Acquisitions

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Trapelo Health

On April 7, 2021 (the “Trapelo Acquisition Date”), the Company completed the acquisition of a 100% ownership interest in Intervention Insights, Inc. d/b/a Trapelo Health (“Trapelo”), an information technology company focused on precision oncology. The purchase price consisted of (i) cash consideration of $35.6 million, which included a net adjustment of $0.6 million for estimated cash on hand of Trapelo and estimated working capital adjustments on the Trapelo Acquisition Date, and (ii) equity consideration of $29.2 million, consisting of 597,712 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, valued at $48.81 per share. The Company acquired control of Trapelo on the Trapelo Acquisition Date; therefore, the fair value of the common stock issued as part of consideration was determined on the basis of the closing market price of the Company’s common stock immediately prior to the Trapelo Acquisition Date. The Trapelo acquisition enhances the Company’s ability to provide customers clinical decision support to help answer complex questions related to precision oncology biomarker testing and treatment options as part of the Company’s comprehensive oncology offerings.

The acquisition of Trapelo was determined to be a business combination and has been accounted for using the acquisition method. The purchase price and purchase price allocation were based upon management’s best estimates and assumptions and were considered final as of March 31, 2022. The following table summarizes the purchase consideration recorded for the acquisition of Trapelo, the fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and the calculation of goodwill based on the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the Trapelo Acquisition Date (in thousands, except per share data):


	Amount
Purchase consideration:
Shares of common stock issued as consideration	597,712
Per share value of common stock issued as consideration	$	48.81
Fair value of common stock at Trapelo Acquisition Date	$	29,174
Plus: Cash paid at closing	35,591
Total purchase consideration	$	64,765

Allocation of the purchase consideration:
Cash	$	713
Other current assets	282
Identifiable intangible asset - marketing assets	549
Identifiable intangible asset - developed technology	19,040
Other long-term assets	268
Total identifiable assets acquired	20,852
Current liabilities	(751)
Net identifiable assets acquired	20,101
Goodwill	44,664
Total purchase consideration	$	64,765

The identified developed technology and marketing intangible assets are being amortized over ten years and four years, respectively, based on their estimated useful lives. The weighted-average amortization period in total for all classes of intangible assets from the Trapelo acquisition is 9.8 years. The developed technology was valued using the income approach, specifically, the multi-period excess earnings method, which measures the after-tax cash flows attributable to the developed technology. The marketing intangible assets were valued using the income approach, specifically, the relief from royalty method, which measures the cash flow streams attributable to the marketing intangible assets in the form of the avoided royalty payment that would be paid to the owner in return for the rights to use the marketing intangible assets had the intangible assets not been acquired. The values of the identifiable intangible assets represent Level 3 measurements as they were based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s assumptions used in pricing the assets at fair value. These inputs required significant judgments and estimates at the time of the valuation.

The goodwill recognized, all of which was assigned to the Clinical Services segment, was primarily attributable to expected synergies of the combined businesses and the acquisition of an assembled workforce knowledgeable of the healthcare and information technology industries. None of the goodwill resulting from the acquisition of Trapelo is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

The results of operations of Trapelo are included in the Company’s unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on the Trapelo Acquisition Date. No pro forma information has been included relating to the Trapelo acquisition, as this acquisition was not deemed to be material to the Company’s revenue or net loss on a pro forma basis.

Inivata Limited

On June 18, 2021 (the “Inivata Acquisition Date”), the Company completed the acquisition of the remaining equity interests in Inivata Limited, a private limited company incorporated in England and Wales (“Inivata”). Inivata is a global, commercial stage, liquid biopsy platform company. The acquisition follows a $25.0 million minority equity investment by the Company in Series C1 Preference Shares (the “Preference Shares” or “previously-held equity interest”) in Inivata in May 2020, at which time the Company also acquired a fixed price option to purchase the remainder of equity interests in Inivata for $390.0 million (the “Purchase Option”). The Company and Inivata also entered into a line of credit agreement in the amount of $15.0 million (the “Line of Credit”) in May 2020. In the first quarter of 2021, prior to the Inivata Acquisition Date, an observable transaction of an identical investment in Inivata Preference Shares occurred which resulted in a remeasurement of the Preference Shares to the value of this observable transaction. The Company recorded a net unrealized loss of $5.0 million on investment in non-consolidated affiliate for this remeasurement for the three months ended March 31, 2021 in other expense (income), net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Inivata acquisition adds liquid biopsy platform technology, including minimal residual disease testing capabilities, to the Company’s comprehensive portfolio of oncology testing solutions. The purchase price consisted of cash consideration of

$398.6 million, which included a net adjustment of $8.6 million for estimated cash on hand of Inivata and other adjustments on the Inivata Acquisition Date, and was funded through cash on hand and a private placement of equity.

