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Fair Value Disclosures (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Aug. 31, 2017
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Financial Assets and Liabilities Accounted for at Fair Value on Recurring Basis The following is a summary of our financial assets and liabilities that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis, excluding Investments at fair value based on net asset value (“NAV”) of $24.2 million and $24.3 million at August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016, respectively, by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):
 
August 31, 2017
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Counterparty and
Cash Collateral
Netting (1)
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
1,616,600

 
$
75,517

 
$
22,174

 
$

 
$
1,714,291

Corporate debt securities

 
2,732,943

 
25,015

 

 
2,757,958

Collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations

 
54,433

 
38,203

 

 
92,636

U.S. government and federal agency securities
1,834,270

 
95,175

 

 

 
1,929,445

Municipal securities

 
680,634

 

 

 
680,634

Sovereign obligations
1,384,264

 
668,053

 

 

 
2,052,317

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 
1,671,170

 
20,649

 

 
1,691,819

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 
508,665

 
17,636

 

 
526,301

Other asset-backed securities

 
157,354

 
68,946

 

 
226,300

Loans and other receivables

 
2,014,650

 
62,656

 

 
2,077,306

Derivatives
67,400

 
2,647,286

 
2,671

 
(2,544,283
)
 
173,074

Investments at fair value

 

 
90,417

 

 
90,417

Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV
$
4,902,534

 
$
11,305,880

 
$
348,367

 
$
(2,544,283
)
 
$
14,012,498

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
1,310,423

 
$
23,821

 
$
119

 
$

 
$
1,334,363

Corporate debt securities

 
1,574,931

 
522

 

 
1,575,453

U.S. government and federal agency securities
1,314,800

 

 

 

 
1,314,800

Municipal securities

 
44

 

 

 
44

Sovereign obligations
1,600,423

 
653,106

 

 

 
2,253,529

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 
979

 
35

 

 
1,014

Loans

 
1,434,380

 
3,285

 

 
1,437,665

Derivatives
147,101

 
3,051,821

 
7,753

 
(2,663,043
)
 
543,632

Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased
$
4,372,747

 
$
6,739,082

 
$
11,714

 
$
(2,663,043
)
 
$
8,460,500

Short-term borrowings
$

 
$
4,281

 
$

 
$

 
$
4,281

Long-term debt
$

 
$
553,870

 
$

 
$

 
$
553,870

(1)
Represents counterparty and cash collateral netting across the levels of the fair value hierarchy for positions with the same counterparty.
 
November 30, 2016
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Counterparty and
Cash Collateral
Netting (1)
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
1,742,463

 
$
90,662

 
$
21,739

 
$

 
$
1,854,864

Corporate debt securities

 
2,675,020

 
25,005

 

 
2,700,025

Collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations

 
54,306

 
54,354

 

 
108,660

U.S. government and federal agency securities
2,389,397

 
56,726

 

 

 
2,446,123

Municipal securities

 
708,469

 
27,257

 

 
735,726

Sovereign obligations
1,432,556

 
990,492

 

 

 
2,423,048

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 
960,494

 
38,772

 

 
999,266

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 
296,405

 
20,580

 

 
316,985

Other asset-backed securities

 
63,587

 
40,911

 

 
104,498

Loans and other receivables

 
1,557,233

 
81,872

 

 
1,639,105

Derivatives
3,825

 
4,606,278

 
6,429

 
(4,255,998
)
 
360,534

Investments at fair value

 

 
96,369

 

 
96,369

Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV
$
5,568,241

 
$
12,059,672

 
$
413,288

 
$
(4,255,998
)
 
$
13,785,203

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
1,577,405

 
$
16,806

 
$
313

 
$

 
$
1,594,524

Corporate debt securities

 
1,718,424

 
523

 

 
1,718,947

U.S. government and federal agency securities
976,497

 

 

 

 
976,497

Sovereign obligations
1,375,590

 
1,253,754

 

 

 
2,629,344

Loans

 
801,977

 
378

 

 
802,355

Derivatives
568

 
4,856,310

 
9,870

 
(4,229,213
)
 
637,535

Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased
$
3,930,060

 
$
8,647,271

 
$
11,084

 
$
(4,229,213
)
 
