10-Q 1 form10q.htm GREENE COUNTY BANCORP INC 10-Q 3-31-2014

U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OF 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2014

OR

oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OF 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT

GREENE COUNTY BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Commission file number 0-25165
 
United States
 
14-1809721
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
 
 
 
302 Main Street, Catskill, New York
 
12414
(Address of principal executive office)
 
(Zip code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (518) 943-2600

Check whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES x      NO o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  YES x    NO o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a small reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer   o
Accelerated filer                           o
Non-accelerated filer     o
Smaller reporting company         x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  YES o NO x
 
As of May 14, 2014, the registrant had 4,213,757 shares of common stock outstanding at $ 0.10 par value per share.


GREENE COUNTY BANCORP, INC.

INDEX
 
PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Page
Item 1.
Financial Statements (unaudited)
3
4-5
6
7
8
 
9-27
 
Item 2.
28-39
 
Item 3.
40
 
Item 4.
40
 
PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
41
 
Item 1A.
41
 
Item 2.
41
 
Item 3.
41
 
Item 4.
41
 
Item 5.
41
 
Item 6.
41
 
  42
 
Exhibit 31.1 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
Exhibit 31.2 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
Exhibit 32.1 906 Statement of Chief Executive Officer
 
Exhibit 32.2 906 Statement of Chief Financial Officer
 
Exhibit 101 Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL)
 
2

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
As of March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

ASSETS
 
March 31, 2014
   
June 30, 2013
 
Total cash and cash equivalents
 
$
55,599
   
$
6,222
 
 
               
Long term certificate of deposit
   
250
     
250
 
Securities available for sale, at fair value
   
51,280
     
69,644
 
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost
   
177,089
     
176,519
 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost
   
1,383
     
1,388
 
 
               
Loans
   
399,007
     
365,839
 
Allowance for loan losses
   
(7,341
)
   
(7,040
)
Unearned origination fees and costs, net
   
814
     
627
 
Net loans receivable
   
392,480
     
359,426
 
 
               
Premises and equipment, net
   
14,246
     
14,349
 
Accrued interest receivable
   
2,967
     
2,663
 
Foreclosed real estate
   
716
     
296
 
Prepaid expenses and other assets
   
4,463
     
2,848
 
Total assets
 
$
700,473
   
$
633,605
 
 
               
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Noninterest bearing deposits
 
$
62,124
   
$
57,926
 
Interest bearing deposits
   
559,114
     
500,513
 
Total deposits
   
621,238
     
558,439
 
 
               
Borrowings from Federal Home Loan Bank, short-term
   
-
     
10,600
 
Borrowings from Federal Home Loan Bank, long-term
   
14,500
     
4,000
 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
   
4,939
     
4,458
 
Total liabilities
   
640,677
     
577,497
 
 
               
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
               
Preferred stock, Authorized - 1,000,000 shares; Issued - None
   
-
     
-
 
Common stock, par value $.10 per share; Authorized - 12,000,000 shares; Issued - 4,305,670 shares Outstanding 4,213,757 shares at March 31, 2014, and 4,192,654 shares at June 30, 2013
   
431
     
431
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
11,208
     
11,168
 
Retained earnings
   
50,086
     
46,112
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
   
(1,235
)
   
(750
)
Treasury stock, at cost 91,913 shares at March 31, 2014, and 113,016 shares at June 30, 2013
   
(694
)
   
(853
)
Total shareholders’ equity
   
59,796
     
56,108
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 
$
700,473
   
$
633,605
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements
3

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income
For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 
 
2014
   
2013
 
Interest income:
 
   
 
Loans
 
$
13,790
   
$
13,693
 
Investment securities - taxable
   
494
     
552
 
Mortgage-backed securities
   
1,905
     
2,696
 
Investment securities - tax exempt
   
1,525
     
1,254
 
Interest bearing deposits and federal funds sold
   
17
     
28
 
Total interest income
   
17,731
     
18,223
 
 
               
Interest expense:
               
Interest on deposits
   
1,647
     
1,974
 
Interest on borrowings
   
113
     
183
 
Total interest expense
   
1,760
     
2,157
 
 
               
Net interest income
   
15,971
     
16,066
 
Provision for loan losses
   
1,109
     
1,316
 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
   
14,862
     
14,750
 
 
               
Noninterest income:
               
Service charges on deposit accounts
   
1,916
     
1,969
 
Debit card fees
   
1,148
     
996
 
Investment services
   
302
     
224
 
E-commerce fees
   
72
     
75
 
Net gain on sale of available-for-sale securities
   
-
     
10
 
Other operating income
   
476
     
442
 
Total noninterest income
   
3,914
     
3,716
 
 
               
Noninterest expense:
               
Salaries and employee benefits
   
6,766
     
6,254
 
Occupancy expense
   
990
     
927
 
Equipment and furniture expense
   
343
     
411
 
Service and data processing fees
   
1,051
     
1,217
 
Computer software, supplies and support
   
307
     
269
 
Advertising and promotion
   
202
     
254
 
FDIC insurance premiums
   
280
     
248
 
Legal and professional fees
   
645
     
506
 
Other
   
1,254
     
1,279
 
Total noninterest expense
   
11,838
     
11,365
 
 
               
Income before provision for income taxes
   
6,938
     
7,101
 
Provision for income taxes
   
1,963
     
2,131
 
Net income
 
$
4,975
   
$
4,970
 
 
               
Basic earnings per share
 
$
1.18
   
$
1.19
 
Basic average shares outstanding
   
4,203,350
     
4,185,707
 
Diluted earnings per share
 
$
1.17
   
$
1.18
 
Diluted average shares outstanding
   
4,239,657
     
4,224,814
 
Dividends per share
 
$
0.525
   
$
0.525
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements
4

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 
 
2014
   
2013
 
Interest income:
 
   
 
Loans
 
$
4,666
   
$
4,525
 
Investment securities - taxable
   
161
     
181
 
Mortgage-backed securities
   
611
     
855
 
Investment securities - tax exempt
   
507
     
418
 
Interest bearing deposits and federal funds sold
   
9
     
6
 
Total interest income
   
5,954
     
5,985
 
 
               
Interest expense:
               
Interest on deposits
   
548
     
637
 
Interest on borrowings
   
52
     
44
 
Total interest expense
   
600
     
681
 
 
               
Net interest income
   
5,354
     
5,304
 
Provision for loan losses
   
288
     
331
 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
   
5,066
     
4,973
 
 
               
Noninterest income:
               
Service charges on deposit accounts
   
585
     
584
 
Debit card fees
   
373
     
325
 
Investment services
   
110
     
55
 
E-commerce fees
   
21
     
25
 
Net gain on sale of available-for-sale securities
   
-
     
-
 
Other operating income
   
159
     
152
 
Total noninterest income
   
1,248
     
1,141
 
 
               
Noninterest expense:
               
Salaries and employee benefits
   
2,509
     
2,181
 
Occupancy expense
   
371
     
334
 
Equipment and furniture expense
   
81
     
128
 
Service and data processing fees
   
397
     
408
 
Computer software, supplies and support
   
100
     
86
 
Advertising and promotion
   
66
     
81
 
FDIC insurance premiums
   
88
     
90
 
Legal and professional fees
   
190
     
165
 
Other
   
473
     
473
 
Total noninterest expense
   
4,275
     
3,946
 
 
               
Income before provision for income taxes
   
2,039
     
2,168
 
Provision for income taxes
   
543
     
631
 
Net income
 
$
1,496
   
$
1,537
 
 
               
Basic earnings per share
 
$
0.36
   
$
0.37
 
Basic average shares outstanding
   
4,211,531
     
4,187,671
 
Diluted earnings per share
 
$
0.35
   
$
0.36
 
Diluted average shares outstanding
   
4,243,398
     
4,227,166
 
Dividends per share
 
$
0.175
   
$
0.175
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements
5

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
 
 
 
2014
   
2013
 
Net income
 
$
4,975
   
$
4,970
 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
               
Unrealized holding losses on available for sale securities, net of income tax benefit of ($408) and ($92), respectively
   
(647
)
   
(147
)
 
               
Reclassification adjustment for gain on sale of available-for-sale securities realized in net income, net of income taxes of $-- and ($4), respectively
   
-
     
(6
)
 
               
Accretion of unrealized loss on securities transferred to held to maturity, net of income taxes of $102 and $11, respectively(1)
   
162
     
17
 
 
               
Pension actuarial gain, net of income taxes of $-- and $15(2)
   
-
     
23
 
 
               
Total other comprehensive loss, net of taxes
   
(485
)
   
(113
)
 
               
Comprehensive income
 
$
4,490
   
$
4,857
 

(1)
The accretion of the unrealized holding losses in accumulated other comprehensive income at the date of transfer partially offsets the amortization of the difference between the par value and fair value of the investment securities at the date of transfer, and is an adjustment of interest income.
(2)
These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost and are included in salaries and employee benefit expense within noninterest expense.

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
 
 
 
2014
   
2013
 
Net income
 
$
1,496
   
$
1,537
 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
               
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net of income taxes of $26 and ($55), respectively
   
41
     
(87
)
 
               
Accretion of unrealized loss on securities transferred to held to maturity, net of income taxes of $75 and $3, respectively(1)
   
119
     
5
 
 
               
Pension actuarial gain, net of income taxes of $-- and $5(2)
   
-
     
8
 
 
               
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes
   
160
     
(74
)
 
               
Comprehensive income
 
$
1,656
   
$
1,463
 

(1)
The accretion of the unrealized holding losses in accumulated other comprehensive income at the date of transfer partially offsets the amortization of the difference between the par value and fair value of the investment securities at the date of transfer, and is an adjustment of interest income.
(2)
These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost and are included in salaries and employee benefit expense within noninterest expense.
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
6

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

 
 
Common
Stock
   
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
   
Retained
Earnings
   
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
 Income
   
Treasury
Stock
   
Total
Shareholders'
Equity
 
Balance at June 30, 2012
 
$
431
   
$
11,119
   
$
41,869
   
$
173
   
$
(928
)
 
$
52,664
 
Options exercised
           
44
                     
68
     
112
 
Dividends declared
                   
(1,798
)
                   
(1,798
)
Net income
                   
4,970
                     
4,970
 
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes
                           
(113
)
           
(113
)
Balance at March 31, 2013
 
$
431
   
$
11,163
   
$
45,041
   
$
60
   
$
(860
)
 
$
55,835
 

 
 
Common Stock
   
Additional
 Paid-In
Capital
   
Retained
Earnings
   
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
   
Treasury
Stock
   
Total
Shareholders'
Equity
 
Balance at June 30, 2013
 
$
431
   
$
11,168
   
$
46,112
   
$
(750
)
 
$
(853
)
 
$
56,108
 
Options exercised
           
13
                     
159
     
172
 
Tax benefit of stock based compensation
           
27
                             
27
 
Dividends declared
                   
(1,001
)
                   
(1,001
)
Net income
                   
4,975
                     
4,975
 
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes
                           
(485
)
           
(485
)
Balance at March 31, 2014
 
$
431
   
$
11,208
   
$
50,086
   
$
(1,235
)
 
$
(694
)
 
$
59,796
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
7

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
 
 
2014
   
2013
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
   
 
Net income
 
$
4,975
   
$
4,970
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
               
Depreciation
   
486
     
561
 
Deferred income tax benefit
   
(985
)
   
(290
)
Net amortization of premiums and discounts
   
1,408
     
1,089
 
Net amortization of deferred loan costs and fees
   
267
     
199
 
Provision for loan losses
   
1,109
     
1,316
 
Net gain on sale of available-for-sale securities
   
-
     
(10
)
Loss on sale of foreclosed real estate
   
49
     
26
 
Excess tax benefit from share-based payment arrangements
   
(27
)
   
-
 
Net increase in accrued income taxes
   
(230
)
   
(1,198
)
Net increase in accrued interest receivable
   
(304
)
   
(187
)
Net (increase) decrease in prepaid and other assets
   
(319
)
   
271
 
Net increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities
   
733
     
(1,015
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
7,162
     
5,732
 
 
               
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Securities available for sale:
               
Proceeds from maturities
   
515
     
5,350
 
Proceeds from sale of securities
   
-
     
10
 
Purchases of securities
   
-
     
(9,286
)
Principal payments on securities
   
5,324
     
13,827
 
Securities held to maturity:
               
Proceeds from maturities
   
17,207
     
18,315
 
Purchases of securities
   
(13,497
)
   
(50,509
)
Principal payments on securities
   
6,046
     
15,862
 
Net redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
   
5
     
765
 
Purchase of long term certificate of deposit
   
-
     
(250
)
Net increase in loans receivable
   
(35,004
)
   
(25,334
)
Proceeds from sale of foreclosed real estate
   
105
     
274
 
Purchases of premises and equipment
   
(383
)
   
(165
)
Net cash used by investing activities
   
(19,682
)
   
(31,141
)
 
               
Cash flows from financing activities
               
Net decrease in short-term FHLB advances
   
(10,600
)
   
(14,000
)
Proceeds from long-term FHLB advances
   
10,500
     
-
 
Repayment of long-term FHLB advances
   
-
     
(3,000
)
Payment of cash dividends
   
(1,001
)
   
(1,798
)
Proceeds from issuance of stock options
   
172
     
112
 
Excess tax benefit from share-based payment arrangements
   
27
     
-
 
Net increase in deposits
   
62,799
     
74,781
 
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
61,897
     
56,095
 
 
               
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
   
49,377
     
30,686
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   
6,222
     
7,742
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
55,599
   
$
38,428
 
 
               
Non-cash investing activities:
               
Foreclosed loans transferred to foreclosed real estate
 
$
574
   
$
475
 
Available for sale securities transferred at fair value to held to maturity
   
11,735
     
-
 
Cash paid during period for:
               
Interest
   
1,749
     
2,188
 
Income taxes
   
3,178
     
3,619
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements
8

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of and for the Nine and Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013
 
(1)
Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated statement of financial condition as of June 30, 2013 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Greene County Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, The Bank of Greene County (the “Bank”) and the Bank’s wholly owned subsidiary, Greene County Commercial Bank and Greene Property Holdings, Ltd.  The consolidated financial statements at and for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 are unaudited.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X.  Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements.  To the extent that information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements are contained in or are consistent with the audited financial statements incorporated by reference to Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2013, such information and notes have not been duplicated herein.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring items) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations and cash flows at and for the periods presented have been included.   Amounts in the prior year’s consolidated financial statements have been reclassified whenever necessary to conform to the current year’s presentation.  These reclassifications, if any, had no effect on net income or retained earnings as previously reported.  All material inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation. The results of operations, and other data, for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year ending June 30, 2014.   These consolidated financial statements consider events that occurred through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s critical accounting policies relate to the allowance for loan losses and the evaluation of securities for other-than-temporary impairment.  The allowance for loan losses is based on management’s estimation of an amount that is intended to absorb losses in the existing loan portfolio.  The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses based on management’s evaluation of the risk inherent in the loan portfolio, the composition of the portfolio, specific impaired loans and current economic conditions.  Such evaluation, which includes a review of all loans for which full collectibility may not be reasonably assured, considers among other matters, the estimated net realizable value or the fair value of the underlying collateral, economic conditions, historical loan loss experience, management’s estimate of probable credit losses and other factors that warrant recognition in providing for the allowance of loan losses.  However, this evaluation involves a high degree of complexity and requires management to make subjective judgments that often require assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters.  This critical accounting policy and its application are periodically reviewed with the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors.

