Up until July 20, 2022, we consolidated TRC under the VIE model as we determined that TRC was a VIE and we were the primary beneficiary of the entity because we had the power to direct the economically significant activities of TRC and the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from, TRC. We held 15% ownership interest of TRC. The primary source of revenue for TRC is the royalties generated from the net sales of TRELEGY® ELLIPTA® by GSK.

As discussed in Note 3, “Revenue Recognition”, on July 13, 2022, ITH entered into the TRC Equity Purchase Agreement to sell our ownership interest in TRC. Upon the closing of the transaction on July 20, 2022, we received $277.5 million in cash from Royalty Pharma. We are also entitled to receive up to $50.0 million in contingent sales-based milestone payments in the future. In connection with the closing of the transaction, we also received our portion of TRC’s remaining cash balance of $4.4 million from Royalty Pharma rather than through a cash distribution from TRC.

Prior to the closing of the transaction and as part of the agreement, TRC distributed its ownership interests and investments in InCarda Therapeutics (“InCarda”), Inc., ImaginAb, Inc. (“ImaginAb”), Gate Neurosciences (“Gate”), Inc. and Nanolive SA (“Nanolive”), which had a total carrying value of $39.4 million, to ITH. We accounted for the transaction similar to an upstream sale between a parent and a VIE under ASC 810-10. As such, ITH recorded the transferred investments at their respective carrying values and no gain or loss was recognized in the consolidated statement of income.

The summarized financial information of TRC for the relevant periods through the sale date in 2022 are presented as follows:

Income statements


	Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)	2022 (1)			2021
Royalty revenue	$	72,029		$	126,688
Operating expenses		(332	)		(3,956	)
Income from operations		71,697			122,732
Other income, net		10			—
Realized loss		(39,386	)		—
Income tax expense, net		1			—
Changes in fair values of equity and long-term investments		(8,884	)		(1,541	)
Net income	$	23,438		$	121,191

(1) The year ended December 31, 2022 represents the period from January 1, 2022 to July 20, 2022, the date of the sale of our ownership interest in TRC.

In December 2020, Innoviva Strategic Partners LLC, our wholly owned subsidiary (“Strategic Partners”), contributed $300.0 million to ISP Fund LP (the “Partnership”) for investing in “long” positions in the healthcare, pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors and became a limited partner. The general partner of the Partnership (“General Partner”) is an affiliate of Sarissa Capital.

The Partnership Agreement provides for Sarissa Capital to receive management fees from the Partnership, payable quarterly in advance, measured based on the Net Asset Value of Strategic Partners’ capital account in the Partnership. In addition, General Partner is entitled to an annual performance fee based on the Net Profits of the Partnership during the annual measurement period.

The Partnership Agreement includes a lock-up period of thirty-six months after which Strategic Partners is entitled to make withdrawals from the Partnership as of such lock-up expiration date and each anniversary thereafter, subject to certain limitations. The lock-up period for the initial contribution of $190.0 million, which excludes the amount discussed below, expired in December 2023. Strategic Partners did not elect to make a withdrawal in 2023, thereby extending the lock-up period and withdrawal elections into subsequent years.

In May 2021, Strategic Partners received a distribution of $110.0 million from the Partnership to provide funding to Innoviva for a strategic repurchase of shares held by GSK. On March 30, 2022, Strategic Partners made an additional capital contribution of $110.0 million to the Partnership pursuant to the letter agreement entered into between Strategic Partners, the Partnership and Sarissa Capital Fund GP LP on May 20, 2021. The capital contribution is subject to a 36-month lock up period from the contribution date.

We consolidate ISP Fund LP under the VIE model as we have determined that ISP Fund LP is a VIE and we are the primary beneficiary of the entity via our related party relationships with Sarissa Capital entities. Our maximum exposure to loss is equal to the amount we invested in the entity.

ISP Fund LP is determined to be an investment company under ASC 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies, as it meets all fundamental characteristics of an investment company, and its activities are consistent with those of an investment company. Since ISP Fund LP is subject to investment company industry specific guidance, we have retained the industry-specific guidance applied by the Partnership. In addition, as our investment in the Partnership is a passive investment for the Company and is not part of our main operations, the investments are presented as part of “Equity and long-term investments” in our consolidated balance sheets. We report in our consolidated statements of income any investment gains and losses by the Partnership as part of “Changes in fair value of equity and long-term investments, net”, any interest and dividend income as part of “Interest and dividend income” and any investment expenses as part of “Other expense, net”.