$
8,359,202

Other secured financings
$

 
$
41,350

 
$
418

 
$

 
$
41,768

Long-term debt
$

 
$
248,856

 
$

 
$

 
$
248,856

(1)
Represents counterparty and cash collateral netting across the levels of the fair value hierarchy for positions with the same counterparty.
Investments Measured at Fair Value Based on Net Asset Value Per Share The following tables present information about our investments in entities that have the characteristics of an investment company (in thousands):
 
August 31, 2017
 
Fair Value (1)
 
Unfunded
Commitments
 
Redemption Frequency
(if currently eligible)
Equity Long/Short Hedge Funds (2)
$
34,931

 
$

 
Monthly, Quarterly
Fixed Income and High Yield Hedge Funds (3)
421

 

 
Fund of Funds (4)
183

 

 
Equity Funds (5)
33,568

 
19,084

 
Multi-asset Funds (6)
125,004

 

 
Total
$
194,107

 
$
19,084

 
 
 
November 30, 2016
 
Fair Value (1)
 
Unfunded
Commitments
 
Redemption Frequency
(if currently eligible)
Equity Long/Short Hedge Funds (2)
$
34,446

 
$

 
Monthly, Quarterly
Fixed Income and High Yield Hedge Funds (3)
772

 

 
Fund of Funds (4)
230

 

 
Equity Funds (5)
42,179

 
20,295

 
Multi-asset Funds (6)
133,190

 

 
Total
$
210,817

 
$
20,295

 
 
(1)
Where fair value is calculated based on NAV, fair value has been derived from each of the funds’ capital statements.
(2)
This category includes investments in hedge funds that invest, long and short, primarily in equity securities in domestic and international markets in both the public and private sectors. At August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016, approximately 1% and 2%, respectively, of the fair value of investments in this category are classified as being in liquidation.
(3)
This category includes investments in funds that invest in loans secured by a first trust deed on property, domestic and international public high yield debt, private high yield investments, senior bank loans, public leveraged equities, distressed debt and private equity investments. There are no redemption provisions.
(4)
This category includes investments in fund of funds that invest in various private equity funds. The investments in this category are managed by us and have no redemption provisions. These investments are gradually being liquidated or we have requested redemption, however, we are unable to estimate when these funds will be received.
(5)
At August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016, the investments in this category include investments in equity funds that invest in the equity of various U.S. and foreign private companies in the energy, technology, internet service and telecommunication service industries. These investments cannot be redeemed; instead, distributions are received through the liquidation of the underlying assets of the funds which are expected to liquidate in one to six years.
(6)
This category includes investments in hedge funds that invest, long and short, primarily in multi-asset securities in domestic and international markets in both the public and private sectors. At August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016, investments representing approximately 15% and 12%, respectively, of the fair value of investments in this category are redeemable with 30-90 days prior written notice.
Summary of Changes in Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Classified as Level 3 The following is a summary of changes in fair value of our financial assets and liabilities that have been categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for the nine months ended August 31, 2016 (in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended August 31, 2016
 
Balance at November 30, 2015
 
Total gains/losses (realized and unrealized) (1)
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Settlements
 
Issuances
 
Net transfers into/
(out of) Level 3
 
Balance at August 31, 2016
 
Change in unrealized gains/(losses) relating to instruments still held at August 31, 2016 (1)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
40,906

 
$
(8,388
)
 
$
5,225

 
$
(49
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(15,499
)
 
$
22,195

 
$
(727
)
Corporate debt securities
25,876

 
5,239

 
29,629

 
(20,331
)
 

 

 
(5,406
)
 
35,007

 
1,456

CDOs and CLOs
85,092

 
(24,356
)
 
61,707

 
(69,397
)
 
(605
)
 

 
(8,371
)
 
44,070

 
(13,196
)
Municipal securities

 
(1,462
)
 

 

 

 

 
28,719

 
27,257

 
(1,462
)
Sovereign obligations
120

 
5

 

 
(125
)
 

 

 

 

 

RMBS
70,263

 
(7,243
)
 
1,948

 
(13,203
)
 
(1,078
)
 

 
(3,806
)
 
46,881

 
228

CMBS
14,326

 
(4,606
)
 
1,256

 
(2,023
)
 

 

 
15,640

 
24,593

 
(3,337
)
Other ABS
42,925

 
(2,420
)
 
