Operations and summary of significant accounting policies (Policy)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2011

Principles of consolidation

Principles of consolidation: These Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and include the accounts of Woodward and its wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries. Transactions within and between these companies are eliminated.

Use of estimates

Use of estimates: The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements and the reported revenues and expenses recognized during the reporting period, and certain financial statement disclosures. Significant estimates include allowances for doubtful accounts, net realizable value of inventories, percent complete on long-term contracts, cost of sales incentives, useful lives of property and identifiable intangible assets, the evaluation of impairments of property, identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, the provision for income tax and related valuation reserves, the valuation of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations, assumptions used in the determination of the funded status and annual expense of pension and postretirement employee benefit plans, the valuation of stock compensation instruments granted to employees, and contingencies. Actual results could vary materially from Woodward's estimates.

Foreign currency exchange rates

Foreign currency exchange rates: The assets and liabilities of substantially all subsidiaries outside the U.S. are translated at fiscal year-end rates of exchange, and earnings and cash flow statements are translated at weighted-average rates of exchange. Translation adjustments are accumulated with other comprehensive earnings as a separate component of stockholders' equity and are presented net of tax effects in the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity. The effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on loans between consolidated subsidiaries, that are considered permanent in nature, are also accumulated with other comprehensive earnings, net of tax.

The Company is exposed to market risks related to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates because some sales transactions, and certain of the assets and liabilities of its domestic and foreign subsidiaries, are denominated in foreign currencies. Selling, general, and administrative expenses include net foreign currency transaction gains of $575 in 2011, $425 in 2010, and $251 in 2009.

Revenue recognition

Revenue recognition: Woodward recognizes revenue upon shipment or delivery of tangible products for sale. Delivery is upon completion of manufacturing, customer acceptance, and the transfer of the risks and rewards of ownership. In countries whose laws provide for retention of some form of title by sellers, enabling recovery of goods in the event of customer default on payment, product delivery is considered to have occurred when the customer has assumed the risks and rewards of ownership of the products.

Occasionally, Woodward transfers title of product to customers, but retains substantive performance obligations such as completion of product testing, customer acceptance or in some instances regulatory acceptance. Revenue is deferred until the performance obligations are satisfied.

Woodward provides certain development services to customers under fully funded, partially funded and unfunded long and short-term development contracts. Revenue for such contracts is recognized using the percentage-of-completion, milestone or completed contract methods. Funded development contracts may be fixed price or cost-reimbursable contracts. Anticipated losses on fully funded contracts, if any, are recognized in the period in which the losses become probable and estimable.

Certain Woodward products include incidental software or firmware essential to the performance of the product as designed which are treated as units of accounting associated with the related tangible product with which the software is included. Woodward does not sell software on a standalone basis, although software upgrades, if any, are generally paid for by the customer.

Customer payments

Customer payments: Woodward occasionally agrees to make payments to certain customers in order to participate in anticipated sales activity. Payments made to customers are accounted for as a reduction of revenue unless they are made in exchange for identifiable goods or services with fair values that can be reasonably estimated. Reductions in revenue associated with these customer payments are recognized immediately to the extent that the payments cannot be attributed to anticipated future sales, and are recognized in future periods to the extent that the payments relate to anticipated future sales. Such determinations are based on the facts and circumstances underlying each payment.

Stock-based compensation

Stock-based compensation: Compensation cost relating to stock-based payment awards made to employees and directors is recognized in the financial statements using a fair value method. Non-qualified stock option awards and restricted stock awards are issued under Woodward's stock-based compensation plans. Woodward measures for the cost of such awards, measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award.

Forfeitures are estimated at the time of each grant in order to estimate the portion of the award that will ultimately vest. The estimate is based on Woodward's historical rates of forfeitures and is updated periodically. The portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods, which is generally the vesting period of the awards.

Research and development

Research and development costs: Expenditures related to new product development activities in excess of fully and partially funded development contract amounts, if applicable, are expensed when incurred and are separately reported in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Restructuring and other charges

Restructuring and other charges: Restructuring charges related to workforce management were recognized as expense in March 2009. Non-cash charges for impairment of a vacated facility were recognized as expense in fiscal year 2009. Restructuring charges related to 2009 business acquisitions, including items such as costs associated with integrating similar operations, workforce management, vacating certain facilities, and the cancellation of certain contracts, were recognized as a liability as of the acquisition date. Adjustments to the initial estimate determined within the allocation period, which is generally not more than one year, are treated as an adjustment to the liabilities recorded in the acquisitions. Adjustments to the initial estimate determined after the allocation period are included in the determination of net earnings in the period in which the adjustment is identified.

Under the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 805, Business Combinations, the acquirer in a business combination can generally only recognize liabilities for plans to exit an activity, involuntarily terminate employees, or relocate employees of an acquiree, if the acquiree, as of the acquisition date, has a current plan in place and certain criteria are satisfied. This differs from the accounting requirements under FASB Statement 141, "Business Combinations" in which the acquirer could recognize liabilities as of the acquisition date for plans to exit an activity, involuntarily terminate employees, or relocate employees of an acquiree, if the criteria were met in Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") Issue No. 95-3, "Recognition of Liabilities in Connection With a Purchase Business Combination."