Securities are evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment by performing periodic reviews of individual securities in the investment portfolio.  Greene County Bancorp, Inc. makes an assessment to determine whether there have been any events or economic circumstances to indicate that a security on which there is an unrealized loss is impaired on an other-than-temporary basis.  The Company considers many factors, including the severity and duration of the impairment; the intent and ability of the Company to hold the security for a period of time sufficient for a recovery in value; recent events specific to the issuer or industry; and for debt securities, intent to sell the security, the likelihood to be required to sell the security before it recovers the entire amortized cost, external credit ratings and recent downgrades.  The Company is required to record other-than-temporary impairment charges through earnings, if it has the intent to sell, or will more likely than not be required to sell an impaired debt security before a recovery of its amortized cost basis.  In addition, the Company is required to record other-than-temporary impairment charges through earnings for the amount of credit losses, regardless of the intent or requirement to sell.  Credit loss is measured as the difference between the present value of an impaired debt security’s cash flows and its amortized cost basis. Noncredit-related OTTI is measured as the difference between the fair value of the security and its amortized cost less any credit-related losses recognized.   Non-credit related impairment must be recorded as decreases to accumulated other comprehensive income as long as the Company has no intent or requirement to sell an impaired security before a recovery of amortized cost basis.

(2)
Nature of Operations

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s primary business is the ownership and operation of its two banking subsidiaries.  The Bank of Greene County has twelve full-service offices and an operations center located in its market area within the Hudson Valley Region of New York State.    The Bank of Greene County is primarily engaged in the business of attracting deposits from the general public in The Bank of Greene County’s market area, and investing such deposits, together with other sources of funds, in loans and investment securities.  Greene County Commercial Bank’s primary business is to attract deposits from and provide banking services to local municipalities.
9

(3)
Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.  Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses and the assessment of other-than-temporary security impairment.

While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, future additions to the allowance for loan losses (the “Allowance”) may be necessary, based on changes in economic conditions, asset quality or other factors.  In addition, various regulatory authorities, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Allowance.  Such authorities may require the Company to recognize additions to the Allowance based on their judgments of information available to them at the time of their examination.

Greene County Bancorp, Inc. makes an assessment to determine whether there have been any events or economic circumstances to indicate that a security on which there is an unrealized loss is impaired and impairment is other-than-temporary.  The Company considers many factors including the severity and duration of the impairment; the intent and ability of the Company to hold the security for a period of time sufficient for a recovery in value; recent events specific to the issuer or industry; and for debt securities, intent to sell the security, whether it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before recovery, whether loss of the entire amortized cost is expected, external credit ratings and recent downgrades.  Securities on which there is an unrealized loss that is deemed to be other-than-temporary are written down to fair value.

(4)
Securities

Securities at March 31, 2014 consisted of the following:


 
 
   
   
   
 
(In thousands)
 
Amortized Cost
   
Gross Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated Fair
Value
 
Securities available for sale:
 
   
   
   
 
U.S. government sponsored enterprises
 
$
12,666
   
$
226
   
$
-
   
$
12,892
 
State and political subdivisions
   
1,327
     
24
     
5
     
1,346
 
Mortgage-backed securities-residential
   
5,293
     
187
     
-
     
5,480
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
26,633
     
154
     
582
     
26,205
 
Asset-backed securities
   
15
     
-
     
1
     
14
 
Corporate debt securities
   
4,815
     
390
     
23
     
5,182
 
Total debt securities
   
50,749
     
981
     
611
     
51,119
 
Equity securities
   
62
     
99
     
-
     
161
 
Total securities available for sale
   
50,811
     
1,080
     
611
     
51,280
 
Securities held to maturity:
                               
U.S. government sponsored enterprises
   
3,000
     
3
     
115
     
2,888
 
State and political subdivisions
   
84,421
     
611
     
395
     
84,637
 
Mortgage-backed securities-residential
   
23,948
     
1,127
     
-
     
25,075
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
64,742
     
696
     
2,682
     
62,756
 
Other securities
   
978
     
-
     
31
     
947
 
Total securities held to maturity
   
177,089
     
2,437
     
3,223
     
176,303
 
Total securities
 
$
227,900
   
$
3,517
   
$
3,834
   
$
227,583
 

10

Securities at June 30, 2013 consisted of the following:

(In thousands)
 
Amortized Cost
   
Gross Unrealized
 Gains
   
Gross Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated Fair
 Value
 
Securities available for sale:
 
   
   
   
 
U.S. government sponsored enterprises
 
$
12,729
   
$
260
   
$
-
   
$
12,989
 
State and political subdivisions
   
1,849
     
29
     
20
     
1,858
 
Mortgage-backed securities-residential
   
7,340
     
193
     
-
     
7,533
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
42,096
     
289
     
466
     
41,919
 
Asset-backed securities
   
17
     
-
     
1
     
16
 
Corporate debt securities
   
4,827
     
380
     
31
     
5,176
 
Total debt securities
   
68,858
     
1,151
     
518
     
69,491
 
Equity securities
   
68
     
85
     
-
     
153
 
Total securities available for sale
   
68,926
     
1,236
     
518
     
69,644
 
Securities held to maturity:
                               
U.S. treasury securities
   
5,500
     
17
     
-
     
5,517
 
U.S. government sponsored enterprises
   
2,999
     
16
     
113
     
2,902
 
State and political subdivisions
   
82,801
     
362
     
755
     
82,408
 
Mortgage-backed securities-residential
   
29,077
     
1,515
     
9
     
30,583
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
55,086
     
1,236
     
1,093
     
55,229
 
Other securities
   
1,056
     
-
     
35
     
1,021
 
Total securities held to maturity
   
176,519
     
3,146
     
2,005
     
177,660
 
Total securities
 
$
245,445
   
$
4,382
   
$
2,523
   
$
247,304
 
 
Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s current policies generally limit securities investments to U.S. Government and securities of government sponsored enterprises, federal funds sold, municipal bonds, corporate debt obligations and certain mutual funds.  In addition, the Company’s policies permit investments in mortgage-backed securities, including securities issued and guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and GNMA, and collateralized mortgage obligations.  The Company’s investments in mortgage-backed securities include pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued and guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and GNMA.  As of March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013, no private-label mortgage-backed securities or collateralized mortgage obligations were held in the securities portfolio.  The Company’s investments in state and political subdivisions securities generally are municipal obligations that are general obligations supported by the general taxing authority of the issuer, and in some cases are insured.  The obligations issued by school districts are supported by state aid.  Primarily, these investments are issued by municipalities within New York State.

The following table shows fair value and gross unrealized losses, aggregated by security category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at March 31, 2014.


 
 
Less Than 12 Months
   
More Than 12 Months
   
Total
 
(In thousands)
 
Fair Value
   
Unrealized Losses
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized Losses
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized Losses
 
Securities available for sale:
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
State and political subdivisions
 
$
803
   
$
5
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
803
   
$
5
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
21,358
     
520
     
963
     
62
     
22,321
     
582
 
Asset-backed securities
   
-
     
-
     
14
     
1
     
14
     
1
 
Corporate debt securities
   
761
     
23
     
-
     
-
     
761
     
23
 
Total securities available for sale
   
22,922
     
548
     
977
     
63
     
23,899
     
611
 
Securities held to maturity:
                                               
U.S. government sponsored enterprises
   
1,885
     
115
     
-
     
-
     
1,885
     
115
 
State and political subdivisions
   
14,310
     
390
     
64
     
5
     
14,374
     
395
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
31,952
     
1,842
     
9,377
     
840
     
41,329
     
2,682
 
Other securities
   
443
     
25
     
81
     
6
     
524
     
31
 
Total securities held to maturity
   
48,590
     
2,372
     
9,522
     
851
     
58,112
     
3,223
 
Total securities
 
$
71,512
   
$
2,920
   
$
10,499
   
$
914
   
$
82,011
   
$
3,834
 

11

The following table shows fair value and gross unrealized losses, aggregated by security category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at June 30, 2013.

 
 
Less Than 12 Months
   
More Than 12 Months
   
Total
 
(In thousands)
 
Fair Value
   
Unrealized Losses
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized Losses
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized Losses
 
Securities available for sale:
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
State and political subdivisions
 
$
791
   
$
20
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
791
   
$
20
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
33,298
     
466
     
-
     
-
     
33,298
     
466
 
Asset-backed securities
   
-
     
-
     
16
     
1
     
16
     
1
 
Corporate debt securities
   
758
     
31
     
-
     
-
     
758
     
31
 
Total securities available for sale
   
34,847
     
517
     
16
     
1
     
34,863
     
518
 
Securities held to maturity:
                                               
U.S. government sponsored enterprises
   
1,887
     
113
     
-
     
-
     
1,887
     
113
 
State and political subdivisions
   
28,597
     
745
     
1,597
     
10
     
30,194
     
755
 
Mortgage-backed securities-residential
   
1,228
     
9
     
-
     
-
     
1,228
     
9
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
33,044
     
1,093
     
-
     
-
     
33,044
     
1,093
 
Other securities
   
753
     
35
     
-
     
-
     
753
     
35
 
Total securities held to maturity
   
65,509
     
1,995
     
1,597
     
10
     
67,106
     
2,005
 
Total securities
 
$
100,356
   
$
2,512
   
$
1,613
   
$
11
   
$
101,969
   
$
2,523
 

At March 31, 2014, there were 76 securities which have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than 12 months and 9 securities with a continuous unrealized loss position of more than 12 months.  When the fair value of a held to maturity or available for sale security is less than its amortized cost basis, an assessment is made as to whether other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) is present.  The Company considers numerous factors when determining whether a potential OTTI exists and the period over which the debt security is expected to recover.  The principal factors considered are (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than the amortized cost basis, (2) the financial condition of the issuer (and guarantor, if any) and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, industry or geographic area, (3) failure of the issuer of the security to make scheduled interest or principal payments, (4) any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and (5) the presence of credit enhancements, if any, including the guarantee of the federal government or any of its agencies.

For debt securities, OTTI is considered to have occurred if (1) the Company intends to sell the security, (2) it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, or (3) if the present value of expected cash flows is not sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis.  In determining the present value of expected cash flows, the Company discounts the expected cash flows at the effective interest rate implicit in the security at the date of acquisition.  In estimating cash flows expected to be collected, the Company uses available information with respect to security prepayment speeds, default rates and severity.  In determining whether OTTI has occurred for equity securities, the Company considers the applicable factors described above and the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

For debt securities, credit-related OTTI is recognized in income while noncredit related OTTI on securities not expected to be sold is recognized in other comprehensive income (“OCI”).  Credit-related OTTI is measured as the difference between the present value of an impaired security’s expected cash flows and its amortized cost basis.  Noncredit-related OTTI is measured as the difference between the fair value of the security and its amortized cost less any credit-related losses recognized.  For securities classified as held to maturity, the amount of OTTI recognized in OCI is accreted to the credit-adjusted expected cash flow amounts of the securities over future periods.  For equity securities, the entire amount of OTTI is recognized in income.  Management evaluated securities considering the factors as outlined above, and based on this evaluation the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2014.  Management believes that the reasons for the decline in fair value are due to interest rates and widening credit spreads at the end of the quarter.

During the nine months ended March 31, 2014, $11.7 million of securities available-for-sale were transferred to held-to-maturity and included primarily mortgage-backed securities.  These securities were transferred at fair value which reflected a net unrealized loss of $805,000.  This unrealized loss is being accreted to other comprehensive income over the remaining average lives of these securities.

During the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014, there were no sales of securities and no gains or losses were recognized.  During the nine months ended March 31, 2013, a gain on sale of $10,000 was recognized on a security that was previously written off as other-than-temporarily impaired.  During the three months ended March 31, 2013, there were no sales of securities and no gains or losses were recognized. There was no other-than-temporary impairment loss recognized during the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.
12

The estimated fair values of debt securities at March 31, 2014, by contractual maturity are shown below.  Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities, because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

(In thousands)

Available for sale debt securities
 
Amortized Cost
   
Fair Value
 
Within one year
 
$
5,278
   
$
5,309
 
After one year through five years
   
8,615
     
9,050
 
After five years through ten years
   
4,915
     
5,061
 
After ten years
   
-
     
-
 
Total available for sale debt securities
   
18,808
     
19,420
 
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities
   
31,941
     
31,699
 
Equity securities
   
62
     
161
 
Total available for sale securities
   
50,811
     
51,280
 
 
               
Held to maturity debt securities
               
Within one year
   
19,440
     
19,464
 
After one year through five years
   
30,528
     
30,874
 
After five years through ten years
   
25,655
     
25,545
 
After ten years
   
12,776
     
12,589
 
Total held to maturity debt securities
   
88,399
     
88,472
 
Mortgage-backed
   
88,690
     
87,831
 
Total held to maturity securities
   
177,089
     
176,303
 
Total securities
 
$
227,900
   
$
227,583
 

As of March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013, respectively, securities with an aggregate fair value of $197.5 million and $200.9 million were pledged as collateral for deposits in excess of FDIC insurance limits for various municipalities placing deposits with Greene County Commercial Bank.  As of March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013, securities with an aggregate fair value of $5.2 million were pledged as collateral for potential borrowings at the Federal Reserve Bank discount window.  Greene County Bancorp, Inc. did not participate in any securities lending programs during the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 or 2013.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

Federal law requires a member institution of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system to hold stock of its district FHLB according to a predetermined formula.  This stock is restricted in that it can only be sold to the FHLB or to another member institution, and all sales of FHLB stock must be at par.  As a result of these restrictions, FHLB stock is carried at cost.  FHLB stock is held as a long-term investment and its value is determined based on the ultimate recoverability of the par value.  Impairment of this investment is evaluated quarterly and is a matter of judgment that reflects management’s view of the FHLB’s long-term performance, which includes factors such as the following:   its operating performance; the severity and duration of declines in the fair value of its net assets related to its capital stock amount; its commitment to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to its operating performance; the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on the FHLB, and accordingly, on the members of the FHLB; and its liquidity and funding position.  After evaluating these considerations, Greene County Bancorp, Inc. concluded that the par value of its investment in FHLB stock will be recovered and, therefore, no other-than-temporary impairment charge was recorded during the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 or 2013.

