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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

The Company uses a fiscal calendar year ending on June 30. All references herein to “fiscal 2019” or “2019” represent the fiscal year ending June 30, 2019. All references herein to “fiscal 2018” or “2018” represent the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Extreme and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

The Company predominantly uses the United States Dollar as its functional currency. The functional currency for certain of its foreign subsidiaries is the local currency. For those subsidiaries that operate in a local functional currency environment, all assets and liabilities are translated to United States Dollars at current month end rates of exchange; and revenue and expenses are translated using the monthly average rate.

Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which provides guidance for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial assets and liabilities. The guidance was adopted effective July 1, 2018 and the Company reclassified a $0.5 million unrealized gain, net of tax, related to its available-for-sale investments from accumulated other comprehensive loss to accumulated deficit as a cumulative-effect adjustment in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Future changes in fair value will be included in earnings in each period.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments to provide guidance on the classification of eight cash flow issues in order to reduce diversity in practice. The Company adopted the new guidance effective July 1, 2018. The amendments in this update have been applied on a retrospective transition method to each period presented. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s presentation of cash flows.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, which requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Historically GAAP had prohibited the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold outside the consolidated group. The new guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted ASU 2016-16 effective July 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting, which amends the scope of modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements and provides guidance on the types of changes to the terms or conditions of share-based payment awards to which an entity would be required to apply modification accounting under Topic 718. Specifically, an entity would not apply modification accounting if the fair value, vesting conditions, and classification of the awards are the same immediately before and after the modification. The Company adopted this guidance effective July 1, 2018, on a prospective basis. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires the identification of arrangements that should be accounted for as leases by lessees and lessors. In general, for lease arrangements exceeding a twelve-month term, these arrangements must now be recognized as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet of the lessee. Under Topic 842, a right-of-use asset and lease obligation will be recorded for all leases, whether operating or financing, while the statement of operations will reflect lease expense for operating leases and amortization/interest expense for financing leases. The balance sheet amount recorded for existing leases at the date of adoption of Topic 842 must be calculated using the applicable incremental borrowing rate at the date of adoption. Topic 842 is applied on the modified retrospective method through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. In addition, in December 2018 and March 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-20, Leases (Topic 842) and ASU No. 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842), respectively, which includes narrow-scope improvements for lessors to increase transparency and comparability about leasing transactions and addresses lessor implementation issues and clarifies that lessees and lessors are exempt from certain interim disclosure requirements. This guidance will become effective for the Company beginning with its fiscal year 2020, beginning on July 1, 2019. The Company‘s evaluation of the new standards are underway, and significant changes from the current guidance have been identified. The Company expects to elect certain available transitional guidance. The Company also currently expects to elect the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify. This means, for those leases that qualify, the Company will not recognize right-of-use (“ROU”) assets or lease liabilities, and this includes not recognizing ROU assets or lease liabilities for existing short-term leases of those assets in transition. In addition, the Company currently expects to elect the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for leases of vehicles and equipment. The Company has selected, and is in the process of implementing and testing a new lease accounting system and validating its results. While the Company continues to evaluate the effect of adopting Topic 842, it expects that these new standards will have a material impact to the Company’s financial position. The Company will recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets with corresponding ROU assets at the same amount as the lease liability based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments under current leasing standards for existing operating leases. The Company does not expect that the adoption of Topic 842 will have a material effect on operating income (loss) and net cash flows, however it will impact the classification between cash flows from operations and cash flows from financing activities.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which is intended to allow companies to better align risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results by expanding and refining hedge accounting for both nonfinancial and financial risk components and aligning the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instrument and the hedged item in the financial statements. In addition, in October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), which amends Topic 815 to add the overnight index swap (“OIS”) rate based on the secured overnight financing rate as a fifth U.S. benchmark interest rate. These standards are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is continuing to evaluate the accounting, transition and disclosure requirements of these standards, but does not believe it will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning with its fiscal year 2020, beginning on July 1, 2019.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), this standard that allows the reclassification from AOCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Reform Act"). The amount of the reclassification is the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate on the gross deferred tax amounts and related valuation allowances related to items remaining in AOCI. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, for reporting periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The new standard is to be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effects of the change in the income tax rate in the Tax Reform Act are recognized. Management is currently evaluating implementation options and impact on the Company's financial statements and related disclosures. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning with its fiscal year 2020, beginning on July 1, 2019.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which removes, modifies and adds various disclosure requirements around the topic in order to clarify and improve the cost-benefit nature of disclosures. For example, disclosures around transfers between fair value hierarchy levels will be removed and further detail around changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period and unobservable inputs determining Level 3 fair value measurements will be added. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the new standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning with its fiscal year 2021, beginning on July 1, 2020.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a service contract hosting arrangement with those of developing or obtaining internal-use software. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the new standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning with its fiscal year 2021, beginning on July 1, 2020.

