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Description of Business
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Description of Business Description of Business
Overview

Apollo Medical Holdings, Inc. (“ApolloMed”) is a leading physician-centric, technology-powered, risk-bearing healthcare company. Leveraging its proprietary end-to-end technology solutions, ApolloMed operates an integrated healthcare delivery platform that enables providers to successfully participate in value-based care arrangements, thus empowering them to deliver high-quality care to patients in a cost-effective manner. ApolloMed was merged with Network Medical Management (“NMM”) in December 2017 (the “2017 Merger”). As a result of the 2017 Merger, NMM became a wholly owned subsidiary of ApolloMed, and the former NMM shareholders own a majority of the issued and outstanding common stock of ApolloMed and maintain control of the board of directors of ApolloMed. Unless the context dictates otherwise, references in these notes to the financial statements, the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and similar words are references to ApolloMed and its consolidated subsidiaries and affiliated entities, as appropriate, including its consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”).

Headquartered in Alhambra, California, ApolloMed’s subsidiaries and VIEs include management services organizations (“MSOs”), affiliated independent practice associations (“IPAs”), and an accountable care organization (“ACO”) participating in the GPDC model. NMM and Apollo Medical Management, Inc. (“AMM”) are the administrative and managerial services companies for the affiliated physician-owned professional corporations that contract with independent physicians to deliver medical services in-office and virtually under the following brands: (i) Allied Physicians of California, a Professional Medical Corporation d.b.a. Allied Pacific of California IPA (“APC”), (ii) Alpha Care Medical Group, Inc. (“Alpha Care”), and (iii) Accountable Health Care IPA, a Professional Medical Corporation (“Accountable Health Care”). These affiliates are supported by ApolloMed Hospitalists, a Medical Corporation (“AMH”) and Southern California Heart Centers, a Medical Corporation (“SCHC”). The Company’s ACO operates under the APA ACO, Inc. (“APAACO”) brand and participates in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) program that allows provider groups to assume higher levels of financial risk and potentially achieve a higher reward from participation in the program’s attribution-based risk-sharing model.

The Company provides care coordination services to each major constituent of the healthcare delivery system, including patients, families, primary care physicians, specialists, acute care hospitals, alternative sites of inpatient care, physician groups, and health plans. The Company’s physician network consists of primary care physicians, specialist physicians, and hospitalists.
MSOs and Affiliates
AMM, a wholly owned subsidiary of ApolloMed, manages affiliated medical groups, ApolloMed Hospitalists, a Medical Corporation (“AMH”) and Southern California Heart Centers, a Medical Corporation (“SCHC”). AMH provides hospitalist, intensivist, and physician advisory services. SCHC is a specialty clinic that focuses on cardiac care and diagnostic testing.
NMM was formed in 1994 as an MSO for the purposes of providing management services to medical companies and IPAs. The management services primarily include billing, collection, accounting, administration, quality assurance, marketing, compliance, and education. Following the 2017 Merger, NMM became a wholly owned subsidiary of ApolloMed.
IPAs and Affiliates

APC was incorporated in 1992 for the purpose of arranging healthcare services as an IPA. APC is owned by California-licensed physicians and professional medical corporations, and contracts with various health maintenance organizations (“HMOs”) and other licensed healthcare service plans, as defined in the California Knox-Keene Health Care Service Plan Act of 1975. Each HMO negotiates a fixed amount per member per month (“PMPM”) that is to be paid to APC. In return, APC arranges for the delivery of healthcare services by contracting with physicians or professional medical corporations for primary care and specialty care services. APC assumes the financial risk of the cost of delivering healthcare services in excess of the fixed amounts received. Some of the risk is transferred to the contracted physicians or professional corporations. The risk is subject to stop-loss provisions in contracts with HMOs.

