
BB
   
B and lower
   
Total
 
Commercial mortgages
                                           
Retail
 
$
97
   
$
1,620
   
$
4,391
   
$
2,085
   
$
-
   
$
7
   
$
8,200
 
Office
   
68
     
1,255
     
3,972
     
1,938
     
55
     
36
     
7,324
 
Multi-family residential
   
656
     
1,362
     
1,944
     
844
     
-
     
-
     
4,806
 
Industrial
   
22
     
360
     
1,452
     
831
     
169
     
-
     
2,834
 
Other
   
428
     
261
     
1,323
     
493
     
60
     
-
     
2,565
 
Total commercial mortgages
   
1,271
     
4,858
     
13,082
     
6,191
     
284
     
43
     
25,729
 
Agricultural mortgages
   
-
     
151
     
61
     
469
     
141
     
-
     
822
 
Private placements
   
1,086
     
4,466
     
10,672
     
11,605
     
936
     
964
     
29,729
 
Total
 
$
2,357
   
$
9,475
   
$
23,815
   
$
18,265
   
$
1,361
   
$
1,007
   
$
56,280
 
The credit quality of residential mortgages and loans to Manulife Bank of Canada clients is assessed at least annually with the loan being performing or non-performing as the key credit quality indicator.
The following table summarizes the carrying value of residential mortgages and loans to Bank clients.

As at
 
June 30, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
   
Insured
   
Uninsured
   
Total
   
Insured
   
Uninsured
   
Total
 
Residential mortgages
                                   
Performing
 
$
7,440
   
$
10,575
   
$
18,015
   
$
7,574
   
$
10,050
   
$
17,624
 
Non-performing(1)
   
5
     
10
     
15
     
6
     
13
     
19
 
Loans to Bank clients
                                               
Performing
   
n/a
     
1,725
     
1,725
     
n/a
     
1,743
     
1,743
 
Non-performing(1)
   
n/a
     
2
     
2
     
n/a
     
2
     
2
 
Total
 
$
7,445
   
$
12,312
   
$
19,757
   
$
7,580
   
$
11,808
   
$
19,388
 
(1)
Non-performing refers to assets that are 90 days or more past due if uninsured and 365 days or more if insured.
(ii)
Past due or credit impaired financial assets
The following table summarizes the carrying value or impaired value, in the case of impaired debt securities, of the Company's financial assets that are considered past due or impaired.

 
Past due but not impaired
         
As at June 30, 2017
Less than 90
days
 
90 days and
greater
 
Total
 
Total impaired
 
Allowance for
loan losses
 
Debt securities
                   
FVTPL
 
$
69
   
$
-
   
$
69
   
$
51
   
$
-
 
AFS
   
9
     
3
     
12
     
1
     
-
 
Private placements
   
480
     
19
     
499
     
47
     
49
 
Mortgages and loans to Bank clients
   
42
     
15
     
57
     
30
     
25
 
Other financial assets
   
94
     
32
     
126
     
1
     
-
 
Total
 
$
694
   
$
69
   
$
763
   
$
130
   
$
74
 
 
 
Past due but not impaired
                 
As at December 31, 2016
Less than 90
days
 
90 days and
greater
 
Total
 
Total impaired
 
Allowance for
loan losses
 
Debt securities
                                       
FVTPL
 
$
90
   
$
-
   
$
90
   
$
38
   
$
-
 
AFS
   
16
     
9
     
25
     
-
     
-
 
Private placements
   
215
     
64
     
279
     
152
     
92
 
Mortgages and loans to Bank clients
   
50
     
20
     
70
     
33
     
26
 
Other financial assets
   
57
     
54
     
111
     
8
     
-
 
Total
 
$
428
   
$
147
   
$
575
   
$
231
   
$
118
 
 

 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

54

(c) Securities lending, repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions
As at June 30, 2017, the Company had loaned securities (which are included in invested assets) with a market value of $1,649 (December 31, 2016 – $1,956). The Company holds collateral with a current market value that exceeds the value of securities lent in all cases.
As at June 30, 2017, the Company had engaged in reverse repurchase transactions of $450 (December 31, 2016 – $250) which are recorded as short-term receivables. In addition, the Company had engaged in repurchase transactions of $256 as at June 30, 2017 (December 31, 2016 – $255) which are recorded as payables.
(d) Credit default swaps
The Company replicates exposure to specific issuers by selling credit protection via credit default swaps ("CDSs") in order to complement its debt securities investing. The Company will not write CDS protection in excess of its government bond holdings.
The following tables provide details of the CDS protection sold by type of contract and external agency rating for the underlying reference security.

As at June 30, 2017
     
Notional
amount(2)
 
Fair value
 
Weighted
average maturity
(in years)(3)
 
Single name CDSs(1)
                 
Corporate debt
                 
AAA
       
$
13
   
$
-
     
1
 
AA
         
36
     
1
     
2
 
             
 
   
469
     
12
     
3
 
BBB
           
156
     
4
     
3
 
Total single name CDSs
         
$
674
   
$
17
     
3
 
Total CDS protection sold
         
$
674
   
$
17
     
3
 
As at December 31, 2016
       
Notional
amount(2)
 
Fair value
 
 
Weighted
average maturity
(in years)(3)
 
Single name CDSs(1)
                               
Corporate debt
                               
AAA
         
$
13
   
$
-
     
2
 
AA
           
37
     
1
     
3
 
        A 
     
 
   
457
     
13
     
4
 
BBB
           
155
     
4
     
3
 
Total single name CDSs
         
$
662
   
$
18
     
4
 
Total CDS protection sold
         
$
662
   
$
18
     
4
 




(1)
Rating agency designations are based on S&P where available followed by Moody's, DBRS and Fitch. If no rating is available from a rating agency, an internally developed rating is used.
(2)
Notional amounts represent the maximum future payments the Company would have to pay its counterparties assuming a default of the underlying credit and zero recovery on the underlying issuer obligation.
(3)
The weighted average maturity of the CDS is weighted based on notional amounts.
The Company held no purchased credit protection as at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
(e) Derivatives
The Company's point-in-time exposure to losses related to credit risk of a derivative counterparty is limited to the amount of any net gains that may have accrued with a particular counterparty. Gross derivative counterparty exposure is measured as the total fair value (including accrued interest) of all outstanding contracts in a gain position excluding any offsetting contracts in a loss position and the impact of collateral on hand. The Company seeks to limit the risk of credit losses from derivative counterparties by: using investment grade counterparties; entering into master netting arrangements which permit the offsetting of contracts in a loss position in the case of a counterparty default; and entering into Credit Support Annex agreements, whereby collateral must be provided when the exposure exceeds a certain threshold.
All contracts are held with counterparties rated BBB+ or higher. As at June 30, 2017, the percentage of the Company's derivative exposure which was with counterparties rated AA- or higher amounted to 19 per cent (December 31, 2016 – 22 per cent). As at June 30, 2017, the largest single counterparty exposure, without taking into account the impact of master
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

55

 
netting agreements or the benefit of collateral held, was $3,401 (December 31, 2016 – $3,891). The net exposure to this counterparty, after taking into account master netting agreements and the fair value of collateral held, was $nil (December 31, 2016 – $nil)
(f) Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities
Certain derivatives, securities lending and repurchase agreements have conditional offset rights. The Company does not offset these financial instruments in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, as the rights of offset are conditional. In the case of derivatives, collateral is collected from and pledged to counterparties and clearing houses to manage credit risk exposure in accordance with Credit Support Annexes to swap agreements and clearing agreements. Under master netting agreements, the Company has a right of offset in the event of default, insolvency, bankruptcy or other early termination.
In the case of reverse repurchase and repurchase transactions, additional collateral may be collected from or pledged to counterparties to manage credit exposure according to bilateral reverse repurchase or repurchase agreements. In the event of default by a counterparty, the Company is entitled to liquidate assets the Company holds as collateral to offset against obligations to the same counterparty.
The following table presents the effect of conditional master netting and similar arrangements. Similar arrangements may include global master repurchase agreements, global master securities lending agreements, and any related rights to financial collateral.


     
Related amounts not set off in the
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
         
As at June 30, 2017
Gross amounts of
financial instruments
presented in the
Consolidated
Statements of
Financial Position(1)
 
Amounts subject to an
 enforceable master
netting arrangement or
similar agreements
 
Financial and cash
collateral pledged
(received)(2)
 
Net amount
 including
financing trusts(3)
 
Net amounts
excluding
financing trusts
 
Financial assets
                   
Derivative assets
 
$
18,839
   
$
(8,576
)
 
$
(10,229
)
 
$
34
   
$
34
 
Securities lending
   
1,649
     
-
     
(1,649
)
   
-
     
-
 
Reverse repurchase agreements
   
450
     
-
     
(449
)
   
1
     
-
 
Total financial assets
 
$
20,938
   
$
(8,576
)
 
$
(12,327
)
 
$
35
   
$
34
 
Financial liabilities
                                       
Derivative liabilities
 
$
(10,857
)
 
$
8,576
   
$
2,006
   
$
(275
)
 
$
(69
)
Repurchase agreements
   
(256
)
   
-
     
255
     
(1
)
   
-
 
Total financial liabilities
 
$
(11,113
)
 
$
8,576
   
$
2,261
   
$
(276
)
 
$
(69
)
         
 
 
Related amounts not set off in the
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
                 
As at December 31, 2016
Gross amounts of
 financial instruments
 presented in the
Consolidated
Statements of
Financial Position(1)
 