(5)
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Management closely monitors the quality of the loan portfolio and has established a loan review process designed to help grade the quality and profitability of the Company’s loan portfolio. The credit quality grade helps management make a consistent assessment of each loan relationship’s credit risk. Consistent with regulatory guidelines, The Bank of Greene County provides for the classification of loans considered being of lesser quality.  Such ratings coincide with the "Substandard," "Doubtful" and "Loss" classifications used by federal regulators in their examination of financial institutions. Generally, an asset is considered Substandard if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligors and/or the collateral pledged. Substandard assets include those characterized by the distinct possibility that the insured financial institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in assets classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, highly questionable and improbable. Assets classified as Loss are those considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a full loss reserve and/or charge-off is not warranted. Assets that do not currently expose the insured financial institutions to sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories but otherwise possess weaknesses are designated "Special Mention."   Management also maintains a listing of loans designated “Watch.” These loans represent borrowers with declining earnings, strained cash flow, increasing leverage and/or weakening market fundamentals that indicate above average risk.
13

When The Bank of Greene County classifies problem assets as either Substandard or Doubtful, it generally establishes a specific valuation allowance or "loss reserve" in an amount deemed prudent by management.  General allowances represent loss allowances that have been established to recognize the inherent risk associated with lending activities, but which, unlike specific allowances, have not been allocated to particular loans.  When The Bank of Greene County identifies problem loans as being impaired, it is required to evaluate whether the Bank will be able to collect all amounts due either through repayments or the liquidation of the underlying collateral.  If it is determined that impairment exists, the Bank is required either to establish a specific allowance for losses equal to the amount of impairment of the assets, or to charge-off such amount.  Regulatory agencies may require The Bank of Greene County to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examination.  The Bank of Greene County reviews its portfolio monthly to determine whether any assets require classification in accordance with applicable regulations.

The Bank primarily has four segments within its loan portfolio that it considers when measuring credit quality: real estate loans, home equity, consumer installment and commercial loans.  The real estate portfolio consists of residential, nonresidential, and construction loan classes. The inherent risk within the loan portfolio varies depending upon each of these loan types.

The Bank of Greene County’s primary lending activity is the origination of residential mortgage loans, including home equity loans, which are collateralized by residences.   Generally, residential mortgage loans are made in amounts up to 80 % of the appraised value of the property.  However, The Bank of Greene County will originate residential mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios of up to 95%, with private mortgage insurance.  In the event of default by the borrower, The Bank of Greene County will acquire and liquidate the underlying collateral.    By originating the loan at a loan-to-value ratio of 80% or less or obtaining private mortgage insurance, The Bank of Greene County limits its risk of loss in the event of default.  However, the market values of the collateral may be adversely impacted by declines in the economy.  Home equity loans may have an additional inherent risk if The Bank of Greene County does not hold the first mortgage.  The Bank of Greene County may stand in a secondary position in the event of collateral liquidation resulting in a greater chance of insufficiency to meet all obligations.

Construction lending generally involves a greater degree of risk than other residential mortgage lending.  The repayment of the construction loan is, to a great degree, dependent upon the successful and timely completion of the construction of the subject property within specified cost limits.  The Bank of Greene County completes inspections during the construction phase prior to any disbursements.  The Bank of Greene County limits its risk during the construction as disbursements are not made until the required work for each advance has been completed.  Construction delays may further impair the borrower's ability to repay the loan.

Loans collateralized by nonresidential mortgage loans, and multi-family loans, such as apartment buildings generally are larger than residential loans and involve a greater degree of risk. Commercial mortgage loans often involve large loan balances to single borrowers or groups of related borrowers. Payments on these loans depend to a large degree on the results of operations and management of the properties or underlying businesses, and may be affected to a greater extent by adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy in general. Accordingly, the nature of nonresidential mortgage loans makes them more difficult for management to monitor and evaluate.

Consumer loans generally have shorter terms and higher interest rates than residential mortgage loans. In addition, consumer loans expand the products and services offered by The Bank of Greene County to better meet the financial services needs of its customers.  Consumer loans generally involve greater credit risk than residential mortgage loans because of the difference in the nature of the underlying collateral.  Repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance because of the greater likelihood of damage, loss or depreciation in the underlying collateral. The remaining deficiency often does not warrant further substantial collection efforts against the borrower beyond obtaining a deficiency judgment. In addition, consumer loan collections depend on the borrower's personal financial stability.  Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount that can be recovered on such loans.

Commercial lending generally involves greater risk than residential mortgage lending and involves risks that are different from those associated with residential and nonresidential mortgage lending. Real estate lending is generally considered to be collateral-based, with loan amounts based on fixed loan-to-collateral values, and liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral is viewed as the primary source of repayment in the event of borrower default. Although commercial loans may be collateralized by equipment or other business assets, the liquidation of collateral in the event of a borrower default is often an insufficient source of repayment because equipment and other business assets may be obsolete or of limited use, among other things. Accordingly, the repayment of a commercial loan depends primarily on the creditworthiness of the borrower (and any guarantors), while liquidation of collateral is a secondary and often insufficient source of repayment.
14

Loan balances by internal credit quality indicator as of March 31, 2014 are shown below.
 
(In thousands)
 
Performing
   
Watch
   
Special Mention
   
Substandard
   
Total
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
221,735
   
$
128
   
$
298
   
$
4,149
   
$
226,310
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
102,830
     
-
     
3,240
     
1,934
     
108,004
 
Residential construction and land
   
3,229
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
3,229
 
Commercial construction
   
2,517
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
2,517
 
Multi-family
   
3,998
     
-
     
-
     
114
     
4,112
 
Home equity
   
20,154
     
-
     
-
     
339
     
20,493
 
Consumer installment
   
4,075
     
-
     
-
     
3
     
4,078
 
Commercial loans
   
28,975
     
-
     
583
     
706
     
30,264
 
Total gross loans
 
$
387,513
   
$
128
   
$
4,121
   
$
7,245
   
$
399,007
 

Loan balances by internal credit quality indicator as of June 30, 2013 are shown below.
 
(In thousands)
 
Performing
   
Watch
   
Special Mention
   
Substandard
   
Total
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
207,606
   
$
294
   
$
302
   
$
4,324
   
$
212,526
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
87,509
     
-
     
2,197
     
1,776
     
91,482
 
Residential construction and land
   
2,691
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
2,691
 
Commercial construction
   
2,466
     
-
     
-
     
1,057
     
3,523
 
Multi-family
   
4,785
     
-
     
-
     
726
     
5,511
 
Home equity
   
20,099
     
221
     
23
     
28
     
20,371
 
Consumer installment
   
4,073
     
5
     
-
     
-
     
4,078
 
Commercial loans
   
24,454
     
-
     
516
     
687
     
25,657
 
Total gross loans
 
$
353,683
   
$
520
   
$
3,038
   
$
8,598
   
$
365,839
 

The Company had no loans classified Doubtful or Loss at March 31, 2014 or June 30, 2013.

Nonaccrual Loans

Management places loans on nonaccrual status once the loans have become 90 days or more delinquent or sooner if there is a significant reason for management to believe the collectability is questionable and, therefore, interest on the loan will no longer be recognized on an accrual basis.  Nonaccrual is defined as a loan in which collectability is questionable and therefore interest on the loan will no longer be recognized on an accrual basis.  A loan is not placed back on accrual status until the borrower has demonstrated the ability and willingness to make timely payments on the loan.    A loan does not have to be 90 days delinquent in order to be classified as nonaccrual.   Nonaccrual loans consisted primarily of loans secured by real estate at March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013.  While the Bank makes every reasonable effort to work with the borrowers to collect amounts due, the number of loans in process of foreclosure has grown substantially over the past several years.  This growth has been the result of adverse changes within the economy and increases in local unemployment.   The growth is also due in part to the extended length of time required to meet all of the legal requirements mandated by New York State law prior to a foreclosure sale, which may be in excess of two years.   Loans on nonaccrual status totaled $5.8 million at March 31, 2014 of which $3.7 million were in the process of foreclosure.  Included in nonaccrual loans were $2.2 million of loans which were less than 90 days past due at March 31, 2014, but have a recent history of delinquency greater than 90 days past due.   These loans will be returned to accrual status once they have demonstrated a history of timely payments.  Included in total loans past due were $1.0 million of loans which were making payments pursuant to forbearance agreements.  Under the forbearance agreements, the customers have made arrangements with the Bank to bring the loans current over a specified period of time (resulting in an insignificant delay in repayment).  During this term of the forbearance agreement, the Bank has agreed not to continue foreclosure proceedings.  Loans on nonaccrual status totaled $6.3 million at June 30, 2013 of which $4.9 million were in the process of foreclosure.  Included in nonaccrual loans, were $781,000 of loans which were less than 90 days past due at June 30, 2013, but have a recent history of delinquency greater than 90 days past due.
15

The following table sets forth information regarding delinquent and/or nonaccrual loans as of March 31, 2014:
 
(In thousands)
 
30-59 days past due
   
60-89 days past due
   
90 days or more past due
   
Total past due
   
Current
   
Total Loans
   
Loans on Non-accrual
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
174
   
$
744
   
$
2,433
   
$
3,351
   
$
222,959
   
$
226,310
   
$
3,319
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
1,724
     
785
     
1,062
     
3,571
     
104,433
     
108,004
     
1,937
 
Residential construction and land
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
3,229
     
3,229
     
-
 
Commercial construction
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
2,517
     
2,517
     
-
 
Multi-family
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
4,112
     
4,112
     
-
 
Home equity
   
52
     
96
     
221
     
369
     
20,124
     
20,493
     
243
 
Consumer installment
   
44
     
2
     
1
     
47
     
4,031
     
4,078
     
1
 
Commercial loans
   
150
     
605
     
204
     
959
     
29,305
     
30,264
     
311
 
Total gross loans
 
$
2,144
   
$
2,232
   
$
3,921
   
$
8,297
   
$
390,710
   
$
399,007
   
$
5,811
 

The following table sets forth information regarding delinquent and/or nonaccrual loans as of June 30, 2013:
 
(In thousands)
 
30-59 days past due
   
60-89 days past due
   
90 days or more past due
   
Total past due
   
Current
   
Total Loans
   
Loans on Non-accrual
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
1,255
   
$
165
   
$
3,875
   
$
5,295
   
$
207,231
   
$
212,526
   
$
3,599
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
215
     
978
     
1,655
     
2,848
     
88,634
     
91,482
     
2,018
 
Residential construction and land
   
38
     
-
     
-
     
38
     
2,653
     
2,691
     
-
 
Commercial construction
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
3,523
     
3,523
     
-
 
Multi-family
   
144
     
-
     
463
     
607
     
4,904
     
5,511
     
463
 
Home equity
   
269
     
221
     
28
     
518
     
19,853
     
20,371
     
51
 
Consumer installment
   
34
     
5
     
-
     
39
     
4,039
     
4,078
     
-
 
Commercial loans
   
530
     
78
     
82
     
690
     
24,967
     
25,657
     
195
 
Total gross loans
 
$
2,485
   
$
1,447
   
$
6,103
   
$
10,035
   
$
355,804
   
$
365,839
   
$
6,326
 

The Bank of Greene County had accruing loans delinquent more than 90 days as of March 31, 2014 totaling $269,000 and had accruing loans delinquent more than 90 days as of June 30, 2013 totaling $559,000.    The loans delinquent more than 90 days and accruing consist of loans that are well collateralized and the borrowers have demonstrated the ability and willingness to pay.  The borrowers have made arrangements with the Bank to bring the loans current within a specified time period and have made a series of payments as agreed.

