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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

The Company uses a fiscal calendar year ending on June 30. All references herein to “fiscal 2020” or “2020” represent the fiscal year ending June 30, 2020. All references herein to “fiscal 2019” or “2019” represent the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Extreme and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

The Company predominantly uses the United States Dollar as its functional currency. The functional currency for certain of its foreign subsidiaries is the local currency. For those subsidiaries that operate in a local functional currency environment, all assets and liabilities are translated to United States Dollars at current month end rates of exchange; and revenue and expenses are translated using the monthly average rate.

Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires the identification of arrangements that should be accounted for as leases by lessees and lessors, and key disclosure information about leasing arrangements. In general, for lease arrangements exceeding a twelve-month term, these arrangements are recognized as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet of the lessee. Under Topic 842, a right-of-use asset (“ROU”) and lease obligation are recorded for all leases, whether operating or financing, while the statement of operations will reflect lease expense for operating leases and amortization/interest expense for financing leases. The balance sheet amount recorded for existing leases at the date of adoption of Topic 842 is calculated using the applicable incremental borrowing rate at the date of adoption. Topic 842 also requires lessors to classify leases as a sales-type, direct financing or operating lease. A lease is a sales-type lease if any one of five criteria are met, each of which indicate that the lease, in effect, transfers control of the underlying asset to the lessee. If none of those five criteria are met, but two additional criteria are both met, indicating that the lessor has transferred substantially all of the risks and benefits to the lessee and a third party, the lease is a direct financing lease. All leases that are not sales-type or direct financing leases are operating leases. Substantially all of the Company’s leases continue to be classified as operating leases. In addition, Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No 2018-10, Codification Improvements; ASU 2018-11, Targeted Improvements; ASU 2018-20 Narrow Scope Improvements; and ASU 2019-01 Codification Improvements.

The Company adopted the new standards beginning with its fiscal year 2020. Topic 842 is applied on the modified retrospective method, applying the new standard to all leases existing as of July 1, 2019. The Company adopted the new standard using the effective date of July 1, 2019 as the date of initial application. Consequently, financial information has not been updated, and disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods prior to July 1, 2019.

The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. The Company elected the “package of practical expedients” which permitted the Company not to reassess under the new standard its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification, and initial direct costs. The new standard also provided practical expedients for ongoing accounting. The Company also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualified. For those leases that qualified, existing short-term leases at the transition date and those entered into subsequent to the transition date, the Company did not recognize right-of-use assets or lease liabilities. In addition, the Company elected the practical expedient not to separate lease and non-lease components for leases except for the logistic services asset class and certain revenue subscription contracts where the Company leases its hardware products and provides maintenance and support over a service period which is recognized under ASC Topic 606. See Note 9, Leases, for additional information regarding the Company’s leases.

On July 1, 2019, the Company recognized ROU assets of approximately $64.6 million and corresponding lease liabilities of $79.5 million on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, which was based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments under current leasing standards for existing operating leases.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which is intended to allow companies to better align risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results by expanding and refining hedge accounting for both nonfinancial and financial risk components and aligning the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instrument and the hedged item in the financial statements. In addition, in October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), which amends Topic 815 to add the overnight index swap (OIS) rate based on the secured overnight financing rate as a fifth U.S. benchmark interest rate. In addition, Topic 815 was subsequently amended by ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements. These standards are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning with its fiscal year 2020. It did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), this standard that allows the reclassification from AOCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Reform Act"). The amount of the reclassification is the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate on the gross deferred tax amounts and related valuation allowances related to items remaining in AOCI. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The new standard is to be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effects of the change in the income tax rate in the Tax Reform Act are recognized. The standard was adopted on July 1, 2019 and did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326). The standard changes the methodology for measuring credit losses on financial instruments and the timing of when such losses are recorded. It replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model. It also requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be recognized as an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction to the carrying value of the securities. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company currently plans to adopt this standard beginning with its fiscal year 2021, beginning on July 1, 2020.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (Topic 350), which removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. An impairment charge will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company currently plans to adopt this standard beginning with its fiscal year 2021, beginning on July 1, 2020.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which removes, modifies and adds various disclosure requirements around the topic in order to clarify and improve the cost-benefit nature of disclosures. For example, disclosures around transfers between fair value hierarchy levels will be removed and further detail around changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period and unobservable inputs determining Level 3 fair value measurements will be added. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the new standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning with its fiscal year 2021, beginning on July 1, 2020.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a service contract hosting arrangement with those of developing or obtaining internal-use software. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the new standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning with its fiscal year 2021, beginning on July 1, 2020.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income taxes – Simplifying the Accounting for Income taxes (Topic 740), which reduces the complexity of accounting for income taxes including the removal of certain exceptions to the general principles of ASC 740, Income taxes, and simplification in several other areas such as accounting for franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the new standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning with its fiscal year 2022, beginning on July 1, 2021.

Revenue Recognition

Performance Obligations. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is the unit of account in Topic 606. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. Certain of the Company’s contracts have multiple performance obligations, as the promise to transfer individual goods or services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts and, therefore, is distinct. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company separately sells these products. For items that are not sold separately, the Company estimates the stand-alone selling prices using the best estimated selling price approach.

The Company’s performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time or over time as work progresses. Substantially all of the Company’s product sales revenues are recognized at a point in time. Substantially all of the Company’s service and SaaS revenue is recognized over time. For revenue recognized over time, the Company uses an input measure, days elapsed, to measure progress.

On December 31, 2019, the Company had $277.8 million of remaining performance obligations, which primarily comprised of deferred maintenance and SaaS revenue. The Company expects to recognize approximately 42 percent of its deferred revenue as revenue in fiscal 2020, an additional 34 percent in fiscal 2021 and 24 percent of the balance thereafter.

