Fair Value Measurements

LCNB measures certain assets at fair value using various valuation techniques and assumptions, depending on the nature of the asset. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The inputs to the valuation techniques used to measure fair value are assigned to one of three broad levels:


•	Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the reporting date.

•

Level 2 – inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets in active markets, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices (such as interest rates or yield curves) that are observable for the asset or liability, and inputs that are derived from or corroborated by observable market data.


•	Level 3 - inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability.

The majority of LCNB's financial debt securities are classified as available-for-sale. The securities are reported at fair value with unrealized holding gains and losses reported net of income taxes in accumulated other comprehensive income.

LCNB utilizes a pricing service for determining the fair values of most of its investment securities. Fair value for U.S. Treasury notes are determined based on market quotations (level 1). Fair value for most of the other investment securities is calculated using the discounted cash flow method for each security. The discount rates for these cash flows are estimated by the pricing service using rates observed in the market (level 2). Cash flow streams are dependent on estimated prepayment speeds and the overall structure of the securities given existing market conditions. In addition, LCNB has invested in trust preferred securities, equity securities, and four mutual funds that are not priced by the pricing service. Market quotations (level 1) are used to determine fair values for the trust preferred securities, equity securities, and a publicly traded mutual fund. Investments in two mutual funds that are measured at fair value using net asset values ("NAV") per share as a practical expedient are not required to be classified in the fair value hierarchy. These funds can be redeemed at any time at their current NAVs. An investment in a mutual fund that is not traded in an active market is considered to have level 2 inputs because an investor can have its interest in the fund redeemed for the balance of its capital account at any quarter-end assuming the fund is given a 60 day notice. The investment in this fund is carried at fair value, which approximates cost.

Assets that may be recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include impaired loans, other real estate owned, and other repossessed assets. A loan is considered impaired when management believes it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans are carried at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan's existing rate or the fair value of collateral if the loan is collateral dependent, if this value is less than the loan balance. The inputs are considered to be level 3.

Other real estate owned is adjusted to fair value upon transfer of the loan to foreclosed assets, usually based on an appraisal of the property. Subsequently, foreclosed assets are carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value. These inputs are also considered to be level 3.

The following table summarizes the valuation of LCNB's assets recorded at fair value by input levels as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (in thousands):



				Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using
		Fair Value Measurements		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)	Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)	Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
March 31, 2016
Recurring fair value measurements:
	Investment securities available-for-sale:
	U.S. Treasury notes	$	53,592	53,592	—	—
	U.S. Agency notes	128,302		—	128,302	—
	U.S. Agency mortgage-backed securities	33,768		—	33,768	—
	Certificates of deposit with other banks	249		—	249	—
	Municipal securities:
	Non-taxable	104,642		—	104,642	—
	Taxable	27,305		—	27,305	—
	Mutual funds	1,016		16	1,000	—
	Mutual funds measured at net asset value (a)	1,476
	Trust preferred securities	49		49	—	—
	Equity securities	702		702	—	—
	Total recurring fair value measurements	$	351,101	54,359	295,266	—

Nonrecurring fair value measurements:
	Impaired loans	$	3,527	—	—	3,527
	Other real estate owned and repossessed assets	846		—	—	846
	Total nonrecurring fair value measurements	$	4,373	—	—	4,373

December 31, 2015
Recurring fair value measurements:
	Investment securities available-for-sale:
	U.S. Treasury notes	$	72,846	72,846	—	—
	U.S. Agency notes	139,889		—	139,889	—
	U.S. Agency mortgage-backed securities	29,378		—	29,378	—
	Certificates of deposit with other banks	249		—	249	—
	Municipal securities:
	Non-taxable	105,479		—	105,479	—
	Taxable	26,941		—	26,941	—
	Mutual funds	1,018		18	1,000	—
	Mutual funds measured at net asset value (a)	1,448
	Trust preferred securities	50		50	—	—
	Equity securities	680		680	—	—
	Total recurring fair value measurements	$	377,978	73,594	302,936	—

Nonrecurring fair value measurements:
	Impaired loans	$	4,722	—	—	4,722
	Other real estate owned and repossessed assets	846		—	—	846
	Total nonrecurring fair value measurements	$	5,568	—	—	5,568

(a)	In accordance with Subtopic 820-10, certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table presents quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in nonrecurring level 3 fair value measurements at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (dollars in thousands):

Range

Fair Value

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Inputs

High

Low

Weighted Average

March 31, 2016

Impaired loans

3,527

Estimated sales price

Adjustments for comparable properties, discounts to reflect current market conditions

Not applicable

Discounted cash flows

Discount rate

11.00

4.50

5.61

Other real estate owned

846

Estimated sales price

Adjustments for comparable properties, discounts to reflect current market conditions

Not applicable

December 31, 2015

Impaired loans

4,722

Estimated sales price

Adjustments for comparable properties, discounts to reflect current market conditions

Not applicable

Discounted cash flows

Discount rate

11.00

4.00

5.27

Other real estate owned

846

Estimated sales price

Adjustments for comparable properties, discounts to reflect current market conditions

Not applicable

Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are as follows (in thousands):



				Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)	Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)	Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
March 31, 2016
FINANCIAL ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	21,089	21,089	21,089	—	—
Investment securities, held-to-maturity	36,505		36,948	—	—	36,948
Federal Reserve Bank stock	2,732		2,732	2,732	—	—
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	3,638		3,638	3,638	—	—
Loans, net	775,564		770,069	—	—	770,069
Accrued interest receivable	4,279		4,279	256	1,879	2,144

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:
Deposits	1,120,208		1,120,932	902,813	218,119	—
Short-term borrowings	11,668		11,668	11,668	—	—
Long-term debt	789		817	—	817	—
Accrued interest payable	305		305	16	289	—

December 31, 2015
FINANCIAL ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	14,987	14,987	14,987	—	—
Investment securities, held-to-maturity	22,633		22,630	—	—	22,630
Federal Reserve Bank stock	2,732		2,732	2,732	—	—
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	3,638		3,638	3,638	—	—
Loans, net	767,809		761,388	—	—	761,388
Accrued interest receivable	3,380		3,380	208	1,280	1,892

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:
Deposits	1,087,160		1,087,914	869,940	217,974	—
Short-term borrowings	37,387		37,387	37,387	—	—
Long-term debt	5,947		6,290	—	6,290	—
Accrued interest payable	345		345	16	329	—

The fair values of off-balance-sheet financial instruments at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were not material.

Fair values of financial instruments are based on various assumptions, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Therefore, the fair values presented may not represent amounts that could be realized in actual transactions. In addition, because the required disclosures exclude certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments, any aggregation of the fair value amounts presented would not represent the underlying value of LCNB. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of certain financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents

The carrying amounts presented are deemed to approximate fair value.

Investment securities

Fair values for securities, excluding Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock, are based on quoted market prices, if available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities and/or discounted cash flow analysis or other methods. The carrying value of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock approximates fair value based on the respective redemptive provisions.

Loans

Fair value is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities, incorporating assumptions of current and projected prepayment speeds. These current rates approximate market rates.

Deposits

The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, and certain money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities, which approximates market rates.

Borrowings

The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased, repurchase agreements, and U.S. Treasury demand note borrowings are deemed to approximate fair value of short-term borrowings. For long-term debt, fair values are estimated based on the discounted value of expected net cash flows using current interest rates.

Accrued interest receivable and Accrued interest payable

Carrying amount approximates fair value and is aligned with the underlying assets or liabilities.