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Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, financial instruments were measured at fair value using a three-level hierarchy which maximizes use of observable inputs and minimizes use of unobservable inputs:

●	Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments

●	Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments that are directly or indirectly observable in the market

●	Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity. Financial instruments whose values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, for which determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation.

In connection with the April 19, 2016 common stock offering, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 187,500 shares of common stock. These warrants were exercisable at $6.90 per share and expire on April 19, 2018. These warrants were analyzed and it was determined that they require liability treatment. Under ASC 815, registered common stock warrants that require the issuance of registered shares upon exercise and do not expressly preclude an implied right to cash settlement are accounted for as derivative liabilities. The Company classifies these derivative warrant liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as a current liability.

The fair value of these warrants at January 18, 2017 and October 31, 2016 was determined to be approximately $78,000 and $70,000, respectively, as calculated using Black-Scholes with the following assumptions: (1) stock price of $3.62 and $3.58, respectively; (2) a risk-free rate of 0.97% and 0.75%, respectively; and (3) an expected volatility of 68% and 61%, respectively.

Financial instruments measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. At July 31, 2017, there was no warrant liability balance.

The following table sets forth the changes in the estimated fair value for our Level 3 classified derivative warrant liability (in thousands):

		Warrant Liability
Fair value - October 31, 2016		$	70
Change in fair value			8
Exchanged - January 18, 2017 (see Note 7)			(78	)
Fair value - July 31, 2017		$	-

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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