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Investment Securities
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investment Securities Investment Securities 
 
The following tables present the amortized costs, unrealized gains, unrealized losses and approximate fair values of debt securities at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: 
 (in thousands)
June 30, 2019
 
Amortized Cost
 
Unrealized Gains
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
AVAILABLE FOR SALE:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and agencies
$
335,541

 
$
1,701

 
$
(141
)
 
$
337,101

Obligations of states and political subdivisions
262,859

 
8,262

 
(169
)
 
270,952

Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations
2,087,562

 
15,862

 
(13,079
)
 
2,090,345

 
$
2,685,962

 
$
25,825

 
$
(13,389
)
 
$
2,698,398

HELD TO MATURITY:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations
$
3,416

 
$
1,046

 
$
—

 
$
4,462

 
$
3,416

 
$
1,046

 
$
—

 
$
4,462


 (in thousands)
December 31, 2018
 
Amortized Cost
 
Unrealized Gains
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
AVAILABLE FOR SALE:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agencies
$
40,002

 
$
—

 
$
(346
)
 
$
39,656

Obligations of states and political subdivisions
308,972

 
2,785

 
(2,586
)
 
309,171

Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations
2,696,913

 
3,590

 
(72,222
)
 
2,628,281

 
$
3,045,887

 
$
6,375

 
$
(75,154
)
 
$
2,977,108

HELD TO MATURITY:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations
$
3,606

 
$
1,038

 
$
—

 
$
4,644

 
$
3,606

 
$
1,038

 
$
—

 
$
4,644



Debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are presented in the following tables, based on the length of time individual securities have been in an unrealized loss position.
 (in thousands)
June 30, 2019
 
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or Longer
 
Total
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized Losses
AVAILABLE FOR SALE:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agencies
$
9,091

 
$
62

 
$
19,919

 
$
79

 
$
29,010

 
$
141

Obligations of states and political subdivisions
865

 
1

 
17,516

 
168

 
18,381

 
169

Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations
37,742

 
211

 
1,084,016

 
12,868

 
1,121,758

 
13,079

Total temporarily impaired securities
$
47,698

 
$
274

 
$
1,121,451

 
$
13,115

 
$
1,169,149

 
$
13,389


 (in thousands)
December 31, 2018
 
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or Longer
 
Total
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized Losses
AVAILABLE FOR SALE:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and agencies
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
39,656

 
$
346

 
$
39,656

 
$
346

Obligations of states and political subdivisions
59,963

 
800

 
38,691

 
1,786

 
98,654

 
2,586

Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations
332,103

 
5,432

 
1,992,546

 
66,790

 
2,324,649

 
72,222

Total temporarily impaired securities
$
392,066

 
$
6,232

 
$
2,070,893

 
$
68,922

 
$
2,462,959

 
$
75,154


 
The unrealized losses on U.S. treasury and agencies securities are due to increases in market interest rates and not due to the underlying credit of the issuers. The unrealized losses on obligations of states and political subdivisions were caused by changes in market interest rates or the widening of market spreads subsequent to the initial purchase of these securities. Management monitors the published credit ratings of these securities for material rating or outlook changes. Substantially all of the Company's obligations of states and political subdivisions are general obligation issuances. All of the available for sale residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations portfolio in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2019 are issued or guaranteed by government sponsored enterprises. The unrealized losses on residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations were caused by changes in market interest rates or the widening of market spreads subsequent to the initial purchase of these securities, and not concerns regarding the underlying credit of the issuers or the underlying collateral. It is expected that these securities will be settled at a price at least equal to the amortized cost of each investment.

Because the unrealized loss is attributable to changes in interest rates or widening market spreads and not credit quality, and because the Bank does not intend to sell the securities and it is not more likely than not that the Bank will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may include holding each security until maturity, these investments are not considered other-than-temporarily impaired. 

In June 2019, the Company completed a strategic restructuring of a portion of the available for sale debt securities portfolio. This restructuring resulted in the sale of certain securities at a gross loss of $7.3 million. This was a tactical effort to reduce interest rate sensitivity for a potentially decreasing interest rate environment, increase operational efficiency, and improve the cash liquidity position of the Company.

The following table presents the contractual maturities of debt securities at June 30, 2019:  
 (in thousands)
Available For Sale
 
Held To Maturity
 
Amortized Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Amortized Cost
 
Fair Value
Due within one year
$
4,845

 
$
4,884

 
$
—

 
$
—

Due after one year through five years
72,849

 
73,246

 
—

 
—

Due after five years through ten years
646,027

 
649,917

 
18

 
18

Due after ten years
1,962,241

 
1,970,351

 
3,398

 
4,444

 
$
2,685,962

 
$
2,698,398

 
$
3,416

 
$
4,462



The following table presents the gross realized gains and losses on the sale of debt securities available for sale for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
 (in thousands)
Three Months Ended
 
June 30, 2019
 
June 30, 2018
 
Gain
 
Loss
 
Gain
 
Loss
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
$
16

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations
143

 
(7,345
)
 
14

 
—

 
$
159

 
$
(7,345
)
 
$
14

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended
 
June 30, 2019
 
June 30, 2018
 
Gain
 
Loss
 
Gain
 
Loss
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
$
16

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations
143

 
(7,345
)
 
14

 
—

 
$
159

 
$
(7,345
)
 
$
14

 
$
—



The following table presents the gains and losses on equity securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:

 (in thousands)
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
June 30, 2019
 
June 30, 2018
 
June 30, 2019
 
June 30, 2018
Unrealized gain (loss) recognized on equity securities held at the end of the period
$
754

 
$
(1,432
)
 
$
1,449

 
$
(1,432
)
Net gain recognized on equity securities sold during the period
81,853

 
—

 
81,853

 
—

Total gain (loss) recognized on equity securities
$
82,607

 
$
(1,432
)
 
$
83,302

 
$
(1,432
)


In June 2019, the Company completed the sale of all shares owned of Class B common stock of Visa Inc. resulting in a one-time gain of $81.9 million.

The following table presents, as of June 30, 2019, investment securities which were pledged to secure borrowings, public deposits, and repurchase agreements as permitted or required by law: 
 (in thousands)
Amortized Cost
 
Fair Value
To state and local governments to secure public deposits
$
1,047,739

 
$
1,053,644

Other securities pledged principally to secure repurchase agreements
429,303

 
431,883

Total pledged securities
$
1,477,042

 
$
1,485,527