The table below details additional information related to nonaccrual loans for the nine and three months ended March 31:

 
 
For the nine months ended
March 31,
   
For the three months ended
March 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2014
   
2013
   
2014
   
2013
 
Interest income that would have been recorded if loans had been performing in accordance with original terms
 
$
389
   
$
398
   
$
181
   
$
123
 
Interest income that was recorded on nonaccrual loans
   
92
     
180
     
28
     
54
 

Impaired Loan Analysis

The Company identifies impaired loans and measures the impairment in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) subtopic “Receivables – Loan Impairment.”  Management may consider a loan impaired once it is classified as nonaccrual and when it is probable that the borrower will be unable to repay the loan according to the original contractual terms of the loan agreement or the loan is restructured in a troubled debt restructuring.  It should be noted that management does not evaluate all loans individually for impairment.  The Bank of Greene County considers residential mortgages, home equity loans, smaller commercial loans and installment loans as small, homogeneous loans, which are evaluated for impairment collectively based on historical loan experience and other factors.  In contrast, large commercial mortgage, construction, multi-family and commercial loans are viewed individually and considered impaired if it is probable that The Bank of Greene County will not be able to collect scheduled payments of principal and interest when due, according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  The measurement of impaired loans is generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.  The majority of The Bank of Greene County loans, including most nonaccrual loans, are small homogenous loan types adequately supported by collateral.  Management considers the payment status of loans in the process of evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses among other factors.  Loans that are either delinquent a minimum of 60 days or are on nonaccrual status, and are not individually evaluated for impairment, are either designated as Special Mention or Substandard, and the allocation of the allowance for loan loss is based upon the risk associated with such designation.  Loans that have been modified as a troubled debt restructuring are included in impaired loans.  The measurement of impairment is generally based on the discounted cash flows based on the original rate of the loan before the restructuring, unless it is determined that the restructured loan is collateral dependent.  If the restructured loan is deemed to be collateral dependent, impairment is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.
16

The tables below detail additional information on impaired loans at the date or periods indicated:

 
 
As of March 31, 2014
   
For the nine months ended
March 31, 2014
   
For the three months ended
March 31, 2014
 
(In thousands)
 
Recorded Investment
   
Unpaid Principal
   
Related Allowance
   
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Interest
Income
Recognized
   
Average
Recorded
 Investment
   
Interest
 Income
Recognized
 
With no related allowance recorded:
   
   
   
   
   
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
284
   
$
284
   
$
-
   
$
355
   
$
7
   
$
267
   
$
6
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
464
     
464
     
-
     
537
     
23
     
513
     
6
 
 
   
748
     
748
     
-
     
892
     
30
     
780
     
12
 
With an allowance recorded:
                                         
Residential mortgage
   
3,066
     
3,085
     
580
     
3,025
     
45
     
2,876
     
15
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
2,821
     
3,002
     
391
     
2,243
     
37
     
2,775
     
17
 
Commercial construction
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
467
     
17
     
-
     
-
 
Multi-family
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
257
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Home equity
   
200
     
200
     
87
     
133
     
-
     
200
     
-
 
Commercial loans
   
605
     
605
     
3
     
607
     
27
     
605
     
7
 
 
   
6,692
     
6,892
     
1,061
     
6,732
     
126
     
6,456
     
39
 
Total impaired:
                                                       
Residential mortgage
   
3,350
     
3,369
     
580
     
3,380
     
52
     
3,143
     
21
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
3,285
     
3,466
     
391
     
2,780
     
60
     
3,288
     
23
 
Commercial construction
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
467
     
17
     
-
     
-
 
Multi-family
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
257
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Home equity
   
200
     
200
     
87
     
133
     
-
     
200
     
-
 
Commercial loans
   
605
     
605
     
3
     
607
     
27
     
605
     
7
 
 
 
$
7,440
   
$
7,640
   
$
1,061
   
$
7,624
   
$
156
   
$
7,236
   
$
51
 

17

 
 
As of June 30, 2013
   
For the nine months ended
March 31, 2013
   
For the three months ended
 March 31, 2013
 
(In thousands)
 
Recorded
Investment
   
Unpaid
Principal
   
Related
Allowance
   
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Interest
Income
Recognized
   
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
With no related allowance recorded:
   
   
   
   
   
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
852
   
$
852
   
$
-
   
$
123
   
$
14
   
$
215
   
$
3
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
783
     
783
     
-
     
1,265
     
64
     
1,260
     
17
 
Commercial loans
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
108
     
13
     
77
     
3
 
 
   
1,635
     
1,635
     
-
     
1,496
     
91
     
1,552
     
23
 
With an allowance recorded:
                                         
Residential mortgage
   
2,582
     
2,632
     
520
     
2,552
     
55
     
2,651
     
17
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
1,339
     
1,339
     
305
     
1,015
     
22
     
1,085
     
14
 
Commercial construction
   
1,057
     
1,057
     
331
     
1,068
     
35
     
1,063
     
7
 
Multi-family
   
463
     
463
     
16
     
885
     
22
     
886
     
6
 
Home equity
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
257
     
4
     
-
     
-
 
Commercial loans
   
610
     
610
     
7
     
572
     
29
     
571
     
9
 
 
   
6,051
     
6,101
     
1,179
     
6,349
     
167
     
6,256
     
53
 
Total impaired:
                                         
``
         
Residential mortgage
   
3,434
     
3,484
     
520
     
2,675
     
69
     
2,866
     
20
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
2,122
     
2,122
     
305
     
2,280
     
86
     
2,345
     
31
 
Commercial construction
   
1,057
     
1,057
     
331
     
1,068
     
35
     
1,063
     
7
 
Multi-family
   
463
     
463
     
16
     
885
     
22
     
886
     
6
 
Home equity
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
257
     
4
     
-
     
-
 
Commercial loans
   
610
     
610
     
7
     
680
     
42
     
648
     
12
 
 
 
$
7,686
   
$
7,736
   
$
1,179
   
$
7,845
   
$
258
   
$
7,808
   
$
76
 

The table below details loans that have been modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the nine and three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Number of
 Contracts
   
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Investment
   
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Investment
   
Current Outstanding
Recorded Investment
 
Nine months ended March 31, 2014
 
   
   
   
 
Residential mortgage
   
2
   
$
367
   
$
367
   
$
361
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
5
     
1,789
     
1,848
     
1,837
 
 
                               
Nine months ended March 31, 2013
                               
Residential mortgage
   
1
     
246
     
261
     
261
 
 
                               
 
                               
Three months ended March 31, 2014
                               
Nonresidential mortgage
   
2
   
$
142
   
$
160
   
$
159
 
 
                               
Three months ended March 31, 2013
                               
Residential mortgage
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 

These loans have been classified as troubled debt restructurings due to concessions granted to the debtors that The Bank of Greene County would not otherwise consider as a result of financial difficulties of the borrowers.  For these loans, concessions consisted of any combination of the following: additional funds were advanced, the interest rate was reduced and/or the term extended. If the borrower performs under the terms of the modification, and the ultimate collectability of all amounts contractually due under the modified terms is not in doubt, these loans will be returned to accrual status.   These loans identified as a troubled debt restructuring have been evaluated for impairment and the impact to the allowance for loan loss was immaterial.

18

The table below details loans that have been modified as troubled debt restructurings during the previous twelve months which have subsequently defaulted during the nine months ended March 31, 2014:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Number of Contracts
   
Recorded Investment
   
Allowance for
Loan Loss
 
Nine months ended March 31, 2014
 
   
   
 
Residential mortgage
   
2
   
$
284
   
$
65
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
1
     
460
     
120
 
 
                       

The Company had no loans that had been modified as troubled debt restructurings during the twelve months prior to March 31, 2014 which had subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2014.  The Company had no loans that had been modified as troubled debt restructurings during the twelve months prior to March 31, 2013 which had subsequently defaulted during the nine and three months ended March 31, 2013.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses based on management’s evaluation of the losses inherent in the loan portfolio, the composition of the loan portfolio, specific impaired loans and current economic conditions.  Such evaluation, which includes a review of certain identified loans on which full collectability may not be reasonably assured, considers among other matters, the estimated net realizable value or the fair value of the underlying collateral, economic conditions, payment status of the loan, historical loan loss experience and other factors that warrant recognition in providing for the loan loss allowance.  In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review The Bank of Greene County’s allowance for loan losses.  Such agencies may require The Bank of Greene County to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examination.  The Bank of Greene County considers residential mortgages, home equity loans and installment loans to customers as small, homogeneous loans, which are evaluated for impairment collectively based on historical loss experience.  Commercial mortgage and business loans are viewed individually and considered impaired if it is probable that The Bank of Greene County will not be able to collect scheduled payments of principal and interest when due, according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements.  The measurement of impaired loans is generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.  The allowance for loan losses is increased by a provision for loan losses (which results in a charge to expense) and recoveries of loans previously charged off and is reduced by charge-offs. Generally, consumer loans and smaller business loans (not secured by real estate) in excess of 90 days are charged-off against the allowance for loan losses, unless equitable arrangements are made.   For loans secured by real estate, a charge-off is recorded when it is determined that the collection of all or a portion of a loan may not be collected and the amount of that loss can be reasonably estimated.

The following tables set forth the activity and allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan category during and at the periods indicated.  The allowance is allocated to each loan category based on historical loss experience and economic conditions.

Activity for the nine months ended March 31, 2014
 
(In thousands)
 
Balance at June
30, 2013
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Provision
   
Balance at March
31, 2014
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
2,627
   
$
344
   
$
1
   
$
456
   
$
2,740
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
2,476
     
87
     
-
     
456
     
2,845
 
Residential construction and land
   
37
     
-
     
-
     
8
     
45
 
Commercial construction
   
392
     
-
     
-
     
(330
)
   
62
 
Multi-family
   
139
     
24
     
7
     
(61
)
   
61
 
Home equity
   
275
     
44
     
-
     
141
     
372
 
Consumer installment
   
222
     
171
     
55
     
98
     
204
 
Commercial loans
   
809
     
205
     
4
     
182
     
790
 
Unallocated
   
63
     
-
     
-
     
159
     
222
 
Total
 
$
7,040
   
$
875
   
$
67
   
$
1,109
   
$
7,341
 

19

Activity for the three months ended March 31, 2014
 
(In thousands)
 
Balance at
December 31,
2013
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Provision
   
Balance at
March 31, 2014
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
2,772
   
$
62
   
$
1
   
$
29
   
$
2,740
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
2,740
     
-
     
-
     
105
     
2,845
 
Residential construction and land
   
47
     
-
     
-
     
(2
)
   
45
 
Commercial construction
   
86
     
-
     
-
     
(24
)
   
62
 
Multi-family
   
107
     
-
     
7
     
(53
)
   
61
 
Home equity
   
360
     
36
     
-
     
48
     
372
 
Consumer installment
   
243
     
51
     
23
     
(11
)
   
204
 
Commercial loans
   
773
     
-
     
-
     
17
     
790
 
Unallocated
   
43
     
-
     
-
     
179
     
222
 
Total
 
$
7,171
   
$
149
   
$
31
   
$
288
   
$
7,341
 

 
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
   
Loans Receivable
 
 
 
Ending Balance March 31, 2014 Impairment Analysis
   
Ending Balance March 31, 2014 Impairment Analysis
 
(In thousands)
 
Individually Evaluated
   
Collectively Evaluated
   
Individually Evaluated
   
Collectively Evaluated
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
580
   
$
2,160
   
$
3,350
   
$
222,960
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
391
     
2,454
     
3,285
     
104,719
 
Residential construction and land
   
-
     
45
     
-
     
3,229
 
Commercial construction
   
-
     
62
     
-
     
2,517
 
Multi-family
   
-
     
61
     
-
     
4,112
 
Home equity
   
87
     
285
     
200
     
20,293
 
Consumer installment
   
-
     
204
     
-
     
4,078
 
Commercial loans
   
3
     
787
     
605
     
29,659
 
Unallocated
   
-
     
222
     
-
     
-
 
Total
 
$
1,061
   
$
6,280
   
$
7,440
   
$
391,567
 

Activity for the nine months ended March 31, 2013
 
(In thousands)
 
Balance at June
30, 2012
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Provision
   
Balance at March
31, 2013
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
2,163
   
$
286
   
$
-
   
$
613
   
$
2,490
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
2,076
     
139
     
-
     
368
     
2,305
 
Residential construction and land
   
19
     
-
     
-
     
9
     
28
 
Commercial construction
   
407
     
-
     
-
     
8
     
415
 
Multi-family
   
337
     
-
     
-
     
(72
)
   
265
 
Home equity
   
187
     
-
     
-
     
90
     
277
 
Consumer installment
   
207
     
201
     
70
     
127
     
203
 
Commercial loans
   
645
     
15
     
-
     
144
     
774
 
Unallocated
   
136
     
-
     
-
     
29
     
165
 
Total
 
$
6,177
   
$
641
   
$
70
   
$
1,316
   
$
6,922
 

20

Activity for the three months ended March 31, 2013
 
(In thousands)
 
Balance at December
31, 2012
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Provision
   
Balance at March
31, 2013
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
2,429
   
$
13
   
$
-
   
$
74
   
$
2,490
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
2,246
     
119
     
-
     
178
     
2,305
 
Residential construction and land
   
43
     
-
     
-
     
(15
)
   
28
 
Commercial construction
   
391
     
-
     
-
     
24
     
415
 
Multi-family
   
286
     
-
     
-
     
(21
)
   
265
 
Home equity
   
361
     
-
     
-
     
(84
)
   
277
 
Consumer installment
   
281
     
69
     
28
     
(37
)
   
203
 
Commercial loans
   
727
     
-
     
-
     
47
     
774
 
Unallocated
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
165
     
165
 
Total
 
$
6,764
   
$
201
   
$
28
   
$
331
   
$
6,922
 

 
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
   
Loans Receivable
 
 
 
Ending Balance June 30, 2013 Impairment
Analysis
   
Ending Balance June 30, 2013 Impairment
Analysis
 
(In thousands)
 
Individually
Evaluated
   
Collectively
Evaluated
   
Individually
Evaluated
   
Collectively
Evaluated
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
520
   
$
2,107
   
$
3,434
   
$
209,092
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
305
     
2,171
     
2,122
     
89,360
 
Residential construction and land
   
-
     
37
     
-
     
2,691
 
Commercial construction
   
331
     
61
     
1,057
     
2,466
 
Multi-family
   
16
     
123
     
463
     
5,048
 
Home equity
   
-
     
275
     
-
     
20,371
 
Consumer installment
   
-
     
222
     
-
     
4,078
 
Commercial loans
   
7
     
802
     
610
     
25,047
 
Unallocated
   
-
     
63
     
-
     
-
 
Total
 
$
1,179
   
$
5,861
   
$
7,686
   
$
358,153
 

(6)
Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments; however, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique.  Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimates herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could have realized in a sale transaction on the dates indicated.  The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013 and have not been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these consolidated financial statements subsequent to those respective dates.  As such, the estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent to the respective reporting dates may be different than the amounts reported at each period-end.

The following information should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Company since a fair value calculation is only provided for a limited portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities.  Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between the Company’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful.

