Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company uses the liability method of accounting for income taxes as set forth in ASC 740 Income Taxes. Under the liability method, deferred taxes are determined based on differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates.

On an interim basis, the Company estimates what its anticipated annual effective tax rate will be and records a quarterly income tax provision in accordance with the estimated annual rate, plus the tax effect of certain discrete items that arise during the quarter. As the fiscal year progresses, the Company refines its estimates based on actual events and financial results during the quarter. This process can result in significant changes to the Company’s estimated effective tax rate. When this occurs, the income tax provision is adjusted during the quarter in which the estimates are refined so that the year-to-date provision reflects the estimated annual effective tax rate. These changes, along with adjustments to the Company’s deferred taxes and related valuation allowance, may create fluctuations in the overall effective tax rate from quarter to quarter.

As of June 30, 2023, due to the overall cumulative losses incurred in recent years, the Company maintained a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets related to loss entities the Company cannot consolidate under the federal tax consolidation rules, as realization of these assets is uncertain.

The Company’s effective income tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, was 41.1% and 34.9%, respectively. The tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023, differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to state income taxes, tax on dividend distributions and income from flow-through entities.

As of June 30, 2023, the Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits related to various federal and state income tax matters. The Company will recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.

The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax in California. The Company and its subsidiaries’ state and federal income tax returns are open to audit under the statute of limitations for the years ended December 31, 2019 through December 31, 2022, and for the years ended December 31, 2018 through December 31, 2022, respectively.