Contract Balances. The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable and deferred revenue in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Services provided under renewable support arrangements of the Company are billed in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, which are either billed fully at the inception of contract or at periodic intervals (e.g., quarterly or annually). The Company sometimes receives payments from its customers in advance of services being provided, resulting in deferred revenues. These liabilities are reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.

Revenue recognized for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of each period was $67.2 million and $59.9 million, respectively. Revenue recognized for the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of each period was $90.9 million and $88.8 million, respectively.

Contract Costs. The Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. Management expects that commission fees paid to sales representatives as a result of obtaining service contracts and contract renewals are recoverable and therefore the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets included capitalized balances in the amount of $8.3 million and $6.5 million at December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively. Capitalized commission fees are amortized on a straight-line basis over the average period of service contracts of approximately three years, and are included in “Sales and marketing” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Amortization recognized during the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, was $1.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively. Amortization recognized during the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $3.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively. There was no impairment loss in relation to the costs capitalized.

Estimated Variable Consideration. There were no material changes in the current period to the estimated variable consideration for performance obligations which were satisfied or partially satisfied during previous periods.

Revenue by Category

The following table sets forth the Company’s revenue disaggregated by sales channel and geographic region based on the customer’s ship-to locations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	December 31, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Distributor		Direct		Total		Distributor		Direct		Total
Americas:
United States	$	60,111	$	61,622	$	121,733	$	44,141	$	55,326	$	99,467
Other		8,204		5,563		13,767		8,269		5,380		13,649
Total Americas		68,315		67,185		135,500		52,410		60,706		113,116
EMEA		64,717		44,257		108,974		79,876		32,773		112,649
APAC		6,007		16,991		22,998		4,767		22,148		26,915
Total net revenues	$	139,039	$	128,433	$	267,472	$	137,053	$	115,627	$	252,680

	Six Months Ended
	December 31, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Distributor		Direct		Total		Distributor		Direct		Total
Americas:
United States	$	130,089	$	123,967	$	254,056	$	100,883	$	115,262	$	216,145
Other		12,219		10,562		22,781		12,762		10,904		23,666
Total Americas		142,308		134,529		276,837		113,645		126,166		239,811
EMEA		123,846		73,891		197,737		141,207		63,611		204,818
APAC:		15,120		33,284		48,404		7,116		40,821		47,937
Total net revenues	$	281,274	$	241,704	$	522,978	$	261,968	$	230,598	$	492,566

Inventories

The Company values its inventory at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost, on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company adjusts the carrying value of its inventory when conditions exist that suggest that inventory may be in excess of anticipated demand or is obsolete based upon assumptions about future demand. At the point of the loss recognition, a new, lower-cost basis for that inventory is established, and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established cost basis. Any written down or obsolete inventory subsequently sold has not had a material impact on gross margin for any of the periods presented.

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

	December 31, 2019		June 30, 2019
Finished goods	$	62,116	$	49,492
Raw materials		17,548		14,097
Total Inventories	$	79,664	$	63,589

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):

	December 31, 2019			June 30, 2019
Computers and equipment	$	74,694		$	72,309
Purchased software		32,199			29,126
Office equipment, furniture and fixtures		11,453			10,815
Leasehold improvements		52,499			51,245
Total property and equipment		170,845			163,495
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(102,907	)		(89,941	)
Property and equipment, net	$	67,938		$	73,554

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue represents amounts for (i) deferred maintenance and support revenue (ii) deferred SaaS revenue, and (iii) other deferred revenue including professional services and training when the revenue recognition criteria have not been met.

Guarantees and Product Warranties

The majority of the Company’s hardware products are shipped with either a one-year warranty or a limited lifetime warranty, and software products receive a 90-day warranty for media only. Upon shipment of products to its customers, the Company estimates expenses for the cost to repair or replace products that may be returned under warranty and accrues a liability in cost of product revenue for this amount. The determination of the Company’s warranty requirements is based on actual historical experience with the product or product family, estimates of repair and replacement costs and any product warranty problems that are identified after shipment. The Company estimates and adjusts these accruals at each balance sheet date in accordance with changes in these factors.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s product warranty liability during the three and six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018			December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Balance beginning of period	$	15,988		$	12,601		$	14,779		$	12,807
Warranties assumed due to acquisitions		—			—			570			—
New warranties issued		5,539			4,145			11,461			7,867
Warranty expenditures		(5,318	)		(3,938	)		(10,601	)		(7,866	)
Balance end of period	$	16,209		$	12,808		$	16,209		$	12,808

To facilitate sales of its products in the normal course of business, the Company indemnifies its resellers and end-user customers with respect to certain matters. The Company has agreed to hold the customer harmless against losses arising from a breach of intellectual property infringement or other. These agreements may limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim. It is not possible to estimate the maximum potential amount under these indemnification agreements due to the limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by the Company under these agreements have not had a material impact on its operating results or financial position.

Other Long-term Liabilities

Other long-term liabilities

The following is a summary of long-term liabilities (in thousands):

	December 31, 2019		June 30, 2019
Acquisition related deferred payments, less current portion	$	7,741	$	9,604
Contingent consideration obligations, less current portion		930		2,688
Other contractual obligations, less current portion		22,529		26,261
Other		3,039		15,597
Total other long-term liabilities	$	34,239	$	54,150

Concentrations

The Company may be subject to concentration of credit risk as a result of certain financial instruments consisting of accounts receivable and short-term investments. The Company does not invest an amount exceeding 10% of its combined cash or cash equivalents in the securities of any one obligor or maker, except for obligations of the United States government, obligations of United States government agencies and money market accounts.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive earnings per share is calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares used in the basic earnings per share calculation plus the dilutive effect of shares subject to repurchase, options and unvested restricted stock units.