The FASB ASC Topic on “Fair Value Measurement” established a fair value hierarchy that prioritized the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
21

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported with little or no market activity).
An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

For assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used are as follows:
 
 
 
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
March
   
Quoted Prices
In Active Markets
For Identical
Assets
   
Significant
Other Observable
Inputs
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
(In thousands)
  31, 2014    
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
Assets:
         
   
   
 
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises
 
$
12,892
   
$
-
   
$
12,892
   
$
-
 
State and political subdivisions
   
1,346
     
-
     
1,346
     
-
 
Mortgage-backed securities-residential
   
5,480
     
-
     
5,480
     
-
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
26,205
     
-
     
26,205
     
-
 
Asset-backed securities
   
14
     
14
     
-
     
-
 
Corporate debt securities
   
5,182
     
5,182
     
-
     
-
 
Equity securities
   
161
     
161
     
-
     
-
 
Securities available for sale
 
$
51,280
   
$
5,357
   
$
45,923
   
$
-
 

 
 
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
June
   
Quoted Prices
In Active Markets
For Identical
Assets
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
(In thousands)
 
30, 2013
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
Assets:
         
   
   
 
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises
 
$
12,989
   
$
-
   
$
12,989
   
$
-
 
State and political subdivisions
   
1,858
     
-
     
1,858
     
-
 
Mortgage-backed securities-residential
   
7,533
     
-
     
7,533
     
-
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multi-family
   
41,919
     
-
     
41,919
     
-
 
Asset-backed securities
   
16
     
16
     
-
     
-
 
Corporate debt securities
   
5,176
     
5,176
     
-
     
-
 
Equity securities
   
153
     
153
     
-
     
-
 
Securities available for sale
 
$
69,644
   
$
5,345
   
$
64,299
   
$
-
 

Certain investments that are actively traded and have quoted market prices have been classified as Level 1 valuations.  Other available-for-sale investment securities have been valued by reference to prices for similar securities or through model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable and, therefore, such valuations have been classified as Level 2.

In addition to disclosures of the fair value of assets on a recurring basis, FASB ASC Topic on “Fair Value Measurement” requires disclosures for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, such as impaired assets, in the period in which a re-measurement at fair value is performed.  Loans are generally not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Periodically, the Company records nonrecurring adjustments to the carrying value of loans based on fair value measurements for partial charge-offs of the uncollectible portions of those loans. Nonrecurring adjustments also include certain impairment amounts for collateral-dependent loans calculated as required by the “Receivables –Loan Impairment” subtopic of the FASB ASC when establishing the allowance for credit losses.  Impaired loans are those loans for which the Company has re-measured impairment generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral supporting the loan and, as a result, the carrying value of the loan less the calculated valuation amount may not necessarily represent the actual fair value of the loan. Real estate collateral is typically valued using independent appraisals or other indications of value based on recent comparable sales of similar properties or assumptions generally observable in the marketplace and the related nonrecurring fair value measurement adjustments have generally been classified as Level 3. Estimates of fair value used for other collateral supporting commercial loans generally are based on assumptions not observable in the marketplace and therefore such valuations have been classified as Level 3.

22

 
 
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
(In thousands)
 
Fair Value
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
March 31, 2014
 
   
   
   
 
Impaired loans
 
$
2,942
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
2,942
 
 
                               
June 30, 2013
                               
Impaired loans
 
$
5,460
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
5,460
 

The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and for which Level 3 inputs were utilized to determine fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation Technique
Unobservable Input
 
Range
   
Weighted Average
 
March 31, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Impaired Loans
 
$
2,942
 
Appraisal of collateral(1)
Appraisal adjustments(2)
   
0.00%-38.85
%
   
17.64
%
 
       
   
Liquidation expenses(3)
   
0.00%-10.00
%
   
4.95
%
June 30, 2013
       
 
 
               
Impaired Loans
 
$
5,460
 
Appraisal of collateral(1)
Appraisal adjustments(2)
   
4.00%-41.74
%
   
23.98
%
 
       
   
Liquidation expenses(3)
   
3.49%-9.52
%
   
5.86
%

(1)
Fair value is generally determined through independent third-party appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally includes various Level 3 inputs which are not observable.
(2)
Appraisals may be adjusted downwards by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions.  Higher downward adjustments are caused by negative changes to the collateral or conditions in the real estate market, actual offers or sales contracts received or age of the appraisal.
(3)
Appraisals may be adjusted downwards by management for qualitative factors such as the estimated costs to liquidate the collateral.

At March 31, 2014, loans subject to nonrecurring fair value measurement had a recorded investment of $3.7 million with related allowances of $805,000.  At June 30, 2013, loans subject to nonrecurring fair value measurement had a recorded investment of $6.6 million with related allowances of $1.2 million. No other financial assets or liabilities were re-measured during the year on a nonrecurring basis.

The carrying amounts reported in the statements of financial condition for cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest receivable and accrued interest payable approximate their fair values.  Fair values of securities are based on quoted market prices (Level 1), where available, or matrix pricing (Level 2), which is a mathematical technique, used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices.  The carrying amount of Federal Home Loan Bank stock approximates fair value due to its restricted nature.  Fair values for variable rate loans that reprice frequently, with no significant credit risk, are based on carrying value.  Fair value for fixed rate loans are estimated using discounted cash flows and interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality.  Fair values disclosed for demand and savings deposits are equal to carrying amounts at the reporting date.  The carrying amounts for variable rate money market deposits approximate fair values at the reporting date.  Fair values for fixed rate certificates of deposit are estimated using discounted cash flows and interest rates currently being offered in the market on similar certificates.  Fair value for Federal Home Loan Bank long term borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flows and interest rates currently being offered on similar borrowings.  The carrying value of short-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings approximates its fair value.

The fair value of commitments to extend credit is estimated based on an analysis of the interest rates and fees currently charged to enter into similar transactions, considering the remaining terms of the commitments and the credit-worthiness of the potential borrowers.  At March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013, the estimated fair values of these off-balance sheet financial instruments were immaterial, and are therefore excluded from the table below.
23

The carrying amounts and estimated fair value of financial instruments are as follows:

(In thousands)
 
March 31, 2014
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Carrying Amount
   
Fair Value
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
55,599
   
$
55,599
   
$
55,599
   
$
-
   
$
-
 
Long term certificate of deposit
   
250
     
250
     
250
     
-
     
-
 
Securities available for sale
   
51,280
     
51,280
     
5,357
     
45,923
     
-
 
Securities held to maturity
   
177,089
     
176,303
     
-
     
176,303
     
-
 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
   
1,383
     
1,383
     
-
     
1,383
     
-
 
Net loans
   
392,480
     
398,252
     
-
     
-
     
398,252
 
Accrued interest receivable
   
2,967
     
2,967
     
-
     
2,967
     
-
 
Deposits
   
621,238
     
621,365
     
-
     
621,365
     
-
 
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
   
14,500
     
14,157
     
-
     
14,157
     
-
 
Accrued interest payable
   
66
     
66
     
-
     
66
     
-
 

(In thousands)
 
June 30, 2013
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Carrying Amount
   
Fair Value
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
6,222
   
$
6,222
   
$
6,222
   
$
-
   
$
-
 
Long term certificate of deposit
   
250
     
250
     
250
     
-
     
-
 
Securities available for sale
   
69,644
     
69,644
     
5,345
     
64,299
     
-
 
Securities held to maturity
   
176,519
     
177,660
     
-
     
177,660
     
-
 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
   
1,388
     
1,388
     
-
     
1,388
     
-
 
Net loans
   
359,426
     
367,377
     
-
     
-
     
367,377
 
Accrued interest receivable
   
2,663
     
2,663
     
-
     
2,663
     
-
 
Deposits
   
558,439
     
558,517
     
-
     
558,517
     
-
 
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
   
14,600
     
14,378
     
-
     
14,378
     
-
 
Accrued interest payable
   
55
     
55
     
-
     
55
     
-
 

(7)
Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted earnings per share is computed in a manner similar to that of basic earnings per share except that the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding is increased to include the number of incremental common shares that would have been outstanding under the treasury stock method if all potentially dilutive common shares (such as stock options) issued became vested during the period.  There were no anti-dilutive securities or contracts outstanding during the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

 
 
Net Income
   
Weighted Average Number Of
 Shares Outstanding
   
Earnings per Share
 
 
 
   
   
 
Nine months ended March 31, 2014
 
$
4,975,000
   
   
 
Basic
           
4,203,350
   
$
1.18
 
Effect of dilutive stock options
           
36,307
     
(0.01
)
Diluted
           
4,239,657
   
$
1.17
 
 
                       
Nine months ended March 31, 2013
 
$
4,970,000
                 
Basic
           
4,185,707
   
$
1.19
 
Effect of dilutive stock options
           
39,107
     
(0.01
)
Diluted
           
4,224,814
   
$
1.18
 
 
                       
Three months ended March 31, 2014
 
$
1,496,000
                 
Basic
           
4,211,531
   
$
0.36
 
Effect of dilutive stock options
           
31,867
     
(0.01
)
Diluted
           
4,243,398
   
$
0.35
 
 
                       
Three months ended March 31, 2013
 
$
1,537,000
                 
Basic
           
4,187,671
   
$
0.37
 
Effect of dilutive stock options
           
39,495
     
(0.01
)
Diluted
           
4,227,166
   
$
0.36
 

24

(8)
Dividends

On January 21, 2014, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend for the quarter ended December 31, 2013 of $0.175 per share.  The dividend, which reflected an annual cash dividend rate of $0.70 cents per share, was unchanged from the dividend declared during the previous quarter. The dividend was payable to stockholders of record as of February 14, 2014, and was paid on February 28, 2014.  Historically, Greene County Bancorp, MHC has waived its right to receive dividends declared on its shares of the Company’s common stock.  As a result of the Dodd-Frank Act, the Federal Reserve Board adopted interim final regulations that imposed significant conditions and restrictions on the ability of mutual holding companies to waive the receipt of dividends from their subsidiaries. Consequently, the MHC could not waive its right to receive dividends for the quarters ended September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2012.   The Federal Reserve Board requires that the MHC obtain approval of its members and receive the non-objection of the Federal Reserve Board to continue to waive dividends for the twelve months subsequent to the approval.  The approval to waive the dividend was obtained from the members of the MHC at the special meeting of members held on February 19, 2013, and the non-objection of the Federal Reserve Board for such dividend waiver was also received.  Accordingly, dividends were waived to Greene County Bancorp, MHC on all subsequent declaration dates through February 19, 2014.

A special meeting of members of the MHC was held on February 18, 2014 to vote on a proposal for the MHC to continue to waive its right to receive annual dividends declared by Greene County Bancorp, Inc. for the 12 months subsequent to the approval of this proposal.  This proposal was approved at the special meeting, and the MHC has received the Federal Reserve Board’s non-objection to the dividend waiver through February 18, 2015.  Greene County Bancorp, MHC’s ability to waive dividends beyond this date cannot be reasonably determined at this time.

(9)
Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an amendment to its guidance on “Receivables – Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors (Subtopic 310-40): Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure”.  This Update has been issued to clarify when an in substance repossession or foreclosure occurs, that is, when a creditor should be considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan such that the loan receivable should be derecognized and the real estate property recognized. An entity can elect to adopt the amendments in this Update using either a modified retrospective transition method or a prospective transition method. The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2014. Early adoption is permitted.  The adoption of these amendments is not expected to have an effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.

(10)
Employee Benefit Plans

Defined Benefit Plan

The components of net periodic pension cost related to the defined benefit pension plan for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:

 
 
Nine months ended
March 31,
   
Three months ended
March 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2014
   
2013
   
2014
   
2013
 
Interest cost
 
$
168
   
$
134
   
$
56
   
$
45
 
Expected return on plan assets
   
(237
)
   
(153
)
   
(79
)
   
(51
)
Amortization of net loss
   
69
     
57
     
23
     
19
 
Net periodic pension cost
 
$
-
   
$
38
   
$
-
   
$
13
 

The Company does not anticipate that it will make any additional contributions to the defined benefit pension plan during the fiscal year 2014.
25

SERP

The Board of Directors of The Bank of Greene County adopted The Bank of Greene County Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (the “SERP Plan”), effective as of July 1, 2010. The SERP Plan benefits certain key senior executives of the Bank who are selected by the Board to participate.

The SERP Plan provides a benefit to the participating executives from the Bank upon retirement, death or disability or voluntary or involuntary termination of service (other than “for cause”). Accordingly, the SERP Plan obligates the Bank to make a contribution to each executive’s account on the first business day of each July and permits each executive to defer up to 50% of his or her base salary and 100% of his or her annual bonus to the SERP Plan, subject to the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code (“Code”). In addition, the Bank may, but is not required to, make additional discretionary contributions to the executives’ accounts from time to time. An executive becomes vested in the Bank’s contributions after 10 calendar years of service following the effective date of the SERP Plan, and is fully vested immediately for all deferral of salary and bonus. However, the Executive will vest in the present value of his or her account in the event of death, disability or a change in control of the Bank or the Company. In the event the executive is terminated involuntarily or resigns for good reason following a change in control, the present value of all remaining Bank contributions is accelerated and paid to the executive’s account, subject to potential reduction to avoid an excess parachute payment under Code Section 280G. In the event of the executive’s death, disability or termination within two years after a change in control, executive’s account will be paid in a lump sum to the executive or his beneficiary, as applicable. In the event executive is entitled to a benefit from the SERP Plan due to retirement or other termination of employment, the benefit will be paid in 10 annual installments.

The net periodic pension costs related to the SERP Plan for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 were $88,000 and $30,000, respectively, consisting primarily of service costs and interest costs. The net periodic pension costs related to the SERP Plan for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2013 were $71,000 and $24,000, respectively, consisting primarily of service costs and interest costs. The total liability for the SERP Plan was $802,000 and $595,200 as of March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013, respectively.

(11)
Stock-Based Compensation

At March 31, 2014, Greene County Bancorp, Inc. had two stock-based compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 10 of the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013.

Stock Option Plan

At March 31, 2014 and 2013, all granted shares related to the 2008 Option Plan were fully vested, with no remaining compensation cost to be recognized.