66,503

 
(60,525
)
 
(6,678
)
 

 
21,307

 
61,112

 
(9,993
)
Loans and other receivables
189,289

 
(30,843
)
 
305,920

 
(206,587
)
 
(163,913
)
 

 
(15,409
)
 
78,457

 
(27,714
)
Investments at fair value
53,120

 
(19,055
)
 
26,227

 
(485
)
 
(834
)
 

 
26,063

 
85,036

 
(11,988
)
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
38

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
38

 
$

Corporate debt securities

 
(27
)
 

 
550

 

 

 

 
523

 

Net derivatives (2)
(242
)
 
3,104

 

 
11,101

 
(14
)
 
1,606

 
(4,508
)
 
11,047

 
(5,745
)
Loans
10,469

 
7

 

 
681

 
(213
)
 

 
(10,096
)
 
848

 
45

Other secured financings
544

 
(276
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
268

 
276

(1)
Realized and unrealized gains/losses are reported in Principal transaction revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
(2)
Net derivatives represent Financial instruments owned—Derivatives and Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased—Derivatives.The following is a summary of changes in fair value of our financial assets and liabilities that have been categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for the three months ended August 31, 2016 (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended August 31, 2016
 
Balance at May 31, 2016
 
Total gains/losses (realized and unrealized) (1)
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Settlements
 
Issuances
 
Net transfers into/
(out of) Level 3
 
Balance at August 31, 2016
 
Change in unrealized gains/(losses) relating to instruments still held at August 31, 2016 (1)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
48,816

 
$
(6,492
)
 
$
291

 
$
(49
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(20,371
)
 
$
22,195

 
$
(892
)
Corporate debt securities
24,113

 
(145
)
 
10,696

 
(5,046
)
 

 

 
5,389

 
35,007

 
405

CDOs and CLOs
52,710

 
(4,067
)
 
4,205

 
(5,203
)
 

 

 
(3,575
)
 
44,070

 
(4,606
)
Municipal securities

 
(7,074
)
 

 

 

 

 
34,331

 
27,257

 
(7,074
)
Sovereign obligations
120

 
5

 

 
(125
)
 

 

 

 

 

RMBS
63,308

 
(2,343
)
 
1,884

 
(10,874
)
 
(463
)
 

 
(4,631
)
 
46,881

 
(183
)
CMBS
24,983

 
(1,531
)
 

 

 

 

 
1,141

 
24,593

 
(236
)
Other ABS
43,033

 
(2,247
)
 
3,416

 
(2,727
)
 
(1,429
)
 

 
21,066

 
61,112

 
(2,202
)
Loans and other receivables
104,399

 
(23,445
)
 
31,512

 
(10,140
)
 
(16,804
)
 

 
(7,065
)
 
78,457

 
(16,044
)
Investments at fair value
57,765

 
(966
)
 

 
(485
)
 
(278
)
 

 
29,000

 
85,036

 
(1,113
)
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
38

 
$
38

 
$

Corporate debt securities

 
(27
)
 

 
550

 

 

 

 
523

 
(27
)
Net derivatives (2)
4,424

 
(4,736
)
 

 
11,101

 
32

 
601

 
(375
)
 
11,047

 
(1,589
)
Loans
1,896

 
(402
)
 

 
170

 

 

 
(816
)
 
848

 
(400
)
Other secured financings
468

 
(200
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
268

 
200

(1)
Realized and unrealized gains/losses are reported in Principal transaction revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
(2)
Net derivatives represent Financial instruments owned—Derivatives and Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased—Derivatives.The following is a summary of changes in fair value of our financial assets and liabilities that have been categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for the nine months ended August 31, 2017 (in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended August 31, 2017
 
Balance at November 30, 2016
 
Total gains/losses (realized and unrealized) (1)
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Settlements
 
Issuances
 
Net transfers into/
 (out of) Level 3
 
Balance at August 31, 2017
 
Change in unrealized gains/(losses) relating to instruments still held at August 31, 2017 (1)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
21,739

 
$
3,416

 
$
945

 
$
(1,502
)
 
$
(356
)
 
$

 
$
(2,068
)
 
$
22,174

 
$
2,689

Corporate debt securities
25,005

 
(3,280
)
 
19,610

 
(18,364
)
 
(1,724
)
 