As of December 31, 2023, we continued to hold 100% of the economic interest of Partnership. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, total assets of the Partnership were $311.8 million and $320.6 million, respectively, of which the majority was attributable to equity and long-term investments. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, total liabilities of the Partnership were $0.1 million and $1.6 million, respectively. The Partnership’s assets can only be used to settle its own obligations. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Partnership incurred $4.3 million in net investment-related expenses, generated $6.3 million interest income, recorded $2.4 million in net realized losses and $6.7 million in net unrealized losses as changes in fair values of equity and long-term investments, net, in the consolidated statement of income. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Partnership incurred $5.2 million in net investment-related expenses, generated $2.0 million interest income, recorded $6.8 million in net realized gains and $9.9 million in net unrealized losses as changes in fair values of equity and long-term investments, net, in the consolidated statement of income. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Partnership incurred $3.6 million in net investment-related expense, generated $1.8 million interest and dividend income, and recorded net $10.5 million realized gains and net $2.4 million unrealized losses as changes in fair values of equity and long-term investments, net, in the consolidated statement of income. We account for the long-term investments held by ISP Fund LP as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 as equity investments measured at fair value and the investment in convertible notes as of December 31, 2022 as trading security.

We started investing in Entasis in 2020 as part of our capital allocation strategy of deploying cash generated from royalty income and investing in different life sciences companies. Entasis at the time was an advanced, late clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery and development of novel antibacterial products. Effective in June 2020, after certain conditions were met with respect to the sales of Entasis equity shares, Innoviva had the right to designate two members to Entasis’ board. Our investment in Entasis consisted of shares of common stock and warrants to purchase shares of Entasis common stock.

The fair value of Entasis’ common stock was measured based on its closing market price at each balance sheet date. We used the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model to estimate the fair value of the warrants.

On February 17, 2022, Innoviva Strategic Opportunities, LLC (“ISO”) entered into a securities purchase agreement with Entasis pursuant to which ISO purchased a convertible promissory note for a total purchase price of $15.0 million. The note bore an annual interest rate of 0.59% and was due to mature and become payable on August 18, 2022 unless it was converted at a conversion price of $1.48 before the maturity date. With this financing, we determined that we had both (i) the power to direct the economically significant activities of Entasis and (ii) the obligation to absorb the losses, or the right to receive the benefits, that could potentially be significant to Entasis and therefore, we were the primary beneficiary of Entasis. Accordingly, we consolidated Entasis’ financial position and results of operations effective on February 17, 2022. Our equity ownership interest remained at 59.9% as of February 17, 2022, and the fair values of our holdings of Entasis common stock and warrants were remeasured and estimated at $64.5 million and $31.4 million, respectively.

The remeasurement resulted in a $7.8 million loss in the first quarter of 2022 which was included in changes in fair values of equity method investments, net, in the consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2022.

We completed our acquisition of Entasis’ minority interest on July 11, 2022. No payments were made toward the convertible promissory note through the date of acquisition of Entasis. In connection with the acquisition, all of the Entasis warrants were replaced with Innoviva warrants (the “Replacement Warrants”) of equivalent value and bearing the same terms. The Replacement Warrants are classified as equity.

We recognized the difference between the acquisition price and the carrying value of the acquired minority interest on July 11, 2022 in our additional paid-in capital.

The fair values assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of February 17, 2022 were based on management’s best estimates and assumptions. After the acquisition in July 2022, we adjusted the purchase price allocation based on new and additional information related to product sales forecast provided by Entasis and deferred tax liabilities.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded measurement period adjustments of $4.7 million decrease in goodwill, primarily related to a decrease in estimated purchase price of $1.4 million, an increase in noncontrolling interests of $1.7 million, and an increase in intangible assets of $2.5 million. The cumulative impact of the measurement period adjustments included in the consolidated net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 was not material.