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information for its option plan for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 is as follows:
 
 
 
2014
   
2013
 
 
 
   
Weighted Average
   
   
Weighted Average
 
 
 
   
Exercise
   
   
Exercise
 
 
 
   
Price
   
   
Price
 
 
 
Shares
   
Per Share
   
Shares
   
Per Share
 
Outstanding at beginning of year
   
87,400
   
$
12.50
     
103,700
   
$
12.50
 
Exercised
   
(27,965
)
 
$
12.50
     
(9,000
)
 
$
12.50
 
Outstanding at period end
   
59,435
   
$
12.50
     
94,700
   
$
12.50
 
 
                               
Exercisable at period end
   
59,435
   
$
12.50
     
94,700
   
$
12.50
 

The following table presents stock options outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2014:

Options Outstanding and Exercisable
 
Range of Exercise Prices
   
Number Outstanding
   
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
$
12.50
     
59,435
     
4.50
   
$
12.50
 

The total intrinsic value of the options exercised during the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 was approximately $378,000 and $71,000, respectively.  The total intrinsic value of the options exercised during the nine and three months ended March 31, 2013 was approximately $66,000 and $47,000, respectively. There were no stock options granted during the nine or three months ended March 31, 2014 or 2013.  All outstanding options were fully vested at March 31, 2014 or 2013.
26

Phantom Stock Option Plan and Long-term Incentive Plan

The Greene County Bancorp, Inc. 2011 Phantom Stock Option and Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) was adopted effective July 1, 2011, to promote the long-term financial success of the Company and its subsidiaries by providing a means to attract, retain and reward individuals who contribute to such success and to further align their interests with those of the Company’s shareholders.  The Plan is intended to provide benefits to employees and directors of the Company or any subsidiary as designated by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (“Committee”).   A total of 900,000 phantom stock options are available for awards under the Plan.  A phantom stock option represents the right to receive a cash payment on the date the award vests. The participant receives an amount equal to the positive difference between the strike price on the grant date and the book value of a share of the Company stock on the determination date, which is the last day of the plan year that is the end of the third plan year after the grant date of the award, unless otherwise specified by the Committee.  The strike price will be the price established by the Committee, which will not be less than 100% of the book value of a share on a specified date, as determined under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) as of the last day of the quarter ending on or immediately preceding the valuation date with adjustments made, in the sole discretion of the Committee, to exclude accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).  During the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, phantom stock options totaling 227,330 and 243,473, respectively, were awarded under the Plan.  The Company recognized $546,800 and $106,800 in compensation costs related to the Plan during the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.    The Company recognized $207,000 and $0 in compensation costs related to the Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.


(12)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013 are presented in the following table:

(In thousands)
 
   
 
 
 
March 31, 2014
   
June 30, 2013
 
Unrealized gain on available for sale securities, net of tax
 
$
287
   
$
441
 
Unrealized loss on securities transferred to held to maturity, net of tax
   
(346
)
   
(15
)
Net losses and past service liability for defined benefit plan, net of tax
   
(1,176
)
   
(1,176
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
$
(1,235
)
 
$
(750
)

(13)
Subsequent events

In addition to the dividend discussed in Note 8, on April 15, 2014, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 of $0.175 per share.  The dividend reflects an annual cash dividend rate of $0.70 per share, which was the same as the dividend declared during the previous quarter.  The dividend will be payable to stockholders of record as of May 15, 2014, and will be paid on May 30, 2014.  Historically, the MHC has waived its right to receive dividends declared on its shares of the Company’s common stock.  The MHC intends to waive its receipt of the dividend payable on May 30, 2014.  See Note 8 Dividends for further discussion regarding the MHC waiver of dividends.
27

Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation

Overview of the Company’s Activities and Risks

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s results of operations depend primarily on its net interest income, which is the difference between the income earned on Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s loan and securities portfolios and its cost of funds, consisting of the interest paid on deposits and borrowings. Results of operations are also affected by Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s provision for loan losses, gains and losses from sales of securities, noninterest income and noninterest expense.  Noninterest income consists primarily of fees and service charges.  Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s noninterest expense consists principally of compensation and employee benefits, occupancy, equipment and data processing, and other operating expenses. Results of operations are also significantly affected by general economic and competitive conditions, changes in interest rates, as well as government policies and actions of regulatory authorities. Additionally, future changes in applicable law, regulations or government policies may materially affect Greene County Bancorp, Inc.

To operate successfully, the Company must manage various types of risk, including but not limited to, market or interest rate risk, credit risk, transaction risk, liquidity risk, security risk, strategic risk, reputation risk and compliance risk.  While all of these risks are important, the risks of greatest significance to the Company relate to market or interest rate risk and credit risk.

Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and/or interest rates.  Since net interest income (the difference between interest earned on loans and investments and interest paid on deposits and borrowings) is the Company’s primary source of revenue, interest rate risk is the most significant non-credit related market risk to which the Company is exposed.  Net interest income is affected by changes in interest rates as well as fluctuations in the level and duration of the Company’s assets and liabilities.

Interest rate risk is the exposure of the Company’s net interest income to adverse movements in interest rates.  In addition to directly impacting net interest income, changes in interest rates can also affect the amount of new loan originations, the ability of borrowers and debt issuers to repay loans and debt securities, the volume of loan repayments and refinancings, and the flow and mix of deposits.

Credit risk is the risk to the Company’s earnings and shareholders’ equity that results from customers, to whom loans have been made and to the issuers of debt securities in which the Company has invested, failing to repay their obligations.  The magnitude of risk depends on the capacity and willingness of borrowers and debt issuers to repay and the sufficiency of the value of collateral obtained to secure the loans made or investments purchased.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This quarterly report contains forward-looking statements.  Greene County Bancorp, Inc. desires to take advantage of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and is including this statement for the express purpose of availing itself of the protections of the safe harbor with respect to all such forward-looking statements.  These forward-looking statements, which are included in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis and elsewhere in this quarterly report, describe future plans or strategies and include Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s expectations of future financial results.   The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements.  Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s ability to predict results or the effect of future plans or strategies or qualitative or quantitative changes based on market risk exposure is inherently uncertain.  Factors that could affect actual results include but are not limited to:
(a)
changes in general market interest rates,
(b)
general economic conditions, including unemployment rates and real estate values,
(c)
legislative and regulatory changes,
(d)
monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Reserve,
(e)
changes in the quality or composition of The Bank of Greene County’s loan portfolio or the consolidated investment portfolios of The Bank of Greene County and Greene County Bancorp, Inc.,
(f)
deposit flows,
(g)
competition, and
(h)
demand for financial services in Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s market area.

These factors should be considered in evaluating the forward-looking statements, and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements, since results in future periods may differ materially from those currently expected because of various risks and uncertainties.
28

Comparison of Financial Condition as of March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013

ASSETS

Total assets of the Company were $700.5 million at March 31, 2014 as compared to $633.6 million at June 30, 2013, an increase of $66.9 million, or 10.6%.  Securities available for sale and held to maturity amounted to $228.4 million, or 32.6% of assets, at March 31, 2014 as compared to $246.2 million, or 38.9% of assets, at June 30, 2013, a decrease of $17.8 million, or 7.2%.   Net loans grew by $33.1 million, or 9.2%, to $392.5 million at March 31, 2014 as compared to $359.4 million at June 30, 2013.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Total cash and cash equivalents increased $49.4 million to $55.6 million at March 31, 2014 from $6.2 million at June 30, 2013.  The level of cash and cash equivalents is a function of the daily account clearing needs and deposit levels as well as activities associated with securities transactions and loan funding.  All of these items can cause cash levels to fluctuate significantly on a daily basis.

SECURITIES

Securities, including available-for-sale and held-to-maturity issues, decreased $17.8 million, or 7.2%, to $228.4 million at March 31, 2014 as compared to $246.2 million at June 30, 2013.  Securities purchases totaled $13.5 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and consisted of state and political subdivision securities. Principal pay-downs and maturities during the nine months amounted to $29.1 million, of which $11.4 million were mortgage-backed securities, $12.2 million were state and political subdivision securities, and $5.5 million were U.S. Treasury securities. Greene County Bancorp, Inc. held 37.6% of its securities portfolio at March 31, 2014 in state and political subdivision securities to take advantage of tax savings and to promote Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s participation in the communities in which it operates. Mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities held within the portfolio do not contain sub-prime loans and are not exposed to the credit risk associated with such lending.

 
 
March 31, 2014
   
June 30, 2013
 
 
 
   
Percentage
   
   
Percentage
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balance
   
of Portfolio
   
Balance
   
of Portfolio
 
Securities available for sale:
 
   
   
   
 
U.S. government sponsored enterprises
 
$
12,892
     
5.6
%
 
$
12,989
     
5.3
%
State and political subdivisions
   
1,346
     
0.6
     
1,858
     
0.7
 
Mortgage-backed securities-residential
   
5,480
     
2.4
     
7,533
     
3.1
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multifamily
   
26,205
     
11.5
     
41,919
     
17.0
 
Asset-backed securities
   
14
     
0.0
     
16
     
0.0
 
Corporate debt securities
   
5,182
     
2.3
     
5,176
     
2.1
 
Total debt securities
   
51,119
     
22.4
     
69,491
     
28.2
 
Equity securities
   
161
     
0.1
     
153
     
0.1
 
Total securities available for sale
   
51,280
     
22.5
     
69,644
     
28.3
 
Securities held to maturity:
                               
U.S. treasury securities
   
-
     
-
     
5,500
     
2.2
 
U.S. government sponsored enterprises
   
3,000
     
1.3
     
2,999
     
1.2
 
State and political subdivisions
   
84,421
     
37.0
     
82,801
     
33.7
 
Mortgage-backed securities-residential
   
23,948
     
10.5
     
29,077
     
11.8
 
Mortgage-backed securities-multifamily
   
64,742
     
28.3
     
55,086
     
22.4
 
Other securities
   
978
     
0.4
     
1,056
     
0.4
 
Total securities held to maturity
   
177,089
     
77.5
     
176,519
     
71.7
 
Total securities
 
$
228,369
     
100.0
%
 
$
246,163
     
100.0
%

During the nine months ended March 31, 2014, $11.7 million of securities available-for-sale were transferred to held-to-maturity and included primarily mortgage-backed securities.  These securities were transferred at fair value which reflected a net unrealized loss of $805,000.  This unrealized loss is being accreted to other comprehensive income over the remaining average lives of these securities.

During the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014, there were no sales of securities and no gains or losses were recognized.  During the nine months ended March 31, 2013, a gain on sale of $10,000 was recognized on a security that was previously written off as other-than-temporarily impaired.  There were no sales of securities and no gains or losses recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2013. There was no other-than-temporary impairment loss recognized during the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

29

LOANS

Net loans receivable increased $33.1 million, or 9.2%, to $392.5 million at March 31, 2014 from $359.4 million at June 30, 2013.  The loan growth experienced during the nine months consisted primarily of $16.5 million in nonresidential real estate loans, $13.8 million in residential mortgage loans, and $4.6 million in commercial loans, and was partially offset by a $1.4 million decrease in multi-family mortgage loans and a $468,000 decrease in construction loans.  The continued low interest rate environment and we believe strong customer satisfaction from personal service continued to enhance loan growth.    If long term rates begin to rise, the Company anticipates some slowdown in new loan demand as well as refinancing activities.  The Bank of Greene County continues to use a conservative underwriting policy in regard to all loan originations, and does not engage in sub-prime lending or other exotic loan products.  A significant decline in home values, however, in the Company’s markets could have a negative effect on the consolidated results of operations, as any such decline in home values would likely lead to a decrease in residential real estate loans and new home equity loan originations and increased delinquencies and defaults in both the consumer home equity loan and the residential real estate loan portfolios and result in increased losses in these portfolios.  Updated appraisals are obtained on loans when there is a reason to believe that there has been a change in the borrower’s ability to repay the loan principal and interest, generally, when a loan is in a delinquent status.  Additionally, if an existing loan is to be modified or refinanced, generally, an appraisal is ordered to ensure continued collateral adequacy.

(Dollars in thousands)
 
March 31, 2014
   
June 30, 2013
 
Real estate mortgages:
 
Balance
   
Percentage of Portfolio
   
Balance
   
Percentage of Portfolio
 
Residential mortgage
 
$
226,310
     
56.8
%
 
$
212,526
     
58.1
%
Nonresidential mortgage
   
108,004
     
27.1
     
91,482
     
25.0
 
Construction and land
   
5,746
     
1.4
     
6,214
     
1.7
 
Multi-family
   
4,112
     
1.0
     
5,511
     
1.5
 
Total real estate mortgages
   
344,172
     
86.3
     
315,733
     
86.3
 
Home equity
   
20,493
     
5.1
     
20,371
     
5.6
 
Consumer installment
   
4,078
     
1.0
     
4,078
     
1.1
 
Commercial loans
   
30,264
     
7.6
     
25,657
     
7.0
 
Total gross loans
   
399,007
     
100.0
%
   
365,839
     
100.0
%
Deferred fees and costs
   
814
             
627
         
Allowance for loan losses
   
(7,341
)
           
(7,040
)
       
Total net loans
 
$
392,480
           
$
359,426
         

ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses based on management’s evaluation of the risk inherent in the loan portfolio, the composition of the loan portfolio, specific impaired loans and current economic conditions.  Such evaluation, which includes a review of certain identified loans on which full collectability may not be reasonably assured, considers among other matters, the estimated net realizable value or the fair value of the underlying collateral, economic conditions, payment status of the loan, historical loan loss experience and other factors that warrant recognition in providing for an allowance for loan loss.  In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review The Bank of Greene County’s allowance for loan losses.  Such agencies may require The Bank of Greene County to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examination.  The Bank of Greene County considers residential mortgages, home equity loans and installment loans to customers as small, homogeneous loans, which are evaluated for impairment collectively based on historical loss experience.  Commercial mortgage and business loans are viewed individually and considered impaired if it is probable that The Bank of Greene County will not be able to collect scheduled payments of principal and interest when due, according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements.  The measurement of impaired loans is generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.  The allowance for loan losses is increased by a provision for loan losses (which results in a charge to expense) and recoveries of loans previously charged off and is reduced by charge-offs.  Generally, consumer loans and smaller business loans (not secured by real estate) in excess of 90 days are charged-off against the allowance for loan losses, unless equitable arrangements are made.   For loans secured by real estate, a charge-off is recorded when it is determined that the collection of all or a portion of a loan may not be collected and the amount of that loss can be reasonably estimated.