 
3,768

 
25,015

 
(3,424
)
CDOs and CLOs
54,354

 
(13,902
)
 
65,523

 
(72,122
)
 
239

 

 
4,111

 
38,203

 
(3,685
)
Municipal securities
27,257

 
(1,547
)
 

 
(25,710
)
 

 

 

 

 

RMBS
38,772

 
(1,446
)
 
113,391

 
(125,731
)
 
(572
)
 

 
(3,765
)
 
20,649

 
(2,005
)
CMBS
20,580

 
(1,180
)
 
2,033

 
(5,199
)
 
(985
)
 

 
2,387

 
17,636

 
(952
)
Other ABS
40,911

 
(15,338
)
 
67,611

 
(4,121
)
 
(16,891
)
 

 
(3,226
)
 
68,946

 
(8,872
)
Loans and other receivables
81,872

 
27,709

 
84,342

 
(83,791
)
 
(23,241
)
 

 
(24,235
)
 
62,656

 
16,294

Investments at fair value
96,369

 
4,698

 
300

 
(10,119
)
 
(831
)
 

 

 
90,417

 
6,721

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
313

 
$
134

 
$
(355
)
 
$
27

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
119

 
$
(92
)
Corporate debt securities
523

 
(1
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
522

 
1

CMBS

 
35

 

 

 

 

 

 
35

 
(35
)
Net derivatives (2)
3,441

 
(2,854
)
 

 

 
5,162

 
404

 
(1,071
)
 
5,082

 
(2,333
)
Loans
378

 
1,604

 
(364
)
 
333

 

 

 
1,334

 
3,285

 
(1,583
)
Other secured financings
418

 
(418
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)
Realized and unrealized gains/losses are reported in Principal transaction revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
(2)
Net derivatives represent Financial instruments owned—Derivatives and Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased—Derivatives.The following is a summary of changes in fair value of our financial assets and liabilities that have been categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for the three months ended August 31, 2017 (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended August 31, 2017
 
Balance at May 31, 2017
 
Total gains/losses (realized and unrealized) (1)
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Settlements
 
Issuances
 
Net transfers into/
 (out of) Level 3
 
Balance at August 31, 2017
 
Change in unrealized gains/(losses) relating to instruments still held at August 31, 2017 (1)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
20,548

 
$
4,344

 
$
4

 
$
(645
)
 
$
(55
)
 
$

 
$
(2,022
)
 
$
22,174

 
$
4,319

Corporate debt securities
24,727

 
(2,350
)
 
5,901

 
(5,551
)
 
(31
)
 

 
2,319

 
25,015

 
(2,224
)
CDOs and CLOs
27,255

 
(6,119
)
 
52,918

 
(36,564
)
 
245

 

 
468

 
38,203

 
(3,552
)
RMBS
33,032

 
(263
)
 
494

 
(732
)
 
(291
)
 

 
(11,591
)
 
20,649

 
188

CMBS
16,263

 
(125
)
 

 
(676
)
 
(637
)
 

 
2,811

 
17,636

 
(161
)
Other ABS
43,349

 
(6,454
)
 
5,798

 
(3,789
)
 
(2,924
)
 

 
32,966

 
68,946

 
(3,570
)
Loans and other receivables
49,365

 
15,261

 
9,265

 
(5,854
)
 
(8,249
)
 

 
2,868

 
62,656

 
14,005

Investments at fair value
89,006

 
1,703

 

 

 
(292
)
 

 

 
90,417

 
1,703

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
354

 
$
107

 
$
(369
)
 
$
27

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
119

 
$
(92
)
Corporate debt securities
522

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
522

 

CMBS
70

 
(35
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
35

 
(35
)
Net derivatives (2)
3,022

 
(2,980
)
 

 

 
5,040

 

 

 
5,082

 
(2,474
)
Loans
4,967

 
(3,071
)
 

 
333

 

 