Amounts subject to an
 enforceable master
 netting arrangement or
 similar agreements
 
Financial and cash
collateral pledged
 (received)(2)
 
Net amount
including
 financing trusts(3)
 
Net amounts
excluding
financing trusts
 
Financial assets
                                       
Derivative assets
 
$
24,603
   
$
(12,031
)
 
$
(12,382
)
 
$
190
   
$
189
 
Securities lending
   
1,956
     
-
     
(1,956
)
   
-
     
-
 
Reverse repurchase agreements
   
250
     
-
     
(250
)
   
-
     
-
 
Total financial assets
 
$
26,809
   
$
(12,031
)
 
$
(14,588
)
 
$
190
   
$
189
 
Financial liabilities
                                       
Derivative liabilities
 
$
(15,095
)
 
$
12,031
   
$
2,800
   
$
(264
)
 
$
(42
)
Repurchase agreements
   
(255
)
   
-
     
255
     
-
     
-
 
Total financial liabilities
 
$
(15,350
)
 
$
12,031
   
$
3,055
   
$
(264
)
 
$
(42
)

(1)
Financial assets and liabilities in the above table include accrued interest of $754 and $848, respectively (December 31, 2016 – $935 and $944, respectively).
(2)
Financial and cash collateral excludes over-collateralization. As at June 30, 2017 the Company was over-collateralized on OTC derivative assets, OTC derivative liabilities, securities lending and reverse purchase agreements and repurchase agreements in the amounts of $1,548, $516, $104 and $nil, respectively (December 31, 2016 – $398, $494, $107 and $1, respectively). As at June 30, 2017, collateral pledged (received) does not include collateral in transit on OTC instruments or include initial margin on exchange traded contracts or cleared contracts.
(3)
The net amount includes derivative contracts entered into between the Company and its financing trusts which it does not consolidate. The Company does not exchange collateral on derivative contracts entered into with these trusts.

 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

56



Note 7 Long-Term Debt

(a)
Carrying value of long-term debt instruments

           
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
As at
Issue date
Maturity date
Par value
   
2017
   
2016
 
4.70% Senior notes(1)
June 23, 2016
June 23, 2046
US$1,000
   
$
1,289
   
$
1,333
 
5.375% Senior notes(1)
March 4, 2016
March 4, 2046
US$750
     
961
     
994
 
3.527% Senior notes(1)
December 2, 2016
December 2, 2026
US$270
     
349
     
361
 
4.150% Senior notes(1)
March 4, 2016
March 4, 2026
US$1,000
     
1,288
     
1,333
 
4.90% Senior notes(1)
September 17, 2010
September 17, 2020
US$500
     
647
     
669
 
7.768% Medium term notes
April 8, 2009
April 8, 2019
$600      
599
     
599
 
5.505% Medium term notes
June 26, 2008
June 26, 2018
$400
     
400
     
400
 
Other notes payable
n/a
n/a
n/a
     
8
     
7
 
Total
             
$
5,541
   
$
5,696
 



(1)
These U.S. dollar senior notes have been designated as hedges of the Company's net investment in its U.S. operations which reduces the earnings volatility that would otherwise arise from the re-measurement of these senior notes into Canadian dollars.
 
(b)
Fair value measurement
Fair value of a long-term debt instrument is determined using quoted market prices where available (Level 1). When quoted market prices are not available fair value is determined with reference to quoted prices of a debt instrument with similar characteristics or estimated using discounted cash flows using observable market rates (Level 2).
Long-term debt is measured at amortized cost in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. As at June 30, 2017, fair value of long-term debt was $5,983 (December 31, 2016 - $6,100). Long-term debt was categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy (December 31, 2016 – Level 2).

Note 8 Capital Instruments

(a)
Carrying value of capital instruments

           
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
As at
Issue date
Maturity date
Par value
   
2017
   
2016
 
Senior debenture notes - 7.535% fixed/floating
July 10, 2009
December 31, 2108
$1,000
   
$
1,000
   
$
1,000
 
Subordinated note - floating
December 14, 2006
December 15, 2036
$650      
647
     
647
 
Subordinated notes - 4.061% fixed/fixed reset(1)
February 24, 2017
February 24, 2032
US$750
     
967
     
-
 
Subordinated debentures - 3.181% fixed/floating
November 20, 2015
November 22, 2027
$1,000      
996
     
996
 
Subordinated debentures - 3.85% fixed/fixed reset
May 25, 2016
May 25, 2026
S$500      
469
     
461
 
Subordinated debentures - 2.389% fixed/floating
June 1, 2015
January 5, 2026
$350      
349
     
349
 
Subordinated debentures - 2.10% fixed/floating
March 10, 2015
June 1, 2025
$750      
748
     
747
 
Subordinated debentures - 2.64% fixed/floating
December 1, 2014
January 15, 2025
$500     
499
     
499
 
Subordinated debentures - 2.811% fixed/floating
February 21, 2014
February 21, 2024
$500      
499
     
499
 
Surplus notes - 7.375% U.S. dollar
February 25, 1994
February 15, 2024
US$450
     
605
     
627
 
Subordinated debentures - 2.926% fixed/floating
November 29, 2013
November 29, 2023
$250      
249
     
249
 
Subordinated debentures - 2.819% fixed/floating
February 25, 2013
February 26, 2023
$200
     
200
     
200
 
Subordinated debentures - 3.938% fixed/floating
September 21, 2012
September 21, 2022
$400
     
402
     
407
 
Subordinated debentures - 4.165% fixed/floating(2)
February 17, 2012
June 1, 2022
$500    
-
     
499
 
Total
             
$
7,630
   
$
7,180
 

(1)
Issued by MFC during the year, interest is payable semi-annually. After February 24, 2027, the interest rate will reset to equal the 5-Year Mid-Swap rate plus 1.647%. With regulatory approval, MFC may redeem the notes, in whole, but not in part, on February 24, 2027, at a redemption price equal to par, together with accrued and unpaid interest.
(2)
MLI redeemed in full the 4.165% subordinated debentures, at par, on June 1, 2017 redemption date.
 
(b)
Fair value measurement
Fair value of capital instruments is determined using quoted market prices where available (Level 1). When quoted market prices are not available fair value is determined with reference to quoted prices of a debt instrument with similar characteristics or estimated using discounted cash flows using observable market rates (Level 2).
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

57

 
 
Capital instruments are measured at amortized cost in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. As at June 30, 2017, fair value of capital instruments was $7,928 (December 31, 2016 – $7,417). Capital instruments were categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy (December 31, 2016 – Level 2).

Note 9 Share Capital and Earnings Per Share


(a)
Preferred shares
The changes in issued and outstanding preferred shares are as follows.

   
2017
   
2016
 
For the periods ended June 30,
 
Number of shares
(in millions)
   
Amount
   
Number of shares
(in millions)
   
Amount
 
Balance, January 1
   
146
   
$
3,577
     
110
   
$
2,693
 
Issued, Class 1 shares, Series 21
   
-
     
-
     
17
     
425
 
Converted, Class 1 shares, Series 3
   
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
(42
)
Issued, Class 1 shares, Series 4
   
-
     
-
     
2
     
42
 
Issuance costs, net of tax
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
(8
)
Balance, June 30
   
146
   
$
3,577
     
127
   
$
3,110
 

Further information on the preferred shares outstanding is as follows.

As at June 30, 2017
Issue date
Annual dividend
rate(1)
 
Earliest redemption
date(2)
   
Number of
shares
(in millions)
   
Face amount
   
Net
amount(3)
 
Class A preferred shares
                         
    Series 2
February 18, 2005
   
4.65
%
   
n/a
     
14
   
$
350
   
$
344
 
    Series 3
January 3, 2006
   
4.50
%
   
n/a
     
12
     
300
     
294
 
Class 1 preferred shares
                                       
    Series 3(4),(5)
March 11, 2011
   
2.178
%
June 19, 2021
     
6
     
158
     
155
 
    Series 4
June 20, 2016
floating(6)
     