Income taxes

Income taxes: Deferred income taxes are provided for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of Woodward's assets, liabilities, and certain unrecognized gains and losses recorded in accumulated other comprehensive earnings. Woodward provides for taxes that may be payable if undistributed earnings of overseas subsidiaries were to be remitted to the U.S., except for those earnings that it considers to be permanently reinvested.

Cash equivalents

Cash equivalents: Highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents.

Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with multiple financial institutions. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and are maintained with financial institutions with reputable credit and therefore bear minimal credit risk. Woodward holds cash and cash equivalents at financial institutions in excess of amounts covered by the Federal Depository Insurance Corporation (the "FDIC") and sometimes invests excess cash in money market funds not insured by the FDIC.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable: Almost all Woodward's sales are made on credit and result in accounts receivable, which are recorded at the amount invoiced. In the normal course of business, not all accounts receivable are collected and, therefore, an allowance for losses of accounts receivable is provided equal to the amount that Woodward believes ultimately will not be collected. Customer-specific information is considered related to delinquent accounts, past loss experience, and current economic conditions in establishing the amount of its allowance. Accounts receivable losses are deducted from the allowance and the related accounts receivable balances are written off when the receivables are deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts receivable previously written off are recognized when received.

In coordination with its customers and when terns are considered favorable to Woodward, Woodward somtimes transfers ownership to collect amounts due to Woodward for outstanding accounts receivable to third parties in exchange for cash. If such transfer of ownership is with recourse, then a short-term liability is recorded and is reflected in Woodward's Cash Flow Statement as a financing source. The settlement of the transferred obligation is reflected in Woodward's Cash Flow Statement as both cash from operations due to the collection of accounts receivable and cash used in financing as the prior recourse obligation is extinguished.

Inventories

Inventories: Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost generally being determined using methods that approximate a first-in, first-out basis.

Component parts include items that can be sold separately as finished goods or included in the manufacture of other products.

Customer deposits are recorded against inventory when the right of offset exists. All other customer deposits are recorded in accrued liabilities.

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant, and equipment: Property, plant, and equipment are recorded at cost and are depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Assets are generally depreciated using the straight-line method. Certain buildings and improvements are depreciated using the declining-balance method. Assets are tested for recoverability whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable.

Estimated lives over which fixed assets are generally depreciated at September 30, 2011 were as follows:

Buildings and improvements	2- 40	years
Leasehold improvements	1- 40	years
Machinery and production equipment	2- 15	years
Computer equipment and software	3- 10	years
Other	2- 20	years

Purchase accounting

Purchase accounting: Business combinations are accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Under the purchase method, assets and liabilities, including intangible assets, are recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date. Acquisition costs in excess of amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded as goodwill.

Goodwill

Goodwill: Woodward tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis and more often if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The impairment tests consist of comparing the implied fair value of reporting units with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its implied fair value, Woodward compares the implied fair value of goodwill with the recorded carrying amount of goodwill. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment loss would be recognized to reduce the carrying amount to its implied fair value. As discussed in Note 10, Goodwill, Woodward changed the annual testing date for its goodwill impairment test from March 31 to July 31. As a result, during 2011, Woodward performed goodwill impairment tests as of March 31, 2011 and July 31, 2011. In addition, as of September 30, 2011, as part of its segment realignment, Woodward created two new reporting units, Aircraft Turbine Systems and Industrial Turbomachinery Systems that were previously included in the Turbine Systems reporting unit. See Note 21, Segment information for a discussion of the segment realignment that occurred.

Other intangibles

Other intangibles: Other intangibles are recognized apart from goodwill whenever an acquired intangible asset arises from contractual or other legal rights, or whenever it is capable of being separated or divided from the acquired entity and sold, transferred, licensed, rented, or exchanged, either individually or in combination with a related contract, asset, or liability. All of Woodard's intangibles have an estimated useful life and are being amortized using patterns that reflect the periods over which the economic benefits of the assets are expected to be realized. Impairment losses are recognized if the carrying amount of an intangible is both not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. 

Estimated lives over which intangible assets are amortized at September 30, 2011 were as follows:

Customer relationships	9- 30	years
Intellectual property	10- 17	years
Process technology	8- 30	years
Other	1- 15	years

Impairment of long-lived assets

Impairment of long-lived assets: Woodward reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets or asset groups to be used in operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Factors that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, a significant adverse change in legal factors or the business climate that could affect the value of the asset, or a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, among others. If such facts indicate a potential impairment, the Company would assess the recoverability of an asset group by determining if the carrying value of the asset group exceeds the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets over the remaining economic life of the primary asset in the asset group. If the recoverability test indicates that the carrying value of the asset group is not recoverable, the Company will estimate the fair value of the asset group using appropriate valuation methodologies which would typically include an estimate of discounted cash flows. Any impairment would be measured as the difference between the asset groups carrying amount and its estimated fair value. There was no impairment charge recorded in fiscal year 2011, fiscal year 2010, or fiscal year 2009.