 
1,056

 
3,285

 
3,018

(1)
Realized and unrealized gains/losses are reported in Principal transaction revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
(2)
Net derivatives represent Financial instruments owned—Derivatives and Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased—Derivatives.
Quantitative Information about Significant Unobservable Inputs Used in Level 3 Fair Value Measurements The tables below present information on the valuation techniques, significant unobservable inputs and their ranges for our financial assets and liabilities, subject to threshold levels related to the market value of the positions held, measured at fair value on a recurring basis with a significant Level 3 balance. The range of unobservable inputs could differ significantly across different firms given the range of products across different firms in the financial services sector. The inputs are not representative of the inputs that could have been used in the valuation of any one financial instrument (i.e., the input used for valuing one financial instrument within a particular class of financial instruments may not be appropriate for valuing other financial instruments within that given class). Additionally, the ranges of inputs presented below should not be construed to represent uncertainty regarding the fair values of our financial instruments; rather, the range of inputs is reflective of the differences in the underlying characteristics of the financial instruments in each category.
For certain categories, we have provided a weighted average of the inputs allocated based on the fair values of the financial instruments comprising the category. We do not believe that the range or weighted average of the inputs is indicative of the reasonableness of uncertainty of our Level 3 fair values. The range and weighted average are driven by the individual financial instruments within each category and their relative distribution in the population. The disclosed inputs when compared with the inputs as disclosed in other periods should not be expected to necessarily be indicative of changes in our estimates of unobservable inputs for a particular financial instrument as the population of financial instruments comprising the category will vary from period to period based on purchases and sales of financial instruments during the period as well as transfers into and out of Level 3 each period.
August 31, 2017
Financial Instruments Owned:
 
Fair Value
(in thousands)
 
Valuation Technique
 
Significant Unobservable Input(s)
 
Input / Range
 
Weighted
Average
Corporate equity securities
 
$
17,964

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-exchange-traded securities
 
Market approach
 
Price
 
$3-$75
 
$
59

 
 
 
 
 
 
Underlying stock price
 
$6
 

 
 
 
 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable asset price
 
$9
 

Corporate debt securities
 
$
25,015

 
Convertible bond model
 
Discount rate/yield
 
8%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Volatility
 
40%
 

 
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Estimated recovery percentage
 
17%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Price
 
$15
 

CDOs and CLOs
 
$
38,203

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
20%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Constant default rate
 
2%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss severity
 
25%-30%
 
27
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate/yield
 
9%-23%
 
12
%
 
 
 
 
Scenario analysis
 
Estimated recovery percentage
 
6%-40%
 
24
%
RMBS
 
$
20,649

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Cumulative loss rate
 
5%-30%
 
13
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Duration (years)
 
3-10
 
5

 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate/yield
 
8%-10%
 
9
%
CMBS
 
$
17,636

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Cumulative loss rate
 
0%-58%
 
29
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Duration (years)
 
1-3
 
2

 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate/yield
 
2%-21%
 
11
%
Other ABS
 
$
68,946

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Cumulative loss rate
 
0%-25%
 
20
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Duration (years)
 
1-10
 
2

 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate/yield
 
4%-12%
 
8
%
 
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Price
 
$100
 

 
 
 
 
Scenario analysis
 
Estimated recovery percentage
 
23%
 

Loans and other receivables
 
$
59,398

 
Market approach
 
EBITDA multiple
 
1.6
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Price
 
$60-$100
 
$
95

 
 
 
 
Scenario analysis

 
Estimated recovery percentage
 
10%-107%
 
67
%
Derivatives
 
$
2,671

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Credit spread
 
800 bps
 

Investments at fair value
 
$
74,190

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity securities
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Price
 
$7-$250
 
$
123

 
 
 
 
 
 
Transaction level
 
$3
 

Financial Instruments Sold, Not Yet Purchased:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives
 
$
7,753

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity options
 
 
 
Option model/default rate
 
Default probability
 
0%
 

Variable funding note swaps
 
 
 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
20%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Constant default rate
 
2%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss severity
 
25%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate/yield
 
23%
 

November 30, 2016
Financial Instruments Owned:
 
Fair Value
(in thousands)
 
Valuation Technique
 
Significant Unobservable Input(s)
 
Input / Range
 
Weighted
Average
Corporate equity securities
 
$
19,799

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-exchange-traded securities
 
Market approach
 
Underlying stock price
 
$3-$75
 
$
15

 
 
 
 
Comparable pricing
 
Underlying stock price
 
$218
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Comparable asset price
 
$11
 

 
 
 
 
Present value
 
Average silver production (tons per day)
 
