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Related Person Transactions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Person Transactions Related Person Transactions
We have relationships and historical and continuing transactions with RMR LLC, RMR Inc., Five Star and others related to them, including other companies to which RMR LLC or its subsidiaries provide management services and some of which have trustees, directors or officers who are also our Trustees or officers. RMR Inc. is the managing member of RMR LLC. The Chair of our Board and one of our Managing Trustees, Adam D. Portnoy, is the sole trustee, an officer and the controlling shareholder of ABP Trust, which is the controlling shareholder of RMR Inc., a managing director and the president and chief executive officer of RMR Inc., an officer and employee of RMR LLC and the chair of the board of directors and a managing director of Five Star. Jennifer B. Clark, our other Managing Trustee and our Secretary, also serves as a managing director and the executive vice president, general counsel and secretary of RMR Inc., an officer and employee of RMR LLC, an officer of ABP Trust and a managing director and the secretary of Five Star. Jennifer F. Francis, our President and Chief Operating Officer is an executive vice president of RMR Inc. and she and our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer are also employees and officers of RMR LLC. Certain of Five Star's officers are officers and employees of RMR LLC. Some of our Independent Trustees also serve as independent trustees or independent directors of other public companies to which RMR LLC or its subsidiaries provide management services. Adam Portnoy serves as the chair of the boards of trustees or boards of directors of several of these public companies and as a managing director or managing trustee of these companies. Other officers of RMR LLC, including Ms. Clark and certain of our officers, serve as managing trustees, managing directors or officers of certain of these companies.
Five Star. We are currently Five Star's largest stockholder. As of December 31, 2020, we owned 10,691,658 Five Star common shares, or approximately 33.7% of Five Star's outstanding common shares. As of December 31, 2019, Five Star was our largest tenant and the manager of our managed senior living communities. Pursuant to the Restructuring Transaction, as of January 1, 2020, all of our senior living communities that Five Star operates are managed pursuant to the Five Star management agreements. Five Star manages for us most of the senior living communities we own. RMR LLC provides management services to both us and Five Star. Five Star participates in our property insurance program for the senior living communities Five Star owns and leases. The premiums Five Star pays for this coverage are allocated pursuant to a formula based on the profiles of the properties included in the program. Five Star's program cost for the policy year ending June 30, 2021 is $500. See Note 6 for further information regarding our relationships, agreements and transactions with Five Star and Note 10 for further information regarding our investment in Five Star.
As of December 31, 2020, ABP Acquisition LLC, a subsidiary of ABP Trust, the controlling shareholder of RMR Inc., together with ABP Trust, owned approximately 6.3% of Five Star's outstanding common shares.
In order to effect our distribution of Five Star common shares to our shareholders in 2001 and to govern our relations with Five Star thereafter, Five Star entered agreements with us and others, including RMR LLC. Since then, we have entered various leases, management agreements and other agreements with Five Star that include provisions that confirm and modify these undertakings. Among other things, these agreements provide that:
•so long as we remain a REIT, Five Star may not waive the share ownership restrictions in its charter that prohibit any person or group from acquiring more than 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the outstanding shares of any class of Five Star stock without our consent;
•so long as Five Star is our tenant or manager, Five Star will not permit nor take any action that, in our reasonable judgment, might jeopardize our qualification for taxation as a REIT;
•we have the right to terminate our management agreements with Five Star upon the acquisition by a person or group of more than 9.8% of Five Star's voting stock or other change in control events, as defined therein affecting Five Star, including the adoption of any shareholder proposal (other than a precatory proposal) or the election to Five Star's board of directors of any individual, if such proposal or individual was not approved, nominated or appointed, as the case may be, by a majority of Five Star's directors in office immediately prior to the making of such proposal or the nomination or appointment of such individual; and
•so long as Five Star is our tenant or manager or has a business management agreement with RMR LLC, Five Star will not acquire or finance any real estate of a type then owned or financed by us or any other company managed by RMR LLC without first giving us or such company managed by RMR LLC, as applicable, the opportunity to acquire or finance that real estate.
See Note 6 for further information regarding our relationships, agreements and transactions with Five Star.
Our Manager, RMR LLC. We have two agreements with RMR LLC to provide management services to us: (1) a business management agreement, which relates to our business generally, and (2) a property management agreement, which relates to the property level operations of our medical office and life science properties. See Note 7 for further information regarding our management agreements with RMR LLC.
Leases with RMR LLC. We lease office space to RMR LLC in certain of our properties for RMR LLC's property management offices. We recognized rental income from RMR LLC for leased office space of $163, $256 and $228 for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Our office space leases with RMR LLC are terminable on 30 days' notice, subject to certain conditions.
Share Awards to RMR LLC Employees. As described in Note 5, we award shares to our officers and other employees of RMR LLC annually. Generally, one fifth of these awards vest on the award date and one fifth vests on each of the next four anniversaries of the award dates. In certain instances, we may accelerate the vesting of an award, such as in connection with the award holder's retirement as an officer of us or an officer or employee of RMR LLC. These awards to RMR LLC employees are in addition to the share awards to our Managing Trustees, as Trustee compensation, and the fees we paid to RMR LLC. See Note 5 for information regarding our share awards and activity as well as certain share purchases we made in connection with share award recipients satisfying tax withholding obligation on vesting share awards.
RMR Inc. On July 1, 2019, we sold all of the 2,637,408 shares of class A common stock of RMR Inc. that we owned in an underwritten public offering at a price to the public of $40.00 per share pursuant to the underwriting agreement among us, RMR Inc., certain other REITs managed by RMR LLC that also sold their class A common stock of RMR Inc. in the offering, and the underwriters named therein. We received net proceeds of $98,557 from this sale, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses.
AIC. Until its dissolution on February 13, 2020, we, ABP Trust, Five Star and four other companies to which RMR LLC provides management services owned AIC in equal portions. We and the other AIC shareholders historically participated in a combined property insurance program arranged and insured or reinsured in part by AIC until June 30, 2019.
We also had a one year standalone insurance policy that provided coverage for one of our life science properties located in Boston, Massachusetts that is owned in our joint venture arrangement, which we obtained as a part of this insurance program. We (including our consolidated joint venture) paid aggregate annual premiums, including taxes and fees, of $4,413 and $2,433 in connection with this insurance program for the policy years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
In connection with AIC's dissolution, we and each other AIC shareholder received an initial liquidating distribution of $9,000 from AIC in December 2019 and an additional liquidating distribution of approximately $287 in June 2020.
As of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, our investment in AIC had a carrying value of $11, $298 and $8,632, respectively. These amounts are included in other assets in our consolidated balance sheets. We recognized income of $0, $400 and $516 related to our investment in AIC for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These amounts are presented as equity in earnings of an investee in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). Our other comprehensive income (loss) includes our proportionate part of unrealized gains (losses) on securities which were owned and held for sale by AIC of $91 and $(68) related to our investment in AIC for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.