30

Analysis of allowance for loan losses activity

 
 
At or for the nine months ended March 31,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2014
   
2013
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
 
$
7,040
   
$
6,177
 
Charge-offs:
               
Residential real estate mortgages
   
344
     
286
 
Nonresidential mortgage
   
87
     
139
 
Multi-family
   
24
     
-
 
Home equity
   
44
     
-
 
Consumer installment
   
171
     
201
 
Commercial loans
   
205
     
15
 
Total loans charged off
   
875
     
641
 
 
               
Recoveries:
               
Residential real estate mortgages
   
1
     
-
 
Multi-family
   
7
     
-
 
Consumer installment
   
55
     
70
 
Commercial loans
   
4
     
-
 
Total recoveries
   
67
     
70
 
 
               
Net charge-offs
   
808
     
571
 
 
               
Provisions charged to operations
   
1,109
     
1,316
 
Balance at the end of the period
 
$
7,341
   
$
6,922
 
 
               
Net charge-offs to average loans outstanding
   
0.43
%
   
0.22
%
Net charge-offs to nonperforming assets
   
23.80
%
   
10.18
%
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans
   
120.74
%
   
98.31
%
Allowance for loan losses to total loans receivable
   
1.84
%
   
1.94
%

Nonaccrual Loans and Nonperforming Assets

Management generally places loans on nonaccrual status once the loans have become 90 days or more delinquent or sooner if there is a significant reason for management to believe the collectability is questionable and, therefore, interest on the loan will no longer be recognized on an accrual basis.    The Company identifies impaired loans and measures the impairment in accordance with FASB ASC subtopic “Receivables – Loan Impairment.”  Management may consider a loan impaired once it is classified as nonaccrual and when it is probable that the borrower will be unable to repay the loan according to the original contractual terms of the loan agreement or the loan is restructured in a troubled debt restructuring.  It should be noted that management does not evaluate all loans individually for impairment.  The Bank of Greene County considers residential mortgages, home equity loans and installment loans as small homogeneous loans, which are evaluated for impairment collectively based on historical loan experience and other factors.  In contrast, large commercial mortgage, construction, multi-family and business loans are viewed individually and considered impaired if it is probable that The Bank of Greene County will not be able to collect scheduled payments of principal and interest when due, according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  The measurement of impaired loans is generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.  The majority of The Bank of Greene County loans, including most nonaccrual loans, are small homogenous loan types adequately supported by collateral.  Management considers the payment status of loans in the process of evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses among other factors.  Loans that are either delinquent a minimum of 60 days or are on nonaccrual status, and are not individually considered impaired, are either designated as Special Mention or Substandard, and the allocation of the allowance for loan loss is based upon the risk associated with such designation.  For further discussion and detail regarding the Allowance for Loan Losses and impaired loans please refer to Note (5) Credit Quality of Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses. A loan does not have to be 90 days delinquent in order to be classified as nonperforming.  Foreclosed real estate is considered to be a nonperforming asset.

31

Analysis of Nonaccrual Loans and Nonperforming Assets
 
(Dollars in thousands)
At March 31,
 2014
At June
30, 2013
Nonaccrual loans:
 
 
 
 
Residential
 
$
3,319
 
 
$
3,599
 
Nonresidential
   
1,937
 
   
2,018
 
Multi-family
   
-
 
   
463
 
Home equity loans
   
243
 
   
51
 
Consumer installment
   
1
 
   
-
 
Commercial loans
   
311
 
   
195
 
Total nonaccrual loans
   
5,811
 
   
6,326
 
90 days & accruing
     
 
       
Residential
   
269
 
   
559
 
Total 90 days & accruing
   
269
 
   
559
 
Real Estate Owned:
     
 
       
Residential
   
571
 
   
100
 
Nonresidential
   
145
 
   
196
 
Total real estate owned
   
716
 
   
296
 
Total nonperforming assets
 
$
6,796
 
 
$
7,181
 
 
     
 
       
Troubled debt restructurings:
     
 
       
Nonperforming (included above)
 
$
2,051
 
 
$
1,518
 
Performing (accruing and excluded above)
   
2,597
 
   
1,261
 
 
     
 
       
Total nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets
   
0.97
%
   
1.13
%
Total nonperforming loans to net loans
   
1.55
%
   
1.92
%

The table below details additional information related to nonaccrual loans for the nine and three months ended March 31:

 
 
For the nine months
ended March 31,
   
For the three months
ended March 31
 
(In thousands)
 
2014
   
2013
   
2014
   
2013
 
Interest income that would have been recorded if loans had been performing in accordance with original terms
 
$
389
   
$
398
   
$
181
   
$
123
 
Interest income that was recorded on nonaccrual loans
   
92
     
180
     
28
     
54
 

The Company identifies impaired loans and measures the impairment in accordance with FASB ASC subtopic “Receivables – Loan Impairment”.  A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the borrower will be unable to repay the loan according to the original contractual terms of the loan agreement or the loan is restructured in a troubled debt restructuring.

The table below details additional information on impaired loans as of the dates indicated:
(In thousands)
 
March 31, 2014
   
June 30, 2013
 
Balance of impaired loans, with a valuation allowance
 
$
6,692
   
$
6,051
 
Allowances relating to impaired loans included in allowance for loan losses
   
1,061
     
1,179
 
Balance of impaired loans, without a valuation allowance
   
748
     
1,635
 

 
 
For the nine months ended March 31,
   
For the three months ended March 31
 
(In thousands)
 
2014
   
2013
   
2014
   
2013
 
Average balance of impaired loans for the periods ended
 
$
7,624
   
$
7,845
   
$
7,236
   
$
7,808
 
Interest income recorded on impaired loans during the periods ended
   
156
     
258
     
51
     
76
 


32

Nonperforming assets amounted to $6.8 million at March 31, 2014 and $7.2 million as of June 30, 2013, a decrease of approximately $385,000 or 5.4%, and total impaired loans amounted to $7.4 million at March 31, 2014 compared to $7.7 million at June 30, 2013, a decrease of $246,000 or 3.2%.  The decrease in nonperforming assets resulted from an increase in the level of charge-off activity during the period which totaled $875,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2014, loans returned to performing status of $201,000 and the payoff of $1.8 million in nonperforming loans.  This activity was partially offset by the addition of $2.7 million in loans being added to nonperforming status during the nine months ended March 31, 2014.    Loans on nonaccrual status totaled $5.8 million at March 31, 2014 of which $3.7 million were in the process of foreclosure.  Included in nonaccrual loans were $2.2 million of loans which were less than 90 days past due at March 31, 2014, but have a recent history of delinquency greater than 90 days past due.   These loans will be returned to accrual status once they have demonstrated a history of timely payments.  Included in total loans past due were $1.0 million of loans which were making payments pursuant to forbearance agreements. Under the forbearance agreements, the customers have made arrangements with the Bank to bring the loans current over a specified period of time (resulting in an insignificant delay in repayment).  During this term of the forbearance agreement, the Bank has agreed not to continue foreclosure proceedings.  While the Bank makes every reasonable effort to work with the borrowers to collect amounts due, the number of loans in process of foreclosure has grown substantially over the past several years.  The growth in nonperforming assets is also due in part to the extended length of time required to meet all of the legal requirements mandated by New York State law prior to a foreclosure sale, which may be in excess of two years.

DEPOSITS

Total deposits increased $62.8 million, or 11.2%, to $621.2 million at March 31, 2014 from $558.4 million at June 30, 2013.  The growth in deposits was primarily in NOW deposits, noninterest bearing checking and money market products.  Noninterest bearing deposits increased $4.2 million, or 7.3%, NOW deposits increased $45.1 million, or 22.7%, and money market deposits increased $15.2 million, or 17.7%, when comparing March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013, resulting from an increase in municipal deposits of $47.3 million.  During the three months ended March 31, 2014, municipalities received funds from both tax collection and state funding. These deposits tend to fluctuate throughout the year based on tax collection dates and the usage of these assessments by the municipalities during their fiscal year.  The Company has strategically maintained a complementary mix of municipalities with differing fiscal year end dates, and closely monitors the cash flows of these municipal accounts to ensure adequate liquidity. At March 31, 2014, municipal deposits comprised 31.8% of total deposits.  Savings deposits also increased during the nine months ended March 31, 2014 by $4.3 million.  Partially offsetting these increases was a decrease in certificates of deposits of $5.9 million, or 10.5%, to $50.3 million at March 31, 2014 from $56.2 million at June 30, 2013. With the continued low interest rate environment, certificates of deposit continue to decline.

(In thousands)
 
At March 31, 2014
   
Percentage of Portfolio
   
At June 30, 2013
   
Percentage of Portfolio
 
Noninterest bearing deposits
 
$
62,124
     
10.0
%
 
$
57,926
     
10.4
%
Certificates of deposit
   
50,278
     
8.1
     
56,181
     
10.1
 
Savings deposits
   
164,260
     
26.5
     
160,004
     
28.6
 
Money market deposits
   
100,853
     
16.2
     
85,685
     
15.3
 
NOW deposits
   
243,723
     
39.2
     
198,643
     
35.6
 
Total deposits
 
$
621,238
     
100.0
%
 
$
558,439
     
100.0
%

BORROWINGS

During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company entered into an Irrevocable Letter of Credit Reimbursement Agreement with the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”), whereby upon The Bank of Greene County’s request, on behalf of Greene County Commercial Bank, an irrevocable letter of credit is issued to secure municipal transactional deposit accounts.   At March 31, 2014, The Bank of Greene County had pledged approximately $204.8 million of its residential mortgage portfolio as collateral for borrowing and stand-by letters of credit at the FHLB.   The maximum amount of funding available from the FHLB was $165.1 million at March 31, 2014, of which $14.5 million in long-term borrowings and $5.1 million in stand-by letters of credit were outstanding at March 31, 2014.  There were no short term borrowings outstanding at March 31, 2014.   Interest rates on short term borrowings are determined at the time of borrowing.  Long-term borrowings consisted of fixed rate, fixed term advances with a weighted average rate of 1.45% and a weighted average maturity of 51 months.  The Bank has recently increased its level of long-term borrowing to strengthen its overall interest rate risk position, to help mitigate the potential negative impact of rising interest rates.

The Bank also pledges securities as collateral at the Federal Reserve Bank discount window for overnight borrowings.  At March 31, 2014, approximately $5.2 million of collateral was available to be pledged against potential borrowings at the Federal Reserve Bank discount window.  There were no balances outstanding with the Federal Reserve Bank at March 31, 2014.

33

The Bank of Greene County has established unsecured lines of credit with Atlantic Central Bankers Bank and another depository institution for $6.0 million and $5.0 million, respectively.  These lines of credit provide for overnight borrowing and the interest rate is determined at the time of the borrowing.  At March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013 there were no balances outstanding on either of these lines of credit, and there was no activity during the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

Scheduled maturities of term borrowings at March 31, 2014 were as follows:
 
(In thousands)
 
 
Fiscal year end
 
 
2017
   
2,500
 
2018
   
4,500
 
Due after 2018
   
7,500
 
 
 
$
14,500
 

EQUITY

Shareholders’ equity increased to $59.8 million at March 31, 2014 from $56.1 million at June 30, 2013, as net income of $5.0 million was partially offset by dividends declared and paid of $1.0 million, and a $485,000 increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss.  Other changes in equity, totaling a $199,000 increase, were the result of options exercised with the Company’s 2008 Stock Option Plan.
34

Comparison of Operating Results for the Nine and Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013

Average Balance Sheet

The following table sets forth certain information relating to Greene County Bancorp, Inc. for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.  For the periods indicated, the total dollar amount of interest income from average interest earning assets and the resultant yields, as well as the interest expense on average interest bearing liabilities, are expressed both in dollars and rates.  No tax equivalent adjustments were made.  Average balances were based on daily averages.  Average loan balances include non-performing loans.  The loan yields include net amortization of certain deferred fees and costs that are considered adjustments to yields.

Nine Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013

 
 
 
 
 
2014
   
 
   
 
 
 
2013
   
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Average
Outstanding
Balance
 
 
Interest
 Earned /
Paid
   
Average
 Yield /
 Rate
   
Average
 Outstanding
Balance
 
 
Interest
 Earned /
Paid
   
Average
Yield /
Rate
 
Interest Earning Assets:
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
Loans receivable, net1
 
$
385,390
 
 
$
13,790
     
4.77
%
 
$
346,903
 
 
$
13,693
     
5.26
%
Securities2
   
237,263
 
   
3,884
     
2.18
     
233,344
 
   
4,458
     
2.55
 
Interest bearing bank balances and federal funds
   
8,603
 
   
17
     
0.26
     
11,996
 
   
28
     
0.30
 
FHLB stock
   
1,427
 
   
40
     
3.74
     
1,283
 
   
44
     
4.57
 
Total interest earning assets
   
632,683
 
   
17,731
     
3.74
%
   
593,526
 
   
18,223
     
4.09
%
Cash and due from banks
   
6,854
 
                   
7,828
 
               
Allowance for loan losses
   
(7,044
 
                   
(6,554
 
               
Other non-interest earning assets
   
17,809
 
                   
18,023
 
               
Total assets
 
$
650,302
 
                 
$
612,823
 
               
 
     
 
                     
 
               
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
     
 
                     
 
               
Savings and money market deposits
 
$
250,520
 
 
$
699
     
0.37
%
 
$
230,398
 
 
$
840
     
0.49
%
NOW deposits
   
212,754
 
   
693
     
0.43
     
196,824
 
   
744
     
0.50
 
Certificates of deposit
   
52,035
 
   
255
     
0.65
     
66,112
 
   
390
     
0.79
 
Borrowings
   
15,477
 
   
113
     
0.97
     
10,760
 
   
183
     
2.27
 
Total interest bearing liabilities
   
530,786
 
   
1,760
     
0.44
%
   
504,094
 
   
2,157
     
0.57
%
Non-interest bearing deposits
   
58,722
 
                   
50,869
 
               
Other non-interest bearing liabilities
   
3,088
 
                   
3,667
 
               
Shareholders' equity
   
57,706
 
                   
54,193
 
               
Total liabilities and equity
 
$
650,302
 
                 
$
612,823
 
               
 
     
 
                     
 
               
Net interest income
     
 
 
$
15,971
               
 
 
$
16,066
         
Net interest rate spread
     
 
           
3.30
%
     
 
           
3.52
%
Net earnings assets
 
$
101,897
 
                 
$
89,432
 
               
Net interest margin
     
 
           
3.38
%
     
 
           
3.61
%
Average interest earning assets to average interest bearing liabilities
   
119.20
%
                   
117.74
%
               



1Calculated net of deferred loan fees and costs, loan discounts, and loans in process.
2Includes tax-free securities, mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities.
35

Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013

 
 
 
 
 
2014
   
 
   
 
 
 
2013
   
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Average
Outstanding
 Balance
 
 
Interest
 Earned /
Paid
   
Average
Yield /
Rate
   
Average
Outstanding
 Balance
 
 
Interest
Earned /
Paid
   
Average
Yield /
Rate
 
Interest Earning Assets:
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
Loans receivable, net1
 