n/a
     
2
     
42
     
41
 
    Series 5(4),(5)
December 6, 2011
   
3.891
%
December 19, 2021
     
8
     
200
     
195
 
    Series 7(4),(5),(7)
February 22, 2012
   
4.312
%
March 19, 2022
     
10
     
250
     
244
 
    Series 9(4),(5)
May 24, 2012
   
4.40
%
September 19, 2017
     
10
     
250
     
244
 
    Series 11(4),(5)
December 4, 2012
   
4.00
%
March 19, 2018
     
8
     
200
     
196
 
    Series 13(4),(5)
June 21, 2013
   
3.80
%
September 19, 2018
     
8
     
200
     
196
 
    Series 15(4),(5)
February 25, 2014
   
3.90
%
June 19, 2019
     
8
     
200
     
195
 
    Series 17(4),(5)
August 15, 2014
   
3.90
%
December 19, 2019
     
14
     
350
     
343
 
    Series 19(4),(5)
December 3, 2014
   
3.80
%
March 19, 2020
     
10
     
250
     
246
 
    Series 21(4),(5)
February 25, 2016
   
5.60
%
June 19, 2021
     
17
     
425
     
417
 
    Series 23(4),(5)
November 22, 2016
   
4.85
%
March 19, 2022
     
19
     
475
     
467
 
Total
                     
146
   
$
3,650
   
$
3,577
 


(1)
Holders of Class A and Class 1 preferred shares are entitled to receive non-cumulative preferential cash dividends on a quarterly basis, as and when declared by the Board of Directors.
(2)
Redemption of all preferred shares is subject to regulatory approval. With the exception of Class A Series 2, Class A Series 3 and Class 1 Series 4 preferred shares, MFC may redeem each series, in whole or in part, at par, on the earliest redemption date or every five years thereafter. Class A Series 2 and Series 3 preferred shares are past their respective earliest redemption date and MFC may redeem these shares, in whole or in part, at par at any time, subject to regulatory approval, as noted. MFC may redeem the Class 1 Series 4, in whole or in part, at any time, at $25.00 per share if redeemed on June 19, 2021 and on June 19 every five years thereafter, or at $25.50 per share if redeemed on any other date after June 19, 2016, subject to regulatory approval, as noted.
(3)
Net of after-tax issuance costs.
(4)
On the earliest redemption date and every five years thereafter, the annual dividend rate will be reset to the five year Government of Canada bond yield plus a yield specified for each series. The specified yield for Class 1 shares is: Series 3 – 1.41%, Series 5 – 2.90%, Series 7 – 3.13%, Series 9 – 2.86%, Series 11 – 2.61%, Series 13 – 2.22%, Series 15 – 2.16%, Series 17 – 2.36%, Series 19 – 2.30%, Series 21 – 4.97% and Series 23 – 3.83%.
(5)
On the earliest redemption date and every five years thereafter, Class 1 preferred shares are convertible at the option of the holder into a new series that is one number higher than their existing series, and the holders are entitled to non-cumulative preferential cash dividends, payable quarterly if and when declared by the Board of Directors, at a rate equal to the three month Government of Canada treasury bill yield plus the rate specified in footnote 4 above.
(6)
The floating dividend rate for the Class 1 Shares Series 4 will equal the three month Government of Canada Treasury bill yield plus 1.41%.
(7)
MFC did not exercise its right to redeem all or any of the outstanding Class 1 Shares Series 7 on March 19, 2017 (the earliest redemption date). Dividend rate for Class 1 Shares Series 7 was reset as specified in footnote 4 above to an annual fixed rate of 4.312% for a five year period commencing on March 20, 2017.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

58


(b)
Common shares
As at June 30, 2017, there were 31 million outstanding stock options and deferred share units that entitle the holders to receive common shares or payment in cash or common shares, at the option of the holders (December 31, 2016 – 31 million).

For the
 
six months ended
   
year ended
 
Number of common shares (in millions)
 
June 30, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
Balance, beginning of period
   
1,975
     
1,972
 
Issued on exercise of stock options and deferred share units
   
2
     
3
 
Balance, end of period
   
1,977
     
1,975
 


The following is a reconciliation of the denominator (number of shares) in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share.

   
three months ended
   
six months ended
 
For the
 
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
(in millions)
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Weighted average number of common shares
   
1,977
     
1,972
     
1,976
     
1,972
 
Dilutive stock-based awards(1)
   
7
     
4
     
8
     
4
Weighted average number of diluted common shares
   
1,984
     
1,976
     
1,984
     
1,976
 



(1)
The dilutive effect of stock-based awards was calculated using the treasury stock method. This method calculates the number of incremental shares by assuming the outstanding stock-based awards are (i) exercised and (ii) then reduced by the number of shares assumed to be repurchased from the issuance proceeds, using the average market price of MFC common shares for the period.
(c)
Earnings per share
The following table presents basic and diluted earnings per common share of the Company.

 
three months ended
 
six months ended
 
For the
June 30,
 
June 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
Basic earnings per common share
 
$
0.62
   
$
0.34
   
$
1.28
   
$
0.85
 
Diluted earnings per common share
   
0.61
     
0.34
     
1.27
     
0.85
 
 

 

Note 10       Employee Future Benefits

The Company maintains a number of pension plans, both defined benefit and defined contribution, and retiree welfare plans for eligible employees and agents. Information about the cost of the Company's material pension and retiree welfare plans in the U.S. and Canada is as follows.
 

   
Pension plans
   
Retiree welfare plans
 
For the three months ended June 30,
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Defined benefit current service cost
 
$
13
   
$
12
   
$
-
   
$
-
 
Defined benefit administrative expenses
   
1
     
2
     
1
     
-
 
Service cost
   
14
     
14
     
1
     
-
 
Interest on net defined benefit (asset) liability
   
5
     
7
     
-
     
1
 
Defined benefit cost
   
19
     
21
     
1
     
1
 
Defined contribution cost
   
19
     
17
     
-
     
-
 
Net benefit cost
 
$
38
   
$
38
   
$
1
   
$
1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

59


 
   
Pension plans
   
Retiree welfare plans
 
For the six months ended June 30,
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Defined benefit current service cost
 
$
26
   
$
25
   
$
-
   
$
-
 
Defined benefit administrative expenses
   
2
     
3
     
1
     
1
 
Service cost
   
28
     
28
     
1
     
1
 
Interest on net defined benefit (asset) liability
   
9
     
14
     
1
     
2
 
Defined benefit cost
   
37
     
42
     
2
     
3
 
Defined contribution cost
   
41
     
36
     
-
     
-
 
Net benefit cost
 
$
78
   
$
78
   
$
2
   
$
3
 
 

 

Note 11 Commitments and Contingencies

(a)
Legal proceedings
The Company is regularly involved in legal actions, both as a defendant and as a plaintiff. The legal actions where the Company is a party ordinarily relate to its activities as a provider of insurance protection or wealth management products, reinsurance, or its capacity as an investment adviser, employer, or taxpayer.  Other life insurers and asset managers, operating in the jurisdictions in which the Company does business, have been subject to a wide variety of other types of actions, some of which resulted in substantial judgments or settlements against the defendants; it is possible that the Company may become involved in similar actions in the future. In addition, government and regulatory bodies in Canada, the United States, Asia and other jurisdictions where the Company conducts business regularly make inquiries and, from time to time, require the production of information or conduct examinations concerning the Company's compliance with, among other things, insurance laws, securities laws, and laws governing the activities of broker-dealers.
Two class actions against the Company were certified and pending in Quebec and Ontario. The actions were based on allegations that the Company failed to meet its disclosure obligations related to its exposure to market price risk in its segregated funds and variable annuity guaranteed products.  On January 31, 2017, the Company announced that it had reached an agreement to settle both of these class actions for a total payment of $69 million.  The entire payment was covered by insurance and the Company made no admission of liability.  Now that the settlement agreement has been approved by both the Ontario and Quebec Courts and the settlement proceeds have been transmitted to the plaintiffs, the Company considers this matter closed.
Two class actions against John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.) ("JHUSA") are pending, one in New York and one in California, in which claims are made that JHUSA breached, and continues to breach, the contractual terms of certain universal life policies issued between approximately 1990 and 2006 by including impermissible charges in its cost of insurance (COI) calculations. The Company believes that its COI calculations have been, and continue to be, in accordance with the terms of the policies and intends to vigorously defend these actions. The case pending in California (Larson v. JHUSA) was certified as a class of approximately 107,000 current and former owners of Flex V policies and class notice will be distributed to class members under supervision of the court.  Both cases are still in the discovery stage and it is premature to attempt to predict any outcome or range of outcomes for either of these matters.
(b)
Guarantees
(i)
Guarantees regarding Manulife Finance (Delaware), L.P. ("MFLP")
MFC has guaranteed the payment of amounts on the $650 subordinated debentures due on December 15, 2041 issued by MFLP, a wholly-owned unconsolidated partnership.
(ii)
Guarantees regarding The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company
On January 29, 2007, MFC provided a subordinated guarantee, as amended and restated on January 13, 2017, of Class A Shares and Class B Shares of MLI and any other class of preferred shares that rank in parity with Class A Shares or Class B Shares of MLI. For the following subordinated debentures issued by MLI, MFC has provided a subordinated guarantee on the day of issuance: $200 issued on February 25, 2013; $250 issued on November 29, 2013; $500 issued on February 21, 2014; $500 issued on December 1, 2014; $750 issued on March 10, 2015; $350 issued on June 1, 2015; and $1,000 issued on November 20, 2015.
On July 1, 2015, MFC provided a subordinated guarantee of $400 for the subordinated debentures assumed by MLI as part of the Standard Life acquisition on the wind up of the Standard Life Assurance Company of Canada ("SCDA") on that date. SCDA was acquired by MLI on January 30, 2015.
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

60


The following tables set forth certain condensed consolidated financial information for MFC and MFLP.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income Information
 
For the three months ended June 30, 2017
MFC
(Guarantor)
 
MLI consolidated
 
Other subsidiaries
of MFC on a
combined basis
 
Consolidating adjustments
 
Total consolidated amounts
 
MFLP
 
Total revenue
 
$
72
   
$
16,256
   
$
1,176
   
$
(911
)
 
$
16,593
   
$
6
 
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
   
1,255
     
1,174
     
78
     
(1,252
)
   
1,255
     
(2
)
For the three months ended June 30, 2016
MFC
(Guarantor)
 
MLI consolidated
 
 
Other subsidiaries
of MFC on a
 combined basis
 
Consolidating adjustments
 
Total consolidated amounts
 
MFLP
 
Total revenue
 
$
103
   
$
20,210
   
$
1,663
   
$
(1,341
)
 
$
20,635
   
$
12
 
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
   
704
     
785
     
(142
)
   
(643
)
   
704
     
1
 
For the six months ended June 30, 2017
MFC
(Guarantor)
 
MLI consolidated
 
 
Other subsidiaries
of MFC on a
 combined basis
 
Consolidating adjustments
 
Total consolidated amounts
 
MFLP
 
Total revenue
 
$
85
   
$
29,598
   
$
1,673
   
$
(1,213
)
 
