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Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

The Company complies with the provisions of ASC 820, which defines fair value, provides a framework for measuring fair value, and expands the disclosures required for fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, ASC 820 establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value.


			§			Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

			§			Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

			§			Level 3 – Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company’s money market funds are classified within Level 1. The Company values these Level 1 investments using quoted market prices.

The Investment in Consensus is an investment in equity securities for which the Company elected the fair value option, and the fair value of the Investment in Consensus and subsequent fair value changes are included in our assets of and results from continuing operations, respectively. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, our investment in Consensus common stock was remeasured at fair value based on Consensus’ closing stock price, with unrealized (losses) gains of $(28.5) million and $(7.1) million, respectively, recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and a balance of $27.1 million and $58.4 million, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The fair value of the investment in Consensus is determined using the quoted market prices, which is a Level 1 input.

The Company has investment in a corporate debt security that does not have a readily determinable fair value because the acquired securities are privately held, not traded on any public exchanges and not an investment in a mutual fund or similar investment. The investment in corporate debt securities is classified as available-for-sale and is initially measured at its transaction price. The fair value of the corporate debt securities is determined primarily based on estimates and assumptions, including Level 3 inputs. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the fair value was determined based upon various probability-weighted scenarios which included discount rate assumptions between 13% and 14%, depending on the probability scenario. In addition, the determination of fair value included a conversion timeframe of approximately one to three years, depending on the probability scenario, as of December 31, 2023 and approximately one-year as of December 31, 2022.

The Company classifies its contingent consideration liability in connection with acquisitions within Level 3 because factors used to develop the estimated fair value are unobservable inputs, such as volatility and market risks, and are not

supported by market activity. The valuation approaches used to value Level 3 investments considers unobservable inputs in the market such as time to liquidity, volatility, dividend yield, and breakpoints. Significant increases or decreases in any of the inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the contingent consideration was determined using a 100% probability of payout at the maximum amount, without any other estimates applied.

The following tables present the fair values of the Company’s financial assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):


December 31, 2023	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds	$	340,928	$	—	$	—	$	340,928	$	340,928
Short-term investments:

Consensus common stock	27,109		—		—		$	27,109	27,109
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities	—		—		15,699		15,699		15,699
Total assets measured at fair value	$	368,037	$	—	$	15,699	$	383,736	$	383,736

Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	2,834	$	2,834	$	2,834
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	—	$	—	$	2,834	$	2,834	$	2,834


December 31, 2022	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds	$	312,010	$	—	$	—	$	312,010	$	312,010






Short-term investments:
Consensus common stock	58,421		—		—		$	58,421	$	58,421
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities	—		—		15,586		15,586		15,586
Total assets measured at fair value	$	370,431	$	—	$	15,586	$	386,017	$	386,017

Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	555	$	555	$	555

Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	—	$	—	$	555	$	555	$	555

At the end of each reporting period, management reviews the inputs to the fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities to determine when transfers between levels are deemed to have occurred. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no transfers that occurred between levels.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets related to our contingent consideration arrangements and investment in corporate debt securities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):


	Year ended December 31,
	2023				2022
	Contingent Consideration Arrangements		Corporate Debt Securities		Contingent Consideration Arrangements		Corporate Debt Securities
Balance as of January 1	$	555	$	15,586	$	5,775	$	—
Fair value at date of acquisition	2,834		—		555		15,000
Fair value adjustments (1)	(200)		113		(2,575)		586
Payments	(355)		—		(3,200)		—
Balance as of December 31	$	2,834	$	15,699	$	555	$	15,586

(1)The fair value adjustments to the contingent consideration arrangements in the table above were recorded within ‘General, administrative, and other related costs’ on the Consolidated Statements of Operations during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The fair value adjustments to the corporate debt securities in the table above were recorded within ‘Change in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net’ on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company’s non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, right-of-use assets, and property, plant and equipment, are adjusted to fair value only when an impairment is recognized. The Company’s financial assets, comprised of equity securities without readily determinable fair value, are adjusted to fair value when observable price changes are identified or due to impairment. Such fair value measurements are based predominately on Level 3 inputs. See Note 2 — Basis of Presentation for further information on intangible assets and right-of-use assets impairment charges recorded in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021. See Note 9 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information on a goodwill impairment charges recorded in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

Other Fair Value Disclosures

The fair value of the Company’s 4.625% Senior Notes and 1.75% Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 10 — Debt) was determined using quoted market prices or dealer quotes for instruments with similar maturities and other terms and credit ratings, which are Level 1 inputs. If such information is not available for the 1.75% Convertible Notes, the fair value is determined using cash-flow models of the scheduled payments discounted at market interest rates for comparable debt without the conversion feature.

The following table presents the carrying value and the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value only for disclosure purposes:


	Year ended December 31,
	2023				2022
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
4.625% Senior Notes	$	456,796	$	405,408	$	456,400	$	390,908
1.75% Convertible Notes	$	544,516	$	519,492	$	542,653	$	548,411

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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