In July 1999, APC entered into an amended and restated management and administrative services agreement with NMM (the initial management services agreement was entered into in 1997) for an initial fixed term of 30 years. Under this management arrangement, NMM performs only non-medical administrative services, does not represent that it offers medical services, and does not exercise influence or control over the practice of medicine by APC or its physicians. In accordance with relevant accounting guidance, APC is determined to be a VIE of the Company and is consolidated by NMM.
AP-AMH Medical Corporation (“AP-AMH”) and AP-AMH 2 Medical Corporation (“AP-AMH 2”) was formed in May 2019 and July 2021, respectively, as a designated shareholder professional corporation. Dr. Thomas Lam, a shareholder and the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of APC and Co-Chief Executive Officer of ApolloMed, is the sole shareholder of AP-AMH and AP-AMH 2. In accordance with relevant accounting guidance, AP-AMH and AP-AMH 2 is determined to be a VIE of ApolloMed and is consolidated by ApolloMed.
In September 2019, ApolloMed completed the following series of transactions with its affiliates, AP-AMH and APC:
1.A $545.0 million loan to AP-AMH, pursuant to a 10-year secured loan agreement (the “AP-AMH Loan”). The loan bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum simple interest, is not prepayable, (except in certain limited circumstances), requires quarterly payments of interest only in arrears, and is secured by a first priority security interest in all of AP-AMH’s assets. To the extent that AP-AMH is unable to make any interest payment when due because it has received dividends on the APC Series A Preferred Stock insufficient to pay in full such interest payment, then the outstanding principal amount of the loan will be increased by the amount of any such accrued but unpaid interest, and any such increased principal amounts will bear interest at the rate of 10.75% per annum simple interest.
2.A $545.0 million private placement, where AP-AMH purchased 1,000,000 shares of APC Series A Preferred Stock which entitle AP-AMH to receive preferential, cumulative dividends that accrue on a daily basis.
3.A $300.0 million private placement, where APC purchased 15,015,015 shares of the Company’s common stock and in connection therewith, the Company granted APC certain registration rights with respect to the purchased shares.
4.ApolloMed licensed to AP-AMH the right to use certain tradenames for specified purposes for a fee equal to a percentage of the aggregate gross revenues of AP-AMH. The license fee is payable out of any Series A Preferred Stock dividends received by AP-AMH from APC.
5.Through its subsidiary, NMM, the Company agreed to provide certain administrative services to AP-AMH for a fee equal to a percentage of the aggregate gross revenues of AP-AMH. The administrative fee is also payable out of any APC Series A Preferred Stock dividends received by AP-AMH from APC.
As part of the series of transactions, in September 2019, APC and AP-AMH entered into a Second Amendment to the Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement clarifying the term excluded assets (“Excluded Assets”). Excluded Assets means (i) assets received from the sale of shares of the Series A Preferred equal to the Series A Purchase Price, (ii) the assets of the Company that are not Healthcare Services Assets, including the Company’s equity interests in Apollo Medical Holdings, Inc., and any entity that is primarily engaged in the business of owning, leasing, developing, or otherwise operating real estate, (iii) any assets acquired with the proceeds of the sale, assignment, or other disposition of any of the assets described in clauses (i) or (ii), and (iv) any proceeds of the assets described in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii).
APC’s ownership in ApolloMed was 20.02% as of June 30, 2022 and 19.68% as of December 31, 2021.
Concourse Diagnostic Surgery Center, LLC (“CDSC”) was formed in March 2010 in the state of California. CDSC is an ambulatory surgery center in City of Industry, California organized by a group of highly qualified physicians, which utilizes some of the most advanced equipment in the eastern part of Los Angeles County and the San Gabriel Valley. The facility is Medicare-certified and accredited by the Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Healthcare. As of June 30, 2022, APC owned 44.50% of CDSCs capital stock. In accordance with relevant accounting guidance, CDSC is determined to be a VIE of APC and is consolidated by APC.
APC-LSMA Designated Shareholder Medical Corporation (“APC-LSMA”) was formed in October 2012 as a designated shareholder professional corporation. Dr. Thomas Lam, a stockholder and the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of APC and Co-Chief Executive Officer of ApolloMed, is a nominee shareholder of APC-LSMA. APC makes all investment decisions on behalf of APC-LSMA, funds all investments and receives all distributions from the investments. APC has the obligation to absorb losses and right to receive benefits from all investments made by APC-LSMA. APC-LSMA’s sole function is to act as the nominee shareholder for APC in other California medical professional corporations. Therefore, APC-LSMA is controlled and consolidated by APC as the primary beneficiary of this VIE. The only activity of APC-LSMA is to hold the investments in medical corporations, including the IPA lines of business of LaSalle Medical Associates (“LMA”), Pacific Medical Imaging and Oncology Center, Inc. (“PMIOC”), Diagnostic Medical Group of Southern California (“DMG”), and AHMC International Cancer Center, a Medical Corporation (“ICC”). APC-LSMA also holds a 100% ownership interest in Maverick Medical Group, Inc. (“MMG”), Alpha Care, Accountable Health Care, and AMG, a Professional Medical Corporation (“AMG”).
Alpha Care, an IPA acquired by the Company in May 2019, has been operating in California since 1993 as a risk-bearing organization engaged in providing professional services under capitation arrangements with its contracted health plans through a provider network consisting of primary care and specialty care physicians. Alpha Care specializes in delivering high-quality healthcare to its enrollees and focuses on Medi-Cal/Medicaid, Commercial, and Medicare and Dual Eligible members in the Riverside and San Bernardino counties of Southern California.
Accountable Health Care is a California-based IPA that has served the local community in the greater Los Angeles County area through a network of physicians and healthcare providers for more than 20 years. Accountable Health Care provides quality healthcare services to its members through three federally qualified health plans and multiple product lines, including Medi-Cal, Commercial, and Medicare.
AMG is a network of family practice clinics operating out of three main locations in Southern California. AMG provides professional and post-acute care services to Medicare, Medi-Cal/Medicaid, and Commercial patients through its network of doctors and nurse practitioners. In September 2019, APC-LSMA purchased 100% of the shares of capital stock of AMG.
DMG is a professional medical California corporation and a complete outpatient imaging center. APC accounted for its 40% investment in DMG, under the equity method of accounting. In October 2021, DMG entered into an administrative services agreement with a subsidiary of the Company, causing the Company to reevaluate the accounting for the Company’s investment in DMG. Based on the reevaluation and in accordance with relevant accounting guidance, DMG is determined to be a VIE of the Company and is consolidated by the Company. In addition, APC-LSMA is obligated to purchase the remaining equity interest within three years from the effective date. The purchase of the remaining equity value is considered a financing obligation with a carrying value of $8.5 million as of June 30, 2022. As the financing obligation is embedded in the non-controlling interest, the non-controlling interest is recognized in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
In December 2020, using cash comprised solely of Excluded Assets, APC purchased a 100% interest in each of Medical Property Partners, LLC (“MPP”), AMG Properties, LLC (“AMG Properties”), and ZLL Partners, LLC (“ZLL”) and a 50% interest in each of One MSO, LLC (“One MSO”), Tag-6 Medical Investment Group, LLC (“Tag 6”), and Tag-8 Medical Investment Group, LLC (“Tag 8”). These entities own buildings that are currently leased to tenants, as well as vacant land that is being developed. MPP, AMG Properties, and ZLL are 100% owned subsidiaries of APC and are included in the consolidated financial statements. In April 2021, Tag 8 entered into a loan agreement with MUFG Union Bank N.A. with APC as their guarantor, causing the Company to reevaluate their consolidation of Tag 8. Based on the reevaluation and in accordance with relevant accounting guidance, it was concluded that Tag 8 is a VIE and is consolidated by APC. One MSO and Tag 6 are accounted for as equity method investments, as APC has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control over the operations of the entity. These purchases are deemed Excluded Assets that are solely for the benefit of APC and its shareholders. As such, any income pertaining to APC’s interests in these properties has no impact on the Series A Dividend payable by APC to AP-AMH Medical Corporation, and consequently will not affect net income attributable to ApolloMed.