$
30,143
   
$
14
 
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
   
2,605
     
2,434
     
224
     
(2,658
)
   
2,605
     
(2
)
For the six months ended June 30, 2016
MFC
 (Guarantor)
 
MLI consolidated
 
 
Other subsidiaries
of MFC on a
combined basis
 
Consolidating adjustments
 
Total consolidated amounts
 
MFLP
 
Total revenue
 
$
145
   
$
41,518
   
$
3,369
   
$
(2,678
)
 
$
42,354
   
$
9
 
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
   
1,749
     
1,575
     
17
     
(1,592
)
   
1,749
     
(9
)
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position Information
 
As at June 30, 2017
MFC
(Guarantor)
 
MLI consolidated
 
Other subsidiaries
of MFC on a
combined basis
 
Consolidating adjustments
 
Total consolidated amounts
 
MFLP
 
Invested assets
 
$
50
   
$
322,349
   
$
6,897
   
$
-
   
$
329,296
   
$
6
 
Total other assets
   
69,342
     
93,198
     
51,286
     
(138,643
)
   
75,183
     
1,064
 
Segregated funds net assets
   
-
     
321,267
     
-
     
-
     
321,267
     
-
 
Insurance contract liabilities
   
-
     
298,209
     
19,297
     
(18,667
)
   
298,839
     
-
 
Investment contract liabilities
   
-
     
3,195
     
-
     
-
     
3,195
     
-
 
Segregated funds net liabilities
   
-
     
321,267
     
-
     
-
     
321,267
     
-
 
Total other liabilities
   
26,253
     
63,385
     
37,713
     
(69,131
)
   
58,220
     
863
 
As at December 31, 2016
MFC
(Guarantor)
 
MLI consolidated
 
 
Other subsidiaries
of MFC on a
combined basis
 
Consolidating adjustments
 
Total consolidated amounts
 
MFLP
 
Invested assets
 
$
161
   
$
315,201
   
$
6,507
   
$
-
   
$
321,869
   
$
6
 
Total other assets
   
48,073
     
99,718
     
15,136
     
(79,292
)
   
83,635
     
1,085
 
Segregated funds net assets
   
-
     
315,177
     
-
     
-
     
315,177
     
-
 
Insurance contract liabilities
   
-
     
296,896
     
19,122
     
(18,513
)
   
297,505
     
-
 
Investment contract liabilities
   
-
     
3,275
     
-
     
-
     
3,275
     
-
 
Segregated funds net liabilities
   
-
     
315,177
     
-
     
-
     
315,177
     
-
 
Total other liabilities
   
6,402
     
66,999
     
1,539
     
(13,039
)
   
61,901
     
882
 





(iii)
Guarantees regarding John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.) ("JHUSA")
Details of guarantees regarding certain securities issued or to be issued by JHUSA are outlined in note 14.
 
Note 12 Segmented Information

The Company's reporting segments are the Asia, Canadian and U.S. Divisions and the Corporate and Other segment. Each division has profit and loss responsibility and develops products, services and distribution strategies based on the profile of its business and the needs of its market.  Revenue from the Company's divisions is derived principally from life and health insurance, investment management and annuities and mutual funds.  The Corporate and Other segment is composed of: investment performance on assets backing capital, net of amounts allocated to operating divisions and financing costs; Property and Casualty Reinsurance business; as well as run-off reinsurance operations including variable annuities and accident and health and consolidation reclassification entries Effective January 1, 2017, the operations of Manulife Asset Management are being reflected in the respective Divisional results.  These operations were reported in the Corporate and Other Segment for 2016.
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

61

By segment

For the three months ended
 
Asia
   
Canadian
   
U.S.
   
Corporate
       
June 30, 2017
 
Division
   
Division
   
Division
   
and Other
   
Total
 
Revenue
                             
Premium income
                             
Life and health insurance
 
$
3,250
   
$
1,096
   
$
1,672
   
$
22
   
$
6,040
 
Annuities and pensions
   
616
     
109
     
209
     
-
     
934
 
Net premium income
   
3,866
     
1,205
     
1,881
     
22
     
6,974
 
Net investment income
   
1,302
     
1,465
     
3,989
     
(9
)
   
6,747
 
Other revenue
   
477
     
949
     
1,596
     
(150
)
   
2,872
 
Total revenue
   
5,645
     
3,619
     
7,466
     
(137
)
   
16,593
 
Contract benefits and expenses
                                       
Life and health insurance
   
3,072
     
1,343
     
4,136
     
6
     
8,557
 
Annuities and pensions
   
555
     
1,111
     
705
     
-
     
2,371
 
Net benefits and claims
   
3,627
     
2,454
     
4,841
     
6
     
10,928
 
Interest expense
   
42
     
67
     
14
     
156
     
279
 
Other expenses
   
1,241
     
1,074
     
1,496
     
(43
)
   
3,768
 
Total contract benefits and expenses
   
4,910
     
3,595
     
6,351
     
119
     
14,975
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
735
     
24
     
1,115
     
(256
)
   
1,618
 
Income tax recovery (expense)
   
(114
)
   
51
     
(340
)
   
99
     
(304
)
Net income (loss)
   
621
     
75
     
775
     
(157
)
   
1,314
 
Less net income (loss) attributed to:
                                       
Non-controlling interests
   
60
     
-
     
-
     
1
     
61
 
Participating policyholders
   
6
     
(9
)
   
1
     
-
     
(2
)
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
 
$
555
   
$
84
   
$
774
   
$
(158
)
 
$
1,255
 


For the three months ended
 
Asia
   
Canadian
   
U.S.
   
Corporate
       
June 30, 2016
 
Division
   
Division
   
Division
   
and Other
   
Total
 
Revenue
                             
Premium income
                             
Life and health insurance
 
$
2,846
   
$
1,107
   
$
1,523
   
$
21
   
$
5,497
 
Annuities and pensions
   
871
     
157
     
181
     
-
     
1,209
 
Net premium income
   
3,717
     
1,264
     
1,704
     
21
     
6,706
 
Net investment income
   
1,397
     
3,153
     
6,483
     
102
     
11,135
 
Other revenue
   
371
     
937
     
1,402
     
84
     
2,794
 
Total revenue
   
5,485
     
5,354
     
9,589
     
207
     
20,635
 
Contract benefits and expenses
                                       
Life and health insurance
   
3,583
     
1,725
     
5,790
     
5
     
11,103
 
Annuities and pensions
   
733
     
2,068
     
1,931
     
-
     
4,732
 
Net benefits and claims
   
4,316
     
3,793
     
7,721
     
5
     
15,835
 
Interest expense
   
35
     
83
     
7
     
133
     
258
 
Other expenses
   
1,042
     
1,055
     
1,289
     
209
     
3,595
 
Total contract benefits and expenses
   
5,393
     
4,931
     
9,017
     
347
     
19,688
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
92
     
423
     
572
     
(140
)
   
947
 
Income tax recovery (expense)
   
(32
)
   
(87
)
   
(165
)
   
53
     
(231
)
Net income (loss)
   
60
     
336
     
407
     
(87
)
   
716
 
Less net income (loss) attributed to:
                                       
Non-controlling interests
   
28
     
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
27
 
Participating policyholders
   
4
     
(23
)
   
-
     
4
     
(15
)
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
 
$
28
   
$
359
   
$
407
   
$
(90
)
 
$
704
 
 
 
 

 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

62

By segment

As at and for the six months ended
 
Asia
   
Canadian
   
U.S.
   
Corporate
       
June 30, 2017
 
Division
   
Division
   
Division
   
and Other
   
Total
 
Revenue
                             
Premium income
                             
Life and health insurance
 
$
6,508
   
$
2,185
   
$
3,298
   
$
43
   
$
12,034
 
Annuities and pensions
   
1,348
     
243
     
399
     
-
     
1,990
 
Net premium income
   
7,856
     
2,428
     
3,697
     
43
     
14,024
 
Net investment income
   
2,248
     
2,772
     
5,629
     
5
     
10,654
 
Other revenue
   
875
     
1,765
     
3,163
     
(338
)
   
5,465
 
Total revenue
   
10,979
     
6,965
     
12,489
     
(290
)
   
30,143
 
Contract benefits and expenses
                                       
Life and health insurance
   
6,131
     
2,824
     
7,544
     
15
     
16,514
 
Annuities and pensions
   
831
     
1,607
     
(278
)
   
-
     
2,160
 
Net benefits and claims
   
6,962
     
4,431
     
7,266
     
15
     
18,674
 
Interest expense
   
81
     
137
     
14
     
306
     
538
 
Other expenses
   
2,435
     
2,207
     
2,997
     
(63
)
   
7,576
 
Total contract benefits and expenses
   
9,478
     
6,775
     
10,277
     
258
     
26,788
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
1,501
     
190
     
2,212
     
(548
)
   
3,355
 
Income tax recovery (expense)
   
(220
)
   
40
     
(669
)
   
199
     
(650
)
Net income (loss)
   
1,281
     
230
     
1,543
     
(349
)
   
2,705
 
Less net income (loss) attributed to:
                                       
Non-controlling interests
   
113
     
-
     
-
     
2
     
115
 
Participating policyholders
   
26
     
(42
)
   
1
     
-
     
(15
)
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
 
$
1,142
   
$
272
   
$
1,542
   
$
(351
)
 
$
2,605
 
Total assets
 
$
100,535
   
$
218,910
   
$
384,606
   
$
21,695
   
$
725,746
 



As at and for the six months ended
 
Asia
   
Canadian
   
U.S.
   
