The Company uses derivative instruments to mitigate certain exposures. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The effects these derivative instruments and hedged items have on financial position, financial performance, and cash flows are provided below.

The Company has foreign currency exposures throughout Europe, Greater Asia, Canada and Latin America. Transactional currency exposures that arise from entering into transactions, generally on an intercompany basis, in non-hyperinflationary countries that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are mitigated primarily through the use of forward contracts. In order to mitigate foreign currency exposure relating to its investments in certain foreign subsidiaries, the Company has hedged the currency risk associated with those investments with instruments, such as foreign currency-denominated debt, cross-currency swaps and currency exchange contracts, which are designated as net investment hedges.

Hedges of the transactional foreign exchange exposures resulting primarily from intercompany payables and receivables are undesignated hedges. As such, the gains or losses on these instruments are recognized immediately in income. These gains and losses are largely offset by gains and losses on the underlying hedged items, as well as the hedging costs associated with the derivative instruments. The net amounts recognized in Other income (expense), net, during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were immaterial to the Company's consolidated financial results. The total notional amounts of the Company’s outstanding foreign exchange contracts as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 were $1.2 billion and $2.3 billion, respectively.

Certain of the Company's foreign currency-denominated long-term notes outstanding, which had a total carrying value of $1.5 billion and $1.4 billion as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively, were designated as, and were effective as, economic hedges of net investments in certain of the Company's foreign subsidiaries. The Company has entered into cross-currency swaps, all of which are designated and effective as economic hedges of net investments in certain of the Company's foreign subsidiaries. The notional amounts of the cross-currency swaps were $3.0 billion and $2.3 billion as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively.

Net gains or losses relating to the net investment hedges, which are attributable to changes in the foreign currencies to U.S. dollar spot exchange rates, are recorded as accumulated foreign currency translation in Other comprehensive income (loss). Upon the termination of a net investment hedge, any net gain or loss included in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) relative to the investment hedge remains until the foreign subsidiary investment is disposed of or is substantially liquidated.

Net (losses) gains recorded to Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) relating to the Company's net investment hedges for the three and nine-month periods were as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
(Millions of dollars)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Foreign currency-denominated debt	$	(56)	$	39	$	(46)	$	81
Cross-currency swaps	$	(122)	$	(14)	$	19	$	(14)
Foreign currency forward contract (a)	$	—	$	(9)	$	—	$	(9)

The Company’s policy is to manage interest rate exposure using a mix of fixed and variable rate debt. The Company periodically uses interest rate swaps to manage such exposures. Under these interest rate swaps, the Company exchanges, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed and floating interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount. These swaps are designated as either fair value or cash flow hedges.

For interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges (i.e., hedges against the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability or an identified portion thereof that is attributable to a particular risk), changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps offset changes in the fair value of the fixed rate debt due to changes in market interest rates.

The total notional amount of the Company’s outstanding interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges was $375 million at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. The outstanding swaps represent fixed-to-floating interest rate swap agreements the

Company entered into to convert the interest payments on certain long-term notes from the fixed rate to a floating interest rate based on LIBOR. Changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps offset changes in the fair value of the fixed rate debt. The amounts recorded during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 for changes in the fair value of these hedges were immaterial to the Company's consolidated financial results.

Changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges (i.e., hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk) are recorded in Other comprehensive income (loss). If interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are terminated, the balance in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to those derivatives is reclassified into earnings over the remaining life of the hedged debt. The net realized loss related to terminated interest rate swaps expected to be reclassified and recorded in Interest expense within the next 12 months is $6 million, net of tax.

The total notional amount of the Company's outstanding forward starting interest rate swaps was $1.5 billion at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. The Company entered into these contracts in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2019 to mitigate its exposure to interest rate risk. The amount recorded in Other comprehensive income (loss) relating to these interest rate hedges during the three months ended June 30, 2020 was immaterial. The Company recorded an after-tax loss of $74 million in Other comprehensive income (loss) relating to these interest rate hedges during the nine months ended June 30, 2020.

The Company purchases resins, which are oil-based components used in the manufacture of certain products. Significant increases in world oil prices that lead to increases in resin purchase costs could impact future operating results. From time to time, the Company has managed price risks associated with these commodity purchases through commodity derivative forward contracts. The Company had no outstanding commodity derivative forward contracts at June 30, 2020 and the amount outstanding as of September 30, 2019 was immaterial to the Company's consolidated financial results.

The fair values of derivative instruments outstanding at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 were not material to the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

The amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income relating to cash flow hedges during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were not material to the Company's consolidated financial results.