$
396,162
 
 
$
4,666
     
4.71
%
 
$
354,451
 
 
$
4,525
     
5.11
%
Securities2
   
229,929
 
   
1,263
     
2.20
     
241,317
 
   
1,441
     
2.39
 
Interest bearing bank balances and federal funds
   
17,681
 
   
9
     
0.20
     
11,292
 
   
6
     
0.21
 
FHLB stock
   
1,591
 
   
16
     
4.02
     
1,195
 
   
13
     
4.35
 
Total interest earning assets
   
645,363
 
   
5,954
     
3.69
%
   
608,255
 
   
5,985
     
3.93
%
Cash and due from banks
   
7,873
 
                   
7,374
 
               
Allowance for loan losses
   
(7,189
 
                   
(6,833
 
               
Other non-interest earning assets
   
19,661
 
                   
18,672
 
               
Total assets
 
$
665,708
 
                 
$
627,468
 
               
 
     
 
                     
 
               
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
     
 
                     
 
               
Savings and money market deposits
 
$
250,886
 
 
$
229
     
0.36
%
 
$
242,978
 
 
$
279
     
0.46
%
NOW deposits
   
221,867
 
   
239
     
0.43
     
202,187
 
   
246
     
0.49
 
Certificates of deposit
   
50,231
 
   
80
     
0.64
     
62,712
 
   
112
     
0.71
 
Borrowings
   
19,110
 
   
52
     
1.09
     
8,790
 
   
44
     
2.00
 
Total interest bearing liabilities
   
542,094
 
   
600
     
0.44
%
   
516,667
 
   
681
     
0.53
%
Non-interest bearing deposits
   
59,625
 
                   
51,506
 
               
Other non-interest bearing liabilities
   
4,945
 
                   
4,085
 
               
Shareholders' equity
   
59,044
 
                   
55,210
 
               
Total liabilities and equity
 
$
665,708
 
                 
$
627,468
 
               
 
     
 
                     
 
               
Net interest income
     
 
 
$
5,354
               
 
 
$
5,304
         
Net interest rate spread
     
 
           
3.25
%
     
 
           
3.40
%
Net earnings assets
 
$
103,269
 
                 
$
91,588
 
               
Net interest margin
     
 
           
3.32
%
     
 
           
3.49
%
Average interest earning assets to average interest bearing liabilities
   
119.05
 %
                   
117.73
%
               

                                                                                          


1Calculated net of deferred loan fees and costs, loan discounts, and loans in process.
2Includes tax-free securities, mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities.
36

Rate / Volume Analysis

The following table presents the extent to which changes in interest rates and changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities have affected Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s interest income and interest expense during the periods indicated.  Information is provided in each category with respect to:
(i)
Change attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate);
(ii)
Change attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume); and
(iii)
The net change.
 
The changes attributable to the combined impact of volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to the changes due to volume and the changes due to rate.

 
 
Nine Months Ended March 31,
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2014 versus 2013
   
2014 versus 2013
 
 
 
Increase/(Decrease)
   
Total
   
Increase/(Decrease)
   
Total
 
 
 
Due To
   
Increase/
   
Due To
   
Increase/
 
 
 
Volume
   
Rate
   
(Decrease)
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
(Decrease)
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
Interest Earning Assets:
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
Loans receivable, net1
 
$
1,439
   
$
(1,342
)
 
$
97
   
$
510
   
$
(369
)
 
$
141
 
Securities2
   
75
     
(649
)
   
(574
)
   
(66
)
   
(112
)
   
(178
)
Interest bearing bank balances and federal funds
   
(7
)
   
(4
)
   
(11
)
   
3
     
(0
)
   
3
 
FHLB stock
   
5
     
(9
)
   
(4
)
   
4
     
(1
)
   
3
 
Total interest earning assets
   
1,512
     
(2,004
)
   
(492
)
   
451
     
(482
)
   
(31
)
 
                                               
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
                                               
Savings and money market deposits
   
72
     
(213
)
   
(141
)
   
9
     
(59
)
   
(50
)
NOW deposits
   
57
     
(108
)
   
(51
)
   
24
     
(31
)
   
(7
)
Certificates of deposit
   
(74
)
   
(61
)
   
(135
)
   
(21
)
   
(11
)
   
(32
)
Borrowings
   
61
     
(131
)
   
(70
)
   
35
     
(27
)
   
8
 
Total interest bearing liabilities
   
116
     
(513
)
   
(397
)
   
47
     
(128
)
   
(81
)
Net change in net interest income
 
$
1,396
   
$
(1,491
)
 
$
(95
)
 
$
404
   
$
(354
)
 
$
50
 
 
                                                                            
1 Calculated net of deferred loan fees, loan discounts, and loans in process.
2 Includes tax-free securities, mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities.

GENERAL

Return on average assets and return on average equity are common methods of measuring operating results.  Annualized return on average assets decreased to 1.02% for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to 1.08% for the nine months ended March 31, 2013, and was 0.90% and 0.98% for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.  Annualized return on average equity decreased to 11.50% for the nine months and 10.13% for the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to 12.23% for the nine months and 11.14% for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  The decrease in return on average assets and return on average equity was primarily the result of growth in both average assets and average equity with no growth in net income.  Net income amounted to $5.0 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 and amounted to $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.   Average assets increased $37.5 million, or 6.1% to $650.3 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to $612.8 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2013.  Average equity increased $3.5 million, or 6.5%, to $57.7 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to $54.2 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2013.  Average assets increased $38.2 million, or 6.1% to $665.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to $627.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  Average equity increased $3.8 million, or 6.9% to $59.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to $55.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.

37

INTEREST INCOME

Interest income amounted to $17.7 million and $6.0 million for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to $18.2 million and $6.0 million for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2013, respectively. Interest income decreased $492,000, and $31,000 when comparing the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.  The decrease was the result of a decline in yields on interest earning assets of 35 basis points and 24 basis points when comparing the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, offset by increases in average earning asset balances of $39.2 million and $37.1 million for these same periods. Average loan balances increased $38.5 million while the yield on loans decreased 49 basis points when comparing the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, and average securities increased $4.0 million while the yield on such securities decreased 37 basis points when comparing these same periods.  Average loan balances increased $41.7 million while the yield on loans decreased 40 basis points when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, and average securities decreased $11.4 million while the yield on such securities decreased 19 basis points when comparing these same periods.

INTEREST EXPENSE

Interest expense amounted to $1.8 million and $600,000 for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to $2.2 million and $681,000 for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2013, respectively.  Interest expense decreased $397,000 and $81,000 when comparing the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.  Decreases in rates on interest bearing liabilities contributed to the decrease in overall interest expense.  As illustrated in the rate/volume table, interest expense was reduced $513,000 due to a 13 basis point decrease in the average rate on interest bearing liabilities when comparing the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, and was reduced $128,000 due to a 9 basis point decrease in the average rate on interest bearing liabilities when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

The average rate paid on NOW deposits decreased 7 basis points and 6 basis points when comparing the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The average balance of such accounts increased by $15.9 million when comparing the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, and increased by $19.7 million when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.  The average balance of certificates of deposit decreased by $14.1 million and the average rate paid decreased by 14 basis points when comparing the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.  The average balance of certificates of deposit decreased by $12.5 million and the average rate paid decreased by 7 basis points when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.  The average balance of savings and money market deposits increased by $20.1 million when comparing the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 and increased by $7.9 million when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. The average rate paid on savings and money markets decreased 12 basis points and 10 basis points when comparing the nine and three month ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.   The average balance of borrowings increased $4.7 million and $10.3 million when comparing the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.  The rate paid on these borrowings decreased 130 basis points and 91 basis points when comparing the same periods.

NET INTEREST INCOME

Net interest income decreased $95,000 to $16.0 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 from $16.1 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2013.  Net interest spread decreased 22 basis points to 3.30% as compared to 3.52% when comparing the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.  Net interest margin decreased 23 basis points to 3.38% for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to 3.61% for the nine months ended March 31, 2013.  Net interest income totaled $5.4 million and $5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.  Net interest spread decreased 15 basis points to 3.25% as compared to 3.40% when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.  Net interest margin decreased 17 basis points to 3.32% for the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to 3.49% for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  The continued decline in rates, partially offset by growth in interest earning asset balances has resulted in the narrowing of the spread and margin when comparing the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

Due to the large portion of fixed-rate residential mortgages in the Company’s portfolio, interest rate risk is a concern and the Company will continue to monitor and adjust the asset and liability mix as much as possible to take advantage of the benefits and reduce the risks or potential negative effects of a rising rate environment.  Management attempts to mitigate the interest rate risk through balance sheet composition.  Several strategies are used to help manage interest rate risk such as maintaining a high level of liquid assets such as short-term federal funds sold and various investment securities and maintaining a high concentration of less interest-rate sensitive and lower-costing core deposits.

38

PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES

Management continues to closely monitor asset quality and adjust the level of the allowance for loan losses when necessary.  The amount recognized for the provision for loan losses is determined by management based on its ongoing analysis of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.  The provision for loan losses amounted to $1.1 million and $1.3 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and was $288,000 and $331,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The level of allowance for loan losses to total loans receivable decreased to 1.84% as of March 31, 2014 as compared to 1.94% as of June 30, 2013.  Nonperforming loans amounted to $6.1 million and $6.9 million at March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013, respectively.  Net charge-offs amounted to $808,000 and $571,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, an increase of $237,000.  Net charge-offs amounted to $118,000 and $173,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, a decrease of $55,000.  At March 31, 2014, nonperforming assets were 0.97% of total assets and nonperforming loans were 1.55% of net loans.   The Company has not been an originator of “no documentation” mortgage loans, and the loan portfolio does not include any mortgage loans that the Company classifies as sub-prime.

NONINTEREST INCOME

Noninterest income increased $198,000, or 5.3%, to $3.9 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to $3.7 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2013.  Noninterest income increased $107,000, or 9.4%, for the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to March 31, 2013 and totaled $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively.  These increases were primarily due to an increase in debit card fees resulting from continued growth in the number of checking accounts with debit cards, and income generated from increased sales of investment products to customers through investment services.

NONINTEREST EXPENSE

Noninterest expense increased $473,000, or 4.2%, when comparing the nine months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 and totaled $11.8 million and $11.4 million, respectively.  The increase was primarily due to an increase in salaries and employee benefits of $512,000 resulting from expenses recognized for the Company’s phantom stock option plan as well as various other employee benefits. The increase was also due to a $139,000 increase in legal and professional fees resulting from an increase in consulting services utilized during the nine months ended March 31, 2014. This increase was partially offset by a $166,000 decrease in service and data processing fees due to lower debit card processing fees resulting from the renegotiation of the contract between the Company and its vendor which provided for reduced fees during the nine months ended March 31, 2014.  It is expected that these fees will increase in subsequent periods as these incentives have expired.

Noninterest expense increased $329,000, or 8.3%, when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 and total $4.3 million and $3.9 million, respectively.  Similar to results for the nine months ended March 31, 2014, salaries and employee benefits increased $328,000 and legal and professional fees increased $25,000 and service and data processing fees decreased $11,000 when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.  Also, occupancy expense increased $37,000 and equipment and furniture expense decreased $47,000 when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.  These fluctuations were the result of higher real estate taxes paid and lower depreciation expense as older fixed assets have become fully depreciated.

INCOME TAXES

The provision for income taxes directly reflects the expected tax associated with the pre-tax income generated for the given year and certain regulatory requirements.  The effective tax rate was 28.3% and 26.6% for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2014, compared to 30.0% and 29.1% for the nine and three months ended March 31, 2013.   The effective tax rate has continued to decline as a result of purchases of tax exempt bonds and loans as well as continued loan growth within the Company’s real estate investment trust subsidiary.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Market risk is the risk of loss in a financial instrument arising from adverse changes in market rates or prices such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, and equity prices.  Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s most significant form of market risk is interest rate risk since the majority of Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s assets and liabilities are sensitive to changes in interest rates.  Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s primary sources of funds are deposits and proceeds from principal and interest payments on loans, mortgage-backed securities and debt securities, with lines of credit available through the Federal Home Loan Bank and Atlantic Central Bankers Bank as needed.  While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and securities are predictable sources of funds, deposit outflows, mortgage prepayments, and lending activities are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition.

Mortgage loan commitments, including construction and land loan commitments, totaled $19.0 million at March 31, 2014.  The unused portion of overdraft lines of credit amounted to $719,000, the unused portion of home equity lines of credit amounted to $8.1 million, and the unused portion of commercial lines of credit and commercial loan commitments amounted to $13.0 million at March 31, 2014.  Greene County Bancorp, Inc. anticipates that it will have sufficient funds available to meet current loan commitments based on the level of cash and cash equivalents as well as the available for sale investment portfolio and borrowing capacity.

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The Bank of Greene County and Greene County Commercial Bank met all applicable regulatory capital requirements at March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2013.  Consolidated shareholders’ equity represented 8.5% of total assets at March 31, 2014 and 8.9% of total assets of June 30, 2013.

Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

Item 4.
Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the  Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and in timely altering them to material information relating to the Company (or its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be filed in its periodic SEC filings.

There has been no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting in connection with the quarterly evaluation that occurred during the Company's last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II.    Other Information

Item 1.     Legal Proceedings
Greene County Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries are not engaged in any material legal proceedings at the present time.

Item 1A.   Risk Factors
Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.
 
Item 2.     Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
 
a)
Not applicable
 
b)
Not applicable
 
c)
Not applicable

Item 3.     Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable

Item 4.     Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable

 
Item 5.
Other Information
 
 
a)
Not applicable
 
b)
There were no material changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the Company’s Board of Directors during the period covered by this Form 10-Q.

 
Item 6.
Exhibits
 
 
Exhibits
 
31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer, adopted pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
 
31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer, adopted pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
 
32.1 Statement of Chief Executive Officer, furnished pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350
 
32.2 Statement of Chief Financial Officer, furnished pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350
 
101 The following materials from Greene County Bancorp, Inc. Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (iv) related notes, tagged as blocks of text.
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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.
 
 
 
 
 
Date:  May 14, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
By: /s/ Donald E. Gibson
 
 
 
 
 
Donald E. Gibson
 
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 

Date:  May 14, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
By: /s/ Michelle M. Plummer
 
 
 
 
 
Michelle M. Plummer, CPA
 
 
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Operating Officer
 
 
 
 
 
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