Corporate
       
June 30, 2016
 
Division
   
Division
   
Division
   
and Other
   
Total
 
Revenue
                             
Premium income
                             
Life and health insurance
 
$
5,858
   
$
2,175
   
$
3,149
   
$
43
   
$
11,225
 
Annuities and pensions
   
2,024
     
323
     
(138
)
   
-
     
2,209
 
Net premium income
   
7,882
     
2,498
     
3,011
     
43
     
13,434
 
Net investment income
   
3,356
     
5,885
     
13,702
     
354
     
23,297
 
Other revenue
   
613
     
1,757
     
2,866
     
387
     
5,623
 
Total revenue
   
11,851
     
10,140
     
19,579
     
784
     
42,354
 
Contract benefits and expenses
                                       
Life and health insurance
   
7,562
     
3,118
     
11,617
     
230
     
22,527
 
Annuities and pensions
   
1,921
     
3,625
     
4,434
     
-
     
9,980
 
Net benefits and claims
   
9,483
     
6,743
     
16,051
     
230
     
32,507
 
Interest expense
   
70
     
131
     
13
     
245
     
459
 
Other expenses
   
2,015
     
2,062
     
2,622
     
389
     
7,088
 
Total contract benefits and expenses
   
11,568
     
8,936
     
18,686
     
864
     
40,054
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
283
     
1,204
     
893
     
(80
)
   
2,300
 
Income tax recovery (expense)
   
(72
)
   
(281
)
   
(245
)
   
69
     
(529
)
Net income (loss)
   
211
     
923
     
648
     
(11
)
   
1,771
 
Less net income (loss) attributed to:
                                       
Non-controlling interests
   
57
     
-
     
-
     
(4
)
   
53
 
Participating policyholders
   
5
     
(36
)
   
-
     
-
     
(31
)
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders
 
$
149
   
$
959
   
$
648
   
$
(7
)
 
$
1,749
 
Total assets
 
$
91,203
   
$
213,163
   
$
377,749
   
$
42,471
   
$
724,586
 
 

 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

63


The results of the Company's business segments differ from geographic segmentation primarily as a consequence of segmenting the results of the Company's Corporate and Other segment into the different geographic segments to which its businesses pertain.
By geographic location

For the three months ended
                   
June 30, 2017
Asia
 
Canada
 
U.S.
 
Other
 
Total
 
Revenue
                   
Premium income
                   
Life and health insurance
 
$
3,271
   
$
974
   
$
1,673
   
$
122
   
$
6,040
 
Annuities and pensions
   
616
     
109
     
209
     
-
     
934
 
Net premium income
   
3,887
     
1,083
     
1,882
     
122
     
6,974
 
Net investment income
   
1,324
     
1,526
     
3,929
     
(32
)
   
6,747
 
Other revenue
   
450
     
873
     
1,519
     
30
     
2,872
 
Total revenue
 
$
5,661
   
$
3,482
   
$
7,330
   
$
120
   
$
16,593
 


For the three months ended
                   
June 30, 2016
Asia
 
Canada
 
U.S.
 
Other
 
Total
 
Revenue
                   
Premium income
                   
Life and health insurance
 
$
2,864
   
$
992
   
$
1,523
   
$
118
   
$
5,497
 
Annuities and pensions
   
871
     
157
     
181
     
-
     
1,209
 
Net premium income
   
3,735
     
1,149
     
1,704
     
118
     
6,706
 
Net investment income
   
1,456
     
3,118
     
6,477
     
84
     
11,135
 
Other revenue
   
382
     
907
     
1,493
     
12
     
2,794
 
Total revenue
 
$
5,573
   
$
5,174
   
$
9,674
   
$
214
   
$
20,635
 

By geographic location

For the six months ended
                   
June 30, 2017
Asia
 
Canada
 
U.S.
 
Other
 
Total
 
Revenue
                   
Premium income
                   
Life and health insurance
 
$
6,547
   
$
1,954
   
$
3,299
   
$
234
   
$
12,034
 
Annuities and pensions
   
1,348
     
243
     
399
     
-
     
1,990
 
Net premium income
   
7,895
     
2,197
     
3,698
     
234
     
14,024
 
Net investment income
   
2,324
     
2,827
     
5,490
     
13
     
10,654
 
Other revenue
   
816
     
1,591
     
3,043
     
15
     
5,465
 
Total revenue
 
$
11,035
   
$
6,615
   
$
12,231
   
$
262
   
$
30,143
 







For the six months ended
                   
June 30, 2016
Asia
 
Canada
 
U.S.
 
Other
 
Total
 
Revenue
                   
Premium income
                   
Life and health insurance
 
$
5,895
   
$
1,939
   
$
3,150
   
$
241
   
$
11,225
 
Annuities and pensions
   
2,024
     
323
     
(138
)
   
-
     
2,209
 
Net premium income
   
7,919
     
2,262
     
3,012
     
241
     
13,434
 
Net investment income
   
3,583
     
5,822
     
13,778
     
114
     
23,297
 
Other revenue
   
639
     
1,752
     
3,214
     
18
     
5,623
 
Total revenue
 
$
12,141
   
$
9,836
   
$
20,004
   
$
373
   
$
42,354
 








 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017
64


 
Note 13
Segregated Funds

The Company manages a number of segregated funds on behalf of policyholders. Policyholders are provided the opportunity to invest in different categories of segregated funds that respectively hold a range of underlying investments. The underlying investments of the segregated funds consist of both individual securities and mutual funds (collectively "net assets"). The carrying value and change in segregated funds net assets are as follows.
Segregated funds net assets

As at
 
June 30, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
Investments at market value
           
Cash and short-term securities
 
$
3,451
   
$
4,524
 
Debt securities
   
16,008
     
15,651
 
Equities
   
12,508
     
12,458
 
Mutual funds
   
286,006
     
278,966
 
Other investments
   
4,451
     
4,552
 
Accrued investment income
   
184
     
201
 
Other assets and liabilities, net
   
(799
)
   
(644
)
Total segregated funds net assets
 
$
321,809
   
$
315,708
 
Composition of segregated funds net assets
               
Held by policyholders
 
$
321,267
   
$
315,177
 
Held by the Company
   
542
     
531
 
Total segregated funds net assets
 
$
321,809
   
$
315,708
 


Changes in segregated funds net assets

   
three months ended June 30,
   
six months ended June 30,
 
For the
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Net policyholder cash flow
                       
Deposits from policyholders
 
$
8,544
   
$
7,899
   
$
18,176
   
$
16,592
 
Net transfers to general fund
   
(359
)
   
(272
)
   
(600
)
   
(293
)
Payments to policyholders
   
(11,031
)
   
(9,548
)
   
(22,863
)
   
(18,781
)
     
(2,846
)
   
(1,921
)
   
(5,287
)
   
(2,482
)
Investment related
                               
Interest and dividends
   
905
     
683
     
1,844
     
1,546
 
Net realized and unrealized investment gains (losses)
   
7,197
     
5,290
     
19,055
     
4,600
 
     
8,102
     
5,973
     
20,899
     
6,146
 
Other
                               
Management and administration fees
   
(1,108
)
   
(1,025
)
   
(2,347
)
   
(2,259
)
Impact of changes in foreign exchange rates
   
(6,001
)
   
1,456
     
(7,164
)
   
(11,494
)
     
(7,109
)
   
431
     
(9,511
)
   
(13,753
)
Net additions (deductions)
   
(1,853
)
   
4,483
     
6,101
     
(10,089
)
Segregated funds net assets, beginning of period
   
323,662
     
299,175
     
315,708
     
313,747
 
Segregated funds net assets, end of period
 
$
321,809
   
$
303,658
   
$
321,809
   
$
303,658
 


The net assets may be exposed to a variety of financial and other risks. These risks are primarily mitigated by investment guidelines that are actively monitored by professional and experienced portfolio advisors. The Company is not exposed to these risks beyond the liabilities related to guarantees associated with certain variable life and annuity products. Accordingly, the Company's exposure to loss from segregated fund products is limited to the value of these guarantees.
These guarantee liabilities are recorded within the Company's insurance contract liabilities. Assets supporting these guarantees are recognized in invested assets according to their investment type. The "Risk Management and Risk Factors" section of the Company's Second Quarter 2017 MD&A provides information regarding the risks associated with variable annuity and segregated fund guarantees.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 

65



Note 14 Information Provided in Connection with Investments in Deferred Annuity Contracts and SignatureNotes Issued or Assumed by John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.)