Prior to the acquisition of the remaining equity interests in Inivata, the Company accounted for its previously-held equity interest and the Purchase Option in Inivata as equity securities without a readily determinable fair value. The equity interests were recorded at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. Therefore, the Company’s acquisition of control of Inivata on the Inivata Acquisition Date was accounted for as a business combination achieved in stages under the acquisition method. Accordingly, the Company used a discounted cash flow to derive a business enterprise value of Inivata in order to determine the acquisition-date fair value of the Company’s previously-held equity interest and Purchase Option in Inivata. To determine the fair value of the previously-held equity interest, the fair value of Inivata’s total equity was allocated to its various classes of equity based on the respective rights and privileges of each class of stock in liquidation. The business enterprise value and a Black-Scholes model were then used to determine the fair value of the remaining equity acquired through the exercise of the Purchase Option. The Purchase Option was recorded at the fair value at the Inivata Acquisition Date based on its settlement value. This resulted in fair values of $64.9 million in Preference Shares and a $74.3 million Purchase Option, immediately prior to the acquisition. On the Inivata Acquisition Date, the $10.3 million outstanding under the Line of Credit extended by the Company to Inivata was effectively settled as part of the acquisition of Inivata at the $15.0 million principal amount and was recorded as part of the consideration transferred in the acquisition. The Company recorded a gain on investment in and loan receivable from non-consolidated affiliate, net, within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations of $109.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 for the excess of the acquisition-date fair value of the Company’s previously-held equity interest, Purchase Option, and Line of Credit over their carrying values.

The purchase price and purchase price allocation were based upon management’s best estimates and assumptions and were considered final as of June 30, 2022. The following table summarizes the calculation of goodwill based on the excess of the estimated fair value of the consideration transferred including the fair value of the Line of Credit, and the estimated fair value of the previously-held equity interest and Purchase Option, over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the Inivata Acquisition Date and includes measurement period adjustments recorded during 2021 (in thousands):


	June 18, 2021 (as initially reported)		Measurement Period Adjustments		June 18, 2021 (as adjusted)
Fair value of business combination:
Cash paid at closing	$	398,594	$	—	$	398,594
Fair value of Line of Credit	15,000		—		15,000
Fair value of consideration transferred	$	413,594	$	—	$	413,594
Fair value of previously-held equity interest(1)	62,919		1,987		64,906
Fair value of Purchase Option(1)	58,537		15,763		74,300
Total fair value of business combination	$	535,050	$	17,750	$	552,800

Allocation of the fair value business combination:
Cash	$	14,068	$	—	$	14,068
Other current assets(2)	5,366		345		5,711
Property and equipment	1,753		—		1,753
Identifiable intangible assets - developed technology(1)	302,982		(11,796)		291,186
Identifiable intangible assets - trademarks(1)	31,700		(226)		31,474
Identifiable intangible asset - trade name(1)	2,322		253		2,575
Other long-term assets	6,240		—		6,240
Total identifiable assets acquired	364,431		(11,424)		353,007
Current liabilities	(4,241)		(1,650)		(5,891)
Deferred income tax liabilities(3)	(64,680)		3,686		(60,994)
Other long-term liabilities	(4,690)		—		(4,690)
Net identifiable assets acquired	290,820		(9,388)		281,432
Goodwill	244,230		27,138		271,368
Total fair value of business combination	$	535,050	$	17,750	$	552,800

(1) Measurement period adjustment primarily relates to a change in estimated taxes based on jurisdictions in which forecasted profits are expected to be generated.

(2) Measurement period adjustment relates to the recognition of a credit which Inivata is entitled to claim for certain research and development expenditures

(3) Measurement period adjustment relates to a change in estimated deferred income tax liabilities as a result of the reduction in the amounts for intangibles assets and related future amortization.

The identified developed technology intangible assets and the trademark intangible assets are both being amortized over fifteen years, and the trade name intangible asset is being amortized over five years, based on their estimated useful lives. The weighted-average amortization period in total for all classes of intangible assets from the Inivata acquisition is 14.9 years. The developed technology was valued using the income approach, specifically, the multi-period excess earnings method, which measures the after-tax cash flows attributable to the developed technology. The trademarks and trade name assets were valued using the income approach, specifically, the relief from royalty method, which measures the cash flow streams attributable to the trademarks and trade name assets in the form of the avoided royalty payment that would be paid to the owner in return for the rights to use the trademarks and trade name assets had the assets not been acquired. The values of the identifiable intangible assets represent Level 3 measurements as they were based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s assumptions used in pricing the assets at fair value. These inputs required significant judgments and estimates at the time of the valuation.

The goodwill recognized, of which $238.4 million and $33.0 million was assigned to the Clinical Services and Pharma Services segments, respectively, was primarily attributable to expected synergies of the combined businesses and the acquisition of an assembled workforce knowledgeable of liquid biopsy technology for oncology testing. The recording of amortizable intangibles has given rise to a deferred tax liability upon the acquisition of Inivata which increased goodwill by $61.0 million. None of the goodwill resulting from the acquisition of Inivata is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

The following unaudited pro forma information and has been provided for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of results that would have occurred had the acquisition of Inivata occurred on January 1, 2020, nor are they necessarily indicative of future results (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2021		Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	(unaudited)		(unaudited)
Net revenue	$	121,707	$	237,159
Net loss	$	(23,222)	$	(51,313)

These unaudited pro forma results represent the combined results of operations of the Company and Inivata, on an unaudited pro forma basis, for the period in which the acquisition of Inivata occurred and the prior reporting period as though the companies had been combined as of the beginning of the earliest period presented. Therefore, the unaudited pro forma consolidated results have been prepared by adjusting the Company’s historical results to include the acquisition of Inivata as if it occurred on January 1, 2020. These unaudited pro forma consolidated historical results exclude, for the periods presented, the gain on investment in and loan receivable from non-consolidated affiliate, net, of $96.5 million and $91.5 million recorded in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.