Investments in marketable equity securities

Investment in marketable equity securities: Woodward holds marketable equity securities related to its deferred compensation program. Based on Woodward's intentions regarding these instruments, marketable equity securities are classified as trading securities. The trading securities are reported at fair value, with realized gains and losses recognized in earnings. The trading securities are included in "Other current assets." The associated obligation to provide benefits is included in "Other liabilities."

Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries

Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries: Investments in and operating results of entities in which Woodward does not have a controlling financial interest or the ability to exercise significant influence over the operations are included in the financial statements using the cost method of accounting. Investments and operating results of entities in which Woodward does not have a controlling interest but does have the ability to exercise significant influence over operations are included in the financial statements using the equity method of accounting.

Non-controlling interests

Noncontrolling interests: On October 1, 2009, the Company adopted new guidance which requires, among other things, noncontrolling financial interests be accounted for as a separate component of equity and that all transactions between the Company and the noncontrolling interest be accounted for as equity transactions.

Derivatives

Derivatives: The Company is exposed to various market risks that arise from transactions entered into in the normal course of business. The Company has historically utilized derivative instruments, such as treasury lock agreements to lock in fixed rates on future debt issuances, which qualify as cash flow or fair value hedges to mitigate the risk of variability in cash flows related to future interest payments attributable to changes in the designated benchmark rate. The Company records all such interest rate hedge instruments on the balance sheet at fair value. Cash flows related to the instrument designated as a qualifying hedge are reflected in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in the same categories as the cash flows from the items being hedged. Accordingly, cash flows relating to the settlement of interest rate derivatives hedging the forecasted future interest payments on debt have been reflected upon settlement as a component of financing cash flows. The resulting gain or loss from such settlement is deferred to other comprehensive income and reclassified to interest expense over the term of the underlying debt. This reclassification of the deferred gains and losses impacts the interest expense recognized on the underlying debt that was hedged and is therefore reflected as a component of operating cash flows in periods subsequent to settlement. The periodic settlement of interest rate derivatives hedging outstanding variable rate debt is recorded as an adjustment to interest expense and is therefore reflected as a component of operating cash flows.

From time to time, Woodward will enter into foreign currency exchange rate contracts to hedge against changes in foreign currency exchange rates on liabilities expected to be settled at a future date. Woodward has historically not designated these transactions as accounting hedges. The fair value of foreign currency exchange rate contracts held at the end of the period are recognized in the balance sheet and the unrealized gains or losses are recorded to "Other (income) expense, net" in the Statement of Earnings. Upon settlement of foreign currency exchange rate contracts, any unrealized gains or losses previously recognized are reversed and the realized gain or loss is recorded to "Other (income) expense, net" in the Statement of Earnings. Further information on foreign currency exchange rate contracts can be found at Note 6, Derivative instruments and hedging activities.

Postretirement benefits

Postretirement benefits: The Company provides various benefits to certain current and former employees through defined benefit pension and postretirement plans. For financial reporting purposes, net periodic benefits expense and related obligations are calculated using a number of significant actuarial assumptions. Changes in net periodic expense and funding status may occur in the future due to changes in these assumptions. The funded status of defined pension and postretirement plans recognized in the statement of financial position is measured as the difference between the fair market value of the plan assets and the benefit obligation. For a defined benefit pension plan, the benefit obligation is the projected benefit obligation; for any other defined benefit postretirement plan, such as a retiree health care plan, the benefit obligation is the accumulated benefit obligation. Any over-funded status is recognized as an asset and any underfunded status is recognized as a liability.

Projected benefit obligation is the actuarial present value as of the measurement date of all benefits attributed by the plan benefit formula to employee service rendered before the measurement date using assumptions as to future compensation levels if the plan benefit formula is based on those future compensation levels. Accumulated benefit obligation is the actuarial present value of benefits (whether vested or unvested) attributed by the plan benefit formula to employee service rendered before the measurement date and based on employee service and compensation, if applicable, prior to that date. Accumulated benefit obligation differs from projected benefit obligation in that it includes no assumption about future compensation levels.

Deferred Compensation, Excluding Share-based Payments and Retirement Benefits [Member]

Deferred compensation

Deferred compensation: The Company maintains a deferred compensation plan or "rabbi trust" as part of its overall compensation package for certain employees.

Deferred compensation obligations will be settled either by delivery of a fixed number of shares of Woodward's common stock (in accordance with certain eligible members' irrevocable elections) or in cash. Woodward has contributed shares of its common stock into a trust established for the future settlement of deferred compensation obligations that are payable in shares of Woodward's common stock. Common stock held by the trust is reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as "Treasury stock held for deferred compensation" and the related deferred compensation obligation is reflected as a separate component of equity in amounts equal to the fair value of the common stock at the dates of contribution. These accounts are not adjusted for subsequent changes in the fair value of the common stock. Deferred compensation obligations that will be settled in cash are accounted for on an accrual basis in accordance with the terms of the underlying contract and are reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as "Other liabilities."