The following condensed consolidating financial information, presented in accordance with IFRS, has been included in these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements with respect to JHUSA in compliance with Regulation S-X and Rule 12h-5 of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"). These financial statements are (i) incorporated by reference in the registration statements of MFC and JHUSA that relate to MFC's guarantee of certain securities to be issued by JHUSA and (ii) are provided in reliance on an exemption from continuous disclosure obligations of JHUSA. For information about JHUSA, the MFC guarantees and restrictions on the ability of MFC to obtain funds from its subsidiaries by dividend or loan, refer to note 23 to the Company's 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

As at June 30, 2017
 
MFC
(Guarantor)
   
JHUSA
(Issuer)
   
Other
subsidiaries
   
Consolidation
adjustments
   
Consolidated
MFC
 
Assets
                             
Invested assets
 
$
50
   
$
106,944
   
$
222,681
   
$
(379
)
 
$
329,296
 
Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
50,883
     
6,954
     
35,540
     
(93,377
)
   
-
 
Reinsurance assets
   
-
     
47,574
     
9,802
     
(25,930
)
   
31,446
 
Other assets
   
18,459
     
23,920
     
61,426
     
(60,068
)
   
43,737
 
Segregated funds net assets
   
-
     
177,446
     
145,686
     
(1,865
)
   
321,267
 
Total assets
 
$
69,392
   
$
362,838
   
$
475,135
   
$
(181,619
)
 
$
725,746
 
Liabilities and equity
                                       
Insurance contract liabilities
 
$
-
   
$
142,802
   
$
182,815
   
$
(26,778
)
 
$
298,839
 
Investment contract liabilities
   
-
     
1,189
     
2,009
     
(3
)
   
3,195
 
Other liabilities
   
19,284
     
23,258
     
62,300
     
(59,793
)
   
45,049
 
Long-term debt
   
5,533
     
-
     
8
     
-
     
5,541
 
Capital instruments
   
1,436
     
605
     
23,719
     
(18,130
)
   
7,630
 
Segregated funds net liabilities
   
-
     
177,446
     
145,686
     
(1,865
)
   
321,267
 
Shareholders' equity
   
43,139
     
17,538
     
57,512
     
(75,050
)
   
43,139
 
Participating policyholders' equity
   
-
     
-
     
233
     
-
     
233
 
Non-controlling interests
   
-
     
-
     
853
     
-
     
853
 
Total liabilities and equity
 
$
69,392
   
$
362,838
   
$
475,135
   
$
(181,619
)
 
$
725,746
 



 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 
66

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

As at December 31, 2016
 
MFC
(Guarantor)
   
JHUSA
(Issuer)
   
Other
subsidiaries
   
Consolidation
adjustments
   
Consolidated
MFC
 
Assets
                             
Invested assets
 
$
161
   
$
109,063
   
$
213,043
   
$
(398
)
 
$
321,869
 
Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
47,758
     
6,457
     
17,504
     
(71,719
)
   
-
 
Reinsurance assets
   
-
     
51,537
     
10,069
     
(26,654
)
   
34,952
 
Other assets
   
315
     
28,718
     
41,723
     
(22,073
)
   
48,683
 
Segregated funds net assets
   
-
     
174,917
     
142,400
     
(2,140
)
   
315,177
 
Total assets
 
$
48,234
   
$
370,692
   
$
424,739
   
$
(122,984
)
 
$
720,681
 
Liabilities and equity
                                       
Insurance contract liabilities
 
$
-
   
$
147,504
   
$
177,524
   
$
(27,523
)
 
$
297,505
 
Investment contract liabilities
   
-
     
1,251
     
2,027
     
(3
)
   
3,275
 
Other liabilities
   
252
     
28,892
     
41,653
     
(21,772
)
   
49,025
 
Long-term debt
   
5,689
     
-
     
7
     
-
     
5,696
 
Capital instruments
   
461
     
627
     
6,226
     
(134
)
   
7,180
 
Segregated funds net liabilities
   
-
     
174,917
     
142,400
     
(2,140
)
   
315,177
 
Shareholders' equity
   
41,832
     
17,501
     
53,912
     
(71,413
)
   
41,832
 
Participating policyholders' equity
   
-
     
-
     
248
     
-
     
248
 
Non-controlling interests
   
-
     
-
     
742
     
1
     
743
 
Total liabilities and equity
 
$
48,234
   
$
370,692
   
$
424,739
   
$
(122,984
)
 
$
720,681
 

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income

For the three months ended
                           
June 30, 2017
 
MFC
 (Guarantor)
   
JHUSA
 (Issuer)
   
Other
subsidiaries
   
Consolidation
adjustments
   
Consolidated
MFC
 
Revenue
                             
Net premium income
 
$
-
   
$
875
   
$
6,101
   
$
(2
)
 
$
6,974
 
Net investment income (loss)
   
70
     
3,149
     
3,785
     
(257
)
   
6,747
 
Net other revenue
   
2
     
1,028
     
3,408
     
(1,566
)
   
2,872
 
Total revenue
   
72
     
5,052
     
13,294
     
(1,825
)
   
16,593
 
Contract benefits and expenses
                                       
Net benefits and claims
   
-
     
4,180
     
7,491
     
(743
)
   
10,928
 
Commissions, investment and general expenses
   
2
     
749
     
3,745
     
(822
)
   
3,674
 
Other expenses
   
93
     
62
     
478
     
(260
)
   
373
 
Total contract benefits and expenses
   
95
     
4,991
     
11,714
     
(1,825
)
   
14,975
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
(23
)
   
61
     
1,580
     
-
     
1,618
 
Income tax (expense) recovery
   
6
     
43
     
(353
)
   
-
     
(304
)
Income (loss) after income taxes
   
(17
)
   
104
     
1,227
     
-
     
1,314
 
Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
1,272
     
322
     
426
     
(2,020
)
   
-
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
1,255
   
$
426
   
$
1,653
   
$
(2,020
)
 
$
1,314
 
Net income (loss) attributed to:
                                       
Non-controlling interests
 
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
61
   
$
-
   
$
61
 
Participating policyholders
   
-
     
13
     
(2
)
   
(13
)
   
(2
)
Shareholders
   
1,255
     
413
     
1,594
     
(2,007
)
   
1,255
 
   
$
1,255
   
$
426
   
$
1,653
   
$
(2,020
)
 
$
1,314
 

 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 
67

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income

For the three months ended
                           
June 30, 2016
 
MFC
 (Guarantor)
   
JHUSA
(Issuer)
   
Other
subsidiaries
   
Consolidation
adjustments
   
Consolidated
MFC
 
Revenue
                             
Net premium income
 
$
-
   
$
1,244
   
$
5,462
   
$
-
   
$
6,706
 
Net investment income (loss)
   
102
     
5,387
     
6,049
     
(403
)
   
11,135
 
Net other revenue
   
1
     
503
     
4,322
     
(2,032
)
   
2,794
 
Total revenue
   
103
     
7,134
     
15,833
     
(2,435
)
   
20,635
 
Contract benefits and expenses
                                       
Net benefits and claims
   
-
     
5,967
     
11,653
     
(1,785
)
   
15,835
 
Commissions, investment and general expenses
   
1
     
787
     
3,169
     
(464
)
   
3,493
 
Other expenses
   
61
     
(135
)
   
620
     
(186
)
   
360
 
Total contract benefits and expenses
   
62
     
6,619
     
15,442
     
(2,435
)
   
19,688
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
41
     
515
     
391
     
-
     
947
 
Income tax (expense) recovery
   
(11
)
   
(122
)
   
(98
)
   
-
     
(231
)
Income (loss) after income taxes
   
30
     
393
     
293
     
-
     
716
 
Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
674
     
62
     
455
     
(1,191
)
   
-
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
704
   
$
455
   
$
748
   
$
(1,191
)
 
$
716
 
Net income (loss) attributed to:
                                       
Non-controlling interests
 
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
27
   
$
-
   
$
27
 
Participating policyholders
   
-
     
(18
)
   
(15
)
   
18
     
(15
)
Shareholders
   
704
     
473
     
736
     
(1,209
)
   
704
 
   
$
704
   
$
455
   
$
748
   
$
(1,191
)
 
$
716
 

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income

For the six months ended
                           
June 30, 2017
 
MFC
(Guarantor)
   
JHUSA
 (Issuer)
   
Other
subsidiaries
   
Consolidation
adjustments
   
Consolidated
 MFC
 
Revenue
                             
Net premium income
 
$
-
   
$
2,170
   
$
11,856
   
$
(2
)
 
$
14,024
 
Net investment income (loss)
   
82
     
4,282
     
6,653
     
(363
)
   
10,654
 
Net other revenue
   
3
     
1,674
     
5,553
     
(1,765
)
   
5,465
 
Total revenue
   
85
     
8,126
     
24,062
     
(2,130
)
   
30,143
 
Contract benefits and expenses
                                       
Net benefits and claims
   
-
     
6,441
     
12,762
     
(529
)
   
18,674
 
Commissions, investment and general expenses
   
3
     
1,541
     
7,100
     
(1,248
)
   
7,396
 
Other expenses
   
180
     
101
     
790
     
(353
)
   
718
 
Total contract benefits and expenses
   
183
     
8,083
     
20,652
     
(2,130
)
   
26,788
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
(98
)
   
43
     
3,410
     
-
     
3,355
 
Income tax (expense) recovery
   
26
     
101
     
(777
)
   
-
     
(650
)
Income (loss) after income taxes
   
(72
)
   
144
     
2,633
     
-
     
2,705
 
Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
2,677
     
637
     
781
     
(4,095
)
   
-
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
2,605
   
$
781
   
$
3,414
   
$
(4,095
)
 
$
2,705
 
Net income (loss) attributed to:
                                       
Non-controlling interests
 
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
115
   
$
-
   
$
115
 
Participating policyholders
   
-
     
(1
)
   
(15
)
   
1
     
(15
)
Shareholders
   
2,605
     
782
     
3,314
     
(4,096
)
   
2,605
 
   
$
2,605
   
$
781
   
$
3,414
   
$
(4,095
)
 
$
2,705
 

 
 

 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 
68

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income

For the six months ended
                           
June 30, 2016
 
MFC
(Guarantor)
   
JHUSA
(Issuer)
   
Other
subsidiaries
   
Consolidation
adjustments
   
Consolidated
MFC
 
Revenue
                             
Net premium income
 
$
-
   
$
2,082
   
$
11,352
   
$
-
   
$
13,434
 
Net investment income (loss)
   