Revenue Recognition

Performance Obligations. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is the unit of account in Topic 606. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. Certain of the Company’s contracts have multiple performance obligations, as the promise to transfer individual goods or services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts and, therefore, is distinct. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company separately sells these products. For items that are not sold separately, the Company estimates the stand-alone selling prices using the best estimated selling price approach.

The Company’s performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time or over time as work progresses. Substantially all of the Company’s product sales revenue is recognized at a point in time. Substantially all of the Company’s service revenue is recognized over time. For revenue recognized over time, the Company uses an input measure, days elapsed, to measure progress.

On March 31, 2019, the Company had $187.7 million of remaining performance obligations, which is comprised of deferred maintenance revenue and services not yet delivered. The Company expects to recognize approximately 29 percent of its remaining performance obligations as revenue in fiscal 2019, an additional 49 percent in fiscal 2020 and 22 percent of the balance thereafter.

Contract Balances. The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable and deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheet. Services provided under renewable support arrangements of the Company are billed in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, which are typically at periodic intervals (e.g., quarterly or annually). The Company sometimes receives payments from its customers in advance of services being provided, resulting in deferred revenues. These liabilities are reported on the consolidated balance sheet on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.

Revenue recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of each period was $54.8 million and $50.6 million, respectively. Revenue recognized for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of each period was $110.8 million and $66.7 million, respectively.

Contract Costs. The Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. Management expects that commission fees paid to sales representatives as a result of obtaining service contracts and contract renewals are recoverable and therefore the Company’s consolidated balance sheets included capitalized balances in the amount of $5.6 million and $4.3 million at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively. Capitalized commission fees are amortized on a straight-line basis over the average period of service contracts of approximately three years, and are included in “Sales and marketing” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Amortization recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was $0.8 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Amortization recognized during the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $2.2 million and $1.4 million, respectively. There was no impairment loss in relation to the costs capitalized.

Estimated Variable Consideration. There were no material changes in the current period to the estimated variable consideration for performance obligations which were satisfied or partially satisfied during previous periods.

Revenue by Category

The following table sets forth the Company’s revenue disaggregated by sales channel and geographic region based on the customer’s ship-to locations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2019						March 31, 2018
	Distributor		Direct		Total		Distributor		Direct		Total
Americas:
United States	$	72,071	$	56,096	$	128,167	$	76,392	$	56,929	$	133,321
Other		4,930		5,589		10,519		4,288		6,165		10,453
Total Americas		77,001		61,685		138,686		80,680		63,094		143,774
EMEA		48,834		35,076		83,910		58,668		36,120		94,788
APAC		4,850		23,418		28,268		3,085		20,357		23,442
Total net revenues	$	130,685	$	120,179	$	250,864	$	142,433	$	119,571	$	262,004

	Nine Months Ended
	March 31, 2019						March 31, 2018
	Distributor		Direct		Total		Distributor		Direct		Total
Americas:
United States	$	172,752	$	171,359	$	344,111	$	181,415	$	160,484	$	341,899
Other		17,893		16,494		34,387		13,417		20,252		33,669
Total Americas		190,645		187,853		378,498		194,832		180,736		375,568
EMEA		190,041		98,687		288,728		165,856		97,647		263,503
APAC:		11,967		64,237		76,204		11,480		54,291		65,771
Total net revenues	$	392,653	$	350,777	$	743,430	$	372,168	$	332,674	$	704,842

