Note B – Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Guidance

Adopted

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations. This standard clarifies the definition of a business and provides guidance on when transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions of assets and when they should be accounted for as acquisitions of businesses. The Company early adopted this standard on July 1, 2017 and applied this guidance to the customer list that was acquired on August 1, 2017. The customer list acquired was not determined to meet the definition of a business under this standard and was therefore determined to be an asset acquisition.

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The standard update required excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recorded directly through earnings as a component of income tax expense. Under previous GAAP, these differences were generally recorded in additional paid-in capital and thus had no impact on net income. The change impacted the computation of diluted earnings per share, and the cash flows associated with those items are now classified as operating activities on the condensed statements of consolidated cash flows. Entities were permitted to make an accounting policy election for the impact of forfeitures on the recognition of expense for share-based payment awards. Forfeitures could be estimated, as required under previous GAAP, or recognized when they occur.

The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2017 using the transition method prescribed for each applicable provision:

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Based on the implementation guidance, previously unrecognized excess tax benefits should be on a modified retrospective basis beginning in the period the guidance is adopted. Accordingly, the Company recorded an increase in deferred tax assets and an offsetting cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings of $6.6 million as of January 1, 2017 for excess tax benefits not previously recognized.

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Based on the implementation guidance, all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies related to share based compensation will be reported in net income (loss) on a prospective basis. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, no income (loss) was reported.

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The Company has elected to retrospectively adopt the requirement to present cash flows related to excess tax benefits as cash flows from operating activities. This adoption had no effect on cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

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The Company has elected to recognize forfeitures in compensation cost as they occur.

Issued

In August 2017 the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging. This standard refines hedge accounting to better align an entity’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-12 to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation. This standard provides guidance related to the scope of stock option modification accounting, to reduce diversity in practice and reduce cost and complexity regarding existing guidance. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-09 to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017 the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This standard eliminates Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity should perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued “ASU” 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows – Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This standard clarifies how specific cash receipts and cash payments are classified and presented in the statement of cash flows. This update is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-15 to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases. The update requires organizations to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP. ASU 2016-02 requires that a lessee should recognize a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term on the balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those periods. The adoption of this ASU will result in an increase on the balance sheet for lease liabilities and right-of-use assets. The Company is currently evaluating the quantitative impact that adopting ASU 2016-02 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenues from Contracts with Customers. This standard update calls for a number of revisions in the revenue recognition rules. In August 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date of this ASU to the first quarter of 2018, with optional early adoption beginning in the first quarter of 2017. The ASU can be applied using a full retrospective method or a modified retrospective method of adoption. The Company expects to adopt this ASU in the first quarter of 2018 using a full retrospective method of adoption. We anticipate the adoption of this standard to impact our Pharma Services revenue, specifically the timing of revenue recognition for our long term research and clinical trials contracts. Many of these contracts have distinct terms which need to be evaluated separately, therefore, we are still in the process of contract review in order to determine the quantitative impact this standard will have on our Pharma Services revenue. We also expect this standard to impact our Clinical testing revenue. Under the new standard, substantially all of our bad debt expense which has historically been presented as part of selling, general and administrative expenses will be considered an implicit price concession and will be reported as a reduction in revenue. We also anticipate enhanced financial statement disclosures surrounding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The Company continues to assess the full impact the adoption of this standard will have on our financial statements.