102
     
11,454
     
12,281
     
(540
)
   
23,297
 
Net other revenue
   
43
     
1,441
     
9,229
     
(5,090
)
   
5,623
 
Total revenue
   
145
     
14,977
     
32,862
     
(5,630
)
   
42,354
 
Contract benefits and expenses
                                       
Net benefits and claims
   
-
     
13,236
     
23,665
     
(4,394
)
   
32,507
 
Commissions, investment and general expenses
   
1
     
1,570
     
6,251
     
(926
)
   
6,896
 
Other expenses
   
99
     
(68
)
   
930
     
(310
)
   
651
 
Total contract benefits and expenses
   
100
     
14,738
     
30,846
     
(5,630
)
   
40,054
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
45
     
239
     
2,016
     
-
     
2,300
 
Income tax (expense) recovery
   
82
     
(28
)
   
(583
)
   
-
     
(529
)
Income (loss) after income taxes
   
127
     
211
     
1,433
     
-
     
1,771
 
Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
1,622
     
187
     
398
     
(2,207
)
   
-
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
1,749
   
$
398
   
$
1,831
   
$
(2,207
)
 
$
1,771
 
Net income (loss) attributed to:
                                       
Non-controlling interests
 
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
53
   
$
-
   
$
53
 
Participating policyholders
   
-
     
(37
)
   
(31
)
   
37
     
(31
)
Shareholders
   
1,749
     
435
     
1,809
     
(2,244
)
   
1,749
 
   
$
1,749
   
$
398
   
$
1,831
   
$
(2,207
)
 
$
1,771
 

 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 
69

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the six months ended June 30, 2017
 
MFC
(Guarantor)
   
JHUSA
(Issuer)
   
Other
subsidiaries
   
Consolidation
adjustments
   
Consolidated
MFC
 
Operating activities
                             
Net income (loss)
 
$
2,605
   
$
781
   
$
3,414
   
$
(4,095
)
 
$
2,705
 
Adjustments:
                                       
    Equity in net income of unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
(2,677
)
   
(637
)
   
(781
)
   
4,095
     
-
 
    Increase (decrease) in insurance contract liabilities
   
-
     
1,048
     
6,516
     
-
     
7,564
 
    Increase (decrease) in investment contract liabilities
   
-
     
28
     
67
     
-
     
95
 
    (Increase) decrease in reinsurance assets
   
-
     
2,055
     
202
     
-
     
2,257
 
    Amortization of (premium) discount on invested assets
   
-
     
5
     
71
     
-
     
76
 
    Other amortization
   
2
     
62
     
201
     
-
     
265
 
    Net realized and unrealized (gains) losses and impairment on assets
   
(6
)
   
(1,555
)
   
(3,183
)
   
-
     
(4,744
)
    Deferred income tax expense (recovery)
   
(23
)
   
(313
)
   
901
     
-
     
565
 
    Stock option expense
   
-
     
(1
)
   
11
     
-
     
10
 
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities before undernoted items
   
(99
)
   
1,473
     
7,419
     
-
     
8,793
 
Dividends from unconsolidated subsidiary
   
-
     
10
     
338
     
(348
)
   
-
 
Changes in policy related and operating receivables and payables
   
(92
)
   
(751
)
   
106
     
-
     
(737
)
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities
   
(191
)
   
732
     
7,863
     
(348
)
   
8,056
 
Investing activities
                                       
Purchases and mortgage advances
   
-
     
(14,096
)
   
(29,770
)
   
-
     
(43,866
)
Disposals and repayments
   
-
     
13,793
     
22,669
     
-
     
36,462
 
Changes in investment broker net receivables and payables
   
-
     
61
     
105
     
-
     
166
 
Investment in common shares of subsidiaries
   
(985
)
   
-
     
-
     
985
     
-
 
Net cash decrease from purchase of subsidiaries and businesses
   
-
     
-
     
(10
)
   
-
     
(10
)
Capital contribution to unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
-
     
(58
)
   
-
     
58
     
-
 
Return of capital from unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
-
     
5
     
-
     
(5
)
   
-
 
Notes receivable from parent
   
-
     
-
     
(19,185
)
   
19,185
     
-
 
Notes receivable from subsidiaries
   
(18,263
)
   
(32
)
   
-
     
18,295
     
-
 
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities
   
(19,248
)
   
(327
)
   
(26,191
)
   
38,518
     
(7,248
)
Financing activities
                                       
Increase (decrease) in repurchase agreements and securities
    sold but not yet purchased
   
-
     
-
     
1
     
-
     
1
 
Issue of capital instruments, net
   
994
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
994
 
Redemption of capital instruments
   
-
     
-
     
(499
)
   
-
     
(499
)
Secured borrowings from securitization transactions
   
-
     
-
     
441
     
-
     
441
 
Changes in deposits from Bank clients, net
   
-
     
-
     
342
     
-
     
342
 
Shareholders' dividends paid in cash
   
(889
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
(889
)
Dividends paid to parent
   
-
     
(338
)
   
(10
)
   
348
     
-
 
Contributions from (distributions to) non-controlling interests, net
   
-
     
-
     
(5
)
   
-
     
(5
)
Common shares issued, net
   
39
     
-
     
985
     
(985
)
   
39
 
Capital contributions by parent
   
-
     
-
     
58
     
(58
)
   
-
 
Return of capital to parent
   
-
     
-
     
(5
)
   
5
     
-
 
Notes payable to parent
   
-
     
-
     
18,295
     
(18,295
)
   
-
 
Notes payable to subsidiaries
   
19,185
     
-
     
-
     
(19,185
)
   
-
 
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
   
19,329
     
(338
)
   
19,603
     
(38,170
)
   
424
 
Cash and short-term securities
                                       
Increase (decrease) during the period
   
(110
)
   
67
     
1,275
     
-
     
1,232
 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and short-term
  securities
   
(1
)
   
(141
)
   
(168
)
   
-
     
(310
)
Balance, beginning of period
   
161
     
3,787
     
10,290
     
-
     
14,238
 
Balance, end of period
   
50
     
3,713
     
11,397
     
-
     
15,160
 
Cash and short-term securities
                                       
Beginning of period
                                       
Gross cash and short-term securities
   
161
     
4,317
     
10,673
     
-
     
15,151
 
Net payments in transit, included in other liabilities
   
-
     
(530
)
   
(383
)
   
-
     
(913
)
Net cash and short-term securities, beginning of period
   
161
     
3,787
     
10,290
     
-
     
14,238
 
End of period
                                       
Gross cash and short-term securities
   
50
     
4,103
     
11,713
     
-
     
15,866
 
Net payments in transit, included in other liabilities
   
-
     
(390
)
   
(316
)
   
-
     
(706
)
Net cash and short-term securities, end of period
 
$
50
   
$
3,713
   
$
11,397
   
$
-
   
$
15,160
 
Supplemental disclosures on cash flow information:
                                       
Interest received
 
$
8
   
$
2,205
   
$
3,314
   
$
(200
)
 
$
5,327
 
Interest paid
   
168
     
47
     
524
     
(200
)
   
539
 
Income taxes paid (recovered)
   
66
     
356
     
(86
)
   
-
     
336
 

 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 
70

 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the six months ended June 30, 2016
 
MFC
(Guarantor)
   
JHUSA
(Issuer)
   
Other
subsidiaries
   
Consolidation
adjustments
   
Consolidated
MFC
 
Operating activities
                             
Net income (loss)
 
$
1,749
   
$
398
   
$
1,831
   
$
(2,207
)
 
$
1,771
 
Adjustments:
                                       
    Equity in net income of unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
(1,622
)
   
(187
)
   
(398
)
   
2,207
     
-
 
    Increase (decrease) in insurance contract liabilities
   
-
     
11,036
     
13,229
     
-
     
24,265
 
    Increase (decrease) in investment contract liabilities
   
-
     
30
     
(89
)
   
-
     
(59
)
    (Increase) decrease in reinsurance assets
   
-
     
(3,997
)
   
3,813
     
-
     
(184
)
    Amortization of (premium) discount on invested assets
   
-
     
(4
)
   
41
     
-
     
37
 
    Other amortization
   
1
     
69
     
197
     
-
     
267
 
    Net realized and unrealized (gains) losses and impairment on assets
   
26
     
(8,771
)
   
(9,977
)
   
-
     
(18,722
)
    Deferred income tax expense (recovery)
   
1
     
652
     
(130
)
   
-
     
523
 
    Stock option expense
   
-
     
1
     
12
     
-
     
13
 
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities before undernoted items
   
155
     
(773
)
   
8,529
     
-
     
7,911
 
Dividends from unconsolidated subsidiary
   
-
     
39
     
-
     
(39
)
   
-
 
Changes in policy related and operating receivables and payables
   
(128
)
   
1,087
     
(1,895
)
   
-
     
(936
)
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities
   
27
     
353
     
6,634
     
(39
)
   
6,975
 
Investing activities
                                       
Purchases and mortgage advances
   
(29
)
   
(14,760
)
   
(35,514
)
   
-
     
(50,303
)
Disposals and repayments
   
-
     
16,665
     
24,960
     
-
     
41,625
 
Changes in investment broker net receivables and payables
   
-
     
(66
)
   
216
     
-
     
150
 
Investment in common shares of subsidiaries
   
(4,495
)
   
-
     
-
     
4,495
     
-
 
Net cash decrease from purchase of subsidiaries and businesses
   
-
     
-
     
(89
)
   
-
     
(89
)
Capital contribution to unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
-
     
(347
)
   
