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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

11. Income Taxes

The Company determines its estimated annual effective tax rate at the end of each interim period based on full-year forecasted income from continuing operations before income taxes and facts known at that time. The estimated annual effective tax rate is applied to the year-to-date income from continuing operations before income taxes at the end of each interim period. The tax effect of significant unusual items is reflected in the period in which they occur. Since the Company is incorporated in Canada, it is required to use Canada’s statutory tax rate of 28.5% in the determination of the estimated annual effective tax rate. Effective April 1, 2016, the Canadian statutory tax rate increased from 27.0% to 29.0%, yielding a blended statutory rate of 28.5% for the full year.

The Company’s effective tax rate on income from continuing operations of 31.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 differs from the Canadian statutory rate of 28.5% primarily due to the mix of income earned in jurisdictions with varying tax rates and losses in jurisdictions with a full valuation allowance.

The Company’s effective tax rate on income from continuing operations of 30.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 differs from the Canadian statutory rate of 28.5% primarily due to the mix of income earned in jurisdictions with varying tax rates, losses in jurisdictions with a full valuation allowance, the Laser Quantum dividend distribution and the impact of other discrete items for the period. The Company received a tax free cash dividend of $2.3 million from Laser Quantum in March 2016, which had a 1.9% favorable impact on our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

The Company’s effective tax rates on income from continuing operations of 27.2% and 26.3%, respectively, for the three and nine month periods ended October 2, 2015 differ from the Canadian statutory rate of 27.0% due to the gain from JK Lasers divestiture, the audit settlement with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), mix of income earned in jurisdictions with varying tax rates, losses in jurisdictions with a full valuation allowance, and the impact of discrete items for the periods.

The Company maintains a valuation allowance on some of its deferred tax assets in certain jurisdictions. A valuation allowance is required when, based upon an assessment of various factors, including recent operating loss history, anticipated future earnings, and prudent and reasonable tax planning strategies, it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.