In February 2023, we recorded a measurement period adjustment of $1.2 million increase in goodwill, primarily related to a decrease in intangible assets of $0.8 million and an increase in deferred tax liabilities of $0.4 million. The measurement period adjustment did not impact the consolidated net income for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The following table represents the adjusted fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed by us in the transaction:


(In thousands)	February 17, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	23,070
Prepaid expenses		5,554
Other current assets		1,959
Property and equipment, net		185
Right-of-use assets		959
Goodwill		11,493
Intangible assets		106,700
Other assets		302
Total assets acquired	$	150,222

Accounts payable	$	1,583
Accrued personnel-related expenses		1,058
Other accrued liabilities		5,096
Deferred tax liabilities		7,769
Total liabilities assumed	$	15,506

Total assets acquired, net	$	134,716

The goodwill arising from the acquisition of Entasis is primarily attributable to Entasis’ assembled workforce and the value associated with growing our business more efficiently. The goodwill from this acquisition is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

Refer to Note 8, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets”, for more discussion on the intangible assets recognized as part of this acquisition.

As a result of the consolidation, we recognized a non-controlling interest of $38.5 million as of February 17, 2022. Our consolidated net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 included the net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest since the consolidation date until the date of acquisition of $13.6 million.

On August 22, 2022, ISO acquired La Jolla for a total consideration of $206.6 million. ISO acquired La Jolla at a price of $6.23 per share. La Jolla is dedicated to the commercialization of innovative therapies that improve outcomes in patients suffering from life-threatening diseases. La Jolla brought to Innoviva an established product portfolio, including GIAPREZA® (angiotensin II), approved to increase blood pressure in adults with septic or other distributive shock and XERAVA® (eravacycline) for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs). We incurred approximately $5.3 million in acquisition-related costs in connection with this acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2022.

The fair values assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of August 22, 2022 were based on management’s best estimates and assumptions.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded measurement period adjustments of $3.7 million increase in goodwill, primarily related to a decrease in inventory and intangible assets of $7.7 million and $1.5 million, respectively, and an increase in deferred tax liabilities of $2.6 million, partially offset by a decrease in other long-term liabilities of $8.3 million. The cumulative impact of the measurement period adjustments included in the consolidated net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 was not material.

In June 2023, we recorded a measurement period adjustment of $13.1 million decrease in goodwill, primarily related to an increase in deferred tax assets of $10.5 million and a decrease in deferred tax liabilities of $2.6 million. In August 2023, we recorded a measurement period adjustment of $3.0 million increase in goodwill, primarily related to a decrease in deferred tax assets of $2.4 million and an increase in deferred tax liabilities of $0.6 million. The cumulative impact of the measurement period adjustments included did not impact the consolidated net income for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The following table represents the adjusted fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed by us in the transaction:


(In thousands)	August 22, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	47,415
Short-term marketable securities		471
Accounts receivable		5,876
Inventory		66,200
Prepaid expenses		1,261
Other current assets		907
Property and equipment, net		13
Right-of-use assets		226
Goodwill		6,411
Intangible assets		151,000
Deferred tax assets		7,461
Other assets		710
Total assets acquired	$	287,951

Accounts payable	$	1,237
Deferred revenue		2,849
Other accrued liabilities		11,362
Other long-term liabilities		65,944
Total liabilities assumed	$	81,392

Total assets acquired, net	$	206,559

The goodwill arising from the acquisition of La Jolla is primarily attributable to La Jolla’s assembled workforce and the value associated with leveraging the workforce to develop and commercialize new drug products in the future and growing our business more efficiently. The goodwill from this acquisition is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

Refer to Note 8, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets”, for more discussion on the intangible assets recognized as part of this acquisition.

The following table presents certain unaudited pro-forma financial information for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 as if the consolidation of Entasis and La Jolla occurred on January 1, 2021. The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only, and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisitions had taken place on January 1, 2021, or of results that may occur in the future. The unaudited pro forma financial information combines the historical results of the Entasis and La Jolla with the Company’s consolidated historical results and includes certain adjustments including, but not limited to, fair value adjustments to equity investments in Entasis’ common stock and warrants, fair value adjustments to inventory, amortization of intangible assets, and interest expense on deferred royalty obligations and acquisition-related costs.


	Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)	2022		2021
Revenue	$	357,880	$	435,398
Net income	$	204,987	$	281,719
Net income attributable to Innoviva stockholders	$	214,390	$	197,535