-
     
347
     
-
 
Return of capital from unconsolidated subsidiaries
   
-
     
1
     
-
     
(1
)
   
-
 
Notes receivable from parent
   
-
     
-
     
(24,177
)
   
24,177
     
-
 
Notes receivable from subsidiaries
   
(23,305
)
   
(26
)
   
-
     
23,331
     
-
 
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities
   
(27,829
)
   
1,467
     
(34,604
)
   
52,349
     
(8,617
)
Financing activities
                                       
Increase (decrease) in repurchase agreements and securities
    sold but not yet purchased
   
-
     
263
     
389
     
-
     
652
 
Issue of long-term debt, net
   
3,538
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
3,538
 
Redemption of long-term debt
   
-
     
-
     
(8
)
   
-
     
(8
)
Issue of capital instruments, net
   
479
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
479
 
Secured borrowings from securitization transactions
   
-
     
-
     
548
     
-
     
548
 
Changes in deposits from Bank clients, net
   
-
     
-
     
503
     
-
     
503
 
Shareholders' dividends paid in cash
   
(795
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
(795
)
Dividends paid to parent
   
-
     
-
     
(39
)
   
39
     
-
 
Contributions from (distributions to) non-controlling interests, net
   
-
     
-
     
15
     
-
     
15
 
Common shares issued, net
   
16
     
-
     
4,495
     
(4,495
)
   
16
 
Preferred shares issued, net
   
417
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
417
 
Capital contributions by parent
   
-
     
-
     
347
     
(347
)
   
-
 
Return of capital to parent
   
-
     
-
     
(1
)
   
1
     
-
 
Notes payable to parent
   
-
     
-
     
23,331
     
(23,331
)
   
-
 
Notes payable to subsidiaries
   
24,177
     
-
     
-
     
(24,177
)
   
-
 
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
   
27,832
     
263
     
29,580
     
(52,310
)
   
5,365
 
Cash and short-term securities
                                       
Increase (decrease) during the period
   
30
     
2,083
     
1,610
     
-
     
3,723
 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and short-term
  securities
   
(2
)
   
(268
)
   
(241
)
   
-
     
(511
)
Balance, beginning of period
   
122
     
4,444
     
12,436
     
-
     
17,002
 
Balance, end of period
   
150
     
6,259
     
13,805
     
-
     
20,214
 
Cash and short-term securities
                                       
Beginning of period
                                       
Gross cash and short-term securities
   
122
     
4,938
     
12,825
     
-
     
17,885
 
Net payments in transit, included in other liabilities
   
-
     
(494
)
   
(389
)
   
-
     
(883
)
Net cash and short-term securities, beginning of period
   
122
     
4,444
     
12,436
     
-
     
17,002
 
End of period
                                       
Gross cash and short-term securities
   
150
     
6,643
     
14,109
     
-
     
20,902
 
Net payments in transit, included in other liabilities
   
-
     
(384
)
   
(304
)
   
-
     
(688
)
Net cash and short-term securities, end of period
 
$
150
   
$
6,259
   
$
13,805
   
$
-
   
$
20,214
 
Supplemental disclosures on cash flow information:
                                       
Interest received
 
$
-
   
$
2,310
   
$
3,181
   
$
(170
)
 
$
5,321
 
Interest paid
   
60
     
100
     
458
     
(170
)
   
448
 
Income taxes paid
   
25
     
48
     
428
     
-
     
501
 
 
 

 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 
71


Note 15       Comparatives

Certain comparative amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period's presentation.



















































 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 
72

 
 
 
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION
 
 MANULIFE
 HEAD OFFICE
 200 Bloor Street East
 Toronto, ON Canada M4W 1E5
 Telephone: 416 926-3000
 Fax: 416 926-5454
 Web site: www.manulife.com
 
 INVESTOR RELATIONS
 Financial analysts, portfolio managers and
 other investors requiring financial information
 may contact our Investor Relations Department
 or access our Web site at www.manulife.com
 Fax: 416 926-6285
 E-mail: investor_relations@manulife.com
 
 SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
 For information or assistance regarding
 your share account, including dividends,
 changes of address or ownership, lost
 certificates, to eliminate duplicate mailings
 or to receive shareholder material
 electronically, please contact our Transfer
 Agents in Canada, the United States, Hong
 Kong or the Philippines. If you live outside one
 of these countries please contact our Canadian
 Transfer Agent.
 
 
 TRANSFER AGENTS
 
 Canada
 CST Trust Company
 P.O. Box 700, Station B
 Montreal, QC Canada H3B 3K3
 Toll Free: 1 800 783-9495
 Collect: 416 682-3864
 E-mail: inquiries@canstockta.com
 Online: www.canstockta.com
 CST Trust Company offices are also located
 in Toronto, Vancouver and Calgary.
 
 United States
 Computershare Inc.
 P.O. Box 505000
 Louisville, KY  40233
 Overnight correspondence should be sent to:
 Computershare
 462 South 4th Street, Suite 1600
 Louisville, KY  40202
 Toll Free: 1 800 249-7702
 Collect: 201 680-6578
 E-mail: web.queries@computershare.com
 Online: www.computershare.com/investor
 
 Hong Kong
 Computershare Hong Kong Investor
 Services Limited
 17M Floor, Hopewell Centre
 183 Queen’s Road East
 Wan Chai, Hong Kong
 Telephone: 852 2862–8555
 E-mail: hkinfo@computershare.com.hk
 Online: www.computershare.com/investor
 
 
 Philippines
 Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation
 Ground Floor, West Wing
 GPL (Grepalife) Building
 221 Senator Gil Puyat Avenue
 Makati City, Philippines
 Telephone: 632 318-8567
 E-mail: rcbcstocktransfer@rcbc.com
 Online: www.rcbc.com
 
 AUDITORS
 Ernst & Young LLP
 Chartered Professional Accountants
 Licensed Public Accountants
 Toronto, Canada
 
 
 The following Manulife documents are available
 online at www.manulife.com
 
· Annual Report and Proxy Circular
· Notice of Annual Meeting
· Shareholders Reports
· Public Accountability Statement
· Corporate Governance material
 
 
 
RATING
Financial strength is a key factor in generating new business, maintaining and expanding distribution relations and providing a base for expansion, acquisitions and growth. As at June 30, 2017, Manulife had total capital of C$52.0 billion, including C$43.1 billion of total shareholders’ equity. The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company’s financial strength and claims paying ability ratings are among the strongest in the insurance industry.
                                                                                                                                              
 
Rating Agency
Standard & Poor’s
Rating
AA-
Rank
(4th of 21 ratings)
 
Moody’s Investors Services
A1
(5th of 21 ratings)
 
Fitch Ratings
AA-
(4th of 19 ratings)
 
DBRS
AA (low)
(4th of 22 ratings)
 
A.M. Best Company
A+ (Superior)
(2nd of 13 ratings)
 
 
COMMON STOCK TRADING DATA
The following values are the high, low and close prices plus the average daily trading volume for Manulife Financial Corporation’s common stock on the Toronto Stock Exchange, the U.S. exchanges, The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong and the Philippine Stock Exchange for the second quarter. The common stock symbol is MFC on all exchanges except Hong Kong where it is 945.
             As at June 30, 2017, there were 1,977 million common shares outstanding.
 
 
April 1 – 
June 30, 2017
Toronto
Canadian $
U.S.
Composite
United States $
Hong Kong
Hong Kong $
Philippines
Philippine
Pesos 
 
High
$ 24.87 
$ 18.95 
$ 146.90
 P 850
 
Low
$ 22.61
$ 16.62
$ 130.50
 P 770
 
Close
$ 24.31
$ 18.76 
    $ 146.30
  P 835
 
Average Daily 
Volume (000)
4,464
2,559
46
0.13

 
 
 
 

Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 
73

 
 
Consent to receive documents electronically
 
 
Electronic documents available from Manulife
 
Manulife is pleased to offer Electronic Documents. Access the
information when you want, no more waiting for the mail.
 
The Manulife documents available electronically are:
· Annual Report and Proxy Circular
· Notice of Annual Meeting
· Shareholder Reports
· Public Accountability Statement
· Corporate Governance material
 
These documents will be available to you on our Web site at www.manulife.com at the same time as they are mailed to other shareholders. Documents relating to the annual meeting, including annual reports will be available on the Web site at least until the next version is available.
 
We will notify you when documents will be available on the Web site and confirm the instructions for accessing the documents at the same time. In the event that the documents are not available on our Web site, paper copies will be mailed to you.
 
This information is also available for viewing or download under quarterly reports from the Investor Relations section of our Web site at www.manulife.com

.
……………………………………………………….………….………………….………Detach here ..…………………………..……………………………………………………


To receive documents electronically when they are available through
Manulife’s electronic delivery service, complete this form and
return it as indicated.
 
I have read and understand the statement on the reverse and consent to
receive electronically the Manulife documents listed in the
manner described. I acknowledge that I have the computer requirements
to access the documents that are made available on Manulife’s
Web site. I understand that I am not required to consent to electronic
delivery and that I may revoke my consent at any time.
 
Please note: We will contact you by phone only if there is a problem with
your email address.
 
The information provided is confidential and will not be used for any
purpose other than that described.
 
Please Print:
 
_________________________________________________________
Shareholder Name
 
_________________________________________________________
Contact Phone Number
 
_________________________________________________________
Shareholder email Address
 
 
 
_________________________________________________________
Shareholder Signature
 
_________________________________________________________
Date
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Manulife Financial Corporation – Second Quarter 2017 
74