In July 2021, AP-AMH 2, a VIE of the Company, purchased an 80% equity interest (on a fully diluted basis) in Access Primary Care Medical Group (“APCMG”), a primary care physicians’ group focused on providing high-quality care to senior patients in the northern California cities of Daly City and San Francisco. As a result, APCMG is consolidated by the Company.

In August 2021, Apollo Medical Holdings, Inc. acquired 49% of the aggregate issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Sun Clinical Laboratories (“Sun Labs”) for an aggregate purchase price of $4.0 million. Sun Labs is a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments certified full-service lab that operates across the San Gabriel Valley in Southern California. In accordance with relevant accounting guidance, Sun Labs is determined to be a VIE of the Company and is consolidated by the Company (see Note 3 — “Business Combinations and Goodwill”). The Company is obligated to purchase the remaining equity interest within three years from the effective date. The purchase of the remaining equity value is considered a financing obligation with a carrying value of $4.2 million as of June 30, 2022. As the financing obligation is embedded in the non-controlling interest, the non-controlling interest is recognized in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
NGACO, GPDC / ACO REACH
APAACO began participating in the NGACO Model of CMS in January 2017. The NGACO Model was a CMS program that allowed provider groups to assume higher levels of financial risk and potentially achieve a higher reward from participating in this new attribution-based risk-sharing model. With the ending of the NGACO Model on December 31, 2021, APAACO applied, and has been selected by CMS, to participate as a Direct Contracting Entity (“DCE”) in the standard track of CMS’s GPDC Model for Performance Year 2022 (“PY22”), beginning January 1, 2022. CMS has since redesigned the GPDC Model in response to Administration priorities, including their commitment to advancing health equity, stakeholder feedback, and participant experience, and renamed the GPDC Model to ACO Realizing Equity, Access, and Community Health (“ACO REACH”) Model. The ACO REACH Model will begin participation on January 1, 2023.