Cash and Marketable Securities

The following is a summary of cash and marketable securities (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		June 30, 2018
Cash	$	156,813	$	121,139
Marketable securities (consisting of available-for-sale securities)		262		1,459
Total cash and marketable securities	$	157,075	$	122,598

Marketable equity securities are recorded in “Prepaid expense and other current assets” in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as these securities are publicly-traded with readily determinable values. Marketable equity securities are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in “Other (expense) income, net” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Inventories

The Company values its inventory at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost, on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company adjusts the carrying value of its inventory when conditions exist that suggest that inventory may be in excess of anticipated demand or is obsolete based upon assumptions about future demand. At the point of the loss recognition, a new, lower-cost basis for that inventory is established, and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established cost basis. Any written down or obsolete inventory subsequently sold has not had a material impact on gross margin for any of the periods presented.

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		June 30, 2018
Finished goods	$	42,727	$	49,393
Raw materials		14,918		14,474
Total Inventories	$	57,645	$	63,867

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019			June 30, 2018
Computers and equipment	$	72,201		$	60,677
Purchased software		25,501			21,389
Office equipment, furniture and fixtures		11,710			14,980
Leasehold improvements		51,183			50,070
Total property and equipment		160,595			147,116
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(87,538	)		(68,597	)
Property and equipment, net	$	73,057		$	78,519

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue represents amounts for (i) deferred maintenance and support revenue and (ii) other deferred revenue including professional services and training when the revenue recognition criteria have not been met.

Guarantees and Product Warranties

The Company’s standard hardware warranty period is typically 12 months from the date of shipment to end-users and 90 days for software. For certain products, the Company offers a limited lifetime hardware warranty commencing on the date of shipment from the Company and ending five (5) years following the Company’s announcement of the end of sale of such product. Upon shipment of products to its customers, the Company estimates expenses for the cost to repair or replace products that may be returned under warranty and accrues a liability in cost of product revenue for this amount. The determination of the Company’s warranty requirements is based on actual historical experience with the product or product family, estimates of repair and replacement costs and any product warranty problems that are identified after shipment. The Company estimates and adjusts these accruals at each balance sheet date in accordance with changes in these factors.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s product warranty liability during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2018			March 31, 2019			March 31, 2018
Balance beginning of period	$	12,808		$	13,010		$	12,807		$	10,584
Warranties assumed due to acquisitions		—			—			—			3,682
New warranties issued		4,510			2,872			12,377			6,801
Warranty expenditures		(4,112	)		(3,070	)		(11,978	)		(8,255	)
Balance end of period	$	13,206		$	12,812		$	13,206		$	12,812

To facilitate sales of its products in the normal course of business, the Company indemnifies its resellers and end-user customers with respect to certain matters. The Company has agreed to hold the customer harmless against losses arising from a breach of intellectual property infringement or other. These agreements may limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim. It is not possible to estimate the maximum potential amount under these indemnification agreements due to the limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by the Company under these agreements have not had a material impact on its operating results or financial position.

Other Long-term Liabilities

Other long-term liabilities

The following is a summary of long-term liabilities (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		June 30, 2018
Acquisition related deferred payments, less current portion	$	10,526	$	13,251
Contingent consideration obligations, less current portion		3,025		4,898
Other contractual obligations, less current portion		28,093		31,200
Other		16,045		9,751
Total other long-term liabilities	$	57,689	$	59,100

Concentrations

The Company may be subject to concentration of credit risk as a result of certain financial instruments consisting of accounts receivable and marketable securities. The Company does not invest an amount exceeding 10% of its combined cash or cash equivalents in the securities of any one obligor or maker, except for obligations of the United States government, obligations of United States government agencies and money market accounts.

Earnings Per Share

Dilutive earnings per share is calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares used in the basic earnings per share calculation plus the dilutive effect of shares subject to repurchase, options and unvested restricted stock units.