666
 

Corporate debt securities
 
$
25,005

 
Convertible bond model
 
Discount rate/yield
 
9%
 

 
 
 
 

 
Volatility
 
40%
 

 
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Transaction level
 
$30
 

CDOs and CLOs
 
$
33,016

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
10%-20%
 
19
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Constant default rate
 
2%-4%
 
2
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss severity
 
25%-70%
 
40
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yield
 
7%-17%
 
12
%
 
 
 
 
Scenario analysis
 
Estimated recovery percentage
 
28%-38%
 
31
%
RMBS
 
$
38,772

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
0%-11%
 
5
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Constant default rate
 
1%-7%
 
3
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss severity
 
35%-100%
 
62
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yield
 
2%-10%
 
6
%
CMBS
 
$
20,580

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Yield
 
6%-11%
 
8
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cumulative loss rate
 
5%-95%
 
39
%
Other ABS
 
$
40,911

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
4%-20%
 
14
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Constant default rate
 
0%-31%
 
13
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss severity
 
0%-100%
 
90
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yield
 
4%-17%
 
15
%
 
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Price
 
$72
 

Loans and other receivables
 
$
54,347

 
Market approach
 
EBITDA multiple
 
3.3
 

 
 
 
 

 
Discount rate/yield
 
2%-4%
 
3
%
 
 
 
 

 
Transaction level
 
$0.42
 

 
 
 
 
Present value
 
Average silver production (tons per day)
 
666
 

 
 
 
 
Scenario analysis
 
Estimated recovery percentage
 
6%-50%
 
37
%
Derivatives
 
$
6,429

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity swaps
 
 
 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable asset price
 
$102
 

Credit default swaps
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Credit spread
 
265 bps
 

Investments at fair value
 
$
42,907

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity securities
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Transaction level
 
$250
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Price
 
$25,815,720
 

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Instruments Sold, Not Yet Purchased:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives
 
$
9,870

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity options
 
 
 
Option model
 
Volatility
 
45%
 

 
 
 
 
Default rate
 
Default probability
 
0%
 

Equity swaps
 
 
 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable asset price
 
$102
 

Unfunded commitments
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Discount rate/yield
 
4%
 

Variable funding note swaps
 
 
 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
20%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Constant default rate
 
2%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss severity
 
25%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Yield
 
16%
 

Summary of Gains (Losses) Due to Changes in Instrument Specific Credit Risk and Summary of Contractual Principal Exceeds Fair Value for Loans and Other Receivables The following is a summary of gains (losses) due to changes in instrument specific credit risk on loans, other receivables and debt instruments and gains (losses) due to other changes in fair value on long-term debt and short-term borrowings measured at fair value under the fair value option (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended 
 August 31,
 
Nine Months Ended 
 August 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Financial Instruments Owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans and other receivables
$
24,846

 
$
(24,874
)
 
$
27,715

 
$
(48,658
)
Financial Instruments Sold:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans
$
3,436

 
$
212

 
$
(7,286
)
 
$
229

Loan commitments
82

 
4,769

 
229

 
2,196

Long-term Debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in instrument specific credit risk (1)
$
5,638

 
$
(4,093
)
 
$
(14,141
)
 
$
(7,848
)
Other changes in fair value (2)
(1,854
)
 
4,474

 
2,786

 
15,225

Short-term Borrowings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in instrument specific credit risk (1)
$
19

 
$

 
$
1

 
$

Other changes in fair value (2)
(2,570
)
 

 
(37
)
 

(1)
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk related to structured notes are included in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, net of tax.
(2)
Other changes in fair value are included in Principal transactions revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
The following is a summary of the amount by which contractual principal exceeds fair value for loans and other receivables and long-term debt measured at fair value under the fair value option (in thousands).
 
August 31, 2017
 
November 30, 2016
Financial Instruments Owned:
 
 
 
Loans and other receivables (1)
$
663,618

 
$
1,325,938

Loans and other receivables on nonaccrual status and/or greater than 90 days past due (1) (2)
159,000

 
205,746

Long-term debt and short-term borrowings
9,725

 
20,202

(1)
Interest income is recognized separately from other changes in fair value and is included in Interest revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
(2)
Amounts include loans and other receivables greater than 90 days past due of $48.3 million and $64.6 million at August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016, respectively.